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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Appropriate Piping System“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Appropriate Piping System"
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Chao, Y. J. „Minimum Stress Design of Nozzles in Pressure Vessel Heads“. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 110, Nr. 4 (01.11.1988): 460–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3265630.
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In the early design stage of pressure vessels the configuration of the piping systems is not yet established; hence forces transmitted by the piping systems to the nozzles in the pressure vessels cannot be determined. This often leads to the design of nozzles in pressure vessels guided by consideration of pressure loadings such as the area-replacement method. However, it is true that in many cases the stresses due to external loads can be more critical than those due to the internal pressure. Therefore, engineers often redesign the piping system several times by adding more pipe bends or special restraints for a hot piping system to reduce the reactions at a previously designed nozzle so that the resulting stresses at the nozzle are within the acceptable limit. This paper introduces a rational mechanism whereby the stresses due to the unforeseen external loads can be minimized in the early design stage of the nozzle. An appropriate analysis is discussed which is based on the classical thin shell theory. Analyses using this method allow one to obtain the minimum stresses at a nozzle in a pressure vessel head or a spherical vessel for moment and thrust loadings.
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Al-Dabbas, Mohammed Awwad Ali. „The Description of “Temperature Self-Limiting” in Jordanian Solar Generators with Natural Cooling“. International Journal of Heat and Technology 39, Nr. 3 (30.06.2021): 938–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijht.390330.
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This study helps to make the sustainability of the experiential system reg of solar generator device better, particularly the unexpected inactiveness of drainage liquid throughout the solar system which is generating power. Stagnation situations can be disastrous for solar system units. Various methods to mitigating the consequences of the stagnation state have been established and tested. Some suggested approaches are not appropriate for all device designs and implementations. The tested reg generator systems in experiments can continue to work although the collector of the piping system is cut off. furthermore, the absorber layer is a challenge because it absorbs general solar incandesce regardless of cell temperature, causing the piping system to become inactive. This research depicts the experiential data that was tracked and mentioned in dealing with stagnation. The hydrodynamic flowing in the experiential solar generator was simulated using rigid flow. The measuring and processing of the data allowed the identification of excessive heat and stagnation issues in real-world operating environments. Daily, the test logging data of the prototype reg device was monitored to guide the incipience of inactivity and excessive heat. Most items have been utilized in the study; solenoid check valve and the Reflux Pipe in the Check Valves have been utilized as primary control items within the experimental reg unit, while normal cooling was utilized as the subaltern control element. Under stagnation phases, an air path is installed at the rear of the absorber to cool it normally. In general, there are agreement between the experimental and simulation results.
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Elmardi Suleiman, Dr Osama Mohammed, und Mansour Hamad Elmamoun. „A REVIEW STUDY IN TROUBLESHOOTING OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS IN CEMENT INDUSTRIES“. International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 7, Nr. 8 (01.12.2022): 62–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2022.v07i08.006.
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Behind every hydraulic system there exists critical components that influence power transmission. To improve talent you should recognize how these components operate and affect the system i.e. learn the kinds of filter and piping used in hydraulic systems, describe the types and functions of hydraulic seals, and explain the operating principles of different types of pumps, and further learning the types and uses of accumulators, control valves, relief valves, cylinders, and even actuators. In this research study appropriate problem-solving processes are applied, and this helps to comprehend the hydraulic concepts and hydraulic schematic representations. Therefore, it will enhance the knowledge and the capacity of troubleshooting the different hydraulics systems in the cement industry. This will enable the person to stay on top of the industry practices in hydraulics, explore the basics of a hydraulic system by reviewing the types and properties of hydraulic fluids, identifying the symbols used on hydraulic schematic representations, and explaining hydraulic circuit operations based on a schematic design.
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Chmelko, Vladimír, Martin Garan, Miroslav Šulko und Marek Gašparík. „Health and Structural Integrity of Monitoring Systems: The Case Study of Pressurized Pipelines“. Applied Sciences 10, Nr. 17 (31.08.2020): 6023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10176023.
