Готові списки джерел за темами / M-degree

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "M-degree"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 12 травня 2022

Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями

Оберіть тип джерела:

Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "M-degree".

Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.

Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.

Статті в журналах з теми "M-degree":

Downey, R. G. "Recursively enumerable m- and tt-degrees. I: The quantity of m-degrees." Journal of Symbolic Logic 54, no. 2 (June 1989): 553–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2274869.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

In [1], Degtëv constructed a nonzero r.e. tt-degree containing a single r.e. m-degree. It is not difficult to construct an r.e. tt-degree containing infinitely many r.e. m-degrees (Fischer [6]); indeed, in [3], the author constructed an r.e. tt-degree with no greatest r.e. m-degree. Odifreddi [12, Problem 10] asked if every r.e. tt-degree contains either one or infinitely many r.e. m-degrees. The goal of this paper is to solve Odifreddi's question by showing:Theorem. There exists a nonzero r.e. tt-degree containing exactly 3 r.e. m-degrees.This theorem can be extended to show that there exist r.e. tt-degrees with arbitrarily large finite numbers of r.e. m-degrees.We remark that save for the aforementioned results, very little is known about the structures that can be realized as the collection of r.e. m-degrees within an r.e. tt-degree. It seems conceivable that the methods of the present paper may be useful in, for example, embedding distributive (semi) lattices into such structures.In part II of this paper [4], we continue our analysis of r.e. m- and tt-degrees. We define an r.e. tt-degree to be singular if it contains a single r.e. m-degree, and an r.e. T-degree a to be singular if a contains a singular r.e. tt-degree.In [4] we study the distribution (in the r.e. T-degrees) of singular tt-degrees. We show that 0′T is singular (solving a question of Odifreddi [11]), and that the singular T-degrees are dense, but also we construct a nonsingular T-degree. The techniques used for the first results extend those of §2 of the present paper.

Cintioli, Patrizio. "Degrees of sets having no subsets of higher m- and t t-degree." Computability 10, no. 3 (July 14, 2021): 235–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/com-200296.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

We consider sets without subsets of higher m- and t t-degree, that we call m-introimmune and t t-introimmune sets respectively. We study how they are distributed in partially ordered degree structures. We show that: each computably enumerable weak truth-table degree contains m-introimmune Π 1 0 -sets; each hyperimmune degree contains bi-m-introimmune sets. Finally, from known results we establish that each degree a with a ′ ⩾ 0 ″ covers a degree containing t t-introimmune sets.

Shustin, E. I. "A new M-curve of degree 8." Mathematical Notes of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR 42, no. 2 (August 1987): 606–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01240445.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Korchagin, A. B. "M-curves of degree 9: New prohibitions." Mathematical Notes of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR 39, no. 2 (February 1986): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01159900.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Fiedler-Le Touzé, Séverine. "M -curves of degree 9 with deep nests." Journal of the London Mathematical Society 79, no. 3 (March 27, 2009): 649–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/jlms/jdp010.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Faudree, Ralph J., Ronald J. Gould, Michael S. Jacobson, and Linda Lesniak. "Minimal Degree and (k, m)-Pancyclic Ordered Graphs." Graphs and Combinatorics 21, no. 2 (June 2005): 197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00373-005-0604-5.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Monikandan, S., and S. Sundar Raj. "Adversary degree associated reconstruction number of graphs." Discrete Mathematics, Algorithms and Applications 07, no. 01 (February 2, 2015): 1450069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793830914500694.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

A vertex-deleted subgraph of a graph G is called a card of G. A card of G with which the degree of the deleted vertex is also given is called a degree associated card or dacard of G. The adversary degree associated reconstruction number of a graph G, adrn (G), is the minimum number k such that every collection of k dacards of G uniquely determines G. We prove that adrn (G) = 1 + min {t+1, m-t} or 1 + min {t, m - t + 2} for a graph G obtained by subdividing t edges of K1, m. We also prove that if G is a nonempty disconnected graph whose components are cycles or complete graphs, then adrn (G) is 3 or 4, while, if G is a double star whose central vertices have degrees m + 1 and n + 1(m > n ≥ 2), then adrn (G) can be as large as n + 3.

SHIMOMURA, KATSUNORI. "On transformations which preserve poly-temperatures of degree m." Mathematical journal of Ibaraki University 33 (2001): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5036/mjiu.33.23.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Afzal, Farkhanda, Sabir Hussain, Deeba Afzal, and Sidra Razaq. "Some new degree based topological indices via M-polynomial." Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences 41, no. 4 (May 18, 2020): 1061–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02522667.2020.1744307.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Boden, Hans U. "Nontriviality of the $M$-degree of the $A$-polynomial." Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 142, no. 6 (March 4, 2014): 2173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9939-2014-11936-8.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "M-degree":

