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Статті в журналах з теми "Isotopes du mercure":

1

Li, Zhong Gen, Xin Bin Feng, Guang Hui Li, Run Sheng Yin, and Ben Yu. "Mass Balance and Isotope Characteristics of Mercury in Two Coal-Fired Power Plants in Guizhou, China." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 2576–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.2576.

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Mercury distribution and stable isotope composition in solid samples of two coal-fired power plants in Guizhou province were determined. Results shown electrostatic precipitator (ESP) has mercury removal efficiency between 29.53% to 58.41%, and wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) between 12.29% to 58.60%, mercury removal efficiency of ESP and WFGD mainly depends on the coal properties. Most mercury (70% to 88%) in coal was captured by the combination of ESP+WFGD. Mercury in fly ash and gypsum were much heavier in isotope composition compared to the coal, hints mercury escaped into atmosphere was enriched in lighter mercury isotopes.
2

Irei, Satoshi. "Isotopic Characterization of Gaseous Mercury and Particulate Water-Soluble Organic Carbon Emitted from Open Grass Field Burning in Aso, Japan." Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010109.

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Biomass burning is one of the major emitters of airborne particulate matter (PM) and gaseous mercury. In order to apply the isotopic fingerprinting method to process identification and source apportionment studies, isotopic characterizations of targeted substances at emission are indispensable. Here, we report the stable isotopic composition of total gaseous mercury (TGM) and the stable and radiocarbon isotopic composition of low-volatile water-soluble nitrogen (LV-WSN) and organic carbon (LV-WSOC) in PM emitted from open grass field burning in the Aso region of Japan. The measurement results showed that TGM concentrations in the air increased during the open field burning events, indicating the presence of TGM emissions. The results of LV-WSN analysis showed very low concentrations; therefore, the stable nitrogen isotope ratios could not be measured. The stable mercury isotope ratios exhibited lighter composition than those observed during non-biomass-burning days. The analysis of LV-WSOC revealed heavy stable carbon isotope ratios (average ± SD, −18 ± 2‰), suggesting a substantial contribution from C4 plant carbon. The 14C analysis showed that more than 98% of the LV-WSOC was modern carbon, indicating the contribution of plant carbon to PM emitted from biomass burning. The findings here provide reference isotope compositions of TGM and particulate LV-WSOC from biomass burning in this region.
3

Adorni-Braccesi, A., M. Acutis, S. Merlo, and G. M. Zuppi. "Application des techniques physiques, géochimiques et isotopiques pour l'évaluation de l'infiltration sous climat tempéré." Revue des sciences de l'eau 14, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 243–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705419ar.

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Depuis plusieurs années, la Zone Non Saturée d'une parcelle expérimentale au nord de l'Italie (plaine du Pô) a fait l'objet de nombreuses études sur les caractéristiques physiques et géologiques du milieu, ainsi que sur les modalités du mouvement des eaux d'infiltration. Le site a été équipé de 6 tensiomètres à mercure, 6 bougies poreuses pour l'échantillonnage de l'eau et d'un tube d'accès pour la sonde à neutrons. L'application des différentes méthodes d'évaluation a fourni, pour la période d'étude (Septembre 1994-Août 1995), des valeurs de l'infiltration sensiblement différentes. La méthode physique, basée sur le calcul du bilan hydrique annuel, et considérant le sol comme un unique réservoir monocouche, a indiqué que 19% du total des précipitations arrive à s'infiltrer. D'autre part, un modèle de simulation intégrant les caractéristiques hydrodynamiques du sol a permis d'évaluer la recharge à 29% des précipitations annuelles. Le calcul de la répartition de la teneur en eau sur le profil porte sur la description des fluctuations temporelles du plan de flux nul, en relation avec les épisodes pluvieux et l'intensité de l'évaporation. La méthode géochimique du "profil en ions conservés" entre l'eau de pluie et du sol a permis, quant à elle, d'évaluer la lame d'eau infiltrée à environ 12% des précipitations annuelles. La composition isotopique des eaux extraites du sol manifeste un enrichissement global en isotopes lourds (2H et 18O) par rapport aux eaux météoriques, conséquence d'une évaporation intense. L'infiltration semble être de type "piston flow" dispersif. Elle suit, seulement pendant l'hiver, un flux où la composante convective dans la microporosité est prédominante sur la composante diffusive qui a lieu, de préférence, dans la macroporosité.
4

Zhang, Wenfeng, Weixiong Huang, Xiao Chen, Xingfen Yang, and Xiaoguang Yang. "Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope evidence for the low biomagnification of mercury in marine fish from the South China Sea." Marine and Freshwater Research 71, no. 8 (2020): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf19069.

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The low biomagnification of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in commercially important marine fish from the south coast of China has been demonstrated through the analysis of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. In this study, levels of THg, MeHg and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios were determined. Stable isotope signatures of carbon and nitrogen (13C/12C, 15N/14N) were used to trace the carbon flow and reconstruct trophic interactions. Levels of THg and MeHg in fish muscle samples were <220ngg–1. The trophic levels of sampled fish ranged from 2.31 to 5.03. The trophic magnification slopes were ~0.1 for both THg and MeHg, whereas the trophic magnification factor showed that the average biomagnification of THg and MeHg per trophic level was 3.02 and 2.87ngHgg–1 respectively along fish food chains, indicating low biomagnification potential of these mercury species. The low concentrations of MeHg and low biomagnification of mercury in marine fish may result from the trophic levels and habitats of these fish.
5

Lepak, Ryan F., Joel C. Hoffman, Sarah E. Janssen, David P. Krabbenhoft, Jacob M. Ogorek, John F. DeWild, Michael T. Tate, et al. "Mercury source changes and food web shifts alter contamination signatures of predatory fish from Lake Michigan." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 47 (November 4, 2019): 23600–23608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907484116.

