Готові списки джерел за темами / Mucus plugs

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Mucus plugs"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 13 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Mucus plugs":

1

Coco, Danilo, and Silvana Leanza. "Pleural Effusion or Main Left Bronchus Mucus Obstruction: To Drain or Not to Drain? Decision-Making for Young Surgeon on Call." Case Reports in Radiology 2018 (2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3180575.

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Mucous plugs occur in a number of pulmonary conditions. Central right or left bronchus mucus plug causes complete pulmonary collapse making it an emergency life-threatening case. We describe the case of an 80-year-old man that, in postoperative period after a urological intervention, has had a progressive tachypnea and dyspnea during hospitalization for urological problems. Young surgeon on call was called.
2

Huang, Lizhen, Xia Huang, Wujiang Jiang, Rong Zhang, Yongdong Yan, and Li Huang. "Independent predictors for longer radiographic resolution in patients with refractoryMycoplasma pneumoniaepneumonia: a prospective cohort study." BMJ Open 8, no. 12 (December 2018): e023719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023719.

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ObjectivesTo examine prospectively the radiographic clearance of refractoryMycoplasma pneumoniaepneumonia (RMPP) in immunocompetent children, and to identify independent predictors of time to complete radiographic resolution in patients with RMPP.DesignA prospective cohort study.SettingChildren’s Hospital of Soochow University, China.ParticipantsA total of 187 patients with RMPP treated with bronchoscopy were prospectively enrolled in the study between January 2012 and December 2015.MethodsSerial chest radiographs were obtained after discharge every 4 weeks up to a maximum of 24 weeks after diagnosis or until large infiltration on chest radiographs had resolved. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors of time to complete radiographic resolution.ResultsOf the 187 patients with RMPP, bronchial mucus plug formation was detected in 73 (39.0%). C reactive protein (CRP) ≥50 mg/L, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ≥480 U/L, total fever duration ≥10 days and presence of mucus plugs were associated with longer time to radiographic clearance (all p<0.01). Compared with children without mucus plugs, those with mucus plugs were significantly more likely to have longer time to radiographic clearance (adjusted OR: 11.5; 95% CI 2.5 to 45.7; p<0.01).ConclusionClinicians might use duration of fever, CRP, LDH and presence of mucus plugs as parameters to identify children at a longer time to radiographic clearance in patients with RMPP.
3

Pillai, Krishna, Javed Akhter, and David L. Morris. "Assessment of a novel mucolytic solution for dissolving mucus in pseudomyxoma peritonei: an ex vivo and in vitro study." Pleura and Peritoneum 2, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pp-2017-0013.

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AbstractBackgroundPseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is difficult to treat. Intraperitoneal delivery of mucolytic solutions might potentially improve therapy, in addition to surgical cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.MethodsComparison of mucolytic effect of two formulations (control: bromelain 300 µg/mL+N-Acetylcystein 250 mM; test: bromelain 200 µg/mL+200 mM cysteamine) in vitro on a mucin producing cell lines (HT29) and ex vivo on mucus obtained from 18 PMP patients. Mucin plugs were classified according to their density into three categories: hard, semi hard and soft. Simulation of peritoneal washing ex vivo using a closed heated circulating pump.ResultsSolubilisation was faster with the test vs. the control formulation (90 vs. 180 min) for dissolving the soft mucin plugs (p < 0.05). The test solution was also more effective in dissolving the hard mucus plugs compared to control (82.5±2.74 % vs. 36.33±3.27 %). All mucin types disintegrated in simulated peritoneal washing. Cytotoxicity of the test solution on HT29 cell line was time-dependent.ConclusionsThe test formulation is more effective and faster than the control formulation in dissolving mucus plugs of various densities. Mucus plugs were all solubilised after 40 min in simulated peritoneal washing. This novel mucolytic formulation might pave the way for an effective and less invasive therapy of PMP in the future.
4

Bolliger, C. T., and A. P. Perruchouo. "Transient unilateral hyperlucent lung due to mucus plugs." Intensive Care Medicine 17, no. 2 (February 1991): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01691436.

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5

Yang, Zhenyu, Lu Qin, Jinhan Qiao, Chongsheng Cheng, Yiwen Liu, Shengding Zhang, Xiaoyu Fang, et al. "Novel imaging phenotypes of naïve asthma patients with distinctive clinical characteristics and T2 inflammation traits." Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease 13 (January 2022): 204062232210848. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20406223221084831.

