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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Buildings Environmental engineering“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Buildings Environmental engineering"
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Zhou, Ruina. "Research on the Application of Thermal Insulation Materials in Construction Engineering." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 106 (July 16, 2024): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/sfzt7648.
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As one of the most important supporting industries of urbanization, the construction industry has also caused environmental pollution and other problems in the process of rapid expansion. Therefore, promoting the development of green buildings and intelligent buildings and improving the quality of buildings is an inevitable trend in the current construction industry, which reflects the necessity of insulation materials in environmental protection and energy saving building materials. This paper classifies the application of thermal insulation materials in building engineering, and lists some common and new environmental protection and energy saving materials. On the basis of understanding the characteristics of environmental protection materials, their application value are also understood deeply. The research results show that insulation materials are developing in the direction of high performance, environmental protection, sustainable and intelligent, showing more diversified and efficient characteristics. The future of insulation is expected to showcase more innovative solutions to meet changing market demands and environmental demands.
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Selecká, Iveta, Silvia Vilčeková, and Andrea Moňoková. "Verification of building environmental assessment system for houses." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 14, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2019-0006.
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Abstract Sustainable construction and its architecture of buildings seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency in the use of materials, energy, and development space and the ecosystem at large. Sustainable buildings use a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment in cities. This article is devoted to the environmental assessment of three family houses which represent three different material and design solutions. The houses were evaluated through the Slovak building environmental assessment system (BEAS), which has been developed for Slovak conditions at the Faculty of Civil Engineering, TUKE. This study shows that the influence of green design, compared to traditional construction, is important and more beneficial for the practice of designing sustainable buildings. It creates the most comprehensive relationship between the building and its environment and significantly affects building sustainability.
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Millán-Martínez, Marlón, Germán Osma-Pinto, and Julián Jaramillo-Ibarra. "Estimating a Building’s Energy Performance using a Composite Indicator: A Case Study." TecnoLógicas 25, no. 54 (August 3, 2022): e2352. http://dx.doi.org/10.22430/22565337.2352.
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Several studies have analyzed the integration of energy-saving strategies in buildings to mitigate their environmental impact. These studies focused mainly on a disaggregated analysis of such strategies and their effects on the building's energy consumption and thermal behavior, using energy engine simulation software (EnergyPlus, TRNSYS, and DOE2) or graphical interface software (DesignBuilder, eQuest, and ESP-r). However, buildings are complex systems whose energy behavior depends on the interaction of passive (e.g., location and construction materials) and dynamic (e.g., occupation) components. Therefore, this study proposes a composite indicator Building’s Energy Performance (BEP) as an alternative to deal with this complex and multidimensional phenomenon in a simplified way. This indicator considers energy efficiency and thermal comfort. The Electrical Engineering Building (EEB) of the Universidad Industrial de Santander was selected to verify the performance of the BEP indicator. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was performed for different mathematical aggregation methods and weighting values to test their suitability to reproduce the building behavior. Different simulation scenarios modeled with DesignBuilder software were proposed, in which the energy-saving strategies integrated with the building was individually analyzed. The results confirmed that the integration of the building's energy-saving strategies improved the BEP indicator by approximately 16%. It has also been possible to verify that the BEP indicator adequately reproduces the building’s energy behavior while guaranteeing comfort conditions. Finally, the Building Energy Performance indicator is expected to contribute to the integration of sustainability criteria in the design and remodeling stages of buildings.
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Elkabany, Sara N., and Marwa M. Elrashidey. "Towards Achieving Sustainable Environmental Efficiency: Rationalizing Energy used in Educational Buildings of University Campus." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1283, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1283/1/012009.
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Abstract The research deals with a practical and analytical study comparing the use of the computer program for digital simulation, Design Builder, to calculate the amount of energy consumption in buildings, as the aim of the research is to conclude the most influential architectural elements in reducing energy consumption in the typical building of Al-Azhar College of Engineering for Girls (CEG). This is done by calculating the amount of energy consumption of the college building with its existing specifications while making architectural modifications to the building to conclude which elements have an impact on reducing energy consumption under the influence of the climatic conditions of the city of Cairo. These architectural elements include treating the glass surfaces and curtain walls in the building and increasing the operating temperature of the air conditioners to cool the building, as it is clear from the simulation results that the greatest reduction in the building’s cooling load is by 40%. The research concludes with recommendations that contribute to energy rationalization in educational buildings on campus, thus achieving efficiency in the internal and external environment.
