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1

Dr., Harkirat Singh. "Mobilization of Indians for Total War of Independence in South-East Asia." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 3, no. 12 (2018): 898–902. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2531828.

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The formation of Indian National Army in South East Asia was milestone in Indian freedom struggle. Subhas Chandra Bose organized the Indian National Army and established the Provisional Government of Azad Hind to mobilize the Indians for the cause i.e. freedom. It was to be a mass movement of the three million Indians in East Asia, a movement in which every man, woman and child contributed their utmost. The entire movement was to be financed and supported by Indians in East Asia. With the mobilized sources S.C. Bose led the war of liberation against the British at Indo-Burma front.
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Gupta, Vivek. "Arabic in Hindustan: Comparative Poetics in the Eighteenth Century and Azad Bilgrami’s The Coral Rosary." Journal of South Asian Intellectual History 4, no. 2 (2022): 181–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25425552-12340034.

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Abstract This article examines the contributions of Ghulām ʿAlī “Āzād” Bilgrāmī (1704–1786) to our understanding of comparative poetics and Arabic in eighteenth-century Hindustan. It attends to Azad’s oeuvre through the lenses of translation, multilingualism, and literary science. Philological analysis reveals how Azad establishes analogues across these three literary languages that attest to the adaptive capacity of poetics. His sections on Hindi poetry in his Arabic work Subḥat al-marjān fī āthār Hindūstān (The Coral Rosary of Hindustan’s Traditions, 1763–64), and its later adaptation into P
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H.J., Boraiah. "A STUDY ON ROLE OF SUBHASH CHANDRA BOSE IN INDIAN NATIONAL ARMY (INA)." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 6, S2 (2019): 25–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2649986.

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<em>Subhash Chandra Bose was one of India&rsquo;s greatest freedom fighter. He revived the Indian National Army,&nbsp;popularly known as &lsquo;Azad Hind Fauj&rsquo; in 1943 which was&nbsp;initially formed in 1942 by Rash Behari Bose. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose had visited London during pre-independence period to discuss the future of India, with the members of the Labor party. His sudden disappearance from Taiwan, led to surfacing of various theories, unfortunately none of which were investigated thoroughly by successive governments; leaving people in the dark about one of the most beloved l
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Harkirat, Singh. "Transfer of Power: The INA Trial and the Indian Armed Forces." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 4, no. 2 (2019): 437–40. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579235.

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Last days of India"s freedom struggle had many distinct features leading to the transfer of power. Among the more important of them was the trial of INA personnel who had fought against the British under Subhas Chandra Bose in East Asia with the object of achieving the Indian independence. In this trial the far-reaching and novel aspect was the national upsurge for the release of INA personnel, which directly challenged the legitimacy of the British rule. The revolutionary sentiments created by the INA issue swept the country and penetrated into the armed forces. The spirit of nationalism rous
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Sharda, Ratan. "Struggle Against the Empire: Other Organisations and Cultural Nationalism." Indian Historical Review 49, no. 1_suppl (2022): S120—S138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03769836221112700.

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Dr B. R. Ambedkar noted that any freedom struggle or political change needs a base of cultural renaissance, reforms—both social and religious. Our retaliation against colonialists began from the very moment they tried to colonise India. Beginning with the Battle of Colachel that took place in 1741, there were uprisings from tribes in North East, Bengal and central India. Kuka Sikhs were the first to promote swadeshi, with the insistence on wearing hand woven clothes. This freedom struggle had many streams—earlier battles all over Bharat, revolutionary actions, organised arm struggle like Azad
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Roy, Kaushik. "Axis Satellite Armies of World War II: A Case Study of the Azad Hind Fauj, 1942–45." Indian Historical Review 35, no. 1 (2008): 144–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/037698360803500107.

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7

Roy, Purabi. "Indian National Army: Netaji’s Secret Service." Indian Historical Review 49, no. 1_suppl (2022): S168—S192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03769836221115896.

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Netaji’s Secret Service ‘Indian National Army’ essentially revolutionary organisation. It is well known the leftist played a crucial role in Subhas Bose getting elected as the President of the Tripuri Congress. In 1939 found the Left Consolidation Committee (LCC), but the tenuous coalition of the leftists in the Committee soon broke but CPI remained with Bose. However, after the Second World War broke out, Bose decided to leave India. The Communists helped Subhas in his escape; the main operator was Achhar Singh Chhina, who was best known by the Soviets as Larkin, Akbar Mia of Forward Bloc and
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Rohtash. "Neera Arya: A Forgotten Revolutionary of The Indian Freedom Struggle." Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities 4, no. 6 (2024): 648–52. https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.4.6.43.