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In the operation of some structures, particularly in energy or chemical industry where pressurized pipeline systems are employed, certain unexpected critical situations may occur, which must be definitely avoided. Otherwise, such situations would result in undesirable damage to the environment or even the endangerment of human life. For example, the occurrence of such nonstandard states can significantly affect the safety of high-pressure pipeline systems. The following paper discusses basic physical prerequisites for assembling the systems that can sense loading states and monitor the operational safety conditions of pressure piping systems in the long-run. The appropriate monitoring system hardware with cost-effective data management was designed in order to enable the real-time monitoring of operational safety parameters. Furthermore, the paper presents the results obtained from the measurements of existing real-time safety monitoring systems for selected pipeline systems.
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Isranuri, Ikhwansyah, und Nur Asnah Sitohang. „Pengembangan Sistem Penyediaan Air Bersih dengan Metode Appropriate Technology di Kelurahan Mekar Sari Kecamatan Rambutan Pemko Tebing Tinggi“. Jurnal Riset Hesti Medan Akper Kesdam I/BB Medan 6, Nr. 1 (01.06.2021): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.34008/jurhesti.v6i1.230.
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Planning for a clean water supply system is a community service program carried out by USU in collaboration with the Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Desa(PMD) of the Pemko Tebing Tinggi. The problem encountered is the unavailability of clean water. This condition can interfere with people's daily activities such as the need for households. The clean water supply system that is implemented is the application of appropriate technology in the sense that it is easy to operate and all components are easy to care for by the public. The purpose of this activity is to provide clean water that meets health requirements, namely colorless, tasteless and odorless. This system is also planned to provide clean water for the next few years. The projection of population growth is also a consideration, which is calculated based on the average population growth data. Based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), the need for clean water for a population with a population of 300 households with the household category is 120 liters per person per day, so the water requirement is 1.67 liters/second. The source of water is obtained by digging 15 meters deep by installing 15 concrete rings with a diameter of 80 cm and a height of 100 cm. Then a pump is installed to suck water and then it is pumped into a poly tank (capacity 2100 liters) storage tank which is located at a height of 5-6 meters. Before flowing from the tank to the pipe, the water is filtered using a filter. For this purpose, a piping installation complete with a valve and a float is designed to automatically close the pipe when the tank is full. The result of water from this system is clean water and suitable for consumption by residents.
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Adhi, Tri Partono, Tanti S. Rosyid, Yusrin Ramli und Antonius Indarto. „Dynamic Evaluation: Centrifugal Compressor’s Operation in Determining Anti-Surge Controller“. Jurnal Otomasi Kontrol dan Instrumentasi 14, Nr. 2 (2022): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/joki.2022.14.2.6.
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Anti-surging is developed for a compressor system consisting of a booster compressor and a high-pressure compressor in a serial circuit. This evaluation presented 6 options of anti-surge systems with variations of the number of Anti-surge Valve (ASV) and its combination with the addition of a Hot Gas Bypass Valve (HGBV) and Cold Gas Bypass Valve (CGBV). From the model evaluation, the option that involves a special ASV (dedicated) for each compressor and coupled with a dedicated CGBV or HGBV is the best because the compressor can be back to normal in less than 1 second (maximum time to return to normal condition is 3 seconds. Referring to these options, a dedicated ASV for each compressor provides more benefits to the security of compressor operation. However, the most appropriate option in the field will return to the issue of cost or ease of modification. For facilities that are running (brownfield), the use of tools that already exist in the field and do a little modification is the most appropriate option, while for the new facility (grassroots project), the single ASV for a compressor circuit is the most optimum as it only involves minimum equipment and configuration as simple as possible piping/instrumentation.
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Ogawa, Akihisa, Shimpei Ono und Hiroshi Onoda. „Environmental and Economic Evaluation of Mechanical Biological Treatment System for Municipal Waste Considering the Political Framework in Ichihara City“. Applied Sciences 11, Nr. 21 (02.11.2021): 10296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112110296.
