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Статті в журналах з теми "Muscular mass":
1
Kukic, Filip, Aleksandar Cvorovic, Jay Dawes, Robin M. Orr, and Milivoj Dopsaj. "Relations of body voluminosity and indicators of muscularity with physical performance of police employees: pilot study." Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences 4, no. 111 (2018): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v4i111.675.
Анотація:
Background. Activities like running, push-ups and sit-ups may be impacted by a higher body volume and size whether it is due to the amount of fat mass (FM) or skeletal muscle mass (SMM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in physical performance among muscularly developed police employees with higher body mass index (BMI) levels. Methods. Twenty (n = 20) male police employees were divided in 3 groups by BMI but defined by significantly different skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI): muscular (n = 7, BMI < 25 kg/m 2 , SMMI ≥ 13.16 kg/m 2 ), very muscular (n = 7, BMI = 25–27.5 kg/m 2 , SMMI = 13.17–14.10 kg/m 2 ), and highly muscular (n = 6, BMI > 27.5 kg/m 2 , SMMI ≥ 14.10 kg/m 2 ). Body composition components (FM, SMM, percent of fat mass [PFM], percent of skeletal muscle mass [PSMM], SMMI) were assessed by multichannel bioelectrical impedance. The differences in performance of the 50-meter sprint run (RU50), 1-minute push-up (PU), 1-minute sit-up (SU), and 800-meter run (RU800) between BMI groups were statistically tested by a univariate analysis of variance with a Bonferroni post-hoc test. Results. Highly muscular participants performed fewer SU than muscular (8.14 repetitions, p = .004) and very muscular (6.42 repetitions, p = .021) participants, and run slower on RU800 test (52.57 s, p = .034 and 51.71 s, p = .038, respectively). Conclusion. Physical performance may be negatively impacted in highly muscular police employees once BMI gets above 27.5 kg/m 2 and SMMI above 14.10 kg/m 2 .
2
Pinzón Ríos, Ft, MSc, Iván Darío. "Loss of Muscle Mass Induced by Aging." Revista Ciencias de la Salud 17, no. 2 (June 4, 2019): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/revsalud/a.7925.
Анотація:
Introducción: la población mundial envejece rápidamente y comprender los cambios anatomofuncionales del músculo permite implementar acciones eficaces en este grupo etario. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar, por medio de una revisión de literatura científica, los avances actuales de los procesos moleculares relacionados con la pérdida de masa muscular inducida por el envejecimiento. Materiales y métodos: se revisaron las causas moleculares de la pérdida de masa muscular inducida por el envejecimiento, mediante artículos científicos publicados desde 2006 hasta 2016 en las bases Pubmed, Scielo y PEDro, combinando los términos: muscular aging, exercise y physical therapy. Resultados: se determinaron tres apartados: 1) sarcopenia y envejecimiento, 2) vías moleculares de la pérdida de masa muscular inducida por el envejecimiento y 3) envejecimiento, ejercicio y funcionalidad. Conclusión: conocer las bases moleculares de la pérdida de masa muscular inducida por el envejecimiento permite al fisioterapeuta comprender, evaluar e intervenir los mecanismos relacionados para realizar acciones que mejoren la funcionalidad y calidad de vida de los adultos mayores.
3
Oka, Nariko, and Harumi Hamasoto. "Nutritional Condition and Muscular Features of Wintering Long-Billed Murrelets in Japan." Condor 103, no. 4 (November 1, 2001): 874–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/103.4.874.
Анотація:
Abstract We analyzed the nutritional condition and morphological characteristics of wintering Long-billed Murrelets (Brachyramphus perdix) in Japan. These birds were well nourished with an average body mass of 293 g, composed of a mean total body fat of 40.7 g (14%). The fat deposit was equivalent to an average energy reserve of 2.5 days at the estimated energy consumption of 615 kJ day−1 or 2.1 kJ g−1 day−1. Muscle mass consisted mainly of water (73%) and fat-free dry matter (26%), with small amounts of fat. Uropygial glands consisted of 33% fat and 17% fat-free dry matter, with 48% water. Long-billed Murrelets were characterized by large pectoral (26% of fat-free body mass) and small leg muscles (2% of fat-free body mass). We believe that these muscular traits, which contrast with those of alcids breeding at coastal colonies, reflect specific adaptations to inland nesting and long-distance foraging. Condición Nutricional y Características Musculares durante el Período de Invernada de Brachyramphus perdix en Japón Resumen. Analizamos la condición nutricional y características morfológicas durante el período de invernada de Brachyramphus perdix en Japón. Estas aves se encontraron bien alimentadas con una masa corporal promedio de 293 g, compuesta por una media de grasa corporal total de 40.7 g (14%). El depósito de grasa fue equivalente a una reserva energética promedio de 2.5 dias a una tasa de consumo energético estimada en 615 kJ día−1 o 2.1 kJ g−1 día−1. La masa muscular estuvo representada principalmente por agua (73%) y materia seca libre de grasa (26%), con pequeñas cantidades de grasa. Las glándulas uropigiales presentaron 33% de grasa y 17% de materia seca libre de grasa, con un 48% de agua. B. perdix se caracteriza por tener músculos pectorales grandes (26% de la masa corporal libre de grasa) y pequeños músculos en las piernas (2% de la masa corporal libre de grasa). Creemos que estos rasgos musculares, que contrastan con los de aves de la Familia Alcidae que nidifican en colonias en la costa, reflejan adaptaciones específicas para nidificar tierra adentro y forrajear a larga distancia.
4
TINSLEY, GRANT M., AUSTIN J. GRAYBEAL, M. LANE MOORE, and BRETT S. NICKERSON. "Fat-free Mass Characteristics of Muscular Physique Athletes." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 51, no. 1 (January 2019): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000001749.
5
Anchuela, J., L. Gomez-Pellico, M. Ferrer-Blanco, M. Slocker, and R. Rodriguez. "Muscular function and bone mass after knee arthroplasty." International Orthopaedics 25, no. 4 (June 27, 2001): 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002640100234.
6
Lee, Dongmin, Kyengho Byun, Moon-Hyon Hwang, and Sewon Lee. "Augmentation Index Is Inversely Associated with Skeletal Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength, and Anaerobic Power in Young Male Adults: A Preliminary Study." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (April 1, 2021): 3146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11073146.
Анотація:
Arterial stiffness is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Previous studies have shown that there is a negative correlation between arterial stiffness and variables such as skeletal muscle mass, muscular strength, and anaerobic power in older individuals. However, little research has been undertaken on relationships in healthy young adults. This study presents a preliminary research that investigates the association between arterial stiffness and muscular factors in healthy male college students. Twenty-three healthy young males (23.9 ± 0.5 years) participated in the study. The participants visited the laboratory, and variables including body composition, blood pressure, arterial stiffness, blood parameters, grip strength, and anaerobic power were measured. Measurements of augmentation index (AIx) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were performed to determine arterial stiffness. There were significant positive correlations among skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, and anaerobic power in healthy young adult males. AIx was negatively associated with a skeletal muscle mass (r = −0.785, p < 0.01), muscular strength (r = −0.500, p < 0.05), and anaerobic power (r = −0.469, p < 0.05), respectively. Likewise, AIx@75 corrected with a heart rate of 75 was negatively associated with skeletal muscle mass (r = −0.738, p < 0.01), muscular strength (r = −0.461, p < 0.05), and anaerobic power (r = −0.420, p < 0.05) respectively. However, the baPWV showed no correlation with all muscular factors. Our findings suggest that maintaining high levels of skeletal muscle mass, muscular strength, and anaerobic power from relatively young age may lower AIx.
7
Macedo, Osmair Gomes de, Maria Filomena Soares Vieira, Carlota Leão da Cunha, and Vasco Miguel Ferreira. "Differences in body composition between affected and nonaffected sides in cerebral palsy football athletes: Preliminary findings (Diferencias en la composición corporal entre los lados afectados y no afectados em atletas de fútbol con parálisis cerebral:." Retos 44 (November 20, 2021): 416–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v44i0.89905.
Анотація:
To verify the symmetry of body composition distribution in cerebral palsy (CP) football players with hemiparesis, was carried out a cross-sectional study with17 football-7-a-side players with CP and hemiparesis, level I according to the Gross Motion Function Classification System and as class 7 according to the International Federation of CP Football. The body composition was evaluated, on both affected and nonaffected sides, by anthropometry and bioimpedance. As a result, fat free mass weight, limb girths and limb muscular areas were significantly higher on nonaffected side. In addition, fat mass weight, limb skinfolds and lower limb fat areas were significantly lower on nonaffected side, but the arm fat area are similar on both sides. These findings suggested that physical requirements of training and competitions of 7-a-side-football allows the muscular development in the non-affected side, however, they are not enough for the muscular development in the affected side to reach a similar development to the non-affected side.
Resumen: Para verificar la simetría de la distribución de la composición corporal en jugadores de fútbol con parálisis cerebral (PC) y hemiparesia, se realizó un estudio transversal con 17 jugadores de fútbol 7 con PC y hemiparesia, nivel I según el Gross Motion Function Classification System, y como clase 7 según la International Federation of CP Football. La composición corporal se evaluó, tanto en el lado afectado como en el no afectado, mediante antropometría y bioimpedancia. Como resultado, el peso de la masa libre de grasa, la circunferencia de las extremidades y las áreas musculares de las extremidades fueron significativamente mayores en el lado no afectado. Además, el peso de la masa grasa, los pliegues cutáneos de las extremidades y las áreas de grasa de las extremidades inferiores fueron significativamente menores en el lado no afectado, pero el área de grasa del brazo es similar en ambos lados. Estos resultados sugirieron que los requisitos físicos del entrenamiento y las competiciones de fútbol 7 permiten el desarrollo muscular en el lado no afectado, sin embargo, no son suficientes para que el desarrollo muscular del lado afectado alcance un desarrollo similar al del lado no afectado.
