Thematische Bibliographien / Athletes

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Athletes“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 4. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 9. Juni 2025

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Athletes"

Darvin, Lindsey, Alicia Cintron, and Meg Hancock. "¿Por qué jugar? Sport socialization among Hispanic/Latina female NCAA division I student-athletes." Journal of Amateur Sport 3, no. 2 (July 25, 2017): 27–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jas.v3i2.6460.

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Representation of Hispanics/Latinas in intercollegiate athletics is lacking. During the 2014-2015 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) athletic season, only 2.2 percent of all female Division I student-athlete’s identified as Hispanic or Latina (NCAA, 2015). This low percentage of Hispanic/Latina female participants calls into question how these young women become involved in athletics and sustain their involvement within sport. While previous research has examined the socialization processes of youth athletes and parents of youth athlete participants, there is little research aimed at examining these processes for elite-level athlete participants (Dorsch, Smith, & McDonough, 2015; Greendorfer, Blinde, & Pellegrini, 1986;). Thus, the aim of this current study was to examine the potential factors that may have contributed to consistent sport participation for an elite group of Hispanic/Latina female athletes throughout their youth and collegiate careers. Participants for this study identified as current NCAA Division I Hispanic/Latina female student-athletes. Results showed that family, specifically parents and siblings, contributed to socializing Hispanic/Latina athletes into sport, while family and coaches contributed to the persistence of their athletic endeavors. Findings also show a sense of cultural indifference, youth coaches who invested in the participants long-term, and a significant involvement of the patriarch of the family in their athletic success.

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Laurel, Dacus, Castagno Christopher, Castagno Ciara, Gontre Gil, and Weiss William M. "Impact of Traumatic Sports Injury on an Athlete’s Psychological Wellbeing, Adherence to Sport and Athletic Identity." Journal of Sports Medicine and Therapy 8, no. 3 (September 20, 2023): 036–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.jsmt.1001070.

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Introduction: Sports injuries can affect athletes across all ages, sexes, and levels of competition. The mental aspect of acute sports injury is often overlooked by coaches, trainers, and medical professionals. This study investigated if and how an acute traumatic sports injury affects an athlete’s psychological well-being, adherence to sport, and athletic identity. Methods: The study consisted of surveys sent to former or current athletes over 18 with one or more athletic injuries. The Qualtrics surveys were anonymous, and participants consented to the study within the survey. Results: There were 101 total participants (20.2% response rate) with an average age of 36. All reported one or more acute athletic injuries throughout their athletic careers. Specific survey sets were compared against each other using a variable correlation analysis (p - value < 0.05) and via Pearson’s Correlation. Conclusion: The results indicated that injury impacts the lives of athletes most significantly on the field and can harm their performance based on their perception of the severity of the injury. However, this decline in performance and decrease in confidence does not correlate to an athlete’s desire to leave their sport or how they identify as being an athlete. Takeaways: 1) The stronger an individual identifies as being an athlete, the more likely they are to continue their sports career after an injury. 2) An athlete’s self-worth after an injury significantly impacts their feelings outside athletics. 3) For athletes emotionally impacted by their acute traumatic injury, the injury was a significant factor regarding their athletic performance.

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Deliautaitė, Karolina, Silvija Baubonytė, Inga Staškevičiūtė-Butienė, and Irena Valantinė. "Athlete Brand Development in Social Media: Analysis of Students’ Attitudes." Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences 2, no. 121 (July 5, 2021): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v2i121.1086.

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Background. Athlete brand image management is one of the most popular topics of discussion in sport management right now. As professional sport has become a commercialised industry segment with more athletes involved, athletes are becoming promotional faces. Most professional athletes are involved in the use of social networks. There athletes actively demonstrate their personal lives, professional accents and advertise products. It is important to understand and analyse the impact of social networks on an athlete’s brand and ways to properly position themselves in social media. Using social networks, athletes are closer to fans and consumers than ever before. Based on and applying the Athlete Brand model developed by Arai (2010), this study aimed to investigate students’ attitudes towards athletes’ self-positioning on social networks. Methods. The study involved 367 students (151 men and 216 women) from three Lithuanian universities. The Arai (2010) questionnaire was used for the study. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 26.0. Results. It has been found that athletes’ sports performance is statistically significant in the development of a professional athlete’s brand, it is the fundamental aspect that creates the initial status of athlete’s brand. Results showed that the strongest direct causal link was found between an athlete’s athletic performance and lifestyle. It was also found that very strong links, in the opinion of the respondents, were between the athletes’ communication and behaviours. Conclusions. When building an athlete’s brand, it is important to pay attention to three key components: athletic performance, attractive appearance, and marketable lifestyle. These three uses of an athlete’s brand can be explained by specific aspects of sports competitions or components of personal life. However, one of the most important factors in shaping a positive image of an athlete is athletic achievements. Practical implications. This study can provide a consistent consumer approach to key aspects, focusing on consumer attention in athlete positioning. This can help the athlete and marketers develop an appropriate personal branding and positioning strategy in social media, which will then broaden the circle of fans and strengthen the opinion of loyal fans. Athlete’s brand is a set of closely interrelated and fan-centred physical, functional, aesthetic, and emotional elements that sets athlete’s brand apart from competitors and creates financial benefits for the athlete. The brand creates benefits not only for the athlete, but also for the market participants around him/her (consumer/fan, commercial brand), which can be called the functions of the brand. Keywords: Athlete’s image, social network, brand relationship.

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Coffey, Lisa, and Armani Davis. "The Holistic Approach to Academia: Traditional Classroom Instruction and Experiential Learning of Student-Athletes." Education Sciences 9, no. 2 (June 7, 2019): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci9020125.

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National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) student-athletes represent a unique subculture on college campuses, and the athlete must balance the rigors of coursework, athletics, and the non-traditional dynamics associated with being an athlete, which include “dumb jock” stereotypes, isolation, negative criticism, and the fear associated with athletic retirement. Unlike non-athletes, these students face increasing pressure from outside sources, including family, coaches, and fans, to be the best. However, participation in athletics gives student-athletes an opportunity to learn valuable skills and characteristics that are transferrable to the workplace. This mixed-method research extracted descriptive data to identify the characteristics learned through athletics, the skill-sets potential employers value the most, and how those skills are transferable to the workplace. Those characteristics include refined leadership, communication skills, and an ability to multi-task with a laser-sharp focus. Student-athletes are assertive, driven, understand the concept of teamwork, and handle constructive criticism without adverse reactions. The results show that when student-athletes engage in the classroom and absorb the learning opportunities provided through athletics, student-athletes can have a competitive advantage in the job marketplace.

