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1

Cohen, Lee Jeremy, Marcia Millon Cornett, Hamid Mehran, and Hassan Tehranian. "The Effect of State Solvency on Bank Values and Credit Supply: Evidence from State Pension Cut Legislation." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 53, no. 4 (2018): 1839–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109018000248.

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We find the financial condition of states impacts bank credit supply through their municipal bond holdings. In particular, we treat sudden political and statutory actions during the 2011 union bargaining rights debates in Wisconsin and Ohio as exogenous shocks to state solvency. We show bank valuations and municipal bond spreads adjust to the announcements, and, over longer horizons, a new lending channel linked to state solvency emerges, whereby banks supply credit as municipal bond appreciations free up capital.
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2

Wołowiec, Tomasz. "LEGAL CONDITIONS FOR THE FINANCING OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS INVESTMENTS BY PARABANKING FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS IN POLAND." International Journal of Legal Studies ( IJOLS ) 5, no. 1 (2019): 467–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.3252.

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The regulations on debt limits introduced in 2014 caused adapting by local government units two ways of proceeding. The first consists in "classic" adaptation to the provisions of the Public Finance Act, through the restructuring of budget expenditures and the devel-opment of a financial surplus, allowing for safe incurring of new obligations and possible servicing of "old" debt. The second way is what can be called the form of the "Creative accounting", involving the use of non-bank financial institutions (quasi-banks) or the use of financial operations other than bank loans and municipal bon
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3

Huang, Juliet H., James C. Burr, Richard A. Cosgrove, and Nathan H. B. Odem. "MSRB and FINRA issue joint notice cautioning broker-dealers and municipal advisors about bank loans." Journal of Investment Compliance 17, no. 3 (2016): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joic-07-2016-0030.

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Purpose To alert lenders, broker-dealers and municipal advisors to a joint regulatory notice from the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board (“MSRB”) and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) regarding direct purchase or “bank loan” transactions. Design/methodology/approach Explains the MSRB and FINRA notice, why the notice was issued, what lenders should know about the notice, what broker-dealers and municipal advisors should know about the notice, and what MSRB rules could apply to bank loans. Findings Firms should determine whether state and local government obligations acqui
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4

Radchenko, Nataliia. "Municipal public bank as a component of life the Ukrainian city in the late 19th – early 20th century." Bulletin of Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, no. 2 (356) (2023): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2844-2023-2(356)-59-76.

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The emergence of financial institutions such as municipal public banks had a significant positive impact on the socio-economic development of cities. The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of municipal public banks on economic and social development of cities, as well as on the development of urban infrastructure during the second half of 19th – early 20th century. The research methodology is based on the principle of historicism, application of general scientific and special scientific methods, in particular analysis of the information potential of statistical and information resou
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5

Swai, Tobias Aloisi. "Municipal-owned community bank: capital raising dilemma." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 9, no. 2 (2019): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-02-2018-0027.

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Learning outcomes The case introduces student to basic understanding of banking sector in Tanzania as well as the strategies and struggle to raise capital through shareholders’ funds. Application of Banking theory and Pecking order theory is evidenced from the case. The case outlines why the bank struggled to raise capital and what triggers the capital raising strategies. It also give students an opportunity to think about applicable theories of capital structure and bank capital, and strategies the bank could use to rescue its capital crunch in the future. Case overview/synopsis The case prov
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6

Pratama, R. A., S. Wahyono, F. L. Sahwan, et al. "The challenges in sustaining waste banks in Serang City: How far the circular economy can go?" IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1201, no. 1 (2023): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1201/1/012007.

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Abstract The existence of a waste bank is designed to reduce the municipal waste problem. However, not all regions can implement the waste banks program to deal with municipal solid waste. In 2019, Serang City managed only 51% of municipal waste out of 155,490 tons of waste/per year, including the contribution from the waste banks. This study aimed to determine the challenges of implementing waste banks and the impact of the circular economy in Serang. This study used a mixed approach which describes the results qualitatively-quantitatively. The study found: the positive response of the commun
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7

Bowie, Nikolas. "Corporate Democracy: How Corporations Justified Their Right to Speak in 1970s Boston." Law and History Review 36, no. 4 (2018): 943–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248018000160.