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Objective: This study aims to describe the imaging features of naïve asthma patients, defined as not receiving corticosteroids or other asthma medications for at least 1 month, and their association with therapeutic response, and to discover novel unbiased imaging phenotypes. Methods: A total of 109 naïve asthma patients and 50 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Clinical data and imaging indices of high-resolution computed tomography were collected. The correlation between imaging indices and clinical features was analyzed. Cluster analyses were adopted to determine three novel imaging phenotypes. Results: Compared with healthy controls, naïve asthma patients presented higher scores of airway remodeling, bronchiectasis, and mucus plugs. Mean airway wall area (WA)% was inversely correlated with mid-expiratory flow velocity% predicted. The extent score of bronchiectasis was positively correlated with smoking history and significantly increased in the high mucus group. Mucus plugs were related to improving lung function and type 2 (T2) inflammation, as assessed by sputum and blood eosinophils and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide. Cluster 1 patients had a high proportion of emphysema, the best lung function, and the lowest T2 inflammation; cluster 2 patients had severe airway remodeling, relatively good lung function, and moderate T2 inflammation; cluster 3 patients had severe airway remodeling, mucus plugs, and bronchiectasis, and showed the worst lung function and highest T2 inflammation. Conclusion: Naïve asthma patients had the imaging traits of airway remodeling, bronchiectasis, and mucus plugs. The unbiased imaging phenotypes had good consistency with clinical characteristics, therapeutic response, and T2 inflammation expression in naïve asthma patients.
6

Zamankhan, Parsa, Brian T. Helenbrook, Shuichi Takayama, and James B. Grotberg. "Steady motion of Bingham liquid plugs in two-dimensional channels." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 705 (December 12, 2011): 258–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2011.438.

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AbstractWe study numerically the steady creeping motion of Bingham liquid plugs in two-dimensional channels as a model of mucus behaviour during airway reopening in pulmonary airways. In addition to flow analysis related to propagation of the plug, the stress distribution on the wall is studied for better understanding of potential airway epithelial cell injury mechanisms. The yield stress behaviour of the fluid was implemented through a regularized constitutive equation. The capillary number, $\mathit{Ca}$, and the Bingham number, $\mathit{Bn}$, which is the ratio of the yield stress to a characteristic viscous stress, varied over the ranges 0.025–0.1 and 0–1.5, respectively. For the range of parameters studied, it was found that, while the yield stress reduces the magnitude of the shearing along the wall, it can magnify the amplitude of the wall shear stress gradient significantly, and also it can elevate the magnitude of the wall shear stress and wall pressure gradient up to 30 % and 15 %, respectively. Therefore, the motion of mucus plugs can be more damaging to the airway epithelial cells due to the yield stress properties of mucus. The yield stress also modifies the profile of the plug where the amplitude of the capillary waves at the leading meniscus decreases with increase in $\mathit{Bn}$. Other findings are that: the thickness of the static film increases with increasing $\mathit{Bn}$; the driving pressure difference increases linearly with $\mathit{Bn}$; and increasing $\mathit{Bn}$ extends any wall stagnation point beneath the leading meniscus to an unyielded line segment beneath the leading meniscus. With an increase in $\mathit{Bn}$, the unyielded areas appear and grow in the adjacent wall film as well as the core region of the plug between the two menisci. The plug length, ${L}_{P} $, mostly modifies the topology of the yield surfaces. It was found that the unyielded area in the core region between the two menisci grows as the plug length decreases. The very short Bingham plug behaves like a solid lamella. In all computed liquid plugs moving steadily, the von Mises stress attains its maximum value near the interface of the leading meniscus in the transition region. For Bingham plugs moving very slowly, $\mathit{Ca}\ensuremath{\rightarrow} 0$, the driving pressure is non-zero.
7

De Lisle, Robert C., Matthew Petitt, Kathryn S. Isom, and Donna Ziemer. "Developmental expression of a mucinlike glycoprotein (MUCLIN) in pancreas and small intestine of CF mice." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 275, no. 2 (August 1, 1998): G219—G227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1998.275.2.g219.