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To understand the impact reduced mercury (Hg) loading and invasive species have had on methylmercury bioaccumulation in predator fish of Lake Michigan, we reconstructed bioaccumulation trends from a fish archive (1978 to 2012). By measuring fish Hg stable isotope ratios, we related temporal changes in Hg concentrations to varying Hg sources. Additionally, dietary tracers were necessary to identify food web influences. Through combined Hg, C, and N stable isotopic analyses, we were able to differentiate between a shift in Hg sources to fish and periods when energetic transitions (from dreissenid mussels) led to the assimilation of contrasting Hg pools (2000 to present). In the late 1980s, lake trout δ202Hg increased (0.4‰) from regulatory reductions in regional Hg emissions. After 2000, C and N isotopes ratios revealed altered food web pathways, resulting in a benthic energetic shift and changes to Hg bioaccumulation. Continued increases in δ202Hg indicate fish are responding to several United States mercury emission mitigation strategies that were initiated circa 1990 and continued through the 2011 promulgation of the Mercury and Air Toxics Standards rule. Unlike archives of sediments, this fish archive tracks Hg sources susceptible to bioaccumulation in Great Lakes fisheries. Analysis reveals that trends in fish Hg concentrations can be substantially affected by shifts in trophic structure and dietary preferences initiated by invasive species in the Great Lakes. This does not diminish the benefits of declining emissions over this period, as fish Hg concentrations would have been higher without these actions.
6

Irei, Satoshi. "Development of Fast Sampling and High Recovery Extraction Method for Stable Isotope Measurement of Gaseous Mercury." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (September 24, 2020): 6691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196691.

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A method involving fast large-volume sampling and bag extraction of total gaseous mercury (TGM) using a 5 mL acid solution was developed for stable mercury isotope ratio measurements. A big gold-coated sand trap (BAuT)—a 45 (i.d.) × 300 mm (length) quartz tube with 131 times more trapping material than a conventional gold trap—was used for the collection of a large amount of TGM. The collected TGM was extracted using 5 mL inversed aqua regia in a 2 L Tedlar bag followed by isotope measurements using a cold vapor generator coupled with a multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Sampling tests demonstrated that the collection efficiency of the BAuT was 99.9% or higher during the 1–24 h sampling period under the flow rate of 20–100 L min−1. Recovery tests of 24 h bag extraction using 100 ng NIST SRM 8610 exhibited nearly 100% recovery yields. The five measured stable mercury isotope ratios agreed with reference values within 2σ intervals. The overall methodology tested during the pilot field and laboratory studies demonstrated its successful application in analysis, promising highly precise stable mercury isotopic data with a time resolution of less than 24 h.
7

Blum, Joel D., Jeffrey C. Drazen, Marcus W. Johnson, Brian N. Popp, Laura C. Motta, and Alan J. Jamieson. "Mercury isotopes identify near-surface marine mercury in deep-sea trench biota." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 47 (November 16, 2020): 29292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012773117.

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Mercury isotopic compositions of amphipods and snailfish from deep-sea trenches reveal information on the sources and transformations of mercury in the deep oceans. Evidence for methyl-mercury subjected to photochemical degradation in the photic zone is provided by odd-mass independent isotope values (Δ199Hg) in amphipods from the Kermadec Trench, which average 1.57‰ (±0.14,n= 12, SD), and amphipods from the Mariana Trench, which average 1.49‰ (±0.28,n= 13). These values are close to the average value of 1.48‰ (±0.34,n= 10) for methyl-mercury in fish that feed at ∼500-m depth in the central Pacific Ocean. Evidence for variable contributions of mercury from rainfall is provided by even-mass independent isotope values (Δ200Hg) in amphipods that average 0.03‰ (±0.02,n= 12) for the Kermadec and 0.07‰ (±0.01,n= 13) for the Mariana Trench compared to the rainfall average of 0.13 (±0.05,n= 8) in the central Pacific. Mass-dependent isotope values (δ202Hg) are elevated in amphipods from the Kermadec Trench (0.91 ±0.22‰,n= 12) compared to the Mariana Trench (0.26 ±0.23‰,n= 13), suggesting a higher level of microbial demethylation of the methyl-mercury pool before incorporation into the base of the foodweb. Our study suggests that mercury in the marine foodweb at ∼500 m, which is predominantly anthropogenic, is transported to deep-sea trenches primarily in carrion, and then incorporated into hadal (6,000-11,000-m) food webs. Anthropogenic Hg added to the surface ocean is, therefore, expected to be rapidly transported to the deepest reaches of the oceans.
8

Huang, Qiang, Jiubin Chen, Weilin Huang, Pingqing Fu, Benjamin Guinot, Xinbin Feng, Lihai Shang, et al. "Isotopic composition for source identification of mercury in atmospheric fine particles." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 18 (September 22, 2016): 11773–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11773-2016.

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Abstract. The usefulness of mercury (Hg) isotopes for tracing the sources and pathways of Hg (and its vectors) in atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) is uncertain. Here, we measured Hg isotopic compositions in 30 potential source materials and 23 PM2.5 samples collected in four seasons from the megacity Beijing (China) and combined the seasonal variation in both mass-dependent fractionation (represented by the ratio 202Hg ∕ 198Hg, δ202Hg) and mass-independent fractionation of isotopes with odd and even mass numbers (represented by Δ199Hg and Δ200Hg, respectively) with geochemical parameters and meteorological data to identify the sources of PM2.5-Hg and possible atmospheric particulate Hg transformation. All PM2.5 samples were highly enriched in Hg and other heavy metals and displayed wide ranges of both δ202Hg (−2.18 to 0.51 ‰) and Δ199Hg (−0.53 to 0.57 ‰), as well as small positive Δ200Hg (0.02 to 0.17 ‰). The results indicated that the seasonal variation in Hg isotopic composition (and elemental concentrations) was likely derived from variable contributions from anthropogenic sources, with continuous input due to industrial activities (e.g., smelting, cement production and coal combustion) in all seasons, whereas coal combustion dominated in winter and biomass burning mainly found in autumn. The more positive Δ199Hg of PM2.5-Hg in spring and early summer was likely derived from long-range-transported Hg that had undergone extensive photochemical reduction. The study demonstrated that Hg isotopes may be potentially used for tracing the sources of particulate Hg and its vectors in the atmosphere.
9

Jiskra, Martin, Jeroen E. Sonke, Yannick Agnan, Detlev Helmig, and Daniel Obrist. "Insights from mercury stable isotopes on terrestrial–atmosphere exchange of Hg(0) in the Arctic tundra." Biogeosciences 16, no. 20 (October 18, 2019): 4051–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4051-2019.

