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Thematische Bibliographien / Biais cognitifs – Diagnostic / Zeitschriftenartikel

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Biais cognitifs – Diagnostic“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 25. Mai 2024

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 31. Juli 2025

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1

Field, Morton H. "Cognitive bias and diagnostic error (November 2015)." Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 83, no. 6 (2016): 407–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.83c.06003.

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Scott, Parker, Leslie Sim, David Soma, Bo E. Madsen, and Bjorg Thorsteinsdottir. "Sprains, Strains and Growing Pains: Managing Cognitive Bias to Facilitate Timely Diagnosis in Pediatric Sports Medicine." Children 12, no. 6 (2025): 784. https://doi.org/10.3390/children12060784.

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Background: Diagnostic delay and error represent pervasive problems in healthcare with grave implications for treatment and prognosis. Though characteristic of human cognition, cognitive biases commonly contribute to delays in the physician decision-making process, particularly in atypical or complex presentations in youth. Methods: We present a case series of three adolescent athletes with varied clinical presentations whose diagnostic conceptualization and treatment were delayed in part due to cognitive biases with consequences for overall health and development, as well as return to sport.

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Aoki, Yosuke. "2. Introducing Representative Cognitive Bias (in Diagnostic Reasoning)." Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 108, Suppl (2019): 139b—140a. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.108.139b.

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Aoki, Yosuke. "2. Introducing Representative Cognitive Bias (in Diagnostic Reasoning)." Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 108, no. 9 (2019): 1842–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.108.1842.

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Maddison, Jill, and Helen Dirrig. "Diagnostic bias and its impact on clinical decision making." Companion Animal 30, no. 7 (2025): 2–6. https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2024.0025.

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Clinical decision making is a fundamental part of practicing veterinary medicine and can be a complex process. All clinicians are at risk of diagnostic bias, and diagnostic bias can lead to medical errors. Medical errors are estimated to occur in up to 15% of patients in the human healthcare system, and it seems unlikely that the level of error in veterinary practice is substantially better. This article will discuss how clinicians make clinical decisions using a combination of type I (fast) and type II (slow) thinking strategies as well as factors that can lead to medical errors. Cognitive er

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Mull, Nikhil, James B. Reilly, and Jennifer S. Myers. "In reply: Cognitive bias and diagnostic error (November 2015)." Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 83, no. 6 (2016): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.83c.06004.

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Nichols, Emma, Yizhou Chen, Adina Zeki Al Hazzouri, et al. "VISION IMPAIRMENT AND COGNITION IN INDIA: ASSOCIATIONS AFTER ADJUSTMENT FOR POTENTIAL BIAS." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (2023): 1156–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.3711.

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Abstract Increasing evidence suggests that vision impairment may be an important modifiable risk factor for dementia, particularly in low- and middle-income settings where the prevalence of uncorrected vision impairment is high. Although prior studies in various settings, including India, have found strong associations between vision impairment and cognition, this work has not considered potential bias in cognitive testing due to vision impairment. We evaluated and adjusted for measurement differences by vision impairment status using data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India–Diagnostic

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Watari, Takashi, Yasuharu Tokuda, Yu Amano, Kazumichi Onigata, and Hideyuki Kanda. "Cognitive Bias and Diagnostic Errors among Physicians in Japan: A Self-Reflection Survey." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 8 (2022): 4645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084645.

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This cross-sectional study aimed to clarify how cognitive biases and situational factors related to diagnostic errors among physicians. A self-reflection questionnaire survey on physicians’ most memorable diagnostic error cases was conducted at seven conferences: one each in Okayama, Hiroshima, Matsue, Izumo City, and Osaka, and two in Tokyo. Among the 147 recruited participants, 130 completed and returned the questionnaires. We recruited primary care physicians working in various specialty areas and settings (e.g., clinics and hospitals). Results indicated that the emergency department was th

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Nosker, Jennifer L., Stephen L. Aita, Nicholas C. Borgogna, et al. "35 The Effect of Diagnostic Method on Racial Disparities in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Diagnosis Using the NACC Database." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (2023): 909–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617723011177.

