Zeitschriftenartikel: „Adsorption optimization“

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Adewoye, LT, SI Mustapha, AG Adeniyi, JO Tijani, MA Amoloye und LJ Ayinde. „OPTIMIZATION OF NICKEL (II) AND CHROMIUM (III) REMOVAL FROM CONTAMINATED WATER USING SORGHUM BICOLOR“. Nigerian Journal of Technology 36, Nr. 3 (30.06.2017): 960–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.41.

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A central composite design (CCD) under the response surface methodology (RSM)was used to study the effect of three adsorption variables (pH, initial concentration, and adsorbent dosage) in order to determine the optimum process conditions for the adsorptions of Ni (II) and Cr (III) onto sulphuric acid modified sorghum bicolor activated carbon (SBAC).This study yielded removal efficiency of 98.89 % for Ni (II) and 94.27 % for Cr (III) ion under optimal conditions of pH (8), initial metal ion concentration (25 mg/L), adsorbent dosage (10 mg) and pH (7), initial metal ion concentration (5 mg/L), dosage (15 mg);respectively. Statistical analysis of variance results showed a good correlation existed between the experimental and predicted data with R2 values of 0.99 for Ni and 0.98 for Cr. The equilibrium data for Ni (II) adsorption was best described using Freundlich model while Langmuir model best fit Cr (III) adsorption. The mechanism of adsorption for both Ni and Cr adsorptions on SBAC followed Pseudo second order kinetic model.Â Â http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.41

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Gugushe, Aphiwe Siyasanga, Azile Nqombolo und Philiswa N. Nomngongo. „Application of Response Surface Methodology and Desirability Function in the Optimization of Adsorptive Remediation of Arsenic from Acid Mine Drainage Using Magnetic Nanocomposite: Equilibrium Studies and Application to Real Samples“. Molecules 24, Nr. 9 (09.05.2019): 1792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24091792.

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A magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotube/zeolite nanocomposite was applied for the adsorption and removal of arsenic ions in simulated and real acid mine drainage samples. The adsorption mechanism was investigated using two-parameter (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin) and three-parameter (Redlich–Peterson, and Sips) isotherm models. This was done in order to determine the characteristic parameters of the adsorptive removal process. The results showed that the removal process was described by both mono- and multilayer adsorptions. Adsorption studies demonstrated that a multi-walled carbon nanotube/zeolite nanocomposite could efficiently remove arsenic in simulated samples within 35 min. Based on the Langmuir isotherm, the adsorption capacity for arsenic was found to be 28 mg g−1. The nanocomposite was easily separated from the sample solution using an external magnet and the regeneration was achieved by washing the adsorbent with 0.05 mol L−1 hydrochloric acid solution. Moreover, the nanoadsorbent was reusable for at least 10 cycles of adsorption-desorption with no significant decrease in the adsorption capacity. The nanoadsorbent was also used for the arsenic removal from acid mine drainage. Overall, the adsorbent displayed excellent reusability and stability; thus, they are promising nanoadsorbents for the removal of arsenic from acid mine drainage.

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Aristov, Yuriy I., Ivan S. Glaznev und Ilya S. Girnik. „Optimization of adsorption dynamics in adsorptive chillers: Loose grains configuration“. Energy 46, Nr. 1 (Oktober 2012): 484–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.08.001.

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Sujatha, S., R. Sivarethinamohan, A. Oorkalan, V. Senthilkumar, B. Anuradha, B. Veluchamy, P. Prabhu, Magda H. Abdellattif und Abdulmohsen Khalaf Dhahi Alsukaibi. „Exclusion of Chromium(VI) Ion in Grueling Activated Carbon Fabricated from Manilkara zapota Tree Wood by Adsorption: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology“. Journal of Nanomaterials 2022 (23.04.2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8157815.

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The current paper makes obvious the elimination of chromium(VI) ion, from wastewater via adsorption technique with activated carbon generated from Manilkara zapota tree (MZTWAC). Preliminarily MZTWAC has undergone characterization studies which uncovered the suitability of MZTWAC to expel chromium(VI) from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption experimentation was premeditated with the competence of central composite design (CCD) and it was executed. Response surface methodology (RSM) was the key optimization software to appraise the adsorptive chattels of MZTWAC engaged in removing chromium(VI) ion in aqueous solution which explored the interactions flanked between four expounding variables explicitly initial concentration of chromium(VI) ion, pH of the solution, MZTWAC dose and time of exposure, and contact time. The response variable that was concentrated in the study was adsorption capacity. It was deduced a polynomial in quadratic equation was documented amid the adsorption capacity and variables influencing the adsorption with R 2 = 0.9792 which was projected as the best suit for the adsorption process. ANOVA that is expanded as analysis of variance judged the connotation of adsorption process variables. 0.2 g of MZTWAC dosage has removed 87.629% chromium(VI) from aqueous solution. The enhancement of adsorption process reclined on the attainment of maximum adsorption capacity which further depends on the optimization of variables under consideration. This criterion was accomplished by the desirability function optimizing the process variables.

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Jin, Xue Yuan, Hong Liu und San Fu Zhu. „Optimization for Purification Technology of Platycodins by Macroreticular Resin“. Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 852–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.852.

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In order to purify the platycodins from Platycodon grandiflorum, AB-8 macroporous resin was used to test. Based on single factor experiments, orthogonal test was used to optimum the purification conditions. Adsorption pH, adsorption temperature, adsorption time and platycodins concentration were as factors and adsorption capacity was as index. The results were as follows: adsorption pH 6.0, adsorption temperature 40°C, adsorption tim110min, platycodins concentration 2.0mg/mL were the optimization conditions.The adsorption quantity reached at 39.1mg/g. So AB-8 macroporous resin was a suitable resin for purify the platycodins from Platycodon grandiflorum.

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Mobed, M., und T. M. S. Chang. „Adsorption of chitin derivatives onto liposomes: Optimization of adsorption conditions“. Journal of Microencapsulation 15, Nr. 5 (Januar 1998): 595–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02652049809008243.

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Akulinin, E. I., A. A. Ishin, S. A. Skvortsov, D. S. Dvoretsky und S. I. Dvoretsky. „Optimization of Adsorption Processes with Cyclic Variable Pressure in Gas Mixture Separation“. Advanced Materials & Technologies, Nr. 3 (2017): 051–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17277/amt.2017.03.pp.051-060.

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Hassan, M. M., K. F. Loughlin und M. E. Biswas. „Optimization of continuous countercurrent adsorption systems“. Separations Technology 6, Nr. 1 (Februar 1996): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-9618(95)00137-9.

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Ko, Daeho, und Il Moon. „Multiobjective Optimization of Cyclic Adsorption Processes“. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 41, Nr. 1 (Januar 2002): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie010288g.