Nichterlein, André [Verfasser], Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Niedermeier, Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Müller-Hannemann, and Dimitrios M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Thilikos. "Degree-constrained editing of small-degree graphs / André Nichterlein. Gutachter: Rolf Niedermeier ; Matthias Müller-Hannemann ; Dimitrios M. Thilikos. Betreuer: Rolf Niedermeier." Berlin : Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1073584089/34.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Swan, Bonnie. "MIDDLE SCHOOL MATHEMATICS TEACHER CERTIFICATION, DEGREE LEVEL, AND EXPERIENCE, AND THE EFFECTS ON TEACHERATTRITION AND STUDENT M." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3630.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The purpose of this study was to examine the backgrounds and experiences of middle school mathematics teachers that often distinguish "quality" teachers, including certification, experience, degree type, and degree level and how those demographics and others vary for different types of schools. The emphasis was on profiling teachers in a large urban district by describing their basic features and distributions, as well as how middle school mathematics teachers, according to those differences, relate to student mathematics achievement, teacher attrition and teacher mobility. Student achievement was measured by test results from the Norm Reference Test-Normal Curve Equivalent (NRT-NCE) mathematics portion of the Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (FCAT) for two school years (2003-04 and 2004-05). A variety of analytic approaches and methods were used to examine how different teacher characteristics relate to teacher employment patterns and student achievement, including chi-square, Kruskal-Wallace, Mann-Whitney U, ANOVA, and t tests, together with simple descriptives and graphical analysis. Standard multiple regression was used to evaluate whether students' previous test scores and teacher- and school-level predictors could affect the results of students' mathematics achievement. A short survey was administered, which provided some insight to ascertain whether and why teachers choose among schools when seeking employment. A total of 282 teachers and 24,766 students were included for the final analysis. This research revealed high rates of teacher turnover and deficient numbers of well qualified mathematics teachers for this particular demographic. For example, one in three middle school mathematics teachers was in their first year, and over half (55%) had less than three years seniority. It was also apparent that, because of a shortage of well-qualified mathematics teachers, many new teachers were being hired out-of-field--of those first-year teachers, only about half had certification in their content area and most (67%) did not have a degree in mathematics or mathematics education. Middle schools in this district had lost 29% of the mathematics teacher workforce employed the previous year due to mathematics teacher attrition. Of those many resigned, some came back to teach another subject at the same or different middle school, and others transferred to high schools. An additional 5% transferred to other middle schools within the same district bringing the total turnover to 34%. Findings revealed no significant differences in turnover rates in high-poverty versus low-poverty schools, but there were significant differences in the proportions of movers, leavers, and stayers in schools according to whether or not a school was achieving high-standards in mathematics. Although inequities did exist in favor of schools with less at-risk students, in this district--for the most part--teachers were fairly distributed according to the "quality" of their backgrounds and experiences. The only significant gap was in that students in wealthier schools were more likely to have a mathematics teacher with a higher degree. This study also offers results that further understanding on the debate about which attributes of teachers are most likely to translate into effective-classroom performance. When analysis was performed at the student level, the findings revealed that students of middle school mathematics teachers with higher seniority, advanced degrees, or certification in the content area that they taught, performed significantly higher than students in other classrooms. Yet the magnitude of those differences was either modest or very small. When controlling for students' socio-economics status at the classroom level, differences were not significant for seniority or advanced degrees but the results were significant for certification.
Ph.D.
Department of Teaching and Learning Principles
Education
Education: Ph.D.

Mills, Samuel Edward Hampton. "Information in insurance markets : is more always better? : a research exercise forming the requirement for the degree of M. Com. at the University of Canterbury /." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Economics and Finance, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3227.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

In the classic Rothschild and Stiglitz (1976) model of insurance under adverse selection, it is assumed that insurance consumers are fully informed of their exact probability type, and the insurers are uninformed of the probability of accident of consumers. While it is certainly intuitive that insurance consumers should be better informed of their probability type, it is perhaps too much to assume that they are perfectly informed. In the present paper, we extend the RS model to incorporate asymmetry of information in favour of the insurance consumers over insurers, and also insurance consumers that are only partially informed of their exact type. We allow for an inter-temporal setting, in which insurance contracts maybe renewed for many periods, and in that case, information on probability types is revealed over time via Bayes' rule. Aside from other interesting results, we consider if how information gathering affects the efficiency of the model.

SILVA, Fabr?cio de Azevedo. "O m?todo da Falsa Posi??o: Uma alternativa para o ensino de resolu??o de problemas envolvendo equa??es do 1? grau." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2314.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-05-17T18:02:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Fabr?cio de Azevedo Silva.pdf: 2083796 bytes, checksum: d9a26681bab37d5289f5f06f93a62cc8 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-17T18:02:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Fabr?cio de Azevedo Silva.pdf: 2083796 bytes, checksum: d9a26681bab37d5289f5f06f93a62cc8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-31
CAPES
The main objective of this research is to see whether the false position method, used to solve some problems Rhind Papyrus, can be an alternative for solving problems that involve the 1st degree equations with one unknown for students from the 7th grade of elementary school. The Egyptians used this method and this is a way to find the solution of the problem by requiring an initial value, considered the false position, which should be adjusted immediately to obtain the correct value. As we noted not rare that this strategy is adopted by students nowadays, we believe this is a plausible alternative to the teaching content. To check the effectiveness of the method, We conducted a case study ? adopting a qualitative approach to analyze the data collected in search ? with a group of the 7th grade in a municipal school in Rio de Janeiro. We propose a sequence of three activities, applied in a single meeting, where after the resolution of problems by students, we began a discussion of what strategies adopted. After the resolution of the first activity, a problem taken from the Rhind Papyrus, during the period for the discussion of the problem, we show how the Egyptians resolved. We can see that a considerable amount of them identified with the method, by the way they decided later activities.
O principal objetivo desta pesquisa ? verificar se o m?todo da falsa posi??o, utilizado para resolver alguns problemas do Papiro de Rhind, pode ser uma alternativa para resolu??o de problemas que envolvem equa??es do 1? grau com uma inc?gnita para alunos do 7? ano do ensino fundamental. Esse m?todo era utilizado pelos eg?pcios e trata-se de um caminho para encontrar a solu??o do problema atrav?s da estipula??o de um valor inicial, considerado a falsa posi??o, que dever? ser ajustado imediatamente ap?s para se obter o valor correto. Como observamos n?o ser raro que essa estrat?gia seja adotada pelos discentes nos dias atuais, acreditamos ser essa uma alternativa plaus?vel para o ensino do conte?do. Para verificar a efic?cia do m?todo, realizamos um estudo de caso ? adotando uma abordagem qualitativa para analisar os dados recolhidos na pesquisa ? com uma turma do 7? ano em uma escola da rede municipal do Rio de Janeiro. Propomos uma sequ?ncia de tr?s atividades, aplicada em um ?nico encontro, onde ap?s a resolu??o dos problemas pelos discentes, inici?vamos uma discuss?o sobre quais estrat?gias adotaram. Ap?s a resolu??o da primeira atividade, um problema retirado do Papiro de Rhind, durante o per?odo destinado ? discuss?o do problema, mostramos como os eg?pcios o resolviam. Podemos perceber que uma quantidade consider?vel deles se identificou com o m?todo, pela forma como resolveram as atividades posteriores.