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Dennis, Dennis Dwi Kurniawan, Soni Nopembri, and Eddy Purnomo. "Relationship between anxiety levels and the performance of early adolescent athletic athletes in trirace numbers." Retos 48 (March 16, 2023): 742–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v48.97269.

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This study aims to examine the relationship between athlete anxiety and triathlete performance in early adolescent athletes. The subjects consisted of 95 athletes who participated in the junior high school O2SN championship. This research was conducted in one day, the anxiety instrument was administered after the championship and the athlete's performance was calculated based on the overall athlete's achievement, which was obtained from the competition committee's official results. The Sport Anxiety Scale 2 (SAS-2) is used in the anxiety instrument, which consists of 15 questions, plus 9 questions about the difficulties of athletes in carrying out competitions for each race number, which are taken from the World Athletics Federation (WAF) manual on the rules or race flow of each race number. The relationship between anxiety and triathlete performance in early adolescent athletics is investigated using Pearson correlation analysis. There is a very strong negative correlation between anxiety and tri-race performance of early adolescent athletes with r = -0.834, and the long jump number is a race number with a high level of anxiety and difficulty based on early adolescent athletes’ perception results. Key words: Anxiety Level, Early Adolescent Athlete Performance, Tri-race Athletics

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Linsner, Annika, Brad Hill, Kirstin Hallmann, and Popi Sotiriadou. "Developing an Athlete Brand Identity Scale using Rasch analysis." Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal 10, no. 4 (May 19, 2020): 431–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbm-09-2019-0075.

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PurposeThis study identifies important dimensions of the athlete brand identity construct incorporating the athlete perspective. It also uses Rasch analysis to provide a practical tool (the Athlete Brand Identity Scale) to measure how closely an athlete's personal brand identity is aligned with their perceived brand image.Design/methodology/approachReference to existing athlete branding measurement tools and consultation with ten athlete experts generated (74) items considered important to an athlete brand. Two different response scales were then used to test those items in wider surveys of athletes and consumers. This allowed for further scale development and measurement of congruence between an athlete's self-image and the brand image held by consumers (within the same survey). Factor analysis and Rasch analysis were carried out to refine the item pool and assess item measurement properties to establish a concise scale for determining athlete brand identity.FindingsResults show successful identification of four dimensions of athlete brand identity measurement: athletic integrity, athletic success, fan engagement and character traits, informed development of the Athlete Brand Identity Scale (ABIdS). The unique and significant aspect of the ABIdS is its capacity to incorporate the athlete's perspective into brand management.Practical implicationsThe ABIdS can be utilised by early-career athletes to plan and prioritise branding efforts whilst established athletes can identify incongruence between self-image and consumer perceptions. Such gaps can be evaluated and branding activities modified accordingly. This will enable athletes to better access corporate support/sponsorship thereby reducing reliance on public funds.Originality/valueThe major difference between the ABIdS and other existing scales in the athlete brand research domain is the focus on the athlete perspective, as opposed to the consumer perspectives. Evaluating consumer perspectives does not explain how athletes perceive their own brand or how their own perception of their brand compares to that of people external to the brand (fans and consumers). The ABIdS developed in this study has the potential to achieve this objective as its design was driven by athlete perceptions but tested on both athletes and consumers.

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Park, Joon-Hyuk, Chitra Banarjee, Jirui Fu, Cynthia White-Williams, Rachel Coel, Tracy Zaslow, Holly Benjamin, Florianne Silva, Rock Vomer, and George Pujalte. "Youth athletes and wearable technology." F1000Research 13 (November 18, 2024): 1381. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.156207.1.

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Wearable sensors have become integral tools for monitoring biomechanical and physiologic aspects of athletic training and performance. A prominent trend in fitness technology, wearable devices now measure a variety of health characteristics, including movement and posture, physiologic measures (eg, heart rate and energy expenditure), and fluid and electrolyte losses, to understand an athlete’s physiologic responses during activity. Sleep has proven integral to athletic performance, and sleep monitoring wearable devices (eg, watches, rings, and headbands) use various measures, such as actigraphy and pulse oximetry, to analyze sleep quality. Young athletes benefit from wearable devices during training sessions, where multimodal data are collected and analyzed to assess performance. Wearable devices are also useful for resistance training, biofeedback, and electrical muscle stimulation, providing athletes with tools to optimize their training regimens. Moreover, these devices play a crucial role in athlete safety by monitoring cardiac physiology, head impacts, and muscle rehabilitation after injury. We provide a comprehensive review of current wearable technology and its application in youth athletics, describe where and how these sensors are used to help enhance physiologic, biomechanical, and performance parameters, and discuss future directions for wearable devices to advance sports science and athlete management.

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Croft, Chris, Alison Fridley, B. Nalani Butler, Trevor Bopp, Chris Corr, and Sarah Stokowski. "Career Maturity of Division III Athletes." Sports Innovation Journal 5 (November 26, 2024): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/28146.

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NCAA student-athletes often become engulfed in their athletic role. While athletic role engulfment positively correlates to salient athletic identity, Division III student-athletes tend to identify with a diverse role set. Extant research has found that the prevalence of salient athletic identity among Division I student- athletes poses as a structural limitation to educational attainment and professional development. Given the unique philosophy of Division III athletics, such athletic identity formation is mitigated. Accordingly, the present study sought to examine demographic and psychographic factors of Division III student-athletes in relation to career maturity. Division III targeted populations that this information can greatly assist are university administration and intercollegiate athletic staff, including athletic directors and student-athlete support areas. Analysis of responses from a representative sample of more than 300 student-athletes (n = 301) indicates that psychometric factors are better indicators of career maturity than demographic factors. Given the emphasis on holistic athletic development in Division III and the corresponding mitigation of salient athletic identity formation, such findings are indicative of the importance of holistic athlete development on the career maturity of student-athletes.

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Kroshus, Emily, Jessica Wagner, David Wyrick, Amy Athey, Lydia Bell, Holly J. Benjamin, Michael A. Grandner, et al. "Wake up call for collegiate athlete sleep: narrative review and consensus recommendations from the NCAA Interassociation Task Force on Sleep and Wellness." British Journal of Sports Medicine 53, no. 12 (May 16, 2019): 731–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-100590.