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The mucinlike glycoprotein MUCLIN, one of two protein products of the CRP-ductin gene, was used to study changes in the expression of sulfated glycoconjugates during the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis, using the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) knockout mouse (CF mouse). We assessed the appearance of dilated lumina containing protein or mucus plugs in pancreatic acini and crypts of the small intestine and quantified MUCLIN protein and CRP-ductin mRNA during postnatal development. In CF mice, the pancreatic acinar lumen was dilated by postnatal day 16( P16), but MUCLIN protein was first significantly increased by P23 and remained elevated through adulthood compared with normal mice. Similarly, intestinal crypts had CF-like mucus plugs by P16, but MUCLIN protein was first elevated by P23 and remained elevated through adulthood compared with normal mice. In both organs, MUCLIN labeling of the luminal surface was increased concomitantly with dilation and protein or mucus plugging but before upregulation of expression. The morphological changes were then followed by upregulation of MUCLIN protein and CRP-ductin mRNA expression. This is the first direct study of CF pathogenesis and the resultant increase in glycoconjugate gene expression. The data are consistent with CF pathogenesis progressing from an initial alteration in protein secretory dynamics (increased luminal MUCLIN and protein/mucus plugs) to an upregulation of glycoprotein/mucin gene expression, which is expected to exacerbate obstruction of the luminal spaces.
8

Arenas-De Larriva, Marisol, Roberto Martín-DeLeon, Blanca Urrutia Royo, Iker Fernández-Navamuel, Andrés Gimenez Velando, Laura Nuñez García, Carmen Centeno Clemente, et al. "The role of bronchoscopy in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia." ERJ Open Research 7, no. 3 (June 3, 2021): 00165–2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00165-2021.

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BackgroundThe role of bronchoscopy in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a matter of debate.Patients and methodsThis observational multicentre study aimed to analyse the prognostic impact of bronchoscopic findings in a consecutive cohort of patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Patients were enrolled at 17 hospitals from February to June 2020. Predictors of in-hospital mortality were assessed by multivariate logistic regression.ResultsA total of 1027 bronchoscopies were performed in 515 patients (age 61.5±11.2 years; 73% men), stratified into a clinical suspicion cohort (n=30) and a COVID-19 confirmed cohort (n=485). In the clinical suspicion cohort, the diagnostic yield was 36.7%. In the COVID-19 confirmed cohort, bronchoscopies were predominantly performed in the intensive care unit (n=961; 96.4%) and major indications were: difficult mechanical ventilation (43.7%), mucus plugs (39%) and persistence of radiological infiltrates (23.4%). 147 bronchoscopies were performed to rule out superinfection, and diagnostic yield was 42.9%. There were abnormalities in 91.6% of bronchoscopies, the most frequent being mucus secretions (82.4%), haematic secretions (17.7%), mucus plugs (17.6%), and diffuse mucosal hyperaemia (11.4%). The independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were: older age (OR 1.06; p<0.001), mucus plugs as indication for bronchoscopy (OR 1.60; p=0.041), absence of mucosal hyperaemia (OR 0.49; p=0.041) and the presence of haematic secretions (OR 1.79; p=0.032).ConclusionBronchoscopy may be indicated in carefully selected patients with COVID-19 to rule out superinfection and solve complications related to mechanical ventilation. The presence of haematic secretions in the distal bronchial tract may be considered a poor prognostic feature in COVID-19.
9

Yoshida, Yuki, Yotaro Takaku, Yasuo Nakamoto, Noboru Takayanagi, Tsutomu Yanagisawa, Hajime Takizawa, and Kazuyoshi Kurashima. "Changes in airway diameter and mucus plugs in patients with asthma exacerbation." PLOS ONE 15, no. 2 (February 27, 2020): e0229238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229238.

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10

Dunican, Eleanor M., Brett M. Elicker, David S. Gierada, Scott K. Nagle, Mark L. Schiebler, John D. Newell, Wilfred W. Raymond, et al. "Mucus plugs in patients with asthma linked to eosinophilia and airflow obstruction." Journal of Clinical Investigation 128, no. 3 (February 5, 2018): 997–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci95693.

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Статті в журналах

Дисертації з теми "Mucus plugs":

1

Mhlekude, Baxolele. "The barrier functions of the cervical mucus plugs and purified mucins against a panel of HIV-1 strains in the contexts of cell-free and cell-to-cell infections." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30020.