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Abstract. The tundra plays a pivotal role in the Arctic mercury (Hg) cycle by storing atmospheric Hg deposition and shuttling it to the Arctic Ocean. A recent study revealed that 70 % of the atmospheric Hg deposition to the tundra occurs through gaseous elemental mercury (GEM or Hg(0)) uptake by vegetation and soils. Processes controlling land–atmosphere exchange of Hg(0) in the Arctic tundra are central, but remain understudied. Here, we combine Hg stable isotope analysis of Hg(0) in the atmosphere, interstitial snow air, and soil pore air, with Hg(0) flux measurements in a tundra ecosystem at Toolik Field Station in northern Alaska (USA). In the dark winter months, planetary boundary layer (PBL) conditions and Hg(0) concentrations were generally stable throughout the day and small Hg(0) net deposition occurred. In spring, halogen-induced atmospheric mercury depletion events (AMDEs) occurred, with the fast re-emission of Hg(0) after AMDEs resulting in net emission fluxes of Hg(0). During the short snow-free growing season in summer, vegetation uptake of atmospheric Hg(0) enhanced atmospheric Hg(0) net deposition to the Arctic tundra. At night, when PBL conditions were stable, ecosystem uptake of atmospheric Hg(0) led to a depletion of atmospheric Hg(0). The night-time decline of atmospheric Hg(0) was concomitant with a depletion of lighter Hg(0) isotopes in the atmospheric Hg pool. The enrichment factor, ε202Hgvegetationuptake=-4.2 ‰ (±1.0 ‰) was consistent with the preferential uptake of light Hg(0) isotopes by vegetation. Hg(0) flux measurements indicated a partial re-emission of Hg(0) during daytime, when solar radiation was strongest. Hg(0) concentrations in soil pore air were depleted relative to atmospheric Hg(0) concentrations, concomitant with an enrichment of lighter Hg(0) isotopes in the soil pore air, ε202Hgsoilair-atmosphere=-1.00 ‰ (±0.25 ‰) and E199Hgsoilair-atmosphere=0.07 ‰ (±0.04 ‰). These first Hg stable isotope measurements of Hg(0) in soil pore air are consistent with the fractionation previously observed during Hg(0) oxidation by natural humic acids, suggesting abiotic oxidation as a cause for observed soil Hg(0) uptake. The combination of Hg stable isotope fingerprints with Hg(0) flux measurements and PBL stability assessment confirmed a dominant role of Hg(0) uptake by vegetation in the terrestrial–atmosphere exchange of Hg(0) in the Arctic tundra.
10

Paranjape, Avnee R., and Britt D. Hall. "Recent advances in the study of mercury methylation in aquatic systems." FACETS 2, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 85–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2016-0027.

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With increasing input of neurotoxic mercury to environments as a result of anthropogenic activity, it has become imperative to examine how mercury may enter biotic systems through its methylation to bioavailable forms in aquatic environments. Recent development of stable isotope-based methods in methylation studies has enabled a better understanding of the factors controlling methylation in aquatic systems. In addition, the identification and tracking of the hgcAB gene cluster, which is necessary for methylation, has broadened the range of known methylators and methylation-conducive environments. Study of abiotic factors in methylation with new molecular methods (the use of stable isotopes and genomic methods) has helped elucidate the confounding influences of many environmental factors, as these methods enable the examination of their direct effects instead of merely correlative observations. Such developments will be helpful in the finer characterization of mercury biogeochemical cycles, which will enable better predictions of the potential effects of climate change on mercury methylation in aquatic systems and, by extension, the threat this may pose to biota.

Дисертації з теми "Isotopes du mercure":

1

Hannachi, Fazia. "Étude des isotopes de mercure de la région de transition A ~ 186." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112475.

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Les états de haut spin des noyaux ¹⁸⁵,¹⁸⁷,¹⁸⁸Hg produits dans les réactions ¹⁶¹,¹⁶³,¹⁶⁴Dy (²⁸Si (135-151 MeV, xn) ont été étudiés à l’aide d’un multidétecteur 4π « Château de Cristal » en ligne sur le tandem du C. R. N. Strasbourg. Des mesures de distribution angulaire, de polarisation linéaire des transitions et de coïncidences ont été effectuées. Les schémas de niveaux ainsi établis ont permis de mettre en évidence la coexistence de ¹⁸⁵Hg et ¹⁸⁷Hg de deux formes d’équilibre « oblate » et « prolate » toutes deux stabilisées par le nucléon impair dans la couche sphérique νil3/2 ainsi que les bandes construits sur les états 1/2⁻[521] (fondamental) et 7/2⁻[514] de ¹⁸⁵Hg préalablement observés en radioactivité. Dans ¹⁸⁸Hg, outre le développement à plus haut spin des deux bandes de parité positive précédemment rapportées, quatre nouvelles bandes de parité négative ont été identifiées. L’interprétation de ces résultats a été réalisée à l’aide du modèle de « cranking » décrivant les mouvements de quasi-particules indépendantes dans le champ moyen du noyau déformé en rotation. Les propriétés des structures peu déformées dans ces isotopes sont bien reproduites en considérant l’excitation de neutrons il3/2 tandis qu’il est plus difficile de conclure sur l’origine des particules impliquées dans les structures plus déformées qui coexistent dans ces mêmes noyaux
High-spin states in ¹⁸⁵⁻¹⁸⁷⁻¹⁸⁸Hg have been investigated via the ¹⁶¹-¹⁶⁴Dy (²⁸Si, xn) reactions by in-beam γ-ray spectroscopic techniques using the “Chateau de Cristal” 4π-multidetector array. Level schemes have been established. Spins and parities of the states have been deduced from transitions multipolarities obtained from measurements of the angular distribution and linear polarization of the γ-rays. The shape coexistence of both prolate and oblate band structures built on states originating from νil3/2 subshell, has been observed for the first time in ¹⁸⁵⁻¹⁸⁷Hg as well as the rotational bands built on the 1/2⁻[521] and 7/2⁻[514] states in ¹⁸⁵Hg. In ¹⁸⁸Hg negative-parity bands are well developed. The various band structures are interpreted within the framework of the cranked shell model. The oblate structures are well reproduced by considering νil3/2 excitations while it is more difficult to conclude about the nature of the particle involved in the prolate ones
2