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Parn, Erika A., David Edwards, Zainab Riaz, Fahad Mehmood, and Joseph Lai. "Engineering-out hazards: digitising the management working safety in confined spaces." Facilities 37, no. 3/4 (February 28, 2019): 196–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-03-2018-0039.
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PurposeThis paper aims to report upon the further development of a hybrid application programming interface (API) plug-in to building information modelling (BIM) entitled confined spaces safety monitoring system “CoSMoS”. Originally designed to engineer-out environmental hazards associated with working in a building’s confined spaces (during the construction phase of a building’s life-cycle), this second generation version is expanded upon to use archival records to proactively learn from data generated within a sensor network during the building’s operations and maintenance (O&M) phase of asset management (AM).Design/methodology/approachAn applied research methodological approach adopted used a two-phase process. In phase one, a conceptual model was created to provide a “blueprint map” to integrate BIM, sensor-based networks and data analytics (DA) into one integral system. A literature review provided the basis for the conceptual model’s further development. In phase two, the conceptual model was transposed into the prototype’s development environment as a proof of concept using primary data accrued from a large educational building.FindingsAn amalgamation of BIM, historical sensor data accrued and the application of DA demonstrate that CoSMoS provides an opportunity for the facilities management (FM) team to monitor pertinent environmental conditions and human behaviour within buildings that may impact upon occupant/worker safety. Although working in confined spaces is used to demonstrate the inherent potential of CoSMoS, the system could readily be expanded to analyse sensor-based network’s historical data of other areas of building performance, maintenance and safety.Originality/valueThis novel prototype has automated safety applications for FM during the asset lifecycle and maintenance phase of a building’s O&M phase of AM. Future work is proposed in several key areas, namely, develop instantaneous indicators of current safety performance within a building; and develop lead indicators of future safety performance of buildings.
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Bersson, Thomas F., Thomas Mazzuchi, and Shahram Sarkani. "A FRAMEWORK FOR APPLICATION OF SYSTEM ENGINEERING PROCESS MODELS TO SUSTAINABLE DESIGN OF HIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDINGS." Journal of Green Building 7, no. 3 (July 2012): 171–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.7.3.171.
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Building owners, designers and constructors are seeing a rapid increase in the number of sustainably designed high performance buildings. These buildings provide numerous benefits to the owners and occupants to include improved indoor air quality, energy efficiency, and environmental site standards; and ultimately enhance productivity for the building occupants. As the demand increases for higher building energy efficiency and environmental standards, application of a set of process models will support consistency and optimization during the design process. Systems engineering process models have proven effective in taking an integrated and comprehensive view of a system while allowing for clear stakeholder engagement, requirements definition, life cycle analysis, technology insertion, validation and verification. This paper overlays systems engineering on the sustainable design process by providing a framework for application of the Waterfall, Vee, and Spiral process models to high performance buildings. Each process model is mapped to the sustainable design process and is evaluated for its applicability to projects and building types. Adaptations of the models are provided as Green Building Process Models.
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OSAWA, Haruki, Yasuhiro MIKI, Kazuaki BOGAKI, and Hironori SUMIDA. "FIELD MEASUREMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE IN GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS(Environmental Engineering)." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 9, no. 17 (2003): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.9.255.
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Singh, Neha. "Case Study Retrofitting an Existing Building for Griha Green Building Certification." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (July 31, 2022): 182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45062.
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Abstract: The infrastructure business in India is rapidly increasing. Infrastructure is the most major hindrance to the growth of Indian businesses in India. Existing buildings account for 45 percent of worldwide energy use in the current condition. These constructions' greenhouse gas emissions are mostly to blame for global warming, acid rain, and other environmental difficulties. We can reduce our dependency on limited natural resources like power, water, and materials which use in building while simultaneously enhancing our contribution to environmental quality by incorporating green building themes into the design, construction, and maintenance of buildings, and restoration of our houses. It is a common misconception that only new buildings can be certified as green building, however this is not true. Existing buildings may be made certified green by taking certain step. With each existing building's effort in adopting the existing green building strategies, an enormous effect in combating global warming will be anticipated in return. GRIHA provides green building certification at various levels. There are several ways for meeting these objectives with the cooperation of humans and the use of modern technology and procedures. In retrofitting existing building for GRIHA certification, aspects like site availability, energy efficiency, water efficiency, renewable energy, natural lighting are taken into account. The present paper presents the retrofitting required to transform an existing building to a certified green building with ease and cost effectiveness.