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HIV must traverse the mucosal barriers in order to establish a clinical infection during sexual transmission in the female reproductive tract. The cervical tract of a pregnant woman produces a mucin-rich solid material called the cervical mucus plug, which prevents the entry of bacteria and other foreign substances from the vaginal tract into the uterus. Our laboratory found that the cervical mucins—but not the crude cervical mucus plugs—isolated and purified from the mucus plugs inhibit HIV-1 infection in an in vitro cell-free inhibition assay. We aimed to characterize and compare the inhibition of cell-free and cell-associated HIV-1 strains by the crude cervical mucus plugs and purified cervical mucins. Fifty-two cervical mucus plugs were collected from women in labour in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride with protease inhibitors. The cervical mucus plugs were solubilised in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride with protease inhibitors, centrifuged, dialysed against distilled water and lyophilized. The mucins were purified by caesium chloride density gradient ultracentrifugation and size exclusion chromatography, dialysed against distilled water and lyophilized. The lyophilized samples were reconstituted in cell culture medium and used in cell viability assays, after which they were probed against a panel of replication-competent strains of HIV-1 using functional assays. The crude cervical mucus plugs inhibited cell-free HIV-1 strains more potently than the purified mucins. Depending on the infecting HIV-1 strain, this potency varied between and within samples from different donors. The data from a FACS-based virus fusion assay showed that some crude cervical mucus plugs inhibit fusion between the virus and target cell. Interestingly, cell-to-cell transmission of HIV-1 partially overcame the anti-viral activity of the crude cervical mucus plugs. Furthermore, despite the donor’s HIV status, the biochemical analysis of the purified cervical mucins showed comparable characteristics in terms of buoyancy in caesium chloride and guanidine hydrochloride, glycoprotein and protein contents, which were recapitulated in the HIV inhibition assays. In conclusion, the crude cervical mucus plugs can potently inhibit different strains of HIV-1 compared to the purified cervical mucins, and this potency is more pronounced in the HIV positive cohort compared to the HIV negative cohort.
2

Audousset, Camille. "Implication du récepteur NOD1 dans l’asthme allergique aux acariens & Impact fonctionnel des bouchons de mucus dans les voies aériennes de patients asthmatiques sévères selon leur statut tabagique." Thesis, Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDBSL/2021/2021LILUS050.pdf.

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L’asthme est une maladie inflammatoire chronique des voies aériennesresponsable d’une morbi-mortalité significative et définie par une association entre dessymptômes cliniques et une obstruction bronchique variable. Les caractéristiques cardinalesde l’asthme sont une hyper-réactivité des voies aériennes, une inflammation bronchiqueassociée à une modification de la structure des bronches dont une hyperproduction demucus.L’ensemble de ces caractéristiques aboutit à de nombreuses présentations cliniques,appelées des phénotypes asthmatiques, qui sont la conséquence de multiples mécanismesphysiopathologiques distincts. Le phénotype asthmatique le plus fréquent est l’asthmeallergique dont les acariens représentent l’un des principaux pneumallergènes.L’hétérogénéité de cette pathologie requiert une approche globale incluant des travauxfondamentaux et une approche clinique translationnelle. Ces deux approches ont étédéveloppées dans cette thèse.Dans la première partie, l’implication d’un récepteur de l’immunité innée, lerécepteur Nod1, dans l’asthme allergique aux acariens a été investiguée. Ce récepteurreconnaît des fragments de peptidoglycanes bactériens et participe à la réponse immune. Ilest également impliqué dans la régulation du microbiote digestif. Chez les souris Nod1-/-, lesparamètres allergiques asthmatiques induits par les acariens sont réduits comparativementaux souris sauvages. Cette atténuation de la réponse allergique asthmatique n’est pas liée àune modification de la flore digestive des souris Nod1-/-. En revanche, les extraits d’acarienscontiennent une flore microbienne, principalement composée de bacille gram négatif,susceptible d’activer directement le récepteur Nod1 au niveau de l’épithélium des voiesrespiratoires. Cette activation participe à l’exacerbation de la réponse allergique asthmatiqueinduite aux acariens et offre une nouvelle perspective thérapeutique dans le traitement del’asthme allergique aux acariens.La deuxième partie de ce travail est consacrée à l’impact fonctionnel de bouchons demucus présents dans les voies aériennes de patients asthmatiques en fonction de leur statuttabagique en utilisant des outils précédemment développés. La présence de bouchons demucus est fréquente quel que soit le statut tabagique des asthmatiques. Une corrélationinverse a été retrouvée entre le nombre de segments pulmonaires présentant au moins unbouchon de mucus et l’obstruction des voies aériennes. Cette caractéristique clinique estcorrélée au pourcentage de polynucléaires éosinophiles dans les expectorations. Chez lespatients ayant un antécédent de tabagisme, la présence d’occlusions des voies aériennesest associée au pourcentage de neutrophiles. Les bouchons de mucus apparaissent commeun marqueur de sévérité de l’asthme et sont corrélés à différents types d’inflammationbronchique selon le statut tabagique.Cette thèse a contribué à faire avancer les connaissances fondamentales et clinicofonctionellesdans l’asthme. Ces résultats invitent à poursuivre les investigations dans cesdifférents domaines
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease responsible for significant morbidityand mortality defined by an association between clinical symptoms and variable airwayobstruction. The cardinal features of asthma are airway hyperresponsiveness, bronchialinflammation associated with changes in the structure of the bronchi including overproductionof mucus. Taken together, these characteristics result in numerous clinical presentations,called asthmatic phenotypes, which are the consequence of multiple distinctpathophysiological mechanisms. The most common asthma phenotype is allergic asthma, ofwhich house dust mites are one of the main pneumallergens. The heterogeneity of thispathology requires a comprehensive approach including fundamental work and translationalclinical approach. These two approaches have been developed in this thesis.In the first part, the involvement of an innate immunity receptor, the Nod1 receptor, inhouse dust mite allergic asthma was investigated. This receptor recognizes fragments ofbacterial peptidoglycans and participates in the immune response. It is also involved in theregulation of the digestive microbiota. In Nod1-/- mice, the mite-induced asthmatic allergicparameters are reduced compared to wild type mice. This attenuation of the allergicasthmatic response is not linked to a change in the digestive flora of Nod1-/- mice. In contrast,mite extracts contain microbial flora, mainly composed of gram-negative bacillus, capable ofdirectly activating the Nod1 receptor in the epithelium of the respiratory tract. This activationcontributes to the exacerbation of the allergic asthmatic response induced by house dustmites and offers a new therapeutic perspective in the treatment of allergic asthma to housedust mites.The second part of this work is devoted to the functional impact of mucus plugspresent in the airways of asthma patients according to their smoking status using previouslydeveloped tools. The presence of mucus plugs was common regardless of the smokingstatus of the asthmatics. An inverse correlation was found between the number of lungsegments with at least one mucus plug and airway obstruction. This clinical feature wascorrelated with the percentage of eosinophils in the sputum. In patients with a history ofsmoking, the presence of airway obstructions was correlated with the percentage ofneutrophils. Mucus plugs appear to be a marker of asthma severity and are correlated withdifferent types of bronchial inflammation depending on smoking status.This PhD has helped advance fundamental and clinical-functional knowledge inasthma. These results invite further investigations in these different fields
3