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Japan’s declining population has caused changes in the amount and characteristics of municipal waste. In order to optimize waste incineration plants as a countermeasure to this problem, we analyzed the performance of the integration of the plants with the Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) system. In the integrated system, food waste and sewage sludge from waste incineration plants, sewage treatment plants, and industrial facilities were mixed and fermented to produce methane gas. In this study, we evaluated the environmental and economic performance of the integrated system in four case scenarios. The integrated system is located in Ichihara City in Chiba Prefecture, where the Keiyo Coastal Industrial Zone is located and where petroleum and chemical industries are concentrated. The MBT system in which the heat generated from the incineration of waste was transferred to the Keiyo Coastal Industrial Zone was found to be the best. This method could reduce CO2 emissions by 1341 t-CO2/Y, and the annual cost was the lowest at 1.60 billion yen/Y. However, the results of the sensitivity analysis of the food waste ratio and the piping distance suggested that it may be impossible to obtain appropriate evaluation results without considering the regional characteristics.
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Hamdani, Hamdani, Adi Saputra Ismy und Muhammad Rizki. „Pengaruh Variasi Arus Pengelasan Kombinasi GTAW dan SMAW terhadap Sifat Mekanik pada Carbon Steel A53 GR B“. Jurnal Teknologi 22, Nr. 2 (29.10.2022): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30811/teknologi.v22i2.3265.
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The piping system in process industry plays an important role and generally is connected by welding where the welding uses a certain current, therefore this study analyzes the appropriate current variation for welding combinations between GTAW and SMAW on A 53 GR B material using 3 variations of currents, namely 70A, 100A, and 120A. The results of the stable hardness test occurred in specimens with a holding time of 20 seconds with a hardness value of 33.67 HRC on base metal 1, on HAZ 1 of 36.00 HRC, 38.83 HRC on weld metal, 38.83 HRC on HAZ 2, on base metal 2 of 32.00 HRC. The value of the impact energy of the A3 specimen with a value of 142 joules and an impact value of 3.55 j/mm2, The value of the impact value of the B3 specimen with a value of 92 joules and an impact value of 2.30 j/mm2.
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Sutrisno, Sutrisno. „Analysis Of Fuel Installation System Design At The Enviromental Of Naval Base“. International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 34, Nr. 2 (24.10.2022): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v34.2.4651.
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The fuel installation system is necessary to support the Indonesian Naval ships to carry out operations. The current condition in the field is that Second Fleet Command does not yet have a fuel installation system. So far, to support Indonesian Naval Warship in carrying out operations using Pertamina's fuel installation pipes which are directly distributed from Pertamina's bunker. As a result, the Navy has become very dependent on Pertamina's performance and this is quite an obstacle. Therefore, the author has an idea to design a fuel installation system that must be owned by the Navy, especially in the Second Fleet Command work area. In this final project, the fuel pipe installation system planning is first carried out starting from the bunker, piping, fittings, and support as a support for the installation based on a standard pipe installation design with a flow capacity of 100 kL/hour. The next stage is the calculation of the head which includes the head loss along the pipe due to friction between the fuel and the surface along the pipe and the head loss due to fittings in the installation so that the total head value of the installation will be obtained. In addition to manual calculations, numerical calculations were also carried out using pipe flow expert v5.12 software. The next step is to determine the power required for both pumps and motors to overcome the installation head and flow capacity designed and select the appropriate pump.
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Hwang, Soon-kyu, Byung-gun Jung und Jong-kap Ahn. „A Novel Proposal for Optimal Performance of Blanket Gas System for FPSOs“. Energies 15, Nr. 18 (18.09.2022): 6820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186820.
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The energy required for the transportation of raw materials and the production of most manufactured goods depends on crude oil. For these reasons, FPSOs (Floating, Production, Storage, and Offloading) have become the primary production units of crude oil offshore. It is leading to an increase in the number and expanding of the production and storage facilities of the FPSOs. An increase in the oil production at the topside facilities of FPSOs will contain more gases, which leads to a rise in blow-by gas. Changes to the blanket gas system may be necessary as the flow rate of the blow-by gas is expected to increase. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a novel blanket gas system with a proper control method for controlling the cargo tank pressure when the blow-by gas is occurring. Unlike the existing system, in this proposal, the purge header that supplies the inert gas is possible for a use of the vent purpose in the situation where the blow-by gas is generated. By using the vent header and purge header for the purpose of venting, the pipe size can be drastically reduced. To quickly convert the purge header for the purpose of venting, the application of an appropriate control method is essential. A simulation was carried out for confirming the efficacy of the pressure control and the processible blow-by gas quantity compared to the existing system. In addition, as the amount of blow-by gas increased, a study on the possibility of installing large pipes used in the existing system configuration and the dual pipes suggested by this proposal was investigated. As a result of the simulation, this proposal presented better results in terms of both the pressure control performance of the cargo tanks and the arrangement of the piping compared to the existing system.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Appropriate Piping System"
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Mukherjee, Roop. „STUDY ON WATER TRANSMISSION PIPELINE FAILURES IN INDIA AND ITS SOLUTION“. Thesis, 2015. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/14335.