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Sleep is an important determinant of collegiate athlete health, well-being and performance. However, collegiate athlete social and physical environments are often not conducive to obtaining restorative sleep. Traditionally, sleep has not been a primary focus of collegiate athletic training and is neglected due to competing academic, athletic and social demands. Collegiate athletics departments are well positioned to facilitate better sleep culture for their athletes. Recognising the lack of evidence-based or consensus-based guidelines for sleep management and restorative sleep for collegiate athletes, the National Collegiate Athletic Association hosted a sleep summit in 2017. Members of the Interassociation Task Force on Sleep and Wellness reviewed current data related to collegiate athlete sleep and aimed to develop consensus recommendations on sleep management and restorative sleep using the Delphi method. In this paper, we provide a narrative review of four topics central to collegiate athlete sleep: (1) sleep patterns and disorders among collegiate athletes; (2) sleep and optimal functioning among athletes; (3) screening, tracking and assessment of athlete sleep; and (4) interventions to improve sleep. We also present five consensus recommendations for colleges to improve their athletes’ sleep.

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Wiginton, Kristin L., and Deborah Rhea. "Cognitive Mapping: Its Use as an Assessment Tool for Disordered Eating." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 8, no. 2 (October 1999): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.8.2.63.

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The incidence of eating disorders among female athletes continues to increase, presenting intervention challenges to athletic trainers. Additionally, a number of female athletes have disordered eating behaviors that do not yet constitute an eating disorder diagnosis, but have similar characteristics to those athletes diagonised with eating disorders. However, each athlete exhibits individual mental representations of disordered eating and the impact of those representations on important aspects of her life. The athletic trainer has the potential to offer comprehensive preventive education when all aspects of the athlete’s own understanding of disordered eating are assessed. Cognitive mapping is an assessment technique that can be used in addition to other preventive practices and can be useful in determining an athlete’s current mental representations of disordered eating.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Athletes"

Kinugasa, Taisuke. "Individualized assessment of conditioning for elite athletes /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18053.pdf.

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Sandström, Elin. "REFLECTIONS ON ATHLETE-COACH RELATIONSHIP IN THE COURSE OF ATHLETIC CAREER: ATHLETES’ PERSPECTIVE." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-19743.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamics in the athlete-coach relationship in the course of athletic career, from the perspective of one individual sport athlete and one team sport athlete. The study tried to answer the following questions: (1) How one team sport athlete and one individual sport athlete perceive the athlete-coach relationships at different stages of the athletic career? (2) How the athlete-coach relationships change in the course of the athletic career from the perspective of a team sport athlete and an individual sport athlete? (3) How athletes perceive the characteristics of their most influential coaches? As theoretical frameworks the 3+1Cs conceptualization of coach-athlete relationship (Jowett, 2007), the multidimensional model of leadership (Chelladurai, 1990), and the developmental model on transitions faced by athletes (Wylleman & Lavallee, 2004) were used. In-depth narrative interviews were used. One team sport athlete and one individual sport athlete that had been active in their sport for at least 10 years were interviewed. Four analyses were made: sjuzet-fabula analysis, holistic-content analysis, categorical-content analysis, and critical narrative analysis. Poetic representations were used to present parts of the results. The results show that the athletes perceive their relationship to their coach differently in different stages of their career. They perceived the athlete-coach relationship as dynamic in structure. Finally their most influential coach could be found in the developmental stage of their career and this coach was important to them in different ways. The results were discussed in relation to theoretical frameworks and previous research.<br>Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka dynamiken i relationen mellan idrottare och tränare under idrottarens karriär detta från en lagidrottare och en individuell idrottares perspektiv. Studien försökte svara på följande frågor: (1). Hur upplever en lagidrottare och en individuell idrottare relationen till tränaren under olika stadier av idrottskarriären? (2.) Hur relationen mellan tränare och idrottare förändras under idrottskarriärens gång ur en lagidrottares och en individuell idrottares perspektiv? (3). Hur upplever idrottarna deras mest inflytelserika tränares egenskaper? Som teoretisktramverk användes 3+1Cs begreppsmässighet av relationen mellan tränare och idrottare (Jowett, 2007), den multidimensionella modellen av ledarskap (Chelladurai, 1990), och utvecklingsmodellen för övergångar upplevda av idrottare (Wylleman & Lavallee, 2004). Djupgående narrativa intervjuer användes. En lagidrottare och en individuell idrottare som varit aktiv i minst 10 år intervjuades. Fyra analyser utfördes: sjuzet-fabula analys, holistisk innehållsanalys, kategorisk innehållsanalys, och kritisk narrativ analys. Poetisk representation användes för att presenterar delar av resultatet. Resultatet visade att idrottarna upplevde deras tränare olika i olika steg i deras karriär. De upplevde relationen mellan idrottare och tränare som dynamisk i sin struktur. Slutligen kunde deras mest inflytelserikaste tränare hittas i utvecklingssteget i deras karriär och tränaren var viktig för dem på olika sätt. Resultaten diskuterades i förhållande till teoretiskt ramverka och tidigare forskning.

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Southwick, Carla. "The Risk of the Female Athlete Triad in Collegiate Athletes and Non-Athletes." DigitalCommons@USU, 2008. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/66.

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Prior research has found the female athlete triad in both female athletes and female non-athletes. This study consisted of 192 female participants attending Utah State University with 103 collegiate athletes and 89 non-athletes. The instruments used included the EAT-26, menstrual cycle history questionnaire, osteoporosis questionnaire, and time spent in exercise questionnaire. Results from the present study found a statistically significant difference between athletes and non-athletes being at risk for the triad with female athletes having a higher percentage (4.8%, 3.4%). No statistical significant correlation was found between the risk of the triad and excessive amounts of time spent in exercise in athletes (r=.113, p=.256) and non-athletes (r=-.041, p=.706). When athletes were divided into lean and non-lean athletes statistical significance was found with non-lean (17.4%) sport athletes (χ²(1,N=103)=83.971, p<.01) having a higher overall percentage of being at risk of the triad compared to the athletes involved in lean (5%) sports.

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Wildman, Jonathan C. "The athlete leader role : interaction of gender, sport type, and coaching style /." Access full text online:, 2006. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-5486:1.

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Valbuena, Michele Joan Dalman. "A study of athlete engagement, athlete identity and individualism: Collectivism cultural behaviours among Filipino Athletes compared with US American Athletes." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2015. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/183d71286aee9bc543927153bf592a762f7d8254e9459adcbbee0d57884b6eca/1404685/Valbuena_2015_Study_of_athlete_engagement_athlete_identity.pdf.