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The glorious story of India’s independence is filled with many forgotten heroes and heroines who sacrificed everything in the Indian freedom struggle, but after independence they had to live a life of anonymity in the country. Captain Neera Arya of the Rani Jhansi Regiment of the Indian National Army (Azad Hind Fauj) was one such great patriot, courageous, freedom fighter and heroine. To save the life of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, she killed her husband who had shot at him. In view of her unimaginable and unique courage, Subhash Chandra Bose addressed Neera Arya as 'Neera-Nagini'. Hence, she
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9

Toipah, Toipah. "TAFSIR AL-QUR’AN ATAS PROBLEMATIKA LINTAS AGAMA: KAJIAN ATAS TAFSIR TARJUMAN AL-QUR’AN KARYA MAWLANA ABUL KALAM AZAD." QOF 1, no. 1 (2017): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30762/qof.v1i1.930.

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This article discusses the book of tafsir, Tarjuman al-Qur'an, by Mawlana Abul Kalam Azad (W. 1958 AD). Azad is one of the commentator (of the Qur’an) and politicians who were born in the minority in India, where India is a predominantly Hindu country. In this case, Azad wants Islam and Hinduism to co-exist. Azad thought is considered controversial because the Islamic reformers in India, we can call Sayyid Ahmad Khan who crave a separate country that became a home for Muslims. Azad has an offer of interpretation that is different from other commentators of his time related to the unity of reli
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Sadia, Zareen. "Al-Hilal: A Reflection of the Politics of Bengal Muslims (1912-1915)." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 03, no. 10 (2018): 183–88. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1461129.

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The year 1912 was a path-breaking year in Urdu journalism and as well as for the Bengal Politics also. Since the establishment of Colonial rule, Bengal played a significant role in national politics. Half of its total population was Muslims who were far-behind in the race of getting education or fetching job in compare to their Hindu brothers that led them to form a communal organization named Muslim League in 1906 that differentiate the whole population into two parts. In this critical scenario, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad emerged as a messiah for his community and raised his slogan against all t
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Dr. Misbah Umar and Fozia Umar. "The Ideals of Islam in Maulana Abul Kalam Azad’s Thoughts and Political Practices: An Appraisal." Al Basirah 10, no. 01 (2021): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.65.

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The article attempts to explore and describe the ideals of Islam as perceived and practised by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (1888-1958) at various stages of his life. Starting from religious conservatism received from his family, Maulana Azad moved towards rationalism at first and then to Pan-Islamism before finally committing to humanism. In this process of intellectual progression, his perception of Islam and its ideals changed as his social and political interactions changed over time. These changing contours of Maulana Azad‟s thoughts found manifestation in the political practices he carried ou
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AZAR, DANY, SIBELLE MAKSOUD, NINON ROBIN, et al. "The first and oldest record of Issidae from the Lower Cretaceous of Lebanon (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha)." Zootaxa 5562, no. 1 (2024): 38–44. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5562.1.7.

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Libanissus bkassinensis Azar, Maksoud &amp; Nel, gen. et sp. nov. is illustrated and described from the Lower Cretaceous dysodile (oil papershales) of Bkassine, South Lebanon, and its taxonomic position discussed. Libanissus bkassinensis Azar, Maksoud &amp; Nel, gen. et sp. nov. is characterized by its banded legs and body, a hind wing with two lobes, RA and RP very short, M with only two very short apical branches, CuA with two branches, and a small but distinct apical furcation of PCu close to the incision of the wing margin. Libanissus bkassinensis Azar, Maksoud &amp; Nel, gen. et sp. nov.
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Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Abrar Awan, Majid Nawaz Malik та Javed Ghani. "آزاد کشمیر میں شادی بیاہ کی تقریبات میں ہندوانہ رسوم کی آمیزش :ایک تحقیقی مطالعہMixture of Hindu Rituals in Wedding Ceremonies in Azād Kashmīr: A Research Study". Al-Qamar 4, № 2 (2021): 621–32. https://doi.org/10.53762/swc83942.

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With the beginning and evolution of society, customs and traditions are also born. Rituals do not appear suddenly in any society but there are ancient beliefs and ideologies behind them. Similarly, their customs and traditions have a profound effect on the civilization and culture of the nations. The Muslims of Azad Kashmir are also suffering the loss of life and property due to the frivolous customs of the Hindus. As Muslims, our way of life must reflect the teachings of Islam. For some time now, the Muslims of Azad Kashmir have been involved in some superstitions and rituals in marriage, tha
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Ali, Md Yousuf, and Osman Bakar. "ABUL KALAM AZAD’S IDEA OF RELIGIOUS PLURALISM FOR AN INCLUSIVE INDIAN NATIONALISM: A CIVILIZATIONAL REVISIT." Al-Shajarah: Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC) 28, no. 2 (2023): 343–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/shajarah.v28i2.1720.

