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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „A Railroads“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 4. Juni 2021

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1

Johnson, James C., Diane J. McClure, Kenneth C. Schneider, and Donald F. Wood. "Short-line railroad managers discuss class I railroads." Journal of Transportation Management 13, no. 2 (2002): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22237/jotm/1030838640.

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Managers/owners of short-line railroads were queried about three issues: (1) How would you describe your company’s business relationship with the Class I railroad(s) with which you interchange traffic; (2) Do you believe that mergers between Class I railroads have been good or bad for short-line railroads; and (3) Besides merger activity, what do you believe will be the most important trend for Class I railroads in the next 10 years?

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Karaoğlu, Semiha. "Railroads of the Glorious Empires in the late 19th Century: From the Great Game to the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-5." GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES ON JAPAN, no. 4 (March 31, 2021): 65–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.62231/gp4.160001a03.

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Railroads have been an inevitable part of countries’ expansionist and imperialist policies throughout history. Easing commodity distribution as well as human mobility, railroads also provided the transfer of knowledge and became a means of intelligence sharing. In this view, one can plausibly observe that nations are inclined to allocate budgets for railroad construction in order to extend their power. Moreover, they also followed expansionist policies by constructing ‘transitive’ railroads, connecting extensive regions, or even continents. Hence, investigating railroads sheds light on world h

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Park, Jong-Woo, and Don-Mook Choi. "A Study on the Scenario of Evacuation Safety Analysis of Wide-Area Railroad Stations." Fire Science and Engineering 36, no. 4 (2022): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.f8f0bf21.

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There are 1,416 railway stations in this country, of which 729 are underground stations. Moreover, more than 50% of the stations are constructed underground. Recently, the deep depth wide-area railroad has being designed and constructed. Railroads are the main means of transportation for the people and confirming evacuation safety in crowded underground spaces is a crucial subject. The functions of urban railroads and wide-area railroad underground stations built in urban underground spaces are the same. Nevertheless, there are differences between the station safety analysis scenario and the m

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Amidon, Kevin S. "The Visible Hand and the New American Biology: Toward an Integrated Historiography of Railroad–Supported Agricultural Research." Agricultural History 82, no. 3 (2008): 309–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00021482-82.3.309.

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Abstract In the early twentieth century, American railroad companies faced new challenges. The railroad network had developed fully, broad political opposition was gaining teeth in new, enforceable federal legislation, and financial markets--first established to support railroad expansion--had begun to move beyond railroads. Railroad companies answered with a wide range of new managerial and scientific practices. Recent scholarship that goes beyond the traditional disciplinary separation of technological, political, managerial, economic, and scientific concerns has enabled historians to recogn

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Feeney, Kevin. "RAILROAD AUDITS: SOME ARRIVED AHEAD OF SCHEDULE." Accounting Historians Journal 40, no. 1 (2013): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/0148-4184.40.1.1.

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ABSTRACT Through 1975, the shareholder annual reports of publicly-owned U.S. railroads were exempt from the Securities and Exchange Commission's accounting regulations, audit and disclosure rules because railroads were common carriers subject to the rules and regulations of the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC). Publicly-owned Class railroads voluntary began to away from ICC-type towards GAAP-type accounting and disclosures in their shareholder reports just after World War II.1 This paper reviews early industry practices with respect to internal and external audits. Using a sample of major

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Keefer, Philip. "Protection Against a Capricious State: French Investment and Spanish Railroads, 1845–1875." Journal of Economic History 56, no. 1 (1996): 170–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700016065.

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Infrastructure construction is often associated with excessive, even corrupt, profits. This article argues that construction profits earned in Spanish railroads in the mid-nineteenth century were a response to the lack of credibility of the Spanish state. It also makes the first attempt to document excess construction profits in Spanish railroads by demonstrating, for example, financial links between railroad stockholders and the providers of construction goods and services and by directly estimating construction profits. The estimated excess construction profits only provided railroad entrepr

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Mildenberger, Florian. "Mertvaya Doroga – a railroad as the backbone of Soviet defence in the Arctic, 1943–54." Polar Record 37, no. 200 (2001): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400026747.