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The focus of this study is the Filipino athlete, how they engage with their sport and the influence in this process of their cultural background and the way in which they construct their personal identity as athletes. These aspects are further studied in comparison with a sample of their US American counterparts. Athlete Engagement (AE) is a fairly new concept in sport psychology. It has been developed from the concept of employee engagement in industrial/organizational psychology where it was operationalised with the dimensions of vigour, dedication and absorption (Hakanen, Schaufeli & Aloha, 2008). Similar dimensions were explored in the first two research studies on AE by Lonsdale, Hodge and Raedeke (2007) and Lonsdale, Hodge and Jackson (2007). AE has been found to be “a persistent, positive, cognitive-affective experience in sport characterized by confidence, dedication and vigour” (2007, p.451). The first study in the present enquiry surveyed 70 Filipino and 62 US American athletes. AE was explored in relation to the athletic identity and the individualism- collectivism cultural behaviours of these athletes. AE was measured through the use of the Athlete Engagement Questionnaire (AEQ); athletic identity was measured through the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale-Plus (AIMS-Plus); and individualism- collectivism cultural behaviours were measured through the Auckland Individualism Collectivism Scale (AICS). No differences were found between the levels of global AE reported for the two national groups (p=.489). However at the level of the subscales the US sample engaged with greater confidence (p=.014) and dedication (p=.001) whereas the Filipino group engaged with more vigor (p=.023) and enthusiasm (p=.044). There was no difference found between the two groups for their individualist behaviours (p=.236) or the strength of their athletic identities (p=.739). It was therefore concluded on the basis of these findings that, regardless of their national cultural background, athletes were primarily individualistic and had high levels of athletic identity. The second study sought to explore these differences further through the use of qualitative techniques. Following the model applied by Lonsdale, Hodge and Raedeke (2007) with a sample of New Zealand athletes, the Scanlan Collaborative Interview Method was used to gather information from 10 Filipino and 10 US American athletes. It was found that although both samples experienced the same engagement dimensions, their experiences were also strongly influenced by their cultural orientation identified as spirituality' among the Filipinos and 'character' among the US American athletes. Both spirituality and character were initially considered as AE dimensions before being interpreted as moderating variables. The third study examined differences in the way that athletes engage at two different points in the same season, namely before and after a major competition. Filipino (n=26) and US American athletes (n=l 8) from two university elite soccer teams were the subjects. Surveys were conducted two weeks before their major tournament and two weeks following. Two-way ANOVA with level of AE as the dependent variable, showed no main effect for time (p=.990) but a significant main effect for nationality (p=.013). The US athletes reported significantly higher levels of engagement both before and after the competition. There were no interactions observed (p=.243). Stepwise regression analysis showed that for the US American athletes a model with AI as a significant variable (p<.001; p=.013) was able to significantly predict AE both at the pre- competition stage (R square = .554) and at the post- competition stage (R square=.559) . For the Filipino samples a model containing both individualism (p=.001) and collectivism (p=.017) strongly predicted engagement at the pre- competition stage (R square=.637), whereas at the post competition stage a model (R square=.585) containing only the variable AI (p<.000) provided the best prediction of engagement. It was concluded that the explanation for these differences lay in the interaction of national cultural characteristics with the specific socio-environmental circumstances experienced by the athletes themselves. It is concluded from this program of studies that the concept of AI has relevance in enhancing AE even where cultural and socio-economic circumstances might provide obstacles to optimal achievement in sport. As such awareness of this is important for athletes, coaches, trainers and sport psychologists in collectivist cultures as they work together to create and implement training programs for athletes to help them perform at the optimal level.

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Johnson, Joshua Spencer. "Differences in male and female athletes and their perceptions of an ideal coach with respect to locus of control, competitiveness, goal-orientation and win-orientation." Online version, 2003. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2003/2003johnsonj.pdf.

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Zhang, Yang Sunny. "Professional wushu athletes| Potential athletic/personal dissonance." Thesis, San Jose State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1568016.

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<p> The success of Chinese professional athletes is attributable to the government-run elite sport system; it is seen as one of the most effective and successful systems at nurturing high-skilled athletes. However, within the Chinese professional sport system, tensions between athletes' athletic skills and overall personal development have been widely documented. Among all studies, very few have employed in-depth interviews with professional wushu athletes. In this study, the researcher utilized in-depth semi-structured interviews with professional wushu athletes from three of the 25 professional wushu teams in mainland China. The study was conducted in order to understand the potential conflicts between athletes' athletic skills development and overall personal development. Findings revealed that athletes bear the training at great cost to their future potential as self-sufficient members of Chinese society. Their academic, social, and vocational skills are subject to deep neglect that negatively impacts their post-competition careers. The system considers investment in preparation for the post-competitive lives of the athletes to be a distraction from, or even an impediment to, their success in competition. It is suggested that the Chinese sport system undertake a review and reformation of its approach to wushu training to provide athletes with the skills needed to successfully navigate a life outside of athletics.</p>

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Gouw, Patrick. "Griekse atleten in de Romeinse keizertijd (31 v. Chr. - 400 n. Chr.)." Amsterdam : Vossiuspers UvA, 2009. http://site.ebrary.com/id/10363470.

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Malekos, Andrea. "The use of dietary supplements among elite national athletes, varsity athletes and non-athletic university students." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0015/MQ49640.pdf.

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Armenth-Brothers, Francine R. "Freshmen athletes' perceptions of adjustment to intercollegiate athletics." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/941365.

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The purposes of this study were to determine the adjustment of freshman athletes to intercollegiate athletics and to determine the validity of the Perceptions of Adjustment to Sports Questionnaire (PASQ), which was created for this research. The results of a pilot study that included 62 freshman intercollegiate athletes indicated that Rule 48 status, time of season, residence, interscholastic athletic experience, team cohesion, and revenue do not influence the adjustment of freshman athletes to intercollegiate sports (p < .05). Twelve panelists also rated the construct validity of the PASQ in a three-round Delphi study. The final version of the PASQ resulted in a 69-item, 8 sub scale instrument that measures freshman adjustment to intercollegiate athletics; however, additional research needs to be conducted to confirm its validity. Possible uses of the PASQ are to provide a foundation for counseling freshman intercollegiate athletes and to recognize freshman athletes at risk for psychiatric and physical health problems.<br>School of Physical Education

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Bücher zum Thema "Athletes"

Sutherland, Adam. Athletes. New York: PowerKids Press, 2012.