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Abul Kalam Azad (1888-1958), the first Minister of Education in independent India, was a towering figure in the modern subcontinent. A freedom fighter against British colonial rule following the steps of Syed Ahmad Khan (1817-1898), an Islamic thinker, and a champion of Hindu-Muslim unity, Azad was an intellectual-activist advocating an inclusive Indian nationalism. This article focuses on Azad’s idea of religious pluralism based on the doctrine of unity of religions (wahdat al-adyan) and how he related it to his vision of an inclusive Indian nationalism. It discusses the main ideas embodied i
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Saba, Noor Us, Sohail Nawaz, and Adnan Anwar. "A Case Study of Radha Krishna Temple Muzaffarabad: Art and Architecture." Global Social Sciences Review VIII, no. I (2023): 454–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-i).42.

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The capital of Azad Jammu and Kashmir is Muzaffarabad, a city that has had a significant historical impact that continues now. Its rich cultural past reflects its unique heritage and historical influences because it is the capital of Azad Jammu Kashmir and is located on historic traveller routes.The district is home to many historical sites that provide proof of its prior civilizational history. Any civilization's living monuments and architectural remains represent the legacy and historic importance of the area. The buildings and construction techniques are passed down through the architectur
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Fatima, Noor, and Ding Yang. "An updated catalogue of true flies (Insecta: Diptera) from northern Pakistan." Journal of Threatened Taxa 14, no. 12 (2022): 22232–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.7841.14.12.22232-22259.

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We present the first comprehensive catalogue of true flies from the northernmost territories of Pakistan, including Azad Jammu &amp; Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan. In the current inventory, 64 genera and 153 species in 16 families are being documented. The total number of known species has been updated based on the availability of taxonomic literatures from Pakistan. In 2007, Insect Fauna of Azad Jammu &amp; Kashmir was updated and it lists only 16 known species in order Diptera where as there is no such documented information so far available on the dipterous fauna of Gilgit-Baltistan. However
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Borkent, Art. "The Lower Cretaceous male ofLebanoculicoides daheri– belonging to the earliest lineage of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)." Canadian Entomologist 151, no. 3 (2019): 278–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2019.4.

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AbstractRe-examination of the male biting midge ofLebanoculicoides daheriChoufani, Azar, and Nel (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), in 127 million-year-old Lebanese amber, revealed further features and details of morphological, phylogenetic, and bionomic importance. The phylogenetic position of the fossil genusLebanoculicoidesSzadziewski as the sister group of all remaining extant and extinct Ceratopogonidae is confirmed. A revised key to all four known species of this genus is provided. A permanently erect antennal plume is hypothesised as an additional synapomorphy ofAustroconopsWirth and Lee and t
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Dupret, Baudouin. "Azam Hina. — Sexual Violation in Islamic Law : Substance, Evidence, and Procedure." Cahiers d'études africaines LXI, no. 242 (2021): 477–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/etudesafricaines.34564.

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19

Rezavi, Syed Ali Nadeem. "Representations of the Mughals in Present-Day India: From K. Asif’s Akbar to the Babur of Nikkhil Advani." Studies in People's History 9, no. 2 (2022): 241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23484489221120100.

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The Hindi film industry (Bollywood) has been fascinated since practically its beginnings with revisiting history and rewriting it. Over the years, we have had several historical period films, and of them a number have been on Mughal emperors and princesses. This article tries to review the content of some of the celebrated movies based on the Great Mughals, produced after independence: starting with Mughal-e-Azam of K. Asif to Jodhaa Akbar of Ashutosh Gowariker and a recently shot historical serial. The basic argument of the article is that compared to Western endeavours, or even other Asian f
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Holmes Katz, Marion. "Review of Hina AZAM, Sexual Violation in Islamic Law: Substance, Evidence, and Procedure." Journal of the International Qur’anic Studies Association 3, s1 (2018): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jiqsa-2018-04s104.

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21

Ernst, Carl W. "Reconfiguring South Asian Islam: From the 18th to the 19th Century." Comparative Islamic Studies 5, no. 2 (2011): 247–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/cis.v5i2.247.