Enrico, Maxime. "Atmospheric mercury deposition and mercury stable isotope compositions in peat bogs." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015INPT0103/document.

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Les tourbières sont communément utilisées comme archives de dépôts de mercure (Hg). De nombreuses études ces dernières décennies ont montré que les taux d’accumulation de Hg (HgARs) ont augmenté en réponse à l’industrialisation. Les signatures isotopiques en Hg se révèlent très utiles pour mieux caractériser les dépôts de Hg. Elles ont permis de montrer que les dépôts secs de Hg élémentaire gazeux (GEM) dominent les dépôts de Hg sur la tourbière du Pinet. L’analyse d’échantillons de tourbe provenant de plusieurs tourbières en hémisphère nord montre que les dépôts secs de GEM dominent globalement les dépôts de Hg. Les tourbières pourraient donc être utilisées comme archives à la fois des dépôts humides et des concentrations en GEM pendant l’Holocène. On présente la première reconstruction quantitative des concentrations passées en GEM à partir de carottes de tourbe. L’impact de l’Homme sur le cycle du Hg a eu pour conséquence une augmentation graduelle des concentrations en GEM de 0,2 (10 000 – 4000 BP) à 3,5 ng m-3 (20ème siècle), accompagnée par des modifications de signatures isotopiques du Hg atmosphérique. Cette première utilisation de tourbières comme archives de concentration et d’isotopie du GEM est prometteuse, et devrait être étendue à la période pré-anthropique pour étudier les variations naturelles du cycle du Hg pendant l’Holocène
During the past few decades, peatlands were successfully used to investigate historical mercury (Hg) deposition. The chronology of Hg accumulation rates (HgARs) to peatlands is well constrained, with recent increases in HgAR associated with anthropogenic Hg emissions and deposition. The use of Hg stable isotopes in peatland ecosystems provides new opportunities to better characterize and understand historical Hg deposition. In an extensive study conducted at the Pinet peat bog (French Pyrenees) we identify gaseous elemental Hg (GEM) dry deposition, via foliar uptake, as the dominant Hg transfer pathway from the atmosphere to peat vegetation. Based on the Hg isotope analysis of multiple northern hemispheric peat records, we find that GEM dry deposition dominates Hg deposition globally. We suggest that peatlands can be used as archives of both past Hg wet deposition, Hg dry deposition and GEM concentration. We present the first quantitative reconstruction of historical atmospheric GEM concentrations using peat archives from the Pyrenees. The Human impact on Hg cycling caused a gradual increase in GEM concentrations from 0.2 (10,000 – 4000 BP) to 3.5 ng m-3 (20th Century) and was accompanied by a change in atmospheric Hg isotope signatures. This first comprehensive study on Hg isotope deposition to peatlands is promising and should be extended to pre-anthropogenic times to investigate natural variations in atmospheric Hg dynamics during the Holocene
3

Feng, Caiyan. "Spéciation et composition isotopique du mercure pour étudier les voies de contamination bio-environnementale du mercure." Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU3018/document.

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Le mercure (Hg) est un polluant global et ses effets écotoxicologiques sont fortement dépendants de sa forme chimique principalement sous forme de méthylmercure (MeHg). En raison de la forte bioaccumulation et bioamplification du MeHg dans les réseaux trophiques, l'exposition humaine est associée à la consommation de poissons, mais aussi du riz produit à proximité des régions minières riches en Hg (Chine). La composition isotopique du Hg est un outil potentiellement puissant qui a été récemment utilisé pour le traçage de la contamination par mercure et les processus biogéochimiques dans l'environnement et les organismes vivants. Dans ce travail, la spéciation et la composition isotopique du mercure d'échantillons bio-environnementaux ont été étudiées afin d'élucider les voies de contamination par Hg entre les milieux contaminés et certains organismes vivants cibles, tels que le système sol-riz dans une région minière (Hg) et le biote aquatique dans une rivière polluée par une usine de production chlore/soude. Une étude écotoxicologique a également démontré que la composition isotopique de Hg dans les différents organes des poissons permet de mieux comprendre les voies métaboliques du Hg et la réponse toxicologique induite
Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant and its ecotoxicological effects are strongly dependent on its chemical form mainly as methylmercury (MeHg). Due to the high bioaccumulation and biomagnification of MeHg in food webs, human exposure occurs through the consumption of fish, but also rice nearby Hg mining area (China). Hg isotopes composition is a potentials powerful tool and has been recently used to trace Hg contamination and biogeochemical processes in environment and living organisms. In this work, Hg speciation and isotopic composition of bio-environmental samples has been investigated in order to elucidate Hg contamination pathways between contaminated sites and target living organisms such as soil-rice plant system in a Hg mining region and aquatic biota in a river impacted by a chlor-alkali plant. An ecotoxicological study has also demonstrated how Hg isotopic composition in different fish organs allows to better understand Hg metabolic pathways and induced toxicological response
4

Hannachi, Fazia. "Etude des isotopes de mercure de la région de transition ...186." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376058223.

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5

Nigron, Etienne. "Isotopes radioactifs produits par voies non conventionnelles." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT4032.