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Baniyounes, Ali M., Yazeed Yasin Ghadi, Maryam Mahmoud Akho Zahia, Eyad Adwan, and Kalid Oliemat. "Energy, economic and environmental analysis of fuzzy logic controllers used in smart buildings." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 12, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 1283. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v12.i2.pp1283-1292.
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This article is divided into three parts: the first presents a simulation study of the effect of occupancy level on energy usage pattern of Engineering building of Applied Science Private university, Amman, Jordan. The simulation was created on simulation mechanism by means of EnergyPlus software and improved by using the building’s data such as building’s as built plan, occupant’s density level based on data about who utilize the building throughout operational hours, energy usage level, Heating Ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) system, lighting and its control systems and etc. Data regarding occupancy density level estimation is used to provide the proposed controller with random number of users grounded on report were arranged by the university’s facilities operational team. The other division of this paper shows the estimated saved energy by the means of suggested advanced add-on, FUZZY-PID controlling system. The energy savings were divided into summer savings and winter savings. The third division presents economic and environmental analysis of the proposed advanced fuzzy logic controllers of smart buildings in Subtropical Jordan. The economic parameters that were used to evaluate the system economy performance are life-cycle analysis, present worth factor and system payback period. The system economic analysis was done using MATLAB software
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Ondová, Marcela, Adriana Eštoková, and Martina Fabianová. "Reducing the carbon footprint in the foundations structures of masonry family houses." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2020-0018.
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Abstract Nowadays, the environmental assessment becomes more and more of interest as an additional tool for the decision-makers. The researchers in civil engineering focus on building materials, structures as well as whole buildings environmental evaluation. Analysis of the environmental impact of particular structures may be helpful for selecting building materials, with regard to the environmental performance of buildings in the early project phase. The aim of this paper is presentation of an environmental evaluation of the rarely assessed particular structures – building foundations and the analysis of the share of the building foundations to the overall environmental impact of building as well. The obtained data point to the need to include the environmental impacts of foundations when assessing the buildings, because of it is a necessary part of any type of family house. One kilogram of built-in foundations materials was responsible for emissions of 0.092 kg of greenhouse gases expressed by carbon dioxide (CO2). Embodied energy was calculated as equal to 1.14 MJ per 1kg of foundations materials and 832.2 MJ/m2 per building floor area. The foundation materials of houses contributed to the total environmental impact of the whole buildings by, on average, 15.0 and 22.8 % for embodied energy and global warming potential, respectively.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Buildings Environmental engineering"
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Coleman, Keith LaMar. "Building optimization : an integrated approach to the design of tall buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38942.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2007.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-75).<br>There has been much research done on building optimization that deal with the issues within specific individual fields, such as architecture, structural engineering, and construction engineering. However, in practical application these issues must be addressed in a much more holistic manner as building design is becoming much more inclusive. A balance must be made that addresses the constructability and scheduling concerns of the contractor, the enclosure and spatial concerns of the architect, and finally the load-carrying concerns of the structural engineer. What if these issues were considered altogether and integrated more fully into building optimization? These issues and concerns would indubitably result in compromise solutions and tradeoffs that would have to be taken into account. This research will not only investigate and utilize current optimization techniques for the conceptual design of tall buildings, but also introduce a new metric in the dynamic analysis of high rise structures.<br>by Keith L. Coleman.<br>M.Eng.
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Graham, Mark Christopher. "Design strategies for coupling buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12307.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1994.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-135).<br>by Mark Christopher Graham.<br>M.S.