Silva, Ana. "Le nombre b-chromatique de quelques classes de graphes généralisant les arbres." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENM078.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Une coloration des sommets de G s'appelle une b-coloration si chaque classe de couleur contient au moins un sommet qui a un voisin dans toutes les autres classes de couleur. Le nombre b-chromatique b(G) de G est le plus grand entier k pour lequel G a une b-coloration avec k couleurs. Ces notions ont été introduites par Irving et Manlove en 1999. Elles permettent d'évaluer les performances de certains algorithmes de coloration. Irving et Manlove ont montré que le calcul du nombre b-chromatique d'un graphe est un problème NP-difficile et qu'il peut être résolu en temps polynomial pour les arbres. Une question qui se pose naturellement est donc d'enquêter sur les graphes qui ont une structure proche des arbres : cactus, graphes triangulés, graphes série-parallèles, "block" graphes, etc. Dans cette thèse, nous généralisons le résultat d'Irving et Manlove pour les cactus dont le "m-degré" est au moins 7 et pour les graphes planaires extérieurs dont la maille est au moins 8. (Le m-degré m(G) est le plus grand entier d tel que G a au moins d sommets de degré au moins d −1. ) Nous démontrons un résultat semblable pour le produit cartésien d'un arbre par une chaîne, un cycle ou une étoile. Pour ce qui concerne les graphes dont les blocs sont des cliques, nous montrons que le problème avec un nombre de couleurs fixé peut être résolu en temps polynomial et nous présentons des cas où le problème de décision peut être résolu. Toutefois, nous avons constaté que la différence m(G)−b(G) peut être arbitrairement grande pour les graphes blocs, ce qui montre qu'avoir une structure arborescence n'est pas suffisant pour que le graphe satisfasse b(G)>= m(G) − 1
Une coloration des sommets de G s'appelle une b-coloration si chaque classe de couleur contient au moins un sommet qui a un voisin dans toutes les autres classes de couleur. Le nombre b-chromatique b(G) de G est le plus grand entier k pour lequel G a une b-coloration avec k couleurs. Ces notions ont été introduites par Irving et Manlove en 1999. Elles permettent d'évaluer les performances de certains algorithmes de coloration. Irving et Manlove ont montré que le calcul du nombre b-chromatique d'un graphe est un problème NP-difficile et qu'il peut être résolu en temps polynomial pour les arbres. Une question qui se pose naturellement est donc d'enquêter sur les graphes qui ont une structure proche des arbres : cactus, graphes triangulés, graphes série-parallèles, "block" graphes, etc. Dans cette thèse, nous généralisons le résultat d'Irving et Manlove pour les cactus dont le "m-degré" est au moins 7 et pour les graphes planaires extérieurs dont la maille est au moins 8. (Le m-degré m(G) est le plus grand entier d tel que G a au moins d sommets de degré au moins d −1. ) Nous démontrons un résultat semblable pour le produit cartésien d'un arbre par une chaîne, un cycle ou une étoile. Pour ce qui concerne les graphes dont les blocs sont des cliques, nous montrons que le problème avec un nombre de couleurs fixé peut être résolu en temps polynomial et nous présentons des cas où le problème de décision peut être résolu. Toutefois, nous avons constaté que la différence m(G)−b(G) peut être arbitrairement grande pour les graphes blocs, ce qui montre qu'avoir une structure arborescence n'est pas suffisant pour que le graphe satisfasse b(G)>= m(G) − 1

Spearing, Robert. "A portfolio of compositions submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Musical Composition." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/865/.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Macedo, Elaine Souza de. "Uma sequencia did?tica para o ensino da resolu??o da equa??o do 2. grau : adequa??o para o uso com professores." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2011. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16077.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:04:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ElaineSM_DISSERT.pdf: 886598 bytes, checksum: 7ef8596ff5cd48451e6de3947c852c6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-18
The present study aims to check whether the use of activities mediated by the History of Mathematics can contribute to improve the understanding of resolution the 2nd degree equation for teachers and undergraduates that reproduce methods of solving such equations, uncritically, without domain of the justifications for their actions. For this, we adapted a didactic sequence with activities that aims to cause a rediscovery of resolutive formula of 2nd degree equation through the method known as cut and paste. Finally, we presented the activity module containing the didactic sequence used during the study, as suggestion for use in the classroom, by the math teacher
O presente estudo tem como objetivo verificar se o uso de atividades mediadas pela Hist?ria da Matem?tica pode contribuir para a melhoria da compreens?o da resolu??o da equa??o do 2? grau para professores e licenciandos que reproduzem m?todos de resolu??o de tais equa??es, de maneira acr?tica, sem o dom?nio das justificativas de suas a??es. Para isso, adaptamos uma sequ?ncia did?tica com atividades que tem como prop?sito fazer com que haja uma redescoberta da f?rmula resolutiva da equa??o do 2? grau atrav?s do m?todo denominado corte e cole. Por fim, apresentamos o m?dulo de atividades contendo a sequ?ncia did?tica utilizada durante o estudo, como sugest?o para uso em sala de aula, pelo professor de matem?tica