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AbstractIn the early 1970s, the executives of the First National Bank of Boston spent hundreds of thousands of the bank's dollars on ads opposing statewide efforts to raise their personal income taxes. When frustrated Massachusetts legislators banned this sort of corporate spending, the executives sued, arguing that “corporations have the same First Amendment rights as individuals.” In First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti, the Supreme Court held for the first time that the First Amendment protects all political speech, even ads paid for by a corporation. Surprisingly, the first corporatio
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8

Aerts, Erik. "The absence of public exchange banks in medieval and early modern Flanders and Brabant (1400–1800): a historical anomaly to be explained." Financial History Review 18, no. 1 (2010): 91–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565010000260.

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The article aims to present an explanation for the complete absence of public municipal banks in the Southern Low Countries, and particularly in its two main principalities Flanders and Brabant, between 1400 and 1800. The reasons were complex, lying in a combination of the presence of adequate substitutes such as money changers, cashiers and town exchange offices (stadswissels) and countervailing factors (adverse economic conditions, insufficient financial resources, special interests of persons and lobbies). It is also argued that strong government control of the Antwerp urban debt prevented
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9

Arefiev, Nikolay, Vladimir Badenko, Aleksandr Nikonorov, Vitaly Terleev, and Yulia Volkova. "Bank Protection on Storage Reservoirs for Municipal Coastal Areas." Procedia Engineering 117 (2015): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.118.

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10

Ho, Cynthia Sin Tian, and Björn Berggren. "The effect of bank branch closures on new firm formation: the Swedish case." Annals of Regional Science 65, no. 2 (2020): 319–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00168-020-00986-4.

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Abstract In this paper, the effect of local bank branch closures on new firm formation in Sweden is analysed using a panel database that captures the geographical locations of all Swedish bank branches in 2007 and 2013. The previous research has shown that the further a firm is located away from the bank, the higher the monitoring costs will be for the banks. Furthermore, an increase in the distance to the banks will also increase information asymmetry because of the banks’ eroded ability to collect and analyse soft information. Due to the high risks associated with the lack of information and
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11

Schwinden Garcia, Alexandre, and Roberto Meurer. "Elections, state-owned banks, and bank profitability in Brazil." Brazilian Review of Finance 20, no. 4 (2022): 83–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/rbfin.v20n4.2022.85268.

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This article looks for evidence about the political use of Brazilian commercial state-owned banks in electoral years and possible impacts on the profitability of these banks. In addition, it aims to test the hypothesis that publicly traded state-owned banks suffer from less political interference and, consequently, are less affected in terms of lower profitability in election years. It is found, at first, that years of federal and municipal elections do not impact the profitability of state-owned banks. However, when state-owned banks are segmented into groups of publicly traded and non public
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12

Li, Xiaoming, Zheng Liu, Yuchao Peng, and Zhiwei Xu. "The Crowding-In Effects of Local Government Debt in China." Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Working Paper Series 2024, no. 35 (2024): 01–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24148/wp2024-35.

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We study how changes in the composition of Chinese local government debt influenced bank risk taking, credit allocation, and local productivity. Using confidential loan-level data and a difference-in-difference identification approach, we show that a debt-to-bond swap program for local governments implemented in 2015 significantly increased bank risk taking through a risk-weighting channel under Basel III capital regulations. The debt swap program converted bank holdings of municipal corporate debt to local government bonds, reducing banks’ risk-weighted assets. Banks responded by lowering cre
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13

Matsui, T., S. Kyosai, and M. Takahashi. "Application of Biotechnology to Municipal Wastewater Treatment." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 10-12 (1991): 1723–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0627.