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Chok, Kermin 1980. "Lateral systems for tall buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/30135.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>The advances in three-dimensional structural analysis and computing resources have allowed the efficient and safe design of increasingly taller structures. These structures are the consequence of increasing urban densification and economic viability. The modern skyscraper has and will thus continue to feature prominently in the landscape of urban cities. The trend towards progressively taller structures has demanded a shift from the traditional strength based design approach of buildings to a focus on constraining the overall motion of the structure. Structural engineers have responded to this challenge of lateral control with a myriad of systems that achieve motion control while adhering to the overall architectural vision. An investigation was carried out to understand the behavior of the different lateral systems employed in today's skyscrapers. The investigation examined the structural behavior of the traditional moment frame, the braced frame, the braced frame with outriggers and finally the tubular structure. The advantages and disadvantages of all schemes were explored from both an architectural and structural efficiency standpoint. Prior to the computer modeling of each lateral system, each scheme was understood from an analytical standpoint to both verify computer results and to illustrate the importance of hand calculations. The study repeatedly illustrated that motion was the governing condition and this led to the proposal of an approach for the design of braced frames.<br>by Kermin Chok.<br>M.Eng.
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Augé, Laurent J. (Laurent Jacques) 1980. "Structural magnetic induction dampers in buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29332.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2003.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaf 49).<br>This thesis discusses the feasibility of structural magnetic induction dampers for dampening mechanical vibrations in buildings subjected to strong dynamic excitations. The concept of energy harvesting in various fields of engineering is first examined. Then it is applied to the design of magnetic induction dampers in buildings. Various implementations of these dampers are proposed and the related expected performances are estimated. Simulations on buildings modeled as discrete multiple-degree-of-freedom shear beams subjected to earthquakes quantify the results and allow for a comparison of the performances with nonisolated and base-isolated buildings. This study demonstrates the potential efficiency of such dampers for harvesting mechanical energy in buildings and encourages further developments on this topic.<br>by Laurent J. Auge.<br>M.Eng.
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Gemme, Marie-Claude. "Seismic retrofitting of deficient Canadian buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/51576.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2009.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 74-77).<br>Many developed countries such as Canada and the United States are facing a significant infrastructure crisis. Most of their facilities have been built with little consideration of seismic design and durability issues. As a result, these structures are vulnerable to earthquake loadings and are in urgent need of repair and retrofit. This thesis provides a literature review of the vulnerability of Canadian infrastructures built prior to the development of seismic design provisions in actual codes of practice and standards. It describes the performance of typical structures under earthquake loading, such as unreinforced masonry buildings, flat slab concrete buildings and steel frame buildings. It then presents the most common retrofitting strategies applicable to low-rise buildings commonly found in major Canadian cities. A case study assessing the performance of hybrid base isolation systems is then presented. The performance of passive and semi-active hybrid base isolation system is evaluated through the use of a SIMULINK computer model of a typical two-story concrete frame building. A significant reduction in interstory displacement is achieved using the passive system and further reduction in base displacement and base shear is accomplished using the semi-active system.<br>by Marie-Claude Gemme.<br>M.Eng.
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Abboud, Klink Boutros Sami. "Motion-based design methodology for buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33261.
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Gianferante, Nicholas F. (Nicholas Frank) 1964. "The application of photovoltaics for buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80151.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1999.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-84).<br>by Nicholas F. Gianferante.<br>M.Eng.
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Abboud, Klink Boutros Sami. "Motion-based design methodology for buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41325.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1993.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-132).<br>by Boutros Sami Abboud Klink.<br>M.S.
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Malmqvist, Tove. "Methodological aspects of environmental assessment of buildings." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Miljöstrategisk analys, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-9742.