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Asanu, Mohammed, Dejene Beyene und Adisu Befekadu. „Removal of Hexavalent Chromium from Aqueous Solutions Using Natural Zeolite Coated with Magnetic Nanoparticles: Optimization, Kinetics, and Equilibrium Studies“. Adsorption Science & Technology 2022 (05.07.2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8625489.

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Stringent discharge limits, high costs, and low removal efficiency of the conventional treatment methods are facing challenges to handle industrial effluents containing heavy metals. The objective of this study was to use a recoverable magnetic zeolite to remove Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The study investigated the application of nanotechnology to improve surface properties, recoverability, and adsorptive capacity of natural zeolite and the CCD-RSM-based optimization of adsorption process variables. Natural zeolites coated with various fractions of magnetic nanoparticles (25%, 33.33%, 50%, and 75%) were investigated for surface characters, adsorption capacity, removal efficiency, and recoverability. Natural zeolite coated with 33.33% (MZ33) was found a better adsorbent in terms of surface characters, adsorption capacity, and removal efficiency. Thirty batch adsorption experiments designed with CCD were carried out in order to optimize adsorption process variables using response surface methodology (RSM). It was found that adsorbent dose = 2 g / L , contact time = 75 min , initial Cr VI concentration = 10 mg / L , and solution pH = 1.5 were the optimum conditions to achieve 93.57% Cr(VI) removal, which is very close to the experimental result of 94.88%. The adsorption isotherm determined from the operating parameters revealed that experimental data fit to the Langmuir isotherm model with R 2 = 0.9966 and maximum adsorption capacity = 43.933 mg / g . This proved that the adsorption of Cr(VI) on magnetic zeolite involved monolayer adsorption on the active sites. The separation factor, R L , value lies between 0 and 1 indicating that adsorption of Cr(VI) on the magnetic zeolite is favorable. The adsorption kinetics study follows pseudo-first order in the removal of Cr(VI). FTIR analysis of magnetic zeolite revealed the presence of numerous functional groups participating in Cr(VI) adsorption. The current study confirmed that magnetic zeolite is a cost-effective and favorable material for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution.

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Alhothali, Areej, Hifsa Khurshid, Muhammad Raza Ul Mustafa, Kawthar Mostafa Moria, Umer Rashid und Omaimah Omar Bamasag. „Evaluation of Contemporary Computational Techniques to Optimize Adsorption Process for Simultaneous Removal of COD and TOC in Wastewater“. Adsorption Science & Technology 2022 (27.04.2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7874826.

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This study was aimed at evaluating the artificial neural network (ANN), genetic algorithm (GA), adaptive neurofuzzy interference (ANFIS), and the response surface methodology (RSM) approaches for modeling and optimizing the simultaneous adsorptive removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) in produced water (PW) using tea waste biochar (TWBC). Comparative analysis of RSM, ANN, and ANFIS models showed mean square error (MSE) as 5.29809, 1.49937, and 0.24164 for adsorption of COD and MSE of 0.11726, 0.10241, and 0.08747 for prediction of TOC adsorption, respectively. The study showed that ANFIS outperformed the ANN and RSM in terms of fast convergence, minimum MSE, and sum of square error for prediction of adsorption data. The adsorption parameters were optimized using ANFIS-surface plots, ANN-GA hybrid, RSM-GA hybrid, and RSM optimization tool in design expert (DE) software. Maximum COD (88.9%) and TOC (98.8%) removal were predicted at pH of 7, a dosage of 300 mg/L, and contact time of 60 mins using ANFIS-surface plots. The optimization approaches showed the performance in the following order: ANFIS-surface plots>ANN-GA>RSM-GA>RSM.

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Jung, Dong Hyun, Dae Jin Kim, Tae Bum Lee, Ja Heon Kim und Seung Hoon Choi. „Grand Canonical Monte Carlo Simulations for the Prediction of Adsorption Capacity of Hydrogen in MOFs“. Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (Juni 2007): 1693–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.1693.

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We performed grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations on the series of MOFs, that are Metal-Organic Frameworks having various organic linkers and nanocube frameworks, to find out rational design and synthetic strategies toward efficient hydrogen storage materials. The adsorption amounts of hydrogen molecules showed diverse range according to the variation of parameter values. This indicated that the hydrogen adsorption was sensitive to the values of parameters corresponding to the non-bonding interactions. The optimization of the parameters was done to fit the experimental results at 77 K. After the parameterization of the potential function, we adopted this condition to predict the adsorption amount of hydrogen molecules on IRMOF-3, which has NH2 group as the substituent of hydrogen bonded to benzene ring. The calculation results showed good agreement with experimental adsorptions and we analyzed the adsorption sites of each MOF and the relationship between the adsorption characteristics and the hydrogen uptake capacity.

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Gizicki, Wojciech, und Tomasz Banaszkiewicz. „Performance Optimization of the Low-Capacity Adsorption Oxygen Generator“. Applied Sciences 10, Nr. 21 (25.10.2020): 7495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217495.

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This paper presents an innovative method of optimizing energy consumption by a low-capacity adsorption oxygen generator. As a result of the applied optimization, reduction in the energy consumption of oxygen separation by about 40% with a possible increase in the maximum efficiency by about 80% was achieved. The experiments were carried out on a test stand with the use of a commercially available adsorption oxygen generator using the PSA technology. The experimental analysis clearly shows that the adsorption oxygen generators offered for sale are not optimized in terms of energy consumption or capacity. The reduction of the oxygen separation energy consumption was achieved by appropriate adjustment of the device operating parameters for the given adsorption pressure and maintaining an appropriate pressure difference between the adsorption bed and the product tank.

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Chansuvarn, Woravith, Yuttapoom Pandee, Ariya Saechim und Kritsana Habunmee. „Adsorption of Cadmium(II) Ion from Aqueous Solution onto a Raw Material of Bamboo Powder and its Surface Modification“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 879 (März 2018): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.879.131.

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This work was focused on evaluating the potential of bamboo powder modified with manganese oxide (MnO-BP) as a low-cost byproduct adsorbent for the adsorption of cadmium(II) ion. A batch method was carried out at room temperature and the optimized conditions. The optimization of adsorption parameters including pH, equilibrium time, dosage and initial Cd(II) concentration was also systematically studied for the removal of cadmium(II) ion. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of MnO-BP was estimated as 8.57 mg/g that it more adsorption capacity than untreated-bamboo powder by about 5 times. The Langmuir and the Freundlich isotherms were used to describe the adsorptive mechanism and calculated the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity. It was found that the data from MnO-BP fitted well to the Freundlich isotherm with R2>0.99. It indicated that the adsorptive behavior of MnO-BP to cadmium(II) ion is preferable. In this work, MnO-BP was used for the removal of cadmium(II) ion in wastewater sample. The MnO-BP is a low-cost adsorbent that can be used to remove cadmium(II) effectively.