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Objective:Population studies have shown that Black individuals are at higher risk for MCI and dementia than White individuals but are more likely to be underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. Although multiple contributory factors have been identified in relation to neurocognitive diagnostic disparities among persons of color, few studies have investigated race-associated differences in MCI and dementia classification across diagnostic methods. The current study examined the agreement of cognitive classification made via semi-structured interview and neuropsychological assessment.Participants and Meth

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Mutlak, Zeinab, Noor Saqer, See Chai Carol Chan, Azeem Majeed, and Waseem Jerjes. "The Misdiagnosis Tracker: Enhancing Diagnostic Reasoning Through Cognitive Bias Awareness and Error Analysis." Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 12 (2025): 4139. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14124139.

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Introduction: Diagnostic accuracy is essential for good-quality medical practice, and yet diagnostic errors remain widespread, influencing patient outcomes, healthcare costs, and clinician confidence. “Misdiagnosis Tracker” aims to instil error analysis into medical education and shift the focus toward the learning of lessons from errors in diagnosis. This study investigates how systematic review of diagnostic errors enhances medical students’ competence in diagnostic reasoning, identification of cognitive bias, and identification of atypical presentations. Methods: A cohort of 65 final-year m

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Burke, Shanna L., Miriam J. Rodriguez, Warren Barker, et al. "Relationship between Cognitive Performance and Measures of Neurodegeneration among Hispanic and White Non-Hispanic Individuals with Normal Cognition, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Dementia." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 24, no. 2 (2017): 176–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617717000820.

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AbstractObjectives:The aim of this study was to determine the presence and severity of potential cultural and language bias in widely used cognitive and other assessment instruments, using structural MRI measures of neurodegeneration as biomarkers of disease stage and severity.Methods:Hispanic (n=75) and White non-Hispanic (WNH) (n=90) subjects were classified as cognitively normal (CN), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and mild dementia. Performance on the culture-fair and educationally fair Fuld Object Memory Evaluation (FOME) and Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR) between Hispani

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Loving, Vilert A., Elizabeth M. Valencia, Bhavika Patel, and Brian S. Johnston. "The Role of Cognitive Bias in Breast Radiology Diagnostic and Judgment Errors." Journal of Breast Imaging 2, no. 4 (2020): 382–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbi/wbaa023.

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Abstract Cognitive bias is an unavoidable aspect of human decision-making. In breast radiology, these biases contribute to missed or erroneous diagnoses and mistaken judgments. This article introduces breast radiologists to eight cognitive biases commonly encountered in breast radiology: anchoring, availability, commission, confirmation, gambler’s fallacy, omission, satisfaction of search, and outcome. In addition to illustrative cases, this article offers suggestions for radiologists to better recognize and counteract these biases at the individual level and at the organizational level.

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Olson, Robert, Maureen Parkinson, and Michael McKenzie. "Selection Bias Introduced by Neuropsychological Assessments." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 37, no. 2 (2010): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100010039.

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Objective:Two prospective studies in patient with brain tumours were performed comparing the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The first assessed their feasibility and the second compared their diagnostic accuracy against a four-hour neuropsychological assessment (NPA). The introduction of the NPA decreased accrual and retention rates. We were therefore concerned regarding potential selection bias.Methods:Ninety-two patients were prospectively accrued and subsequently divided into three categories: a) no NPA required b) withdrew consent to NPA c

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Flaks, M. K., O. V. Forlenza, F. S. Pereira, L. F. Viola, and M. S. Yassuda. "Short Cognitive Performance Test: Diagnostic Accuracy and Education Bias in Older Brazilian Adults." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 24, no. 3 (2009): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acp033.

