Dissertationen: „Active communities“

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Gharib, Rebwar Kamal. „Factors affecting active participation in business-to-business online business communities“. Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/336405.

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The aim of this research is to investigate factors affecting active participation in Business-to-Business Online Business Communities (B2B OBCs). The primary objective of the study was to develop a framework to better understand the important factors affecting members’ active participation behaviour in B2B OBCs. To achieve the main goal of this research, an integrated framework was developed underpinned by three well known theories: Uses and Gratification (U&G), Social Exchange (SET), and Information Systems Success Model (ISSM). A mixed method approach (partially mixed sequential dominant status design) was employed to answer the research question and achieve the objectives of the study. Accordingly, this study was carried out in two phases. During the first phase an exploratory study was carried out to further explore the framework. For that purpose semi-structured interviews with twelve members of B2B OBCs were conducted. The collected data was analysed using thematic analysis utilising NVIVO and this assisted in discovering another important factor ‘service quality’, which reflected on the moderator’s role inside B2B OBCs. Subsequently, service quality was added to the model. The exploratory study is also helped to develop a new measure for active participation in the context of B2B OBCs as this study was unable to adapt the measure for the construct from prior studies due to the discrepancy in the literature. In the second phase of the study, a quantitative approach (online questionnaires) was employed to test the developed framework. Using non-probability convenience sampling technique, 521 useable online questionnaires were collected from 41 B2B OBCs on LinkedIn. The collected data was then analysed using a second generation approach (SEM) utilising AMOS. During the data analysis, two U&G constructs (functional need and hedonic need) were found to have a positive impact on active participation. Yet, the direct association between psychological need and active participation was not significant. Nevertheless, the construct found to have a positive and indirect relationship with active participation. In addition, two of the SET constructs (reciprocity and affective commitment) were also found to have a positive association with active participation. Trusting beliefs was found to have no direct impact on active participation. Further analysis revealed that the relationship between the two construct was indirect via affective commitment. Furthermore, three factors that were identified under ISSM, information quality, system quality, and service quality, were also found to be the antecedent of trusting beliefs but they did not have a direct impact on active participation. Information quality and service quality were also found to have an indirect and positive impact on affective commitment and active participation. The analysis also revealed that members from different industry types had different participation behaviour in B2B OBCs. The research outcomes made several contributions to the literature. These include a new measure for active participation and service quality. This provides a new validated instrument for B2B OBC researchers to adapt in the future. Further, an integrated model for factors affecting active participation in B2B OBCs was developed. This also provides a foundation for future studies in the field. The final results of this study demonstrate the appropriateness and robustness of the developed model, and further suggests that any attempt to investigate members participation behaviour in B2B OBCs will be incomplete unless all three theories (U&G, SET, and ISSM) are cosnidered. Moreover, this study helped to extend the existing knowledge on Online Community (OC) defintions, OC taxonomies, OC commitment, and OC trust. Finally, the findings of this study propose several guidelines to assist B2B OBC providers to build and maintain successful communities.

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2

Stierman, Leslie. „The Villages of Lady Lake: American contradictions within a planned active lifestyle community“. Thesis, Boston University, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/27783.

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Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses.
PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
2031-01-02

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Smith, Andrea Lynn. „Healthy Communities: Designing, Planning and Implementing“. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32704.

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It is easy to overlook the individual features that constitute a community, including types and mix of land use, lot sizes, building type, size and height, setbacks, street and sidewalk widths, parking requirements, and infrastructure, all of which are controlled and regulated by land use development codes, more commonly referred to as zoning. Zoning is the primary means communities employ to control and guide land use and development decisions affecting the physical form of these places. However, zoning is a rigid, legal framework that separates uses and prescribes standards without describing or even considering what development will or should look like. Disenchantment with conventional zoning methods combined with innovative new approaches that address current and emerging issues are now readily available to learn from and adapt. A number of these approaches focus on design and form rather than use alone. The intentions of code reform focus on the creation of better public space, pedestrian friendly streets and communities, mixing uses and reducing parking requirements, all of which can lead to increased physical activity and healthy communities.
Master of Landscape Architecture

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Golob, Matias Ignacio. „Leisure-oriented Immigrant Entrepreneurship: Sites for Active Citizenship“. Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32239.

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Immigrant entrepreneurship’s social and political dimensions remain largely overlooked in leisure studies scholarship. In Canada, investigations of immigrant entrepreneurship have, with very few exceptions, been limited to the economic sphere. Through the theoretical work of Michel Foucault, critical discourse analysis, semi-structured interviews, and participant observation, in this dissertation I expose and explore the intersections between multicultural citizenship discourses and leisure-oriented non-European immigrant entrepreneurship in the Windsor-Essex region of southwestern Ontario. Written in the publishable paper format, this dissertation is comprised of three stand-alone papers: paper one illustrates how citizenship discourses produced and exercised through Canada’s Multiculturalism Act (Canada, 1988) simultaneously inhibit and enable immigrants’ leisure pursuits; paper two demonstrates how non-European immigrants use leisure-based entrepreneurship to affirm and resist constraints exercised through multicultural citizenship discourses; finally, paper three demonstrates how non-European immigrants use leisure-based entrepreneurship to expand their possibilities for recognition and equal rights in the social, cultural, and political spheres of Canadian society. My findings indicate that leisure-based entrepreneurship is an important site for immigrant minorities’ civic engagement. It is a space and a medium to express and sustain distinctive cultural traditions and practices. Further, it serves as a strategy for immigrant minorities to break down barriers and create opportunities for themselves and others to participate in and experience a wide range of leisure traditions and practices. In short, through this dissertation I show that leisure-based entrepreneurship is a technique employed by immigrant minorities to assert their membership in Canadian society and to lay claims to full and equal citizenship rights. Leisure-oriented immigrant entrepreneurship, I argue, is an important site for active citizenship.

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Flores, Gilberto Eugene. „Microbial Ecology of Active Marine Hydrothermal Vent Deposits: The Influence of Geologic Setting on Microbial Communities“. PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/250.

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The discovery of deep-sea hydrothermal vents in 1977 revealed an ecosystem supported by chemosynthesis with a rich diversity of invertebrates, Archaea and Bacteria. While the invertebrate vent communities are largely composed of endemic species and exist in different biogeographical provinces, the possible factors influencing the distribution patterns of free-living Archaea and Bacteria are still being explored. In particular, how differences in the geologic setting of vent fields influence microbial communities and populations associated with active vent deposits remains largely unknown. The overall goal of the studies presented in this dissertation was to examine the links between the geologic setting of hydrothermal vent fields and microorganisms associated with actively venting mineral deposits at two levels of biological organization. At the community level, bar-coded pyrosequencing of a segment of the archaeal and bacterial 16S rRNA gene was employed to characterize and compare the microbial communities associated with numerous deposits from several geochemically different vent fields. Results from these studies suggest that factors influencing end-member fluid chemistry, such as host-rock composition and degassing of magmatic volatiles, help to structure the microbial communities at the vent field scale. At the population level, targeted cultivation-dependent and -independent studies were conducted in order to expand our understanding of thermoacidophily in diverse hydrothermal environments. Results of these studies expanded the phylogenetic and physiological diversity of thermoacidophiles in deep-sea vent environments and provided clues to factors that are influencing the biogeography of an important thermoacidophilic archaeal lineage. Overall, these studies have increased our understanding of the interplay between geologic processes and microorganisms in deep-sea hydrothermal environments.

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Haglund, Ann-Louise. „Attached Bacterial Communities in Lakes – Habitat-Specific Differences“. Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4627.

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7

Rainsford, Emily. „The nature of youth activism : exploring young people who are politically active in different institutional settings“. Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/374697/.

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8

Peck, Madeline. „Active Design: Towards Healthy Communities : Using urban Design to promote healthy lifestyles and physical activity in one Swedish Suburb“. Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-119508.

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9

Blanchard, Laurine. „Impact of lightning on evolution, structure and function of bacterial communities“. Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01024190.