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Wen, Tao, Yuanyuan Zhao, Youze Xu, Jing Guo, Guangyi Fu, Yingxiang Cheng und Yu Zhong. „Optimization of process parameters and kinetics of adsorption treatment of thallium-containing wastewater“. E3S Web of Conferences 118 (2019): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911801025.

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Thallium is an extremely toxic metal and abundant in industrial wastewater but little studied. In order to understand the optimal adsorption kinetic parameters of the chelating resin containing hydrazine wastewater, we carried out adsorption experiments on the cerium-containing wastewater treated by chemical precipitation. In this chapter, the optimum adsorption conditions, adsorption model, dynamic adsorption curve and desorption and regeneration of adsorbent were determined at different pH, temperature, adsorption time and different adsorbent dosage. The results show that the removal rate of thallium wastewater by resin is up to 97.5% when the pH value is 9. The optimum adsorption temperature is 30 and the adsorption reached equilibrium at 80 min. The adsorption process is consistent with Lagergren quasi-second-order adsorption and Langmuir isotherm model. The regenerative properties of the resin show that the resin adsorption rates still reach 95.8% after repeat use for six times. In summary, the chelating resin has good adsorption and reusability to the thallium-containing wastewater

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OA, Olafadehan. „ANN Optimization of Adsorption of Naphthalene on Composite Nanoparticles of Chitosan-CTAB-Sodium Bentonite Clay“. Petroleum & Petrochemical Engineering Journal 7, Nr. 2 (04.04.2023): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ppej-16000354.

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In the present study, nanoparticles of chitosan-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-sodium bentonite clay were synthesized and characterized using EDX, SEM, FTIR, XRF and XRD techniques. The composite material was utilized as adsorbent for the treatment of contaminated aqueous solution containing naphthalene. The adsorption process was modeled and optimized using artificial neural network (ANN) and ANN–genetic algorithm respectively. The process variables considered were surfactant concentration, X1 , activation time, X 2 , activation temperature, X3 , and chitosan dosage, X4 . The predicted ANN models for % removal of naphthalene and adsorption capacity of the composite adsorbent fitted excellently the experimental adsorption data of naphthalene judging from high value of coefficient of determination, 2 R , amongst others and very low values of error functions. The optimum conditions obtained with ANN–GA were X1 = 70.7580 mg/L, X 2 = 2.9940 h, X3 = 99.9880o C, and X 4 = 2.0340 g. The predicted response variables of 99.1461% removal of naphthalene and 249.67 mg/g adsorption capacity of the composite adsorbent using the ANN-GA models were in excellent agreement with their corresponding experimental values of 99.35% and 250.16 mg/g with % errors of 0.2056 and 0.1960 respectively. Consequently, the ANN models and the ANN–GA optimized conditions can be reliably applied to the experimental adsorption data of naphthalene on the chitosan–CTAB–sodium bentonite clay composite nanoparticles as adsorbent. Moreover, the prepared adsorbent in this study is a viable alternative adsorbent for the treatment of industrial wastewater containing polycyclic aromatic compounds, especially naphthalene.

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Tan, Suat Hian, und Ismail Nurul Ain. „Process Optimization of L-Phenylalanine onto Porous Silica Nanoparticles“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 563 (Mai 2014): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.563.90.

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Porous silica nanoparticles play an important role in the field of bioseparations and biomedical applications by offering large surface area and pore volume for adsorption of solutes. The present work deals with the synthesis, characterization and adsorption studies on silica nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were synthesized using tetraethylorthosilicate as starting material and ethanol as solvent by sol-gel method under basic medium. Subsequently, L-phenylalanine was loaded into these nanoparticles by simple adsorption and the adsorption capacity was examined by UV spectrophotometer at 257 nm. The different operating parameters such as pH, silica nanoparticles dosage and duration on the uptake of the L-phenylalanine were studied. The results indicate the potential for a new use of silica nanoparticles as an effective adsorbent for L-phenylalanine.

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Jiang, Xin Long, Yi Hua Jiang und Cheng Gang Cai. „Response Surface Optimization of Adsorption Conditions of Neutral Red Wastewater by Brewer's Grains“. Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (Juni 2014): 2859–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.2859.

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Abstract: Surface response optimization of adsorption conditions of neutral red wastewater by brewer's grains with the factors of pH value, initial concentration,adsorption temperature, adsorption time, adsorbent quantity and the response of adsorption rate were studied. The optimal parameters for adsorption conditions were of adsorbent concentration of 191.24 mg·L-1, adsorbent particle size of 60~80 mesh,pH 4.65, adsorbent amount of 2.56 g·L-1, adsorption time and temperature of 1.92 h and 30°C, respectively. The maximal absorption rate got 99.16%.The brewer's grains is a promising, cheap, efficient, new biological materials of adsorption for neutral red in wastewater.

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Tai, Yong Kee, Lan Ching Sim, Kah Hon Leong und Pichiah Saravanan. „Optimization Study of Adsorption Parameter for Removal of Dye Pollutant Using Candle Soot Coated Egg Carton“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 945, Nr. 1 (01.12.2021): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/945/1/012012.

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Abstract In this study, several parameters that affect the adsorption capacity of Rhodamine B (RhB) dyes were reviewed which include initial pH, temperature, contact time and initial dye concentration. Experimental data was extracted from other literatures as input for subsequent optimization study. Design Expert version 11.1.2.0 software was used to find the optimal condition for adsorption of RhB dyes from wastewater by using candle soot coated on egg carton (CS-Egg) as absorbent. The Central Composite Design (CCD) in response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to perform the optimization and analysis process as it was effective in determining the optimal condition for the adsorption process. CCD evaluated many parameters at the same time and thus reducing the number of experiments required. The optimum condition to maximize the adsorption efficiency was obtained at pH 7, 262.5 mg/L, 60 min of contact time and 55 °C. The highest predicted adsorption efficiency of RhB dye was 90 % at optimum condition. The optimization of parameter provides a better understanding on the adsorption efficiency before conducting the actual experimental work.

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Al Wahedi, Yasser, Arwa H. Rabie, Abdulla Al Shaiba, Frank Geuzebroek und Prodromos Daoutidis. „Optimization of Adsorption-Based Natural Gas Dryers“. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 55, Nr. 16 (05.04.2016): 4658–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00374.

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Nikolić, Dragan, Eustathios S. Kikkinides und Michael C. Georgiadis. „Optimization of Multibed Pressure Swing Adsorption Processes“. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 48, Nr. 11 (03.06.2009): 5388–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie801357a.