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The built environment contributes extensively to the overall environmental impact of society. An increasing number of tools have been developed worldwide for comprehensive environmental assessment and rating of buildings in order to make the building sector more sustainable. These tools are expected to drive and facilitate future environmental improvements and market transformation in the sector. This thesis explores different methodological aspects in tool development using experiences from two large Swedish projects, the EcoEffect and ByggaBo tools, which were developed with a high level of stakeholder participation in order to be of practical use in the building sector. The methodological aspects explored and discussed here include an approach for systematic selection of assessment aspects (energy use, indoor air quality, etc.) in tools (Paper 3), and a systematic procedure for selecting practical indicators using theoretical (e.g. validity/environmental relevance) and practical (e.g. costs) criteria (Papers 2 and 3). An approach for simple communication of complex results is presented with examples from 26 multi-family buildings (Paper 4). This approach allows a building’s ‘environmental efficiency’ to be presented in one diagram, without weighting the two distinct assessment areas energy use and indoor environmental quality. Paper 5 discusses the contextual issue of internal use of environmental indicators in property management organisations through reviews of environmental performance evaluation and organisation theory literature and comparisons with actual case studies. The EcoEffect (Paper 1) and the ByggaBo tools are also compared and summarised. The case studies of real buildings and experiences from the EcoEffect and ByggaBo projects allowed data collection, calculation procedures and different practical applications of such tools to be evaluated. Poor data availability sometimes limits assessments, and improved internal routines and database developments in the building sector would allow more reliable environmental assessments. Reviews of numerous indicators in Paper 3 (and 2) and literature revealed that environmental relevance was not a key aspect when current environmental performance indicators and building rating tools were constructed. This thesis suggests that environmental relevance and systematic procedures be prioritised in order to provide robust and trustworthy tools for environmental assessment of buildings. Recommendations, some of which are generally applicable to other environmental assessments, include selection of environmentally relevant indicators, systematic procedures for handling theoretical and practical considerations in tool development, aggregation and weighting methods, use of a life cycle perspective and inclusion of performance-based rather than feature-based indicators. Since it is likely that the information these tools provide will increasingly be used by authorities, building users, economic incentive providers such as banks, etc., the methodological developments suggested here to strengthen tool rigour are important for future tool development processes.<br>Utvecklingen av verktyg för miljöbedömning av byggnader är ett område som expanderat kraftigt sedan 1990-talets början. Den ökande medvetenheten om den byggda miljöns omfattande bidrag till samhällets miljöpåverkan i stort har spelat stor roll för denna utveckling. Verktygen förväntas ha en betydelsefull roll i att driva på och underlätta miljöförbättringar och omdaning av marknaden i bygg- och fastighetssektorn. Denna avhandling utforskar olika metodaspekter för verktygsutveckling och bygger på erfarenheterna från två stora svenska metodutvecklingsprojekt för miljöbedömning av byggnader, EcoEffect och ByggaBo:s miljöklassning av byggnader. Båda dessa verktyg togs fram i samarbete med ett stort antal representanter från bygg- och fastighetssektorn, då verktygen syftade till praktisk användning. Ett antal metodaspekter utforskas och diskuteras i avhandlingen. I artikel 3 föreslås och testas ett angreppssätt för systematiskt urval av miljöaspekter som ska bedömas av ett verktyg och dessutom föreslås här och i artikel 2 ett systematiskt tillvägagångssätt för att välja indikatorer för praktiskt användning utifrån både teoretiska (t ex. validitet) och praktiska (t ex. kostnad) kriterier. Ett angreppssätt för att underlätta kommunikation av komplexa miljöbedömningsresultat presenteras genom exempel från 26 flerfamiljshus i artikel 4. Detta angreppssätt möjliggör att redovisa en byggnads ‘miljöeffektivitet’ i ett diagram utan att behöva vikta de två disparata miljöaspekterna energianvändning och innemiljö. Artikel 5 tar upp användning av miljöindikatorer för internt arbete i fastighetsförvaltande organisationer genom litteraturöversikter inom områdena utvärdering av miljöprestanda och organisationsteori samt genom jämförelser med praktiska fallstudier. Verktygen EcoEffect (artikel 1) och nuvarande version av ByggaBo:s miljöklassningssystem sammanfattas också och jämförs i avhandlingen. Genom ett antal fallstudier av verkliga byggnader och erfarenheterna från EcoEffect- och ByggaBo-projekten utvärderas frågor som insamling av indata, beräkningsmetoder och olika praktiska tillämpningar i avhandlingen. Dålig tillgång på indata begränsar ibland möjligheterna att göra miljöbedömningar. Förbättrade interna rutiner samt utveckling av nya typer av databaser inom bygg- och fastighetssektorn kommer med största sannolikhet att underlätta miljöbedömningar i framtiden. Granskning av ett stort antal miljöindikatorer i artikel 3 (och 2) och litteratur på området visade att när miljöindikatorer och miljöklassningsmetoder tagits fram, har miljörelevansen hos dessa sällan haft högsta prioritet. Ett övergripande mål för denna avhandling har därför varit att bidra med rekommendationer som kan stärka miljörelevansen och trovärdigheten hos liknande indikatorer och verktyg. Några av de angreppssätt som föreslås är tillämpliga mer generellt också för andra typer av miljöbedömningar; t ex. hur miljörelevanta miljöindikatorer kan väljas, hur både teoretiska och praktiska överväganden kan hanteras på ett systematiskt sätt vid liknande verktygsutveckling, angreppssätt för viktning och aggregering av resultat samt användning av ett livscykelperspektiv. Vid miljöbedömning av byggnader bör också funktionsbaserade indikatorer i första hand väljas snarare än sådana som baseras på specifika tekniska utföranden. En trolig utveckling är att nya typer av användare i större utsträckning kommer att efterfråga den information som miljöbedömningsverktyg för byggnader kan tillhandahålla. Det kan handla om t ex. myndigheter, husköpare och ekonomiska incitamentsgivare såsom banker. Av denna anledning är de frågor som rör metodutveckling och tas upp i avhandlingen, klart betydelsefulla för att stärka noggrannhet, robusthet och trovärdighet i framtida utveckling av miljöbedömningsverktyg för byggnader.<br>QC 20100601<br>Miljöklassning av byggnader<br>EcoEffect - miljövärdering av byggnader<br>Miljöstyrning med miljöindikatorer i fastighetsförvaltning
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Cheung, Po-leung Alan, and 張寶樑. "Improvement of building legislation to include environmental design incommercial buildings of Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254858.