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To diversify their genetic material, allowing adaptation to environmental disturbances and colonization of new ecological niches, bacteria use various evolutionary processes, including the acquisition of new genetic material by horizontal transfer mechanisms such as conjugation, transduction and transformation. Electrotransformation mediated by lightningrelated electrical phenomena may constitute an additional gene transfer mechanism occurring in nature. The presence in clouds of bacteria capable of forming ice nuclei that lead to precipitations and are involved in the triggering of lightning, such as the global phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae, led us to postulate that natural electrotransformation in clouds may affect bacteria, by contributing to increase their adaptive potential. We first determined if the ice nucleator bacterium P. syringae could survive when in clouds and acquire exogenous genetic material through lightning shock-simulating in vitro electroporation. In comparison to two other bacteria, P. syringae appears to be best adapted for survival and for genetic electrotransformation under these conditions, which suggests that this bacterium would be able to survive and evolve whilst being transported in clouds. Secondly, we evaluated the impact of lightning shock-simulating in vitro electroporation on the survival, the electrotransformation potential and the diversity of bacteria collected from rain samples. These isolates better resisted lightning than the laboratory strains and some were able to electrotransform exogenous DNA. The rain bacteria we isolated were of different origins and were representative of life modes of the various sources of bacterial emissions on Earth. Our study suggests that bacteria aerosolized from diverse terrestrial ecosystems can spread to new habitats through clouds whilst also being able to acquire new genetic material via lightning-based electrotransformation, thereby potentially enhancing their genetic diversity. The final part of our work consisted of evaluating whether electrotransformation could be applied to the engineering of indigenous soil bacteria in order to develop a tool for the bioremediation of lindane, a once widely used pesticide. Optimized experiments revealed that both natural and electrotransformation contributed to the incorporation of a plasmid harboring a gene encoding the first lindane dechlorination steps by indigenous soil bacteria. In conclusion, we showed that natural electrotransformation mediated by electrical discharges such as those occurring in clouds or reaching soils can be involved in the horizontal gene transfer process among bacteria and, considering the importance of lightning worldwide, may play a role in the adaptation and evolution of these organisms.

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Steward, David W., John B. Bossaer, Brian Odle, Emily Flores und Somi Rikhye. „Prescribing of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin and Warfarin in Patients with Acute Venous Thromboembolism and Active Cancer“. Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2322.

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Background: Malignancy is a significant risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE), conferring a 4- to 7-fold increased risk in patients with cancer. Because of its effect on certain tumors, low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) has been evaluated as a treatment option for cancer and as an alternative to traditional warfarin therapy in patients with active cancer. LMWH is associated with a reduced recurrence of VTE, fewer adverse bleeding events, and, in some instances, decreased mortality. The American College of Chest Physicians/American Society of Clinical Oncology has recommended LMWH for at least the initial 3 to 6 months when treating VTE in patients with cancer, based on the positive outcomes associated with LMWH. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate physician prescribing patterns for LMWH or warfarin in patients with acute VTE and active cancer. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of hospitalized patients at a community teaching hospital with an affiliated regional cancer center located in a rural area of the United States. Patients included in the analysis had an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code indicative of any cancer type and a concomitant code for any VTE. The primary outcome was the drug prescribed at discharge for the treatment of VTE. Secondary outcomes included specialty of the prescribing physician, adverse bleeding events, and the need for transfusion. VTE treatment regimen was evaluated using the binomial test, and logistic regression analysis was used to determine correlation of the prescriber’s specialty with the patient’s prescribed regimen. Results: Of 129 patients included in the analysis, 107 (82.9%) were prescribed warfarin compared with 9 (7%) who were prescribed LMWH. Hematologists and oncologists were more likely to prescribe LMWH than general practitioners (odds ratio, 7.8; 95% hazard ratio, 1.5-42). Seven patients had a documented adverse bleeding event and 2 patients required a transfusion. Four of the 7 adverse bleeding events and 1 of the 2 transfusions occurred in the group receiving vitamin K antagonist therapy. Conclusion: Physicians in our system were significantly more likely to prescribe warfarin for acute treatment of VTE in patients with active cancer—despite consistent evidence and multiple evidence-based guidelines recommending treatment with LMWH in this patient population. This was lower than other observations in Canadian populations but may more accurately represent nonteaching centers in the United States, particularly those in rural areas. Specialists in oncology were significantly more likely to prescribe LMWH than generalists.

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Kassotaki, Elissavet. „Elimination of micropollutants in conventional and novel nitrogen removal processes. A comparative assessment of diverse microbial communities capabilities“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664342.

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Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) can pose a significant risk to the environment and human health, undermining prosperity. Current wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) cannot efficiently act as barriers to their release and have been identified as main points of discharge and contamination. The present thesis aimed to investigate the fate of five PhACs (ibuprofen, sulfamethoxazole, metoprolol, carbamazepine and venlafaxine) and five EDCs (estrone, 17β-estradiol, estriol, 17α-ethinylestradiol and bisphenol A) in different systems simulating wastewater treatment scenarios and to identify factors triggering their elimination. A comparative assessment was carried out to determine the contribution of the microbial groups (either autotrophic or heterotrophic) present in different lab, pilot and full-scale treatment systems performing different processes in the removal of the selected compounds. The results indicated that the overall efficiency of wastewater treatment systems can be broadened by combining different aerobic and anaerobic conditions and different types of biomass
Els compostos farmacèuticament actius (PhACs) i els pertorbadors endocrins(EDC) poden suposar un risc considerable per al medi ambient i la salut humana. Les estacions depuradores d'aigües residuals (EDAR) no poden actuar de manera eficient com a barreres per al seu alliberament i s'han identificat com a punts principals de descàrrega. La present tesi pretén determinar el destí de cinc PhACs (ibuprofèn, sulfametoxazol, metoprolol, carbamazepina i venlafaxina) i cinc EDCs (estrona, 17β-estradiol, estriol, 17α-etinilestradiol i bisfenol A), en sistemes que simulen escenaris de tractament d'aigües residuals, per identificar els factors claus en la seva eliminació. Es va realitzar una avaluació comparativa per determinar la contribució dels diferents grups bacterians (autòtrofs o heteròtrofs) presents en diferents sistemes a escala de laboratori, pilot i a gran escala. Els resultats indiquen que l'eficiència global dels sistemes de tractament d'aigües residuals es pot ampliar combinant diferents condicions aeròbiques i anaeròbies i tipus de biomassa

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Adams, Rebekah D. „Strong communities, strong families: an examination of the association of community functioning with psychological resilience, psychopathology, and family outcomes in active duty Air Force members“. Diss., Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15080.

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Doctor of Philosophy
School of Family Studies and Human Services
Jared R. Anderson
Using a representative sample of married, active duty Air Force service members (N= 29,254), a theoretical model of community functioning was tested to examine the association between community functioning and three family outcomes (i.e., parent-child relationship satisfaction, family coping, and marital satisfaction). Tests of indirect relationships included measures of psychological resilience, depression, and PTSD, while rank and gender were examined as potential moderators. Results using structural equation modeling indicated that there was a direct, positive relationship between community functioning and all three family outcome variables and an indirect relationship through both psychological resilience and depression. In addition, there was a direct, negative relationship between community functioning and depression, as well as an indirect relationship through psychological resilience. Moderation was supported for rank only. These results demonstrate the importance of community functioning and resilience as they relate to service member’s mental health and family relationships. They suggest a potential framework in which community functioning and resilience may lead to reductions in individual and family risk factors.

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Marinus, Thurston Walter. „The role of communities in the recruitment and retention process of medical doctors for rural South Africa“. University of Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3933.

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Magister Commercii - MCom
The purpose of this research study is to explore the variables that contribute to improving the process of recruiting and retaining rural doctors within the South African context. The aim is to explore rural doctors’ perceptions of the role which the rural community can and ought to play in respect of the latter process. A basic recognition is that the emphasis on the Mainstream Approach (which elevates health workforce planning and management as well as market-related interventions and solutions) cannot exclusively achieve the desired result of effective and efficient recruitment and retention of rural doctors. The ‘active’ role which communities can and ought to play in the recruitment/ retention process, is an overlooked and neglected aspect within the South African research and healthcare service-delivery context. Even though the notion of collaborative management and governance of human resources within the health sector is generally mandated from a policy and legislative perspective, the practical manifestation and implementation thereof remain limited or at best piece-meal. An alternative governance model with reference to the humanresources- in-health system outlines the Partnership Approach advocating the need for the establishment of practical working relationships, amongst an identified range of multiple-stakeholders. This study examines the notions of ‘passive’ vis-à-vis ‘active’ community participation equated to the Utilitarian and Community Empowerment/ Development Perspectives continuum. The study introduces the ‘Principle of Balancing Model’ as well as the notion of a ‘hybrid perspective’ as key underpinnings of an efficacious rural-doctor recruitment and retention process.

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Sexton, Stephanie Fitzsimmons. „Relationship Between Stress Burden and Perceived Support Among Elderly Male Spousal Caregivers“. ScholarWorks, 2015. http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1717.