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Kapoor, A., und Ralph T. Yang. „Optimization of a pressure swing adsorption cycle“. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 27, Nr. 1 (Januar 1988): 204–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00073a037.

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Davis, Mark M., und M. Douglas LeVan. „Experiments on optimization of thermal swing adsorption“. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 28, Nr. 6 (Juni 1989): 778–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00090a020.

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Karalis, T. K. „Optimization of swelling due to water adsorption“. Acta Mechanica 144, Nr. 1-2 (März 2000): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01181830.

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Santori, G., A. Frazzica, A. Freni, M. Galieni, L. Bonaccorsi, F. Polonara und G. Restuccia. „Optimization and testing on an adsorption dishwasher“. Energy 50 (Februar 2013): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.11.031.

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Lei, Xue, und Anatoly F. Zatsepin. „First principles modeling of molecular adsorption on InSe-monolayer“. Emerging Materials Research 12, Nr. 4 (01.12.2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jemmr.22.00216.

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In this paper, it demonstrates that the calculated physical adsorption energies, substrate-adsorbent distances, and substrate distortions strongly depend on the size of employed supercell and especially on the type of optimization in the case of very flexible 2D monolayers, such as InSe. It has been established that calculations with optimization of only atomic positions and calculations with optimization of atomic positions and lattice parameters can give energies of different signs and values. In-plane (stretching and compression) and out-of-plane (ripple formation) distortions also lead to significant changes in the calculated adsorption energies. Influence of the substrate flexibility and adsorption on electronic structure and optical properties are also discussed.

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Song, Zi Yu, und Jian Min Xing. „Optimization of the Bio-Desulfurization for Coupling with Biogas Purification“. Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (Mai 2012): 1771–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.1771.

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Anaerobic digestion process has been widely used for organic wastewater, and could produce biogas which would be one of important sustainable energy. The biogas always contains some toxic, corrosive and odor hydrogen sulfide, which must be removed before utilization. Bio-desulfurization is a novel method for the removal of hydrogen sulfide by sulfide oxidizing bacteria. This process contains hydrogen sulfide adsorption and sulfide oxidizing sections. Sulfide oxidizing section should be coupled with adsorption section. In this study, some important parameters of adsorption section were tested for the effect on the growth of sulfide oxidizing bacteria. How the sulfide oxidizing section efficiently coupled with adsorption section was discussed. Our results showed that the optimal adsorbent was 0.1 M NaHCO3/Na2CO3 buffer and pH 8.0. The content of S2- in the effluent of adsorption section was 20 mM. If countercurrent absorption process used, the bio-desulfurization process was suitable for the treatment of the biogas, whose content of hydrogen sulfide was above 15,000 ppm.

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Ravindran, Gobinath, M. Radha Madhavi und Bashir Suleman Abusahmin. „Optimization of Zinc(II) Adsorption Using Agricultural Waste“. International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, Nr. 3.34 (01.09.2018): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.34.19212.

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With industrial growth, presence of pollutants is growing enormously. Removal of pollutant from waste water and effluents can be accomplished by various techniques, out of which adsorption was found to be an efficient method. Applications of adsorption limits itself due to high cost of adsorbent. In this regard, a low cost adsorbent produced from palm oil shell based agricultural waste is examined for its efficiency to remove Zn (II) from waste water and aqueous solution. The influence of independent process variables like pH, residence time, initial solution concentration, activated carbon dosage and process temperature on the removal of Zn(II) by palm shell based activated carbon from batch adsorption process are studied systematically. The results reveal that palm shell based activated carbon can be an effective adsorbent for removal of Zinc (II) and is efficient compared to other types of adsorbent produced from agricultural waste.

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Rajeshkannan, R., M. Rajasimman und N. Rajamohan. „Decolourization of malachite green using tamarind seed: Optimization, isotherm and kinetic studies“. Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 17, Nr. 1 (2011): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq100716056r.

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In this work, removal of malachite green (MG) from aqueous solution using a low cost adsorbent, tamarind seed, was investigated. The adsorbent was characterized using SEM, BET surface area analyzer, and FT-IR. Decolorization of malachite green was studied as a function of different adsorption parameters such as temperature, adsorbent dose, contact time, adsorbent size and agitation speed. These parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The significance of different adsorption parameters along with their combined effect on the adsorption process has been established through a full 50 factorial design. Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich Petersen, Dubnin Redushkevich and Tempkin adsorption isotherm equations were used in the equilibrium modeling. Experimental data follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The adsorption process follows pseudo first order and intra-particle diffusion is found to be the rate-controlling step.

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Zhu, Maxiaoqi, Zhicai Zhang, Yiqiuyi Liu, Feng Wang, Lili Xia, Jianwei Xia und Hongming Guo. „Optimization of Process Parameters forε-Polylysine Production by Response Surface Methods“. International Journal of Polymer Science 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3785036.

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ε-Polylysine (ε-PL) is a highly safe natural food preservative with a broad antimicrobial spectrum, excellent corrosion resistances, and great commercial potentials. In the present work, we evaluated theε-PL adsorption performances of HZB-3B and D155 resins and optimized the adsorption and desorption conditions by single-factor test, response surface method, and orthogonal design. The complexes of resin andε-PL were characterized by SEM and FITR. The results indicated that D155 resin had the bestε-PL adsorption performance and was selected for the separation and purification ofε-PL. The conditions for the static adsorption ofε-PL on D155 resin were optimized as follows:ε-PL solution 40 g/L, pH 8.5, resins 15 g/L, and absorption time 14 h. The adsorption efficiency ofε-PL under the optimal conditions was 96.84%. Theε-PL adsorbed on the D155 resin was easily desorbed with 0.4 mol/L HCl at 30°C in 10 h. The highest desorption efficiency was 97.57% and the overall recovery ofε-PL was 94.49% under the optimal conditions. The excellentε-PL adsorption and desorption properties of D155 resin including high selectivity and adsorption capacity, easy desorption, and high stability make it a good candidate for the isolation ofε-PL from fermentation broths.

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Mohammad, Y. S., E. M. Shaibu-Imodagbe, S. B. Igboro, A. Giwa und C. A. Okuofu. „Modeling and Optimization for Production of Rice Husk Activated Carbon and Adsorption of Phenol“. Journal of Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/278075.

