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Thematische Bibliographien / Active communities / Zeitschriftenartikel

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Active communities“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 4. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 9. Februar 2022

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1

Johnson, Chip, und Justin B. Moore. „Active Communities, Active Economies“. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice 22, Nr. 3 (2016): 219–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/phh.0000000000000361.

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Sorocan, Tatiana, und Cristina Putuntica. „Empowering communities through active ageing“. International Journal of Integrated Care 19, Nr. 4 (08.08.2019): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ijic.s3329.

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Irwin, K., M. Goyne und D. OConnor. „144 Baw Baw Active Communities“. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 8 (Dezember 2005): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1440-2440(17)30639-4.

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Flores, George R. „Active Living in Latino Communities“. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 34, Nr. 4 (April 2008): 369–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.01.015.

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Kumanyika, Shiriki. „Physically Active Individuals in Sedentary Communities“. Journal of Health Education 30, sup2 (April 1999): S4—S5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10556699.1999.10603430.

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Lavizzo-Mourey, Risa, und J. Michael McGinnis. „Making the Case for Active Living Communities“. American Journal of Public Health 93, Nr. 9 (September 2003): 1386–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.93.9.1386.

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Fullilove, Mindy, Chanam Lee und James F. Sallis. „Engaging Communities to Create Active Living Environments“. Journal of Physical Activity and Health 8, s1 (Januar 2011): S1—S4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.8.s1.s1.

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Del Barrio Truchado, Elena, Sara Marsillas Rascado und Mayte Sancho Castiello. „Del envejecimiento activo a la ciudadanía activa: el papel de la amigabilidad / From active ageing to active citizenship: the role of friendliness“. Aula Abierta 47, Nr. 1 (31.01.2018): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/rifie.47.1.2018.37-44.

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RESUMENEl concepto envejecimiento activo apareció por primera vez en 1999 recogiendo la tradición científica del paradigma positivo del envejecimiento. Este unifica las nociones de participación, salud, independencia y buen envejecer, siendo la participación el componente central. Este paradigma fue asumido como la gran respuesta política al envejecimiento demográfico tratando de cambiar el concepto tradicional de vejez, dotando a las personas mayores de nuevos roles. La iniciativa “Age-Friendly Cities and Communities” lanzada por la OMS en 2005 se planteó con el objetivo de llevar a la práctica en lo local este paradigma. Su finalidad última es promover un movimiento de participación ciudadana protagonizado por las personas mayores como generadoras de bienestar, traspasando las barreras del envejecimiento activo hacia un concepto más amplio de ciudadanía. Además, es necesario que se adapte a la época actual en la que las nuevas generaciones reclaman un espacio donde poder desarrollarse y contribuir en procesos con grupos y comunidades con las que se identifican, independientemente de su edad. La revolución de la longevidad plantea retos, que podemos y debemos aprovechar para construir una sociedad mejor, más igualitaria y capaz de reconocer el valor de cada persona con independencia de su edad y condición social, cultural o racial.Palabras Clave: Envejecimiento activo, ciudades amigables, participación, personas mayores, ciudadanía.ABSTRACTThe concept of active ageing first appeared in 1999, including the scientific tradition of the positive paradigm of ageing. Active ageing unifies the notions of health, independence, good aging and participation, being this last one the central component. This paradigm was assumed as a broad political response to demographic ageing, which tries to change the traditional concept of old age, providing older people with new roles. The initiative “Age-Friendly Cities and Communities”, launched by the WHO in 2005, was raised with the aim of applying this paradigm into practice at the local level. Its purpose is to promote a movement of citizen participation where older people have the leading role as generators of well-being, transcending the barriers of active aging towards a broader concept of citizenship. Additionally, it should be adapted to the current era in which the new generations demand a space where they can develop and contribute to processes with groups and communities which they are identified with, regardless of their age. The revolution of longevity poses challenges, which we can and must take advantage of in order to build a better, more egalitarian society and able to recognise the value of each person regardless of their age and social, cultural or racial condition.Keywords: Active ageing, friendly cities, participation, older people, citizenship.

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Sallis, James F., Robert B. Cervero, William Ascher, Karla A. Henderson, M. Katherine Kraft und Jacqueline Kerr. „AN ECOLOGICAL APPROACH TO CREATING ACTIVE LIVING COMMUNITIES“. Annual Review of Public Health 27, Nr. 1 (April 2006): 297–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102100.

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DiGregorio, Barry E. „Samples of Airborne Microbes, Active Communities or Not?“ Microbe Magazine 8, Nr. 6 (01.06.2013): 234–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/microbe.8.234.1.