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As older couples age, often one partner becomes more competent and able to care for the other, in which case they are able to remain in their homes. In one township in the northeastern United States, the caregiving role had a significant effect on the lives of elderly men who care for their wives. The purpose of this quantitative project study was to determine the relationship between perceived stress burden and perceived level of social support services and between perceived stress burden and use of support services by elderly male spousal caregivers residing in active adult communities. Watson's theory of caring provided the theoretical foundation for this study. A correlational design was used and data were collected from 82 elderly male spousal caregivers with (a) the Zarit Burden Interview; (b) the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support; and (c) a checklist, Support Services in Your Area. Descriptive analysis indicated that participants carry a large stress burden, particularly emotional stress (Zarit Burden score of 36.58/65), enjoy strong social support (Multidimensional Scale score of 45.47/75), and use few community services. Pearson's product-moment correlation revealed no significant relationship between perceived stress burden and perceived social support or between perceived stress burden and use of community services, indicating that men feel emotional stress but the feelings are not related to their use of community services. As community services were not used by elderly male caregiver spouses, a workshop for professionals was developed to help the professionals expand programs and services that may have value for these men in their caregiver role. This study has social significance because satisfaction with the caregiver role has consequences for the health and financial well-being of the elderly and for U.S. society.

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Perez, Denise. „Light-Use Efficiency of Coral-Reef Communities: A Sensitivity Analysis Using an Optically Based Model of Reef Productivity and Calcification“. NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/99.

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Biogeochemical processes of reefs have been studied for over fifty years, however, information is still lacking on several fundamental reef processes. This lack of information has been limited essentially by techniques that cannot repeatedly sample large spatial areas. These limitations can be reduced with the use of an optical model to estimate biogeochemical processes. This project applied Monteith's light-use efficiency model to coral reef communities for determining photosynthetic and calcification efficiency of light. Gross primary production and net calcification were pooled from the peer-reviewed literature to calculate efficiency. Process efficiency was then compared across functional types of reef communities (i.e., coral, algae/seagrasses, mixed, and sand), and by year, location, season, and depth. Photosynthetic efficiency was calculated from 19 studies, showing an average of 0.039 mol O2 mol-1 photons. Photosynthetic efficiency differed significantly for mixed communities between studies, and for algae/seagrass communities among depths. Calcification efficiency averaged at 0.007 mol CaCO3 mol-1 photons. Significant differences were found in calcification efficiency of algae/seagrasses and mixed reef communities among studies and localities. Additionally, calcification efficiency of algae/seagrasses varied significantly in accordance with depth. Future use of the light-use efficiency model will require determining the efficiency of each functional type to estimate gross production and calcification. Additionally, further investigation of the light-use efficiency model will require long-term measurements of APAR, which is the fraction of incident light absorbed, and the incorporation of environmental parameters that reduce efficiency.

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Borzillo, Stefano. „Communities of practice to actively manage best practices“. Wiesbaden : Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8350-9609-7.

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Luther, Elliz Allisha. „Sustainability action planning of small communities in British Columbia“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40449.

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Environmental changes associated with climate change have caused planners to incorporate sustainability into community planning processes. As a result, long term community sustainability has become an important objective to help mitigate the changes to the external environment. Issues surrounding land use, water quality, air quality transportation and waste management have been identified by communities as target areas for sustainability planning. This thesis examines the role of sustainability in the planning processes of small communities in British Columbia using Peachland and Armstrong as case studies. Small communities in particular have faced great challenges when developing objectives for long term community sustainability with varying levels of civic engagement and cultural capital. While federal and provincial governments have developed toolkits to help assist communities in planning sustainably, most of these toolkits have been developed for larger communities whose governance structures differ and where scale and intensity for community planning issues are very different when compared to small communities. Therefore, this thesis also investigates the role of governance in the planning processes of small communities. The governance structures of municipal governments have undergone a transitioning order to understand how sustainability is achieved in small communities, systems for decision making, accountability and responsibility must also be examined. Federal and provincial governments have been downloading more responsibility to municipal governments and dispersing more responsibility to the public sector. This thesis further investigates how shifts in governance falls align with neo-liberal strategies that force the community and the individual to take responsibility for decision making and accountability surrounding community planning and the overall welfare of the community.

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Ohlsson, Katarina. „Private Refugee Sponsorship Groups as Sites of Adult Learning“. Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-138971.

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Canada’s response to the Syrian refugee crisis includes a unique program where private citizens can raise funds to sponsor a refugee family. This private refugee sponsorship program tasks citizens with both the financial and social aspects of a refugee’s integration for their first year in Canada. The success of the program has led many other countries, particularly in Europe, to consider adopting a similar approach. Although there has been an increased interest in the program, there is a lack of research into the sponsorship experience. This study aims to provide further insight into the sponsorship experience by studying whether it includes an element of learning for the sponsors. This was done by conducting in-depth interviews and analyzing them based on situated learning theory and placing the results in the context of previous research done on sponsors in Canada during the Kosovo crisis. The principle findings of this study show that private refugee sponsorship groups are indeed sites of adult learning for the sponsors. However, the degree to which this is the case differs depending on how sponsorship groups are positioned vis-à-vis the refugee family and the professional settlement community.

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Fortier, Brad. „Long Form Improvisation - Creating Spontaneous Communities Through Collaborative Comedic Performance“. PDXScholar, 2008. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/32.

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Improvisational theater can tell us much about the driving social and cultural forces behind collaboration and collective constructions of reality, as well as the sorts of behaviors and practices that bolster their efficacy. The collaboration of the performers on generating a comedic piece of theater spontaneously from audience suggestions in a long improvisation creates a sense of what Victor Turner called communitas for the performers. That phenomenon can create a larger sense of socio-emotional unity between the audience and performers. Turning an anthropological lens on comedy theater, this presentation explores the performer-audience dynamic and its impact on the success of an improvised comedic performance. Research was conducted through an ethnography of improvisational acting troupes and their audiences in Rochester, New York, and presents a series of unique situated references that help delineate a social bond between the audience and performers, or a "micro" version of what Gary Allan Fine and Michaela DeSoucey term a "joking culture."

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Spandler, Helen. „Asylum to action : Paddington Day Hospital, therapeutic communities and beyond“. Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247203.

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Pinto, Ricardo. „The impact of Estate Action on developments in council housing, management and effectiveness“. Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1991. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3261/.

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Housing in Britain, and public housing in particular, has undergone a decade of turbulent flux. This thesis analyses the developments which have resulted in a changed emphasis and attitude towards council housing, investment patterns and systems, management organisations and forms of ownership. These changes mean that local housing authorities must adapt their policies and seize the new opportunities which present themselves. The discussion in chapter 2 provides the context for the main contribution of the thesis, which is an assessment of the Department of Environment's Estate Action (EA) initiative. The thesis argues that EA springs from this new housing context and, therefore, provides a useful framework with which to examine trends in English public housing, since it enables the changes and frictions between central and local government to be analysed, as well as indicating the potential consequences and outcomes of adaptation to the new housing setting. A series of issues are examined which form the focus of the empirical analysis. Particular attention is placed on the following aspects: the structure of central/local relations arising from implementing the EA initiative, the effects of EA on financial and management effectiveness and EA's housing policy consequences. Chapter 3 discusses the policy context and outlines the methodology to be employed. The main empirical analysis is presented in five chapters. In chapter 4, interviews with the EA Central team are reported as well as an analysis of documentary material on the background to EA. This discussion allows the origins and objectives of EA to be established from both the government's and the Department of Environment's viewpoints. In chapter 5, the results of a postal survey of all local authorities involved in EA are analysed in detail. This enables chapter 6 to develop a general assessment of the local authority response to the EA initiative. Chapter 7 presents the responses of EA Central and Department of Environment Regional Offices to the survey findings. Finally, chapter 8 reports on four case-studies which assess EA in the context of specific localities. The analysis attempts to establish EA's success in implementing schemes via a discussion of managerial data, tenant opinions and staff assessments. EA's wider impact on local housing authorities' policies towards public housing is also evaluated and found to be influential. Chapter 9 synthesizes the main empirical and theoretical findings and assesses the implications of the research for an understanding of the council housing system in general and EA in particular. Issues worth further investigation are also discussed.

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Mennigke, Stuart Michael. „Reciprocal Learning among educators in two communities in KwaZulu- Natal“. Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_8100_1256898488.

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This research sets out to analyze the adult learning practices between two groups of secondary school teachers from historically differently resourced schools in the context of partnership. It seeks to test the nature of the partnership which exists between these schools, and exploe the nature of the learning which takes place between the teachers as adult learners. Reflections on the literature illustrate the issues surrounding the nature of learning among adult learners in shared community relationships. Methodologically this research is qualitative in nature , and has used the wider Social Responsibility Programme of St Agnes College as a field for interaction. Within that wider programme specifically, the mathematics partnership between Umdodo High School (UHS) and St Agnes was used for data colllection...

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Babington, Peter Gervase. „Ageing well : using action research in a parish church setting“. Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7936/.