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Water transmission main plays an important role in a water supply system. They are the lifelines for human developments. As a matter of fact, with the depletion of water source in the vicinity of urban dwellings and industrial developments, long distance water transmission mains have become inevitable to transport water from sources located at far off distances. Failures of water transmission mains not only lead to wastage of precious water, but also the disruption of service has huge financial and social implications. Therefore it is imperative to design and choose appropriate piping system so as to ensure uninterrupted and sustainable water supply system to the consumers.
In this study a problem on water transmission main in Gadwal region of Mehboobnagar district of Andhra Pradesh has been analysed to provide a technical solution to the problem. Methodologies on pipe selection criteria have been evaluated to arrive at a proper approach for a holistic solution.
Case studies on similar type of problem in transmission mains in other parts of India has also been analysed to have a better understanding of the reasons for failure and the factors affecting the sustenance of the system. The cases of failure have been analysed using high end software like Hytran, SAP and customized MS Excel sheets. The model created in the software has been calibrated by incorporating field data, so as to ensure simulation of the system as to actual ground conditions. The analysis of the model has been done by simulating the probable modes of failure, like steady state analysis and transient analysis. The results generated was also analysed on the basis of material of pipeline used, type of jointing system adopted, protection devices being installed, number and type of pumping system, etc and many other factors comprising a water transmission system.
Further to analyzing the technical issues affecting the performance of a transmission main, it is imperative to understand the techno-commercial, economic, social and cultural factors which contribute to decision making towards implementation of a water supply system. Therefore the study attempts to formulate designs and systems on the basis of Life Cycle Cost Analysis, Ranking of pipelines on different parameters, Economic diameter selection etc. The systems developed will help engineers and planners in decision making towards selection of right piping system for transmission mains.
The study opens up scope for further research on performance of different pipe materials on different site and hydraulic conditions, condition assessment of the existing assets and performance evaluation of the assets already under use. Future research on the said topics will help in effective planning for future developments in water supply system, capital investment programme and preventive maintenance plan.Dr. Anubha Mandal Ms. Geeta Singh Professor Assistant Professor
Buchteile zum Thema "Appropriate Piping System"
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Rowley, C. Wesley, und Thomas M. Musto. „Nonmetallic Pressure Piping System Components“. In Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Codes, Volume 1, Sixth Edition, 12–1. ASME Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.886519_ch12.
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Abstract This chapter discusses the current and future nonmetallic construction codes and standards using nonmetallic plastic polymers. It is divided into four parts. Part A provides an overview of the major nonmetallic materials used in structural applications, namely, thermoplastic materials, thermoset plastic materials, and graphite materials. It describes the importance of a design specification as well as its recommended contents and major aspects. Part A also provides information on two extensively utilized thermoplastic jointing techniques: butt fusion and electro-fusion. Part B and C cover NM-1 and NM-2 Standards, which prescribe requirements for the design, materials, fabrication, erection, inspections, examination, and testing of thermoplastic piping systems and glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-plastic piping systems, respectively. Included within the scope of the NM-1 Standard is thermoplastic piping which interconnects pieces or stages within a packaged equipment assembly. The contents and coverage of the NM-2 Standard address pipe and piping components that are produced as standard products, as well as custom products that are designed for a specific application. Fiberglass-reinforced plastic pipe and piping components manufactured by contact molding, centrifugal casting, filament winding, and other methods are covered. The organization of the NM-3 Standard, addressed in Part D, is modeled on the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section II – Materials. ASME NM-3 addresses material specifications and material properties for both thermoplastic and thermoset plastic with glass reinforcing fibers. The NM-1 and NM-2 Standards reference NM-3 Standard for applicable material specifications and material physical and engineering property data. History Some of the material in this chapter had been originally covered in Chapter 3.6 in the Fourth Edition of the Companion Guide but consistent with the current activity of the ASME Code Committees it was considered appropriate by the authors to cover the efforts of the committee in a separate chapter. The current online edition was updated by C. Wesley Rowley and Thomas M. Musto
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Cipolla, Russell C. „Section XI Flaw Acceptance Criteria and Evaluation Using Code Procedures“. In Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Codes, Volume 2, Sixth Edition, 30–1. ASME Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.886526_ch30.