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Application of biotechnology to wastewater treatment for its improvement and greater understanding was investigated in the Japanese national project named Biofocus WT as to a microorganism bank, genetic engineering application, immobilization of microorganisms, bioreactors for wastewater treatment, bioreactors for sludge treatment, SS separators for raw wastewater, biosensors and new wastewater treatment systems.
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14

Makorere, Robert, and Sadat Sudi. "Services Quality Determinants between Foreign and Local Banks in Tanzania: A Survey of Banking Sector in Morogoro Municipal, Tanzania." Lapai Journal of Economics 8, no. 2 (2025): 223–42. https://doi.org/10.4314/lje.v8i2.17.

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This paper examined the determinants of service quality in foreign and local banks in Tanzania, with a focus on Morogoro Municipality. The study employed a cross-sectional research design and used convenience sampling to select 120 customers who hold accounts in both local and foreign banks in the area of study. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, and analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression. The results show that staff conduct, service communication, service credibility, timely bank services, and technology adoption positively and significantly influence cust
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15

Galiński, Paweł. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE MUNICIPAL BOND MARKET IN POLAND AFTER 1989." Ekonomika 92, no. 2 (2013): 122–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/ekon.2013.0.1410.

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Abstract. The purpose of the paper is to present the development of the municipal bond market in Poland between 1989 and 2012, a characteristic of municipal bonds and their types, issued in this period. The empirical research conducted by the author provides some main financial indicators that determine the development of this market and its role for local governments in Poland. Moreover, there are analysed the types of investors on this market, organizers of the placements or the meaning of this market against the background of the municipal bond markets in the European Union (EU) countries.
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16

Miftah, Meinaldi Nurrochman, and Lindawati Lubis Ratna. "Implementation Strategy "3R CIRCULAR ECONOMY" To Achieve SDG Target 11.6 "Municipal Waste Management" In Cipaganti Village, Bandung City (Study at the Cihampelas Mandiri Unit Garbage Bank)." International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 06, no. 12 (2023): 8266–74. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/V6-i12-79.

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Abstract : Good municipal waste management is very important for a sustainable urban order. Good municipal waste management can reduce negative impacts on the environment, public health and natural resources. The application of a Garbage Bank is one of the solutions for good municipal waste management. This is due to the concept of a Garbage Bank which is aligned with sustainable city management. One of the principles that is effective in helping the performance of waste management at the Garbage Bank is a circular economy based on 3R (reduce, reuse, and recycle). The application of this conce
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17

Warmadewanthi and Millati Haqq. "Implementation of waste banks for reduction of solid waste in South Surabaya." MATEC Web of Conferences 276 (2019): 06021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927606021.

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Surabaya has become one of the cities in Indonesia with the largest volume of solid waste. One way to reduce waste generation in Surabaya City is through waste banks. The number of waste banks in Surabaya is 374 units since 2012, with 0.55 ton/day or a 0.05% reduction effort against total waste. The non-organic municipal waste potential that can be utilized is 40% and the total waste reduction for non-organic waste is 0.13%. The unit price of each type of solid waste is one of the main factors in people’s willingness to sell their solid waste. The higher the price of the waste, the more revenu
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18

Ogar, Anthony, Joseph Anyadighibe, Jeremiah Abanbeshie, Aniebiet Etuk, and Basil Eja. "Shadow banking and micro-, small and medium scale enterprises: A municipal assessment in Nigeria." Banks and Bank Systems 18, no. 2 (2023): 148–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.18(2).2023.13.

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Shadow banking is usually considered as offering financial and financial-related support outside of the mainstream conventional financial system. The biggest issue facing micro-, small, and medium-sized businesses (MSMEs) in Nigeria is the inconveniences and challenges associated with obtaining funds or credit from conventional banks, which encourages remote business operations and small-scale expansion. Thus, shadow banking activity is still widespread among MSMEs in Nigeria. This study used MSMEs operating in the Marian and Watt markets to analyze the impact of shadow bank interest income, s
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19

Białek-Jaworska, Anna, Robert Jaworski, and Artur Wachowiak. "Off-budget revenues and debt limit in municipalities in the Wielkopolska." Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna, no. 62 (December 29, 2022): 283–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/rrpr.2022.62.16.