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La médecine nucléaire utilise des radionucléides pour le diagnostic et pour la thérapie. La tendance suivie par la médecine nucléaire est de s'adapter de plus en plus à chaque patient. Pour arriver à cet objectif, une large gamme de radionucléides doit être disponible pour répondre aux besoins des médecins. Une approche théranostique (thérapie et diagnostic) peut être mise en place dès la conception du médicament permettant d'orienter la médecine vers une médecine personnalisée. Dans cette optique, des études de production de radionucléides innovants par voies non conventionnelles (faisceaux de deutons, matériaux cibles non usuels : cibles enrichies ou produits de fission) ont été menées durant cette thèse. Les voies de réaction ¹⁹⁷ Au(d,2n)¹⁹⁷ᵐHg et ⁷⁰Zn(d,x)⁶⁷Cu ont été identifiées comme intéressantes et des mesures de leur section efficace ont été effectuées. Des paramètres de production permettant de limiter la production de contaminants sont proposés et des courbes de rendement pour ces réactions d'intérêt ont été calculées. Pour effectuer ces mesures de sections efficaces, un nouveau dispositif expérimental a été mis en place permettant la mesure directe du flux de particules. Une étude approfondie sur les conditions optimales de fonctionnement a été effectuée et une incertitude sur la mesure a été définie à 2%. Ce dispositif permet l'obtention de valeurs de sections efficaces avec des incertitudes amoindries comparés à la méthode, communément utilisée, des réactions moniteurs qui possèdent des incertitudes de l'ordre de 10%. Une étude sur la possibilité de valoriser une partie des produits de fission légers du cycle électronucléaire a été explorée. En effet ces produits de fission peuvent être utilisés comme cible pour produire des radionucléides d'intérêt pour la médecine. Des noyaux, pouvant être créés à partir de ces produits de fission, ont été identifiés et leurs voies de production, à partir de la connaissance des sections efficaces, ont été étudiées dans le détail. Les courbes de rendement ont été calculées pour les voies de réaction reconnues comme potentiellement intéressantes/réalisables
Nuclear medicine uses radionuclides for diagnosis and therapy. Nowadays, the nuclear medicine tends to adapt more efficiently to each patient. To achieve this goal, a wide range of radionuclides must be available for the physician's requirements. A theranostic approach (therapy and diagnosis) can be implemented from drug's design in order to guide medicine towards a personalised medicine. ln this sense, studies on the production of innovative radionuclides using unconventional pathways (deuteron beams, non-standard target materials: enriched targets or fission products) were conducted during this thesis. Reaction pathways¹⁹⁷ Au(d,2n) ¹⁹⁷ᵐHg and ⁷⁰Zn(d,x)⁶⁷ Cu were identified as relevant and their cross section were measured. The production parameters limiting the production of contaminants were proposed and yields were calculated for the highlighted reactions. For the measurements of these cross sections, a new experimental device has been designed to directly measure the particle flow. An intensive study on the optimal operational conditions was performed by defining an uncertainty of measurements of 2%. This device allows obtaining cross-section values with diminished uncertainties in comparison with the commonly used method of monitor reactions which have uncertainties of the order of 10%. The possibility of recovering light fission products from spent nuclear fuel was also explored. These fission products can be considered as a target to produce radionuclides of medical interest. Some nuclei, which can be created from these fission products, have been identified and their production pathways, based on their cross sections, have been studied in detail. The yield curves were calculated for the reaction paths were recognised as potentially interesting/feasible for this mean
6

Sun, Ruoyu. "Les variations isotopiques du mercure dans le charbon et les produits de combustion du charbon : une évaluation de la traçabilité des émissions du mercure des centrales au charbon." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2055/.

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Le mercure (Hg) est un élément toxique et récalcitrant dans notre environnement. Depuis la révolution industrielle, les activités humains ont augmenté la quantité du Hg qui cycle à la surface de la Terre d'un facteur trois. Les émissions du Hg des centrales au charbon représentent à elles-seules la moitié de tous les émissions anthropiques du Hg. Désormais, le traçage quantitatif de ces émissions des différentes régions du globe n'est pas simple. L'objectif de cette thèse a été d'explorer les signatures isotopiques du Hg comme traceur potentiel des émissions du Hg des centrales au charbon. Dans un premier temps un protocole d'extraction, purification et de pré-concentration du Hg par voie de combustion et re-piégeage acide a été développé. Une fois purifie, le Hg a été analyse par spectrométrie de masse à haute précision (~0. 1‰, 2s). En résumé, nous observons que les charbons provenant du globe entier sont isotopiquement discernable à un niveau de p de <0. 05 ou <0. 1. Les processus de combustion et de captage du Hg dans les centrales au charbon ne modifient que minimalement les signatures isotopiques du Hg. Nous considérons ces deux résultats suffisamment prometteur à fin de recommander des études plus élaborées au sujet du traçage des émissions du Hg des centrales au charbon dans l'environnement. Il sera important d'étudier les signatures isotopiques des formes gazeuses et particulaires du Hg dans les panaches des centrales au charbon, afin de vérifier leur variation et évolution. La difficulté de tracer les sources du Hg réside dans la modification de ses signatures isotopiques par les transformations biogéochimiques omniprésentes dans l'atmosphère
Mercury (Hg) is a toxic, persistent and globally distributed pollutant. Since the industrial revolution, human activities have augmented the global Hg cycle at the Earth's surface by a factor of three. Hg emissions from coal-fired power plants represent at present the largest single anthropogenic source. However, quantitative tracing of the fate of coal Hg emissions from different countries or regions is a challenging issue. The objective of this PhD dissertation was to use Hg stable isotope signatures to address this problem. Firstly, we developed a combustion-trapping protocol to extract, purify and pre-concentrate Hg from solid samples with low Hg levels such as coal and coal combustion products. Purified coal Hg was then measured for its isotope compositions by high-precision (~0. 1‰, 2s) multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. In summary we find that coals from different global coal basins are often isotopically distinguishable at the p=0. 05 or 0. 10 level, and that combustion and capture processes in coal-fired power plants do not substantially change feed coal Hg isotope signatures. We consider these combined results to be sufficiently promising to recommend detailed atmospheric Hg isotope tracer studies of coal plant Hg emissions. However, we anticipate that the different gaseous and particulate forms of Hg in coal flue gas emissions may carry more contrasting Hg isotope signatures than we estimated for bulk emissions. Therefore, caution should be taken in near-field and far-field coal Hg emission tracing, and additional studies on the Hg isotope signatures of coal plant Hg emissions are necessary
7

Barre, Julien. "Evaluation de la contamination atmosphérique des écosystèmes en utilisant la composition isotopique du plomb et du mercure dans les lichens." Thesis, Pau, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PAUU3049/document.

