Дисертації з теми "Système basé sur la connaissance"
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Lokmane-Belaid, Fatiha. "Un système explicateur basé sur des formes de connaissance dans une approche objet." Nice, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NICE4497.
Demota, Philippe. "Réalisation d'un système basé sur la connaissance, pour l'aide à la répartition des wagons vides." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066334.
Deslandres, Véronique. "Contribution à l'amélioration de la qualité dans les systèmes de production par un système basé sur la connaissance." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10177.
Lopez, Roxane. "D' un système de management de la qualité basé sur l'amélioration à un système de management de la qualité basé sur les connaissances." Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0006.
Nowadays companies are facing an often-cited increase of their environmental complexity and dynamics that result in the necessity to cope with constant changes in their environment. Ln such circumstances it is a challenge for a company to continuously improve the efficiency of its activities. Knowledge and quality management aim this same goal. The hypothesis of this PhD is that the efficiency of the quality management system cou Id be improved by the creation of new knowledge. 50 this work focused on a case study which took piacE in an Alcan electro-metallurgy plant during four years and involved seven hundred employees. This plant has got the ISO 9001 standard since 1995 and we succeeded in using the quality synergies in order to create new knowledge thanks to a specific process. The aim of this process is to allow employees to suggest and experiment their own improvement ideas to solve daily problems. This new process allowed the suggestion of 600 new ideas, and 152 experimented ideas with a measurable added value. A critical study of the process entailed us to propose improvements
Golfinopoulos, Vassilios. "Étude et réalisation d’un système de rétro-conception basé sur la connaissance pour la modélisation déclarative de scènes." Limoges, 2006. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/703547fa-495c-4c51-b75f-029c56a65c17/blobholder:0/2006LIMO0015.pdf.
Declarative modelling allows the designer to describe a scene, without the need to define the geometric properties, by specifying its properties which can be imprecise and incomplete. Declarative modelling by hierarchical decomposition is a special approach which gives the user the ability to describe a scene by top-down decomposition at different levels of detail. The MultiCAD system architecture implements the declarative modelling by hierarchical decomposition, accepting a declarative description, generating a set of geometric solutions that meet the description and visualizing the solutions through a geometric modeller. The aim of the present work is to settle the reverse engineering process through the RS-MultiCAD system, which is a knowledge-based system, in order to couple a declarative with a traditional geometric modeller. The declarative conception cycle of declarative modelling is extended, in order to include the reverse engineering process, by introducing the reconstruction phase and the iterative design process becomes automated. During the reconstruction phase, RS-MultiCAD receives a selected geometric solution, which is semantically understood, permits the designer to perform geometric and topological modifications on the scene and results a declarative description which embodies the designer modifications. That resultant declarative description leads to more promising solutions and reduces the initial solution space
Iphar, Clément. "Formalisation d'un environnement d'analyse des données basé sur la détection d'anomalies pour l'évaluation de risques : Application à la connaissance de la situation maritime." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEM041/document.
At sea, various systems enable vessels to be aware of their environment and on the coast, those systems, such as radar, provide a picture of the maritime traffic to the coastal states. One of those systems, the Automatic Identification System (AIS) is used for security purposes (anti-collision) and as a tool for on-shore bodies as a control and surveillance and decision-support tool.An assessment of AIS based on data quality dimensions is proposed, in which integrity is highlighted as the most important of data quality dimensions. As the structure of AIS data is complex, a list of integrity items have been established, their purpose being to assess the consistency of the data within the data fields with the technical specifications of the system and the consistency of the data fields within themselves in a message and between the different messages. In addition, the use of additional data (such as fleet registers) provides additional information to assess the truthfulness and the genuineness of an AIS message and its sender.The system is weekly secured and bad quality data have been demonstrated, such as errors in the messages, data falsification or data spoofing, exemplified in concrete cases such as identity theft or vessel voluntary disappearances. In addition to message assessment, a set of threats have been identified, and an assessment of the associated risks is proposed, allowing a better comprehension of the maritime situation and the establishment of links between the vulnerabilities caused by the weaknesses of the system and the maritime risks related to the safety and security of maritime navigation
Forte, Anne-Marie. "Système basé sur la connaissance pour l'identification, la caractérisation et la mise en correspondance d'entités anatomiques et fonctionnelles en imagerie médicale multimodalité." Tours, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOUR3302.