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1927-, Dixon John E., ed. Environmental control for agricultural buildings. Westport, Conn: AVI Pub. Co., 1986.
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Bevirt, W. David. Environmental systems technology. 2nd ed. Gaithersburg, Md: National Environmental Balancing Bureau, 1999.
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Barre, H. J., L. L. Sammet, and G. L. Nelson. Environmental and Functional Engineering of Agricultural Buildings. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1443-1.
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L, Sammet L., and Nelson G. L. 1919-, eds. Environmental and functional engineering of agricultural buildings. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1988.
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Eastop, T. D. Mechanical services for buildings. Harlow, Essex, England: Longman Scientific & Technical, 1992.
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Salvato, Joseph A. Environmental engineering and sanitation. Chichester: Wiley, 1994.
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China) International Conference of Green Building Materials and Energy-saving Construction (2011 Harbin. Green building materials and energy-saving construction: Selected, peer reviewed papers from the 2011 International Conference of Green Building Materials and Energy-saving Construction (GBMEC 2011) will be held on August 6, 2011 in Harbin, China. Durnten-Zurich, Switzerland: Trans Tech, 2011.
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Frederick, Mitchell Charles, ed. Environment and services. 6th ed. London: Mitchell Pub. Co., 1988.
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Moore, Fuller. Environmental control systems: Heating cooling lighting. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.
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Chadderton, David V. Building services engineering. 4th ed. New York, NY: Spon Press, 2004.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Buildings Environmental engineering"
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Wilkes, Andrew. "Engineering Services." In Greener Buildings Environmental impact of property, 104–21. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22752-5_7.
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de Dear, Richard, and Jungsoo Kim. "Thermal Comfort Inside and Outside Buildings." In Advanced Environmental Wind Engineering, 89–99. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55912-2_5.
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Stathopoulos, Ted, and Bert Blocken. "Pedestrian Wind Environment Around Tall Buildings." In Advanced Environmental Wind Engineering, 101–27. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55912-2_6.
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Stantchev, Vladimir, and Ralf Meyer. "Environmental Engineering and Facility Management of Berlin’s Public Buildings." In Information Technologies in Environmental Engineering, 91–104. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88351-7_7.
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Li, Zhengrong, Shunyao Lu, Qun Zhao, and Fujian Jiang. "Asymmetrical Distribution of Solar Energy in Buildings with Glazing Facede." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 979–87. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9520-8_101.
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Zhang, Tiantian, Meng Wang, and Hongxing Yang. "Energy Performance of a Building-Integrated Photovoltaic/Thermal System for Rural Residential Buildings in Cold Regions of China." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 847–56. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9528-4_86.
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Yao, Mingyao, and Bin Zhao. "Distribution of Air Change Rates in Residential Buildings in Beijing, China." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 1149–56. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9520-8_119.
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Li, Dongqian, Guojie Chen, and Qinghai Luo. "Numerical Simulation Analysis of Formaldehyde Pollution Control in Newly Decorated Buildings." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 513–22. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9520-8_54.