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Distinctive shifts in the character of South Asian Islamic culture took place between eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. This article tracks these changes through two notable examples, Ghulam ‘Ali Azad Bilgrami (d. 1786) and Hajji Imdad Allah Muhajir Makki (d. 1899). Analysis of writings by and about these two figures demonstrates shifting models of what it meant to be a South Asian Muslim intellectual. The confident cosmopolitanism of Bilgrami, on the cusp of the British colonial conquest, yields to a much more defensive posture in Hajji Imdad Allah, who was indeed engaged in resistance aga
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Gara, I. Wayan. "SEBUAH DESKRIPSI WACANA PUJA SARASWATI SEBAGAI REPRESENTASI KOMUNIKASI UMAT HINDU." Jurnal Widya Sastra Pendidikan Agama Hindu 4, no. 1 (2021): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.36663/wspah.v4i1.243.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan dan memberikan sebuah deskripsi tentang hari suci puja Saraswati di pura kampus STKIP Agama HinduSingaraja dan puja Saraswati sebagai representasi komunikasi umat Hindu, Civitas Akademika STKIP Agama Hindu Singaraja. Dalam pembahasan masalah penelitiannya digunakan teori eklektik, yang meliputi: teori azas religi, teori interaksionisme – simbolik; teori komunikasi kontekstual (personal, kelompok, dan organisasi) dalam kerangka model komunikasi (linear, interaksional, dan transaksional). Demikian pula digunakan pendekatan natural dan observasi - part
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Grey, Lexie. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Cancer and Clinical Oncology, Vol. 8, No. 1." Cancer and Clinical Oncology 8, no. 1 (2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/cco.v8n1p43.

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Cancer and Clinical Oncology wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated.&#x0D; &#x0D; Cancer and Clinical Oncology is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/reviewer and e-mail the completed application form to cco@ccsenet.org. &#x0D; &#x0D; Reviewers for Volume 8, Number 1&#x0D; &#x0D; A
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Cakranegara, Joshua Jolly Sucanta. "TOLERANSI KEHIDUPAN UMAT BERAGAMA DI BALI DALAM PERAYAAN HARI RAYA NYEPI PADA AWAL ABAD XXI." Widyadewata 5, no. 1 (2022): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.47655/widyadewata.v5i1.57.

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Satu hari raya besar yang menjadi keunikan tersendiri di Bali adalah hari raya Nyepi untuk merayakan pergantian tahun Saka oleh umat Hindu. Konsekuensinya adalah penghentian seluruh aktivitas masyarakat, baik umat Hindu maupun umat beragama lain di Bali. Oleh sebab itu, sebuah bentuk pengertian bersama (toleransi) dibutuhkan agar kehidupan umat beragama di Bali tetap berlangsung harmonis. Dengan latar belakang tersebut, artikel ini bertujuan memaparkan bentuk-bentuk toleransi atas kehidupan umat beragama di Bali dalam perayaan hari raya Nyepi pada awal abad ke-21. Metode penelitian ini adalah
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Sumantri, I. Nyoman, Dwi Ratna Kamala Sari Lukman, Ni Nyoman Ernita Ratnadewi, and Ni Wayan Sridiani. "DISKRIMINASI BERLAKUNYA UNDANG-UNDANG REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 18 TAHUN 2003 TENTANG ADVOKAT." Jurnal Hukum Agama Hindu Widya Kerta 7, no. 1 (2024): 47–60. https://doi.org/10.53977/wk.v7i1.1804.

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Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bentuk diskriminasi berlakunya Undang-undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2003 tentang Advokat kaitannya dengan penyelesaian perkara dalam sistem peradilan di Indonesia oleh seorang Advokat khususnya advokat yang menangani perkara perdata waris hindu dan perkawinan hindu dan lainnya yang sampai saat ini masih banyak yang tunduk terhadap hukum adat setempat serta jarang menggunakan hukum perdata nasional untuk menyelesaikan sengketanya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan analisis normatif dan teknik analisis data yang digunak
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Deka, Dipanjali. "READING RESEMBLANCES AND FLUIDITY BETWEEN THE ZIKIR SONGS OF AZAN FAKIR AND OTHER SONG GENRES IN ASSAM." ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts 3, no. 2 (2022): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v3.i2.2022.155.

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Zikir songs of Assam are the Assamese Islamic devotional songs composed by the Sufi figure Shah Miran, alias, Azan Peer Fakir, who came to Assam from Baghdad in 17th century. Assamese scholars categorize zikir under the folk Bhakti or Sufi genre. According to Syed Abdul Malik, a pioneer writer on the subject, the word zikir is said to have been derived from the Arabic term ziqr, which means to remember, listen to and to mention the name of Allah. Interestingly, the concept of remembrance of the Divine, like in zikir, also resonates with the Neo-Vaisnavite Bhakti philosophy of Sankardeva and Ma
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Gupta, V., S. Tripathi, V. Tilak, and B. D. Bhatia. "A study of clinico-haematological profiles of pancytopenia in children." Tropical Doctor 38, no. 4 (2008): 241–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/td.2008.070422.