Sellami, Bachir. "Afgar : un système à base de connaissance basé sur les objets pour l'Aide à la Fabrication des Grilles de service des Agents Roulants de la SNCF." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD556.
Miresco, Edmond T. "Conception et réalisation d'un système interactif d'aide à la décision basé sur la connaissance pour la gestion de projets de construction de bâtiments." Paris 9, 1994. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1994PA090029.
Mille, Alain. "Raisonnement basé sur l'expérience pour coopérer à la prise de décision : un nouveau paradigme en supervision industrielle." Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET4016.
Ma, Xiaoyue. "Système participatif de tags iconiques basé sur un langage visuel instinctif multi-points de vue." Thesis, Troyes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TROY0009/document.
Tags systems for Knowledge Organization System centralize and provide the tags that can be employed in classifying, sharing and seeking knowledge on the web for personal or organizational use. However, an increased variety of vocabularies and languages cause connections between tags and documents marked by textual tags to become less and less distinctive, making the use and reuse of tags systems even harder. Although previous attempts have been made onto visual tags system by using icons, it caused the disorientation when users facing with plant of isolated symbols. Our research dedicates to searching a new approach to improve the representation of tags and their structure in a tags system, where well-structured icons enhance the tagging effectiveness by considering tagging quality and tagging speed. The LVD (Visual Distinctive Language)-based iconic tags system is proposed and presented in this thesis to bring amelioration mainly from semiotic interpretation of tag meaning and graphical code of tag structure. The arrangement of icons is as well another interesting topic that was deal with in our research to offers a more complete definition of iconic tags system. Apart from modeling and evaluating the LVD-based iconic tags system we have considered the way to build up such icon system in today’s cooperative knowledge sharing context and made it possible to manage and share iconic tags on a collaborative plate-form
Abou, Assali Amjad. "Acquisition des connaissances d'adaptation et traitement de l'hétérogénéité dans un système de RàPC basé sur une ontologie." Compiègne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010COMP1876.
This thesis is about the design of a case-based reasoning (CBR) system for classification problems. Our work is currently applied to the diagnosis of the failure of gas sensors set up at industrial sites. We are mainly interested in two CBR aspects: the first concerns the adaptation, which is a key phase in the CBR cycle. This phase aims at producing solutions to new problems by reusing solutions to problems already solved. Adaptation is considered as the bottleneck of CBR systems because it requires domain-specific knowledge which is generally difficult to acquire. The second aspect concerns the treatment of cases heterogeneity that leads to problems at different levels, especially during the acquisition of adaptation knowledge and the retrieval phase. In this thesis, we present our semi-automatic approach to acquire adaptation knowledge from a case base. This approach relies on the techniques of Formai Concept Analysis (FCA). The acquired knowledge can then be refined by users during problem solving sessions. We present also our case alignment approach to treat the problems related to heterogeneity. Case alignment aims to identify the mappings between the attributes of compared cases. We distinguish an alignment based on the similarity between attributes, and an alignment based on the yoles of attributes. Our work has led to the development of COBRA, a platform allowing to construct ontology-based CBR systems
Bensalah, Ziane. "Conception et mise en oeuvre d'un système de base de connaissances pour l'ordonnancement dynamique de gestion de priorités, basé sur l'approche algorithmique." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2000. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/857/1/BENSALAH_Ziane.pdf.
Kheirbek, Ammar. "Modèle d'intégration d'un système de recherche d'informations et d'un système hypermédia basé sur le formalisme des graphes conceptuels." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10045.
Griech, Brahim. "Un système interactif d'aide à la décision base sur la connaissance pour l'estimation des coûts de développements des logiciels." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066509.
Armaghan, Negar. "Contribution à un système de retour d'expérience basé sur le raisonnement à partir de cas conversationnel : application à la gestion des pannes de machines industrielles." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL026N/document.