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AbstractDuring World War II, the threat of a German invasion along the north coast of Siberia led to the Soviet High Command developing a plan to build a railroad through the Urals to the port of Salekhard and beyond. Following the War, these plans were reworked to defend against the threat of American aggression. The ‘Mertvaya Doroga’ or great Stalin railroad or polarmagistral was intended to run from Chum, a small station on the Vorkuta railway, through the northern Urals to Salekhard and from there through Nadym to Igarka and Noril'sk. A second railway was to go from Vorkuta to the port of

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Pengelly, Sean P., and C. Tyler Dick. "Economics and Planning of Short-Haul and Short-Line Railway Intermodal Service." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2608, no. 1 (2017): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2608-12.

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To develop a more competitive and efficient transportation system, railroads have engaged in intermodal freight transportation of both containers and trailers. Though intermodal rail operations have increased dramatically since the 1950s, traffic trends have also evolved with shipper demands, improved rail infrastructure, and enhanced operational strategy. Many former main railroad lines are now operated by short-line and regional carriers. Industrial centers that were once home to intermodal terminals, both large and small, have lost their intermodal connectivity since short-line and regional

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9

Allen, John G. "Rediscovering the Urban Railroad." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1571, no. 1 (1997): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1571-21.

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The urban railroad represents a long-established but little-understood range of rail transit in several older North American industrial cities. In most instances urban railroads are officially classified as commuter rail, but the genre also includes a couple of lines in the rapid transit category. Several urban railroads incorporate elements of both modes. The urban railroad uses conventional railroad technology and rights of way to provide high-quality service within the central city. Examples of the urban railroad include Metra Electric in Chicago, Cleveland’s Red Line, and the urban portion

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Schweitzer, Peter, and Olga Povoroznyuk. "Introduction." Transfers 10, no. 2-3 (2020): 137–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2020.10020311.

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This introduction attempts to situate railroads, which have rarely been the object of ethnographic attention, within current debates of anthropology and related disciplines. While mobility is certainly one dimension of human-railroad entanglements, the introduction calls to explore political, social, material, and affective lives of railroads in Europe and Asia as well. Often, connections provided by railroads are precarious at best: enveloped in state and local politics, they appear to some as promise and to others as menace. Planning, construction, decay, and reconstruction constitute the te

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Miles, William, Graydon M. Meints, and Greydon M. Meints. "Michigan Railroads and Railroad Companies." Michigan Historical Review 20, no. 1 (1994): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20173445.

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Donaldson, Dave. "Railroads of the Raj: Estimating the Impact of Transportation Infrastructure." American Economic Review 108, no. 4-5 (2018): 899–934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20101199.

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How large are the benefits of transportation infrastructure projects, and what explains these benefits? This paper uses archival data from colonial India to investigate the impact of India's vast railroad network. Guided by four results from a general equilibrium trade model, I find that railroads: (1) decreased trade costs and interregional price gaps; (2) increased interregional and international trade; (3) increased real income levels; and (4) that a sufficient statistic for the effect of railroads on welfare in the model accounts well for the observed reduced-form impact of railroads on re

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Stradling, David, and Joel A. Tarr. "Environmental Activism, Locomotive Smoke, and the Corporate Response: The Case of the Pennsylvania Railroad and Chicago Smoke Control." Business History Review 73, no. 4 (1999): 677–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3116130.

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In the early 1900s, a powerful antismoke movement in Chicago forced the Pennsylvania Railroad to develop strategies for reducing public protest against the company, limiting fines, and blocking legislation forcing railroads to electrify. The company pursued a policy of least steps, by retrofitting locomotives with ameliorative technology, through fuel substitutions, and by training firemen and engineers in efficient combustion methods. By 1909, however, pressure for electrification in Chicago intensified, and Pennsylvania managers worked to retain control over the pace of technological change.