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Mayer, John M., James L. Nuzzo, Ren Chen, William S. Quillen, Joe L. Verna, Rebecca Miro, and Simon Dagenais. "The Impact of Obesity on Back and Core Muscular Endurance in Firefighters." Journal of Obesity 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/729283.
Анотація:
The purpose of this study was to assess the relationships between obesity and measures of back and core muscular endurance in firefighters.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in career firefighters without low back pain. Obesity measures included body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage assessed with air displacement plethysmography. Muscular endurance was assessed with the Modified Biering Sorensen (back) and Plank (core) tests. Relationships were explored usingt-tests and regression analyses.Results. Of the 83 participants enrolled, 24 (29%) were obese (BMI ≥ 30). Back and core muscular endurance was 27% lower for obese participants. Significant negative correlations were observed for BMI and body fat percentage with back and core endurance (r= −0.42 to −0.52). Stepwise regression models including one obesity measure (BMI, body fat percentage, and fat mass/fat-free mass), along with age and self-reported physical exercise, accounted for 17–19% of the variance in back muscular endurance and 29–37% of the variance in core muscular endurance.Conclusions. Obesity is associated with reduced back and core muscular endurance in firefighters, which may increase the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. Obesity should be considered along with back and core muscular endurance when designing exercise programs for back pain prevention in firefighters.
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Robin, Nathaniel H. "Congenital Muscular Torticollis." Pediatrics In Review 17, no. 10 (October 1, 1996): 374–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.17.10.374.
Анотація:
Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) refers to unilateral contracture of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle that restricts the infant's range of motion at the neck, with the head tilted toward the shortened SCM and the chin rotated to point away from the affected side. Although a mass often is palpable in the inferior part of the affected SCM, in many cases this is not appreciated in the immediate newborn period; the condition may be recognized only as the infant develops better head control over the first few weeks of life, making the head tilt more obvious. Potential complications of CMT include facial asymmetry and plagiocephaly from the uneven tension produced by the contracted SCM as well as cervical scoliosis, with a compensatory thoracic scoliosis.
10
Vera, Kathryn, Mary McConville, Michael Kyba, and Manda Keller-Ross. "Resting metabolic rate in adults with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 46, no. 9 (September 2021): 1058–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2020-1119.
Анотація:
This study aimed to determine whether resting metabolic rate (RMR) is altered in adults with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). Eleven people with FSHD (51 ± 12yrs, 2 females) and 11 controls (48 ± 14 yrs, 2 females) completed 1 visit, including 30-minutes of indirect calorimetry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning. RMR was calculated from resting oxygen consumption/carbon dioxide production; regional/whole-body fat mass and lean mass were collected from the DXA scan. Absolute RMR was 15% lower in FSHD (p = 0.04); when normalized to regional/local lean mass, no differences in RMR were observed (p > 0.05). Absolute RMR was correlated with total lean mass for all participants combined (p < 0.01, r = 0.70, males only: p < 0.01, r = 0.81) and when analyzed separately (FSHD males: p = 0.001, r = 0.92 and control males: p = 0.004, r = 0.85). Whole-body lean mass was 16% lower in FSHD and leg, arm and appendicular lean mass were lower in FSHD (p < 0.05 for all), though trunk lean mass was not (p = 0.15). Whole-body fat mass was 45% higher in FSHD, with greater leg fat mass (p = 0.01), but not trunk or arm fat mass (p > 0.05 for both). When RMR was expressed relative to lean body mass, no differences in RMR were found, indicating that the lower levels of lean mass observed in FSHD patients likely contribute to the lower absolute RMR values. Novelty: RMR is lower among people with FSHD, as compared with controls. The reduced RMR among people with FSHD is due to disease-related loss in muscle mass and likely related to lower physical activity and/or exercise levels.
Дисертації з теми "Muscular mass":
1
Sanchez, Fernanda Figueirôa [UNESP]. "Função e massa muscular em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88569.
Анотація:
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sanchez_ff_dr_botfm.pdf: 1771868 bytes, checksum: 429488c50f3fd192853726c00c1fd7c1 (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) apresenta manifestações sistêmicas e, dentre entre elas, as alterações nutricionais são bastante evidentes. A perda de peso e o índice de massa do corpo (IMC) foram os primeiros indicadores do estado nutricional relacionados ao prognóstico em pacientes com DPOC. Entretanto, estudos recentes ressaltam a maior prevalência da depleção da massa magra do corpo (MMC) nestes pacientes. Embora algumas repercussões da depleção da MMC em pacientes com DPOC sejam conhecidas, as informações sobre a distribuição, mecanismos e características das alterações parecem contraditórios. Alguns estudos sustentam a idéia de que a fraqueza muscular é proporcional à perda de massa muscular. Por outro lado, os resultados de estudos recentes sugerem que as alterações qualitativas ou funcionais são mecanismos, adicionais à atrofia, envolvidos na disfunção muscular de pacientes com DPOC. Outro aspecto contraditório é o envolvimento de diferentes grupos musculares; alguns estudos mostram que a função dos músculos dos membros superiores (MMSS) encontra-se relativamente preservada enquanto outros sugerem a existência de fraqueza muscular generalizada. O impacto da disfunção muscular na endurance e na tolerância ao exercício também é controverso. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a prevalência e as repercussões da depleção da massa muscular sistêmica e localizada em pacientes com DPOC. Foram avaliados sessenta e dois pacientes com DPOC atendidos no Ambulatório de Pneumologia da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – UNESP; vinte e seis pacientes (VEF1: 49,0±18,0%) com depleção de MMC e trinta e seis pacientes...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents significant systemic manifestations and, among them, the nutritional alterations are very important. Loss of body weight and the body mass index (BMI) were the first indicators of the nutritional status related to the prognosis in patients with COPD. However, recent studies have shown the predominance of the fat-free mass (FFM) depletion in these patients. Although some consequences of FFM depletion are well known, information regarding the distribution, mechanism and characteristics of the modification remains unclear. Some researches support the idea that the muscular weakness is proportional to the loss of FFM. On the other hand, results of recent investigations suggest that either the qualitative or functional alterations are mechanisms, additional to the atrophy, involved in the muscular dysfunction in patients with COPD. Another controversial aspect is related to the involvement of different muscular groups; some findings show that the function of the upper-limb muscles are relatively preserved while others suggest the existence of generalized muscular weakness. The impact of the muscular dysfunction in the endurance function and in exercise tolerance is also controversial. The goals of this research were to evaluate the prevalence and the consequences of the systemic and peripheral FFM depletion in patients with COPD. Sixty-two patients with COPD attending to the respiratory outpatient clinic (Botucatu School of Medicine UNESP) were included in the study; twenty-six (FEV1: 49.0l18.0%) with FFM depletion and thirty-six (FEV1: 59.8l24.4%) without FFM depletion. The depletion was characterized by the presence of FFM index <15 kg/m2, for women, and <16 kg/m2, for men. Patients were, in average, 64.0l9.3 years old and 68% were male... (Complete abstract, access undermentioned eletronic address)
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Neves, Ricardo Pereira. "Efeito de diferentes frequências de treinamento no desempenho de força máxima e hipertrofia muscular em indivíduos treinados." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/39/39135/tde-08052018-143220/.