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Sherbino, J., S. Monteiro, J. Ilgen, E. Hayden, E. Howey, and G. Norman. "P139: How available is availability bias? Examining factors that influence diagnostic error." CJEM 20, S1 (2018): S106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2018.337.

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Introduction: Cognitive bias is often cited as an explanation for diagnostic errors. Of the numerous cognitive biases currently discussed in the literature, availability bias, defined as the current case reminds you of a recent similar example is most well-known. Despite the ubiquity of cognitive biases in medical and popular literature, there is surprisingly little evidence to substantiate these claims. The present study sought to measure the influence of availability bias and identify contributing factors that may increase susceptibility to the influence of a recent similar case. Methods: To

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Raza, Muhammad Waqas, Maria Zubair, Mailk Irfan Ahmed, and Rehan Ahmed Khan. "Cognitive disposition to respond in postgraduate trainees of general surgery at Rawalpindi Medical University." Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 24, no. 3 (2020): 240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24i3.1373.

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Introduction: Cognitive biases leading to diagnostic errors are associate with adverse outcomes and compromise patient safety and contribute to morbidity and mortality. Exploration and identification of cognitive biases have been a difficult task for the clinicians and medical educators. The literature is deficient in the identification of cognitive biases in surgical trainees. The objective of the study was to identify various cognitive biases that may negatively impact clinical reasoning skills and lead to diagnostic errors in trainees of general surgery. Materials and Methods: A quant

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Broomfield, Niall M., Andrew I. Gumley, and Colin A. Espie. "Candidate Cognitive Processes in Psychophysiologic Insomnia." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 19, no. 1 (2005): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/jcop.19.1.5.66328.

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In this review, we begin by highlighting the lack of available evidence to support current diagnostic criteria for psychophysiologic insomnia. We then outline 3 new testable candidate cognitive processes in psychophysiologic insomnia: attention bias, sleep effort, and metacognitive beliefs. Each candidate element is carefully described. Evidence of involvement in insomnia maintenance is discussed based on the existing literature. The need for an experimental research agenda to examine the interplay of these candidate cognitive processes is then emphasized. Research ideas are presented througho

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Eichbaum, Quentin, Brian Adkins, Laura Craig-Owens, et al. "Mortality and morbidity rounds (MMR) in pathology: relative contribution of cognitive bias vs. systems failures to diagnostic error." Diagnosis 6, no. 3 (2019): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dx-2018-0089.

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Abstract Background Heuristics and cognitive biases are thought to play an important role in diagnostic medical error. How to systematically determine and capture these kinds of errors remains unclear. Morbidity and mortality rounds (MMRs) are generally focused on reducing medical error by identifying and correcting systems failures. However, they may also provide an educational platform for recognizing and raising awareness on cognitive errors. Methods A total of 49 MMR cases spanning the period 2008–2015 in our pathology department were examined for the presence of cognitive errors and/or sy

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Tanwani, Rajiv, Mercy O. Danquah, Nina Butris, et al. "Diagnostic accuracy of Ascertain Dementia 8-item Questionnaire by participant and informant–A systematic review and meta-analysis." PLOS ONE 18, no. 9 (2023): e0291291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0291291.

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Background The Ascertain Dementia 8-item Questionnaire (AD8) is a screening tool for cognitive impairment that can be administered to older persons and/or their informants. Objectives To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and compare the predictive parameters of the informant and participant-completed Ascertain Dementia 8-item Questionnaire (iAD8 and pAD8, respectively) in older adults with cognitive impairment. Methods/Design We searched ten electronic databases (including MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase) from tool inception to March 2022. We included studies with patients ≥60 years old that were screen

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Fujimori, Taichi, Ryuichi Ohta, and Chiaki Sano. "Diagnostic Errors in Japanese Community Hospitals and Related Factors: A Retrospective Cohort Study." Healthcare 11, no. 11 (2023): 1539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11111539.