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We report on the clinico-haematological profile of pancytopenia in children from the Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, India, over a period of 30 months. Pancytopenia was defined as: haemoglobin &lt;10 g/dL, absolute neutrophil count 1.5 × 109/L and platelet count &lt;100 × 109/L. A detailed history, clinical examination and haematological parameters were recorded. Bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy were carried out in all cases. One hundred and five cases aged 1.5–18 years, with a mean age of 8.6 years, were included in t
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Dunn, Shannon. "GENDER, VIOLENCE, AND SOCIAL JUSTICE IN ISLAM: MUSLIM FEMINIST SCHOLARS IN THE PUBLIC EYE." Journal of Law and Religion 31, no. 3 (2016): 293–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jlr.2016.34.

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Three recent books focused on law, gender, and Islam not only make important individual contributions to the field of law and religion, but together, in their attention to issues of gender, sex, violence, and law, signal an important development in both this field and the field of Islamic studies. This state of the field essay examines Kecia Ali's revised and expanded edition ofSexual Ethics and Islam, Ayesha Chaudhry'sDomestic Violence and the Islamic Tradition, and Hina Azam'sSexual Violation in Islamic Law. Individually and collectively, these works shed light on the way that societies use
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Reddy, B. Rajasekhar, Anil K. Singh, A. K. Pal, and G. Eswara Reddy. "Combining Ability Studies on Yield and Yield Related Traits in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 19 (2023): 537–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i193580.

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Aim: The present study was conducted to generate information regarding the general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA), genetic parameters and GCA and SCA variances in tomato.&#x0D; Study Design: The parents and F1s were laid out in Randomized block design with 3 replications.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: The present study was conducted at research farm of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. Crosses were generated in Line x Tester design and resultant F1, F2 and parents were evaluated.&#x0D; Methodology: After genetic diversity evaluation, ten genotypes were selecte
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Quraishi, Haider Ali, Naquibul Islam, Arsheed Iqbal, et al. "Therapeutical and medicinal properties of Neem (Azadirachta indica) in context of Unani system of medicine: a review study." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 6-s (2018): 394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6-s.2141.

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Neem is very important medicinal plant which is used to treat different diseases in Unani System of Medicine as well as traditional system of medicine (Ayurveda, Homeopathic Chines and European “Materia Medica”). The use of traditional medicine and medicinal plants in most developing countries, as a normative basis for the maintenance of good health, has been widely observed. In the last century, approximately 130 pharmaceutical products have been discovered based on the information obtained from the traditional scientist and physician. The importance of the neem tree has been recognized by th
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Anchassi, Omar. "Status Distinctions and Sartorial Difference: Slavery, Sexual Ethics, and the Social Logic of Veiling in Islamic Law." Islamic Law and Society 28, no. 3 (2021): 125–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685195-bja10008.

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Abstract This article explores how jurists articulated the distinction between free and enslaved Muslim women through sartorial norms in the formative and early post-formative periods of Islamic law. Drawing on works of fiqh (positive law), tafsīr (Qurʾān commentary) and ḥadīth (Prophetic and non-Prophetic reports), I posit that this distinction attests to the tensions between “proprietary” and “theocentric” sexual ethics, as noted by Hina Azam. Specifically, I track the variant transmissions of a widely-cited report featuring the Caliph ʿUmar (r. 13–23/634–44), and trace how jurists responded
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Athaillah, Muhammad Atho. "STUDI KONTEKSTUALISASI HADIS PERSATUAN UMAT BERAGAMA DI INDONESIA." As-Syifa: Journal of Islamic Studies and History 2, no. 2 (2023): 172–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.35132/assyifa.v2i1.276.

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Negara Indonesia adalah termasuk negara yang besar yang mana di dalamnya terdapat berbagai macam etnis dan agama (Islam, kristen, hindu, dll), dan berbagai keyakinan yang berada di dalam masyarakat, oleh sebab itu sikap toleransi dalam beragama merupakan hal yang sangat penting untuk terciptanya persatuan, dan hadits persatuan ini menjelaskan bahwa persatuan itu adalah rahmat, sedangkan perpecahan adalah azab yang sebaiknya tidak ada dalam suatu negara, dan di Indonesia sendiri konflik antar agama itu ada sebagaimana yang terjadi di kabupaten Aceh Singkil, akan tetapi juga ada daerah yang mene
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Ankur, Rastogi, Anurag, K. Pandey A., and Nayan Ram. "Macrocyclic nickei(II) complexes of some polynucleating aza ligands." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 87, Sep 2010 (2010): 1053–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5802011.