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Abstract For the sixth edition, this chapter has been updated with revised Code requirements and Code Cases from the 2017 Code and 2019 Code Editions. The important areas of revised requirements and procedures include flaw proximity rules in IWA-3300, change in the yield strength limits from 50 ksi to 90 ksi for selected grades of SA-508 and SA-533, addition of stress intensity factor equations for circumferential OD surface flaws in Appendix A, A-3000, revised procedures for pipe flaw evaluation in Appendix C, C-4000 and C-5300, and an updated glossary terminology/definitions. Several new and revised Code Cases are also discussed to include N-513-5 (temporary acceptance of flaws in moderate energy piping systems), N-705-1 (temporary acceptance of flaws in moderate energy vessels and tanks), N-806-1 (evaluation of wall loss in buried pipe), N-848-1 (proximity rules for quasi-laminar flaws), N-869 (extension of N-513 to higher pressures for Class 2 and 3 piping systems), N-877 (characterization of multiple subsurface radially oriented planar flaws), N-889 (new reference curves for irradiated-assisted stress corrosion cracking growth for austenitic stainless steels), N-899 (weld residual stress reference curves for dissimilar metal welds), and N-890 (materials exempted from Appendix G, G-2110(b) requirements). It is important to note that additional proposal changes are being developed by the committees, some of which are discussed in 30.11. History Arthur F. Deardorff was the original author of this chapter that was updated by Mr. Deardorff in the second edition. For the third through fifth editions, Russell C. Cipolla revised the entire chapter although retaining certain portions of the previous text, equations, tables, and figures. For the current online edition, Mr. Cipolla has updated using 2017 and 2019 Editions, and additional information as appropriate.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Appropriate Piping System"
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Crawford, Anthony L., Robert E. Spears und Mark J. Russell. „Eliminating Conservatism in the Piping System Analysis Process Through Application of a Suite of Locally Appropriate Seismic Input Motions“. In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77814.
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Seismic analysis is of great importance in the evaluation of nuclear systems due to the heavy influence such loading has on their designs. Current Department of Energy seismic analysis techniques for a nuclear safety-related piping system typically involve application of a single conservative seismic input applied to the entire system [1]. A significant portion of this conservatism comes from the need to address the overlapping uncertainties in the seismic input and in the building response that transmits that input motion to the piping system. The approach presented in this paper addresses these two sources of uncertainty through the application of a suite of 32 earthquake realizations with equal probability of occurrence whose collective performance addresses the total uncertainty while each individual motion represents a single variation of it. It represents an extension of the soil-structure interaction analysis methodology of SEI/ASCE 43-05 [2] from the structure to individual piping components. Because this approach is computationally intensive, automation and other measures have been developed to make such an analysis efficient. These measures are detailed in this paper.
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Nie, Jinsuo, Richard J. Morante, Charles H. Hofmayer und Syed A. Ali. „Assessing Equivalent Viscous Damping Using Piping System Test Results“. In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25465.
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The specification of damping for nuclear piping systems subject to seismic-induced motions has been the subject of many studies and much controversy. Damping estimation based on test data can be influenced by numerous factors, consequently leading to considerable scatter in damping estimates in the literature. At present, nuclear industry recommendations and nuclear regulatory guidance are not consistent on the treatment of damping for analysis of nuclear piping systems. Therefore, there is still a need to develop a more complete and consistent technical basis for specification of appropriate damping values for use in design and analysis. This paper summarizes the results of recent damping studies conducted at Brookhaven National Laboratory.