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Modeling of adsorption process establishes mathematical relationship between the interacting process variables and process optimization is important in determining the values of factors for which the response is at maximum. In this paper, response surface methodology was employed for the modeling and optimization of adsorption of phenol onto rice husk activated carbon. Among the action variables considered are activated carbon pretreatment temperature, adsorbent dosage, and initial concentration of phenol, while the response variables are removal efficiency and adsorption capacity. Regression analysis was used to analyze the models developed. The outcome of this research showed that 99.79% and 99.81% of the variations in removal efficiency and adsorption capacity, respectively, are attributed to the three process variables considered, that is, pretreatment temperature, adsorbent dosage, and initial phenol concentration. Therefore, the models can be used to predict the interaction of the process variables. Optimization tests showed that the optimum operating conditions for the adsorption process occurred at initial solute concentration of 40.61 mg/L, pretreatment temperature of 441.46°C, adsorbent dosage 4 g, adsorption capacity of 0.9595 mg/g, and removal efficiency of 97.16%. These optimum operating conditions were experimentally validated.

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Arias-Madrid, Daniela, Oscar E. Medina, Jaime Gallego, Sócrates Acevedo, Alexander A. Correa-Espinal, Farid B. Cortés und Camilo A. Franco. „NiO, Fe2O3, and MoO3 Supported over SiO2 Nanocatalysts for Asphaltene Adsorption and Catalytic Decomposition: Optimization through a Simplex–Centroid Mixture Design of Experiments“. Catalysts 10, Nr. 5 (19.05.2020): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10050569.

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The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of functionalized silica nanoparticles with Fe2O3, NiO, and MoO3 metal oxides on the decomposition of asphaltenes, through an experimental simplex–centroid mixture design for surface area, asphaltene adsorption, and activation energy. The experimental nanoparticle surface area was measured by adsorption of N2. Adsorption isotherms, and the subsequent oxidation process of asphaltenes, were performed through batch adsorption experiments and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. Among the monometallic systems, the presence of iron increased the affinity between the nanoparticle and the asphaltenes, and a higher metal oxide load increased the adsorptive capacity of the system. For the pairings evaluated, there was better synergy between iron and nickel, with the participation of the former being slightly superior. In the mixture design that included three transition elements, the participation of molybdenum was not significant, and the adsorption of asphaltenes was dominated by the active sites formed by the other two transition element oxides. The mixture design created to minimize the activation energy showed that the interaction of the three transition elements is important and can be evidenced in the interaction coefficients.

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Adeola, Adedapo O., und Patricia B. C. Forbes. „Optimization of the sorption of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by regenerable graphene wool“. Water Science and Technology 80, Nr. 10 (15.11.2019): 1931–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.011.

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Abstract A novel graphene wool (GW) material was used as adsorbent for the removal of phenanthrene (PHEN) and pyrene (PYR) from aqueous solution. Adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, thermodynamics of adsorption and effect of pH, ionic strength, and temperature on the adsorption of PHEN and PYR onto GW were comprehensively investigated. Isothermal and kinetic experimental data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Sips and Dubinin–Radushkevich models, as well as pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The adsorption kinetic data best fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic model for PHEN and PYR sorption with R2 value >0.999, whilst the Sips model best fit isotherm data. Kinetic data revealed that 24 hr of contact between adsorbent and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was sufficient for maximum adsorption, where the Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity of GW for PHEN and PYR was 5 and 20 mg g−1 and the optimum removal efficiency was 99.9% and 99.1%, respectively. Thermodynamic experiments revealed that adsorption processes were endothermic and spontaneous. Desorption experiments indicated that irreversible sorption occurred with a hysteresis index greater that zero for both PAHs. The high adsorption capacity and potential reusability of GW makes it a very attractive material for removal of hydrophobic organic micro-pollutants from water.

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Gao, Feng, Ying Xin Ge, Jia Zhao und Hai Xia Yang. „Technology Optimization Study on Preparation of Activated Carbon from Rice Husk Cracking“. Advanced Materials Research 197-198 (Februar 2011): 931–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.931.

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Response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted to study the key parameters such as activation temperature, activation time, and active agent amount in order to increase activated carbon iodine adsorption value from rice husk. A second order quadratic equation was established and the applicability of model and interaction involved factors on predicting the iodine adsorption value was verified. The results indicated that the effect on the iodine adsorption value was as follows: activation temperature, activation ratio, activation time. The optimal levels for achieving the highest iodine adsorption value were obtained, including activation temperature of 550°C, activation time of 48min and activation ratio of 1.25. The iodine adsorption value reached 1464.793mg/g under optimized conditions. Iodine adsorption value was conducted under the optimum condition and the results showed the average relative error 0.58%, it proved that the models fitted well, the experimental data and the model were feasible.

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Isiyaka, Hamza Ahmad, Khairulazhar Jumbri, Nonni Soraya Sambudi, Zakariyya Uba Zango, Nor Ain Fathihah Abdullah, Bahruddin Saad und Adamu Mustapha. „Adsorption of dicamba and MCPA onto MIL-53(Al) metal–organic framework: response surface methodology and artificial neural network model studies“. RSC Advances 10, Nr. 70 (2020): 43213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra07969c.

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Serna-Carrizales, Juan Carlos, Ana I. Zárate-Guzmán, Angélica Aguilar-Aguilar, Angélica Forgionny, Esther Bailón-García, Elizabeth Flórez, Cesar F. A. Gómez-Durán und Raúl Ocampo-Pérez. „Optimization of Binary Adsorption of Metronidazole and Sulfamethoxazole in Aqueous Solution Supported with DFT Calculations“. Processes 11, Nr. 4 (27.03.2023): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11041009.

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Sulfamethoxazole [SMX] and metronidazole [MNZ] are emergent pollutants commonly found in surface water and wastewater, which can cause public health and environmental issues even at trace levels. An efficient alternative for their removal is the application of adsorption technology. The present work evaluated single and binary adsorption processes using granular activated carbon (CAG F400) for SMX and MNZ in an aqueous solution. The binary adsorption process was studied using a Box–Behnken experimental design (RSD), and the results were statistically tested using an analysis of variance. Density functional theory (DFT) modeling was employed to characterize the interactions between the antibiotics and the CAG F400 surface. For the individual adsorption process, adsorption capacities (qe) of 1.61 mmol g−1 for SMX and 1.10 mmol g−1 for MNZ were obtained. The adsorption isotherm model that best fit experimental data was the Radke–Prausnitz isotherm model. The adsorption mechanism occurs through electrostatic and π-π dispersive interactions. For the binary adsorption process, the total binary adsorption capacity achieved was 1.13 mmol g−1, evidencing competitive adsorption. The significant factors that determine the removal of SMX and MNZ from a binary solution were the solution pH and the initial concentration of antibiotics. From DFT studies, it was found that SMX adsorption on CAG F400 was favored with adsorption energy (Eads) of −10.36 kcal mol−1. Finally, the binary adsorption results corroborated that the adsorption process was favorable for both molecules.