Анотація:
Introdução: O estado de treinamento é um dos fatores que podem influenciar na frequência de treinamento, e de fato, evidências têm sugerido que sujeitos previamente treinados tenham necessidade de realizar o treinamento de força (TF) em maiores frequências semanais, com intuito de aumentar o desempenho de força e a massa muscular. Objetivo: Comparar as alterações no desempenho de força dinâmica máxima (1RM) dos membros inferiores e na área de secção transversa (AST) do músculo quadríceps femoral, após a realização de um programa de treinamento de força distribuído em diferentes frequências semanais, em um grupo de indivíduos previamente treinados em força. Materiais e Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 24 sujeitos do sexo masculino, com idade entre 18 e 35 anos, que participaram de um programa de TF de nove semanas. Os sujeitos foram distribuídos em duas condições: TFVE - treinamento de força com volumes equalizados e, TFVN - treinamento de força com volumes não equalizados. O protocolo de TF utilizou o exercício leg press 45º (unilateral) como único exercício, e deste modo, cada um dos membros inferiores (MMII) foi submetido a uma das frequências semanais de treinamento propostas (i.e., uma e três vezes). O teste de 1RM no exercício leg press 45º (unilateral) e as medidas de AST do músculo quadríceps femoral foram realizados nos momentos pré e pós-treinamento. Resultados: Os aumentos nos valores de 1RM foram significantes (p<0,001) e similares, nas diferentes frequências de TF tanto da condição TFVE (16,0 ± 10,0% e 17,2 ± 12,2% para uma e três vezes por semana, respectivamente) quanto da condição TFVN (19,4 ± 13,1% e 24,6 ± 14,2% para uma e três vezes por semana, respectivamente). Para AST, também houve aumentos significantes (p<0,001) e similares, nas diferentes frequências de TF tanto da condição TFVE (2,1 ± 2,1% e 2,0 ± 2,8% para uma e três vezes por semana, respectivamente) quanto da condição TFVN (1,5 ± 2,6% e 4,1 ± 5,0% para uma e três vezes por semana, respectivamente). Quando o effect size (ES) e o intervalo de confiança (IC) foram calculados, pôde-se observar que a maior frequência de treinamento apresentou melhores resultados nos valores de 1RM e AST, somente quando foi permitida a realização de um maior volume de treinamento (i.e., TFVN). Conclusão: O TF realizado três vezes por semana demonstrou aumentos de 1RM e AST similares àquele realizado somente uma vez, independentemente ou não da equalização do volume de treinamento. Quando a maior frequência de TF pôde proporcionar um maior volume total de treinamento, valores significantes do IC do ES foram observados para ambas as adaptações. Portanto, se indivíduos treinados necessitam de maiores volumes de treinamento para que sejam observados aumentos tanto na força quanto na massa muscular, alternativas como o aumento da frequência do TF podem ser consideradasIntroduction: Training status is one of the factors that may influence training frequency, and in fact, evidence has suggested that previously trained subjects need to perform strength training (ST) at higher weekly frequencies, in order to increase strength and muscle mass. Objective: To compare the changes in lower limbs maximal dynamic strength (1RM) and in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the quadriceps femoris muscle, after performing a strength training program distributed at different weekly frequencies in a group of previously strength trained individuals. Materials and Methods: The sample was composed of 24 male subjects, aged between 18-35 years, who participated in a 9-week ST program. The subjects were divided into two conditions: STEV - strength training with equalized volumes and, STUV - strength training with unequalized volumes. The ST protocol used the leg press 45º exercise (unilateral) as the only exercise, and thus, each lower limb was submitted to one of the proposed weekly training frequencies (i.e., one and three times). The 1RM test in the leg press 45º exercise (unilateral) and the CSA measurements of the quadriceps femoris muscle were performed at the pre and post training moments. Results: The increases in the 1RM values were significant (p<0.001) and similar, in the different ST frequencies of the STEV condition (16.0 ± 10.0% and 17.2 ± 12.2% for one and three times a week, respectively) and STUV condition (19.4 ± 13.1% and 24.6 ± 14.2% for one and three times a week, respectively). For CSA, there were also similar and significant increases (p<0.001), in the different ST frequencies of the STEV condition (2.1 ± 2.1% and 2.0 ± 2.8% for one and three times a week, respectively) and STUV condition (1.5 ± 2.6% and 4.1 ± 5.0% for one and three times a week, respectively). When the effect size (ES) and the confidence interval (CI) were calculated, it was observed that the higher training frequency presented better results in the 1RM and CSA values, only when it was allowed to perform a higher training volume (i.e., STUV). Conclusion: The ST performed three times a week, showed 1RM and CSA increases similar the one performed only once, regardless of training volume equalization. When the higher frequency of ST allowed a greater total volume of training, significant values of the CI of the ES were observed for both adaptations. Therefore, if trained individuals require higher training volumes to increase strength and muscle mass, alternatives such as increased ST frequency can be considered
3
Sanchez, Fernanda Figueirôa. "Função e massa muscular em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88569.
Анотація:
Orientador: Irmã GodoyBanca: Vitor Zuniga Dourado
Banca: José Alberto Neder
Banca: José Antônio Baddini Martinez
Banca: Sérgio Rupp Paiva
Resumo: A doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) apresenta manifestações sistêmicas e, dentre entre elas, as alterações nutricionais são bastante evidentes. A perda de peso e o índice de massa do corpo (IMC) foram os primeiros indicadores do estado nutricional relacionados ao prognóstico em pacientes com DPOC. Entretanto, estudos recentes ressaltam a maior prevalência da depleção da massa magra do corpo (MMC) nestes pacientes. Embora algumas repercussões da depleção da MMC em pacientes com DPOC sejam conhecidas, as informações sobre a distribuição, mecanismos e características das alterações parecem contraditórios. Alguns estudos sustentam a idéia de que a fraqueza muscular é proporcional à perda de massa muscular. Por outro lado, os resultados de estudos recentes sugerem que as alterações qualitativas ou funcionais são mecanismos, adicionais à atrofia, envolvidos na disfunção muscular de pacientes com DPOC. Outro aspecto contraditório é o envolvimento de diferentes grupos musculares; alguns estudos mostram que a função dos músculos dos membros superiores (MMSS) encontra-se relativamente preservada enquanto outros sugerem a existência de fraqueza muscular generalizada. O impacto da disfunção muscular na endurance e na tolerância ao exercício também é controverso. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a prevalência e as repercussões da depleção da massa muscular sistêmica e localizada em pacientes com DPOC. Foram avaliados sessenta e dois pacientes com DPOC atendidos no Ambulatório de Pneumologia da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - UNESP; vinte e seis pacientes (VEF1: 49,0±18,0%) com depleção de MMC e trinta e seis pacientes... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents significant systemic manifestations and, among them, the nutritional alterations are very important. Loss of body weight and the body mass index (BMI) were the first indicators of the nutritional status related to the prognosis in patients with COPD. However, recent studies have shown the predominance of the fat-free mass (FFM) depletion in these patients. Although some consequences of FFM depletion are well known, information regarding the distribution, mechanism and characteristics of the modification remains unclear. Some researches support the idea that the muscular weakness is proportional to the loss of FFM. On the other hand, results of recent investigations suggest that either the qualitative or functional alterations are mechanisms, additional to the atrophy, involved in the muscular dysfunction in patients with COPD. Another controversial aspect is related to the involvement of different muscular groups; some findings show that the function of the upper-limb muscles are relatively preserved while others suggest the existence of generalized muscular weakness. The impact of the muscular dysfunction in the endurance function and in exercise tolerance is also controversial. The goals of this research were to evaluate the prevalence and the consequences of the systemic and peripheral FFM depletion in patients with COPD. Sixty-two patients with COPD attending to the respiratory outpatient clinic (Botucatu School of Medicine UNESP) were included in the study; twenty-six (FEV1: 49.0l18.0%) with FFM depletion and thirty-six (FEV1: 59.8l24.4%) without FFM depletion. The depletion was characterized by the presence of FFM index <15 kg/m2, for women, and <16 kg/m2, for men. Patients were, in average, 64.0l9.3 years old and 68% were male... (Complete abstract, access undermentioned eletronic address)
Mestre
4
Guerreiro, Pedro Miguel Tomé. "Caracterização da força muscular, sarcopenia, qualidade de vida e respetivas relações em idosos com e sem osteoartrose." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/29320.
Анотація:
Objetivos: Caracterizar comparativamente os níveis de força, massa muscular e qualidade de vida em idosos a residir na comunidade com e sem osteoartrose e considerar as associações entre estes três parâmetros.
Metodologia: Estudo resultante de uma análise prospetiva e observacional secundária do “Rastreio da Sarcopenia na região do Algarve”. Os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos: sem osteoartrose e com osteoartrose. Posteriormente, analisou-se a composição corporal, força muscular dos músculos extensores e flexores do joelho, qualidade de vida, funcionalidade e atividade física.
Resultados: Verificaram-se diferenças significativas entre grupos na massa muscular e alguns subdomínios da qualidade de vida. Também se apurou que, em todos os graus de sarcopenia, existe uma proporcionalidade de 60% de osteoartrose. Não se verificou diferenças significativas na força muscular.
Conclusão: A população sem osteoartrose apresenta maiores níveis de massa muscular e qualidade de vida. Supõe-se que a ausência de osteoartrose seja protetora do desenvolvimento de sarcopenia; Abstract:
Characterization of muscle strength, sarcopenia, quality of life and its respective relationships in elderly people with and without osteoarthritis
Objectives: To comparatively characterize the levels of muscle mass, strength, and quality of life in community-dwelling older adults with or without osteoarthritis and to consider the associations between these parameters.
Methodology: This study results from a prospective and secondary observational analysis of the “Sarcopenia Screening in Algarve region”. Participants were divided into two groups: without osteoarthritis and with osteoarthritis. Subsequently, body composition, muscle strength of knee extensor and flexor muscles, quality of life, functionality and physical activity were analyzed.
Results: There were significant differences between groups in muscle mass and some subdomains of quality of life. It was also found that, in all stages of sarcopenia, there is a proportionality of 60% of osteoarthritis. There were no significant differences in muscle strength.
Conclusion: The population without osteoarthritis has higher levels of muscle mass and quality of life. It is assumed that the absence of osteoarthritis is protective of sarcopenia’s development.
5
Lasevicius, Thiago. "Efeito de diferentes intensidades do treinamento de força nos ganhos de força máxima e hipertrofia muscular." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/39/39132/tde-10062016-095506/.