Adhikari, Dhruba R. "Applications of degree theories to nonlinear operator equations in Banach spaces." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002158.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Souza, Givanaldo Rocha de. "Uma abordagem por nuvem de part?culas para problemas de otimiza??o combinat?ria." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2006. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17970.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:47:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GivanaldoRS.pdf: 1524067 bytes, checksum: d73e18e4ae3a0bffab7711efc808bffa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-19
Combinatorial optimization problems have the goal of maximize or minimize functions defined over a finite domain. Metaheuristics are methods designed to find good solutions in this finite domain, sometimes the optimum solution, using a subordinated heuristic, which is modeled for each particular problem. This work presents algorithms based on particle swarm optimization (metaheuristic) applied to combinatorial optimization problems: the Traveling Salesman Problem and the Multicriteria Degree Constrained Minimum Spanning Tree Problem. The first problem optimizes only one objective, while the other problem deals with many objectives. In order to evaluate the performance of the algorithms proposed, they are compared, in terms of the quality of the solutions found, to other approaches
Os problemas de otimiza??o combinat?ria t?m como objetivo maximizar ou minimizar uma fun??o definida sobre um certo dom?nio finito. J? as metaheur?sticas s?o procedimentos destinados a encontrar uma boa solu??o, eventualmente a ?tima, consistindo na aplica??o de uma heur?stica subordinada, a qual tem que ser modelada para cada problema espec?fico. Este trabalho apresenta algoritmos baseados na t?cnica de otimiza??o por nuvem de part?culas (metaheur?stica) para dois problemas de otimiza??o combinat?ria: o Problema do Caixeiro Viajante e o Problema da ?rvore Geradora M?nima Restrita em Grau Multicrit?rio. O primeiro ? um problema em que apenas um objetivo ? otimizado, enquanto o segundo ? um problema que deve lidar com m?ltiplos objetivos. Os algoritmos propostos s?o comparados a outras abordagens para o mesmo problema em quest?o, em termos de qualidade de solu??o, a fim de verificar a efici?ncia desses algoritmos

Caroni, Ana Luiza Porpino Fernandes. "Estudos de adsor??o de tetraciclina em part?culas de quitosana." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17701.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:42:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaLPFC.pdf: 1922699 bytes, checksum: c82e91dbc8eb0d49eecb97284bc06938 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-14
Due to its physico-chemical and biological properties, related to the abundance and low cost of raw material, chitosan has been recognized as a material of wide application in various fields, such as in drug delivery systems. Many of these properties are associated with the presence of amino groups in its polymer chain. A proper determination of these amino groups is very important, in order to properly specify if a given chitosan sample can be used in a particular application. Thus, in this work, initially, a comparison between the determination of the deacetylation degree by conductometry and elemental analysis was carried out using a detailed analysis of error propagation. It was shown that the conductometric analysis resulted in a simple and safe method for the determining the degree of deacetylation of chitosan. Subsequently, experiments were performed to monitor and characterize the adsorption of tetracycline on chitosan particles through kinetic and equilibrium studies. The main models of kinetics and adsorption isotherms, widely used to describe the adsorption on wastewater treatment systems and the drug loading, were used to treat the experimental data. Firstly, it was shown that an apparent linear t/q(t) ? t relationship did not imply in a pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics, differently of what has been repeatedly reported in the literature. It was found that this misinterpretation can be avoided by using non-linear regression. Finally, the adsorption of tetracycline on chitosan particles was analyzed using insights obtained from theoretical analysis, and the parameters generated were used to analyze the kinetics of adsorption, the isotherm of adsorption and to ropose a mechanism of adsorption
Devido ?s suas propriedades f?sico-qu?micas e biol?gicas, associadas ? abund?ncia e ao baixo custo da mat?ria-prima, a quitosana tem sido considerada um material de ampla aplica??o em diversos campos, tais como em sistemas de libera??o de f?rmacos. Muitas dessas propriedades est?o associadas ? presen?a de grupos amino em sua cadeia polim?rica. Uma determina??o apropriada desses grupos amino ? muito importante, com o objetivo de especificar adequadamente se uma dada amostra de quitosana pode ser usada em uma particular aplica??o. Dessa forma, neste trabalho, inicialmente, foi realizada uma compara??o entre a determina??o do grau m?dio de desacetila??o atrav?s de an?lises condutim?trica e elementar usando uma minuciosa an?lise de propaga??o erro. Foi mostrado que a an?lise condutim?trica resultou em um m?todo simples e seguro para determina??o do grau m?dio de desacetila??o da quitosana. Posteriormente, foram realizados experimentos a fim de monitorar e caracterizar o processo de adsor??o de tetraciclina em part?culas de quitosana, atrav?s de estudos cin?ticos e de equil?brio. Os principais modelos cin?ticos e de isotermas de adsor??o, amplamente usados para descrever a adsor??o em sistemas de tratamento de efluentes e de incorpora??o de f?rmacos, foram utilizados nos dados experimentais. Primeiramente, foi mostrado que uma aparente rela??o linear t/q(t) ? t n?o implica em um mecanismo de adsor??o de pseudo-segunda-ordem, diferentemente do que tem sido repetitivamente relatado na literatura. Foi encontrado que esta interpreta??o err?nea pode ser evitada atrav?s do uso de uma regress?o n?o-linear. Finalmente, a adsor??o de tetraciclina em part?culas de quitosana foi analisada, utilizando os conhecimentos obtidos de uma an?lise te?rica, e os par?metros gerados foram usados para analisar a cin?tica de adsor??o, a isoterma de adsor??o e para propor um mecanismo de adsor??o

Більше джерел

Книги з теми "M-degree":

Department of Education & Science. The Polytechnic of Huddersfield Higher Education Corporation: BA/BA (Honours) business studies degree course : a report by H M Inspectorate. Stanmore: DES, 1990.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Great Britain. Department for Education. Her Majesty's Inspectorate. King Alfred's College of Higher Education: BA (Hons) degree in Drama, Theatre and Television Studies : a report by H M Inspectorate. Stanmore: DFE, 1992.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Seshadri, S. N. Evaluation of LDA 3-component velocity data on a 65 [degree] delta wing at M=0.85 and first results of an analysis. Koln: DFVLR, 1989.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Great Britain. Department for Education. Her Majesty's Inspectorate. Anglia Polytechnic (now Anglia Polytechnic University): Degree courses in Housing, Building Surveying, General Practice Surveying and Quantity Surveying : a report by H M Inspectorate. Stanmore: DFE, 1992.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Corwin, Harold G. Southern galaxy catalogue: A catalogue of 5481 galaxies south of declination -17 degrees found on 1.2-m U.K. Schmidt IIIa-J plates. Austin: Dept. of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin, 1985.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Lifanov, Konstantin. The inflection of the Slovak literary language. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1046272.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The monograph is devoted to a full description of inflection in the Slovak literary language in accordance with the latest changes in the codification, reflected in the "Rules of the Slovak orthography" 2013 Consistently discusses the declination of nouns, adjectives, numerals, pronouns, the formation of degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs, and the conjugation of verbs in present, future, past and pluperfect tenses. Types of declension and conjugation are seen primarily in paradigms allocated in the Slovak linguistics, but also additionally provides word paradigms, with some deviations from the basic paradigms. Detail of a doublet form, and their status, including those identified on the basis of national corpus of the Slovak language. Written in accordance with the program on the grammar of the Slovak language, adopted at the philological faculty of Moscow state University named after M. V. Lomonosov. Designed for students of Slovak as the main language or second foreign language, optional or yourself, for Slavists wide profile and also for owning Slovak language adjustments knowledge of Slovak grammar, in accordance as amended by the latest changes.