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Allen, John G., and Gregory L. Newmark. "The Life and Death of North American Rail Freight Electrification." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 10 (2018): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118768532.

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Although completely dieselized today aside from certain commuter and intercity passenger routes, U.S. railroads were world leaders in electrification in the early 20th century. The Pennsylvania Railroad and the Milwaukee Road had the most extensive electrifications, but several other railroads electrified largely for freight service. This paper explores the decisions to electrify freight railroads in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico (largely for short tunnels where steam locomotives were not practicable, mountain grades, and busy traffic districts), and why electrifications were discontinued (unde

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SUMMERHILL, WILLIAM R. "Big Social Savings in a Small Laggard Economy: Railroad-Led Growth in Brazil." Journal of Economic History 65, no. 1 (2005): 72–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050705050035.

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Railroad development had a profound impact in nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century Brazil. Direct benefits were small for passengers, but large for freight services, and contributed heavily to the transition from stagnation to growth. Domestic-use activities received a differentially large stimulus. Estimates of the social rate of return reveal that Brazil did not overinvest in railroads. A different allocation of subsidies to railroad capital could have generated additional gains. Backward linkages did little for industry, but the “leakage” attributable to imported inputs was modest. Insti

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Orsi, Richard J. "“Hear That Lonesome [Police] Whistle Blow”." California History 97, no. 2 (2020): 27–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ch.2020.97.2.27.

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When introduced in the nineteenth century, railroads were one of humankind's most transformational technologies. Like similar transformations such as the printing press and the automobile, railroads did more than advance technology. They fundamentally altered the entire social and cultural fabric, including basic relationships between people and time, distance, geography, class, and gender. Railroads also introduced new types of crime and criminal organization to the nineteenth-century West, and indeed to the entire nation and globe. These criminal activities quickly spread across wide geograp

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O’Rourke, Laurence. "Impact of Differential Pricing on Barge Freight Transportation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1820, no. 1 (2003): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1820-02.

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Through the Staggers Rail Act (1980) and the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act (1976), Congress deregulated railroad pricing to improve the financial health of the industry. Deregulation legalized differential pricing—the policy of charging customers different prices according to their willingness to pay. While the railroads have returned to profitability, shippers have been angered by railroad pricing strategies that are seen as abusive. Railroads have refused to quote rates to competing transportation facilities or have set prices to divert traffic onto the rail network. An e

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Donaldson, Dave, and Richard Hornbeck. "Railroads and American Economic Growth: A “Market Access” Approach *." Quarterly Journal of Economics 131, no. 2 (2016): 799–858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjw002.

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Abstract This article examines the historical impact of railroads on the U.S. economy, with a focus on quantifying the aggregate impact on the agricultural sector in 1890. Expansion of the railroad network may have affected all counties directly or indirectly—an econometric challenge that arises in many empirical settings. However, the total impact on each county is captured by changes in that county’s “market access,” a reduced-form expression derived from general equilibrium trade theory. We measure counties’ market access by constructing a network database of railroads and waterways and cal

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Schweitzer, Peter, and Olga Povoroznyuk. "Introduction." Transfers 10, no. 2-3 (2020): 137–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2020.1002311.

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Abstract This introduction attempts to situate railroads, which have rarely been the object of ethnographic attention, within current debates of anthropology and related disciplines. While mobility is certainly one dimension of human-railroad entanglements, the introduction calls to explore political, social, material, and affective lives of railroads in Europe and Asia as well. Often, connections provided by railroads are precarious at best: enveloped in state and local politics, they appear to some as promise and to others as menace. Planning, construction, decay, and reconstruction constitu

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Nacar, Can. "Negotiating railroad safety in the late Ottoman Empire: The state, railroad companies, trainmen, and trespassers." New Perspectives on Turkey 60 (May 2019): 61–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/npt.2019.5.