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1957-, Low Edwin, and Anderson & Low., eds. Athletes. Santa Fe, N.M: Twin Palms, 2002.

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Glover, David. Athletes. Aylesbury: Ginn, 1991.

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Yasuda, Anita. Athletes. Calgary: Weigl Educational Publishers, 2013.

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Strudwick, Leslie. Athletes. New York, NY: Crabtree Pub. Co., 1998.

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Carter, Kyle. Athletes. Vero Beach, FL: Rourke Press, 1994.

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Lindop, Laurie. Athletes. New York: Twenty-First Century Books, 1996.

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Strudwick, Leslie. Athletes. New York, NY: Crabtree Pub. Co, 1999.

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Strudwick, Leslie. Athletes. New York, NY: Crabtree Pub. Co., 1998.

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1953-, Williams Scott A., Poetter Thomas S. 1962-, and Phi Delta Kappa. Center for Evaluation, Development, and Research., eds. Supporting academic success for student-athletes. Bloomington, IN: Center for Evaluation, Development, and Research, Phi Delta Kappa, 1993.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Athletes"

Salmela, John H. "Athletes." In Encyclopedia of psychology, Vol. 1., 277–82. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10516-099.

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Cannoot, Pieter, Cathérine Van de Graaf, Ariël Decoster, Claire Poppelwell-Scevak, and Sarah Schoentjes. "Hormonal Eligibility Criteria in Women’s Professional Sports Under the ECHR: The Case of Caster Semenya v. Switzerland." In Interdisciplinary Studies in Human Rights, 95–123. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56452-9_5.

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AbstractAlthough society is (slowly) evolving, rigid gender stereotypes still persist in the world of professional sports. In line with the creation of a strict binary division of athletes, sex-testing policies based on stereotypical considerations of womanhood have come to target ‘overly masculine’ women athletes with variations of sex characteristics (VSC), as elevated levels of testosterone are believed to constitute a competitive advantage.Some international sports federations, such as World Athletics, have adopted hormonal eligibility criteria (HEC) for women’s sports competitions, although the underlying scientific evidence has been strongly contested. Athletes are excluded if they do not comply with these requirements. The standard way of reducing testosterone levels is via the use of hormonal contraceptives, although irreversible surgical treatment also occurs. HEC for sports competitions raises important issues in respect of the fundamental rights of professional women athletes with VSC, and have been challenged before the Court of Arbitration for Sports (CAS).In this chapter, we analyze the HEC set by World Athletics in light of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), which is the relevant framework for addressing human rights concerns since Switzerland accepts jurisdiction for appeals against CAS decisions. We discuss the relevant societal background, argue how HEC for sports competitions violates the individual’s right to bodily and mental integrity as protected by Article 3 ECHR, and explain that the scope of the state’s positive obligations under Article 8 ECHR needs to be interpreted as encompassing a duty to ensure the effective protection of an athlete’s bodily and psychological integrity. Finally, we set out why HEC directed at women athletes with VSC amounts to intersectional discrimination in breach of Article 14 ECHR in conjunction with Articles 3 and 8 ECHR.

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Schumacher, Jen. "Master's Athletes." In Building Consulting Skills for Sport and Performance Psychology, 91–94. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003089629-22.

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Mendes, António Pedro, Francisco Pereira, and Vítor Hugo Teixeira. "Vegan Athletes." In Sideline Management in Sports, 67–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33867-0_5.

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Paladino, Lucas, Stephanie Tow, Cheri Blauwet, and Mark R. Hutchinson. "Paralympic Athletes." In Sideline Management in Sports, 29–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33867-0_3.

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Mugford, Angus. "Professional Athletes." In Routledge Handbook of Applied Sport Psychology, 450–60. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003173588-52.

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Young, Bradley W. "Masters Athletes." In Routledge Handbook of Applied Sport Psychology, 440–49. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003173588-51.

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Hainline, Brian, Lindsey J. Gurin, and Daniel M. Torres. "Independent Medical Care." In Concussion, edited by Brian Hainline, Lindsey J. Gurin, and Daniel M. Torres, 161–64. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190937447.003.0027.

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Sport coaches are the primary interface with athletes and have considerable influence over the athletic environment. There is an evolving cultural shift to an athlete-centered approach to sports medicine, meaning that athletes should receive medical care that is completely independent of the influence of the coach. This is an especially important concept when athletic trainers, physicians and other sports medicine personnel are housed in athletics, a space where a coach may have considerable influence. Ultimately, primary health-care providers for athletic teams or organizations should have unchallengeable, autonomous authority for all medical and return-to-play decisions in sport.

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Newby, Zahra. "Introduction: Greeks, Romans, and Athletics in the Roman World." In Greek Athletics in the Roman World, 1–17. Oxford University PressOxford, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199279302.003.0001.

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Abstract During the course of the Wrst three centuries ad, Greek athletics came to play a dominant role in the cultural life of the Roman empire. From ancient Games such as those at Olympia or Delphi, to the newer festivals which sprang up around the Mediterranean world, festival culture was thriving, and successful athletes could achieve an almost heroic status. In art and literature too, athletic subjects were omnipresent. Idealized statues of athletes thronged baths, gymnasia, and villas across both east and west of the empire, while Xoor mosaics decorated with athletic scenes attested to the popularity of Greek athletics as a spectacle in the Roman west. The Greek literature of the period also included a number of pieces which take athletics as their theme, such as Dio Chrysostom’s orations for the dead athlete Melancomas, Lucian’s comic debate between Solon and Anacharsis on the values of athletic activity, or Philostratus’ defence of gymnastic training in the Gymnasticus.

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Wisdom, Sherrie L., and Graham Weir. "NAIA to NCAA D-II Sports Transition." In Handbook of Research on Advancing Critical Thinking in Higher Education, 472–512. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8411-9.ch019.

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The intent of this chapter is to provide results of a self-study of the transition process of a medium-sized, independent university from affiliation with National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics to National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II. This transitional movement by a four-year, liberal arts University represented real-world application of critical thinking to decision making, which created an impact on all stakeholders. The study purpose was to provide documentation of the transition with analysis of potential barriers and challenges, an examination of procedures placed, and quantitative verification of potential academic impact on both athletes and non-athletes. Data informed the original decision. This project continued analysis with before-to-after comparisons of measureable characteristics, such as athlete and non-athlete GPA, extent to which NCAA involvement influenced both athlete and non-athlete student choice to attend University, and before-to-after perceptions of University's reputation and stature within the academic community.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Athletes"

Predescu, Corina, Katharina Kiss, and Aura Bota. "BUILDING A GLOBAL DATABASE FOR THE DISABLED PEOPLE BY MEANS OF MOBILE DEVICES." In eLSE 2014. Editura Universitatii Nationale de Aparare "Carol I", 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-14-257.