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Hyde, T. H., C. J. Hyde und W. Sun. „A Basis for Selecting the Most Appropriate Small Specimen Creep Test Type“. In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78463.
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Many components in conventional and nuclear power plant, aero-engines, chemical plant etc, operate at temperatures which are high enough for creep to occur. These include plain pipes, pipe bends, branched pipes etc; the manufacture of such components may also require welds to be inserted in them. In most cases, only nominal operating conditions (i.e. pressure, temperatures, system load etc) are known and hence precise life predictions are not possible. Also, the proportion of life consumed will vary from position to position within a component and the plant. Hence, non-destructive techniques are adopted to assist in making decisions on whether to repair, continue operating or scrap certain components. One such approach is to use scoop samples removed from the components to make small creep test specimens, i.e., sub-size uniaxial creep test specimens, impression creep test specimens, small punch creep test specimens and small ring creep test specimens. Each specimen type has its own unique advantages and disadvantages and it may not be obvious which one is the most appropriate test method to use. This paper gives a brief description of each specimen and associated test type and describes their practical limitations. The suitability of each of the methods for determining “bulk” material properties is described and it is shown that an appropriate test type can be chosen.
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Jenco, John M., Donna R. Keck und Gary L. Johnson. „Managing the Cost of Plant Piping System Leakage“. In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22193.
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Recent studies have shown that the average annual cost impact of external piping system leakage on commercial nuclear plant operations and maintenance can easily range into the millions of dollars for each reactor unit. Evidence suggests that this significant O&M cost reduction opportunity has largely been overlooked, due to the number of diverse line items and budget areas affected. Results released last year from an EPRI pilot study of more than a dozen reactor units at seven plant sites operated by multiple utilities found that the average annual cost impact was indeed around $1.6 million per year per unit. Subsequent field experience has also demonstrated that an effective fluid leak management program can substantially reduce these costs within the first three years of implementation. This paper presents the general cost impact research results from various studies, outlines key elements of an effective plant fluid leak management program, discusses important implementation issues, and presents results from case studies covering different utility approaches to developing and implementing an effective fluid leak management program. Actual cost data will be included where appropriate.
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Lee, Sang-Min, Yoon-Suk Chang und Young-Jin Kim. „Probabilistic Fracture Mechanics Assessment of Wall-Thinned Nuclear Piping System“. In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71284.
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The integrity of nuclear piping systems must be maintained during operation. In order to maintain the integrity, reliable assessment procedures including fracture mechanics analysis, etc, are required. Up to now, the integrity assessment has been performed using conventional deterministic approaches even though there are many uncertainties to hinder a rational evaluation. In this respect, probabilistic approach is considered as an appropriate method for piping system evaluation. The objectives of this paper are to develop a probabilistic assessment program using reliability index and simulation technique and to estimate the failure probability of wall-thinned pipes in secondary systems. The probabilistic assessment program consists of three evaluation modules that are: first order reliability method, second order reliability method and crude Monte Carlo simulation method. The developed program has been applied to evaluate failure probabilities of wall-thinned piping system subjected to internal pressure, global bending moment and combined loading. The evaluation results showed a promising applicability of the probabilistic integrity assessment program.
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Watakabe, Tomoyoshi, Takahiro Okuda und Satoshi Okajima. „Seismic Assessment of Crossover Piping on a Sodium Cooled Fast Reactor With Three-Dimensional Isolation System“. In ASME 2022 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-85412.
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Abstract A three-dimensional seismic isolation system is planed for application to the conceptual design of a sodium-cooled fast reactor in Japan. The main steam crossover piping is laid between the nuclear building with the isolation system and the turbine building without the isolation system. A large displacement of the nuclear building with the isolation system is imposed on the crossover piping, which situation is a particular seismic issue because of the isolation system employment. Furthermore, because the SFR operates at elevated temperatures compared with light water reactors, the crossover steam piping design must comply with the design code for elevated temperature components. In this study, seismic evaluation using an example of a crossover piping layout was performed in accordance with the elevated temperature code of Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers. According to the evaluation results and the up to date technologies such as knowledge obtained from existing dynamic failure tests of piping components, an appropriate seismic evaluation method for the crossover piping was studied to realize the sodium-cooled fast reactor with a three-dimensional isolation system.