Анотація:
O presente estudo investigou o efeito de diferentes intensidades do treinamento de força (TF), aplicadas com volume total de treino (VTT) equalizado, nos ganhos de força dinâmica máxima (1RM) e massa muscular dos membros superiores e inferiores. Trinta voluntários do sexo masculino, com idade entre 18 e 30 anos, participaram de 12 semanas de TF com uma frequência semanal de duas sessões. Foi utilizado um protocolo de treinamento unilateral com um dos lados do corpo realizando o exercício com intensidade equivalente a 20% 1RM (G20) e o lado contralateral utilizando uma das três intensidades 40%, 60% ou 80% 1RM (G40, G60 e G80, respectivamente). O grupo G20 realizava três séries compostas de repetições até a falha concêntrica e o VTT era calculado e replicado para os demais grupos. A força dinâmica máxima e a área de secção transversa (AST) dos músculos flexores do cotovelo e do vasto lateral foram avaliadas nos momentos pré, 6 semanas e pós-treinamento. Os resultados demonstraram que os grupos G40, G60 e G80 apresentaram ganhos similares de AST (25%, 25,1% e 25%, flexores do cotovelo e 20,5%, 20,4% e 19,5% vasto lateral, respectivamente, p<0,05). Somente o grupo G80 demonstrou diferença significante com o grupo G20 na comparação do período pós-treinamento (25% e 14,4%, respectivamente para os flexores do cotovelo e 19,5% e 7,9%, respectivamente para vasto lateral, p<0,05). Para os ganhos de 1RM o grupo G80 demonstrou maiores aumentos após 12 semanas de TF para a flexão unilateral do cotovelo na posição em pé (54,2% p<0,05) e para o leg press 45º os grupos G60 e G80 demonstraram os maiores aumentos (55,4% e 45,7%, respectivamente, p<0,05). Assim, quando o VTT foi equalizado entre diferentes intensidades (40, 60 e 80% 1RM) os ganhos da AST tanto dos flexores do cotovelo quanto o vasto lateral foram semelhantes e a intensidade de 20% 1RM não causou aumento significante da AST. No que diz respeito a força muscular as intensidades mais elevadas (60% e 80% 1RM) foram superiores em promover ganhos de força do que as demais intensidades utilizadas. Esses dados sugerem que ao equalizar o VTT os ganhos de massa muscular são semelhantes para as intensidades de treinamento entre 40- 80% 1RM. Além disso, a intensidade de 20% 1RM, mesmo com o VTT equalizado com as intensidades maiores, não promove aumentos de massa muscular para ambos os segmentos corporais. Por outro lado, intensidades altas de treinamento produzem os maiores ganhos de força máxima em membros superiores e inferioresThe present study investigated the effect of different resistance training (RT) intensities, with equal total training volume (TTV), on maximal dynamic strength (1RM) and upper and lower limbs muscle cross sectional area (CSA). Thirty men engaged in a twice a week training period for 12 weeks. The study was carried out with a within subject design. Thus, one leg and one arm were set at 20% 1RM (G20) for all subjects and the contralateral side was randomly assigned to one of three possible groups (i.e. G40, G60 and G80, 40%, 60% and 80% 1RM, respectively). The leg and arm that were set at 20% 1RM always started the resistance training session and performed 3 sets to concentric muscle failure. TTV (sets x repetition x mass) was recorded and replicated to other groups. The maximal dynamic strength and elbow flexors and vastus lateralis CSA were assessed at pre, 6 weeks and post intervention. The main results showed similar increases in CSA for G40, G60 and G80 groups (25%, 25,1% and 25%, elbow flexors and 20,5%, 20,4% and 19,5% vastus lateralis, respectively, p<0,05). Only the G80 group showed significant difference from G20 group after 12 weeks of resistance training (25% and 14,4%, respectively for elbow flexors and 19,5% and 7,9%, respectively for vastus lateralis, p<0,05). Regarding 1RM the G80 group showed the greatest increase post 12 weeks of resistance training for elbow flexion (54.2% p<0,05) and for leg press 45º the groups G60 and G80 showed the greatest increases (55.4% e 45.7%, respectively, p<0,05). In summary, when different RT intensities (40, 60 and 80% 1RM) performed the same TTV gains of CSA for elbow flexors and vastus lateralis muscles are similar between them and intensities of 20% 1RM did not result a significant increase in CSA. For muscle strength the highest intensities (60% and 80% 1RM) seemed to be superior to promote strength gains than other intensities. These findings indicate that intensities between 40-80% 1RM with equal TTV can elicit significant increase in muscle hypertrophy in upper and lower limbs; however, high intensities are superior to augment strength adaptations in upper and lower limbs
6
Hotter, Jessica C. "Breaking the Muscular Mold: The Application of Homophily, Credibility, and Physical Attractiveness within Attitude and Perceived Behavioral Control towards Weight Lifting." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83530.
Анотація:
This study extends the Theory of Planned Behavior by drawing on research investigating the 'halo effect,' which posits that physically attractive people are more likely to be hired, get a raise, perceived positively, and/or live happily within certain professions. Extant work has shown this trend is not generalizable across all fields. For example, scientists who are viewed as relatively unattractive and unsociable are perceived as producing higher quality research compared to their more attractive and sociable counterparts. The fitness industry, and the bodybuilding community in particular, presents an interesting issue where muscularity is an indicator of expertise and credibility, however, for female bodybuilders a muscular physique may diminish her perceived attractiveness and diminish such evaluations. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behavior, this study examines how muscularity influences assessments of attractiveness, credibility, and homophily and indirectly influences participants' attitudes and perceived control over theory own weight lifting behavior. Though the hypothesized model was not a good fit, an exploratory respecification of the proposed model shows physical attractiveness plays a central role in assessments of homophily, credibility, and attitude.Master of Arts
7
Sutter, Thibault. "Etude des relations os/muscle et projet de courbes de référence de la densité minérale osseuse et de la composition corporelle chez l’homme jeune : étude multicentrique française." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2006/document.
Анотація:
Notre objectif à court terme est d’établir des courbes de référence Française de la densité osseuse (DMO) et de la composition corporelle masculine une fois que nous aurons toutes les données issues de tous les centres. Nous avons donc réalisé deux études préliminaires dans le cadre de ce projet dont les objectifs sont les suivants :A) Etudier les déterminants de la DMO corps entier mais aussi spécifiques de site osseux en lien avec les mesures de composition corporelle, de force musculaire et de l’activité physique chez l’homme jeune B) Cross-calibration in vitro des paramètres de densité osseuse et de composition corporelle mesurés par l’absorptiométrie bi-photonique à rayons X (DXA) afin d’établir les facteurs correctifs à appliquer in vivo dans le cadre de notre projet de courbe de référence chez l’homme jeune.Grâce à la DXA, notre étude a confirmé que la masse maigre était le facteur le plus important associé aux paramètres de la DMO sur tous les sites osseux étudiés et que la masse grasse avait un impact négatif sur la DMO. Aucune association n'a été trouvée entre activité physique et DMO. La force de préhension était significativement mais modérément corrélée avec la DMO. Concernant la cross-calibration, les résultats ont montré que l’oscillation des résultats entre les différents DXA des centres est un sujet de préoccupation pour les études multicentriques et en particulier pour l’évaluation de la composition corporelle. La cross-calibration nous a permis de calculer les facteurs correctifs à appliquer sur les données issues des centres impliqués. Afin de limiter ces variations, il serait souhaitable de mettre au point un fantôme corps entier standard qui serait utilisé pour les études multicentriquesOur short-term goal is to establish French reference curves of bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition once we have data from all centers. We have therefore carried out two preliminary studies for this project whose objectives are as follows: A) To study the determinants of whole body BMD but also bone site specific in relation to measurements of body composition, muscle strength and physical activity in young men B) Cross-calibration in vitro of bone mineral density and body composition parameters measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in order to establish in vivo the correction factors to be used in our baseline project in young men. Using DXA, our study confirmed that lean mass was the most important factor associated with BMD parameters at all bone sites and fat mass had a negative impact on BMD. Grip strength was significantly but moderately correlated with BMD at all sites. No association was found between physical activity and BMD. Regarding cross-calibration, the results showed that the oscillation of the results between the different DXA centers is a problem for multicenter studies and in particular for the evaluation of body composition. Cross-calibration allowed us to calculate the corrective factors to be applied to the data from the centers involved. In order to limit these variations, it would be desirable to develop a standard whole-body phantom that would be used for multicentre studies
8
Martins, Júnior Helio Alves 1979. "Espectrometria de massas aplicada em estudos de quantificação de hormônios esteroidais na área de medicina veterinária." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/248700.