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Barratt, Monica J., und Alexia Maddox. „Active engagement with stigmatised communities through digital ethnography“. Qualitative Research 16, Nr. 6 (01.08.2016): 701–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468794116648766.

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Conducting research in the rapidly evolving fields constituting the digital social sciences raises challenging ethical and technical issues, especially when the subject matter includes activities of stigmatised populations. Our study of a dark-web drug-use community provides a case example of ‘how to’ conduct studies in digital environments where sensitive and illicit activities are discussed. In this paper we present the workflow from our digital ethnography and consider the consequences of particular choices of action upon knowledge production. Key considerations that our workflow responded to include adapting to volatile field-sites, researcher safety in digital environments, data security and encryption, and ethical-legal challenges. We anticipate that this workflow may assist other researchers to emulate, test and adapt our approach to the diverse range of illicit studies online. In this paper we argue that active engagement with stigmatised communities through multi-sited digital ethnography can complement and augment the findings of digital trace analyses.

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Angel, Roey, Zohar Pasternak, M. Ines M. Soares, Ralf Conrad und Osnat Gillor. „Active and total prokaryotic communities in dryland soils“. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 86, Nr. 1 (26.06.2013): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1574-6941.12155.

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Liang, Ruoyu, Linghao Zhang und Wei Guo. „Investigating active users’ sustained participation in brand communities“. Kybernetes 48, Nr. 10 (04.11.2019): 2353–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-08-2018-0439.

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Purpose Members’ sustained participation positively influences success of brand community. Although scholars have confirmed the effects of social capital on continuance intention in third-party hosted communities, little work has been done to explore these relationships in context of enterprise-sponsored brand communities, especially, the precursors of active members’ sustained participation in such context is still unclear. Besides, how to recognize active users with high precision and coverage remains an open question. Therefore, this paper aims to propose a novel method to identify active users effectively and investigate the antecedents of their continuance intention from perspective of social capital in enterprise-sponsored brand community. Design/methodology/approach This work established several social networks based on the information of Xiaomi smartphone forum users’ posts and feedbacks. Node centrality (out-degree) analysis was adopted to identify the users with high degree of active in these networks, and then behaviour analysis was performed to exclude the community managers from the group of active users. Finally, a research model was proposed based on the theory of social capital. It was tested by applying partial least squares technique, and the data were collected from a survey of members (n = 327) of Xiaomi forum. Findings The empirical results showed that the proposed method can recognize the active users effectively. Additionally, social tie, identification, trust and shared vision were proved to be significant predictors of active users’ continuance intention in the context of enterprise-sponsored brand community. Originality/value This paper contributes to the information system usage literature and provides opinions regarding how social capital influence active users’ sustained participation in enterprise-sponsored brand community. Besides, this work proposed a novel method to identify active users, which will be useful to assist enterprises to improve their community management.

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Vennik, Femke D., Samantha A. Adams und Kim Putters. „Scripting the active patient in online health communities“. Journal of Assistive Technologies 9, Nr. 2 (15.06.2015): 86–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jat-10-2014-0023.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to improve the general operationalization of an “active patient,” by examining the specific activities and skills expected of active patients. Design/methodology/approach – Expected activities and necessary skills were studied through a qualitative case study into the development and use of an assistive technology (i.e. web site) aimed at stimulating active patient-ship. Interviews, observations and document analysis were used to capture and explore designers’ inscribing practices and their consequences regarding expected competences and activities of patients using the web site. Findings – Designers inscribed two “co-design roles” that active patients were expected to perform on the web site (co-designing their own healthcare and co-designing the healthcare of peers), for which at least eight different competencies were needed. The absence of skills or facilities to apply these skills resulted in incomplete use, a different use than intended by designers and non-use of the web site. Practical implications – Technological choices and inscribing processes determine who is able or facilitated to become active and who is not. Due to inscribed co-design roles, it also influences the extent to which already active peers are able to perform health-related activities. Different users with different conditions should be taken into account in the design as specific group characteristics can influence level of individual activity. Originality/value – This study is, as far as the authors know, the first that examines the “active patient” concept by studying an assistive technology and using scripting literature, resulting in an improved understanding of what it means to become “active” in terms of skills and activities.

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Floyd, Myron F., Carlos J. Crespo und James F. Sallis. „Active Living Research in Diverse and Disadvantaged Communities“. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 34, Nr. 4 (April 2008): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.01.014.

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Perry, Cynthia K., Corey Nagel, Linda K. Ko, Catherine Duggan, Sandra Linde, Edgar A. Rodriguez und Beti Thompson. „Active living environment assessments in four rural Latino communities“. Preventive Medicine Reports 2 (2015): 818–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.09.001.