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La signature isotopique du plomb (Pb) et du mercure (Hg) a été étudiée dans les lichens épiphytes des Pyrénées-Atlantiques. Un échantillonnage intégré et spatialisé à l’aide d’un système d’information géographique (SIG) a été mis en place afin de prendre en compte la diversité du territoire (occupation des sols, forêts, agriculture, industries et zones urbaines). A méso-échelle (département des Pyrénées-Atlantiques), la composition isotopique permet de différencier les zones impactées par les activités anthropiques mais aussi de discriminer l’origine de la contamination qu’elle soit de type industrielle ou urbaine. A l’échelle locale, la signature isotopique du Hg et Pb dans des lichens et des mousses prélevés dans la forêt d’Iraty (zone frontalière Franco-espagnole) a permis d’évaluer le type de dépôts accumulés dans ces différents bioaccumulateurs atmosphériques et le potentiel de ce nouvel outil pour le suivi des dépôts atmosphériques dans les écosystèmes éloignés. Enfin, sur la zone mercurifère d’Almadén (Castella la Mancha, Espagne) la signature isotopique du Hg dans les lichens et les sédiments apparait comme un outil pertinent pour étudier le transfert du Hg provenant de l’extraction minière vers les hydrosystèmes et l’atmosphère
The isotopic signature of lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) was measured in epiphytic lichens from Pyrénées-Atlantiques. An integrated and spatialized sampling was developed using geographical information system (GIS) to take into account the diversity of the territory (land-use, forest, agriculture, industries and urban areas). At meso-scale (county, Pyrenees-Atlantiques) the isotopic composition allows to differenciate areas impacted by anthropegenic activities and discriminate the origin of the contamination that it of industrial or urban type. At local scale, the isotopic signature of Hg and Pb in lichens and mosses sampled in Iraty forest (Franco-Spanish border) allowed to evaluate the kind of atmospheric deposits in these atmospheric bio-monitors and the potential of this new tool for the monitoring of atmospheric depositsin remote ecosystems. Finally, on the mercurifere area of Almadén (Castella la Mancha, Spain) the isotopic fingerprint of Hg in lichens and sediments appears to be a relevant tool to study the transfer of Hg from mining activities to hydrosystems and atmosphere
8

Monperrus, Mathilde. "Utilisation de traceurs isotopiques stables pour la spéciation du mercure et des buthylétains : Application à l'étude de la biométhylation du mercure dans les environnements aquatiques." Pau, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PAUU3031.

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La première partie de ce travail porte sur le développement de nouvelles méthodes pour l'analyse de spéciation du mercure et des butylétains dans les matrices environnementales. La mise au point de ces nouvelles techniques analytiques de spéciation est basée sur la quantification par dilution isotopique. Les techniques développées sont axées principalement sur la détermination simultanée des composés de mercure et des butylétains ce qui comprend la préparation d'échantillon simultanée ainsi que l'analyse simultanée. Le développement porte sur les différentes matrices composant les environnements aquatiques : l'eau, les tissus biologiques et les sédiments. Dans la deuxième partie de ce travail, les méthodes analytiques développées ont été appliquées à des études environnementales sur les cycles biogéochimiques du mercure et des butylétains dans les environnements aquatiques. Des méthodes expérimentales utilisant des espèces enrichies isotopiquement comme traceurs ont été développées et mises en œuvre. Elles permettent d'évaluer les taux de transformations du mercure (méthylation/déméthylation) dans les différents compartiments des environnements aquatiques que sont les sédiments et la colonne d'eau. Les facteurs environnementaux et notamment les paramètres biologiques sont aussi contrôlés afin de déterminer le lien entre les transformations du mercure et les activités des organismes vivants tels que les bactéries et le phytoplancton
The first part of this work involves the development of new analytical methods for the speciation analysis of mercury and butyltin compounds in environmental matrices. The optimization of these new methods for speciation analysis is based on the isotope dilution technique and has been developed specially for the simultaneous determination of mercury and butyltin compounds taking into account the simultaneous sample preparation and the simultaneous detection. The analytical development has been carried out for the different environmental matrix found in the aquatic ecosystems: water samples, biological tissues and sediments. In the second part of this work, the developed analytical techniques have been used to investigate biogeochemical cycles of mercury and butyltin into aquatic environments. Experimental methods, using isotopically enriched species as tracers, have been developed and have allowed the evaluation of mercury transformation mechanisms (methylation/demethylation) in the different compartments of the aquatics systems (in the sediments and the water column). Environmental factors and biological parameters have been also investigated in order to determine the possible link between the mercury transformation processes and the biological activities (bacterio- and phyto-plankton activities)
9

Bouchet, Sylvain. "Etude de la spéciation biogéochimique du mercure aux interfaces des écosystèmes tidaux côtiers." Pau, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PAUU3008.