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This study is part of the Special Olympics Healthy Communities project, entitled ,,Close the referral loop", carried out in partnership with Vodafone Romania Foundation, financed through Mobile4Good program. This project seeks to build on a unique global database and move onwards from data gathering to using the current data to empower athletes and their families to transform their health outcomes through self-advocacy and informed management of their own health through Athletes Personal Health Records with two-way interactivity with athletes' mobile devices. If an athlete has a referral recommended at a Healthy Athletes screening event, details of the referral are automatically recorded in the athlete's health record. In this context, the athlete's mobile phone is used to alert athletes that a medical referral has been recommended. To be inclusive for all Special Olympics athletes the mobile health solution needs to be available on the common mobile devices on the standard operating systems of mobile phone and tablets including Android, Symbian, Windows Mobile, iPhone and iPad. The pilot study, followed by two other screening events (between 2012-2013) which took place at UNEFS gathered a total of 458 subjects whose data were digitally entered in the system which further generated SMS follow-up messages. This application renders possible digital data entry on cell phone and tablets, two way interactive messaging to athletes' cell phones and tablets to close the referral loop after Healthy Athletes events, two way interactive messaging to athletes' cell phones and tablets for follow up of services and devices given at Healthy Athletes events and athlete data entry into their personal health record.

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Elrayess, Mohamed, Fatima Al-Khelaifi, Noha Yousri, and Omar Al-Bagha. "Genome-Wide Association study Identifies a Novel Association Between a Cardiovascular Gene Polymorphism and Superior Athletic Performance." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0111.

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Research into the genetic predisposition to superior athletic performance has been a hindered by the underpowered studies and the small effect size of identified genetic variants. The aims of this study were to investigate the association of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with endurance athlete status in a large cohort of elite European athletes using GWAS approach, followed by replication studies in Russian and Japanese elite athletes and functional validation using metabolomics analysis. Results: The association of 476,728 SNPs of Illumina DrugCore Gene chip and endurance athlete status was investigated in 796 European international-level athletes (645 males, 151 females) by comparing allelic frequencies between athletes specialized in sports with high (n=662) and low/moderate (n=134) aerobic component. Validation of results was performed by comparing the frequencies of the most significant SNPs between 242 and 168 elite Russian high and low/moderate aerobic athletes, respectively, and between 60 elite Japanese endurance athletes and 406 controls. A meta-analysis has identified rs1052373 (GG homozygotes) in Myosin Binding Protein (MYBPC3; implicated in cardiac hypertrophic myopathy) gene to be associated with endurance athlete status (P=1.43E-08, odd ratio 2.2). Homozygotes carriers of rs1052373 G allele in Russian athletes had significantly greater VO2max than carriers of the AA+AG (P = 0.005). Subsequent metabolomics analysis revealed several amino acids and lipids associated with rs1052373 G allele (1.82x10-05) including the testosterone precursor androstenediol (3beta, 17beta) disulfate. Conclusion: This is the first report of genome-wide significant SNP and related metabolites associated with elite athlete status. Further investigations of the functional relevance of the identified SNPs and metabolites in relation to enhanced athletic performance are warranted.

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Fontanili, Luca, Massimo Milani, Luca Montorsi, and Roberto Citarella. "Biomechanical Analyses of Professional Ultramarathon Athletes: The Effect of Repeated Long Distances on the Gait Kinematic and Kinetics." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23748.

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Abstract Constant monitoring of an athlete allows to foresee any injuries by acting on the dynamics of the movements. For runners, the conduct of a correct athletic gesture according to the athlete’s specific body biomechanics guarantees the minimization of non-accidental injury factors. For athletes who are engaged in endurance sports such as marathon runners, the long distances to which they are subjected increases the importance of this type of monitoring. This work reports the results of a study carried out on three IUTA (Italian Ultramarathon and Trail Association) athletes during a routine check carried out at a reference healthcare facility that takes care of their care. These athletes are all specialized in the 24-hour race in which they try to reach the most distance in this time. This type of effort can be made if the athlete undergoes an adequate training regime over long distances. The execution of the running pattern in such a repeated way can lead to the accentuation of postural and joint problems. It is therefore necessary to monitor the biomechanics parameters. In this work, therefore, various gestures are analyzed to show potential movement deficits in order to act in advance on the running technique.

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Eikena, Dace. "ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE GOAL ORIENTATION AND THE FACTORS HINDERING THE PERFORMANCE OF ELITE ATHLETES." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS “APPLIED SPORTS SCIENCES”. Scientific Publishing House NSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/64.

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ABSTRACT Outstanding athletic performance is unthinkable without strong goal motivation, but at the same time, performance can be affected by a variety of challenges and distractions during an athlete’s career. This study aimed to understand the relationship between the type of goal orientation and factors that interfere with sports performance in competition and training processes. Method: This study involved 43 athletes with successful performance experiences in international competitions. Athletes were in age from 15 to 31 (M=19,3 years). There were 24 (55,8 %) men. The Perception of Success Questionnaire (Roberts et al., 1998) and Sport Interference Checklist (Donohue B. et al., 2007) for athletes’ self-assessments were used. Results: The results of the study indicate the most commonly reported athletes’ performance impairments were related to dysfunctional thoughts and stress related to both training and competition situations. The results showed a correlation between performance problems in competitions and task goal orientation. The elite athletes had higher task goal orientation than ego goal orientation, and problems that hindered athletes’ sports performance were more common during competitions than in training. There were no gender differences in athletes’ perception of issues that interfere with sports performance and no statistically significant differences between gender in athletes’ responses about ego and task goal orientation. Conclusions: The responses of elite athletes showed a correlation between athletes task goal orientation and their high motivation, which determined the low impact of disruptive factors (related to motivation) on athletic performance in competitions. The results of this study can be used for the development of targeted training programs for psychologists who would like to work in the field of sports psychology in Latvia in the future.

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Brower, Desiree, and Joanna Petrides. "Prevalence of Disordered Eating in Female Athletes of the New Jersey Athletic Conference." In 27th Annual Rowan-Virtua Research Day. Rowan University Libraries, 2023. https://doi.org/10.31986/issn.2689-0690_rdw.stratford_research_day.28_2023.