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The paper aims to assess whether the size of municipal off-budget activities carried out by municipally-owned companies (MOCs) depends on the municipality’s outstanding debt and unused debt capacity. The fiscal debt rule limits municipal debt capacity based on the individual debt ratio. In other words, the article attempts to establish whether and to what extent the size of off-budget financing through fees for local public services provided by MOCs depends on the municipality’s financial situation. We use panel data of 89 municipalities in Wielkopolska voivodeship (499 observations) retrieved
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20

Deng, Liurui, Yongbin Lv, Ye Liu, and Yiwen Zhao. "Impact of Fintech on Bank Risk-Taking: Evidence from China." Risks 9, no. 5 (2021): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks9050099.

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This article focuses on the relationship between Fintech and bank risk-taking behavior. Since Robo-Advisor is one of the mature applications of Fintech, we found that the development of Fintech will have a greater impact on small and medium-sized banks through the establishment of a Robo-Advisor model. This paper uses a benchmark regression model to analyze the municipal digital financial inclusion index compiled by Peking University and the annual report data of 155 small and medium-sized banks from 2011 to 2016. We found that the development of Fintech has significantly reduced bank risk-tak
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21

Krytiev, A. G. "Enforcement of financial monitoring by state and municipal enterprises as a counter suspected transaction mechanism." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 4, no. 88 (2025): 266–71. https://doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2025.88.4.39.

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A large amount of funding from the state and local budgets falls on state and municipal enterprises. Given the existing stable practice in the country of misappropriation and embezzlement of funds from state and municipal enterprises, officials of state and municipal enterprises should apply new approaches, methods, mechanisms and practices to analyze counterparties during public procurement in order to avoid losses to the state budget (loss of taxpayers’ funds). Enforcement of financial monitoring by state and municipal enterprises will allow saving state budget funds annually and reduce the
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22

Carmo, Tyago Oliveira do, and Gervasio F. Santos. "Monopoly Power: Impacts of Location on the Cost of Credit for Small Firms in Brazil." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 14, no. 4 (2024): 28. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v14i4.22323.

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The objective of this study is to observe the impact of bank monopoly power on credit costs for micro and small firms in different regions of Brazil. The finance literature offers a wide range of results regarding the effects of bank monopoly. However, few studies explore how these impacts vary according to the location of firms. The central hypothesis is that monopoly power allows banks to discriminate prices across regions of Brazil. To test this hypothesis, a panel data structure was used at the municipal level, covering the period from 1995 to 2022. The results indicate that monopoly power
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23

Skoreyko, Hanna, and Fadey Yatsenyuk. "Ukrainian City as a Socio-Cultural Phenomenon and the Subject Matter of Management." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 43 (June 15, 2021): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2021.43.307-311.

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Sceintific review of S. Dobrzhanskyi book 'Municipal Administration of the Right-Bank Ukraine, Galicia and Bukovina: A Comparative Analysis of the Functioning of Government (the late 19th – early 20th Century)'.
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24

Jiang, Xiao Wan. "The Impact of Government Intervention on Municipal Bond Liquidity Premium: Evidence from China." Applied Economics and Finance 6, no. 3 (2019): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v6i3.4217.

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Government intervention is an important factor which restricts the development of municipal bond market in China. Based on the revenue bond innovation pilot policy implemented by the Ministry of Finance in 2017, this paper uses municipal bond trading data of Chinese inter-bank bond market from May 2017 to June 2018 and the two-stage least squares method to study the impact of government intervention on the liquidity premium of municipal bonds. The results of the empirical research show: (1) The liquidity risk of municipal bonds is a factor that affects the yield spread, and the marginal impact
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25

Song, Lina, and Amirul Shah Md Shahbudin. "Analyzing the implementation outcomes of economic value added (eva™) at china construction bank (ccb)." Revista Gestão & Tecnologia 23, no. 4 (2023): 432–50. https://doi.org/10.20397/2177-6652/2023.v23i4.2726.