Faced with the fast technological development of products, incremental innovation of new products, and the mobility of their most experienced staff, companies are seeking to formalize and capitalize on the experiences and know-how of their personnel in order to reuse them later. To deal with these problems, the conversational case based reasoning (CCBR) approach is a potential answer to the question of capitalization and reuse of knowledge. Our research focuses on methods to manage experience feedback (EF). We are placed in the field of experience feedback applied to technical problem solving. Our methodology for creating aided failure diagnosis systems is divided into four phases: the events description, the development of all solutions to failures, the arrangement of a diagnostic aid through fault trees and setting up a computer system. We based our work on the fault tree approach in order to extract tacit knowledge and its formalization. Our objective was to create decision protocols in order to assist the expert in solving an industrial problem. Therefore, we have proposed a formulation and development of conversational cases in diagnosis. These cases must be memorised in a database of cases. To validate our proposal methodology, we have carried out the experimental phase in an industrial company in eastern France. This experiment allowed us to validate our work and highlight its advantages and limitations. Finally, we propose a computer model designed for the company. This model enables failure diagnosis by creating the case in a case base for later utilization
Benmimoune, Lamine. "Une approche pour la conception de systèmes d'aide à la décision médicale basés sur un raisonnement mixte à base de connaissance." Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BELF0307/document.
To support health professionals in their clinical processes, several monitoring and medical care systems have beenbuilt and deployed in the hospital setting. These systems are mainly used to collect medical data on patients,analyze and present the outcomes in different ways. They represent support and assistance to health professionalsin their decision making regarding the evolution in the health status of the patients followed. The use of suchsystems always requires an adaptation to both the medical field and the mode of intervention. It is necessary, in ahospital setting, to adapt and evolve these systems in a simple manner, limiting any corrective or evolutionarymaintenance. Moreover, these systems should be able to consider dynamically the domain knowledge from medicalexperts.To meet these requirements, we proposed an approach for the construction of a medical decision support system(MDSS). This MDSS can adapt to the medical field and to the appropriate mode of intervention to assist healthprofessionals in their clinical processes. This approach allows especially the organization of the medical datacollection by taking into account the patient¿s context, the ontology-based knowledge representation of the domainand permits the exploitation of the medical guidelines and the clinical experience.In continuity of our research team¿s previous work, we chose to expand with our approach, the E-care platformwhich is dedicated to monitoring and early detection of any abnormality of the health status of patients with chronicdiseases. We were able to adapt easily the E-care platform for the various experiments that have been conducted,including EPHAD of the Mutualité Française in Anjou-Mayenne, Hautepierre hospital and Lausanne hospital(CHUV).The outcomes of these experiments have shown the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Where, the adaptationof the platform regarding to the domain and mode of intervention of each of these experiments is limited to thesimple configuration. Furthermore, the proposed approach has attracted the interest of the medical staff regardingthe organization of the medical data collection, and the exploitation of the medical knowledge which bringsassistance to the health professionals for better decision making
Fuchs, Béatrice. "Représentation des connaissances pour le raisonnement à partir de cas : le système ROCADE." Saint-Etienne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STET4017.
Maître, Brigitte, and Hassan Laasri. "Coopération dans un univers multi-agents basée sur le modèle du blackboard : études et réalisations." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10022.
Piechowiak, Sylvain. "Système de diagnostic a base de connaissance fonde sur les premiers principes : application au diagnostic des équipements électroniques de conduite et de sécurité des transports guides." Valenciennes, 1992. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/3feb9235-3d01-4f3f-8ed8-3eec1a6bc0fd.
Rajsiri, Vatcharaphun. "Knowledge-based system for collaborative process specification." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT014G/document.
Enterprises are now operating in an environment where market is more open, globalized, and competitive. Changes in market conditions are obliging enterprises to become involved in various kinds of industrial networks in order to maintain their business efficiency. The integration of business partners depends deeply on the ability to capture and share information seamlessly amongst the information systems (ISs) of different enterprises. The MISE (Mediation Information System Engineering) project was evolved in order to tackle this problem by providing an information technology solution for supporting the enterprise interoperability through ISs. It is developed on the basis of the MDE (Model Driven Engineering). This dissertation addresses the business level of the interoperability, and the CIM (Computer Independent Model) of the MDE. Its main objective is to develop a knowledge-based system for supporting the design of collabora! tive processes that conform to the BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation). We propose to work at the upper level of the CIM to capture knowledge that allows us to characterize collaboration by basing on the perspectives and experiences of business partners. We use this knowledge together with the existing knowledge (instances about business processes) from the MIT Process Handbook for moving down to the CIM level. The prototype of our knowledge-based system is also developed in order to validate and evaluate the approach
Lermuzeaux, Jean-Marc. "Contribution à l'intégration des niveaux de traitement automatique de la langue écrite : ANAEL : un environnement de compréhension basé sur les objets, les actions et les grammaires d'événements." Caen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CAEN2029.