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Diagnostic error has recently become a crucial clinical problem and an area of intense research. However, the reality of diagnostic errors in regional hospitals remains unknown. This study aimed to clarify the reality of diagnostic errors in regional hospitals in Japan. A 10-month retrospective cohort study was conducted from January to October 2021 at the emergency room of Oda Municipal Hospital in central Shimane Prefecture, Japan. Participants were divided into groups with or without diagnostic errors, and independent variables of patient, physician, and environmental factors were analyzed

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Smith, Brent W., and Michael B. Slack. "The effect of cognitive debiasing training among family medicine residents." Diagnosis 2, no. 2 (2015): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dx-2015-0007.

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AbstractDebiasing education has been recommended for physicians in training. We report on the efficacy of a workshop designed to aid family medicine residents recognize and respond to their risk of misdiagnosis due to cognitive biases during patient care.Residents participated in a debiasing workshop in which they were taught to recognize and respond to cognitive biases likely to contribute to misdiagnosis. Metacognition was introduced and cognitive forcing strategies were demonstrated and practiced. While precepting clinic visits, attendings evaluated residents in the following areas: 1) diag

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Jeevakumar, Varshanie, Rebekah Sefton, Joyce Chan, et al. "Association between retinal markers and cognition in older adults: a systematic review." BMJ Open 12, no. 6 (2022): e054657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054657.

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ObjectivesTo appraise the existing literature reporting an association between retinal markers and cognitive impairment in adults aged 65 years and over and to provide directions for future use of retinal scanning as a potential tool for dementia diagnosis.DesignSystematic review of peer-reviewed empirical articles investigating the association of retinal markers in assessing cognitive impairment.Data sourcesThree electronic databases, Medline, PsycINFO and EMBASE were searched from inception until March 2022.Eligibility criteriaAll empirical articles in English investigating the association b

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Taha, Hash Brown. "A META-ANALYSIS OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES BIOMARKERS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND RELATED DEMENTIAS." Innovation in Aging 8, Supplement_1 (2024): 1359. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae098.4336.

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Abstract Accurate differential diagnosis of dementia disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD), and vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID), along with conditions like prodromal mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or negative controls (NCs), continues to challenge neurologists. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a popular tool for their capacity to encapsulate disease-specific signatures, particularly in neurodegenerative and neurological disorders. To this end, we have perfor

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Riordan, Patrick, Sandra L. Kletzel, Genessa Lahr, Jamie Walter, and Randi Wilson. "Directional Bias in Line Orientation Test Errors in Parkinson’s Disease." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, no. 6 (2020): 683–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa020.

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Abstract Objective Value in evaluating error subtypes on visuospatial line orientation tests has been reported. Directional bias metrics for line orientation test errors represent easily quantifiable data that have not previously been studied. We evaluated whether patients with a clinical condition known to affect visuospatial functioning (Parkinson’s disease [PD]) exhibited unique directional error patterns on the RBANS Line Orientation test relative to other neuropsychology-referred patients. Method We compared overall directional bias in errors, directional bias by line location (left or ri

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Coelho, Carlos Magalhães, Kullaya Pisitsungkagarn, Nattasuda Taephant, and Fernando Barbosa. "INSIGHT IN SPECIFIC PHOBIAS: A FORGOTTEN BIAS." Acta Neuropsychologica 15, no. 4 (2017): 467–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7774.

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The term insight is a major concept in psychiatry, which nonetheless has a number of different connotations ranging from awareness of one’s disorder to achieving a clear and sudden solution of a problem or anosognosia. Although this concept is ubiquitous in the psychological literature, its definition is not clear, including in DSM-5; the most commonly used diagnostic system for mental disorders. This turns its use ambiguous, particularly for those who are not familiar with the historical background of the word. Here, we aim to a better understanding of insight in specific phobias and discuss

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Morrison, Hamish D., Dafydd Morgan, Duncan J. McLauchlan, Catherine Clenaghan, and Anne E. Rosser. "Delayed diagnosis of spinal cord injuries in Huntington’s disease." Practical Neurology 21, no. 3 (2021): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/practneurol-2020-002854.