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Clark, Kim, Heidi Goedhart und Andrea Olson. „Move Utah - Planning for Active, Healthy, and Connected Communities“. Journal of Transport & Health 9 (Juni 2018): S8—S9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2018.05.059.

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Smith, EM, und PA del Giorgio. „Low fractions of active bacteria in natural aquatic communities?“ Aquatic Microbial Ecology 31 (2003): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ame031203.

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Akob, Denise M., Heath J. Mills und Joel E. Kostka. „Metabolically active microbial communities in uranium-contaminated subsurface sediments“. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 59, Nr. 1 (Januar 2007): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2006.00203.x.

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Baker, Brett J., Michelle A. Lutz, Scott C. Dawson, Philip L. Bond und Jillian F. Banfield. „Metabolically Active Eukaryotic Communities in Extremely Acidic Mine Drainage“. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2004): 6264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.10.6264-6271.2004.

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ABSTRACT Acid mine drainage (AMD) microbial communities contain microbial eukaryotes (both fungi and protists) that confer a biofilm structure and impact the abundance of bacteria and archaea and the community composition via grazing and other mechanisms. Since prokaryotes impact iron oxidation rates and thus regulate AMD generation rates, it is important to analyze the fungal and protistan populations. We utilized 18S rRNA and beta-tubulin gene phylogenies and fluorescent rRNA-specific probes to characterize the eukaryotic diversity and distribution in extremely acidic (pHs 0.8 to 1.38), warm (30 to 50°C), metal-rich (up to 269 mM Fe2+, 16.8 mM Zn, 8.5 mM As, and 4.1 mM Cu) AMD solutions from the Richmond Mine at Iron Mountain, Calif. A Rhodophyta (red algae) lineage and organisms from the Vahlkampfiidae family were identified. The fungal 18S rRNA and tubulin gene sequences formed two distinct phylogenetic groups associated with the classes Dothideomycetes and Eurotiomycetes. Three fungal isolates that were closely related to the Dothideomycetes clones were obtained. We suggest the name “Acidomyces richmondensis” for these isolates. Since these ascomycete fungi were morphologically indistinguishable, rRNA-specific oligonucleotide probes were designed to target the Dothideomycetes and Eurotiomycetes via fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). FISH analyses indicated that Eurotiomycetes are generally more abundant than Dothideomycetes in all of the seven locations studied within the Richmond Mine system. This is the first study to combine the culture-independent detection of fungi with in situ detection and a demonstration of activity in an acidic environment. The results expand our understanding of the subsurface AMD microbial community structure.

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Blackwell, Angela Glover. „Active Living Research and the Movement for Healthy Communities“. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 36, Nr. 2 (Februar 2009): S50—S52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.10.004.

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ПОЛЫНСКИЙ, Анатолий, und Anatoliy POLYANSKIY. „THE MAIN DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIONS OF ACTIVE RECREATION AND ACTIVE TOURISM IN OMSK REGION“. Service & Tourism: Current Challenges 11, Nr. 3 (04.09.2017): 120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22412/1995-0411-2017-11-3-120-129.

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The article deals with the development of active recreation and active tourism in Omsk region. The relevance of this direction is due to the growing interest in the types of recreation able to promote the rapid and effective recovery of a person. The article considers the meaning of the notions “active vacation” and “active tourism”, and points out the prevalence of substituting them. It occurs because this types of recreation are similar to other active types of human activity. The article considers the most popular directions and programs at the city and regional levels. The author notes that elements of active recreation and tourism, one way or another, are offered by many entities of the tourism sphere in the region. The regional infrastructure of active recreation and tourism includes several dozens of organizations, various communities, hobby clubs providing these services or uniting likminded people. The article defines the number of development trends in active recreation and tourism. Among them are the following: the expansion of a number of organizations of their activities from narrowly professional areas to the provision of services to a wide range of people; implementation at the regional level of programs aimed at the introduction of active forms of familiarization with the historical and cultural heritage of the native city; increasing the role in the development of active recreation and tourism of various communities, hobby clubs (automobile, bicycle, tourist), often acting as organizers and co-organizers of various social events; the outgrowth of communities and clubs of active recreation and tourism in the campaign engaged in the development and implementation of active tours.

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Piskokha, Nataliia. „Electronic communities in e-government system“. Public administration aspects 8, Nr. 1 SI (05.07.2020): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/152054.