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Department of Chemistry, Hindu College, Moradabad-244 001, Uttar Pradesh, India <em>E-mail </em>: ramnayan_2003@yahoo.co.in <em>Manuscript received 4 November 2009, revised 8 March 2010, accepted 16 March 2010</em> The template syntheses or nickel(ll) complexes or three polynucleating aza macrocyeles 1,4, 7 ,10,12,15,18,21- octaazaspiro[10.10]heneicosane (OASH),2,5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 18,21,23,26,29,32-dodecaazatrlcyclo[20.10.0.0<sup>6,17]</sup>dotriacontane (DOCD) and 2,5, 7 ,10,13,16,18,21,23,26,29,32-dodecaaza-1,6,17 ,22-tetrachlorotricyclo[20.10.0.0<sup>6,17</sup>]dotriacontane(DTTD) have been
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Ankur, Rastogi, Anurag, K. Pandey Anil, and Nayan Ram. "Nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes of some polycyclic aza ligands." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 90, Jun 2013 (2013): 783–92. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5773539.

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Department of Applied Chemistry. OP Jindal Institute of Technology, Raigarh-496 001, Chhattisgarh, India Department of Chemistry, Hindu College, Moradabad-244 001, Uttar Pradesh, India <em>E-mail </em>: ramnayan_2003@yahoo.co.in <em>Manuscript received online 11 June 2012, revised 23 July 2012, accepted 24 July 2012</em> Diethylenetriamine condenses with hexachloroethane in the presence of nickel(ll) or copper(ll) ion to produce dodecaaza macrocyclic ligand 3,6,9, 12, 15, 18, 19,22,25,26,29,32-dodecaza-1 ,2, 10, 11-tetrachlorotricyclo[9&middot;7 &middot; 7 &middot;7<sup>2,10</sup>]- dotriacont
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Leslie, Stuart W. "New Universities for a New Nation: American Architects Redesign Higher Education for a Modern Pakistan." International Journal of Islamic Architecture 12, no. 2 (2023): 309–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00115_1.

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Indian Partition in 1947 left Pakistan without an educational infrastructure sufficient to transform itself into a modern nation. Pakistan inherited several universities from the British Raj that had been intended to train civil servants for a colonial territory, not leaders for an independent country. The predominantly Hindu faculty subsequently left for India. Seeking to build new universities on the American model, Pakistan turned to a number of prominent United States-based architects who, in collaboration with their Pakistani colleagues and with funding from US foreign aid programmes and
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Meena, Ranjana, R. P. Ghasolia, Shailesh Godika, Kewal Chand, Raja Ram Bunker, and Pinki Devi Yadav. "Reaction of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Genotypes against Rhizoctonia solani Inciting Root Rot Disease." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 46, no. 10 (2024): 436–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i102966.

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Okra or lady’s finger [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] is known as “Bhindi” in Hindi, is one of the most important summer vegetables of Rajasthan as well as India and belongs to the family Malvaceae. This crop suffers harshly from the vagary of diseases caused by fungi and important one is root rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani, which is an important constraint to the crop and causes significant economic losses and fungicides are the major tool to overcome the disease incidence. As per environment and health issues and demand of organically produced vegetables, it is a major concerned to co
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Pal, Ratan Kumar, A. K. Pal, Rajkumar Chaurasiya, Moomal Bharadwaj, and Ankur Sharma. "Effect of Micronutrients on Productivity and Profitability of Pea (Pisum sativum sub sp. hortense)." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 12 (2023): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i123656.

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A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of micronutrients on productivity and profitability of pea (Pisum sativum sub sp. hortense) at the Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, during the winter season of 2019- 2020. The experiment was laid out in the Randomized Block Design comprising of 9 treatments including control with different concentrations of boron and zinc applied to the pea crop viz., Control, Boron-20(0.06%), Boron-20(0.09%), ZnSo4 (0.03%), ZnSo4 (0.05%), Boron-20(0.06%) + ZnS
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Coningham, Robin, and Nick Lewer. "The Vijayan colonization and the archaeology of identity in Sri Lanka." Antiquity 74, no. 285 (2000): 707–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00060105.