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Huntington’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterised by progressive cognitive, motor and psychiatric symptoms. Patients with advanced disease presenting to emergency medical services can pose a diagnostic and management challenge for physicians unfamiliar with the condition. We describe two patients with Huntington’s disease in whom the diagnosis of traumatic spinal cord injury was delayed, discuss the role that cognitive bias and other factors played in this delay, and the lessons we can learn.

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Featherston, Rebecca Jean, Aron Shlonsky, Courtney Lewis, et al. "Interventions to Mitigate Bias in Social Work Decision-Making: A Systematic Review." Research on Social Work Practice 29, no. 7 (2018): 741–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731518819160.

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Purpose: This systematic review synthesized evidence supporting interventions aimed at mitigating cognitive bias associated with the decision-making of social work professionals. Methods: A systematic search was conducted within 10 social services and health-care databases. Review authors independently screened studies in duplicate against prespecified inclusion criteria, and two review authors undertook data extraction and quality assessment. Results: Four relevant studies were identified. Because these studies were too heterogeneous to conduct meta-analyses, results are reported narratively.

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Dr. Ankit Kumar and Dr. Mohit Arora. "Cognitive Linguistics in Medicine: How Language Shapes Perception, Decision-Making and Patient Care." International Journal of Linguistics Applied Psychology and Technology (IJLAPT) 2, no. 02(Feb) (2025): 25–34. https://doi.org/10.69889/ijlapt.v2i02(feb).93.

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Language plays a pivotal role in medicine, influencing clinical decision-making, patient perceptions, and healthcare outcomes. Cognitive linguistics and psychology provide crucial insights into how linguistic framing, biases, and communication strategies impact medical practice. The framing effect, cognitive biases such as anchoring and confirmation bias, and the psychological implications of medical terminology significantly alter both physician and patient decision-making. Additionally, effective doctor-patient communication fosters trust and improves treatment adherence, while language barr

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Rudnay, Maros, and Peter Kovac. "Bias, Fatigue and other Factors as a Potential Source of Errors in Medical Practice and Forensic Medicine." Romanian Journal of Legal Medicine 32, no. 1 (2024): 46–51. https://doi.org/10.4323/rjlm.2024.46.

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Confirmation bias is cognitive tendency to favor, information that supports or is in accordance with one’s existing beliefs in process of acquisition or evaluation. This cognitive fallacy is common in everyday decision decision-making including among experts and professionals. Decision making forms a substantial part of work process in different medical specialties. Particularly in diagnostic disciplines preliminary information about case can significantly impact medical professional’s judgment. This can affect patient outcome, and in alleged malpractice cases have legal consequences for medic

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Abayomi, Simisola Naomi, Praveen Sritharan, Ellene Yan, et al. "The diagnostic accuracy of the Mini-Cog screening tool for the detection of cognitive impairment—A systematic review and meta-analysis." PLOS ONE 19, no. 3 (2024): e0298686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0298686.

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Background The Mini-Cog is a rapid screening tool that can be administered to older adults to detect cognitive impairment (CI); however, the accuracy of the Mini-Cog to detect CI for older patients in various healthcare settings is unclear. Objectives To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the Mini-Cog to screen for cognitive impairment in older patients across different healthcare settings. Methods/Design We searched nine electronic databases (including MEDLINE, Embase) from inception to January 2023. We included studies with patients ≥60 years old undergoing screening for cognitive impairmen

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Chaves, Antônio Barbosa, Alexandre Sampaio Moura, Rosa Malena Delbone de Faria, and Ligia Cayres Ribeiro. "The use of deliberate reflection to reduce confirmation bias among orthopedic surgery residents." Scientia Medica 32, no. 1 (2022): e42216. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2022.1.42216.