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AbstractThis study examines different approaches taken in the late Ottoman Empire to deal with the risks and dangers posed by railroads. Like its counterparts in Europe and the United States, the Ottoman state actively sought to protect individuals against railroad risks. For this purpose, it mandated the use of certain devices meant to facilitate the safe flow of railroad traffic and introduced measures that aimed to discipline railroaders and pedestrians into behaving appropriately. However, the state was not the only actor that struggled to address railroad risks. Railroad companies, primar

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Herranz-Loncán, Alfonso. "Railroad Impact in Backward Economies: Spain, 1850–1913." Journal of Economic History 66, no. 4 (2006): 853–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050706000350.

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This article reassesses the economic impact of Spanish railroads in 1850–1913, which has usually been considered to be substantially higher than in the most developed countries on the basis of the social saving methodology. The application of growth accounting techniques shows, by contrast, that the direct contribution of railroads to economic growth was lower in Spain than in the United Kingdom, mainly due to the low importance that railroad transport had within Spanish GDP before 1913.

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Artamonova, Nadezhda Ya, and Elena V. Beschastnykh. "MOBILIZATION ACTIVITY ON THE KRASNOYARSK RAILWAY DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR: A HISTORIOGRAPHICAL REVIEW." Vestnik Altaiskogo Gosudarstvennogo Pedagogiceskogo Universiteta, no. 57 (December 5, 2023): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37386/2413-4481-2023-4-82-87.

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The paper presents a historiographical review of studies concerning the operation of Russian railroads (including Siberian railroads) during the Great Patriotic War. The authors highlight and analyze academic publications published during Soviet and modern periods of Russian historiography. The focus is placed on academic publications dealing with the mobilization of the Krasnoyarsk railroad in the war years. The paper emphasizes outlines the prospects for further study of the issue and its relevance within the framework of Russian historiography.

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Uchida, Jun. "“A Scramble for Freight”: The Politics of Collaboration along and across the Railway Tracks of Korea under Japanese Rule." Comparative Studies in Society and History 51, no. 1 (2008): 117–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417509000061.

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New interpretations constantly grow around a familiar story, like life along colonial railways. From the vast plains of America to the subcontinent of India, scholars have noted, railroads played a pivotal role in inscribing power on uncharted terrain. They facilitated conquest, opened lands for settlement, and fueled the colonial extractive economy. And railroads were more than mere “tools of empire.” From missionaries and administrators in the field to interlocutors in the distant metropole, Europeans celebrated railroads and their locomotives as vehicles of their “civilizing mission” on the

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Winfrey, Felicia. "How Railroads Advertisements Paved the Way for National Parks." Macalester Street Journal, no. 2 (March 6, 2025): 197–220. https://doi.org/10.62543/msj.v2i2.82.

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In the early 1900s, as railroads were looking to boost their profit margins, the opportunity of the scenic attraction of the West presented itself and the railroads began to heavily market national parks and the tourism potential in the West. The railroads’ publicity launched the scenic areas of the West into national cultural and political relevancy. In this paper I will examine how the railroads’ publicity efforts influenced the establishment of the National Parks Service (NPS) and how transportation and national parks are linked together. In my paper I argue that the railroads were instrume

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Natarajan, Balu, Chandler Duncan, and David Simpson. "Strategic Innovations in North American Railroad Management." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1924, no. 1 (2005): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192400119.

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Although the railroad industry is often regarded as a declining industry with a decreasing modal share of the nation's freight movement, innovations in railroad management are changing the way rail carriers operate and are leading to operational efficiencies for the rail mode. The formation of strategic alliances is transforming the way North American railroads do business and increasing the hope of creating new opportunities for rail as an economically viable and technologically sophisticated element of North America's surface freight transportation network. This conceptual paper examines the

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Malykov, Oleg, and Oksana Pokrovskaya. "Rate-setting system analysis of railroad transport from a position of logistics and customer-oriented approach." Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University, no. 2 (June 20, 2017): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2017-2-187-199.