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The deepening digital transformation of society and the resulting changes in the organization of power have a significant impact on the process of creating electronic communities. One of the current trends is the active introduction of elements of the e-government system in the work of local governments. This is more active in cities, but has recently become more widespread in united territorial communities (UTGs). The purpose of the study is to systematize the problematic issues that arise during the creation and operation of electronic communities. The materials of the research "Electronic readiness of OTG of Dnipropetrovsk region" in the framework of preparation of the program "Electronic Dnipropetrovsk region for 2020-2023" are used.

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Alaimo, Katherine, Ellen M. Bassett, Risa Wilkerson, Karen Petersmarck, Jennifer Mosack, David Mendez, Chris Coutts, Lisa Grost und Lori Stegmier. „The Promoting Active Communities Program: Improvement of Michigan’s Self-Assessment Tool“. Journal of Physical Activity and Health 5, Nr. 1 (Januar 2008): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.5.1.4.

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Background:This project updated and improved the Promoting Active Communities Program (PAC), a Web-based assessment that enables communities to scrutinize their programs, policies, and environments related to physical activity, generating ideas and community commitment for improvements.Methods:A literature review, focus groups, and expert review guided PAC improvements.Results:Over 150 articles and audit measures in the fields of transportation, public health, and urban planning were reviewed. Indicators were identified, categorized, and evaluated for use in the PAC. Focus-group participants communicated motivations, processes, and obstacles for completing the PAC and developing an action plan. Participants requested technical information to guide them in achieving active-living environments.Conclusions:Information gathered was used to improve the PAC Web site. A technical assistance document, Design Guidelines for Active Michigan Communities, was created to aid communities in creating active-living environments. The new PAC and Design Guidelines are available for public use at www.mihealthtools.org/communities.

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Ko, Pei-Chun, und Wei-Jun Jean Yeung. „An Ecological Framework for Active Aging in China“. Journal of Aging and Health 30, Nr. 10 (30.08.2018): 1642–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264318795564.

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Objectives: Against the background of emerging research interest in integrating Active Aging in long-term care policies, the study investigates the relationships between community environment and engagement in social activities (paid work, domestic care, participation in community and leisure activities) by older Chinese adults. Six indicators are derived from the economic, institutional, and sociodemographic environments of the communities under analysis. Method: The first wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) is used for empirical examinations. The sample includes respondents aged 50 years and above ( n = 6,290) from 307 communities. Random-intercept multilevel logistic models are employed. Results: Economic environment is positively linked to engagement in paid work and grandparental childcare, community activities, and leisure activities. However, the effects decreased after including the indicators for the institutional and sociodemographic environments. We found that older adults are more likely to engage in community activities and leisure activities in communities and with a higher percentage of migrant population. Discussion: To integrate Active Aging in the current long-term care policies in China, the study points out that residential community environment is crucial for older Chinese to enhance and sustain their involvement in family and communities before older adults rely on long-term care facilities. In particular, the relevance of institutional and sociodemographic environment provides policy makers to rethink about how to provide community-based long-term care.

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Womack, A. M., P. E. Artaxo, F. Y. Ishida, R. C. Mueller, S. R. Saleska, K. T. Wiedemann, B. J. M. Bohannan und J. L. Green. „Characterization of active and total fungal communities in the atmosphere over the Amazon rainforest“. Biogeosciences 12, Nr. 21 (06.11.2015): 6337–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6337-2015.

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Abstract. Fungi are ubiquitous in the atmosphere and may play an important role in atmospheric processes. We investigated the composition and diversity of fungal communities over the Amazon rainforest canopy and compared these communities to fungal communities found in terrestrial environments. We characterized the total fungal community and the metabolically active portion of the community using high-throughput DNA and RNA sequencing and compared these data to predictions generated by a mass-balance model. We found that the total community was primarily comprised of fungi from the phylum Basidiomycota. In contrast, the active community was primarily composed of members of the phylum Ascomycota and included a high relative abundance of lichen fungi, which were not detected in the total community. The relative abundance of Basidiomycota and Ascomycota in the total and active communities was consistent with our model predictions, suggesting that this result was driven by the relative size and number of spores produced by these groups. When compared to other environments, fungal communities in the atmosphere were most similar to communities found in tropical soils and leaf surfaces. Our results demonstrate that there are significant differences in the composition of the total and active fungal communities in the atmosphere, and that lichen fungi, which have been shown to be efficient ice nucleators, may be abundant members of active atmospheric fungal communities over the forest canopy.

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Paoletti, Isabella. „Active Aging and Inclusive Communities: Inter-Institutional Intervention in Portugal“. Ageing International 40, Nr. 2 (14.12.2014): 165–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12126-014-9216-9.

