Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Acier au carbone – Propriétés mécaniques – Propriétés électromagnétiques“
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Acier au carbone – Propriétés mécaniques – Propriétés électromagnétiques":
Oliveira, Anicio Costa Isadora Maria. „Relations entre la microstructure, les propriétés mécaniques et électromagnétiques de fils d'acier au carbone traités thermomécaniquement“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1R047.
Pearlite is a common constituent of a large variety of high strength steel grades typically used in many structural engineering applications, which demand a good combination of high strength and ductility. With the increasing requirements for product quality and in-service reliability, the non-destructive inspection of materials enables the evaluation of their properties including electromagnetic methods, such as eddy current testing (ECT). However, the influence of microstructural parameters on the physical properties indirectly measured by an electromagnetic sensor has not yet been completely elucidated. The objective of the present work is thereby to understand the relations between microstructure, mechanical properties, and electromagnetic behavior of carbon steel wires submitted to different thermomechanical treatments. It aims also at improving the knowledge of the physical and mechanical metallurgy of these steels. The effect of microstructure and plastic deformation on the electromagnetic responses of different steels with various tensile strengths was investigated through resistivity down to 2 K and magnetic measurements, as well as by ECT. In addition, magnetic domains could be imaged by magnetic force microscopy despite the complex microstructures. The electromagnetic responses changed according to the electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability variations of each material, which were mainly related to changes in the volume fraction, distribution, and morphology of the cementite phase within the α-ferrite matrix. The increase of carbon concentration enhances the localization of electrons at the atomic sites, assisting the covalent character of interatomic bonds and thereby reducing the conductivity of steels. Besides, the α-Fe3C interfaces that act as a physical barrier for dislocation slip in ferrite, affecting as well the main free-path for conductive electrons and magnetic domain walls displacements within the material. Conductivity and permeability increased in the order of martensite, sorbite, pearlite, proeutectoid ferrite-pearlite, spheroidite, and ferrite microstructures. Also, the electrical and magnetic behavior of fully pearlitic steels was observed to depend on the deformation resulted from the cold-drawing and in-service application where fatigue may occur. Low-cycle fatigue experiments have pointed out that the resistance can be managed by relevant thermo-mechanical treatments. The potentiality of ECT was highlighted as a characterization tool of the microstructural state and mechanical properties of steel wires during manufacturing processes or in-service environment. Finally, this technique has been shown to be useful for monitoring cyclic elastic deformation and plastic accommodation of pearlitic steels responding to fatigue-loading conditions
Fallot, Guillaume. „Rôle du carbone lors de la nitruration d’aciers de construction et influence sur les propriétés mécaniques“. Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENAM0029/document.
During the nitriding treatment, the diffusion of nitrogen in the steels causes the transformation of initial carbides into nitrides. During this transformation, carbon is released into the ferritic matrix. The experimental study has highlighted that the decarburization of the nitride layer occurs regardless of the type of nitriding and could reach 20% when the nitriding surface is not composed of compound layer This decarburization is induced by the reaction of the carbon released during the transformation of the cementite, with the hydrogen produced by the decomposition of ammonia to give a carburized species ?, this reaction occurs as long as any compound layer exists at the surface of the sample. This carbon redistribution has an influence on the microstructure and the residual stresses of the nitride layers. Based on experimental results, this phenomenon has been implemented in the nitriding simulation model developed in the laboratory. This implementation focuses on initial and boundary conditions obtained by complementing the experimental results with a thermodynamic simulation, to simulate nitrogen and carbon profiles close to those obtained experimentally. The model also calculates the volume change due to ? the precipitation and calculates the fields of residual stresses generated at the nitriding temperature and their evolution during cooling.. The multiphase character of the material is taken into account; the simulation allowing knowing the residual stresses in the ferrite, the precipitates and macroscopic residual stresses through a micromechanical model of scale transition like self-consistent. This multiphysics approach is applicable to all alloy carbon steels (Cr, Mo, V). This model has specifically been applied to industrial grade 33CrMoV12-9. The entire study allows understanding the influence of carbon on the mechanical properties of nitrided layers and the development of an industrial nitriding cycle based on experimental results and simulation
Danylova, Olena. „Etude des relations microstructure/propriétés mécaniques des aciers bas carbone microallies, en fonction des paramètres du traitement thermique et thermomécanique“. Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAL0038.