D, Clair Lasater Ph. Two Christian Graduate Degree Theses -- M. A.; Ph. D. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2018.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Reed, Anthony R. The S M A R T Degree: The Young Professional's Guide to Reality. Cenmar Pubns, 1989.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Das, Koushik. Political Science Handbook: Suggestion for B. a and M. a Entrance and Degree Competitive Exam, PSC Exam. Independently Published, 2020.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Great Britain. Department of Education and Science., ed. Report by HM Inspectors on Liverpool Polytechnic: The degree of master of engineering (M. Eng) in mechanical engineering. [s.l.]: Department of Education and Science, 1989.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Більше джерел

Частини книг з теми "M-degree":

Shustin, E. I. "New M- and (M-1)-curves of degree 8." In Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 487–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0082789.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Chedid, Fouad B. "A Group Quorum System of Degree $1+\sqrt{1+\frac{n}{m}}$." In Distributed Computing and Networking, 70–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11947950_8.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Howe, Roger. "The Invariants of Degree up to 6 of all n-ary m-ics." In Lie Theory and Geometry, 335–48. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0261-5_12.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Rai, Shikha, and Shibsankar Das. "M-polynomial and Degree-Based Topological Indices of Subdivided Chain Hex-Derived Network of Type 3." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 410–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96040-7_33.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Odifreddi, Piergiorgio. "The structure of m-degrees." In Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 315–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0076227.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Downey, Rod, and Noam Greenberg. "Totally < ω ω Computably Enumerable and m-topped Degrees." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 46–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11750321_3.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Yeh, Jenny Yuan-Chun, Chen-Mou Cheng, and Bo-Yin Yang. "Operating Degrees for XL vs. F4/F5 for Generic $\mathcal{M}Q$ with Number of Equations Linear in That of Variables." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 19–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-42001-6_3.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Downey, Rod, and Noam Greenberg. "m-topped degrees." In A Hierarchy of Turing Degrees, 134–48. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691199665.003.0006.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

This chapter assesses m-topped degrees. The notion of m-topped degrees comes from a general study of the interaction between Turing reducibility and stronger reducibilities among c.e. sets. For example, this study includes the contiguous degrees. A c.e. Turing degree d is m-topped if it contains a greatest degree among the many one degrees of c.e. sets in d. Such degrees were constructed in Downey and Jockusch. The dynamics of the cascading phenomenon occurring in the construction of m-topped degrees strongly resemble the dynamics of the embedding of the 1–3–1 lattice in the c.e. degrees. Similar dynamics occurred in the original construction of a noncomputable left–c.e. real with only computable presentations, which was discussed in the previous chapter.

"Special Metadynes of Degree m = 4." In Metadyne Statics. The MIT Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/4563.003.0019.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

"Some Transformer Metadynes of Degree m = 4." In Metadyne Statics. The MIT Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/4563.003.0015.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "M-degree":

Melikyan, Argishti, Noriaki Kaneda, Kwangwoong Kim, and Po Dong. "Inter-Polarization 180-Degree Mixer for Reception of M-ASK Signals." In 2018 European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2018.8535341.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Rodriguez, Virginia Gutierrez, Isabel Sanchez Berriel, Jose Luis Roda Garcia, Luz Marina Moreno de Antonio, and Concepcion Riera Quintana. "M-learning project and M-EANor: Two teaching projects from the Degree in Computer Science and Engineering." In 2014 XI Tecnologias Aplicadas a la Ensenanza de la Electronica (Technologies Applied to Electronics Teaching) (TAEE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taee.2014.6900170.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Nasu, Hiroaki, Yasuyuki Nogami, Yoshitaka Morikawa, Shigeki Kobayashi, and Tatsuo Sugimura. "Systematic Generation of An Irreducible Polynomial of an Arbitrary Degree m over Fp Such That p ≫ m." In 2008 Third International Conference on Convergence and Hybrid Information Technology (ICCIT). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccit.2008.171.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Yanou, Akira, and Mingcong Deng. "Two degree-of-freedom of self-tuning GPC for m-input m-output systems by using a genetic algorithm." In 2010 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icma.2010.5588745.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Zong, Liangjia, Han Zhao, Zhiyong Feng, and Yunfei Yan. "Low-cost, Degree-expandable and Contention-free ROADM Architecture Based on M × N WSS." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2016.m3e.3.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Jiang, Hua. "Fuzzy Evaluation on Software Maintainability Based on Membership Degree Transformation New Algorithm M(1,2,3)." In 2009 International Conference on Business Intelligence and Financial Engineering (BIFE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bife.2009.28.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Suzuki, Taizo, Masaaki Ikehara, and Truong Q. Nguyen. "Block-lifting factorization of M-channel biorthogonal filter banks with an arbitrary McMillan degree." In 2011 18th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icip.2011.6116158.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Yanou, Akira, Akira Inoue, Mingcong Deng, and Shiro Masuda. "An Extension of Two Degree-of-Freedom of Generalized Predictive Control for M-input M-output Systems Based on State Space Approach." In Second International Conference on Innovative Computing, Informatio and Control (ICICIC 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicic.2007.142.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Zhao, Jing, and Pengfei Guo. "Fuzzy Evaluation on Campus Network Security Based on Membership Degree Transformation New Algorithm--M(1,2,3)." In 2009 Second International Workshop on Computer Science and Engineering. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcse.2009.651.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Jiang, Hua. "Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation on Digital Libraries Based on Membership Degree Transformation New Algorithm-M(1,2,3)." In Second International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security, ISECS 2009. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isecs.2009.245.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Звіти організацій з теми "M-degree":