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Wang, Yumeng, Wei Li, Hongfei Ma, Wenmiao Guo und Husheng Jiang. „Adsorption of malachite green by calcined kaolin as adsorbent: optimization, thermodynamic and kinetics studies“. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2343, Nr. 1 (01.09.2022): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2343/1/012026.

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The calcined kaolin was used as adsorbent, and the adsorption effect on malachite green (MG) was studied by changing the oscillation time, pH value, calcined kaolin dosage and temperature, respectively. The results show that calcined kaolin has good adsorption effect on MG. Under the conditions of oscillation time of 180 min, calcined kaolin dosage of 16 g/L, initial MG concentration of 100 mg/L and neutral pH, the MG adsorption rate could reach 98.9%. The adsorption equilibrium data of MG on calcined kaolin conformed to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. According to the results of adsorption thermodynamics, MG adsorption on calcined kaolin is endothermic and a spontaneous process. MG adsorption on calcined kaolin could be described by quasi-first-order better.

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Jiang, Xin Long, und Yi Hua Jiang. „Response Surface Optimization of Adsorption Conditions of Cr (VI) from Wastewater by Modified Brewer's Grains“. Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 1931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.1931.

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Surface response optimization of Adsorption Conditions of Cr(VI) wastewater by modified brewer's grains with the factors of pH value, adsorption temperature, adsorption time, amount of adsorbent and the response of adsorption rate were studied. The optimal parameters for Adsorption Conditions were of adsorbent concentration of 60 mg·L-1, adsorbent particle size of 60~80 mesh, pH 2.23, adsorbent amount of 3.64 g·L-1, adsorption time and temperature of 1.13 h and 30 °C, respectively. The maximal absorption rate got 97.45%.The modified brewer's grains is a promising, cheap, efficient, new biological materials of adsorption for Cr (VI) in wastewater.

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Kalsido, Adane Woldemedhin, Beteley Tekola Meshesha, Beshah M. Behailu und Esayas Alemayehu. „Optimization of Fluoride Adsorption on Acid Modified Bentonite Clay Using Fixed-Bed Column by Response Surface Method“. Molecules 26, Nr. 23 (24.11.2021): 7112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237112.

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Using small-scale batch tests, various researchers investigated the adsorptive removal of fluoride using low-cost clay minerals, such as Bentonite. In this study, Column adsorption studies were used to investigate the removal of fluoride from aqueous solution using acid-treated Bentonite (ATB). The effects of initial fluoride concentration, flow rates, and bed depth on fluoride removal efficiency (R) and adsorption capability (qe) in continuous settings were investigated, and the optimal operating condition was determined using central composite design (CCD). The model’s suitability was determined by examining the relationship between experimental and expected response values. The analysis of variance was used to determine the importance of independent variables and their interactions. The optimal values were determined as the initial concentration of 5.51 mg/L, volumetric flow rate of 17.2 mL/min and adsorbent packed-bed depth of 8.88 cm, with % removal of 100, adsorptive capacity of 2.46 mg/g and desirability of 1.0. This output reveals that an acid activation of Bentonite has made the adsorbent successful for field application.

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Samoila, Petrisor, Corneliu Cojocaru, Igor Cretescu, Catalina Daniela Stan, Valentin Nica, Liviu Sacarescu und Valeria Harabagiu. „Nanosized Spinel Ferrites Synthesized by Sol-Gel Autocombustion for Optimized Removal of Azo Dye from Aqueous Solution“. Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/713802.

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Nanosized spinel ferrites MFe2O4(M = Ni, Co, and Zn) have been prepared by sol-gel autocombustion method using citric acid as a fuel agent. The materials are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The spinel ferrites have been applied for Congo-Red (CR) dye adsorption using batch technique. Different kinetic and equilibrium models have been fitted by nonlinear regression to analyze the adsorption data. In accordance with Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity at 293 K is 14.06 mg/g for CoFe2O4and 17.13 mg/g for NiFe2O4. The values of mean free energy determined from Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm are higher than 8 (kJ mol−1), indicating a chemisorption mechanism. Based on the calculated thermodynamic parameters (free energy, enthalpy, and entropy) the adsorption of CR onto ferrites is a spontaneous and endothermic process. Response surface methodology has been applied to construct the multiple regression models for prediction of the adsorption capacity and removal efficiency. The model-based optimization has been performed using genetic algorithms and desirability function approach. The single-objective optimization has yielded a maximum value of color removal efficiency of 98.995%, using NiFe2O4adsorbent. The multiobjective optimization has resulted in the improvement of both removal efficiency and adsorption capacity.

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Scherle, Marc, und Ulrich Nieken. „Simultaneous Optimization of Process Operational and Material Parameters for a 2-Bed Adsorption Refrigeration Process“. ChemEngineering 4, Nr. 2 (06.05.2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering4020031.

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In process engineering, optimization is usually carried out without the simultaneous consideration of material and process. This issue is addressed in the following contribution. A model-based optimization is presented to improve the performance of adsorption heat pumps. Optimization is carried out in two steps. First, we optimize the operational parameters, the cycle time, and the thickness of the adsorbent for a given adsorption material. In a second step we use a material model to predict heat and mass transfer and adsorption capacity from structural material parameters. This allows us to vary the structural material parameters and calculate the optimal operational parameters for each adsorbent. The two-step optimization thus identifies optimal material properties together with corresponding optimal operational parameters. As constraints, a minimum specific cooling power (SCP) and the passive mass of heat transfer pipes are used. The coefficient of performance (COP) is taken as the objective function. We exemplarily demonstrate the approach for a two-bed adsorption chiller, carbide-derived carbon as the adsorbent, methanol as the sorptive and boron-nitrate as additive to improve heat conductivity. The approach can be easily extended to multi-bed installations and more sophisticated material models.

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Akulinin, E. I., D. S. Dvoretsky und S. I. Dvoretsky. „Optimization of Cyclic Adsorption Processes and Gas Mixture Separation Plants“. Vestnik Tambovskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta 27, Nr. 4 (2021): 599–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.17277/vestnik.2021.04.pp.599-614.

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The analysis of the cyclic adsorption process and the installation of separation of gas mixtures by the method of pressure swing adsorption as an object of optimization have been carried out. The study found operating (control) variables (the duration of the adsorption stage, the pressure at the compressor outlet, the coefficient of reverse flow for the regeneration of the adsorbent, the program of changes in the opening time of the inlet and outlet valves of the installation); undefined parameters (composition, temperature and pressure of the initial gas-air mixture); output variables of the installation (concentration of oxygen, nitrogen in the product gas flow, the productivity of the installation, the degree of extraction and reduced costs for the production of oxygen with a given purity of 40 - 90 and higher vol.%). A one-stage problem of optimization of the regimes of a stationary periodic process of adsorption separation of atmospheric air and oxygen concentration was formulated and solved by the method of short-cycle adsorption under conditions of partial uncertainty of the initial information in the presence of restrictions on the purity of the product gas, the productivity of the installation and the rate of gas flow in the “frontal layer” of the adsorbent. An iterative algorithm for its solution is proposed.