NENG, FANG CHUN, and 方俊能. "Detection of Fetal Cells and DNA from Transcervical Mucus Plug before First Trimester by Cytokeratin-7 immunohistochemistry, and PCR Amplification of DNA Sequence of SY158 Gene." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35334501857152271720.

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碩士
長庚大學
臨床醫學研究所
94
The presence of fetal cells in endocervical mucus of pregnant women was first reported in 1971. Uterine cavity is patent during the first trimester prior to fusion of amnion and chorion. Fetal cells are theoretically shed into the uterine cavity between 7-13 weeks from degenerating chorion frondosum, trapped in the transcervical mucus and can be identified by immunohistochemistry. We also tried to identify the presence of fetal male deoxyribo-nucleic acid (DNA) by transcervical cytobrush Pap smear from pregnant women in the first trimester by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nested PCR and compare the ability of accurate prediction rate between these two methods. METHOD: In the experiment of immunoreactive cytokeratin-7 staining, ninety-nine transcervical mucosal plugs from pregnant women between pregnant 7 and 13 weeks before abortion was collected, fixed, embedded, sectioned and stained with monoclonal antibody of cytokeratin-7 by immunohistochemistry. In the experiment of PCR and nested PCR to amplify DNA sequence of SY158 gene, another fifty-six pregnant patients were recruited into this program during 7-12 weeks of gestation. The transcervical mucus specimens were recruited and treated with mycolytic agent, DNA extraction, and the PCR then nested PCR to amplify the DNA sequence of SY158 gene. RESULT: In the experiment of immunoreactive cytokeratin-7 staining, the identification of trophoblasts on each slide was defined by 5 categories according to positive staining and histologically chorionic villous similarity under microscopic examination, as: none (1), less than 5 single positive-stained cells per-section (2), more than 5 single positive-stained cells per-section (3), clumps of positive-stained cells (4), and histological-like intact or fragmented chorionic villi (5). Among 71 samples qualified for analysis, individual slides were scored into 3 groups: 32(45.1%) are of group 1 (category 1) standing for negative result, 10(14.1%) are of group 2 (category 2) standing for possible positive result and 29(40.8%) are of group 3 of any combination of category 3-5 standing for positive result. In the experiment of PCR and nested PCR to amplify DNA sequence of SY158 gene, there were 53 qualified specimens proceeded into the PCR and nested PCR procedure. There were 33 males and 20 females fetuses in our patients’ study group. The PCR result showed that the sensitivity was 84.8%, specificity 70.0%, positive predictive rate 82.4% and negative predictive rate 73.7%. The nested PCR results showed 93.9% as the sensitivity, specificity 55.0%, positive predictive rate 77.5% and negative predictive rate 84.6%. Both PCR and nested PCR method in sex prediction are statistically consistent with the true fetal sex of the transcervical samples. Additionally, the accuracy of fetal sex prediction was identical between these two methods. CONCLUSION: Fetal cells, identified by cytokeratin-7, can be found in over 59.2 % of early pregnant transcervical mucus by minimal invasive sampling method. The PCR method is good enough to detect male fetal DNA in transcervical samples. Fetal cells do exist in the transcervical Pap smear samples in the early pregnancy. With the proper molecular techniques, it is possible to detect the fetal DNA and furthermore to identify and isolate the fetal cells from the background of maternal cells for prenatal genetic diagnosis. Prenatal diagnosis of single-gene or chromosome disorders may be possible in pregnant transcervical mucus using modern molecular methods and deserves further study.