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Objective: The study of railroad transport rate-setting system from a position of customer-oriented approach and logistics, particularly the development of specific practical proposals of freight delivery system optimization and the assessment of OJSC “Russian Railways” logistic (terminal stocking) activity indices. Methods: Analytical method was applied, as well as economical and mathematical tools of terminalistics, being a new school. Results: An attempt was made to review the existing railway freight delivery system. It was observed that it was unreasonable to exclude materials handling el

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Heier, Jan R. "AMERICA'S RAILROAD DEPRECIATION DEBATE, 1907 TO 1913: A STUDY OF DIVERGENCE IN EARLY 20th CENTURY ACCOUNTING STANDARDS." Accounting Historians Journal 33, no. 1 (2006): 89–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/0148-4184.33.1.89.

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In June 1907, the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) released new reporting rules that would require railroads to change from betterment to depreciation accounting for equipment. The new rules set off a firestorm of protest because the railroads felt they were already recognizing physical depreciation through the current system. The ICC, however, was looking at the concept of economic depreciation to match the cost of equipment with revenue over the life of the asset in much the same way that industry was beginning to account for its fixed assets. Such economic depreciation, it was felt, wou

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Pilkey-Jarvis, Linda, and Nhi Irwin. "Complexities of Oil Spill Contingency Planning for Railroads – Lessons Learned In Washington State." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (2017): 2096–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.2096.

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Abstract 2017-405 With the energy renaissance in the United States and the lack of inland pipeline distribution systems, increasingly railroads are transporting crude oil to coastal ports for refining and for further distribution over the water. In Washington State, rapidly changing modes of crude oil transportation, shifting away from vessel and towards rail delivery, resulted in a regulatory requirement for rail operators to develop state approved oil spill contingency plans. Oil spill planning for railroads can be complex, for instance, planning for spills in all types of terrains, environm

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Allen, John G., and Gregory L. Newmark. "Sustainability without Subsidy: Public Case for Vertically Integrated Rail Oligopolies for Freight." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 12 (2019): 204–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119843861.

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Maintaining rail freight networks without subsidy is an important transportation policy concern. Today’s vertically integrated rail oligopolies (VIROs) in the United States, Canada, and Mexico have enabled rail freight to be commercially self-sustaining. A combination of favorable geography involving a choice of railroads for most longer hauls and commercial freedom for railroads to set prices without prior regulatory approval have helped create a situation in which North American freight railroads are self-sustaining without government subsidies. This research examines the development of VIRO

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Peoples, James. "Deregulation and the Labor Market." Journal of Economic Perspectives 12, no. 3 (1998): 111–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.12.3.111.

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This paper examines the earnings and employment effect of deregulation in the trucking, railroad, airlines, and telecommunications industries. Findings on nonmanagement workers suggest labor earnings fell sharply in trucking, somewhat in airlines, slightly in telecommunications, and barely in railroads. In contrast, the work force size dramatically increased in trucking and airlines, held steady in telecommunications, and fell dramatically in railroads. The earnings patterns of managers mirrors that of their highly unionized work force. These findings are interpreted as evidence that rent-shar

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Hansen, Bradley. "The People's Welfare and the Origins of Corporate Reorganization: The Wabash Receivership Reconsidered." Business History Review 74, no. 3 (2000): 377–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3116432.

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The 1884 receivership of the Wabash, St. Louis, and Pacific Railway is widely regarded as a turning point in the development of corporate insolvency law. It is said to have created a “new-fashioned receivership,” which enabled debtors to initiate and, to a great extent, control receiverships. It is said that these new-fashioned receiverships facilitated reorganization of the insolvent firm at the expense of creditors' rights. An examination of the history of railroad receiverships reveals that for decades before 1884 judges allowed managers to initiate receiverships, appointed managers as rece

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Kammer, Sean M. "Railroad Land Grants in an Incongruous Legal System: Corporate Subsidies, Bureaucratic Governance, and Legal Conflict in the United States, 1850–1903." Law and History Review 35, no. 2 (2017): 391–432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248017000049.