Levisohn, Sharon, Mark Jackwood, and Stanley Kleven. New Approaches for Detection of Mycoplasma iowae Infection in Turkeys. United States Department of Agriculture, February 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7612834.bard.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Mycoplasma iowae (Mi) is a pathogenic avian mycoplasma which causes mortality in turkey embryos and as such has clinical and economic significance for the turkey breeder industry. Control of Mi infection is severely hampered by lack of adequate diagnostic tests, together with resistance to most antibiotics and resilience to environment. A markedly high degree of intra-species antigenic variation also contributes to difficulties in detection and control of infection. In this project we have designed an innovative gene-based diagnostic test based on specific amplification of the 16S rRNA gene of Mi. This reaction, designed Multi-species PCR-RFLP test, also amplifies the DNA of the pathogenic avian mycoplasmas M. gallisepticum (Mg) and M. synoviae (Ms). This test detects DNA equivalent to about 300 cfu Mi or either of the other two target mycoplasmas, individually or in mixed infection. It is a quick test, applicable to a wide variety of clinical samples, such as allantoic fluid or tracheal or cloacal swab suspensions. Differential diagnosis is carried out by gel electro-phoresis of the PCR amplicon digested with selected restriction enzymes (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism). This can also be readily accomplished by using a simple Dot-Blot hybridization assay with digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probes reacting specifically with unique Mi, Mg or Ms sequences in the PCR amplicon. The PCR/OLIGO test increased sensitivity by at least 10-fold with a capacity for rapid testing of large numbers of samples. Experimental infection trials were carried out to evaluate the diagnostic tools and to study pathogenesis of Mi infection. Field studies and experimental infection of embryonated eggs indicated both synergistic and competitive interaction of mycoplasma pathogens in mixed infection. The value of the PCR diagnostic tests for following the time course of egg transmission was shown. A workable serological test (Dot Immunobinding Assay) was also developed but there was no clear-cut evidence that infected turkeys develop an immune response. Typing of a wide spectrum of Mi field isolates by a variety of gene-based molecular techniques indicated a higher degree of genetic homogeneity than predicted on the basis of the phenotypic variability. All known strains of Mi were detected by the method developed. Together with an M. meleagridis-PCR test based on the same gene, the Multi-species PCR test is a highly valuable tool for diagnosis of pathogenic mycoplasmas in single or mixed infection. The further application of this rapid and specific test as a part of Mi and overall mycoplasma control programs will be dependent on developments in the turkey industry.

Dredge, L. A. Reconnaissance surficial geology, Joe Lake north, Nunavut, NTS 66-J north. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329417.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The northwest part of the Joe Lake North map area is dominated by glaciated granitic and gneissic bedrock, and small lake basins. The remainder of the area is gently rolling terrain consisting of a major north-trending drumlin field, four esker systems, and marine deposits that lie between the drumlins. Postglacial marine deposits occupy much of the terrain in the north part of the map area. The limit of postglacial marine submergence is at about 180 m a.s.l. in the southwest, and at about 170 m elsewhere, as determined by wave-washed trimlines on drumlins, and several ice-contact deltas on eskers. Well formed beaches are rare, but drumlins have been reworked to varying degrees. Those at higher elevations in the south have been only slightly modified by postglacial seas, whereas those at lower elevations in the north are covered by a veneer of marine deposits.

Ray, Laura, Madeleine Jordan, Steven Arcone, Lynn Kaluzienski, Benjamin Walker, Peter Ortquist Koons, James Lever, and Gordon Hamilton. Velocity field in the McMurdo shear zone from annual ground penetrating radar imaging and crevasse matching. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42623.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The McMurdo shear zone (MSZ) is strip of heavily crevassed ice oriented in the south-north direction and moving northward. Previous airborne surveys revealed a chaotic crevasse structure superimposed on a set of expected crevasse orientations at 45 degrees to the south-north flow (due to shear stress mechanisms). The dynamics that produced this chaotic structure are poorly understood. Our purpose is to present our field methodology and provide field data that will enable validation of models of the MSZ evolution, and here, we present a method for deriving a local velocity field from ground penetrating radar (GPR) data towards that end. Maps of near-surface crevasses were derived from two annual GPR surveys of a 28 km² region of the MSZ using Eulerian sampling. Our robot-towed and GPS navigated GPR enabled a dense survey grid, with transects of the shear zone at 50 m spacing. Each survey comprised multiple crossings of long (> 1 km) crevasses that appear in echelon on the western and eastern boundaries of the shear zone, as well as two or more crossings of shorter crevasses in the more chaotic zone between the western and eastern boundaries. From these maps, we derived a local velocity field based on the year-to-year movement of the same crevasses. Our velocity field varies significantly from fields previously established using remote sensing and provides more detail than one concurrently derived from a 29-station GPS network. Rather than a simple velocity gradient expected for crevasses oriented approximately 45 degrees to flow direction, we find constant velocity contours oriented diagonally across the shear zone with a wavy fine structure. Although our survey is based on near-surface crevasses, similar crevassing found in marine ice at 160 m depth leads us to conclude that this surface velocity field may hold through the body of meteoric and marine ice. Our success with robot-towed GPR with GPS navigation suggests we may greatly increase our survey areas.