Wang, Zhiping. "Constructive generative design methods for qualified additive manufacturing." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2021. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03670417.
Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies give more and more design freedom to designers and engi-neers to design and define highly complex geometries and material compositions. Due to a layer-by-layer processing, the constraints, methods, tools and processes of design in AM are different from that in traditional manufacturing processes. Traditional design methods and tools cannot meet the needs of design in AM. Therefore, a new re-search field, design for AM (DfAM), has emerged to serve this need. However, existing DfAM methods are either guidelines or pure computation-based, which have limited consideration of coupled constraints along the AM digital processing chain and are difficult to ensure manufactura-bility of design in AM. To obtain qualified design in AM, this research focuses on three typical existing problems in DfAM domain: Firstly, how to ensure manufacturability in (topology optimization) TO process? Secondly, how to design support structures with lightweight, easy-to-remove for post-processing and friendly heat-diffusion properties to ensure shape accuracy and improve surface roughness of printed parts? Finally, how to avoid accuracy loss in print-ing preparation of complex lattice structures and ensure their manufacturability in design?To solve the three identified problems, this research developed a set of new constructive genera-tive design methods: 1. CSG-based generative design method to ensure manufacturability in light-weight topology optimization; 2. Pattern-based constructive generative design method to optimize support structure design and 3. Toolpath-based inversed constructive design to directly ob-tain processing models of corresponding complex lattice or porous structures with qualified print-ing toolpaths. The three proposed methods can well embed AM process constraints, realize para-metric control and save computation cost in design process to obtain a set of candidate design solutions with ensured manufacturability. A set of comparison studies with existing DfAM meth-ods and a couple of experiment case studies in medical applications demonstrated the methods’ advantages. These constructive methods may have large application potential to be adopted as design and decision making tools for other industrial applications when qualified DfAM is required
Malarme, Pierre. "Conception d'un système d'aide à la chirurgie sur base de la modélisation d'opérations, d'un recalage temporel des données et d'un recalage sémantique de métadonnées." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209844.
The main goal of this PhD thesis is to design a computer assisted surgery system based on surgical workflow (SWf) modeling, and intra-operative data and metadata acquired during the operation. For the SWf modeling, workflow-mining techniques will be developed based on dynamic learning and incremental inference. An ontology will be used to describe the various steps of the surgery and their attributes.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Leal, Gabriel da Silva Serapião. "Support à la décision pour l'analyse de l'interopérabilité des systèmes dans un contexte d'entreprises en réseau." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0001/document.
Enterprise systems’ interoperability has been identified as a significant issue faced by enterprises, which need to collaborate with other companies and participate within Networked Enterprises. To achieve a higher quality of interoperability and ensure an effective collaboration, a certain number of Interoperability Requirements (IRs) should be satisfied. Thus, interoperability should be verified and continuously improved. A manner for verifying the enterprise systems’ interoperability is through the Interoperability Assessment (INAS). However, in general, the notion of “requirement” is implicit and presented as Interoperability Evaluation Criterion (IEC) in the INAS approaches. It also has been identified that the IEC interdependencies are not explicitly defined. Indeed, their interdependencies should be considered as they can support the identification of impacts on the overall system. Further, the majority of the INAS approaches are manual-conducted, which is a laborious and time-consuming process and in many times depends on the “subjective” knowledge of experts, which can be expensive in time and money when hiring external consultants. In this context, this research proposes a Knowledge-Based Interoperability Assessment System (KBIAS) for supporting decision-making within Networked Enterprises. A Design Science Research (DSR) methodology has been adopted for conducting the work. First, A Requirement Engineering (RE) approach has been adapted to elicit and define relevant IRs, which are father related with system’s components. Such IRs are used as IEC during the INAS process. To formally conceptualise the knowledge about the INAS (subsuming the set of IRs, interoperability problems and solutions), we proposed the Ontology of Interoperability Assessment (OIA). A Model-Based System Engineering approach has been applied for defining and organising the concepts of the proposed ontology. A prototype of the KBIAS using the OIA as its knowledge model has been developed in a Java platform. The developed tool can exploit the knowledge about interoperability issues and information from the as-is situation of the assessed systems for identifying potential problems and improvements. The contribution proposed in this research has been evaluated through a case study based on a real Networked Enterprise
Silveira, Netto Nunes Maria Augusta. "Système de Recommendation basé sur Traits de Personnalité." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348370.