Анотація:
Orientador: Marcos Nogueira EberlinTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T06:43:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MartinsJunior_HelioAlves_D.pdf: 12398214 bytes, checksum: f76ac9572671aeed993f82ac2167745d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: A Espectrometria de Massas (MS) é uma das técnicas mais empregadas em aplicações bioanalíticas para detecção e quantificação inequívoca de compostos de interesse biológico, provendo informações de extrema relevância para o entendimento dos sistemas biológicos em geral. Neste trabalho, foram realizados estudos de quantificação de hormônios esteroidais por espectrometria de massas no campo da produção animal, por se tratar de uma técnica pouco difundida atualmente na área veterinária. A primeira parte do trabalho consistiu no estudo quantitativo do perfil de quatro hormônios esteroidais em soro de cães da raça Golden Retriever, portadores do gene da distrofia muscular de Duchenne (GRMD). Os animais foram acompanhados durante todas as fases do ciclo estral e os hormônios foram dosados para o entendimento da dinâmica destes compostos ao longo do ciclo. Os resultados comparativos dos níveis hormonais entre os grupos de estudo e o grupo controle apresentaram, pela primeira vez analisados por espectrometria de massas, informações relevantes sobre os níveis destes hormônios. Nossas observações impulsionaram uma importante discussão sobre a correlação das concentrações dos hormônios analisados frente aos sinais clínicos e desenvolvimento da patologia destes animais. A segunda parte deste trabalho consistiu no emprego da espectrometria de massas de alta resolução e exatidão para quantificação de dez hormônios esteroidais em plasma bovino. A metodologia desenvolvida foi aplicada ao estudo dos níveis plasmáticos dos hormônios em vacas clonadas por transferência nuclear de células somáticas (TNCS). Realizou-se um estudos comparativo da cinética dos níveis em plasma dos hormônios no ultimo mês de gestação dos animais clonados, em relação a animais inseminados por fertilização in vitro (FIV) e ao grupo controle, composto por animais de gestação natural. Os resultados mostraram haver alterações na esteroidogênese das vacas portadoras de embriões derivados de técnicas artificiais de gestação e biotecnologia. Foram observadas alterações significativas das rotas de biosíntese e concentrações de hormônios sexuais e corticóides no ultimo mês de gestação dos animais. Estas diferenças e desregulação do processo de biosíntese dos hormônios analisados, promovem alterações das concentrações de hormônios associados ao processo de sinalização de parto, ineficiente em animais clonados por TNCS
Abstract: Mass spectrometry (MS) is one of the most used techniques in bioanalytical applications for detection and unambiguous quantitation of biological compounds, providing information of greatest relevance for the understanding of biological systems. In this thesis, the tandem mass spectrometry has been applied for quantitation of steroid hormones in the field of animal production, as this technique still remains unusual in the veterinary science. The first part of this work consisted in the quantitative profiling study of four steroids in serum of X-linked Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy (GRMD) dogs. The animals were followed during all estrous cycle phases and the hormones were measured to understand the dynamics of these compounds over the estrous cycle. The results comparison among the studied carrier and affected groups versus the control group presented, for the first time by mass spectrometry, relevant information about the levels of these hormones. Our findings stimulated an important discussion about the correlation of the hormones concentrations against clinical signs and development of the pathology of these animals. In the second part of this thesis, the high resolution mass spectrometry was applied for quantification of ten steroid hormones in bovine plasma. The methodology was applied to investigate the steroid plasma levels in cloned-derived catlle by nuclear transfer of somatic cells (SCNT). A comparative study of the plasma steroid dynamics of naturally and artificially conceived bovine pregnancies approaching parturition was carried out. The results revealed changes in the steroidogenesis of recipient cows carrying artificially-derived (ART) conceptuses from biotechnology techniques. Significant changes in the steroids pathway as well as in the concentrations of corticosteroids and sex steroids over the last month of gestation were observed. The steroids pathway dysregulation considerably altered the steroids plasma steroid concentrations in the prior month of parturition contributing to the lack of partutition signaling observed in SCNT-derived pregnant cattle
Doutorado
Quimica Inorganica
Doutor em Ciências
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Salame, Marcelo. "PREVALÊNCIA DE SARCOPENIA E SUA ASSOCIAÇÃO COM PARÂMETROS CLÍNICOS E LABORATORIAIS EM MULHERES IDOSAS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5834.
Анотація:
In the last decade there were a considerable aging of the Brazilian population.
Furthermore, there were also an increasing in elderly people with co-morbidities. One of the
most dramatic co-morbidities of aging is sarcopenia. It is defined as decreased muscle
strength and decreased muscle mass. Sarcopenia is associated with functional
impairment in the elderly. There is no consensus in the standard definition of sarcopenia.
Moreover, the prevalence of sarcopenia in South Brazil is unknown. This study aims to
establish the average muscle mass in young adult population. Additionally, we aim to identify
the best diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia and apply it on the elderly population. Six and sixty
female subjects aged 60 years or older were compared to 39 women between 20 and 40 years.
Body composition, muscle strength and laboratory tests were evaluated. The prevalence of
sarcopenia ranged from 3.1% to 17.20% depending on the diagnostic criteria used. The best
diagnostic criteria were chosen based on ROC curve and Reclassification. The Baumgartner
(10th Percentile) was the best diagnostic criteria with largest association to functional
capacity. This study confirms the presence of Sarcopenia in the studied population. In
addition, we propose a new diagnostic approach for Sarcopenia.O envelhecimento da população brasileira é uma realidade, bem como o consequente aumento de comorbidades próprias dessa faixa etária. Dentre elas, destaca-se a sarcopenia, definida como diminuição da força e da massa muscular, acarretando limitação e prejuízo funcional aos idosos. Até o momento, não existe um padrão da normalidade estabelecido para a região sul do Brasil. Este trabalho visa a estabelecer a média de massa muscular na população adulta jovem e avaliar a prevalência de sarcopenia na população de mulheres idosas. Adicionalmente, visa a avaliar os diferentes critérios de diagnóstico de sarcopenia e sua associação com a capacidade funcional. Trinta e nove mulheres com idade entre 20 e 40 anos e sessenta e cinco mulheres com idade acima de 60 anos foram avaliadas quanto à composição corporal, à força muscular e aos exames laboratoriais. A prevalência de sarcopenia variou de 3,1% a 17,20%, dependendo do critério de diagnóstico utilizado. A avaliação do melhor critério diagnóstico foi feita por meio de Curva ROC e Reclassificação. O critério Baumgartner modificado percentil 10 foi o critério diagnóstico com maior associação à capacidade funcional. Esse estudo confirma a presença de sarcopenia na região sul do Brasil e sugere a necessidade do estabelecimento de novos critérios diagnósticos para esta doença.
10
Watanabe, Selma Chiyoko. "Efeitos da suplementação de aminoácidos de cadeia ramificada para o aumento de massa muscular e redução da gordura corporal: uma revisão sistemática." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/89/89131/tde-02062017-144307/.
Анотація:
A busca pelo aumento da força muscular, em paralelo à diminuição da gordura corporal e melhora do rendimento esportivo, tem levado muitas pessoas ao uso de suplementos de proteínas e/ou aminoácidos, associados com a prática de exercícios físicos. Dentre os inúmeros suplementos de proteínas ou aminoácidos disponíveis no mercado, têm merecido destaque nas últimas décadas os aminoácidos essenciais de cadeia ramificada, também chamados de branched chain amino acids (BCAA\'s). O suplemento chamado de BCAA é uma combinação de três aminoácidos essenciais - L-Leucina, L-Valina e L-Isoleucina. As alegações feitas a esses aminoácidos giram em torno de seus efeitos sobre a síntese proteica no músculo esquelético, diminuição dos danos musculares, redução da gordura corporal e melhora do desempenho físico. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática de estudos clínicos na utilização desses aminoácidos no intuito de aumentar a massa muscular, reduzir a gordura corporal e aumentar o rendimento esportivo, avaliando os resultados obtidos e que comprovem seu uso e segurança. A busca dos artigos nas bases de dados resultou em 7502 artigos. Seguindo todos os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 11 artigos foram selecionados para esta revisão sistemática. A performance foi avaliada em 6 artigos. A massa muscular foi avaliada em 5. Não foram encontrados artigos visando a redução de gordura corporal. A dose de BCAA utilizada foi de 1,2 g até 10g e os estudos ministraram os suplementos na forma de pó, cápsulas e infusão. A melhor relação entre leucina, valina e isoleucina foi de 2:1:1, respectivamente. Considerando que o número de estudos com resultados benéficos praticamente se iguala ao de resultados negativos, mais estudos são necessários para que se comprove os reais benefícios do uso de BCAA como suplemento estratégico para aumentar a massa muscular, reduzir a gordura corporal e aumentar o rendimento esportivo.The search for increased muscle strength, in parallel to decreased in body fat and improved sports performance has led many people to use protein and/or amino acid supplements associated with the practice of physical exercises. Among the numerous supplements of proteins or amino acids available in the market, the branched chain amino acids (BCAA\'s) have deserved prominence in the last decades. The supplement called BCAA is a combination of three essential amino acids - L-Leucine, L-Valine and L-Isoleucine. The claims made to these amino acids revolve around their effects on protein synthesis in skeletal muscle, decreased muscle damage, reduced body fat and improved physical performance. The present study aimed to perform a systematic review of clinical studies in the use of these amino acids in order to increase muscle mass, reduce body fat and increase sports performance, evaluating the results obtained and proving its use and safety. Search for articles in databases resulted in 7502 articles. Following all the exclusion criteria, 11 articles were selected for the present systematic review. The performance was evaluated in 7 articles. The muscle mass was evaluated in 4. The used dose of BCAA ranged from 1.2 g to 10 g and studies have given supplements in the form of powder, capsules and infusion. The best ratio of leucine, valine and isoleucine was 2:1:1, respectively. Considering that the number of studies with beneficial results almost equals that of negative results, more studies are needed to prove the real benefits of using BCAAs as a strategic supplement to increase muscle mass, reduce body fat and increase sports performance.
Книги з теми "Muscular mass":
1
Caffeine: Effects on blood pressure, heart rate, and short term muscular endurance in static exercise of muscle groups of varying mass. 1990.
2
Caffeine: Effects on blood pressure, heart rate, and short term muscular endurance in static exercise of muscle groups of varying mass. 1988.
3
Caffeine: Effects on blood pressure, heart rate and short term muscular endurance in static exercise of muscle groups of varying mass. 1990.
4
Caffeine: Effects on blood pressure, heart rate, and short term muscular endurance in static exercise of muscle groups of varying mass. 1990.
5
Burghes, Arthur H. M., and Vicki L. McGovern. Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0034.