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This dissertation reports a research project conducted as part of the Doctor of Practical Theology professional doctorate programme at the University of Birmingham. The research explored how the perceived needs of older people in an Anglican Parish Church might be more adequately understood and addressed through an Action Research strategy. Initial investigation by means of focus groups led to the design and implementation of a short course for people over 55 through which they could share their practical wisdom about how to age well. The course is described and reflected on in detail as the key action within this Participative Action Research process. The research adopted a strengths-based philosophy and was influenced by the approach of Asset Based Community Development. Emergent theory from reflection on practice include non-essentialist, general and specific experiences of ageing which are related back to pastoral ministry. The findings suggest some ordinary ways in which older people can be enabled to adopt a positive attitude, overcome obstacles and challenge a deficit model of ageing. Theological reflections explore issues of normalizing ageing, the ethic of abundance, fullness of life, and a Christian theological anthropology which holds ageing to be a Creation good.

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Barber, Claire. „Cloth in action : the transformative power of cloth in communites“. Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2015. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/29190/.

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The work submitted for the PhD by Publication is evidence of my investigation into the significance of textiles as an aesthetic experience within a socially engaged form of material practice, some of which involves other people. Social engagement has been an active and deliberate agent in the aesthetic transformation of functional material objects in two of my publications called The Sleeping Bag Project and You Are the Journey. A third publication is a co-edited book called Outside: Activating Cloth to Enhance the Way We Live. A range of essays by artists, curators and writers discloses previously unwritten commentaries on community initiatives that probe a range of empathetic modes of investigation that explore meaningful spaces for participation. I have come to recognise that a proactive attitude towards collaboration is evident in all three publications. It is exemplified by my approach to co-orchestrating the Outside book and by an eagerness to work with others to advance the concept of the transformative power of cloth within the live arena for socially engaged textile practices today. The relations between an aesthetic transformation and socially engaged practice was implicit in Rozsika Parker’s seminal text The Subversive Stitch first published in 1984 providing an analysis of textiles within social history. At the beginning of work on this PhD my relationship with the book was complex and full of tensions. My perceptions of Parker’s work changed as I discovered at the very end of my thesis connections between her work and mine that enable a deeper understanding of the need in my socially engaged textile practice today for the kind of aesthetics she describes historically as arising from social constraint. Consequently The Subversive Stitch has now re-appeared with value as a touchstone for my work in a contemporary context. The thesis then discusses examples of the outcomes of practices by other artists and considers the attention given to visual aesthetics within socially engaged practices. Ideas are developed to suggest how the aesthetic dimension of textiles may enhance principles of communal giving as an innovative strategy stretching beyond the coalition government’s Big Society agenda presented in 2010. Examples from investigations of textiles in museum archives including embroideries created by internees within Second World War prisoner-ofwar camps in the Far East are also examined. The aesthetic dimension of the embroideries carries significance through the vulnerable context in which they were created, as a potent series of statements involving cloth in action. In contemporary Britain, I have shown how such everyday objects as sleeping bags and travel tickets can capture the imagination by creating a connection with participants, when they may not have been consciously seeking an insight separate from the functionality of these objects. Nevertheless, an aesthetic gesture is surreptitiously tucked away. This has created a hybrid form of social engagement that can move fluidly between private and public spaces. The social engagement also involves processes of interaction and exchange with the object in the presentation of an active relationship with the object that is both seen and unseen.

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Carnrite, Catherine Lee. „Earthquake hazard awareness and mitigative action, a case study of two communities“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq24101.pdf.

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Bizana-Tutu, Dolly. „Traditional leaders in South Africa: Yesterday, today and tomorrow“. Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4972_1254296124.

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Traditional leaders were occupying communal political positions sanctified by cultural mores and values who enjoy the legitimacy of particular communities to direct their affairs. Their basis of legitimacy is tradition, which includes the whole range of inherited culture and way of life, a people's history, moral and social values and the traditional institutions which survive to serve those values. As stated by Bennett, the structure of tribes contained no more than a few thousand indivuduals. Members were assumed to be related by a tie of kinship and due to their ancestry, they were a homogenious group. They were three rungs in the hierarchy of traditional leadership, the Kumkani (King), the Nkosi (or Chief, a term the traditional leaders do not like because it is of colonial imposition), and the lowest rung called the Headman or junior traditional leader. Traditional rulers required no special training as they were qualified for office by their ansestry alone
a king is a king because he is born to it. Furthermore, the all inclusive powers of government were not differentiated, in the Western manner, into judicial, administrative and legislative categories. In South Africa the office was hereditary according to the principle of primogeniture in the male line. There was a duty to consult councillors and to act for the benefit of the people. Even though many of the issues of traditional leadership were similar across the country, it must be accepted that traditional leadershipis the expression of different nations. Each African nation had a dirresent system of customary law and different models of traditional societal organisation in which traditional leadership plays diferent roles. If the grip of traditional leaders on the masses of the people were not broken, it would not be easy for colonial powers to get a listening ear from the people and therefore to govern as they saw fit...

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Cavalcanti, Débora de Barros. „Fighting for a place in the city : social practices and state action in Maceió, Brazil“. Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2009. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3820/.

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Our understanding of urban poverty has been broadened during the last decade to focus less on economic characteristics and to include concepts such as exclusion, vulnerability, and violence. The spatial components of poverty have received less attention despite concepts such as the right to the city entering the academic and policy reform agenda. This thesis explores the dynamics of spatial and social integration by surveying the everyday life of precarious settlements in a mediumsized city in North-East Brazil. A qualitative approach that links poverty, mobility, social networks and state action is employed to argue that informal settlements are spatial traps where the individual perspective and exploitative relationships surpass collective approaches. The use of life stories and interviews with residents in three settlements and with planners are used to deconstruct preconceptions and show how the fight for a place in the city takes shape. For the most part the state is absent from the poor's lives. This absence has some advantages in that the Brazilian state has a record of infringing human rights that leads to a loss of economic, social and spatial links. However, the lack of adequate intervention and community organisations means residents employ in their daily round various tactics including violence, opportunism, and economic and political bargaining to challenge the state and society to rethink the politics of invisibility and what I term as the territorialisation of poverty. The generational legacy of vulnerability and exclusion in the everyday life of the urban poor reveals the difficulties of implementing the right to the city when faced with the worst practices of state and social organisations. Continued mobility and spatial segregation, vulnerability and exclusion reveal that beyond a rhetoric of a right to the city the fight for a place in the city is not over.

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Laughlin, Ronnee. „Second change order at Mark Twain Elementary an action research study /“. Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6055.

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Thesis (Ed. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on June 19, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.

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Jones, Joanne H. „The Relationship Between Professional Learning Communities and Instructional Practices“. Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37493.

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This case study examined the implementation of the Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) at a high school that was labeled as a turnaround school (overall academic achievement proficiency below 55%) in 2006-2007. The foundation of PLCs is built on a shared vision and mission. The PLC principles of learning for all students, a collaborative culture, and a focus on results were the components most identified in the literature review, which helped shape the design of the methodology. Under the leadership of a new principal and with the implementation and focus on PLCs, Ocean Breeze High Schoolâ s (OBHS) academic achievement proficiency grew from 48.6% to 87.5% within a three-year period. Based on this phenomenal progress, this case study investigated the relationship between PLC characteristics and instructional practices at this school. The data sources included fourteen interviews with eleven teachers and three administrators, observations of two PLC meetings, fourteen classroom observations, and a document review. The data from the interviews were transcribed and themes were matched to reflect common perceptions from teachers and administrators on PLC practices. PLC meetings were observed to identify collaborative interactions between team members. A document review included any documents or artifacts that the school has used to implement PLC principles or similar practices. Classroom observations were conducted to compare if instructional practices correlate with interview responses, PLC meetings, and the documents reviewed. This study found that there is a relationship between PLCs and instructional practices. The findings included: (a) teachers ensure that all students learn by developing common instructional guides that support the state curriculum; (b) teachers meet to discuss the curriculum, pedagogical strategies, and assessments in PLC meetings; and (c) teachers and administrators analyze data to make instructional decisions to enhance teaching and learning.
Ed. D.

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Atiti, Abel Barasa. „Critical action research exploring organisational learning and sustainability in a Kenyan context /“. Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/27324.