Chihaoui, Takwa. "Système d'identification de personnes basé sur la rétine." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1145/document.
Our work is part of the retina biometrics. The retina is the sensory layer of the eye; it has a rich and unique texture even in twins. Its properties have made the retina biometrics an active research area. Indeed, numerous methods have been proposed for the various stages of the biometric method, from pretreatment of the retinal image to its analysis, through its characterization, in order to identify and authenticate an individual. We are interested in this work in these thesis works, the study, design, development and evaluation of a new biometric method based on the retina. This thesis presents our contributions for each stage of the proposed biometric method. Our first contribution lies in the proposition of a healthy and pathological retinal image analysis method, followed by a selection of a region of interest around the optical disc. This method improves the quality of the retinal image and extracts a more stable region of interest from the retina to maintain a satisfactory information density, to ensure a better quality of recognition. Our second contribution consists in proposing a new method for extracting local characteristics based on the standard SIFT descriptor. It applies a new method based on the removal of non-informative points of interest extracted by the standard SIFT descriptor. This new method of extracting local features reduces the number of redundant points of interest while maintaining the quality of the description. We validated, the proposed biometric method on different bases including healthy and pathological images. This biometric method has yielded encouraging results on healthy and pathological retinal images. The results obtained show encouraging performances. These results indicate that the method we have proposed, correctly locates the retinal region of interest. In identification mode, a correct identification rate of approximately 99.8% is reached. In verification mode, we obtained 0.12% as FRR error rate and 0% for the FAR and EER error rates. The comparative study showed that our method is more discriminative than other state-of-the-art methods, especially those based on segmentation and extraction of the vascular tree
Ngo, Ba Hung. "Système de fichiers sémantique basé sur le contexte." Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TELE0008.
Organizing the information that we call personal files such as files in a home directory, web pages found on the Internet, images, emails for later revisiting is currently required by many computer users. Several information retrieval models are proposed to fullfil this requirement. Each model is characterized by the types of personal files, their organization and the searching method used. Traditional file systems let a user organize his files into a directory tree and retrieve them later by browsing the directory tree. Desktop seach tools such as Google Desktop or Beagle automatically index file properties and file content (keywords) to provide the user with file retrieval by querying on file properties or on file content. Semantic file systems propose a searching method that combines querying with browsing to give to the users the advantages of both searching methods. For informations on the Internet, tagging systems are more and more used to facilitate the re-finding of these Internet ressources. Among personal file characteristics (properties, content, context) exploited by the above retrieval models, the working context of the user has been proved to be relevant to help a user to successfully retrieve his personal files. This work proposes a model for personal file retrieval, called « context-based model for personal file retrieval ». Our model allows a user to associate his personal files with a working context using tags. To retrieve a personal file, the user must describe the working context corresponding to each file. The searching method in our model gives to the users the advantages of both searching methods: browsing and querying. We develop our model by improving traditional tagging models. Based on tag relationships and popularities, we organize tags created by a user into a directed acyclic graph (DAGoT). This DAGoT is used as the basic data model to realize our context-based model for personal file retrieval. We use this graph to recognize working contexts associated to personal files, guide a user to reconstruct his working contexts, refine the searching requests, and retrieve personal files by context
Monzer, Mohamad-Houssein. "Model-based IDS design pour ICS." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALT056.
Industrial systems present security risks related to their IT vulnerabilities. These systems, spread over the world, continue to be targets of attacks. While Industrial systems share common vulnerabilities with IT systems, they tend to have more constraints due to the interaction between cyber and physical systems.Intrusion detection systems give visibility to the system and are considered as one of the solutions to detect targeting attacks. Hence, it seems relevant to rely on a physical model of the cyber-physical system to obtain an intrusion detection system (IDS) for industrial systems. Most IDSs are based on rules that define how possible attacks are detected. These rules are generally used to either describe possible attack scenarios on the systems or used to describe the normal system behavior of the system. However, manually creating and maintaining rules for a complex system can prove to be a very tedious and difficult task.This thesis proposes a solution to model ICS and to design specific IDS for industrial systems. A model-based IDS rule generator is also proposed, which converts a system model into anomaly-based IDS rules. Finally, the effectiveness of the generated rules is evaluated
Camilleri, Guy. "Une approche basée sur les plans de la communication dans les systèmes à base de connaissances coopératifs." Toulouse 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU30235.