Книги з теми "Mucus plugs":

1

Marini, John J., and Paolo Formenti. Pathophysiology and prevention of sputum retention. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0119.

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Retention of airway mucus is one of the major problem that confronts post-operative and critically-ill patients, as well as the caregivers that address it. Retained secretions increase the work of breathing and promote hypoxaemia, atelectasis, and pneumonia. The airway-intubated patient is at particular risk of retaining mucus, as the presence of the tube interrupts normal flow of airway secretions toward the larynx by the mucociliary escalator and coughing effectiveness is degraded by a glottis that is stented open and cannot close effectively. Clearance of mucus is aided by using sufficient gas stream and total body hydration to reduce sputum viscosity and lubricate secretion plugs. Airway suctioning, a routine, but inherently traumatic experience for the patient, may clear the central airway, but leave peripheral airways unrelieved of their secretion burden. Prone positioning appears to confer an advantage regarding secretion drainage and clearance. Physiotherapy techniques may be useful in re-establishing and maintaining airway patency.

Частини книг з теми "Mucus plugs":

1

Bachalli, Prithvi S., and Aditya Moorthy. "Obstructive Salivary Gland Disease and Sialendoscopy." In Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for the Clinician, 975–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1346-6_47.

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AbstractObstructive salivary pathologies most commonly manifest as salivary stones (sialoliths), mucous plugs and sometimes due to narrowing of the duct (stricture/stenosis). Saliva produced by salivary glands flows into oral cavity by means of ducts. Blockage of these ducts due to the reasons mentioned above leads to sialadenitis (inflammation).Sialendoscopy is a minimally invasive technique to manage salivary duct pathologies, including sialolithiasis, sialadenitis & strictures. It is fast becoming the investigating procedure of choice for such conditions.In the last 25 years, Sialoendoscopy has gradually seen a rise in popularity for diagnostic and therapeutic means of dealing with obstructive salivary gland pathologies.
2

Juyal, Piyush, and Sachin Sharma. "Mucus Plug Blockage Detection in COVID-19 Patient’s Chest X-Ray Using Instance Segmentation." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 152–60. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3660-8_14.

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3

Clare, Drew. "Hypoxia." In Acute Care Casebook, edited by Julie Mayglothling Winkle, 168–71. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190865412.003.0033.

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The case illustrates the approach to an intubated patient on mechanical ventilation with desaturation and clinical deterioration. Included is a list of potential etiologies, including airway obstruction, pneumothorax, mucus plug/atelectasis, aspiration or infection, and pulmonary embolus as well as a description of how to systematically evaluate these patients. Various imaging modalities are reviewed, including the findings of a chest X-ray and results of a limited bedside ultrasound. The case highlights the potential development of a delayed pneumothorax or hemothorax, despite an initially normal chest radiograph, particularly with the addition of positive pressure ventilation. The case highlights the importance of the focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) exam.
4

Walker, Christopher M. "Upper and Middle Lobe Atelectasis." In Chest Imaging, 93–97. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199858064.003.0017.