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Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Division of Environmental and Life Science, Dept. of Graduate School of the Environment, 2008.
Bibliography: p. 370-395.
Part 1: Introduction and contextual influences ; chapter 1: Getting a sense of the research terrain ; chapter 2: Shaping contextual influences -- Part 2: Theoretical foundations of the study ; chapter 3: Understanding organisational change ; chapter 4: Exploring organisational learning and sustainability as social learning processes -- Part 3: Methodology and research processes ; chapter 5: Critical action research methodology ; chapter 6: Research design and processes -- Part 4: Contextual issues and social learning outcomes ; chapter 7: Critical organisational analysis of the NMK ; chapter 8: Deliberating and exploring possibilities for change -- Part 5: Discussion of findings ; chapter 9: Ontological, epistemological and pedagogical implications of the study ; chapter 10: Reflections, contributions and recommendations -- References.
The main goal of this study was to deepen an understanding of exploring organisational learning and sustainability using critical action research methodology in a Kenyan context. The research process invloved a group of 23 middle level management emplyees of the National Museums of Kenya (NMK) in identifying and acting on sustainability issues. This group was designed and cultivated as a community of practice for organisational learning purposes. The basic premise underlying the study is that exploring agential, structural and cultural interactions (morphogenetic relationships) through educational interventions (communicative interactions) in a community of practice can deepen context specific understanding of organisational learning and sustainability. I developed this argument by drawing on a complex philosophical framework that brought together assumptions from Archerian social realism, Deweyan pragmatism and critical theory. The framework underpinned three distinct and yet related theoretical perspectives - the Archerian morphogenetic approach. Habermasian critical theory and Lave and Wenger's communities of practice. The Archerian morphogenetic approach and Habermasian critical theory respectively provided ontological and epistemological perspectives for the study. Lave and Wenger's communities of practice approach provided both a unit of analysis (the NMK community) and a social theory of learning to complement the Archerian and Habermasian theoretical perspectives. -- I generated data within a 14-month period between March 2005 and March 2007 in three distinct but integrally intertwined broad action research cycles of inquiry. During the first cycle, the research group identified contextual issues related to organisational learning and sustainability. In the second cycle the group investigated the issues deeper and deliberated possibilities for social change and the emergence of sustainability. The final cycle delineated social learning outcomes from the study and explored ways of institutionalising social change processes. Throughout these cycles, I explored ways of knowing the social reality of enabling organisational learning and sustainability. The cycles were integral to communicative interactions, which I implemented as educational interventions for developing agency in the NMK community of practice. Data analysis was undertaken within cyclical processes of entering and managing data, manual coding and developing categories, identifying themes, presenting results and validating findings. -- Undertaking a collaborative critical organisational analysis of the NMK revealed various contextual factors that both constrained and enabled participant learning capabilities and reflexivity to address sustainability issues. These factors manifested as contextually mediated issues of communication and information flows, decision making and leadership (governance), staff motivation and development, financial management and identity and role of the NMK. The research process promoted collective social action and innovation, forstered critical reflections and reflexivity, enhanced democratic deliberations and strengthened systemic thinking capabilities in the NMK community of practice. This study contributes to the body of literature on environmental education in its employment of a coherent and complex philosophical and thoretical framework for exploring organisational learning and sustainability.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
xvi, 419 p. ill. (some col.)

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Chenot, Julie. „Réhabilitation écologique d’écosystèmes dégradés par l’exploitation des carrières : faire avec, refaire ou laisser faire la nature ?“ Thesis, Avignon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AVIG0344/document.

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L’écologie de la restauration est une discipline scientifique qui a vu le jour il y a une quarantaine d’années pour tenter de compenser les impacts négatifs du développement des sociétés sur les écosystèmes. Aujourd’hui, suite à des méta-analyses planétaires révélant le succès relatif des opérations de restauration écologique, une nouvelle question émerge : faut-il restaurer activement ou laisser en libre évolution les écosystèmes dégradés ? C’est dans ce contexte que ce projet de thèse a eu lieu avec une démarche qui s’est voulue pluridisciplinaire et a porté sur l’étude de l’impact de carrières sur la steppe méditerranéenne de Crau (Bouches-du-Rhône, France). Deux cas ont été pris en compte, (i) d’anciennes carrières exploitées dans les années 1970 et abandonnées présentant une diversité de modalités d’exploitation ou de réaménagement et, (ii) une carrière encore en cours d’exploitation dont la législation oblige la remise en état. L’objectif est de mieux identifier les éventuels verrous scientifiques en matière de connaissances pour la restauration et mieux définir les attentes sociétales afin de proposer au final une stratégie générale destinée à servir à la gestion future de ces écosystèmes. Les recherches de cette thèse se sont basées sur deux grandes questions, réflexions : (1) Les opérations de restauration écologique mises en place permettent-elles de restaurer l’écosystème de référence (= ici l’écosystème préexistant) ? En comparant différents traitements de restauration sur le long terme (transfert de sol selon différentes modalités, dépôts de matériaux anthropogéniques, absence de réhabilitation), nous avons pu montrer que le transfert de sol reste une bonne méthode, surtout lorsque les caractéristiques initiales du sol sont respectées. Néanmoins, il ne compense toujours pas à moyen-terme (35 ans) la destruction de l'écosystème préexistant : le sol et la communauté végétale de la steppe de référence ne sont pas encore complètement rétablis. Une deuxième technique de mélange de sol lorsque le sol originel n’est plus disponible a également été testée, mais elle ne présente pas non plus un succès total de restauration à court terme (3 ans). Une deuxième question s’est donc posée en parallèle: (2) Sans restauration active, quelle est la valeur de la biodiversité générée par les activités humaines ? Et plus globalement, quelles natures voulons-nous ? Les carrières ont détruit l’écosystème steppique qui préexistait mais ont créé également de nouvelles conditions (pédologiques, de nouveaux habitats) qui soutiennent le fonctionnement et la connectivité d’espèces pionnières et abritent une importante biodiversité patrimoniale absente de l’écosystème d’origine. De plus, la comparaison entre les paysages de carrières et l’écosystème de référence auprès de différents acteurs territoriaux et du grand public a montré que les anciennes carrières sont perçues comme étant beaucoup plus naturelles que la steppe de référence et qu’elles sont également associées à une importante biodiversité. Ces résultats pourraient donc réorienter les choix de restauration ou de gestion, afin de choisir entre 1) ce qui est actuellement recommandé (une restauration active appliquée en fin d’exploitation avec l’écosystème historique en référence) et 2) une libre expression de la nature férale encore appelée restauration passive (avec ou pas réaffectation initiale ; i.e. où l’écosystème de référence est différent de l’écosystème préexistant)
Restoration ecology is a scientific discipline that has emerged forty years ago to try to compensate the negative impacts of society development on ecosystems. Today, following global meta-analyzes revealing the relative success of ecological restoration, a new question emerges: should we actively or passively restore degraded ecosystems? It is in this context that this thesis project took place with a multidisciplinary approach and focused on the study of quarrying impacts on the Mediterranean steppe of Crau (Bouches-du-Rhône, France). Two cases were taken into account: (i) old quarries operated in the 1970s and abandoned then, presenting a variety of exploitation types or rehabilitation modalities, and (ii) a quarry still in the process of exploitation, the legislation now requiring repairs. The aim is to better identify possible scientific obstacles in the field of knowledge for ecological restoration and better define societal expectations in order to finally propose a general strategy intended to serve the future management of these ecosystems. The research of this thesis was based on two major questions, reflections: (1) Do ecological restoration actions restore the reference ecosystem (= the pre-existing ecosystem)? By comparing different long-term restoration treatments (various types of soil transfers, anthropogenic deposits, lack of rehabilitation), we were able to show that soil transfer is still the best method, especially when the initial characteristics of the soil are respected. However, it still does not compensate in the medium term (35 years) for the destruction of the pre-existing ecosystem: the soil and the plant community of the reference steppe are not completely restored yet. A second soil mixing technique used when the original soil is no longer available has also been tested, but it is not very successful either in the short-term (3 years). A second question arose in parallel: (2) Without active restoration, what is the value of biodiversity generated by human activities? And more generally, what kind of nature do we want? Quarries have destroyed the pre-existing steppe ecosystem but have also created new conditions (soil, new habitats) that support the functioning and connectivity of pioneer species and shelter important heritage biodiversity that is absent from the pre-existing ecosystem. In addition, the comparison between the quarry landscapes and the reference ecosystem landscapes with different stakeholders and the general public has shown that the old quarries are perceived as being much more natural than the reference steppe and that they are also associated to an important biodiversity. These results could therefore reorient the choice of restoration or management, in order to choose between 1) what is currently recommended (active restoration applied after the end of quarry exploitation with the historical ecosystem as a reference) and 2) the free expression of feral nature also called passive restoration (with or without reclamation, i.e. where the reference ecosystem is different from the pre-existing ecosystem)

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Villanueva, Ronald A. „The Human Endeavor of Intentional Communities: The Gawad Kalinga Movement“. Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195056.