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Near the end of the nineteenth century, English scholar James Bryce criticized Western railroad land grants as “often improvident” and as giving “rise to endless lobbying and intrigue, first to secure them, then to keep them from being declared forfeited in respect of some breach of the conditions imposed by Congress on the company.” Bryce also observed the extent to which grants of land to railroads allowed the beneficiary companies to exercise great power not only through their role as carriers of people and commerce, but also through their role as large landowners. This, he noted, brought t

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Nunes, Ivanil. "Brazilian railroad: public concession for private use." Revista Ibero-Americana de Estratégia 5, no. 2 (2007): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/ijsm.v5i2.136.

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Analyzing the process of Brazilian railroads re-privatization and the main products of these railroads, it is verified that a small line of goods composes most of the products leaded by Brazilian rail transport. In its majority, the transported products belong to the own shareholders of these new companies, growing up like this an atypical situation in that the entrepreneur-rail is customer of itself own. First, this study brings a short history of privatization/re-nationalizing in the area, which will be the base of the discussion around this process. Then, it is intended to detach the stockh

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Byers, William G. "Railroad Damage Scenario Development." Earthquake Spectra 27, no. 2 (2011): 477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3574223.

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The approaches necessary for estimating earthquake effects on railroads are different for developing design criteria or post-earthquake response policies and for developing railroad damage scenarios. In developing design criteria or post-earthquake response policies, the probability of ground motions exceeding a particular level is a primary concern. Developing damage scenarios, on the other hand, involves describing hypothetical effects for assumed ground motions. The identification of potential problems is the greatest benefit of disaster scenario development to railroads. Developing the Gre

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Ahmed, Rekib, and Anup Saikia. "Pandora’s Box: A spatiotemporal assessment of elephant-train casualties in Assam, India." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (2022): e0271416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271416.

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Railways are an indispensable component of sustainable transportation systems, but also exact a toll on wildlife. Wild Asian elephants are often killed by trains in Assam, India, where we assess temporal variations in the occurrences of elephant-train collisions (ETCs) and casualties during 1990–2018. This study also assesses spatially varying relationships between elephant-train collision (ETC) rates and elephant and train densities in the adjoining 10 km2 grid cells of 11 prioritized railroad segments using ordinary least squares (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models. The

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Cotter, Christopher. "Off the Rails: The Real Effects of Railroad Bond Defaults following the Panic of 1873." AEA Papers and Proceedings 111 (May 1, 2021): 508–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20211096.

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Although corporate default crises are often quite severe, previous work has found little impact on real macroeconomic variables. This article investigates the relationship between railroad defaults and the balance sheets of local banks following the Panic of 1873. Receivers appointed to run railroads in default lacked the legal tools necessary to fully maintain railroad operations. The results indicate that railroad bond defaults negatively impacted the lending activity of local banks. Affected banks experienced declines in loans and deposits along with increases in excess reserves. These find

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Blasenheim, Peter L. "Railroads in Nineteenth-century Minas Gerais." Journal of Latin American Studies 26, no. 2 (1994): 347–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x00016254.

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The growth of a transportation system in Minas Gerais, especially the construction of a rail network in the province's booming coffee region, the Zona da Mata (the Forest Zone) in the late Empire, is an important chapter in the state's history. A close look at railroads in the Mata and in Minas tells us much about politics and the power and influence of certain groups, particularly planters and planter-politicians. Conflicts over railroad concessions provoked much rivalry within the Mata, but all mineiros agreed that transportation was the most important issue of the day. Meanwhile, flumimnses

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Aldrich, Mark. "Regulating Railroad Innovation: Business, Technology, and Politics in America, 1840–1920. By Steven W. Usselman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. xv, 398. $65.00 cloth; $25.00, paper." Journal of Economic History 63, no. 1 (2003): 277–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050703421803.