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In 2002, China Construction Bank (CCB) introduced the Economic Value Added (EVA™) indicator as a performance metric linked to value creation and salaries. This article examines the implementation outcomes of EVA™ in four municipal branches of the CCB Inner Mongolia provincial branch. Despite two decades of implementation, the EVA™ metric has faced significant hurdles within the CCB. In particular, a majority of the municipal branches and outlets within the CCB Inner Mongolia provincial branch have shown a preference for traditional financial indicators like deposit and loan growth over the EVA
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26

Pocsai, Erzsébet. "On the regulation of municipal indebtedness." Prosperitas, In press (2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31570/prosp_2023_0090.

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The indebtedness of the Hungarian domestic municipal lending market was an area of intense research prior to the consolidation of municipal debt. Research analysed the possible causes and explanations of the rise in indebtedness and attempted to identify a model of indebtedness in the domestic municipal system, drawing on the experience of international models and examples. In parallel with the debt consolidation process, which was carried out in several steps between 2011 and 2014, a number of active and passive control elements were introduced in Hungary, which can be grouped in several ways
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27

Goryunova, Tatyana. "Problems of execution of state (municipal) contracts." Current Issues of the State and Law, no. 13 (2020): 88–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2020-4-13-88-100.

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The state (municipal) contract includes a balance of interests of the public customer and the commercial executor (organization, private entrepreneur, individual). The execution of a state (municipal) contract is understood as the proper execution by both parties of their obligations. It is very difficult to observe the principle of equality of the parties in these contractual relations, given the advantages of the customer as a representative of the state (municipal) authority. We analyze the problem of execution of state (municipal) contracts. The main objective of the study is to systematiz
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28

Brittain-Catlin, Timothy. "Horace Field and Lloyds Bank." Architectural History 53 (2010): 271–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066622x00003944.

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In 1980, Andrew Saint told members of the Victorian Society that the Arts and Crafts architect Horace Field (1861-1948) was ‘frequently referred to but rarely discussed’. Thirty years later the situation is largely unchanged. Yet Field played an influential role in the architectural development of the twentieth-century English and Welsh high street. He was a significant figure in the process by which the architectural styles of bank premises were, by the late 1920s, transformed from ones very similar to those of commercial or municipal offices into a distinct and domestic interpretation of the
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29

Gorovaya, E. A. "QUANTITATIVE INDICES OF ZOOBENTHOS OF THE TIGROVAYA RIVER (PARTIZANSKY DISTRICT, PRIMORYE TERRITORY)." Vladimir Ya. Levanidov’s Biennial Memorial Meetings 10 (June 21, 2023): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25221/levanidov.10.07.

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Based on the results of the annual series of collections, the process of changes in the quantitative characteristics of benthos in the section of the right–bank tributary of the Partizanskaya River –Tigrovaya River (Partizansky municipal district of Primorsky Krai) is considered. The main trends of community formation are revealed. The results obtained were compared with the literature data on the left-bank tributary of the Partizanskaya River – the “model” Frolovka River.
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30

Septiani, Berliana Anggun, Dian Mita Arianie, Via Fide Aditya Andi Risman, Widhi Handayani, and Istiarsi Saptuti Sri Kawuryan. "PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PLASTIK DI SALATIGA: Praktik, dan tantangan." Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 17, no. 1 (2019): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jil.17.1.90-99.

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The increase of solid waste production is a general problem in municipality, particularly of plastic waste. The durability, light-weight, anticorrosiveness, and inexpensiveness properties of plastic make it favorable to be used in daily life, including in Salatiga. However, plastic is one of some non-biodegradable materials that could lead to soil and water pollution as it contains toxic compounds such as aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalates, and organochlorine. Various studies in municipal solid waste management have been conducted. While those studies often applied various approaches separately
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31

SMIRNOV, Valerii V. "An analysis of the debt redemption trends under the agreement with the Bank of Russia." Finance and Credit 29, no. 3 (2023): 641–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/fc.29.3.641.

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Subject. This article examines the trends of debt securities owned by Russian banks transferred under a buyback agreement with the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. Objectives. The article aims to determine the parameters of the above-noted trends. Methods. For the study, I used a systems approach based on the methods of statistical, neural network, and cluster analyses. Results. The article identifies the priority of domestic ruble-denominated borrowings and defines the necessary relationships between ruble-denominated debt securities of non-residents and government (municipal) euro-den
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32

SMIRNOV, Valerii V. "The Role of the Bank of Russia's Repo agreements in Ensuring the financial sector's stability." Digest Finance 30, no. 1 (2025): 4–23. https://doi.org/10.24891/df.30.1.4.