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La dynamique biogéochimique du mercure dans les zones côtières et notamment les facteurs de transformation et de mobilité des différentes espèces du mercure (Hg inorganique, méthyle et élémentaire) ont été évalués par des expérimentations de laboratoire et de terrain. La spéciation et la réactivité du mercure dans des sédiments superficiels ont été étudiées sous conditions redox oscillantes à l’aide d’un microcosme de laboratoire et de traceurs isotopiques stables. Ces conditions transitoires peuvent influencer les transformations et la partition des espèces du mercure. Ces transformations ont été mises en relation avec les processus de la diagénèse précoce, certaines activités bactériennes et l’évolution de la matière organique. Le comportement des espèces ajoutées du mercure nous renseigne aussi sur la réponse temporelle de l’écosystème à une contamination chronique. La spéciation et le transfert aux différentes interfaces (sédiment – eau – atmosphère) des espèces du mercure ont également fait l’objet d’investigations de terrain dans la zone intertidale du bassin d’Arcachon (Aquitaine, France). Les flux d’échanges ainsi que les potentiels de transformations des espèces ont été déterminés in situ et à l’aide de chambres à flux et de traceurs isotopiques du mercure. L’intensité des flux et les mécanismes de transformations varient de manière saisonnière en relation avec l’évolution des conditions biogéochimiques du sédiment. Les interfaces sédimentaires intertidales s’avèrent en particulier comme des zones d’échanges dynamiques du mercure vers la colonne d’eau et l’atmosphère
The mercury biogeochemistry in coastal ecosystems and especially the transformations and mobility of the mercury species (inorganic mercury, methylated forms, and elemental mercury) have been evaluated with laboratory and field experiments. The mercury speciation and reactivity in superficial sediments have been studied under transient redox conditions using a laboratory microcosm and stable isotopic tracers. These transient conditions influence the transformations and partitioning of the mercury species. These transformations have been related to early diagenetic processes, specific bacterial activities and the evolution of the organic matter. The behavior of added mercury species reveals also the temporal ecosystem response to a chronic contamination. The mercury speciation and reactivity have been investigated at the different interfaces (sediment – water – atmosphere) of the intertidal zone of the Arcachon Bay (SW France). The exchange fluxes as well as transformation potentials have been evaluated in situ using flux chambers and mercury isotopic tracers. The flux intensities and transformation mechanisms exhibit seasonal variations according to the sediment biogeochemical conditions. The intertidal sediment interfaces appear as highly dynamic zones for mercury exchange to the water column and the atmosphere
10

Le, Coz Yves. "Mise en évidence de bandes dipolaires dans les isotopes de mercure à l'aide du multidétecteur EUROGAM." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10030.

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Ce travail de these porte sur l'etude de la structure nucleaire des noyaux de masse a=190 et plus particulierement sur la recherche des bandes rotationnelles dipolaires dans les noyaux de mercure. L'etude experimentale de ces noyaux a ete realisee aupres du multidetecteur eurogam phase i. Les noyaux #1#9#2hg et #1#9#3hg ont ete produits via les reactions de fusion-evaporation #1#6#0gd(#3#6s, 4n)#1#9#2hg, #1#5#0nd(#4#8ca, 5n)#1#9#3hg a des energies de faisceau respectives de 159 et 213 mev. Ces experiences ont permis d'etendre le schema de niveaux de ces noyaux jusqu'a plus de 10 mev d'energie d'excitation et pres de 35 de moment angulaire. Dans le noyau #1#9#2hg, deux bandes dipolaires ont ainsi ete identifiees. Ces deux nouvelles structures, ainsi que deux structures similaires du noyau #1#9#3hg, ont ete reliees aux etats de basse energie. La decouverte, pour la premiere fois dans la serie isotopique des mercures, de transitions de lien entre bandes dipolaires et etats normaux permet ainsi de connaitre l'energie d'excitation et les spins de ces structures. Des analyses de distribution et correlation angulaire, specifiques a la geometrie d'eurogam phase i, ont permis d'assigner la multipolarite de ces structures. Apres une discussion generale des bandes dipolaires de la region de masse a=190, une interpretation de ces bandes dans #1#9#2#,#1#9#3hg, en terme de modele unifie de couplage fort utilisant des fonctions d'onde individuelles extraites de calculs de champ moyen hartree-fock + bcs, est proposee et montre l'importance des excitations de protons de haut-k dans ces bandes dipolaires, excitations qui stabilisent le noyau dans une forme faiblement aplatie

Частини книг з теми "Isotopes du mercure":

1

Bergquist, Bridget A. "Mercury Isotopes." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 900–906. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39312-4_122.

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Bergquist, Bridget A. "Mercury Isotopes." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39193-9_122-1.

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3

Blum, Joel D. "Applications of Stable Mercury Isotopes to Biogeochemistry." In Advances in Isotope Geochemistry, 229–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10637-8_12.

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Sukhoruchkin, S. I., and Z. N. Soroko. "Graphs for Isotopes of 80-Hg(Mercury)." In Nuclei with Z = 55 - 100, 16202–9. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70609-0_7706.

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5

Hintelmann, Holger, and Wang Zheng. "Tracking Geochemical Transformations and Transport of Mercury through Isotope Fractionation." In Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology of Mercury, 293–327. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118146644.ch9.

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Hintelmann, Holger, and Nives Ogrinc. "Determination of Stable Mercury Isotopes by ICP/MS and Their Application in Environmental Studies." In ACS Symposium Series, 321–38. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2003-0835.ch021.

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Gunning, Harry E., and Otto P. Strausz. "Isotopic Effects and the Mechanism of Energy Transfer in Mercury Photosensitization." In Advances in Photochemistry, 209–74. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470133316.ch7.

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8

Hintelmann, Holger. "Use of Stable Isotopes in Mercury Research." In Mercury in the Environment, 55–72. University of California Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520271630.003.0004.

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9

Blum, Joel D., and Marcus W. Johnson. "17 Recent Developments in Mercury Stable Isotope Analysis." In Non-Traditional Stable Isotopes, edited by Fang-Zhen Teng, James Watkins, and Nicolas Dauphas. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110545630-018.

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"CHAPTER 4. Use of Stable Isotopes in Mercury Research." In Mercury in the Environment, 55–72. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520951396-008.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Isotopes du mercure":

1

Chen, Xing, Honglei Yang, Peng Fei, Xiaobo Xue, Shengkang Zhang, and Jun Ge. "The high frequency electrodeless mercury isotope lamp." In 2020 Joint Conference of the IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics (IFCS-ISAF). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifcs-isaf41089.2020.9234934.