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As its title suggests, the focus of this work is on the process and context of railroad innovation rather than its economic causes and consequences. The book reflects a wide reading in both primary and relevant secondary sources and the author's extensive use of the corporate records of the Pennsylvania and Burlington railroads.

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Alvarez-Palau, Eduard J., Alfonso Díez-Minguela, and Jordi Martí-Henneberg. "Railroad Integration and Uneven Development on the European Periphery, 1870–1910." Social Science History 45, no. 2 (2021): 261–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2021.1.

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AbstractThis study explores the relationship between railroad integration and regional development on the European periphery between 1870 and 1910, based on a regional data set including 291 spatial units. Railroad integration is proxied by railroad density, while per capita GDP is used as an indicator of economic development. The period under study is of particular relevance as it has been associated with the second wave of railroad construction in Europe and also coincides with the industrialization of most of the continent. Overall, we found that railroads had a significant and positive imp

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Glatolenkova, Ekaterina, and Konstantin Sergeevich Il'in. "Architectural environment of the Khabarovsk Children's Railway." Урбанистика, no. 4 (April 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2310-8673.2023.4.43586.

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The subject of the article is the peculiarities of the formation of the architectural environment of children's railroads in the Far East. The object of the study is a children's railroad in Khabarovsk, belonging to the Far Eastern railroads. On the material of historical documents, photographs and private archives its historical development, changes in the landscaping of the territory and filling of the environment, the current state of the surrounding buildings and the prospects for further development of the road are considered. The authors pay special attention to the study of recent innov

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Kopper, Christopher. "Germany's National Socialist Transport Policy and the Claim of Modernity: Reality or Fake?" Journal of Transport History 34, no. 2 (2013): 162–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/tjth.34.2.5.

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The construction of the extensive motorway network by the Nazi regime has often been seen as a textbook example of a thorough motorisation policy. But the motorway construction took place under a transport policy that favoured public railroads at the expense of private road haulage companies. A strict regulation of freight rates prevented road hauliers from competing with railroads and gaining a greater share of the freight market. The division of administrative and planning competencies between the motor-minded enthusiasts around Hitler's road builder Fritz Todt and the railroad lobby in the

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Klein, Maury. "Competition and Regulation: The Railroad Model." Business History Review 64, no. 2 (1990): 311–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3115585.

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In the following essay on the railroad industry, Maury Klein examines preconceptions and misunderstandings surrounding Americans' views of regulation and competition. He argues that the United States seems to want competition without losers and that, at least in the case of railroads, regulation has often tried to ensure this outcome without a real understanding of the economics of the industry.

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Schmiedeler, Tom. "Transitions in the forms of Midwestern county seats on the American frontier." Urban Morphology 11, no. 2 (2007): 126–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.51347/jum.v11i2.3937.

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In the American Midwest three classes of town forms - central squares, linear and railroad plans - evolved from town planning traditions established on the Eastern Seaboard. The geography of these classes, based on street- and land-use patterns, is identified and interpreted for county seats in two key Midwestern states - Iowa and Minnesota - to determine their origins and the processes by which they were implemented. Planning traditions, physical geography, local government and railroads, all operating within the context of the timing of settlement, shaped the patterns of the forms. Several c

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Dick, C. Tyler, Christopher P. L. Barkan, Edward R. Chapman, and Mark P. Stehly. "Multivariate Statistical Model for Predicting Occurrence and Location of Broken Rails." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1825, no. 1 (2003): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1825-07.