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Анотація:
Subject. This article examines the issues related to repo agreements of the Bank of Russia. Objectives. The article aims to determine the role of repo agreements of the Bank of Russia in ensuring the stability of the financial sector. Methods. For the study, I used analysis and synthesis, special economic and mathematical methods, in particular, and correlation and regression analysis. Results. The article determines the impact of the Bank of Russia's repo agreements on the process of balancing between the needs of the banking system and regulatory measures in the context of maintaining the mu
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33

Ismiraj, Muhammad Rifqi, Asri Wulansari, Yadi Setiadi, Aditia Pratama, and Novi Mayasari. "Perceptions of Community-Based Waste Bank Operators and Customers on Its Establishment and Operationalization: Cases in Pangandaran, Indonesia." Sustainability 15, no. 14 (2023): 11052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151411052.

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Анотація:
There is a lack of awareness and understanding of how to manage waste effectively in Indonesia, especially in coastal rural areas. This paper discusses the important issues in waste management and proposes effective waste management practices in Indonesia. This paper also provides a case study involving the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the waste bank project in Pangandaran, Indonesia, and its impact on the community, reflected by the perceptions of its operators and customers, which was achieved through several questionnaires. The results showed that waste banks are a viable option
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34

Fedulova, S. F. "MEASURES OF FINANCIAL BACK-UP FOR POPULATION UNDER FINACIAL SANCTIONS AND DETERIORATION OF GEOPOLITICAL AND ECONOMIC SITUATUTION." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 32, no. 3 (2022): 467–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2022-32-3-467-473.

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The article analyzes measures of financial back-up for population as a response to the latest round of sanctions against the branches of Russian economy. The author investigates measures of financial back-up for population related to loan payments, taxes, deposit operations, property insurance, employment services. The article aims to describe bank problems, caused by the increase in deposit rates resulted from the growth of key interest rate and their solutions. The author carries out the analysis of dynamics of crediting volumes and increase loan debts, output and input of population money t
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35

Rajguru, Vijayendra, and Gursheen Kaur Gill. "A Survey to Predict Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease Using ACSM Risk Factor Categories Amongst Officer Grade Bank Employees." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 14, no. 7 (2024): 330–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240743.

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The present study aims to find out the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors based on the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) risk factor guidelines among officer-grade bank employees. A cross-sectional survey with a sample size representing the target population was conducted. The study employed a structured questionnaire, ascertaining the risk factors of family history, lifestyle, and physiological parameters. The ACSM risk factors are significantly correlated with the incidences of CAD and are good indicators to predict the likelihood of suffering from CAD. It furt
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36

Gam, Eunice Nnete, and Cyprian N. Tom. "Solid Waste Management in Owerri Municipal: A Review." International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management 7, no. 3 (2025): 841–47. https://doi.org/10.35629/5252-0703841847.

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Анотація:
The current waste management practices in Owerri municipality was reviewed in this research as well as the present solid waste collection services being rendered to the residents. Eleven sample locations were selected for this research, namely, Obinze, Nekede, Ihiagwa, Avu, Douglas road, Wetheral, Mbaise road, Okigwe road, Orji, World Bank and Naze junction. The investigation drew on previous studies carried out and on questionnaire survey, personal observation and one-on-one interaction with relevant waste management authorities and field workers in the municipality. Results showed that Owerr
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37

А.О., Свистун. "МОДЕЛЬ БІЗНЕСУ НІМЕЦЬКОГО БАНКУ РОЗВИТКУ KFW". Economics and Management, № 86(2) (22 травня 2020): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36919/2312-7812.2.2020.113.