Low carbon micro-alloyed steels produce today a lot of metallic materials having high level of potentialities because of the possibility to use an elaboration processing more economic in association with interesting mechanical properties. Especially ' such steels have high mechanical strength coupled with a high toughness and a low brittle/ductile transition temperature. Our study has consisted in approach of characterization at two levels: - First one is a micro structural characterization by using of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and microanalysis devices. - the second corresponds to a mechanical testing investigation such as tensile test, Charpy-V or U-notched test, BDWTT test, nano-hardness. The finality of these investigations has to carry out the correlation between the varied types of “bainitic” microstructures and the mechanical properties. The mixing of the bill type bainite and the tempered martensite provides the better compromise between the requirements asked for applications. However, this compromise is accessible only with the contribution of the micro-alloyed elements, which originate a precipitation under the form of the carbonitrides. These last contribute to the grain refinement in steels. This condition is absolutely necessary in order to have a high level of mechanical properties
Deshayes, Pascal. „Conséquences du refroidissement accéléré doux après laminage contrôlé sur la microstructure et les propriétés mécaniques d'aciers à 0,1% de carbone“. Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10029.
Gutier, Patrick. „Pulvérisation cathodique magnétron en condition réactive et propriétés mécaniques de revêtements duplex d'acier inoxydable enrichis en azote, carbone et oxygène“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPL042N.
This work deals with the synthesis, the physico-chemical and mechanical caracterisation of coatings obtained by cathodic magnetron sputtering of a metallic austenitic stainless steel target in different argon - reactive gas (nitrogen, methan or oxygen) mixtures. The metastable solid solutions which are nitrogen, carbon or oxygen supersatured, as weIl as the ceramic compound of oxide type (Fe, Cr, Ni)₃O₄, with their different crystalline or amorphous structures are studied by means of the main diffraction techniques of structural analysis and physical methods of chemical analysis. The second part of this work aims to point out the complete mechanical properties of the different coatings and composite (coating + substrat). The intrinsic properties of the different coatings were first studied in relation with the elaboration parameters and structural properties. Vickers indentation as well as single pass and triboscopic multipass scratch testing were then performed on the three type of N, C, 0 doped coatings, in order to establish a relation between the brittleness or ductility and the tribological behaviour (friction, wear)
Van, Duysen Jean-Claude. „Relations entre la microstructure et les propriétés mécaniques d'un acier ferritique au chrome-molybdène à basse teneur en carbone de type Z10 CD Nb V9-2“. Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112133.
Wauthier, Aurélie. „Observation expérimentale et prévision des paramètres de la déformation déterminants pour la genèse des textures cristallographiques lors de la recristalisation des tôles minces d'aciers à basse teneur en carbone“. Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA132010.
The aim of this study is to understand and to model, on physical bases, metallurgical and mechanical phenomena that induce changes in crystallographic textures. Microscopic and textural characterizations have been performed on an IF steel during its industrial process: in the hot band state, then after cold rolling and finally after recrystallisation. Deformation heterogeneities characterization like the modeling has been realized at different scales. The parameters extracted from experimental work, allow an estimation of the fragmentation that occurs in some specific crystallographic orientations. These results are in accordance with the stored energy estimation realized by XRD with, in average, two times more energy in the γ-fibre grains than in the α-fibre grains after high cold-rolling levels, but with low differences for low thickness reductions. A hierarchy of the fragmentation F is proposed such as F{100}<110> < F{112}<110> < F{111}<110> < F{111}<112> < F{554}<225>
Pacchini, Sébastien. „Etude des potentialités des nanotubes de carbone dans le domaine hyperfréquence : application à l'élaboration de matériaux nano-composites et contribution à la miniaturisation de composants électromécaniques (NEMS)“. Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/461/.