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2

Kwon, Sae Yun. "Can mercury stable isotopes aid monitoring and effectiveness evaluation of the Minamata Convention on Mercury?" In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.4959.

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3

Abramochkin, A. I., V. A. Korolkov, N. G. Mutnitsky, V. V. Tatur, and A. A. Tikhomirov. "Portable mercury gas analyzer with a lamp filled with natural mercury isotope mixture." In XXI International Symposium Atmospheric and Ocean Optics. Atmospheric Physics, edited by Oleg A. Romanovskii. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2205335.

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Szponar, Natalie, Claudia Vega, David Mclagan, Jacqueline Gerson, Emily Bernhardt, Carl Mitchell, Frank Wania, Luis Fernandez, and Bridget Bergquist. "Tracing Atmospheric Mercury in the Peruvian Amazon Using Hg Isotopes." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.2521.

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Zheng, Wang, Geoffrey J. Gilleaudeau, Linda C. Kah, and Ariel D. Anbar. "MERCURY STABLE ISOTOPES AS A NOVEL PROXY FOR PHOTIC ZONE EUXINIA." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-307848.

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6

Bouchet, Sylvain, Erik Björn, David Amouroux, Anne Soerensen, and Emmanuel Tessier. "Mercury cycling in the Baltic Sea: can stable isotopes help us ?" In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.5803.

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Zheng, Wang, Swapan Sahoo, Anwen Zhou, Yaqiu Zhao, and Yuanming Zhang. "Mercury Enrichment and Isotope Compositions in the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.3183.

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Malberti, Luisa, Christelle Lagane, Jeroen Sonke, and David Point. "Carbon and mercury stable isotope fractionation during aqueous MeHg photoreduction." In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.5799.

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Zhao, Yaqiu, and Wang Zheng. "Mercury stable isotope fractionation during aqueous photoreduction in sulfidic environment." In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.5965.

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Nason, Krystal, Natalie Szponar, Claudia Vega, Jacqueline Gerson, Emily Berhardt, Luis Fernandez, and Bridget Bergquist. "Identifying Sources of Mercury in Peruvian Amazon Aquatic Systems Using Hg Stable Isotopes." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.1894.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Isotopes du mercure":

1

Douglas, Thomas, and Joel Blum. Mercury isotopes reveal atmospheric gaseous mercury deposition directly to the Arctic coastal snowpack. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41046.

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Springtime atmospheric mercury depletion events (AMDEs) lead to snow with elevated mercury concentrations (>200 ng Hg/L) in the Arctic and Antarctic. During AMDEs gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) is photochemically oxidized by halogens to reactive gaseous mercury which is deposited to the snowpack. This reactive mercury is either photochemically reduced back to GEM and reemitted to the atmosphere or remains in the snowpack until spring snowmelt. GEM is also deposited to the snowpack and tundra vegetation by reactive surface uptake (dry deposition) from the atmosphere. There is little consensus on the proportion of AMDE-sourced Hg versus Hg from dry deposition that is released in spring runoff. We used mercury stable isotope measurements of GEM, snowfall, snowpack, snowmelt, surface water, vegetation, and peat from a northern Alaska coastal watershed to quantify Hg sources. Although high Hg concentrations are deposited to the snowpack during AMDEs, we estimate that ∼76 to 91% is released back to the atmosphere prior to snowmelt. Mercury deposited to the snowpack as GEM comprises the majority of snowmelt Hg and has a Hg stable isotope composition similar to Hg deposited by reactive surface uptake of GEM into the leaves of trees in temperate forests. This GEM-sourced Hg is the dominant Hg we measured in the spring snowpack and in tundra peat permafrost deposits.
2

Douglas, Thomas, Matthew Sturm, Joel Blum, Christopher Polashenski, Svetlana Stuefer, Christopher Hiemstra, Alexandra Steffen, Simon Filhol, and Romain Prevost. A pulse of mercury and major ions in snowmelt runoff from a small Arctic Alaska watershed. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41203.

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Atmospheric mercury (Hg) is deposited to Polar Regions during springtime atmospheric mercury depletion events (AMDEs) that require halogens and snow or ice surfaces. The fate of this Hg during and following snowmelt is largely unknown. We measured Hg, major ions, and stable water isotopes from the snowpack through the entire spring melt runoff period for two years. Our small (2.5 ha) watershed is near Barrow (now Utqiaġvik), Alaska. We measured discharge, made 10 000 snow depths, and collected over 100 samples of snow and meltwater for chemical analysis in 2008 and 2009 from the watershed snowpack and ephemeral stream channel. Our results suggest AMDE Hg complexed with Cl⁻ or Br⁻ may be less likely to be photochemically reduced and re-emitted to the atmosphere prior to snowmelt, and we estimate that roughly 25% of the Hg in snowmelt is attributable to AMDEs. Projected Arctic warming, with more open sea ice leads providing halogen sources that promote AMDEs, may provide enhanced Hg deposition, reduced Hg emission and, ultimately, an increase in snowpack and snowmelt runoff Hg concentrations.
3

Johnson, Thomas M. Final Project Report: "Exploratory Research: Mercury Stable Isotopes as Indicators of the Biogeochemical Cycling of Mercury". Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1047186.

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Blum, Joel D., Jason D. Demers, Baohua Gu, Feng He, and Wang Zheng. Isotopic Characterization of Biogeochemical Pools of Mercury and Determination of Reaction Pathways for Mercury Methylation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1239649.

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Geochemistry, geochronology, mineralogy, and geology suggest sources of and controls on mineral systems in the southern Toquima Range, Nye County, Nevada; with geochemistry maps of gold, silver, mercury, arsenic, antimony, zinc, copper, lead, molybdenum, bismuth, iron, titanium, vanadium, cobalt, beryllium, boron, fluorine, and sulfur; and with a section on lead associations, mineralogy and paragenesis, and isotopes. US Geological Survey, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/mf2327c.

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