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An analysis of the German development bank’s business model indicates that KfW does not compete with commercial banks that are partners for it. That is, his business is based on the fundamental principle of subsidiarity. Thus, the National Development Bank helps to eliminate the shortcomings of the market mechanism, and among the priorities is the support of small and medium-sized businesses. Despite the global nature of its activities, 84% of the bank’s operations account for the national economy, and a significant part of international projects is aimed primarily at supporting the economic i
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38

A.O., Madreimov. "ISSUES OF ATTRACTING BORROWINGS FROM THE CAPITAL MARKET TO THE LOCAL BUDGET." Thematics Journal of Business Management 11, no. 7 (2021): 3–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5679405.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> This article is devoted to the study of characteristics of debt instruments raised by local governments from the capital market. In addition, the article analyzes advantages and disadvantages of debt financing are analyzed. Herewith the municipal budget deficit of municipal bonds has been studied as an essential tool in the independent solution of problems related to subsidies received from the higher budget.
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39

Zaytsev, M. V. "Municipal Credit Institutitions of Saratov in Late XIX – Early XX Century." Izvestiya of Saratov University. History. International Relations 11, no. 1 (2011): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-4907-2011-11-1-101-107.

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Research is devoted to the credit institutions existed in Saratov in the late XIX – early XX century and was in charge of the Saratov city duma: to public bank, а pawnshop and a city credit association. The author cites the basic and economic development of the city. Credit institutions are considered as the importans component of a municipal system of Saratov in this period.
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40

Zhen, Zongao, Hao Zhang, Mi Yan, et al. "Experimental study on characteristics of municipal solid waste (MSW) in typical cites of Indonesia." Progress in Energy & Fuels 8, no. 1 (2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/pef.v8i1.716.

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&lt;p&gt;A clear understanding of the basic characteristics of municipal solid waste is the basis for the investigation of appropriate disposal technique. Municipal solid wastes subdivided into 7 categories were sampled in 7 typical cities of Indonesia in this study. The physical composition, chemical properties of the municipal solid waste, as well as the impact of seasonal and geographical changes on the physical composition have been investigated. The physical and chemical characteristics of municipal solid waste in Indonesia is understood in detail.&lt;br /&gt;The average percent content o
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41

Фомин, Максим, Юлия Лахно, and Александр Пышнограй. "MUNICIPAL BONDS AS A TOOL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE." Public Administration Issues, no. 2 (June 20, 2019): 185–210. https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2019-0-2-185-210.

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The study explores financing of infrastructure projects using municipal bonds. The problems of the municipal infrastructure deficit (taking into account the territorial conditions of Russia – first of all, its expanse and spatial disproportionality) – are of particular importance. Only low-category repair of road networks and infra-objects was carried out in this area, which did not at all contribute to the improvement of the living environment. The coordinated and progressive development of the municipal infrastructure not only contributes to the retention of the local population, but also in
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42

Kozak, Sylwester. "The Use of Municipal Bonds in Financing Regional Economic Development in Poland." Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne 12, no. 3 (2019): 254–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ers-2019-0023.

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SummarySubject and purpose of work: The article presents an analysis of the use of municipal bonds in financing the development activities of local governments in Poland.Materials and methods: The study uses data from the Ministry of Finance, the European Central Bank, the Central Statistical Office and the CATALYST platform.Results: The results of the research show that the level of using bonds by local governments in Poland is lower than the EU average. Poland’s accession to the EU and the inflow of structural funds significantly increased local governments’ interest in the implementation of
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43

Rana, Bikash. "Determinants Influencing Banking Practices among Municipal Residents." Devkota Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 5, no. 1 (2023): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/djis.v5i1.61743.

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Sustaining financial stability and managing family finances require the application of sound banking practices. Finding the important variables that affect city dwellers’ banking preferences is the main goal of this study. The research was conducted in the Rupandehi District of Nepal, specifically located in the Lumbini Zone within the Western Development Region, specifically within the Tilottama Municipality. A diverse range of individuals, encompassing various age groups, genders, occupations, and educational backgrounds, actively participated in the study by diligently completing comprehens
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44

Ndongo, Mebometa, and Juan-Luis Klein. "The World Bank and the Building of Local Institutionality in Senegal: A Path toward Municipal Adjustment." Urban Studies Research 2013 (July 22, 2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/301068.