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Upper and middle lobe atelectasis discusses the radiographic and computed tomography (CT) manifestations of upper and middle lobe atelectasis. The most common radiographic signs of right upper lobe atelectasis include upward and medial displacement of the minor fissure, superior displacement of adjacent structures such as the hilum and main bronchus, and ipsilateral shift of the mediastinal structures. The S sign of Golden results from a centrally obstructing lung cancer as the cause of the atelectasis and manifests as a reverse S configuration of the minor fissure outlined by atelectatic lung and central mass. Left upper lobe atelectasis manifests with a veil-like opacity on frontal radiography with leftward shift of upper mediastinal structures such as the trachea and upward shift of the left main bronchus and left hemidiaphragm. The Luftsichel sign or air crescent sign may be seen and represents the hyperexpanded superior segment of the left lower lobe outlining the transverse aortic arch. Lobar atelectasis in the inpatient setting is most commonly secondary to an obstructing mucus plug. Lobar atelectasis in the outpatient setting is often a heralding sign of a centrally obstructing lung cancer and should be further evaluated with contrast-enhanced CT and/or bronchoscopy.
5

Schaal, Klaus P. "Actinomycoses." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by Christopher P. Conlon, 1170–76. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0134.

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Human actinomycoses are always synergistic polymicrobial infections in which fermentative actinomycetes—predominantly Actinomyces israelii, A. gerencseriae, or Propionibacterium propionicum—are the principal pathogens, usually needing the assistance of so-called concomitant microbes to produce disease. Nearly all of the members of the mixed actinomycotic microflora belong to the indigenous microbial community of human mucous membranes, hence actinomycoses present as sporadic endogenous infections which are not transmissible. Antibacterial drugs used for treatment should be active against both the causative actinomycetes and all concomitant bacteria. For cervicofacial actinomycoses, the rare cutaneous processes, and most thoracic forms of the disease, this requirement is best fulfilled by amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid in medium to high doses. The prognosis of cervicofacial and cutaneous actinomycoses is good provided that treatment is adequate; thoracic and abdominal forms are more serious, with grave prognosis without proper treatment.
6

Dell’Omodarme Invernizzi, Marco Renzo. "Family Business ou les risques de la communauté dans 24 heures chrono." In 24 heures chrono, naissance du genre sécuritaire ? Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53984/philoseries07206.

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En nous inspirant du travail de l’anthropologue Marika Moisseeff sur le rôle des séries télévisées dans la société, nous proposons ici une lecture de 24 heures chrono dans la perspective du philosophe Roberto Esposito. En effet, l’intrigue de cette série, qui est un classique des séries sécuritaires, place la source des angoisses et des vulnérabilités au sein même de la communauté qu’il s’agit de protéger. Or Esposito, en refondant une analyse de la communauté à partir de son élément constituant, le munus, à la fois obligation à l’égard des autres et liant même de l’espace communautaire, et de l’immunitas, dans sa double acception d’immunisation au sens biologique et d’immunité au sens d’exonération des obligations, ouvre une voie pour explorer à nouveaux frais l’apparente contradiction de ces séries, qui montrent la lutte contre la menace venant de l’extérieur comme minée par d’autres menaces, tout aussi dangereuses, venant de l’intérieur et qui, sous leur apparence rassurante, recèlent les angoisses les plus profondes.
7

Shikanai-Yasuda, M. A. "Paracoccidioidomycosis." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by Christopher P. Conlon, 1364–70. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0155.

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Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic endemic mycosis caused by dimorphic fungus found in soil and in a variety of animals, and transmitted to humans by inhalation. It is restricted geographically to Central and South America, where it is the most common endemic chronic human mycosis, acquired in rural and periurban areas. In its chronic form is is more frequqnt in men than women (10:1) and in the acute form, it is equally distributed among boys and girls (children, adolescents and young adults) areas. It involves the lung and mucous membranes, adrenal, gastrointestinal, central nervous system and other organs in thechronic form and the phagocytic mononuclear system in the acute form. Diagnosis is made by direct microscopy or culture from sputum, plus histopathology.and/or serology, which is useful for therapeutic control. Treatment is required for long courses of oral drugs (itraconazole or sulfamethoxazole– trimethoprim) for non severe cases) or intravenous amphotericin B or other amphotericin formulations in severe cases followed by oral drugs.for severe cases. Sequels are represented by microstomia, laryngeal/tracheal/bronchial stenosis, pulmonary emphysema/fibrosis, respiratory insufficiency, and cor pulmonale.