Raad, Hussein. "Modélisation d'un système hypermédia adaptatif basé sur la règle active." Pau, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PAUU1015.
Reynaud, Chantal. "ADELE, un outil d'aide à l'acquisition des connaissances basé sur des justifications." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112343.
Ma, Tai-Yu. "Modèle dynamique de transport basé sur les activités." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003309.
Ma, Ta-Yu. "Modèle dynamique de transport basé sur les activités." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2007. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003309.
Soulier, Bruno. "Sur la modélisation expérimentale en mécanique : précision, optimisation et applications industrielles." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DENS0020.
Salameh, Nadeen. "Conception d'un système d'alerte embarqué basé sur les communications entre véhicules." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00722227.
El, Ouakdi Jihene. "Le système d'incitation basé sur la valeur économique ajoutée : analyses empiriques." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24171/24171.pdf.
Padioleau, Yoann. "Logic file system : un système de fichier basé sur la logique." Rennes 1, 2005. ftp://ftp.irisa.fr/techreports/theses/2005/padioleau.pdf.
Bousbahi, Fatiha. "Sadrp : un Système d'Aide Didactique basé sur la Reconnaissance du Plan." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070037.
In front of an important increasing complexity of functionalities offered by computer systems, several needs appeared in their using. User support is generally, provided by hard-copy manuals and on-line help systems. However, these traditional assistance are not sufficient, particularly to novice users, problems arise in accessing the information and in understanding it. One way to address this problem is through intelligent help systems which are supposed to provide users an adequate didactic active help and take into consideration their different skills (abilities, intentions, believes, errors, needs). In help system where the presence of tutor is very important, taking account only the task context is not sufficient. It is very important to recognise user's intention and plan to able the tutor to provide an adequate help. To achieve this goal, a previous didactic study of the application domain must be realised. The plan is a fundamental element in the interpretation of user's errors and intentions. It is the sign of his representation of problems and the proof of his performances or failure. In this way, we have analysed word processing which constitutes our application domain. We have situated specific problems of the domain and identified users' difficulties. This study ables us to class errors and their origins. This data constitute knowledge that system will use to recognise the user's plan. The plan
Salameh, Nadeen. "Conception d’un système d’alerte embarqué basé sur les communications entre véhicules." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAM0016/document.
During the last recent years, ADAS systems such as collision warning, tracking, night vision and navigation systems have been developed. The development of these systems has witness eda growing importance, as they are expected to help improving both road safety and traffic efficiency. More over, they have an ability to enhance the communication between the road infrastructure and the vehicle or between vehicles for safer and efficient transportation services such as : embedded advance collision, collision avoidance and automatic control. In addition,given the rapidly increasing interest in wireless communications, cooperative ADAS define anew framework of autonomous inter vehicular communication which operates on the assumption that such vehicles consist of a multitude of coordinated advanced sensory technologies.Sensors acquire real-time data about road conditions to help the driver respond effectively by sending appropriate messages between vehicles. In addition, these data help to assess the performance of ADAS in the context of improving driver behavior. It is necessary to set some main metrics such as inter-vehicle distance, driver reaction time and time to collision. The messages are transmitted to drivers using vehicular Ad-hoc networks (VANETs) which are a specific type of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks hold the promise to contribute to safe and more efficient roadways.In this thesis we proposed a new methodology of development to prototype ADAS. This methodology dedicated to cooperative ADAS drove us to implement a new simulated frameworkof prototyping system. This framework combines the data from three models : Geo-localizationGPS, vision and V2V communication towards an application of anti-collision warning system. A major problem in communicating ADAS systems is the quality and robustness of the communication.It depends on a large number of parameters that must be modeled to assess there liability of these systems. We developed a new prototyping system based on the principle ofaugmenting the reality in which we can replay actual data and change settings of communication environment. The GPS data and routing protocols were crucial elements for V2V model simulation into ns-2 simulator. We have performed real tests on the experimental prototyping platform LaRA. Multiple results are presented to show up the constancy of the method and the performance efficiency of real-time multi sensors in an integrated framework for collision avoidance applications. Results of this research have shown that IVCs simulations system provides enhanced data for the verification of features of new ADAS. The results of routing protocols simulation with real-time location data are integrated in the new developed prototype. The implementation of the system warning was used to estimate the number of pre-collisions detected in both real and simulated situations. The difference between these two situations was studied and analyzed for several scenarios corresponding to different road situations
Génevé, Lionel. "Système de déploiement d'un robot mobile autonome basé sur des balises." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD024/document.