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Whitley, Rob, Maxine Harris, Roger D. Fallot und Rebecca Wolfson Berley. „The active ingredients of intentional recovery communities: Focus group evaluation“. Journal of Mental Health 17, Nr. 2 (Januar 2008): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638230701498424.

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Sallis, James F., Chad Spoon, Nick Cavill, Jessa Engelberg, Klaus Gebel, Debbie Lou, Mike Parker et al. „Evidence Of Co-benefits Of Designing Communities For Active Living“. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 47 (Mai 2015): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000477505.22275.ad.

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Sørensen, Ketil B., und Andreas Teske. „Stratified Communities of Active Archaea in Deep Marine Subsurface Sediments“. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, Nr. 7 (Juli 2006): 4596–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00562-06.

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ABSTRACT Archaeal 16S rRNA was extracted from samples of deep marine subsurface sediments from Peru Margin site 1227, Ocean Drilling Program leg 201. The amounts of archaeal 16S rRNA in each extract were quantified by serial dilution and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. The results indicated a 1,000-fold variation in rRNA content with depth in the sediment, with the highest concentrations found near the sediment surface and in the sulfate-methane transition zone (SMTZ). The phylogenetic composition of the active archaeal population revealed by cloning and sequencing of RT-PCR products changed with depth. Several phylotypes affiliated with marine benthic group B (MBGB) dominated clone libraries from the upper part of the SMTZ and were detected only in this layer. Members of the miscellaneous crenarchaeotal group (MCG) dominated clone libraries from the other layers. These results demonstrate that archaeal communities change in activity and community composition over short distances in geochemically distinct zones of deep subseafloor sediments and that these changes are traceable in the rRNA pool. It was shown for the first time that members of both the MCG and MBGB Archaea are more active in the SMTZ than in layers above and below. This indicates that they benefit either directly or indirectly from the anaerobic oxidation of methane. They also appear to be ecophysiologically flexible, as they have been retrieved from a wide range of marine sediments of various geochemical properties.

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Amato, Pierre, Muriel Joly, Ludovic Besaury, Anne Oudart, Najwa Taib, Anne I. Moné, Laurent Deguillaume, Anne-Marie Delort und Didier Debroas. „Active microorganisms thrive among extremely diverse communities in cloud water“. PLOS ONE 12, Nr. 8 (08.08.2017): e0182869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182869.

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Gornish, Elise S., Michael S. Lennox, David Lewis, Kenneth W. Tate und Randall D. Jackson. „Comparing herbaceous plant communities in active and passive riparian restoration“. PLOS ONE 12, Nr. 4 (27.04.2017): e0176338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176338.

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Moodie, Marjory L., Robert C. Carter, Boyd A. Swinburn und Michelle M. Haby. „The Cost-effectiveness of Australia's Active After-school Communities Program“. Obesity 18, Nr. 8 (August 2010): 1585–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/oby.2009.401.

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Tanulku, Basak. „Gated communities: From “Self-Sufficient Towns” to “Active Urban Agents”“. Geoforum 43, Nr. 3 (Mai 2012): 518–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2011.11.006.

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Wakeling, Simon, Valerie Spezi, Jenny Fry, Claire Creaser, Stephen Pinfield und Peter Willett. „Academic communities“. Journal of Documentation 75, Nr. 1 (14.01.2019): 120–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-05-2018-0067.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into publication practices from the perspective of academics working within four disciplinary communities: biosciences, astronomy/physics, education and history. The paper explores the ways in which these multiple overlapping communities intersect with the journal landscape and the implications for the adoption and use of new players in the scholarly communication system, particularly open-access mega-journals (OAMJs). OAMJs (e.g. PLOS ONE and Scientific Reports) are large, broad scope, open-access journals that base editorial decisions solely on the technical/scientific soundness of the article. Design/methodology/approach Focus groups with active researchers in these fields were held in five UK Higher Education Institutions across Great Britain, and were complemented by interviews with pro-vice-chancellors for research at each institution. Findings A strong finding to emerge from the data is the notion of researchers belonging to multiple overlapping communities, with some inherent tensions in meeting the requirements for these different audiences. Researcher perceptions of evaluation mechanisms were found to play a major role in attitudes towards OAMJs, and interviews with the pro-vice-chancellors for research indicate that there is a difference between researchers’ perceptions and the values embedded in institutional frameworks. Originality/value This is the first purely qualitative study relating to researcher perspectives on OAMJs. The findings of the paper will be of interest to publishers, policy-makers, research managers and academics.