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Broken rails are the leading cause of major accidents on U.S. railroads and frequently cause delays. A multivariate statistical model was developed to improve the prediction of broken-rail incidences (i.e., service failures). Improving the prediction of conditions that cause broken rails can assist railroads in allocating inspection, detection, and preventive resources more efficiently, to enhance safety, reduce the risk of hazardous materials transportation, improve service quality, and maximize rail assets. The service failure prediction model (SFPM) uses a combination of engineering and tra

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Bereskin, C. Gregory. "Estimating Maintenance-of-Way Costs for U.S. Railroads After Deregulation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1707, no. 1 (2000): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1707-02.

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The movement of freight on railroads, like most transportation services, is subject to a number of restrictions that make costing of specific traffic a complex process. Among these restrictions are conditions of joint production; economies of scale, scope, and density; and a lack of data on specific expenditures as related to individual freight movements. Yet costing of specific movements is a desirable activity for shippers, railroads, and regulatory bodies. Traditionally, movement costing has involved the use of accounting-based allocative costing models such as the Uniform Rail Costing Syst

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Vulfov, Alexey B. "Experience of Creating the Museum "Ancient Railway Station" at Kuzhenkino Station of the Oktyabrskaya Railway." SCIENCE SPACE 1, no. 4 (2024): 657–62. https://doi.org/10.33873/3034-4379.2024.1-4.657-662.

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In the article the history of the development of the railroad "Bologoye - Polotsk - Sedlets" is considered, its strategic and cultural-historical importance is analyzed. The role of the museum complex "Ancient railway station Kuzhenkino" and running on this direction retro train "Seliger" in the preservation of historical heritage and popularization of railroads, as well as the development of domestic tourism in Russia as a whole.

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Witcher, T. R. "The Birth of Steam Railroads: The Charleston-Hamburg Railroad." Civil Engineering Magazine Archive 87, no. 8 (2017): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/ciegag.0001224.

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Ablyalimov, Oleg, Artem Osipov, and Dmitriy Kurilkin. "To the operation of diesel traction locomotives on the high-speed section of the railroad." E3S Web of Conferences 460 (2023): 06034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202346006034.

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The paper presents the results of the justification of kinematic parameters of freight trains and diesel traction locomotives about the stopping process at the intermediate and end stations of the virtual hilly section of the high-speed railroad. There are received tabular data and graphical dependences of kinematic parameters of movement of the investigated freight trains and diesel traction locomotives about the organization of stops on the virtual hilly section of the high-speed railroad and also regression equations for determination of their numerical values which are recommended for intr

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Lawal, Omobolaji, Shaik Althaf V. Shajihan, Kirill Mechitov, and Billie F. Spencer. "An Event-Classification Neural Network Approach for Rapid Railroad Bridge Impact Detection." Sensors 23, no. 6 (2023): 3330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23063330.

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Railroads are a critical part of the United States’ transportation sector. Over 40 percent (by weight) of the nation’s freight is transported by rail, and according to the Bureau of Transportation statistics, railroads moved $186.5 billion of freight in 2021. A vital part of the freight network is railroad bridges, with a good number being low-clearance bridges that are prone to impacts from over-height vehicles; such impacts can cause damage to the bridge and lead to unwanted interruption in its usage. Therefore, the detection of impacts from over-height vehicles is critical for the safe oper

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Heier, Jan R., and A. Lee Gurley. "THE END OF BETTERMENT ACCOUNTING: A STUDY OF THE ECONOMIC, PROFESSIONAL, AND REGULATORY FACTORS THAT FOSTERED STANDARDS CONVERGENCE IN THE U.S. RAILROAD INDUSTRY, 1955–1983." Accounting Historians Journal 34, no. 1 (2007): 25–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/0148-4184.34.1.25.

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On January 26, 1983, the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) announced that it would require all railroads under its regulatory jurisdiction to change from Retirement-Replacement-Betterment (RRB) accounting, to a more theoretically sound depreciation accounting for matching revenues and expenses. The change was needed because RRB did not allow for the recapture of track investment, leaving the railroads with limited capital to replace aging track lines. Over the previous three decades, it had become painfully obvious to everyone that the industry's economic woes were the result of archaic acc

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