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Introduction: cognitive biases might affect decision-making processes such as clinical reasoning and confirmation bias is among the most important ones. The use of strategies that stimulate deliberate reflection during the diagnostic process seems to reduce availability bias, but its effect in reducing confirmation bias needs to be evaluated.Aims: to examine whether deliberate reflection reduces confirmation bias and increases the diagnostic accuracy of orthopedic residents solving written clinical cases.Methods: experimental study comparing the diagnostic accuracy of orthopedic residents in t

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Uchevatkin, A. A., A. L. Yudin, N. I. Afanas'yeva, and E. A. Yumatova. "Shades of grey: how and why we make mistakes." Medical Visualization 24, no. 3 (2020): 123–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24835/1607-0763-2020-3-123-145.

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Purpose: to consider the epidemiology and classification of errors in radiologic diagnostics.Materials and methods. The analysis of articles devoted to elucidating the possible causes of diagnostic errors published before 2019 is carried out. A retrospective analysis of the research results revealed the most frequent cognitive biases affecting clinical decision making. Strategies have been developed to combat these distortions, which minimize the likelihood of errors.Discussion. Image analysis by doctors is a complex work based on a combination of psychophysiological and cognitive processes, w

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Chia, Doris X. Y., and Melvyn W. B. Zhang. "A Scoping Review of Cognitive Bias in Internet Addiction and Internet Gaming Disorders." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1 (2020): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010373.

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Internet addiction and Internet gaming disorders are increasingly prevalent. Whilst there has been much focus on the use of conventional psychological approaches in the treatment of individuals with these addictive disorders, there has also been ongoing research exploring the potential of cognitive bias modification amongst individuals with Internet and gaming addiction. Some studies have documented the presence of cognitive biases and the effectiveness of bias modification for Internet addiction and gaming disorders. However, there have not been any reviews that have synthesized the findings

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Manzanares Tesón, N., M. Solé, M. J. Algora, A. Cabezas, and V. Sánchez-Gistau. "Cognitive biases in first psychotic episode with Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder: a controlled study." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (2022): S204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.535.

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Introduction Cognitive biases are a core feature of psychotic disorders. Moreover, people with first episode of psychosis (FEP) have more difficulties in social cognition, in particular in theory of mind. On the other hand, deficits in processing speed and distractibility appear to be core features of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and impairment in these basic processes can lead to deficits in more complex functions, that could induced to cognitive biases. Objectives To evaluate whether FEP with and without ADHD differ in the rate and type of cognitive biases. Methods Partici

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Shimizu, Taro, and Itiel E. Dror. "History information management strategy for minimising biases and noise for improved medical diagnosis." BMJ Open Quality 12, no. 3 (2023): e002367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2023-002367.

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Despite measures for physicians’ excellence in diagnosis, the need for improvement of medical history techniques has been pointed out as one of the critical elements for improving diagnosis. Specific and proactive frameworks related to methods of effective history acquisition are needed to minimise bias and optimise decision-making. Therefore, this paper uses Linear Sequential Unmasking- Expanded to develop and propose a structured medical history acquisition strategy. The strength of this lies in its reliance on cognitive psychological processes. Breaking information gatherings and decisions

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Reilly, James B., Alexis R. Ogdie, Joan M. Von Feldt, and Jennifer S. Myers. "Teaching about how doctors think: a longitudinal curriculum in cognitive bias and diagnostic error for residents." BMJ Quality & Safety 22, no. 12 (2013): 1044–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2013-001987.

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Patel, Bhargav, Benjamin Jarrett, and Billie Bixby. "DIAGNOSTIC ERROR AND COGNITIVE BIAS IN THE ERA OF COVID-19: DON’T FORGET ABOUT ENDEMIC DISEASES." Chest 158, no. 4 (2020): A541—A542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.08.512.