Peitz, David, and Naomi Reibold. Bird community monitoring at Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield, Missouri: Status report 2008–2020. Edited by Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287875.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Breeding bird surveys were initiated on Wilson’s Creek National Monument, Missouri, in 2008 to assess temporal changes in the species composition and abundance of birds on the park and to improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions, such as invasive plant species control and tree thinning, on bird populations. Birds were sampled using point counts with 38 variable circular plots located on a systematic grid of 400 x 400-m cells (originating from a random start point). All birds seen or heard on a plot during a 5-min sampling period were recorded. In the 13 years since initiating our breeding bird survey, birds were surveyed on as many of the 38 variable circular plots as possible each year, resulting in 444 cumulative plot visits. Surveys have yielded records for 119 different species of birds. Ninety-eight of the species recorded are classified as permanent or summer residents to the area, 18 are classified as transients in the area, and 3 as winter residents to the area. Eight breeding species recorded are considered species of conservation concern for the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region, the bird conservation region in which Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield is located. Of the 98 breeding species recorded, 12 species in grassland habitat and 15 in woodland habitat occurred in numbers large enough to calculate annual abundances with some degree of confidence. Trends in abundance were classified as uncertain for most species, which means that no significant increases or decreases occurred but it is not certain that trends were <5% per year. The Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea) population in grassland habitat was stable. The Eastern Towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) and Eastern Wood-pewee (Contopus virens) populations in woodland habitat were in moderate decline. Comparing population trends on the park with regional trends for the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region suggests that the bird community at Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield is faring similarly to that of the region as a whole. Stable diversity, richness, and evenness values suggest that the park’s habitat has remained consistent in its ability to meet the requirements of many of the park’s breeding bird species. Any decline in species richness could reflect habitat management practices, but it could also reflect the influences of larger-scale factors such as weather or climatic conditions on vegetation. Therefore, continued monitoring of birds and their habitats on Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield as management and weather and climatic conditions change is essential for park management.

Levisohn, Sharon, Maricarmen Garcia, David Yogev, and Stanley Kleven. Targeted Molecular Typing of Pathogenic Avian Mycoplasmas. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7695853.bard.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Intraspecies identification (DNA "fingerprinting") of pathogenic avian mycoplasmas is a powerful tool for epidemiological studies and monitoring strain identity. However the only widely method available for Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and M. synoviae (MS)wasrandom amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). This project aimed to develop alternative and supplementary typing methods that will overcome the major constraints of RAPD, such as the need for isolation of the organism in pure culture and the lack of reproducibility intrinsic in the method. Our strategy focussed on recognition of molecular markers enabling identification of MG and MS vaccine strains and, by extension, pathogenic potential of field isolates. Our first aim was to develop PCR-based systems which will allow amplification of specific targeted genes directly from clinical material. For this purpose we evaluated the degree of intraspecies heterogeneity in genes encoding variable surface antigens uniquely found in MG all of which are putative pathogenicity factors. Phylogenic analysis of targeted sequences of selected genes (pvpA, gapA, mgc2, and lp) was employed to determine the relationship among MG strains.. This method, designated gene targeted sequencing (GTS), was successfully employed to identify strains and to establish epidemiologically-linked strain clusters. Diagnostic PCR tests were designed and validated for each of the target genes, allowing amplification of specific nucleotide sequences from clinical samples. An mgc2-PCR-RFLP test was designed for rapid differential diagnosis of MG vaccine strains in Israel. Addressing other project goals, we used transposon mutagenesis and in vivo and in vitro models for pathogenicity to correlated specific changes in target genes with biological properties that may impact the course of infection. An innovative method for specific detection and typing of MS strains was based on the hemagglutinin-encoding gene vlhA, uniquely found in this species. In parallel, we evaluated the application of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) in avian mycoplasmas. AFLP is a highly discriminatory method that scans the entire genome using infrequent restriction site PCR. As a first step the method was found to be highly correlated with other DNA typing methods for MG species and strain differentiation. The method is highly reproducible and relatively rapid, although it is necessary to isolate the strain to be tested. Both AFLP and GTS are readily to amenable to computer-assisted analysis of similarity and construction of a data-base resource. The availability of improved and diverse tools will help realize the full potential of molecular typing of avian mycoplasmas as an integral and essential part of mycoplasma control programs.

Peitz, David, and Naomi Reibold. Bird community monitoring at George Washington Carver National Monu-ment, Missouri: Status report 2008–2020. Edited by Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287852.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Breeding bird surveys were initiated on George Washington Carver National Monument, Missouri, in 2008 to assess temporal changes in the species composition and abundance of birds on the park and to improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions, such as invasive plant species control and tree thinning, on bird populations. Birds were sampled using point counts with 70 variable circular plots located on a systematic grid of 100 x 100-m cells (originating from a random start point). All birds seen or heard on a plot during a 5-min sampling period were recorded. In the 13 years since initiating our breeding bird surveys on the park, birds were surveyed on as many of the 70 variable circular plots as possible each year, resulting in 520 cumulative plot visits. Surveys have yielded records for 100 different species of birds. Ninety-seven of the species recorded are classified as permanent or summer residents to the area, two are classified as transients in the area, and one as a winter resident to the area. Six breeding species recorded are considered species of conservation concern for the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region, the bird conservation region in which George Washington Carver National Monument is located. Of the 97 breeding species recorded, ten species in grassland habitat and six in woodland habitat occurred in numbers large enough to calculate annual abundances with some degree of confidence. Trends in abundance were classified as uncertain for most species, which means that there were no significant increases or decreases, but it is not certain that trends were < 5% per year. The Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) in woodland habitat was stable. The Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella magna) in grassland habitat was in moderate decline, and the Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) in grassland habitat was in steep decline. Comparing population trends (i.e., changes in population size over time) on the park with regional trends for the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region suggests that the bird community at George Washington Carver National Monument is faring similarly to that of the region as a whole. Trends in the park’s popula-tions of Field Sparrow (Spizella pusilla) and Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea) in grassland habitat and Carolina Wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus) in woodland habitat were uncertain, whereas they declined significantly in the larger region, which could be a result of management on George Washington Carver National Monument. Red-bellied Woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus) population trends, while uncertain in grassland habitat on the park, increased significantly in the region. The Red-bellied Woodpecker utilizes trees for foraging, which are sparse in the grassland habitat on the park. Declining diversity and richness values suggest that park habitat is declining in its ability to meet the requirements of many of the park’s breeding bird species. This decline in species richness could reflect habitat management practices, but it could also reflect the influences of larger-scale factors such as weather or climatic conditions on vegetation. Therefore, continued monitoring of birds and their habitats on George Washington Carver National Monument as management and weather and climatic conditions change is essential for park management.