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In my tours throughout the interior, I found ancient monuments, apparently defying decay, of which no one could tell the date or the founder; and temples and cities in ruins, whose destroyers were equally unknown. SIR JAMES EMERSON TENNANT(1859: xxv).There are competing, yet interlinked, identities in Sri Lanka through which people ‘establish, maintain, and protect a sense of self-meaning, predictability, and purpose’ (Northrup 1989: 55). These have become established over hundreds of years, and communities are attributed labels including Sinhala, Tamil, Vadda, Buddhist and Hindu (Coningham &a
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Schätti, Beat, Christoph Kucharzewski, and Frank Tillack. "Platyceps rhodorachis (JAN, 1863) - a study of the racer genus Platyceps BLYTH, 1860 east of the Tigris (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae)." Vertebrate Zoology 64, no. 3 (2014): 297–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.64.e31498.

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Platyceps rhodorachis (Jan, 1863) is a euryoecious polytypic racer distributed from NE Iraq to Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan) and the Himalayas (probably westernmost Nepal). The nominotypical subspecies, occupying most of the species’ range, is polymorphic. The typical (striped) phenotype is absent from certain peripheral areas. Notable geographic variation is observed in the number of ventrals, subcaudals, dorsal scales, or maxillary teeth and in the colour pattern. P. r. ladacensis (Anderson, 1871) is only found from the eastern Hindu Kush into northern Himachal Pradesh (India). Its presence sout
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Schätti, Beat, Christoph Kucharzewski, and Frank Tillack. "Platyceps rhodorachis (Jan, 1863) - a study of." Vertebrate Zoology 64 (December 5, 2014): 297–405. https://doi.org/10.3897/vz.64.e31498.

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Platyceps rhodorachis (Jan, 1863) is a euryoecious polytypic racer distributed from NE Iraq to Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan) and the Himalayas (probably westernmost Nepal). The nominotypical subspecies, occupying most of the species' range, is polymorphic. The typical (striped) phenotype is absent from certain peripheral areas. Notable geographic variation is observed in the number of ventrals, subcaudals, dorsal scales, or maxillary teeth and in the colour pattern. P. r. ladacensis (Anderson, 1871) is only found from the eastern Hindu Kush into northern Himachal Pradesh (India). Its presence sout
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Gautam, Devi Prasad. "“Disgrace, Distress and Death: Traumatized Women in Partition Fiction”." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, no. 7 (2022): 673–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.97.12765.

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This paper analyzes fictional works written around the massive violence of Partition of South Asia into two nations--India and Pakistan--in 1947. It reads short stories such as Saadat Hasan Manto’s “The Return,” Kartar Singh Duggal’s “Kulsum,” Khadija Mastur’s “They Are Taking Me Away, Father, They Are Taking Me Away,” and Ghulam Abbas’s “Avtar: A Hindu Myth;” and novels like Khushwant Singh’s Train to Pakistan, Bapsi Sidhwa’s Cracking India, Bhisham Sahni’s Tamas, and Chaman Nahal’s Azadi to examine the impact of the genocidal violence specifically on female characters. The study finds that t
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Rivera Posada, Jairo A., Carlos H. Riaño, Alejandro Echavarría, et al. "Injertos óseos - Nueva alternativa. Fase III. Obtención, caracterización y evaluación de Hidroxiapatita Sintética y el compuesto de Hidroxiapatita Sintética porosa – Proteínas Morfogenéticas Óseas en un modelo experimental Lapino." Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias 17, no. 1 (2016): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.323920.

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Resumen El propósito de esta investigación fue obtener Hidroxiapatita (HA) sintética de porosidad inducida con características osteoconductivas y mezclarlas con Proteínas Morfogenéticas Óseas (PMO) de características osteoinductivas, para que actuaran sinérgicamente y formaran un material de injerto biocompatible capaz de inducir la diferenciación de células locales a células formadoras de hueso y al mismo tiempo proporcionar un andamio osteoconductivo que dirigiera la formación de nuevo hueso, inmovilizara la molécula inductiva en el sitio de implantación por un tiempo suficiente para influen
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Poonam and Tripuresh Tripathi. "The Great Hero of the Freedom Struggle from Kanpur: Azimullah Khan." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 10, no. 1 (2025): 276–80. https://doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2025.v10.n1.032.

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After the establishment of British rule in India for 100 years, the first struggle for freedom began in 1857. It started on May 10, 1857, in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. Although Azimullah Khan, along with Nana Sahib, had planned this struggle for independence in Bithoor (Kanpur). This article is not about the causes of the war or its failure. It is solely about Azimullah Khan, who was against British rule throughout his life and, when the time came, played his role in the freedom struggle. Some writers, including Syed Lutfullah in his book Azimullah Khan Yusufzai: The Man Behind the War of Independ
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Moosa, Najma. "How Loud Is Too Loud? Competing Rights to Religious Freedom and Property and the Muslim Call to Prayer (Adhan or Azan) in South Africa." Religions 12, no. 5 (2021): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12050349.