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Womack, A. M., P. E. Artaxo, F. Y. Ishida, R. C. Mueller, S. R. Saleska, K. T. Wiedemann, B. J. M. Bohannan und J. L. Green. „Characterization of active and total fungal communities in the atmosphere over the Amazon rainforest“. Biogeosciences Discussions 12, Nr. 10 (18.05.2015): 7177–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-7177-2015.

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Abstract. Fungi are ubiquitous in the atmosphere and may play an important role in atmospheric processes. We investigated the composition and diversity of fungal communities over the Amazon rainforest canopy and compared these communities to fungal communities found in terrestrial environments. We characterized the total fungal community and the metabolically active portion of the community using high-throughout DNA and RNA sequencing and compared these data to predictions generated by a mass-balance model. We found that the total community was primarily comprised of fungi from the phylum Basidiomycota. In contrast, the active community was primarily composed of members of the phylum Ascomycota and included a high relative abundance of lichen fungi, which were not detected in the total community. The relative abundance of Basidiomycota and Ascomycota in the total and active communities was consistent with our model predictions, suggesting that this result was driven by the relative size and number of spores produced by these groups. When compared to other environments, fungal communities in the atmosphere were most similar to communities found in tropical soils and leaf surfaces, suggesting that inputs of fungi to the atmosphere are from local, rather than distant, sources. Our results demonstrate that there are significant differences in the composition of the total and active fungal communities in the atmosphere, and that lichen fungi, which have been shown to be efficient ice nucleators, may be abundant members of active atmospheric fungal communities over the forest canopy.

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Belanche, Daniel, Luis V. Casaló, Carlos Flavián und Miguel Guinalíu. „Reciprocity and commitment in online travel communities“. Industrial Management & Data Systems 119, Nr. 2 (11.03.2019): 397–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-03-2018-0098.

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PurposeWith social exchange theory as a basis, the purpose of this paper is to seek a better understanding of advice processes in online travel communities, which offer crucial advice for travelers’ decisions. It also predicts that relational capital variables (commitment, reciprocity perceptions) moderate the main relationships.Design/methodology/approachData from a web survey of 456 users of online travel communities affirm the scale’s validity and provide the input for structural equation modeling and multisample analyses of the hypotheses.FindingsHigher levels of commitment reinforce the effect of following past advice on passive and active participation intentions. Users’ perceptions of reciprocity in the community strengthen the influence of following past advice on active participation. However, a high level of reciprocity causes users following past advice to reduce their intentions to continue following that advice.Practical implicationsManagement tactics should specify active and passive participation in online travel communities. Specifically, to encourage the creation of high-quality new content, community managers should create interactive environments marked by high levels of reciprocity and commitment.Originality/valueThis research elucidates the role of relational capital variables in advice processes and advances understanding of online travel communities.

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Голубчиков, Юрий, und YUriy Golubchikov. „LOCAL LORE GROUNDS FOR ACTIVE TOURISM“. Service & Tourism: Current Challenges 11, Nr. 3 (04.09.2017): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22412/1995-0411-2017-11-3-42-50.

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The article considers the history of the domestic local lore in the Soviet period from of the “small geography” to the history of party building in a specific area (region) or the city. As a result, the scientific world regarded the local lore studies not as the fundamental knowledge, but as educational or monuments protection activities. Internet and mass tourism development engaged general public at the the process of geographical knowledge. Networked communities are replacing the territorial communities, and local lore is becoming a networked. The active tourism practices mix training with fun, adventure and search activities. It is assumed that the search for knowledge and understanding through active tourism will be the dominant theme of the education of the future. Ideology of local history lies in conservatism and catastrophism. The technosphere complication occurs with simplifying its diversity and growth of risk of a catastrophic outcome. In other words, all of the obsolete, outgoing and unnecessary in a critical mode may be the most necessary.

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Nawaz, Ali, Witoon Purahong, Martina Herrmann, Kirsten Küsel, François Buscot und Tesfaye Wubet. „DNA- and RNA- Derived Fungal Communities in Subsurface Aquifers Only Partly Overlap but React Similarly to Environmental Factors“. Microorganisms 7, Nr. 9 (11.09.2019): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090341.