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This paper examines the impacts of municipal adjustment strategies on territorial governance in Africa, with specific reference to Senegal, as the result of the action of the World Bank. The paper identifies the process through which the World Bank is reconfiguring the system of actors and changing the local institutional environment to embody its philosophy of governance modernization. The paper shows how the local actor is brought to contribute to the new focus on governance and the reshaping of local institutions, which together comprise a type of urban development that aligns with the tene
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45

Sedmihradská, Lucie. "Fiscal savings of Czech municipalities: Precaution or inaction of their administration?" Review of Economic Perspectives 23, no. 3 (2023): 203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2023-0007.

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Анотація:
Abstract Czech municipalities keep a substantial and growing volume of bank deposits. An analysis of determinants of unreserved deposits in 2021 suggests that municipalities are precautionary and accumulate fiscal reserves if they can and do so to stabilize their budget management. Signs of low activity of municipal administration such as low creation of new assets and low execution of the approved budget were not related to the volume of unreserved deposits in 2021. The change in the impact of the municipal debt on fiscal savings from strongly negative to weakly positive between 2016 and 2021
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46

SMIRNOV, Valerii V. "Financial capacity of the Russian economy." Finance and Credit 30, no. 7 (2024): 1604–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/fc.30.7.1604.

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Анотація:
Subject. This article characterizes the financial potential of the Russian economy. Objectives. The article aims to determine the financial potential to stimulate economic growth. Methods. For the study, I used analysis and synthesis, correlation and regression analysis, and the graphical method. Results. The article finds a decrease in the requirements of the Central Bank to credit institutions and an increase in the requirements of credit institutions to the Central Bank. The study shows an increase in the trade balance and a decrease in debt securities owned by Russian banks transferred und
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47

Ming Chew, Chun, K. M. David Ng, H. H. Richard Ooi, and W. M. Z. W. Ismail. "Malaysia's largest river bank filtration and ultrafiltration systems for municipal drinking water production." Water Practice and Technology 10, no. 1 (2015): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2015.008.

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This paper presents a case study of Wakaf Bunut water treatment plant (the ‘plant’) in Kelantan, Malaysia. The plant was successfully commissioned in February 2013 and started operating in March 2013. It is capable of supplying up to 14 million liters a day of potable water to Tok Bali. Feasibility studies were carried out on the combination of river bank filtration (RBF) and ultrafiltration (UF) to reduce operating costs while maintaining filtrate quality. The plant is the largest municipal drinking water treatment plant in Malaysia using combined RBF and UF technologies. Actual operating dat
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48

Halstead, John M., Shantaram Hegde, and Linda Schmid Klein. "Orange County Bankruptcy: Financial Contagion in the Municipal Bond and Bank Equity Markets." Financial Review 39, no. 2 (2004): 293–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0732-8516.2004.00077.x.

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49

ANDRONYAK, IVAN. "Problems of regulating activities aimed at providing state and municipal services during a complex epidemic situation." Public Administration 24, no. 3 (2022): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2070-8378-2022-24-3-14-19.

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The article examines the process of providing state and municipal services during the spread of new coronavirus infections. The author describes the stages of legal acts regulating the provision of state and municipal services (obtaining a driver’s license, the validity of expired documents), new services (monthly payments to families with children, additional benefits for child support, monthly payments of child support, payments to doctors, registering benefits for loss of employment), and mechanisms for their implementation, including the development of the public services portal (“Gosuslug
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50

Piesha, Iryna. "YOUTH BANKS AS AN INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR YOUTH PARTICIPATION." Social work and social education, no. 1(10) (May 31, 2023): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2618-0715.1(10).2023.281656.

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One of the forms of youth participation that has proved its effectiveness is represented by youthbanks, which successfully operate in different countries of the world. A youth bank is a youthorganization, which supports youth initiatives by providing financial aid for youth projects, whichare being implemented by youth in territorial communities. There are several models for organization of youth bank operations, but the major “features” that differentiate youth banks from other youth programs are that young people conduct grant competitions of youth projects by themselves as well as on their
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