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This is a story of a social movement's conception and the articulation of its meaning and meaningfulness. Gawad Kalinga, an ambitious Philippine community development cum nation building movement, initiated "GK777" to build 700,000 homes in 7,000 communities, in seven years. I assessed the national and global implications of this social movement's social networking model of nation-building through community development, poverty alleviation, and slum eradication. Using an ethnographic case study to conduct an inductive, grounded theory analysis, the study sought to explore if strategies and actions that go beyond traditional and conflict-centered social movement conceptions are enabling it to achieve their goals and to transfer its model to five other countries. The global implications and replicability of GK's nation-building model on the emergence and development of other forms of social movements, civil society-state governance, are compelling. The attempt at articulating and integrating political process and opportunity structure, resource/ structure mobilization, framing process, and new social movement theories in explaining another form of social movement and of civil society highlights the suitability for such kind of research, long-term monitoring and evaluation, and theorizing.

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Wheatley, Lucy Rose. „Sport action zones : empowering local communities? : the regional manifestation of a national initiative“. Thesis, Durham University, 2007. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2561/.

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In response to the Social Exclusion Unit's Policy Action Team 10 (1999), Sport Action Zones (SAZs) were launched in 2000 as Sport England's attempt to create an effective and sustainable sporting infrastructure in areas of high economic and social deprivation, ensuring more equitable participation in sport (Sport England, 2003a). Such an initiative was supported by the firm belief that although sport and physical activity could not in themselves prevent or eradicate social exclusion (Pitter and Andrews, 1997), they were one potential means of positively affecting health, education and crime (PAT 10, 1999; Farrell and Shields, 2002; Sandford et al., 2006). It is essential to adopt a holistic approach that concentrates on those problems experienced by individuals engaged in a physical activity intervention (the context), rather than the intervention itself. This is a consequence of the fact that any quest to abolish dimensions of social exclusion will involve a plethora of complex associations and factors which create a myriad of outcomes (Coalter et al., 2000). Using hybrid grounded theory as the theoretical underpinning, this study investigated over three years (2002-2005) the implementation of four projects within the Wear Valley SAZ in the north-east of England: Walking the Way to Health; Community Physical Activity Coordinators; Positive Futures; Modem Apprentices. Adopting an internal relative ontology and a subjective epistemology, case study methodology was employed in conjunction with participant observation, questionnaires, focus groups and interviews. Key themes emerged from the qualitative analysis of data, facilitating a deeper understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of the Sport Action Zone, and of the individuals who engaged with it. The Wear Valley SAZ was seen to positively impact upon health, education, and crime. Nevertheless, the extent of this contribution to social inclusion was limited as it failed to adequately engage with those at greatest risk of social exclusion. Sport Action Zones have the potential to contribute significantly to social inclusion in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation, but this impact will be determined by the extent of consideration given to both the context within which the intervention is to exist and the potential mechanisms responsible for change. Moreover, to be successful, any such intervention must (at the design stage) be cognisant of the interrelationships between: physical activity determinants, notions of empowerment, attitude towards physical activity, and sustainability of participation. These are fundamental intervention precursors required to maximise those positive impacts upon health, education, and crime. Furthermore, as the complexity of the multiple risk factors associated with social exclusion inevitably lead to delays in affecting significant change, allowing time to address individual risk factors will increase the probability of creating a more effective and sustainable sporting infrastructure, particularly in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation.

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Knowles, Lynsey. „The role of communities in environmental sustainability projects :the need for local action“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13128.

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Includes bibliographical references.
This study explores how community participation contributes to the success of a local environmental sustainability project. In order to avoid approaching sustainability and community participation using the “silo approach,” I established an integrated framework of community participation and sustainability based on a review of relevant literature. I established assessment criteria and analysed the Green Living DC case study against these criteria in order to answer my primary and secondary research questions. As a case study, Green Living DC uses community participation to complete environmental sustainability projects. Primarily, I used the case study methods research to address theories in practice. I collected secondary quantitative data about the community demographics and local environmental quality. I collected qualitative data about local environmental sustainability projects though semi-structured individual interviews with members of Green Living DC. I put forth recommendations based on a synthesis of the research findings with the theoretical framework of sustainability and community participation. My research findings indicate that community participation should be a requirement of environmental sustainability projects. Although no two projects are exactly the same, optimum participation should be decided on within each project framework. Communities should define their own idea of “success,” suitable for their specific context. I also put forth recommendations for NGOs implementing environmental sustainability projects. Ultimately, NGOs can benefit and serve to bridge the gap between local government and citizens in implementing environmental sustainability projects.

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Khan, Nuraan. „Characterisation of microbial communities associated with hypolithic environments in Antarctic Dry Valley soils“. Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_7054_1269981243.

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The Eastern Antarctic Dry Valley region is a polar desert, where conditions of extreme aridity, high temperature fluctuations and high irradiation levels make it one of the most extreme environments on earth. Despite the harsh environment, the soils in this region yield a wide range of bacterial and eukaryotic phylotypes in greater abundance than previously believed. In the Dry Valleys, highly localized niche communities colonise the underside of translucent quartz rocks and present macroscopic growth.

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Preston, Sheila. „Theatre for development in context : exploring the possibilities and contradictions of visions of theatre and development within the action of community“. Thesis, University of Winchester, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341380.

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This study is research into practice, concerned with locating a critical perspective into the possibilities of drama in achieving sustainable development within communities. This qualitative research approach draws on action-research paradigms, ethnographic techniques and drama methodologies to create in depth analysis of the facilitation and action of community drama within case study contexts. The case study contexts were drawn from the field of mental health provision and the context of self-advocacy for people with learning difficulties. Drama and video workshops were facilitated within these groups between periods of 9 - 18 months. Participants were involved from three groups including a women's group and a male orientated group within mental health provision, and a group for young adults with learning difficulties within a self advocacy project. This thesis contributes to knowledge in the field of Theatre for Development and UK community based drama in the following ways: The thesis suggests that previous assumptions and claims as to the 'success' of community drama projects need closer, critical interrogation. Analysis of the field work reveals that 'visions' of theatre and development face conflict when positioned in context, as both the nature and action of community is itself contested and ambivalent. The relationship of the facilitator role to other involved parties is given specific interrogation. The role and persona of the facilitator as a key player is identified, and demonstrated as such throughout the thesis through adoption of self-reflexive strategies of writing. It becomes clear that the radical, pedagogic intent of the drama process to foster collective ownership through the critical addressing and the representation of issues pertinent to a group's social reality, is questioned by those involved at various levels in the process. In exploring the nature of drama and video representations as resistance and intervention, sites of personal resistance and 'counter' interventions are illuminated. However, the reality of resistance is also bound up within the complexity of identity politics where the consequences of 'coming out' and accepting a label can become both a liberatory and oppressive experience. In chapter eight the continual difficulty of sustainability is examined and critiqued in the light of key issues identified within the previous chapters. Finally, the thesis assesses the substantive issues in relation to current discourses in cultural theory. By resisting opportunities to prescribe models and techniques thus reproducing the discourses critiqued this study culminates with optimism. Developing creative frameworks, that genuinely engage with contradiction and the complicated politics of context, are deemed as critical conditions for practices.

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Byrne, B. „The introduction of information and communications technology into physical communities : an action case study“. Thesis, University of Salford, 2003. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/2117/.

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The role of information and communications technology, which has been mostly limited to use within business and government organisations, is now moving through society and touching all sections, groups and individuals therein. Information and communications technology is now pervading physical, or real, communities, as opposed to communities created through information technology, virtual communities. For the purposes of this research study, a traditional view of community is taken and defined as people sharing experiences and interrelations with others living in a physical locality, comprising all residents, workforce, official bodies and authorities that exist or have business within a defined physical area. There is potential for positive change within physical communities through the use of such technology to change the way people work, interact with local government, and the way people access information. There are also potential dangers that cannot be ignored. Unfortunately, due to the nature of the technology and the speed of advances in the technology, some dangers may be overlooked. Much of the research work concerning these issues tends to be focused on the technological aspects of the phenomenon, or takes a utopian view of the implementation of technological advances within communities. This research study takes a more critical view of the issues involved and is based upon an exploration of the issues associated with the introduction of information and communication technologies within the physical community. The study uses an ethics-based framework to explore these issues, together with a unified conceptual framework covering all aspects of the research study. An ethics-based approach was chosen because of its applicability to issues that have potentially harmful social effects, and was closely related to prior research work. An action case research method was employed to engage with a selected research subject. This allowed the researcher to conduct the study while acting close to the main participants within a community. Research uncovered a number of research findings or lessons, including, but not limited to, the finding that: the introduction of ICT into physical communities has divergent issues that stem from a broad spectrum of domains; arguments portraying aspects of projects as being amoral must be countered, that ethics is not just about big questions; that ethical analysis is important, both to the subject area of this research and others; the contingent nature of IS research in context means IS research cannot follow the waterfall model. Research also led to the formation of two important ideas, the notion engagement and in-situ ethical analysis.