Анотація:
Spinal muscular atrophies affect the lower motor neuron. The most common SMA maps to 5q is an autosomal recessive disorder. SMA is caused by loss or mutation of the SMN1 gene and retention of the SMN2 gene, and these genes lie in a complex area of the genome. Mild missense alleles of SMN1 work to complement SMN2 to give function and therapeutics that restore SMN levels are in clinical testing. Modifiers that lie outside the SMN gene locus and influence severity clearly exist, but what they are remains unknown as do the critical genes affected by SMN deficiency.
6
Zoccali, Carmine, Davide Bolignano, and Francesca Mallamaci. Left ventricular hypertrophy in chronic kidney disease. Edited by David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0107_update_001.
Анотація:
Alterations in left ventricular (LV) mass and geometry and LV dysfunction increase in prevalence from stage 2 to stage 5 in CKD. Nuclear magnetic resonance is the most accurate and precise technique for measuring LV mass and function in patients with heart disease. Quantitative echocardiography is still the most frequently used means of evaluating abnormalities in LV mass and function in CKD. Anatomically, myocardial hypertrophy can be classified as concentric or eccentric. In concentric hypertrophy, the muscular component of the LV (LV wall) predominates over the cavity component (LV volume). Due to the higher thickness and myocardial fibrosis in patients with concentric LVH, ventricular compliance is reduced and the end-diastolic volume is small and insufficient to maintain cardiac output under varying physiological demands (diastolic dysfunction). In those with eccentric hypertrophy, tensile stress elongates myocardiocytes and increases LV end-diastolic volume. The LV walls are relatively thinner and with reduced ability to contract (systolic dysfunction). LVH prevalence increases stepwisely as renal function deteriorates and 70–80% of patients with kidney failure present with established LVH which is of the concentric type in the majority. Volume overload and severe anaemia are, on the other hand, the major drivers of eccentric LVH. Even though LVH may regress after renal transplantation, the prevalence of LVH after transplantation remains close to that found in dialysis patients and a functioning renal graft should not be seen as a guarantee of LVH regression. The vast majority of studies on cardiomyopathy in CKD are observational in nature and the number of controlled clinical trials in these patients is very small. Beta-blockers (carvedilol) and angiotensin receptors blockers improve LV performance and reduce mortality in kidney failure patients with LV dysfunction. Although current guidelines recommend implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in patients with ejection fraction less than 30%, mild to moderate symptoms of heart failure, and a life expectancy of more than 1 year, these devices are rarely offered to eligible CKD patients. Conversion to nocturnal dialysis and to frequent dialysis schedules produces a marked improvement in LVH in patients on dialysis. More frequent and/or longer dialysis are recommended in dialysis patients with asymptomatic or symptomatic LV disorders if the organizational and financial resources are available.
7
Anatomía de la musculación. Guía ilustrada para aumentar la masa muscular y modelar el cuerpo - Edición ampliada y actualizada. Ediciones Tutor, 2018.
8
Carvalho, Ana Beatrice Torres, Marília Leite dos Santos, and Ewertton Bezerra de Souza Bezerra. Idosos institucionalizados: aplicação do treinamento multicomponente. Brazilian Journals Editora, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35587/brj.ed.0001470.
Анотація:
Em decorrência do intenso processo de envelhecimento da população, cresce a necessidade de cuidado ao idoso. As Instituições de longa permanência (ILPI) têm como objetivo garantir a atenção integral às pessoas com mais de 60 anos, defendendo a sua dignidade e os seus direitos, buscando prevenir a redução dos riscos aos quais idosos que não contam com uma moradia ou estrutura familiar se tornam expostos. No entanto, idosos residentes em ILPI, normalmente experimentam um alto nível de incapacidade funcional, déficits cognitivos graves, depressão e baixo nível de atividade física, passando a maior parte do dia envolvido em atividades sedentárias. Sabe-se que a preservação de funções físicas, como força muscular, equilíbrio e mobilidade são fundamentais para manter a capacidade funcional necessária para realização das atividades de vida diária (AVD). Por isso, é importante desenvolver intervenções que ajudem a evitar um estado de incapacidade física entre idosos institucionalizados, preservando assim, sua independência e autonomia. Para tanto, é importante que se adote um mecanismo de avaliação da funcionalidade do idoso, para identificar um possível grau de dependência nos diferentes componentes da aptidão física e assim selecionar intervenções adequadas com o objetivo de promover uma vida mais ativa e melhorar o desempenho das atividades da vida diária. Esta cartilha é um produto que compôs parte do projeto de mestrado realizado em uma ILPI e que utilizou um protocolo de avaliação funcional para identificar o nível de independência do idoso e assim, aplicar um programa de treinamento multicomponente sistematizado e personalizado de acordo com as condições físicas de cada um deles, com o objetivo de melhorar o desempenho físico funcional.
9
Ks, Coach. Mon Carnet de Prise de Masse: Entra�nements - S�che et Prise de Masse Musculaire - Di�t�tique - R�gime Prot�in� - Pr�paration Physique et Mentale - R�cup�ration - R��ducation - R�athl�tisation - Sport Sant� - Planification - Pro - Personnalisable. Independently Published, 2019.
10
Ks, Coach. Mon Carnet de Prise de Masse: Entra�nements - S�che et Prise de Masse Musculaire, Volume - Di�t�tique - R�gime Prot�in� - Pr�paration Physique et Mentale - R�cup�ration - R��ducation - R�athl�tisation - Sport Sant� - Planification - 50 Pages - Pro. Independently Published, 2019.
Частини книг з теми "Muscular mass":
1
Anggi, Viani. "Total Antioxidant from Herbal Medicine as a Possible Tool for the Multifunctional Prevention of Muscular Atrophy." In Muscular Atrophy [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94184.
Анотація:
Muscular atrophy is one of disease by the loss of skeletal muscle mass. So, by the loss in muscle often causes rapid muscle atrophy and the occurs during injury and illness its causes immobilization in spinal muscle mass. Usually, the impact factor of the nervous system in musculoskeletal is caused by aging, immobility, malnutrition, medication and even the range of injuries disease impact by the nervous system. To meet the needs needed by the loss of skeletal, we need high total antioxidant from herbal medicine as multifunctional potentially prevention of muscular atrophy condition. Antioxidants are agents that can slow down or prevent oxidation process and protect cells system from the damage of cell by the loss skeletal in muscle mass. One of herbal medicine is Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik From Palu of central Sulawesi as a possible multifunctional prevention of Muscular Atrophy, where the total antioxidant value is 3,45 mg/mL.
2
Debity, Boglárka, and Julianna Cseri. "Effects of Physiotherapy Interventions on the Function of the Locomotor System in Elder Age: View of Theory and Practice." In Muscular Atrophy [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94239.
Анотація:
The aim of this chapter is to give an overview about the aging processes in the neural and muscuo-skeletal system at cellular and tissue level to highlight the demand for physiotherapy interventions. Searching the relevant literature published in the last decade, it was found that the loss of muscle mass (myofiber atrophy and decrease in the number of myofibers) is associated with decreased regeneration capacity of the skeletal muscle, deterioration of the neural control and bone remodeling as well as the impaired microcirculation leading to insufficient adaptation to the physical exercises. In the management of the aging-related deterioration of the skeletal muscle (sarcopenia), the first tool is the resistance training that improves the muscle mass and power as well as the functional outcomes regarding the mobility and physical performance. The endurance (aerobic) training improves the cardiovascular and respiratory status providing better blood supply to the skeletal muscle and exerts some effects directly to the skeletal muscle and bone (increases the mitochondrial functions, improves the bone remodeling). The combination of aerobic and resistance training seems to be more effective against the sarcopenia and osteopenia. The balance training gives additional benefits, so (together with increased muscle power and performance) improves the quality of life.
3
Kwatra, Mohit, Sahabuddin Ahmed, Samir Ranjan Panda, Vegi Ganga Modi Naidu, and Nitika Gupta. "Molecular Mechanisms, Therapeutic Targets and Pharmacological Interventions: An Update." In Background and Management of Muscular Atrophy. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95996.
Анотація:
Muscles are the enriched reservoir of proteins in the body. During any workout or exercise, the demand in the form of energy is essentially required by the muscle. Energy expenditure of skeletal muscle is more dependent on the type of demand. There is particular homeostasis within the body that avoid surplus energy expenditure and this prevents any muscle loss. Muscle atrophy is termed as the loss of skeletal muscle mass due to immobility, malnutrition, medications, aging, cancer cachexia, variety of injuries or diseases that impact the musculoskeletal or nervous system. Hence, atrophy within the skeletal muscle initiates further cause fatigue, pain, muscle weakness, and disability in human subjects. Therefore, starvation and reduced muscle mass further initiate numerous signaling pathways including inflammatory, antioxidant signaling, mitochondria bio-energetic failure, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Sirtuin 1(SIRT1), BDNF/TrkB/PKC, Autophagy, ubiquitin-proteasome systems, etc. Here, in this chapter, we will mention molecular mechanisms involved in therapeutic targets and available Pharmacological Interventions with the latest updates.
4
Chen, Linlin, Hong Zhang, Mengyi Chi, Quanjun Yang, and Cheng Guo. "Drugs for the Treatment of Muscle Atrophy." In Background and Management of Muscular Atrophy. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93503.