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Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies have revolutionized our understanding of microbial diversity and composition in relation to their environment. HTS-based characterization of metabolically active (RNA-derived) and total (DNA-derived) fungal communities in different terrestrial habitats has revealed profound differences in both richness and community compositions. However, such DNA- and RNA-based HTS comparisons are widely missing for fungal communities of groundwater aquifers in the terrestrial biogeosphere. Therefore, in this study, we extracted DNA and RNA from groundwater samples of two pristine aquifers in the Hainich CZE and employed paired-end Illumina sequencing of the fungal nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region to comprehensively test difference/similarities in the “total” and “active” fungal communities. We found no significant differences in the species richness between the DNA- and RNA-derived fungal communities, but the relative abundances of various fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) appeared to differ. We also found the same set of environmental parameters to shape the “total” and “active” fungal communities in the targeted aquifers. Furthermore, our comparison also underlined that about 30%–40% of the fungal OTUs were only detected in RNA-derived communities. This implies that the active fungal communities analyzed by HTS methods in the subsurface aquifers are actually not a subset of supposedly total fungal communities. In general, our study highlights the importance of differentiating the potential (DNA-derived) and expressed (RNA-derived) members of the fungal communities in aquatic ecosystems.

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Kalugila, Dr Shubira L., und Winnie F. Tesha. „ARCHITECTURAL CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS ACTIVE AGEING: A case of Dar es Salaam Tanzania“. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 5, Nr. 4 (23.04.2018): 4604–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsshi/v5i4.10.

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Wants and needs change overtime as people age. At old age, options are reduced and elderly are going through a lot of changes in this stage of their life and tend to suffer from depression and feeling of isolation. Most elderly people feel detached with their communities but only wish to be part of it. Putting them in an environment that feels like an institution would aggravate their depression and may lead to other problems. The purpose of this study was to explore architectural approaches in creation of age-friendly supportive environment so as to maintain them in their communities. The research used case study method in the area of Mwananyamala settlement and Msimbazi elderly centre. It was found that caring of elderly people is mainly understood in terms of responsibilities of families and the community. That it is difficult to separate elderly care without including families and communities. Also, preferential core spaces needed by elderly are those that incorporate them in communities and not those that separate them with their communities. It was concluded that elders should be allowed to interact with everyone in the community and consideration of their spaces is essential.

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Paul, Justin, und Archana Shrivastava. „Comparing entrepreneurial communities“. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 9, Nr. 3 (10.08.2015): 206–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-06-2013-0018.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare entrepreneurial attributes of MBA students, the next generation business people, from two important Asian countries, India from South Asia and Japan from East Asia (India, being an emerging country and Japan, a developed country). Design/methodology/approach – Survey responses from MBA students in India and Japan were measured on an entrepreneurial personality index. Bateman and Crant’s scale consisting of 17 traits is used to identify if entrepreneurial traits are a learned cultural behaviour or intrinsic personality factors. Findings – Although the findings indicate that India has benefitted from entrepreneurship in the information technology and information technology-enabled service ventures during the past two decades, the country still has a long way to go when compared to developed countries like Japan, where entrepreneurship is widespread. Research limitations/implications – The results are based on a single survey, using cross-sectional data. Originality/value – The level of entrepreneurship differs considerably across countries and periods. The authors put forward a theoretical framework to denote the linkage between entrepreneurial attitude, pro-active personality and culture, besides highlighting the three pillars of entrepreneurship.

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Lowe, Ben, und Devon Johnson. „Diagnostic and prescriptive benefits of consumer participation in virtual communities of personal challenge“. European Journal of Marketing 51, Nr. 11/12 (14.11.2017): 1817–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-05-2016-0271.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show how active participants within personal challenge virtual communities (e.g. virtual health communities, online legal forums, etc.) derive learning benefits from their involvement within the community. In doing so, the research conceptualises and tests a model of engagement within such virtual communities. Design/methodology/approach This research was conducted through the design of a survey administered to an online panel of active participants from several virtual health communities. Structural equation modelling was used to test the conceptual model. Findings Along with well-researched concepts such as social identification, this research identifies diagnostic and prescriptive benefits as key learning benefits associated with active participation within personal challenge communities. These benefits drive social support which individuals attain from these virtual communities, which, in turn, drives engagement within the community. It is also found that anticipated negative emotions from leaving the community mediate social support and engagement. Originality/value This is one of the first studies to develop a model of consumer engagement with personal challenge virtual communities. The findings make a contribution to the field of online communities by showing how learning benefits (diagnostic and prescriptive) transpire within these communities and how these benefits lead to greater community engagement.

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Skinner, Mark, Rachel Winterton und Kieran Walsh. „PRODUCTIVE AND ACTIVE RURAL AGING: TOWARD CRITICAL PERSPECTIVES“. Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.061.