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Sherbino, Jonathan, Kulamakan Kulasegaram, Elizabeth Howey, and Geoffrey Norman. "Ineffectiveness of cognitive forcing strategies to reduce biases in diagnostic reasoning: a controlled trial." CJEM 16, no. 01 (2014): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/8000.2013.130860.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: Cognitive forcing strategies (CFS)may reduce error arising from cognitive biases. This is the first experimental test to determine the effect of CFS training in medical students. Methods: Students were allocated to CFS training or control during a 4-week emergency medicine rotation (n = 191). At the end of the rotation examination, students were tested using computer-based cases. Application of CFS could enable reduction of diagnostic error, as evidenced by identifying multiple correct diagnoses for the two cases prone to search satisficing bias (SSB) and uncommon diagnose

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Gillespie, Kerri M., Alexander H. Dymond, Xin Li, et al. "A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Cognitive Training in the Treatment of Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorder." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 15 (2024): 4348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13154348.

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Introduction: The one unifying and distinguishing feature of all neuropsychiatric illnesses is the co-occurrence of cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive training (CT) was developed to enhance neural connectivity and cognition and improve day-to-day functioning. However, the benefits of CT are still debated. This current systematic review aimed to examine the efficacy of CT and to identify diagnostic and CT characteristics associated with superior outcomes across a range of psychiatric disorders. Method: Studies investigating CT in psychiatric illnesses were extracted from Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, P

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Bhatia, Triptish, Akhilesh Agarwal, Gyandeepak Shah, et al. "Adjunctive cognitive remediation for schizophrenia using yoga: an open, non-randomised trial." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 24, no. 2 (2012): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5215.2011.00587.x.

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Background:Yoga therapy (YT) improves cognitive function in healthy individuals, but its impact on cognitive function among persons with schizophrenia (SZ) has not been investigated.Objective:To evaluate the adjunctive YT for cognitive domains impaired in SZ.Methods:Patients with SZ received YT or treatment as usual (TAU;n= 65,n= 23, respectively). Accuracy and speed for seven cognitive domains were assessed using a computerised neurocognitive battery (CNB), thus minimising observer bias. Separately, YT was evaluated among patients with bipolar I disorder (n= 40), major depressive disorder (n=

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Piguet, Olivier. "2022 ASSBI PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS. Reflections on language and primary progressive aphasias." Brain Impairment 23, no. 3 (2022): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/brimp.2022.25.

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AbstractPrimary progressive aphasias are rare younger-onset dementias. As the label denotes, these dementias are characterised clinically by marked changes in language skills. Evidence over the years has shown that individuals with primary progressive aphasia experience widespread cognitive and behavioural changes that extend beyond language. This evidence, however, seems to be largely ignored or downplayed. This article proposes that linguistic relativity which induces a cognitive bias may be responsible for this omission; it also indicates that a revision of the current diagnostic criteria m

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Czerwinski-Alley, Natasha C., Tamara Chithiramohan, Hari Subramaniam, Lucy Beishon, and Elizabeta B. Mukaetova-Ladinska. "The Effect of Translation and Cultural Adaptations on Diagnostic Accuracy and Test Performance in Dementia Cognitive Screening Tools: A Systematic Review." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports 8, no. 1 (2024): 659–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/adr-230198.

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Background: The current cognitive tests have been developed based on and standardized against Western constructs and normative data. With older people of minority ethnic background increasing across Western countries, there is a need for cognitive screening tests to address factors which influence performance bias and timely diagnostic dementia accuracy. The diagnostic accuracy in translated and culturally adapted cognitive screening tests and their impact on test performance in diverse populations have not been well addressed to date. Objective: This review aims to highlight considerations re

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Sun, Ruifeng, Xiaoling Li, Ziman Zhu, et al. "Effects of Combined Cognitive and Exercise Interventions on Poststroke Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." BioMed Research International 2021 (November 17, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4558279.