Анотація:
Muscle mass is maintained through an interplay between anabolic and catabolic pathways. The ubiquitin-proteasome system plays an important role in the proteolysis progress during skeletal muscle atrophy which can be blocked by some proteasome inhibitors. But few studies have demonstrated the ability of these inhibitors to preserve muscle mass and architecture under catabolic condition in vivo. The insulin-like growth factor-1/phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway was associated with anabolic pathways. The activation of IGF-1 causes muscle hypertrophy; however, it cannot be used as a drug target. Myostatin pathway maintains activation that can induce skeletal muscle atrophy involved with various transcriptional and genetic factors. Skeletal muscle atrophy is a debilitating consequence of multiple chronic diseases and conditions that involve starvation. It reduces treatment options and positive clinical outcomes as well as compromising quality of life and increasing morbidity and mortality. Though considerable research has been undertaken to find the drug target and the molecular mechanisms that improve skeletal muscle atrophy, no drug was approved to treat skeletal muscle atrophy. However, these years, the signaling pathways involved in muscle atrophy were clarified and some effective treatments were currently available to prevent, attenuate, or reverse muscle atrophy for experiment research.
5
Suka Aryana, IGP. "Clinical Relations of Sarcopenia." In Background and Management of Muscular Atrophy. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93408.
Анотація:
Sarcopenia is one of geriatric syndromes, characterized by decreased muscle mass accompanied by decreased muscle strength and/or performance. It is more prevalent with increase in age, and the prevalence depends on the criteria applied and the characteristic of the elderly. Sarcopenia has a higher risk of morbidity and mortality in elderly patients. The definition criteria of sarcopenia are still controversial, but diagnostic criteria from the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) are the most used criteria for clinical practice. Pathogenesis sarcopenia involved a multifactorial process and is divided into intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Risk factors for sarcopenia include constitutional factors, aging, lifestyle, changes in body condition, and chronic diseases. Based on that, sarcopenia is divided into primary and secondary sarcopenia. There are three stage of sarcopenia, which are pre-sarcopenia, sarcopenia, and severe sarcopenia. Nutrition and exercise are the two main pillars to manage sarcopenia.
6
Hernandez-Torres, Francisco, Lara Rodriguez-Outeiriño, Lidia Matias-Valiente, Estefania Lozano-Velasco, Diego Franco, and Amelia Aranega. "miRNAs and Muscle Stem Cells." In Muscular Dystrophy - Research Updates and Therapeutic Strategies. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92851.
Анотація:
Skeletal muscle represents between 30 and 38% of the human body mass. Both the maintenance and repair of adult muscle tissue are directed by satellite cells (SCs). SCs are located beneath the basal lamina of the skeletal muscle myofiber. They are quiescent for most of their life but, in response to physiological stimuli or muscle trauma, they activate, proliferate, and enter the myogenic program via generating myogenic progenitors (myoblasts) that fuse to existing myofibers or de novo myofibers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) play a critical role in regulating muscle regeneration and stem cell behavior. In this chapter, we review the pivotal role in the regulation of SC quiescence, activation, and differentiation in the context of muscular dystrophies.
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Benard, Townsend, and Roger A. Fielding. "Pathophysiology of sarcopenia." In Oxford Textbook of Geriatric Medicine, 415–20. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198701590.003.0055.
Анотація:
A number of mechanisms have been proposed to contribute to the accelerated loss of muscle mass and/or function in sarcopenia. Ageing induces a loss of the anabolic nature of food and muscle contraction, failing to adequately stimulate muscle protein synthesis. Reductions in protein intake and/or blunting of vasodilation in muscle may contribute to this impairment, though conclusive evidence is still lacking. Increasing adiposity, particularly within muscle, has been associated with physical and functional declines in ageing. Short-term disuse, such as hospitalization or injury, appears to disproportionately accelerate muscle mass loss in older people. Age-induced, low-level, chronic elevations in NF-kβ-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 & IL-1) have shown robust relationships with sarcopenia. Accelerated reactive oxygen species generation brought on by mitochondrial dysfunction may stimulate myocyte apoptosis, though this mechanism is still debated. Age-induced neuromuscular adaptations appear to contribute to sarcopenia, particularly for changes in muscular function.
8
Mitchell, Graham. "Muscles, Nerves, and Skin." In How Giraffes Work, 382–432. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197571194.003.0016.
Анотація:
The muscles of giraffes are similar to those of other artiodactyls but differ in order to accommodate the stresses associated with an extraordinary shape. Extensor muscles of the neck are relatively small but flexor muscles of the neck that have to contract against the elasticity of the ligament nuchae are well-developed. The muscle bodies of neck muscles are located at the base of the neck and exert their effects via long tendons, which minimizes neck mass. Giraffes rarely lie down, or sleep, or run. Consequently limb muscles give support more than movement and are more tendinous that muscular. The power to run is generated by hip flexors and extensors, aided by contractions of the gastrocnemius muscles. The forelimb is the main support for body mass and acts as the fulcrum for movement. Chest and forelimb muscles keep the shoulder and elbow joints rigid, but allow drinking and the complications that arise from it. Brain mass forms 0.5% of adult body mass. Eyes are large and the retina has a unique distribution of photoreceptors that provides both clear images of close objects and allows focusing on ground level objects. Peripheral nerves contain more sensory than motor fibers. The skin of giraffes forms ~10% of body mass, and has more collagen than elastic fibers. Skin panniculus muscles are absent, an absence compensated by sebaceous gland secretion of volatile compounds that repel insects. The development of the colors of skin markings begins in the last trimester of pregnancy.
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Abdalla, Pedro Pugliesi, Giorjines Fernando Boppre, Leonardo Yung dos Santos Maciel, Lucas Veras, André Pereira dos Santos, Lucimere Bohn, Jorge Mota, and Dalmo Roberto Lopes Machado. "IDENTIFICAÇÃO DA SARCOPENIA MEDIANTE ANTROPOMETRIA E TESTES FUNCIONAIS SIMPLES." In Experiências em testes e medidas do exercício físico no contexto da saúde, 40–57. Bookerfield Editora, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53268/bkf22040403.
Анотація:
A sarcopenia é uma doença caracterizada pela redução da força e da massa muscular. A prevalência desta condição tem uma tendência de aumento entre a população idosa, com maior incidência em países subdesenvolvidos. Os instrumentos recomendados por consensos e consórcios internacionais para medir os componentes que identificam a sarcopenia envolvem alto custo e nem sempre estão muito disponíveis na prática clínica. Este capítulo tem por objetivo apresentar alternativas viáveis para identificar sarcopenia na atividade cotidiana dos profissionais da saúde. Para tal, foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura. Foram identificados modelos antropométricos preditivos da força de preensão manual e da massa muscular apendicular, mensuradas por dinamometria manual e absorciometria radiológica de dupla energia (DXA), respectivamente. Esses instrumentos são recomendados internacionalmente como os mais indicados na literatura, para identificar sarcopenia. Além dessas medidas, o consenso europeu sobre sarcopenia também recomenda o teste de sentar e levantar da cadeira (força muscular) e perímetro da panturrilha (estimativa da massa muscular) como alternativas possíveis. Neste capítulo, são apresentados quadros e tabelas com os parâmetros de referência (pontos de corte) de cada uma dessas medidas para identificar a baixa força e massa muscular. Em conclusão, existem métodos que fazem uso de medições antropométricas e testes simples, com referenciais específicos na identificação de baixa força e massa muscular. O profissional da saúde tem condições de monitorar o risco de sarcopenia nos idosos mediante recursos simples e rotineiros de sua prática clínica. Como resultado, aumentam as chances de sucesso nas estratégias de intervenção preventivas da sarcopenia no idoso ou seu agravamento.
10
Keel, Pamela K. "Fear of Fat." In The Void Inside, edited by Pamela K. Keel, 37–52. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190061166.003.0003.
Анотація:
Fear of fat drives people with purging disorder to engage in extreme methods to rid their body of weight. Our social context creates and reinforces that fear by linking weight to health, beauty, moral character, and popularity. Multiple levels in our environment convey these messages, including mass media, peers, and family, and influence the likelihood of purging. Although these beliefs are widely held, they deviate from facts. Behaviors rather than body weight are the strongest determinant of health. The association between weight and beauty is highly subjective and malleable. There is no association between body weight and moral character. The majority of the U.S. population is not living in social isolation despite possessing body weights that deviate from the thin/muscular ideal. Interventions designed to improve healthy behaviors and reduce internalization of the thin ideal have demonstrated success in reducing purging, supporting the value of recognizing and rejecting fear of fat.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Muscular mass":
1
Rao, H. S. R., A. Kumar, and B. J. Sankoorikal. "Natural Evolution of Body Mass Index in Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a3680.
2
Canapari, Craig A., Laurie Bliss, and Brian S. Tseng. "Truncal Fat Mass Correlates With Decreased Vital Capacity In Children With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a1888.
3
Thampratankul, Lunliya, Hemant Sawnani, Brenda Wong, and Narong Simakajornboon. "Body Mass Index(BMI) As The Predictor Of Early Manifestation Of Sleep Related Breathing Abnormalities In Children With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)." In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a2431.
4
Gentile, Marco, Matteo Iualè, Maura Mengoni, and Michele Germani. "Design of a System for Upper-Limb Rehabilitation Based on an Electromechanical Orthosis and sEMG Wireless Sensors." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12592.