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This article approaches the position of the call to prayer (adhan or azan) in South Africa from the perspective of both legislation and case law. Although only an unamplified adhan has religious status in Islam, Muslim religious authorities (ulama) have since the twentieth century also approved of, and permitted, an amplified adhan. The adhan has been rendered in both forms from South African mosques (masjids) for some 223 years. However, the unamplified adhan has recently come under the legal and judicial spotlight when the volume of its rendering by human voice was restricted. In August 2020
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Mr., Mansavi Patyar. "Is it a return gift to Bhagat Singh ?" RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 03, no. 08 (2018): 731–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1403484.

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Shaheed-e-Azam Bhagat Singh once said, &ldquo;it"s easy to kill a person but not his ideology.&rdquo; Isn"t it opposite in this present world? Bhagat Singh is still alive as a person, but his ideology is thing of past. He said anything that is intolerable towards independent thoughts should be abolished. This is a part of Lahore"s manifesto of &bdquo;Naojawan Bharat Sabha" in 1928. Is media playing same role as it played during Singh"s time or it has changed? Ex-cept a few ones, isn"t reporting by media going through a phase of com-mercialization? Because in 1928, as per Bhagat Singh, it has e
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Asim, Jaiswal. "Article 370." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 2, no. 5 (2018): 1011–16. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd17026.

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Article 370 deals exclusively with Jammu and Kashmir State that came under the administrative control of the Government of India after the country&#39;s 15 month war that Pakistan started in 1947 to seize sovereignty and is arguably the most controversial provision of the Constitution of India. x The origin of Article 370 can be traced back to British Raj in India. Prior to the partition of 1947, India was divided in two different sets of geographical regions provinces which constituted 60 of the land area of the sub continent known as British India and princely states which constituted the re
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Mandal, Keshab Chandra. "INDIA IS A SPIRITUAL LEADER: MYTH OR REALITY." ANGLISTICUM. Journal of the Association-Institute for English Language and American Studies 12, no. 4 (2023): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.58885/ijllis.v12i4.51km.

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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;There is a buzzword in the world about India’s being a spiritual leader. The patriot classical Hindu protagonists are advocating vehemently for (re)establishing its old and golden image to the people, especially the students and youths in this vast country and the world as a whole. India just completed the celebration of Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsab (Nectar Festival of Freedom) by commemorating its 75th year of Independence (from 1947 to 2022). India, henceforth, decided to celebrate the next twenty-five years as the “Amrit Kaal” i.e., golden period (from 2022-2047). During thi
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Mishra, Satyendra. "CONCEPT OF RUDRA PASHUPATI AMONG BRAHMINS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 9, no. 2 (2021): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i2.2021.3288.

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English : Seven names of Rudra are also mentioned in the Atharvaveda, which appear to be the principal names of Shiva in the later Shaiva sects. These seven names are - bhava, sharava, pashupati, avid, rudra, mahadev, ishaan. Although it is common that all these Namdhari deities are depicted as different deities. Bhava and Shiva are said to be the deity ruling over animals and humans. No human or deity can escape from their arrows. He is invited to kill Yatu Dhanu (demon) and other evil spirits. The body has been called the arrowhead and Bhava has been called the king. A desire has also been e
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Agrawal, Bharti. "Children at War: Bal Sena of Azad Hind Fauz." International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research 7, no. 3 (2025). https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i03.46874.

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Netaji Subhsh Chadra Bose was incredibly a great leader of India. At that time, when the whole world was on the verge of Second World War, he risked his life for the shake of motherland. ‘Enemy of the enemy is a friend’ was his war tactic and Azad Hind Fauj was his weapon to fight against British Imperialism. As a result, alliance between Japan and Indian independence movement came into existence. The women regiment under this Fauj was probably the world’s first women army. Bal Sena was another milestone set by him to achieve his goal. This paper aims to explore the Bal Sena, a youth organizat
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Raza, Muhammad Mahmood, and Hafiz Abdul Majeed. "CRITICAL STUDY OF TANZEEM-E-ISLAMI’S REVOLUTIONARY THOUGHT AND ITS STAGES." Islamic Sciences 04, no. 01 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.52337/islsci.v4i1.56.

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Indeed, today is the era of western supremacy. But it is also a satisfying aspect that many movements in the Muslim world are trying to bring about Islamic revolution. Each party and movement has adopted its own methodology for the success of this task. For example some took the military approach, some adopted a democratic political electoral method and some chose the revolutionary path. Among these movements one is Tanzeem e Islami Pakistan, which has its own distinctive Islamic revolutionary concept. Tanzeem e Islami is neither the political party nor the religious sect, it is an islamic rev
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