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Mucus plugs":

1

Zamankhan, Parsa, Shuichi Takayama, and James B. Grotberg. "Propagation of Liquid Plugs With Yield Stress in Human Airways." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19426.

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The airway closure due to the capillary instability [1] occurs in lung diseases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, or emphysema. The reopening process involves with displacement of plugs constituted from mucus, a non-Newtonian fluid with a yield stress, in the airways. In this work the steady propagation of mucus plugs in a 2D channel is studied numerically, assuming that the mucus is a Bingham fluid. The governing equations are solved by a mixed-discontinuous finite element formulation and the free surface is resolved with the method of spines. The constitutive equation for Bingham fluid is implemented through a regularized constitutive equation. According to the numerical results, the yield stress behavior of the plug modifies the plug shape, the pattern of the streamlines and the distribution of stresses in the plug domain and along the walls in a significant way. The distribution along the walls is a major factor in studying cell injuries.
2

Zamankhan, Parsa, Brian Helenbrook, Shuichi Takayama, and James B. Grotberg. "Transient Motion of Liquid Plugs With Yield Stress in Human Airways." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53609.

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The airway closure due to capillary instability [1] occurs in lung diseases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, or emphysema. The reopening process involves displacement of plugs constituted from mucus, a non-Newtonian fluid with a yield stress, in the airways. In this work the transient propagation of mucus plugs in a 2D channel is studied numerically, assuming that the mucus is a Bingham fluid. The governing equations are discretized by a spectral element formulation and the free surface is resolved with an Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) approach [2]. The constitutive equation for a Bingham fluid is implemented through a regularized constitutive equation. According to the numerical results, the yield stress behavior of the plug modifies the plug shape, the pattern of the streamlines and the distribution of stresses in the plug domain and along the walls in a significant way. The distribution along the walls is a major factor in studying cell injuries.
3

Hu, Yingying, Shiyao Bian, Marcel Filoche, John C. Grotberg, Shuichi Takayama, and James B. Grotberg. "Rheology Effects on Mucus Plug Rupture." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14507.

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Human respiratory mucus has non-Newtonian rheological properties of viscoelasticity, shear-thinning and yield stress. They play significant roles in mucus clearance by ciliary motion as well as cough [5,7,9]. Mucus is hypersecreted in such lung diseases as cystic fibrosis and asthma. Mucus hypersecretion damages mucus clearance mechanism [6], and more likely causes plugs to block partial or total airways [4].
4

Welt, E., and R. Krochmal. "Rheumatoid Arthritis Presenting with Mucus Plugs and Bronchiectasis." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a1383.

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5

Lin, N. Y. W., S. L. Johnson, and K. M. McDowell. "Eosinophilic Mucus Plugs in a Previously Healthy Child." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a4990.

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6

Oguma, A., K. Shimizu, H. Kimura, M. Suzuki, H. Makita, M. Nishimura, and S. Konno. "Clinical Impact of Mucus Plugs in Eosinophilic Asthma." In American Thoracic Society 2021 International Conference, May 14-19, 2021 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2021.203.1_meetingabstracts.a4533.

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7

Heng, Franklin, Travis Henry, Brendan Huang, Eleanor Dunican, Brett Elicker, and John Fahy. "Detailed annotation of airway mucus plugs to inform deep learning-based methods for automated mucus scoring." In ERS International Congress 2020 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.854.

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8

Orejas, J., W. R. Dolliver, R. Elalami, A. Tsao, R. San Jose Estepar, S. Grumley, N. Hrudaya, et al. "Sex Differences in Airway Mucus Plugs Among Patients with COPD." In American Thoracic Society 2022 International Conference, May 13-18, 2022 - San Francisco, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2022.205.1_meetingabstracts.a5109.

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9

Huang, B., F. Heng, E. Dunican, M. Schiebler, D. Gierada, E. A. Hoffman, M. Castro, et al. "Automated Reconstruction of 3D Models of Airway Mucus Plugs to Inform Machine Learning-Based Methods for Mucus Plug Scoring in Asthma." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a4509.

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10

Odry, Benjamin L., Diran Guiliguian, Atilla P. Kiraly, Carol L. Novak, David P. Naidich, and Jean-Francois Lerallut. "Automated detection of mucus plugs within bronchial tree in MSCT images." In Medical Imaging, edited by Armando Manduca and Xiaoping P. Hu. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.709783.

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