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Ko, Andrew. „In beta : an action research journey of developing music communities as an app creator“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/in-beta-an-action-research-journey-of-developing-music-communities-as-an-app-creator(b1135f08-1a44-44f1-96ed-a95109675aca).html.

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Music is an essential part of people’s every day lives, accompanying them as they go about their daily routines, and it can be experienced in almost any context now; which allows us to capture, categorize and reconstruct the activities and memories that shape our personal, social and cultural lives. In this thesis, the area of concern that I explore is the creation of an online community based on people’s experiences with music. Because of the personal nature of the topic and the tendency for the information to change over time, the methodology I chose was action research, specifically Checkland and Holwell’s (1998) FMA methodology. Using this approach, I investigate the different kinds of technology that can be used to build the foundations of the community and which factors are most salient to facilitate member growth. I also examine the effects that user-generated content has on the participation within an online community and the technological features that aid in facilitating this. I discovered that trust is a vital part of an online community because it fosters cooperation between members through visible pro-social behaviour, and that a combination of ease of use, usefulness and the size of the community could influence the participation and activity of users in generating content. I also found that the development cycle for Internet software never ends, thus permanently in beta, as there will always be improvements to the community based on user feedback. I analyzed the data by comparing key metrics such as membership and user-generated content growth for each community to see if the learning and reflections from previous cycles helped improve community participation in the current cycle. The results I obtained and method I used in the thesis demonstrated my contribution to the body of knowledge in using action research theory, specifically the FMA methodology, to investigate, learn and develop an online community as an app creator. I argue that action research can help guide academic-based startups in much the same way as other startup frameworks and this point is one of the focuses for future research on this topic.

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Pagani, Margherita. „The Role of consumer experiential engagement in new media based social networks environnments : implications for marketing strategies“. Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30091.

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Le but de cette thèse est de comprendre comment les entreprises peuvent faire augmenter une expérience donnant naissance à l’engagement des consommateurs grâce aux nouveaux médias (comme les vidéos du Web, les dispositifs de téléphonie mobile et la télévision "traditionnelle") afin de stimuler le comportement actif des clients et de redéfinir des stratégies commerciales de marketing. Nous avons structuré notre analyse sur trois études d’approche.Dans la première étude, nous avons décrit comment l'engagement personnel avec le contenu et l'engagement social interactif (résultant du sens perçu de la communauté, du sentiment d'appréciation intrinsèque et de la participation à l'expérience) influencent différemment le comportement actif et passif sur des sites de télévision sociale. Nous avons testé des hypothèses en estimant un modèle d'équation structurale avec les données d'une enquête sur un groupe de 814 utilisateurs de télévision sociale aux Etats-Unis et en Europe. Dans la deuxième étude, nous examinons l'influence de l'intrusion dans la vie privée sur la relation entre l'engagement expérientiel (c'est à dire l'engagement personnel et l'engagement interactif et social) et l'utilisation active et passif et nous avons testé ces hypothèses (379 utilisateurs) en tenant compte de services de géolocalisation sur téléphonie mobile. Dans la troisième étude, nous avons élargi notre cadre conceptuel et étudié les effets de l'engagement social interactif sur l'identité sociale et l'appréciation des marques. Le modèle a été validé expérimentalement en menant une enquête sur des pages de fans de Facebook de 20 grandes marques internationales situées en Europe et aux Etats-Unis (panel de 387 personnes). Les résultats émergeant des trois études prouvent que l'engagement expérientiel a des effets positifs sur le comportement du consommateur (actif et passif) en ligne et qu'il contraste avec l'effet négatif de l'atteinte à la vie privée. Les résultats obtenus confirment les effets positifs de l'engagement social et interactif sur les rapports affectifs des consommateurs pour une marque et le plein effet de l'identité sociale. De manière plus spécifique, les annonceurs publicitaires, qui forcent les expériences pouvant influencer l'engagement social et interactif, peuvent aussi influer sur l'identité sociale et le rapport avec une marque
The thesis aims to understand how companies can leverage on consumer experiential engagement in new-media based social media environments (using video on the web, handheld devices and web 2.0) in order to stimulate active behavior and redefine commercial marketing strategies. We structure our analysis on a three studies approach. The first study describes how Personal Engagement with the content and Social-Interactive Engagement (resulting from the perceived sense of community, intrinsic enjoyment and participation experience) differently influence both active and passive behavior. We test hypotheses with survey data from a sample of 814 US and EU social TV users. In study 2 we examine the influence of privacy intrusiveness on the relation between Experiential Engagement (Personal and Social-interactive Engagement) and active and passive use and we test it (n=379) with reference to mobile location-based social networking applications in EU and US. In study 3 we develop a conceptual model in which social-interactive engagement influences social identity directly and brand love indirectly through the mediating effect of social identity. The model was empirically validated (n=387) on the Facebook fan pages of 20 leading international brands in EU and the US. Findings emerging from the three studies show that Experiential Engagement has positive effects on the consumer behavior online (active and passive) and it may contrast the negative effect of privacy intrusiveness. The results obtained show also a positive effects of social-interactive engagement on consumer-brand affective relationships (brand love) and the full mediating effect of social identity. More specifically advertisers, leveraging on experiences that influence social-interactive engagement can influence the social identity and the relationship with the brand

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Gross, Clare M. „Understanding the Attitudes and Beliefs of Faculty Members in Regards to Learning Communities at Cleveland State University“. Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1259944870.

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Arday, Jason. „An exploration of peer-mentoring among student teachers to inform reflective practice within the context of action research“. Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2015. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/4552/.

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In recent decades, reflective practice and mentoring have become vehicles for endorsing professional development and competency among student teachers during their induction into the teaching profession. This research study aims to explore the extent to which peer-mentoring can inform reflective practice among student teachers within a community of practice. The mentoring concepts illuminated within this study suggest a move away from hierarchical expert-novice approaches towards mentoring, in exchange for more reciprocal endeavour where power dynamics are removed and both participants become equal receivers and disseminators of knowledge regarding teaching and learning. A qualitative approach was employed through a four-phase, sequential data collection strategy to gather the narrative data collated. Interviews, reflective pro-formas, workshops and open-ended questionnaires were used as instruments to collate narrative data concerning the peer-mentoring experiences of four student teachers. The data was analysed utilising an interpretive phenomenological analysis approach. The student teachers involved in this study were selected from a purposive sample. Importantly, the participants selected demonstrated professional characteristics which resonated with the aims of this study. A conceptual framework was designed to capture and examine six dimensions of collaborative mentoring in which student teachers could explore aspects of their own teaching practice through action research. The findings generated within the study point towards a range of contexts and challenges concerning peer-mentoring. The findings revealed that the mentoring dimensions used to stimulate meaningful reflection influenced professional development, while the challenges presented issues concerning; trust, power and time. However, the findings also indicate that challenges to peer-mentoring are not insurmountable. This particular study contends that further research is recommended into: firstly, how educational institutions can create supportive, collaborative learning cultures; secondly, how can reflective practice be encouraged throughout professional teaching careers; and finally, how can the challenges of peer-mentoring be minimised in attempting to encourage such endeavour among student teachers.

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Cedras, Riaan Brinley. „The diet and feeding of the pelagic goby, sufflogobius bibarbatus, off Namibia“. Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4393_1297410840.

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The general diet of Sufflogobius bibarbatus in the northern Benguela upwelling ecosystem was investigated from gut content analysis in two separate studies. The first study was conducted over two 48 h diel sampling stations onboard the RV Dr. Fridtjof Nansen during a dedicated cruise conducted in January 2006, whilst the second was conducted on cruises of opportunity aboard the RV Welwitschia during 2001 and 2002. The results of both studies indicate that S. bibarbatus has a fairly generalised diet, feeding on benthic and pelagic animals for the most part: phytoplankton was uncommonly reported from the 3739 fish examined. Larger fish ate primarily benthic organisms, whereas smaller individuals include substantial number of pelagic organisms in their diet. There would appear to be a clear relationship between the environment occupied by individuals and their diet: large fish are predominantly demersal and display limited vertical migration, whilst small fish are thought to be more pelagic. Results strongly indicate that this species is opportunistic. The present study sheds new light on the ecology of the species, which is becoming increasingly important in the region.

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Goldberg, Adrienne L. „The Seriously Ill Patient's Broken Care Continuum| One Community's Action Response“. Thesis, Capella University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10284174.