The discovery of carbon nanotubes (NTCs) by S. Iijima in 1990 allowed to explore a new world at the nanoscale. At the beginning of this decade, studies have provided a reproducibility of carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes have shown exceptional stiffness, strength and remarkable thermal and electrical properties, which make them ideal candidates for the development of multifunctional materials systems. My research presents two possible uses of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for microwave applications, exploiting their exceptional electrical and mechanical properties. The first one consist in utilizing their metallic or semiconducting properties to modify the electrical behavior of polymer (BCB) doped with carbon nanotubes. The second one aims to extend the concept of passive and reconfigurable micrometer components (MEMS)at the nanoscale to develop Nano-Electro-Mechanics Systems (NEMS). The first study consisted of an electromagnetic characterisation of polymer BenzoCycloButen (BCB) composites containing dispersed CNTs at microwave frequencies (40MHz - 40GHz) using coplanar waveguides (CPW). A new nano-composite material based on carbon nanotubes and BCB polymer is studied for shielding and electromagnetic wave absorption. For the first time to our knowledge, methods of homogenization and composite fabrication are presented, next test structures to measure microwave parameters are developed. After characterization, linear attenuation "a", complex permittivity "e*", conductivity "s" and power absorption "PA" are extracted and compared to simulation results obtained using the electromagnetic field simulator "HFSS". The electrical parameters of nano-composites are modified by DWCNTs concentration. The percolation threshold is obtained with only 0. 075wt. % of DWCNTs in BCB and the nano-composites showed 5dB of PA at 30GHz. The resulting engineerable composite gives RF-designer one more degree of freedom to to develop and optimize microwave components. .
Alwan, Raad Aboud. „Analyse des évolutions structurales et du comportement mécanique d'un acier au chrome-nickel-molybdène à très bas carbone du type Z1CNDA 12-09-02, en fonction des traitements thermiques“. Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112002.
We have studied the structural behavior of a stainless steel capable of age hardening, with a very low carbon content. The martensitic alloy concerned by this research has the following composition : Fe-11. 7 Cr-9. 2 Ni-1. 99 Mo-0. 71 Al-0. 34Ti. The thermal treatments have been undertaken in the temperature range of -160°C and 1150°C. The kinetics of the austenitic transformation and the volumic fraction of reversed austenite stabilizes at ambient temperature have been caracterized as a function of the treatment conditions (isothermal and/or isochronal). During isothermal tempering three stages of hardening may occure before the overaging phenomenon and the formation of reversed austenite. Finally, interesting mechanical properties (Rm and R0. 002) and the improvement of A % and KCV for this alloy, can be obtained when the tempering is performed in the range of 525-550°C, the increase in ductility and toughness being obtained to the detriment of a small decrease in mechanical proof
Gonzalez, Hermosilla Wilfrido Arturo. „Estudio del comportamiento en fatiga de un acero SAE 1045 recubierto con WC-10%Co-4%Cr depositado mediante proyección termica de alta velocidad“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10121/document.
The present research work has been carried out in order to study the influence of the surface preparation of a SAE 1045 steel substrate on its fatigue behavior after coating with WC-10%Co-4%Cr deposited by HVOF thermal spraying. Prior to HVOF deposition, the substrate was prepared in three different surface roughness conditions, in order to provide mechanical bonding to the coating. The microstructural analysis of the coated systems was carried out employing SEM techniques. The substrate surface roughness was evaluated by means of optical perfilometry and the adherence of the coating to the substrate was studied employing interface indentation techniques. The elastic modulus of both substrate and coating was determined by means of ultrasound techniques. The fatigue behavior of the substrate-coating system was investigated under rotating bending conditions (R = - 1), employing maximum alternating stresses in the range of 358-420 MPa. A numerical simulation, employing a FEM commercial code, was carried out in order to describe the fatigue behavior of the coated systems. This investigation has allowed a better understanding of the fatigue behavior of the coated systems obtained by HVOF thermal spraying and the correlation of such a behavior with important parameters such substrate roughness, coating microstructural characteristics and its adherence to the substrate