This thesis is part of a project which aims at developing an autonomous mobile robot able to perform specific tasks in a preset area. To ease the setup of the system, radio-frequency beacons providing range measurements with respect to the robot are set up beforehand on the borders of the robot’s workspace. The system deployment consists in two steps, one for learning the environment, then a second, where the robot executes its tasks autonomously. These two steps require to solve the localization and simultaneous localization and mapping problems for which several solutions are proposed and tested in simulation and on real datasets. Moreover, to ease the setup and improve the system performances, a beacon placement algorithm is presented and tested in simulation in order to validate in particular the improvement of the localization performances
Bergeron, Lucien Junior. "Développement d'un système d'inactivation de gènes basé sur le ribozyme delta." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2005. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4201.
Semaan, Issa. "Traitement de l'incertain dans une base de connaissances sur le sol." Artois, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ARTO0202.
Vigueras-Gomez, Flavio. "Système de réalité augmentée basé sur l'observation de structures planes:conception et évaluation." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00177040.
Les applications de la RA nécessitent que la scène augmentée soit continuellement mise à jour en fonction des mouvements de la caméra dans la scène.
Il est donc primordial de pouvoir calculer à chaque instant les paramètres de la caméra pour avoir une composition cohérente.
Cependant, les paramètres calculés sont souvent affectés par des fluctuations statistiques, ce qui nuit à l'impression visuelle de la scène augmentée.
Le problème de stabilisation de la caméra a été considéré par Kanatani et Matsuaga qui classifient les déplacements de la caméra par un certain nombre de modèles de mouvement.
Nous avons proposé de poursuivre leurs travaux dans un cadre d'environnements de type multi-planaire et de tester différents critères de sélection de modèles, ce qui a mis en évidence que l'usage de critères impliquant l'information sur la covariance des paramètres calculés améliorait la précision et la robustesse des points de vues calculées.
Idéalement, un système de RA devrait fonctionner dans un environnement sans besoin de préparer la scène.
Dans cette thèse, nous considérons les problèmes du calcul du point de vue et des paramètres intrinsèques de la caméra dans le cadre d'environnements de type mu
lti-planaire.
De telles structures sont très courantes en intérieurs comme en extérieurs et le domaine d'application de nos méthodes est donc assez large.
Nos évaluations expérimentales montrent que les stratégies ici proposées améliorent la précision et la stabilité dans le calcul des paramètres de la caméra et,
par conséquent, la qualité des séquences augmentées.
Caicedo-Castro, Isaac. "S³niffer : un système de recherche de service basé sur leur description." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GRENM012/document.
In this research, we address the problem of retrieving services which fulfil users' need expressed in query in free text. Our goal is to cope the term mismatch problems which affect the effectiveness of service retrieval models applied in prior re- search on text descriptions-based service retrieval models. These problems are caused due to service descriptions are brief. Service providers use few terms to describe desired services, thereby, when these descriptions are different to the sentences in queries, term mismatch problems decrease the effectiveness in classical models which depend on the observable text features instead of the latent semantic features of the text. We have applied a family of Information Retrieval (IR) models for the purpose of contributing to increase the effectiveness acquired with the models applied in prior research on service retrieval. Besides, we have conducted systematic experiments to compare our family of IR models with those used in the state-of-the-art in service discovery. From the outcomes of the experiments, we conclude that our model based on query expansion via a co-occurrence thesaurus outperforms the effectiveness of all the models studied in this research. Therefore, we have implemented this model in S3niffer, which is a text description-based service search engine
Hernert, Patrice. "Un système d'acquisition de définitions basé sur le modèle des graphes conceptuels." Paris 13, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA132012.