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Abstract Despite global trends in rural population ageing, relatively little attention within research and policy has been directed to understanding what it means for rural people, communities and institutions to be at the forefront of twenty-first century demographic change. To build understanding of rural ageing, this symposium draws together papers from four countries to provide insights in the gaps in rural ageing research – specifically the in context of productive and active rural ageing by examining rural work, retirement and volunteering through the critical perspectives of citizenship, contestation and complexity. Winterton and Warburton will explore how active citizenship trends among rural older adults support or hinder the capacity of rural settings to support health ageing. Colibaba and Skinner will discuss the contestation of rural ageing by examining a volunteer-based rural library and the emergent ‘contested spaces of older voluntarism’ whereby older volunteer negotiate their rights and responsibilities associated with ageing and volunteering in rural communities. Duvvury and Ni Leime will examine the interactions between the twin phenomena of feminisation of agriculture and the feminisation of ageing in the consequent implications for rural women’s work and retirement. Skinner and Joseph offer a critical perspective on voluntarism in ageing rural communities by examining volunteer leadership biographies as another means of understanding the contribution of older rural adults.

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Ilina, Mariia. „CLASSIFICATION OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES ON THE BASIS OF ACTIVE-ORIENTED APPROACH“. Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development, Nr. 1-2(20-21) (2018): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37100/2616-7689/2018/1-2(21-22)/10.

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In the article role of active-oriented approach to the development of territorial communities is considered. Key features of the territorial assets and their distinctions from capitals and resources are described. Conceptual model of the development of a territorial program is proposed. In framework of its certain phases and tasks the methodological approach to inventory and mapping of the assets is presented. By indicators characterizing availability and possibilities to use the assets, the classification of territorial communities is justified in order to identify the priorities of their development.

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Samuels, Sarah E., Lisa Craypo, Maria Boyle, Patricia B. Crawford, Antronette Yancey und George Flores. „The California Endowment's Healthy Eating, Active Communities Program: A Midpoint Review“. American Journal of Public Health 100, Nr. 11 (November 2010): 2114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2010.192781.

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Park, Kyoung-Ok. „Establishment of the Social Environment to Active Communities in Apartment Housing“. Journal of the Korean housing association 21, Nr. 1 (25.02.2010): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.6107/jkha.2010.21.1.141.

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Casey, M., R. Eime und W. Payne. „317 Physically active Koori communities: the results of a partnership approach“. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 8 (Dezember 2005): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1440-2440(17)30814-9.

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Harlan, Eleni, und Adrian Barritt. „A30 Encouraging active travel to tackle health deprivation in Thurrock communities“. Journal of Transport & Health 2, Nr. 2 (Juni 2015): S20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2015.04.518.

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O’Brien, M., und J. Davies. „Creating active communities—The experience of 100 local governments in WA“. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 12 (Januar 2010): e59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.122.

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Zang, Xiangyun, Meiting Liu, Han Wang, Yihong Fan, Haichang Zhang, Jiawen Liu, Enlu Xing, Xiuhong Xu und Hongtao Li. „The distribution of active β-glucosidase-producing microbial communities in composting“. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 63, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2017): 998–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2017-0368.

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The composting ecosystem is a suitable source for the discovery of novel microorganisms and secondary metabolites. Cellulose degradation is an important part of the global carbon cycle, and β-glucosidases complete the final step of cellulose hydrolysis by converting cellobiose to glucose. This work analyzes the succession of β-glucosidase-producing microbial communities that persist throughout cattle manure – rice straw composting, and evaluates their metabolic activities and community advantage during the various phases of composting. Fungal and bacterial β-glucosidase genes belonging to glycoside hydrolase families 1 and 3 (GH1 and GH3) amplified from DNA were classified and gene abundance levels were analyzed. The major reservoirs of β-glucosidase genes were the fungal phylum Ascomycota and the bacterial phyla Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Deinococcus–Thermus. This indicates that a diverse microbial community utilizes cellobiose. The succession of dominant bacteria was also detected during composting. Firmicutes was the dominant bacteria in the thermophilic phase of composting; there was a shift to Actinomycetes in the maturing stage. Proteobacteria accounted for the highest proportions during the heating and thermophilic phases of composting. By contrast, the fungal phylum Ascomycota was a minor microbial community constituent in thermophilic phase of composting. Combined with the analysis of the temperature, cellulose degradation rate and the carboxymethyl cellulase and β-glucosidase activities showed that the bacterial GH1 family β-glucosidase genes make greater contribution in cellulose degradation at the later thermophilic stage of composting. In summary, even GH1 bacteria families β-glucosidase genes showing low abundance in DNA may be functionally important in the later thermophilic phase of composting. The results indicate that a complex community of bacteria and fungi expresses β-glucosidases in compost. Several β-glucosidase-producing bacteria and fungi identified in this study may represent potential indicators of composting in cellulose degradation.

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