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Objective. We investigated combined cognitive and exercise interventions in the literature and summarized their effectiveness in improving poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Data Sources. Electronic databases and trial registries were searched from their inception until July 2020. Study Selection. Trials were collected with the following study inclusion criteria: (1) patients over 18 years of age who were diagnosed with PSCI; (2) combined cognitive-exercise interventions, regardless of the order of the two types of interventions or whether they were administered simultaneously; (3) any co

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Al-Khafaji, Jawad, Ryan F. Townsend, Whitney Townsend, Vineet Chopra, and Ashwin Gupta. "Checklists to reduce diagnostic error: a systematic review of the literature using a human factors framework." BMJ Open 12, no. 4 (2022): e058219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058219.

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ObjectivesTo apply a human factors framework to understand whether checklists reduce clinical diagnostic error have (1) gaps in composition; and (2) components that may be more likely to reduce errors.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesPubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science were searched through 15 February 2022.Eligibility criteriaAny article that included a clinical checklist aimed at improving the diagnostic process. Checklists were defined as any structured guide intended to elicit additional thinking regarding diagnosis.Data extraction and synthesisTwo authors independently reviewed a

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Altabbaa, Ghazwan, Amanda D. Raven, and Jason Laberge. "A simulation-based approach to training in heuristic clinical decision-making." Diagnosis 6, no. 2 (2019): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dx-2018-0084.

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Abstract Background Cognitive biases may negatively impact clinical decision-making. The dynamic nature of a simulation environment can facilitate heuristic decision-making which can serve as a teaching opportunity. Methods Momentum bias, confirmation bias, playing-the-odds bias, and order-effect bias were integrated into four simulation scenarios. Clinical simulation educators and human factors specialists designed a script of events during scenarios to trigger heuristic decision-making. Debriefing included the exploration of frames (mental models) resulting in the observed actions, as well a

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Papuda-Dolińska, Beata, Tomasz Knopik, Grażyna Krasowicz-Kupis, and Katarzyna Wiejak. "The Psychological Assessment of Students with Developmental Needs – Universal Design Approach." International Journal of Special Education (IJSE) 38, no. 3 (2023): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.52291/ijse.2023.38.38.

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The purpose of this article is to present the application of the universal design model in the broad field of psychological assessment for education, covering the area of creating diagnostic tools as well as designing the process of assessment. A universally designed diagnostic tool enables fair and valid assessments of a wide range of users, including individuals with special educational needs. It also helps prevent bias in test scoring and interpretation and, at the same time, enables fairness in test use. The authors present the synthesis of the guidelines concerning the design of universal

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Petrova-Antonova, Dessislava, Ivaylo Spasov, Yanita Petkova, Ilina Manova, and Sylvia Ilieva. "CogniSoft: A Platform for the Automation of Cognitive Assessment and Rehabilitation of Multiple Sclerosis." Computers 9, no. 4 (2020): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers9040093.

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Cognitive disorders remain a major cause of disability in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). They lead to unemployment, the need for daily assistance, and a poor quality of life. The understanding of the origin, factors, processes, and consequences of cognitive disfunction is key to its prevention, early diagnosis, and rehabilitation. The neuropsychological testing and continuous monitoring of cognitive status as part of the overall evaluation of patients with MS in parallel with clinical and paraclinical examinations are highly recommended. In order to improve health and disease understanding, a close

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Santana, Felipe Mendonça de, Jayme Fogagnolo Cobra, and Camille Pinto Figueiredo. "Les biais cognitifs dans le diagnostic de fibromyalgie." Revue du Rhumatisme, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rhum.2022.09.006.

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Aubry, Lola, Jean Marie Annoni, Andrea Humm, and Mélanie Genetti Gatfield. "Biais cognitifs dans le diagnostic de maladie d’Alzheimer." Swiss Archives of Neurology, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, December 13, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2023.1165935729.

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Messer, Laurent, Lionel Spielmann, Paul Moreau, et al. "Biais cognitifs et erreurs de diagnostic: exemple des spondyloarthrites." Revue du Rhumatisme, February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rhum.2024.02.011.

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