MacFarlane, Andrew. 2021 medical student essay prize winner - A case of grief. Society for Academic Primary Care, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37361/medstudessay.2021.1.1.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

As a student undertaking a Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship (LIC)1 based in a GP practice in a rural community in the North of Scotland, I have been lucky to be given responsibility and my own clinic lists. Every day I conduct consultations that change my practice: the challenge of clinically applying the theory I have studied, controlling a consultation and efficiently exploring a patient's problems, empathising with and empowering them to play a part in their own care2 – and most difficult I feel – dealing with the vast amount of uncertainty that medicine, and particularly primary care, presents to both clinician and patient. I initially consulted with a lady in her 60s who attended with her husband, complaining of severe lower back pain who was very difficult to assess due to her pain level. Her husband was understandably concerned about the degree of pain she was in. After assessment and discussion with one of the GPs, we agreed some pain relief and a physio assessment in the next few days would be a practical plan. The patient had one red flag, some leg weakness and numbness, which was her ‘normal’ on account of her multiple sclerosis. At the physio assessment a few days later, the physio felt things were worse and some urgent bloods were ordered, unfortunately finding raised cancer and inflammatory markers. A CT scan of the lung found widespread cancer, a later CT of the head after some developing some acute confusion found brain metastases, and a week and a half after presenting to me, the patient sadly died in hospital. While that was all impactful enough on me, it was the follow-up appointment with the husband who attended on the last triage slot of the evening two weeks later that I found completely altered my understanding of grief and the mourning of a loved one. The husband had asked to speak to a Andrew MacFarlane Year 3 ScotGEM Medical Student 2 doctor just to talk about what had happened to his wife. The GP decided that it would be better if he came into the practice - strictly he probably should have been consulted with over the phone due to coronavirus restrictions - but he was asked what he would prefer and he opted to come in. I sat in on the consultation, I had been helping with any examinations the triage doctor needed and I recognised that this was the husband of the lady I had seen a few weeks earlier. He came in and sat down, head lowered, hands fiddling with the zip on his jacket, trying to find what to say. The GP sat, turned so that they were opposite each other with no desk between them - I was seated off to the side, an onlooker, but acknowledged by the patient with a kind nod when he entered the room. The GP asked gently, “How are you doing?” and roughly 30 seconds passed (a long time in a conversation) before the patient spoke. “I just really miss her…” he whispered with great effort, “I don’t understand how this all happened.” Over the next 45 minutes, he spoke about his wife, how much pain she had been in, the rapid deterioration he witnessed, the cancer being found, and cruelly how she had passed away after he had gone home to get some rest after being by her bedside all day in the hospital. He talked about how they had met, how much he missed her, how empty the house felt without her, and asking himself and us how he was meant to move forward with his life. He had a lot of questions for us, and for himself. Had we missed anything – had he missed anything? The GP really just listened for almost the whole consultation, speaking to him gently, reassuring him that this wasn’t his or anyone’s fault. She stated that this was an awful time for him and that what he was feeling was entirely normal and something we will all universally go through. She emphasised that while it wasn’t helpful at the moment, that things would get better over time.3 He was really glad I was there – having shared a consultation with his wife and I – he thanked me emphatically even though I felt like I hadn’t really helped at all. After some tears, frequent moments of silence and a lot of questions, he left having gotten a lot off his chest. “You just have to listen to people, be there for them as they go through things, and answer their questions as best you can” urged my GP as we discussed the case when the patient left. Almost all family caregivers contact their GP with regards to grief and this consultation really made me realise how important an aspect of my practice it will be in the future.4 It has also made me reflect on the emphasis on undergraduate teaching around ‘breaking bad news’ to patients, but nothing taught about when patients are in the process of grieving further down the line.5 The skill Andrew MacFarlane Year 3 ScotGEM Medical Student 3 required to manage a grieving patient is not one limited to general practice. Patients may grieve the loss of function from acute trauma through to chronic illness in all specialties of medicine - in addition to ‘traditional’ grief from loss of family or friends.6 There wasn’t anything ‘medical’ in the consultation, but I came away from it with a real sense of purpose as to why this career is such a privilege. We look after patients so they can spend as much quality time as they are given with their loved ones, and their loved ones are the ones we care for after they are gone. We as doctors are the constant, and we have to meet patients with compassion at their most difficult times – because it is as much a part of the job as the knowledge and the science – and it is the part of us that patients will remember long after they leave our clinic room. Word Count: 993 words References 1. ScotGEM MBChB - Subjects - University of St Andrews [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 27]. Available from: https://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/subjects/medicine/scotgem-mbchb/ 2. Shared decision making in realistic medicine: what works - gov.scot [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 27]. Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/works-support-promote-shared-decisionmaking-synthesis-recent-evidence/pages/1/ 3. Ghesquiere AR, Patel SR, Kaplan DB, Bruce ML. Primary care providers’ bereavement care practices: Recommendations for research directions. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2014 Dec;29(12):1221–9. 4. Nielsen MK, Christensen K, Neergaard MA, Bidstrup PE, Guldin M-B. Grief symptoms and primary care use: a prospective study of family caregivers. BJGP Open [Internet]. 2020 Aug 1 [cited 2021 Mar 27];4(3). Available from: https://bjgpopen.org/content/4/3/bjgpopen20X101063 5. O’Connor M, Breen LJ. General Practitioners’ experiences of bereavement care and their educational support needs: a qualitative study. BMC Medical Education. 2014 Mar 27;14(1):59. 6. Sikstrom L, Saikaly R, Ferguson G, Mosher PJ, Bonato S, Soklaridis S. Being there: A scoping review of grief support training in medical education. PLOS ONE. 2019 Nov 27;14(11):e0224325.