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Zhang, Xuan, Minglu Zhang, Shilong Jiao, Xiaojun Zhang und Manhong Li. „Optimization Design and Parameter Analysis of a Wheel with Array Magnets“. Symmetry 15, Nr. 5 (23.04.2023): 962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15050962.

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At present, a large number of magnetic wall-climbing robots are applied to various magnetically conductive metal facades for detection and anti-corrosion work. Limited by the wall-climbing mechanism and adsorption device, most wall-climbing robots can only climb on smooth walls, and it is difficult to adapt to complex walls. Therefore, by studying the multi-media magnetic circuit conduction mechanism, a permanent magnetic adsorption wheel with a magnet array arrangement was designed in this study and applied to a hinge-type wall-climbing robot. By analyzing the influence of structural parameters on the adsorption performance and optimization design, a magnetic wheel structure with a symmetric structure that can meet a variety of adsorption requirements was obtained. To analyze the mechanical characteristics of the wall-climbing robot under complex facade conditions, we researched the adsorption performance of the designed magnetic wheel in different wall structures. Finally, the adhesion force of the magnetic wheel was verified through experimental measurements, and it was found that the hinged wall-climbing robot could adapt to different structural features and complete wall-transition and obstacle-crossing movements.

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Merzeg, F. Ait, N. Bait, T. Mokrani, I. Akkari, R. Ladji und K. Bachari. „Phenol adsorption onto olive pomace activated carbon: modelling and optimization“. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, Nr. 2 (30.04.2023): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2023-2/125.

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Purpose. To depollute water contaminated by phenol using the adsorption process in a batch reactor with valorization of olive pomace for the preparation of activated carbon to be used as an adsorbent. Methodology. In this present work, study on the influence of four principal parameters on the adsorption yield during the treatment of polluted water by the process of adsorption were studied, namely: the activated carbon mass, the contact time, the phenol initial concentration and the stirring speed. In addition, the process was optimized with full factorial designs using the response surface methodology by the MINITAB software. Findings. The phenol removal by adsorption on the activated carbon made from olive pomace makes it possible to achieve an adsorption efficiency of 91 % with the use of following optimal conditions: adsorbent mass of 0.48 g, a contact time of 110.80 min, a phenol concentration of 100.98 mg/L, and a stirring speed of 462.89 rpm. Contact time and adsorbent mass showed a positive effect on phenol removal efficiency. The principal effect results illustrate that all four examined factors significantly affected the phenol removal by olive pomace activated carbon with a confidence level of 95 %. Originality. The experimental data of the phenol adsorption on the olive pomace activated carbon were examined by adjustment of a second-degree polynomial model. This model is validated by a statistical method using an analysis of variance (ANOVA). Numerical optimization was performed by the desirability function to identify the optimal parameters for maximum phenol recovery. Practical value. In order to highlight a process for treating waters contaminated with phenol, we have chosen the processes that are considered to be best suited, which is adsorption with the recovery of a waste such as an adsorbent, which is prepared by physical and chemical activation of olive pomace. The full factorial design applied makes it possible to show the influence of each parameter independently and their dependencies, as well as to find the optimal experimental conditions quickly which lead to the realization of this process.

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Wang, Hui, Yiming Zhou, Xinjiang Hu, Yuan Guo, Xiaoxi Cai, Chunjie Liu, Ping Wang und Yunguo Liu. „Optimization of Cadmium Adsorption by Magnetic Graphene Oxide Using a Fractional Factorial Design“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, Nr. 18 (11.09.2020): 6648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186648.

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Graphene materials have attracted increasing interest in water remediation. In this study, magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) was prepared through the modified Hummers method and the adsorption behaviors of cadmium were investigated. Firstly, the sorption kinetics, isotherms, as well as the effects of pH were investigated. Then, fractional factorial design (FFD) was used to optimize the effects of pH, temperature, time, initial concentration of cadmium ion and NaCl on cadmium adsorption. The results indicate that MGO could effectively remove cadmium ions from an aqueous solution and the sorption data could be described well by pseudo-second-order and Freundlich models, showing that the adsorption rate of cadmium ions on MGO is multilayer adsorption and dominated by the chemical adsorption. According to the FFD results, the maximum adsorption capacity of cadmium ions was 13.169 mg/g under the optimum condition of pH value 8, 45 °C, contact time 60 min, initial cadmium concentration of 70 mg/L and NaCl concentration of 100 mg/L. Higher levels of the pH value, temperature and initial cadmium concentration are beneficial to the adsorption process. These results are important for estimating and optimizing the removal of metal ions by MGO composite.

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Zhang, Qing, Yan-mei Ding, Lin Lu, Jing-xi Li, Mei-na Liang und Yi-nian Zhu. „Phosphate adsorption onto bagasse iron oxide biochar: Parameter optimization, kinetic analysis, and study of mechanism“. BioResources 16, Nr. 1 (05.01.2021): 1335–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.1.1335-1357.

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This study combined chemical ultrasonic modifications and microwave oven heating to prepare a novel adsorbent, bagasse iron oxide biochar, (BIBC) to remove phosphate from aqueous solutions. The characterization of BIBC was made by energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses, and the mechanism of phosphorus adsorption on BIBC was researched by adsorption batch experiments with emphasis on pH, dosages of BIBC, initial phosphorus concentration, and adsorption time. The BIBC’s BET specific surface area and pore volumes were 81.94 m2 g−1 and 26.74 cm3 g−1, respectively. The pH for the optimal phosphorus adsorption by BIBC ranged from 5.0 to 7.0. The maximum adsorption capacities of phosphorus (according to the Langmuir model) were 3.62, 4.06, and 4.32 mg g-1 at temperatures of 25, 35, and 45 °C, respectively. Electrostatic interaction, surface adsorption of phosphorus on BIBC, and ion exchange were the main mechanisms of phosphorus adsorption. According to XPS results, Fe2p was involved in the adsorption reaction. The adsorption of phosphorus by BIBC is considered to be mainly chemical adsorption. The BIBC was stable under a pH range from 4.0 to 10.0 and secondary pollution did not result.

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Sahu, Naincy, Shalu Rawat, Jiwan Singh, Rama Rao Karri, Suhyun Lee, Jong-Soo Choi und Janardhan Reddy Koduru. „Process Optimization and Modeling of Methylene Blue Adsorption Using Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles Synthesized from Sweet Lime Pulp“. Applied Sciences 9, Nr. 23 (26.11.2019): 5112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9235112.