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The disconnect between what evidence-based research indicates is best care for the seriously ill patient and what is delivered is significant. Local communities are charged with addressing the impact of this breakdown in care for their residents. In a system initially designed to cure, medical care is focused now on slowing the progression of complex, chronic illnesses in an aging population. The opportunities for a breakdown in care are significant. This participant action research study explored factors contributing to the breakdown of care for the seriously ill in an isolated, medically under-served County in Northwestern U.S. The combined action research and appreciative inquiry approach in this study focused on what were the actionable interventions community stakeholders considered taking in supporting improvement in the care of the County’s population. Purposeful sampling of community providers identified 14 physicians, registered nurses and clinical social workers, who participated in semi-structured interviews. Data was analyzed through the theoretical lenses of general systems, complexity, and working whole systems theories. Issues related to trust, turf, and respect emerged as stakeholders minimized the role and effectiveness of others, and overemphasized both the capacity and burden of their agency or profession’s ability and responsibility to address the problem. Professional training and position in the medical hierarchy were linked to the perceptions of stakeholders across all work settings and need to be acknowledged in future collaborations across disciplines. County specific recommendations are included along with recommendations for additional research.

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Clarke, Dylan Thomas. „The relationship between sediment composition and infaunal polychaete communities along the southern coast of Namibia“. Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_8575_1253239169.

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This study examined the relationship between sediment structure and infaunal polychaete communities off the southern coast of Namibia from two separate sets of data, and a total of ninety-two samples. It also examined whether a selected group of organisms (polychaetes) could provide the same level of information regarding community structure, as the entire fauna, at a number of taxonomic resolutions.

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Hofer, Marilyn. „Elements that impact facilitation of an asynchronous professional learning community a participatory action research exploration /“. Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1939381521&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Makubalo, Mlungisi Patrick. „Perceptions on the factors influencing oral health seeking behaviour of communities in Randfontein, Gauteng, South Africa“. Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9978_1368178498.

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The negative effect of poor oral health on quality of life and financial implication of work days lost as a result of dental pain can be accepted as a rationale for inclusion of oral health in the primary health care (PHC) package for South Africa. The norms of the PHC package for oral health services are to expose at least 50% of primary schools to organized school preventive programmes and to ensure basic coverage of everybody in the catchment areas. Currently these norms are not adequately fulfilled in Randfontein. The purpose of this study was to gather information that can be used to improve oral health services in Randfontein. The aim of the study was to gain an understanding of the factors that influence the choice of oral health care seeking behaviour as perceived
by residents in different contexts and to use these perceptions to inform appropriate health planning strategies and implementation of measures that can improve health promotion in Randfontein. This qualitative study explored oral health care seeking behaviour. The study population comprised all residents of Randfontein above seventeen years old who had visited the oral health section in the Randfontein Primary Health Care (PHC) Facility. There were two focus group discussions (FGDs) from each of three separate residential areas namely Mohlakeng with
mainly black residents, Toekomsrus with mainly coloured race residents and from town which is a predominantly Caucasian race area. Data collected was analysed during the data collection stage and thereafter until they made sense to the researcher. To strengthen validity, the accuracy of the interpretation of what respondents said was confirmed with them. Analysed themes were
coded and categorized to enable the key researcher to interpret them for final reporting. Appropriate ethical procedures were followed. The findings were that although all focus groups preferred
allopathic oral health care seeking, various barriers existed. The study concluded that there should be adequate oral health education and promotion, effectivecommunication and an expansion of these services to Toekomsrus, where they do not exist. Perceptions on factors influencing oral health seeking by Randfontein residents

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Bleyer, Peter. „Cross-movement coalitions and political agency : the popular sector and the Pro-Canada/Action Canada network“. Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2001. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/58/.

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Through a historical account of the Pro-Canada/Action Canada Network (PCN/ACN), this dissertation examines coalition formation among social movements. It argues that the complex process of cross-sectoral coalition formation and thus the potential for convergence of social movements can best be understood by combining elements of different analytical frameworks. This dissertation draws on elements of the two dominant paradigms for the study of social movements, resource mobilization theory and new social movement theory. Specifically, it utilizes the formers' attention to the specifics of organization and structure and the latter's focus on the discursive formation of identities. Both are then combined with the uniquely Canadian but theoretically underdeveloped concept of the popular sector and a neo-gramscian perspective on social formation and mobilization that draws on political economy and class-analytical traditions. With its formation in 1988 around opposition to the Canada - U.S. Free Trade Agreement, the PCN/ACN was an early example of a broader trend for trade and investment to become key arenas for social and political contention at the turn of the century. This dissertation challenges the assumptions of most analytical frameworks concerning the limits to coalition formation and argues that the nature of the unifying issue is an important determinant of the potential for the growth and deepening of social alliances. After reviewing the historical conjuncture in which the PCN/ACN emerged, this dissertation traces the history of key sectors and member organizations - labour, women and ecumenical justice - paying specific attention to their approach to political engagement and the issue of free trade. As a result, it establishes the necessary background to understand both the initial basis for unity and the Network's progression beyond a lowest common denominator alliance around a single issue, to a broader mandate. This dissertation provides empirical evidence on which to judge the potential of social movements to displace other discourses and agencies on the left. Given the contemporary interest in the role of social movements, NGOs and civil society, this dissertation provides some essential signposts for two types of practitioners: academics seeking to understand outcomes and activists hoping to determine them.

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Batikas, Michail. „SME’s participation to Free Libre Open Source Software Communities“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/38704.

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Les motivacions entorn al programari lliure han estat sempre un tema de gran interès, sent la pregunta més obvia, "perquè les persones treballen de forma gratuïta?". Les motivacions dels desenvolupadors han estat establertes (per exemple, von Hippel (2001), Lerner and Tirole (2002)). De la mateixa manera que ho han estat per a les empreses grans i petites que adopten programari lliure basat en models de negoci (per exemple, Lakhani and von Hippel, 2003; Fitzgerald, 2006; Krishnamurthy, 2004). No obstant això, un nombre cada vegada més elevat de les PIMES amb estratègies que no estan directament relacionades amb aquest model de negoci estan contribuint a les comunitats de programari lliure. En aquest estudi s'investiga les motivacions d'aquestes empreses des d'un punt de vista de comportament mitjançant un model d'investigació basat en TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior). Hem demostrat que factors com la "obertura" d'una PIME, la importància percebuda del programari lliure, els desenvolupadors (empleats) d'una PIME, juntament amb l'ambient extern, podrien influir en la decisió d'una PIME a participar en comunitats de programari lliure. A més, hem demostrat que es poden identificar algunes diferències entre empreses d'alta base tecnològica i empreses amb poca base tecnològica. Aquestes conclusions poden ajudar governs nacionals o regionals per millorar el disseny de polítiques per tal d'incentivar l'ús i la participació de les empreses en les comunitats de programari lliure. Especialment ara, degut a la forta crisi econòmica que pateix Europa, el programari lliure pot ser una solució adequada per a fomentar la innovació.
Motivations in FLOSS have always been a subject of great interest, by starting with the most obvious question, “why people work for free?”. The motivations of developers have been well established (eg von Hippel (2001), Lerner and Tirole 2002). The same exists also for big and small companies adopting FLOSS based Business Models (eg Lakhani and von Hippel, 2003; Fitzgerald 2006; Krishnamurthy, 2004). However an increasing number of SMEs with strategies not directly related to the Business Model are contributing to FLOSS communities. In this study we try to investigate these motivations under a behavioral perspective by using a research model based on TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior). We demonstrated that factors like the “openness” of a SME, the perceived importance of FLOSS, the developers (employees) of a SME along with the external environment of a SME, could influence the decision of a SME to participate in FLOSS communities. Also, we have demonstrated that some differences can be identified between high tech firms and non high tech firms. These findings can help national or regional governments to design better policies in order to better promote the use and the participation of firms to FLOSS communities. Especially now, in times of heavy economical crisis in Europe, FLOSS can be an adequate solution to foster innovation.

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Wight, Robert. „Community Supported Agriculture as Public Education: Networked Communities of Practice Building Alternative Agrifood Systems“. University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1427798047.

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Sigonyela, Vuyolwethu. „Towards understanding the groundwater dependent ecosystems within the Table Mountain Group Aquifer: a conceptual approach“. Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9454_1183462560.

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Understanding of Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems (GDEs) and their extent within the Table Mountain Group (TMG) aquifer is poor. To understand the dependence to basic ecological and hydrogeological concepts need explanation. The use of current literature aided in identification and classification. From the literature it has come clear that groundwater dependence centers around two issues, water source and water use determination. The use of Geographical Information System (GIS) showed its potential in proof of water sources. Rainfall data and a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for the Uniondale area have been used to do watershed delineation, which is in line with locating GDEs on a landscape. Thus the conceptual approach should be a broad one that sets a basis for both investigation (scientific research) and institutional arrangements (management).

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Dissertationen zum Thema „Active communities“

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