Darwich, Akoum Hind. "Approche organisationnelle basée sur le paradigme agent pour la synthèse et la réutilisation des connaissances en ingénierie collaborative." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0224/document.
It is well known in the enterprises that each new projectto be carried out is usually similar to a certain previous projects. Those projects can be structured according to a common reference process depending on their type. In the dissertation, we call this reference process of the enterprise’s good practices the “expertise business process”. The main difficulty lies in the formalization of the expertise business process. The traditional knowledge capitalization approaches based on the experts’ debriefings showed their limits: the experts often leave out details which may be of relevance because the debriefings are habitually realizedexternally to the activities. Our thesis relies on the idea that it is possible to construct the operational process, implemented during the collaborative activities in a product development study, from the traces recorded by the used IT tools. The constructed operational process allows the business actors and experts to step back on their work and formalize the new deducted experience to enhance the expertise business processes of the firm. Our work had taken place in the ERPI (Equipe de Recherche sur les Processus Innovatifs) laboratory of the “Université de Lorraine” under a partnership with TDC Software society and through a CIFRE Convention. This dissertation offers five key contributions: • A double cycle to capitalize over the instrumented activities. • A global approach for the management of expertise business processes. • An ontology “OntoProcess” to conceive the generic organizational aspects, separating distinctly the concepts related to traces from those related to the business process, and providing extensions in function of the used tools. • A multi-agents system based on the ontology “OntoProcess” to support the presented global approach of the expertise business processes management. • A trace based system that allows the construction of the operational process from the traces registered over the study
Ebrahimi, Mojtaba. "Configuration et organisation dynamique du système manufacturier connecté pour un système basé sur l’approche World Class Manufacturing." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI059.
In the context of the fourth industrial revolution (I4.0), manufacturing enterprises confront major challenges, in particular, technological, organizational, and methodological transformation as well as the determination of the roadmap to achieve these objectives. Knowing that the Lean Manufacturing approach and its derivative, World Class Manufacturing (WCM), are widely used in manufacturing companies, the evolution of this approach towards I4.0 could be the main key to success. The transformation of approach is one of the important projects of FPT Powertrain Technologies company, in which this CIFRE thesis was carried out. To identify the necessary transformation of the WCM approach and while building on the principles of I4.0, we first proposed creations and/or some modifications in the phases and stages of the technical pillars of WCM. In the second part, the contribution of this work is related to the development of a decision support system for a dynamic organization of production systems. In this respect, we focused on the problem of dynamic sequencing while taking into account real-time data and information about disruptive events. We proposed a mathematical optimization model to determine the optimal production sequencing by considering the dynamic aspect of the system. In parallel, a commercial simulation software, called FlexSim, is used, allowing us to develop a simulation model for the same problem. By using an optimization engine (OptQuest) integrated into FlexSim, we were also obtained a near-optimal solution with a significantly shorter calculation time. The comparison of the obtained results, as well as the advantages, disadvantages, and their applicability in a real manufacturing system, are also discussed
Hadjouni, Krir Myriam. "Un système de recherche d'information personnalisée basé sur la modélisation multidimensionnelle de l'utilisateur." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00840224.
Hadjouni, Krir Myriam. "Un système de recherche d’information personnalisée basé sur la modélisation multidimensionnelle de l’utilisateur." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112164/document.
The web explosion has led Information Retrieval (IR) to be extended and web search engines emergence. The conventional IR methods, usually intended for simple textual searches, faced new documents types and rich and scalable contents. The users, facing these evolutions, ask more for IR systems search results quality. In this context, the personalization main objective is improving results returned to the end user based sing on its perception and its interests and preferences. This thesis context is concerned with these different aspects. Its main objective is to propose new and effective solutions to the personalization problem. To achieve this goal, a spatial and semantic web personalization system integrating implicit user modeling is proposed. This system has two components: 1/ user modeling; /2 implicit users' collaboration through the construction of a users' models network. A system prototype was developed for the evaluation purpose that contains: a) user model quality evaluation; b) information retrieval quality evaluation; c) information retrieval quality evaluation with the spatial user model data; d) information retrieval quality evaluation with the whole user model data and the users' models network. Experiments showed amelioration in the personalized search results compared to a baseline web search