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Cohn, Marvin J. „Risk-Based Inspection Applied to Main Steam and Hot Reheat Piping Systems“. In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2007-26375.
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Many utilities select critical welds in their main steam (MS) and hot reheat (HRH) piping systems by considering some combination of design-based stresses, terminal point locations, and fitting weldments. The conventional methodology results in frequent inspections of many low risk areas and the neglect of some high risk areas. This paper discusses the use of a risk-based inspection (RBI) strategy to select the most critical inspection locations, determine appropriate reexamination intervals, and recommend the most important corrective actions for the piping systems. The high energy piping life consumption (HEPLC) strategy applies cost effective RBI principles to enhance inspection programs for MS and HRH piping systems. Using a top-down methodology, this strategy is customized to each piping system, considering applicable effects, such as expected damage mechanisms, previous inspection history, operating history, measured weldment wall thicknesses, observed support anomalies, and actual piping thermal displacements. This information can be used to provide more realistic estimates of actual time-dependent multiaxial stresses. Finally, the life consumption estimates are based on realistic weldment performance factors. Risk is defined as the product of probability and consequence. The HEPLC strategy considers a more quantitative probability assessment methodology as compared to most RBI approaches. Piping stress and life consumption evaluations, considering existing field conditions and inspection results, are enhanced to reduce the uncertainty in the quantitative probability of failure value for each particular location and to determine a more accurate estimate for future inspection intervals. Based on the results of many HEPLC projects, the author has determined that most of the risk (regarding failure of the pressure boundary) in MS and HRH piping systems is associated with a few high priority areas that should be examined at appropriate intervals. The author has performed many studies using RBI principles for MS and HRH piping systems over the past 15 years. This life management strategy for MS and HRH critical welds is a rational approach to determine critical weldment locations for examinations and to determine appropriate reexamination intervals as a risk-based evaluation technique. Both consequence of failure (COF) and likelihood of failure (LOF) are considered in this methodology. This paper also provides a few examples of the application of this methodology to MS and HRH piping systems.
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Shi, Jinhua, Granson Lee, David Blythe, John Buckland, Yuebao Lei und Timothy Soanes. „Stress Predictions at Elbow Ends Under Internal Pressure and System Moments“. In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25055.
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In order to assess postulated defects in the butt weld joining a 90 degree elbow to a seamless straight pipe, both axial and hoop stress components at this position are required. ASME III NB-3685 provides a method of calculating elbow stresses. However, this gives the maximum stress values in the elbow and applies to the central section of the bend. If these values are directly used in the defect assessments of welds at the ends of the elbow, the assessment results will be overly conservative. In order to obtain appropriate defect assessment results, more accurate axial and hoop stress distributions at the elbow ends are desirable. In this paper, the axial and hoop stress distributions at the elbow ends are predicted by deriving generalized stress relationships between the elbow end and the central section of the elbow, based on detailed finite element analyses and ASME III NB-3685 calculations. In order to do so, a series of small displacement elastic 3D finite element analyses have been performed. The finite element results were then compared with the ASME III NB-3685 stress predictions. Finally, the axial and hoop stress relationships between the elbow end and the central section of the elbow for internal pressure, in-plane moment and out-of-plane moment were derived. A comparison of the calculated stress values using the derived equations, the finite element analysis results and the ASME III NB-3685 stress calculations confirms that the derived stress relationships are appropriate to predict the axial and hoop stresses at the elbow ends. The objective of this paper is to show: 1) the ASME III NB-3685 stress calculations agree well with the 3D finite element analysis results at the central section of the elbow and 2) the derived stress relationships are appropriate to predict the axial and hoop stresses at the elbow ends.
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Tsai, C. S., Yung-Chang Lin und H. C. Su. „Multiple Yield and Bounding Surfaces Model for Analysis of Multiple Friction Pendulum System“. In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77307.