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The presence of dyes in waterbodies poses severe problems in human and aquatic creatures, and the development of treatment methods for the removal of these pollutants is of utmost importance. This research study investigates the elimination of methylene blue (MB) from an aqueous solution using zero-valent iron nanoparticles synthesized from sweet lime pulp waste (nZVISLP). The purity, chemical composition, and crystalline size of nZVISLP were investigated using microscopic and spectroscopic studies. A maximum MB removal efficiency of 98.9% was obtained at the following optimal conditions: C0: 10 mg/L, dosage: 1.2 g/L, and temperature: 25 °C. To understand the adsorptive removal characteristics of nZVISLP, the investigational adsorption data were tested with conventional kinetic and isotherm models. Furthermore, a differential evolution optimization (DEO) technique was used to estimate the optimal intrinsic parameters in the isotherm and kinetic models. For the various evaluated isotherms, the correlation coefficient (R2) values for the Freundlich and Sips isotherm models were ~0.98, thus confirming the aptness of these isotherms to represent MB adsorption onto nZVISLP. The robustness of non-linear models was verified by statistical metrics, thus validating the performance of the optimization technique. The results derived from this study affirm the potential of an ecofriendly biogenic nanomaterial, nZVISLP, for MB adsorptive removal.

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Qi, Hongxue, Xianjun Niu, Haipeng Wu, Xiuping Liu und Yongqiang Chen. „Adsorption of Chromium (VI) by Cu (I)-MOF in Water: Optimization, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics“. Journal of Chemistry 2021 (24.12.2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4413095.

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To investigate the adsorption behavior of Cu (I)-MOF material for chromium (VI) in water, the parameters of influencing adsorption were optimized and found as follows: the optimal pH was 6 for the adsorption of Cr (VI) by the Cu (I)-MOF, the optimal amount of adsorbent was 0.45 g·L−1, and the adsorption saturation time was within 180 min. Subsequently, the kinetics results were fitted by four models such as pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion models. Among them, the adsorption of chromium (VI) was more inclined to the pseudo-first-order model (Radj2 = 0.9230). Then, the isotherm data were fitted by Langmuir and Freundlich models. The results indicated that Langmuir isotherm was the excellent match model (Radj2 = 0.9827). It belongs to a monolayer adsorption, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 95.92 mg·g−1. Subsequently, the thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption were calculated as follows: enthalpy change (ΔHθ) was −8.583 kJ·mol−1, entropy change (ΔSθ) was −8.243 J·mol−1 K−1, and the Gibbs function change (ΔGθ) was less than zero in the temperature range of 288–328 K, indicating that the reaction was spontaneous. Finally, both the spectra of infrared and XPS supported the adsorption mechanism that belonged the ion exchange. The spectra of XRD and SEM images shown that the structure of Cu (I)-MOF remained stable for at least 3 cycles. In conclusion, Cu (I)-MOF material has a high adsorption capacity, good water stability, low cost, and easy to prepare in large quantities in practical application. It will be a promising adsorbent for the removal of Cr (VI) from water.

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Zhang, Xufeng, Liyu Du und Wenjuan Jin. „Screening and Optimization of Conditions for the Adsorption of Cd2+ in Serpentine by Using Response Surface Methodology“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, Nr. 24 (15.12.2022): 16848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416848.

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In order to explore the optimal conditions for the adsorption of Cd2+ in serpentine, this paper studied the adsorption of simulated cadmium solutions with serpentine as an adsorbent. On the basis of a single factor experiment, four factors including the amount of serpentine, initial pH, the initial concentration of solutions, and adsorption time were selected as the influencing factors, and the adsorption quantity and adsorption rate of serpentine to Cd2+ were double response values using the Box–Behnken design. Response surface analyses were used to study the effects of four factors on the adsorption quantity and adsorption rate of serpentine on cadmium, and the interaction between various factors. The results showed that the optimum adsorption conditions were as follows: the amount of serpentine was 1%, the initial pH was 5.5, the initial solution concentration was 40.83 mg·L−1, and the adsorption time was 26.78 h. Under these conditions, the theoretical adsorption quantity and adsorption rate of serpentine to Cd2+ were 3.99 mg·g−1 and 95.24%, respectively. At the same time, after three repeated experiments, the actual adsorption quantity and adsorption rate of serpentine to Cd2+ were 3.91 mg·g−1 and 94.68%, respectively, and the theoretical value was similar to the actual value. Therefore, it was proved that the experimental design of the regression model is reliable, and it is feasible to use the response surface method to optimize the adsorption conditions of serpentine on Cd2+.

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Opeoluwa, Ogundipe S., Latinwo G. Kayode, Ayobami O. Ajani, Tinuade J. Afolabi, Idris O. Okeowo, Adetoro R. Olaitan und Abass O. Alade. „Optimization and Isothermal Studies of Antibiotics Mixture Biosorption From Wastewater Using Palm Kernel, Chrysophyllum albidum, and Coconut Shells Biocomposite“. Avicenna Journal of Environmental Health Engineering 10, Nr. 1 (29.06.2023): 44–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ajehe.2023.5316.

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The presence of persistent pharmaceutical products in water bodies is a significant problem that obstructs wastewater reuse. This study investigated the adsorption process for removing the recalcitrant antibiotics, including tetracycline (TC), ampicillin (AMP), and amoxicillin (AMOX) from an aqueous solution using a composite biosorbent made from a mixture of palm kernel shell (PKS), Chrysophyllum albidum (CAS), and coconut shell (CS). Simplex centroid design in the Design of Expert (12.0.1.0) was applied to optimize the percentage composition (20-55%) of the composite biosorbent precursor and to remove TC-AMP-AMOX mixtures from the aqueous solution in a batch study. The equilibrium data were fitted to 12 isotherm models and analyzed statistically. The maximum adsorption capacity of 9.12 mg/g, 8.66 mg/g, and 7.11 mg/g was achieved for TC, AMP, and AMOX, respectively, using the biocomposite biosorbent with an optimal mixture of 55% PKS, 20% CAS, and 25% CS. The adsorption behavior of TC, AMP, and AMOX was well-described by the Langmuir/Elovich isotherm (R2=1.000), Hill-DeBoer (R2=0.9953), and Freundlich/ Halsey (R2=0.9898) models, respectively. The obtained results showed that the biocomposite PKS-CAS-CS leverages the individual adsorptive capacity of each constituent to enhance the adsorption process. Moreover, the composite biosorbent demonstrated excellent potential for removing recalcitrant pharmaceuticals from wastewater effectively.

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