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Background: In 2018, the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry published that, 1 out of every 10 adolescent females suffer from an eating disorder in the United States. Although it is known that eating disorders have an impact on the entire population, there are currently no studies on the prevalence of disordered eating in female athletes of the New Jersey Athletic conference (NJAC). This study aims to determine how many athletes in this population are affected. Methods: This IRB-approved project utilized a survey-based approach to assess the prevalence of disordered eating among female athletes within the NJAC. To participate, participants were required to be a female athlete over the age of 18 and actively competing for a school affiliated with the NJAC. Coaches of the NJAC female sports teams distributed the survey to female athletes. The survey included the EAT-26, which assesses risk of having an eating disorder. A total of 105 survey responses were collected and the data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: Of the 105 participants who completed the survey, 27.4% were considered high risk for having an eating disorder. There was a moderate correlation between year in school and EAT-26 score, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.308 (p = 0.002). With this correlation, the independent samples t-test showed there was a significant relationship between year in school and risk of having an eating disorder (p = 0.032). The survey also concluded that 41.1% of the female athletes reported not ever being educated on the importance of nutrition for their athletic performance. Additionally, 24.2% of the female athletes reported being told they needed to lose weight for their sport. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is a significant portion of female athletes in the NJAC who are considered high risk for having an eating disorder. The data emphasizes the need to educate female athletes in the NJAC on the importance of nutrition and the impact it has on their overall physical and mental health, as well as athletic performance. Furthermore, the results support coaches needing to be educated on how best to communicate with their athletes regarding nutrition. Expanded research on the repercussions of eating disorders on female athletes may help to further unveil the importance of increasing nutrition and eating education for these athletes.

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Stang, Julie, Trine Stensrud, and Kai-Håkon Carlsen. "Differences in parasympathetic activity of asthmatic athletes, healthy athletes and non-athlete controls." In Annual Congress 2015. European Respiratory Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2015.pa2226.

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Mijalković, Stefan, Andrea Marković, Aleksandra Aleksić-Veljković, and Daniel Stanković. "Differences in static balance between female athletes and rhythmic gymnasts." In Antropološki i teoantropološki pogled na fizičke aktivnosti (10). University of Priština – Faculty of Sport and Physical Education in Leposavić, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/atavpa24028m.

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The aim of this study was to determine the differences in static balance between female athletes and rhythmic gymnasts. The sample of respondents consisted of 15 female athletes with mean age of 10.47±1.73 and 17 rhythmic gymnasts with mean age of 10.18±1.98. Static balance testing consisted of three stances (stand with both feet, stand on one foot and tandem stance) that were performed on soft and firm surfaces. The results of this study indicated that there was a statistically significant difference between female athletes and rhythmic gymnasts in the static balance mistakes achieved on a hard surface as well as the total number of mistakes achieved. The difference was in favor of the rhythmic gymnasts. It can be said that although static balance is more prevalent in rhythmic gymnastics than in athletics, it is necessary for athletic trainers to develop this basic motor ability of their athletes in order to improve sports success and prevention of possible injuries.

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Thompson, Lara A., and Mehdi Badache. "Investigating Center-of-Pressure Based Parameters to Quantify Athlete and Non-Athlete Balance." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-65642.

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Through ground reaction (foot) forceplate-based, center-of-pressure (COP) parameters, we aimed to investigate differences in standing balance for young, healthy individuals from both athlete (soccer) and non-athlete subject populations. We investigated five, COP displacement and velocity parameters derived from the COP position time series. Soccer athlete and non-athlete subjects performed standing balance for postural tasks of increasing difficulty levels, by varying visual cues (eyes-open/eyes-closed) and base of support (wide/tandem foot placement), leading to four test conditions: 1) wide/eyes-open, 2) wide/eyes-closed, 3) tandem/eyes-open, 4) tandem/eyes-closed. By investigating position and velocity characteristics of the COP position time series, we observed that the soccer athletes had generally lower COP displacement and velocity parameters (meaning they were more stable and perhaps better able to control their body sway) than the non-athletes. This study lends new insights as to how parameters derived from the COP position can be utilized to determine differences in balance between normal subject populations (e.g., athletes versus non-athletes).

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Sherovska, Gjorgjina. "Sports-Related Nutrition Marketing and Its Performance Impact on Athletes in the Republic of North Macedonia." In 8th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2022.171.

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Nutrition is increasingly recognized as a key component of optimal sporting performance, with both the science and practice of sports nutrition developing rapidly. The sports nutrition market has witnessed robust growth in the past few years; it is gaining pace due to the increase in health awareness among the population, new product development, the rapid increase in urbanization, and growth in a number of sales outlets, health clubs, fitness centers and gyms. Athletes use a range of nutritional and diet strategies to improve sports performance. Nutrition plans need to be personalized to the individual athlete to take into account the specificity and uniqueness of the event, performance goals, practical challenges, food preferences, and responses to various strategies. A key factor is the related marketing used to reach the core aim of the athletes for specific sports nutrition so they can meet their energy and nutrient requirements, whether that is speed, endurance, recovery, or strength. The marketing strategies in the sports nutrition industry are wide. Companies understand the power of sports endorsement, the trending on social media, and after all the factors of advertisement, through the different marketing communication channels impacting the athletes’ behavior for the final decision-making process of purchasing the product. In this paper the purpose is to investigate the effect of sport-related nutritional marketing as a communication strategy reaching athletes, and, its second relationship, the effect of the marketed sport-related nutritional products impact on athlete’s performance, from the athlete’s aspect. The importance of this paper is to examine a new topic of a connection between sports nutritional marketing and the eventual performance effect on a particular sub-category of athletes because very little research is being conducted on this topic of interest. The research framework used in this paper will help to guide future research and improve marketing communication strategies with great insight on what are the key methods to reach out to short and distance athletes from a marketing point of view, as well as the key factors that make marketed sport nutritional products impact on athlete’s performance.

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Ivanova, Veronika, and Galina Semenova. "Skiers Training Management Based on Integrated Control." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-66.