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In order to systematically investigate the mechanical characteristic of a multiple friction pendulum system with more than two concave sliding interfaces and one articulated slider located between these concave sliding interfaces, on the basis of the plasticity theory, a plasticity model called the multiple yield and bounding surfaces model is proposed in addition to analytical formulations derived from the proposed concept of subsystems in this study. The proposed model has two separate groups of multiple yield and bounding surfaces. The first group is adopted to describe the mechanical behavior of the subsystem including the concave sliding interfaces above the articulated slider and the second group is used for modeling the sliding characteristic of the subsystem representing the concave sliding interfaces below the articulated slider. The connection of these two subsystems in series forms the mechanical characteristic of the entire MFPS isolation system. By virtue of the proposed model, the phenomena of the sliding motions of the MFPS isolator with multiple concave sliding interfaces under cyclical loadings can be clearly understood. Analytical results infer that the natural frequency and damping effect of the MFPS isolator with multiple concave sliding interfaces change continually during earthquakes and are controllable through appropriate designs.
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Asayama, Tai, Masaki Morishita, Nobuchika Kawasaki und Koji Dozaki. „Development of System Based Code for Structural Integrity of FBRS“. In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1241.
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This paper introduces a newly started study that aims to expand the basic concept of the system based code for structural integrity, which has been proposed by Asada et al [1,2], for application to fast breeder reactors (FBRs) [3]. The System Based Code for FBR (FBR System Based Code) offers more reasonable structural integrity assessment methods for relatively important components of FBR than current codes and standards do, to enable profound improvement both in reliability and lifetime cost-effectiveness. It will be realized by margin optimization through an integrated evaluation of all the technical fields that affect structural integrity at the stage of design. Those fields are the prerequisites of design, material, design analysis, fabrication and installation, preservice inspection, operation, inservice inspection, and repair and replacement. For margin optimization, three promising methods, failure probability assessment, application of quality assurance index, and the introduction of “systematized design factors” were proposed. The FBR System Based Code will consist of a control code and partial codes. The former takes care of margin optimization while the latter offers various options of technologies and engineering tools among which a designer can chose the most appropriate one according to various requirements to be fulfilled. Partial codes will be developed for each technical field that is dealt with in the code. Technologies that need to be developed for the development of the FBR system Based code were also clarified.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Appropriate Piping System"
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Norfleet, Quickel und Beavers. PR-186-12204-R02 Guidelines on the Effects of Ethanol on Pump Stations and Terminal Facilities. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), Juni 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010673.
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Ethanol has been used for the last several years as an environmentally friendly alternative to methyl tertbutyl ether (MTBE), which is an oxygenate additive to gasoline, to increase octane levels, and to facilitate the combustion process. However, the need to find alternatives to imported oil and gas has spurred the increased use of ethanol as an alternative fuel source. Further, ethanol is being promoted as a potential trade-off for CO2 emissions from the burning of fossil fuels since CO2 is consumed by the plants used as the ethanol source. Legislation mandates a significant increase in ethanol usage as fuel over the next twenty years. The widespread use of ethanol will require efficient and reliable transportation from diverse ethanol producers to distribution terminals. Pipelines are, by far, the most cost-effective means of transporting large quantities of liquid hydrocarbons over long distances. For transporting ethanol, both existing pipeline infrastructure and new pipeline construction are being contemplated. In companion PRCI projects, the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of pipeline steels and the performance of select elastomer seals/gaskets have been studied in fuel grade ethanol (FGE). The SCC study not only included piping grade steel, but also a cast steel that could be used in pumps. Many of the issues related to corrosion of pipeline steels have been resolved in these projects. However, to address completely the effect of ethanol and gasoline-ethanol blends in pipeline systems, investigation of the effects of ethanol on other components, such as pumps, valves, screens, springs, and metering devices was required. These components have different materials (e.g., non-ferrous alloys), different types of loading, and different exposure conditions. This report serves as a guidance document for identifying and selecting appropriate materials of construction that are exposed to ethanol and ethanol blends pumped and stored at pump stations and terminal facilities. The guidelines provided in this document are a culmination of knowledge gained from industry surveys, literature reviews, long-term testing programs, and past performance.