Анотація:
Nowadays, upper-limb injury or impairment represent a widespread problem, related to sport accidents or traumas, surgery operations, stroke and so on. The typical approach to the rehabilitation is one or more physiotherapy sessions, to restore muscular mass and strength. Despite this, over the years, several works proposed innovative solutions, including electromechanical orthoses, which work in relation to the muscular activity, measured by techniques such as superficial electromyography (sEMG). Yet, these systems are still far from commercialization because of their cost, complexity and difficulties in using. A currently unmet need regards the ability of the therapist to control and manage data through a remote interface, by exploiting some of the latest technological resources on the market (smartphones, tablets). The present works aims at designing an upper-limb rehabilitation system, based on an orthosis, sEMG wireless sensors and a dedicated software architecture to overcome these limitations. This will lead to an important change of perspective in physiotherapy procedures since data collection and correlation will produce innovative medical protocols, addressed to people affected by several types of injury or impairment.
5
Agrawal, Sunil K., Glenn Gardner, and Stephen Pledgie. "Design and Fabrication of a Gravity Balanced Planar Mechanism Using Auxiliary Parallelograms." In ASME 2000 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2000/mech-14073.
Анотація:
Abstract Exercise machines are becoming increasingly popular in rehbilitation and physical therapy. Gravity balancing is an important feature that is sought after in rehabilitative machines in order to make these accessible to patients with low muscular ability. Often, gravity loads in a mechanism are compensated by feed-forward actuator efforts that quasi-statically balance the mechanism in a configuration and are applied in addition to the actuator efforts required to perform a task. Such a scheme works but places large demands on the actuators. Also, actuator efforts are required at every joint in order to keep the mechanism balanced. This paper describes the design and fabrication of a gravity balanced planar mechanism, where auxiliary parallelograms are used to identify the center of mass of the augmented mechanism. A sliding carriage positions a counterweight directly above the center of mass in order to make the system gravity balanced. The sliding carriage uses joint encoder data to compute the location of the center of mass. Experiment results are presented which demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
6
Rambo, Bianca Vedoin Copês, Jefferson Potiguara de Moraes, Camila Franco, Bruno Stefanello Vizzotto, Rodrigo Pereira Martins, Rithiele Gonçalves, Luis Ulisses Signori, and Virginia Cielo Rech. "CONTUSÃO AFETA A MASSA MUSCULAR?" In XXV Simpósio de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão - SEPE. sepebr, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.48195/sepe2021-106.
7
Terry, Benjamin S., Jonathan A. Schoen, Allison B. Lyle, and Mark E. Rentschler. "Preliminary Mechanical Characterization of the Small Bowel for In Vivo Mobility." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37010.
Анотація:
In this work we present test methods, devices, and preliminary results for the mechanical characterization of the small bowel for intraluminal mobility. Both active and passive forces that affect mobility are investigated. The active forces are generated by the migrating motor complex and the movement of muscular organs within and surrounding the peritoneal cavity. Passive forces develop from the biomechanical response of the tissue, the tribology of the mucosa, mucoadhesion, and the orientation and mass of surrounding tissue. Four investigative devices and testing methods to characterize the active and passive forces are presented in this work. These are: 1) A novel manometer and a force sensor array that measure forces generated by the migrating motor complex; 2) A biaxial test apparatus and method for characterizing the biomechanical properties of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum; 3) A novel in vitro protocol and device designed to measure the force required to overcome mucoadhesion; 4) A novel tribometer that measures in vivo coefficient of friction between the mucus membrane and the robot surface.
8
Erickson, David, Xuezhu Liu, Roberto Venditti, Ulrich Krull, and Dongqing Li. "A DNA Hybridization Chip With Electrokinetically-Based Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Discrimination." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59320.
Анотація:
Biosensors and more specifically biochips exploit the interactions between a target analyte and an immobilized biological recognition element to produce a measurable signal. Systems based on surface phase nucleic acid hybridization, such as modern microarrays, are particularly attractive due to the high degree of selectivity in the binding interactions. In this work an electrokinetically controlled poly(dimethylsiloxane) based DNA hybridization microfluidic chip is presented. The electrokinetic delivery technique provides the ability to dispense controlled sample sizes to the hybridization array for quantitative analysis while serving to increase the mass transfer rate and therefore reduce the overall analysis time. An automatic, electrokinetically based, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discrimination technique (that takes advantage of the combined effects of joule heating, applied potential field and the shear gradients within the double layer field on the thermodynamic stability of the target: probe complex) will also be described for the first time. The clinical utility of the technique will be demonstrated through the detection of genetic markers associated with spinal muscular atrophy, specifically the common C←T mutation in the SMN1 gene.
9
Sena, Cristiano Pereira, and Mayara Irmere Da Costa. "A ATUAÇÃO DE DOIS ACADÊMICOS DE ENFERMAGEM NA UTILIZAÇÃO DE MASSAGEM COMO TERAPIA COMPLEMENTAR." In II Congresso Nacional Multidisciplinar em Enfermagem On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/2599.
Анотація:
Introdução: Ao longo de décadas, a massagem vem sendo uma grande aliada ao combate do cansaço, estresse físico e mental, aliviando dores musculares e combatendo a ansiedade. Além de ser uma alternativa terapêutica no alívio da dor e dos estressores do cotidiano e atualmente vem se tornando cada vez mais popular, por ser uma terapia eficaz e de baixo custo financeiro. Objetivos: utilizar a massagem como terapia complementar no alívio de dores musculares e estressores do cotidiano dos pacientes. Material e métodos: Foram utilizadas macas, cremes para massagem, cremes terapêuticos, lençóis, toalhas corporais e de rosto, almofadas, cubetas, álcool 70%, luvas, fichas de anamnese e prancheta para anotações acerca dos pacientes. Resultados: Após a aplicação das manobras de massagem terapêutica e relaxante, ficou evidente o relaxamento muscular, o conforto e a melhora no tratamento de algias, a diminuição do estresse nos pacientes. Assim, mostrando a eficácia da massagem como uma terapia complementar eficiente e de baixo custo. O que contribui para a manutenção desta prática terapêutica milenar, que foi sendo adaptada ao longo dos anos. Após as manobras de massagem, nossos pacientes obtiveram resultados satisfatórios acerca do alívio muscular e mental. Conclusão: A utilização da massagem como terapia complementar vem se tornando cada vez mais popular, em clínicas, em home Care e até mesmo é oferecida em algumas cidades pelo SUS. Pois e sabido que a massagem é um tratamento de baixo custo, podendo ser usado tanto em pacientes com algias musculares, estresse e afins, como também é um ótimo método de prevenção do estresse, ansiedade, algias, auxilia na circulação sanguínea e além disso melhora a autoestima do paciente.
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Barcelos, Gabriella, and Gabriela Klein. "ELETROTERAPIA EM PEQUENOS ANIMAIS: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA." In I Congresso On-line Nacional de Clínica Veterinária de Pequenos Animais. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1879.
Анотація:
Introdução: A eletroestimulação é uma modalidade da fisioterapia que induz contração muscular com objetivo de gerar fortalecimento do músculo e analgesia para o paciente. Existem algumas variações de como utilizá-la, sendo duas delas a estimulação elétrica neuromuscular (NMES) e eletroestimulação nervosa transcutânea (TENS). Seu uso pode ser indicado em pós-operatório ortopédico, doenças neurológicas e atrofias musculares. Objetivo: Descrever os resultados da eletroterapia na fisioterapia veterinária para pequenos animais. Material e métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica de publicações indexadas com as palavras-chave: eletroestimulação, fisioterapia veterinária, eletroterapia, NMES e TENS. Resultados: A eletroestimulação é relatada em diversos quadros dentro da medicina veterinária, principalmente na forma de relato de caso. Em animais no pós-operatório ortopédico de membros pélvicos, foi possível observar que a TENS promoveu analgesia semelhante à da morfina, reduzindo o número de resgates analgésicos. A associação da eletroterapia e laserterapia também resultou na redução dos resgates analgésicos em cães submetidos à osteotomia de nivelamento do platô tibial. Além disso, o uso da eletroestimulação proporcionou maior flexibilidade articular no pós-operatório de cirurgias ortopédicas em cães. Também se mostrou eficiente na promoção do aumento de massa muscular em outros estudos, promovendo a hipertrofia de fibras musculares longitudinais e aumento da área de secção muscular. Pode-se notar que a utilização da terapia oferece uma melhora na recuperação funcional e apoio do membro em quadros ortopédicos, podendo ser associada a outras técnicas fisioterapêuticas. Em pacientes com desordens neurológicas, a eletroestimulação propiciou aumento do tônus muscular, gerando contração muscular artificial e controle de espasmos. Outro benefício do uso desta terapia é no tratamento de incontinência urinária neurológica, em que foi alcançada recuperação completa de pacientes afetados. Conclusão: A eletroterapia apresenta diversos efeitos benéficos, podendo ser utilizada em animais com doenças agudas, crônicas, de origem neurológica e/ou locomotora. Além disso, os estudos sugerem sua eficácia no auxílio do controle analgésico, melhora na recuperação funcional dos membros, promoção de hipertrofia, melhora na flexibilidade articular e no tratamento de condições neurológicas. Portanto, além de apresentar diversos benefícios, é uma técnica pouco invasiva e com mínimos efeitos colaterais, ampliando a possibilidade de indicação na medicina veterinária.
Звіти організацій з теми "Muscular mass":
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Zimmers, Teresa. Does Skeletal Muscle Mass Influence Breast Cancer? Evaluating Mammary Tumorigenesis and Progression Genetically Hyper-Muscular Mice. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada462030.