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The article focuses on the issues of embracing integrated control in sports as a tool for athlete training management. Currently, in order to determine the functional state and physical fitness of athletes, conventional control methods are currently widely complemented with diagnostic equipment. Its application in athlete training management has been proven quite efficient. Owing to modern approaches to integrated control, it becomes feasible to prevent the overtraining of athletes. The significance of integrated control increases with the growth of performance in all sports, including skiing. At that, the training process becomes more intense and the workload increases. Hence, it is clear that the matter of integrated control has been growing in relevance. In the course of the study of top-class skiers, functional status and physical fitness were monitored using modern diagnostic equipment. In particular, testing was carried out with the MARG device, which revealed the body’s functional state, impaired regulation of the cardiovascular system and overtraining. The skiers’ speed and power abilities were also assessed using a Techno Gym Bike Forma vertical ergometer (Italy). Cardiovascular system adaptation to physical loads was tested via a bicycle ergometer with a sequentially increasing load. The test findings enabled the evaluation of the athletes’ preparedness, which consequently allowed for further training sessions to be planned. The coronavirus epidemic outbreak has affected all aspects of the athlete’s training, including the implementation of comprehensive controls. The possibility of conducting comprehensive online monitoring should be sought.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Athletes"

Guerreiro, Hugo, Rute Borrego та Lino Mendes. β-alanine supplementation for athletic performance in female athletes: a protocol for a systematic review of randomized control trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, червень 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0041.

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Review question / Objective: The Effect of β-alanine Supplementation on Athletic Performance in Female Athletes: a Systematic Review of Randomized Control Trials. Condition being studied: β-alanine is an endogenously produced non-proteinogenic amino acid that can also be obtained through the consumption of foods such as meat. The ergogenic effect of β-alanine supplementation is linked to the levels of carnosine (a cytoplasmatic dipeptide to which β-alanine is a precursor). It has become one of the most common sports nutrition ergogenic aids, with typical doses at about 4 to 6 g per day that are ideal to elevate muscle carnosine concentrations by up 80%. This elevation happens regardless of high or low baseline levels (common in vegetarians, women and in older subjects) and chronic supplementation (and the associated increase of muscle carnosine levels) is known to be of particular interest in improving high-intensity exercise performance by enhancing intracellular H+ buffering, reducing muscle acidosis. It has been mostly proposed as beneficial in exercises between 60 seconds and 4 minutes, but some positive effects have been noted in other sport-related outcomes. The fact that women tend to have less muscle carnosine content then man, in addition to other characteristics of the female athlete, highlights the importance of understanding if the outcomes and magnitude of the effects already found and stablished in male athletes are, in fact, equivalent in the female athlete.

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TABUNOV, I. A., A. P. LAPINA, M. M. KOSTYCHEV, P. S. BEREZINA, and A. V. NIKIFOROVA. METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COACHES WORKING WITH CHILD ATHLETES ENGAGED IN ROCK CLIMBING. SIB-Expertise, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0621.06122022.

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The methodological guide will present aspects that will be useful for coaches in working with their students, in particular psychological work with athletes during the training process and during the competition, and specifically in the pre-start period. It is important for the coach to teach the athlete the techniques of psychological protection, including restoring the stability control system, reducing feelings of anxiety and countering it. It is important to carry out special psychological training. Including effective preparation for competition, based on: social values; formation of mental "internal support"; overcoming psychological barriers. Every day the degree of development and influence of sports reaches a new level. Also, the requirements for athletes in technical, physical and tactical readiness are increasing, respectively, the result of competitive activity will already be determined by readiness and psychological attitude. Psychological preparation is a process aimed at creating a state of mental readiness for competition in athletes. This should be considered the subject of psychological preparation for competitions in sports.

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Malhoa, Sara, Hugo Sarmento, João Lameiras, and António Rosado. Dual Careers – reconciling sporting and academic success: systematic review of the literature. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.5.0032.

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Review question / Objective: A systematic review carried out intends to carefully analyze the literature on the relationship between demographic and psychosocial determinants and the conciliation of studies with sports life. It aims to analyse, synthesize and update existing research on career management and development, namely, the dual careers of high-performance sports athletes who, at the same time, attend secondary education, starting from the research question - What is the profile of European students-athletes who simultaneously practice high performance sport and study in secondary education?. Condition being studied: The educational experience facilitates sports development and the skills trained in a sports context are transferable to the world of education and work. Being an elite athlete becomes more and more demanding as the number of training hours increases (20-30h/week) and the frequency of competitions, which has immediate implications for lifestyle and time management, requiring greater effort and commitment to fulfill your role as a student and athlete. Succeeding in both careers is highly demanding and challenging.

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Cunha, Lúcio, Júlio Costa, Elisa A. Marques, João Brito, Michele Lastella, and Pedro Figueiredo. The Impact of Sleep Interventions on Athletes Performance: A Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0069.

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Review question / Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the impact of sleep interventions on athletes’ performance. Condition being studied: Athletic performance after a sleep intervention (e.g., sleep hygiene, sleep extension or nap). Eligibility criteria: This review will be conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines and the PICOS approach.Articles will be eligible if they were published or in-press in peer-reviewed journals (i.e., abstracts published in conference proceedings, books, theses, and dissertations will be not considered), published in English language, and abstract was available for screening. No gender or age restriction will be applied. The PICOS approach will be established as follows: Population: Individual or team sports athletes; Intervention: Strategies to improve or extend sleep; Comparators: Control group or a baseline phase without sleep intervention; Outcomes: Subjective and/or objective measurement of sleep and physical and/or cognitive performance.

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Hansen, Natasha. Vitamin D Deficiency in Athletes. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cc-20240624-1591.

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Bashir, Marrium, Soh Kim Geok, and Saddam Akbar. Effects of Functional Training on Sprinting, Jumping and Functional Movement in players: A Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0130.

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Review question / Objective: The main objective of this review is to evaluate the effects of functional training on sprinting, jumping, and functional movement in players. Rationale: This review study will be significant, see the training effect size and give the directions for filling the gaps in the future researcher to enhance performance in different levels of athletes in sports. Eligibility criteria: In inclusion criteria: English language article, both gender athletes, male and female, related articles on all levels of athletes, and performance-related studies.

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Luo, Danfangjun, and Yongsheng Sun. Efficacy of Dietary Supplements on Athlete Performance Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Evidence in Competitive Athletes. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2024.11.0036.

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Bunn, Sarah. Performance, Inclusion and Elite Sports - Transgender Athletes. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/pn683.

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Skarda, Laura. Stress Reactions of Division-I Track Athletes. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.749.

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Wang, Shuai, Xiaoxiao Lin, and Jinyu Huang. A systematic review of TRE for athletes. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.8.0072.

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