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Xue, Junwei, Junliang Cao, Xiaoxin Man, Zhitao Han, and Jing Liu. "Research on the Air Infiltration under Thermal Pressure in Megatall Buildings." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 709–17. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9528-4_72.
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Teixeira, Nuno, Luis Gomes, and Zita Vale. "Knowledge Retrieval Mechanism for Smart Buildings Based on IoT Devices Data." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 81–89. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43559-1_8.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Buildings Environmental engineering"
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Jędrzejuk, Hanna, Maciej Jaworski, and Michał Chwieduk. "Methods for Improving Energy Performance of Single-family Buildings in Poland’s Climatic Conditions." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.261.
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The effect of standard means of thermal upgrading of buildings on energy performance indices is studied in the paper. The following was considered: improving thermal performance of the envelope (walls, roof, floors over unheated cellars or ground-floor slabs, windows, and doors); using exterior blinds during heating and cooling seasons; using heat recovery (recuperation) in a forced ventilation system; reducing the ventilation air flow rate; and improving air-tightness of a building. The calculations were performed for a number of variants. Seven locations in Poland were selected based on outdoor climate conditions. Various standards of thermal performance of the building envelope, internal heat capacities, and ventilation rates were applied. Variations in internal heat gains, depending on the presence of occupants (heat gains from occupants and from lighting) were considered. Due to a dynamic nature of the energy processes that take place in a building, the simplified hourly method 5R1C was used in calculations. It was verified whether single-family buildings constructed in a way that is typically found in Poland, i.e. buildings with very high heat capacity and equipped with a forced ventilation system, can meet more stringent energy performance requirements.
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Lapinskienė, Vilūnė, Violeta Motuzienė, Rasa Džiugaitė-Tumėnienė, and Rūta Mikučionienė. "Impact of Internal Heat Gains on Building’s Energy Performance." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.265.
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Internal heat gains from occupants, equipment and lighting contribute a significant proportion of the heat gains in an office space. Usage of ICT in offices is growing; on the other hand, their efficiency is also improving all the time. Increasing energy efficiency in buildings have led to the situation, when new, well insulated office buildings, with high internal gains within the working hours may cover low heating energy demand. Such buildings, even in heating dominated countries, such as Lithuania, often also suffer from overheating during the winter heating season. The paper presents the analysis of energy demand of the office building for various plug loads (ICT equipment) internal gains scenarios and demonstrates its influence on buildings energy performance. Simulation results enable to conclude, that when assessing sustainability and energy bills of the building, plug loads play a very important role. Meanwhile, assessing just energy performance influence is very small. Energy performance certification results show, that plug loads may influence energy performance label just for buildings corresponding A+ and A++ labels).
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Busko, Małgorzata. "Modernization of the Register of Land and Buildings with Reference to Entering Buildings into the Real Estate Cadastre in Poland." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.176.
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Nowadays, it is frequently the case that the database of the real estate cadastre in Poland is not supplied with the record data on buildings. This study presents the issues related to the comprehensive modernization of the register of land and buildings, especially in the aspect of entering the buildings located in the areas of the modernized cadastral districts, into the database of the real estate cadastre. The real estate cadastre should provide a reference base for other public records, the data contained in the cadastre should be the basis, for example, for official statistics, real estate management and register of farms, or tax records. The analysis of this procedure was based on the data derived from the modernization of the register of land and buildings carried out in eleven cadastral units of Gorlice district, province of Malopolska, as part of the national project: Development of an Integrated Real Estate Information System – (ZSIN) – Stage I. In this project, the data for the preparation of the digital description of the contour of a building were captured largely based on high-precision aerial imagery which, having been developed on the stereoscopic model, supplied the digital database of the real estate cadastre. A serious problem, which hinders the maintenance of the database of the real estate cadastre in Poland updated, are the frequent amendments to the applicable laws. The Regulation on the register of land and buildings, according to which the cadastral database has been built in Poland since 2001, was extensively amended in 2013 and in 2015. This makes it difficult to obtain uniform data of the buildings in Poland.
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Gražulis, Žymantas, Boleslovas Krikštaponis, Algirdas Neseckas, Darius Popovas, Raimundas Putrimas, Dominykas Šlikas, and Evelina Zigmantienė. "The Horizontal Deformation Analysis of High-rise Buildings." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.194.
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The horizontal deformation analysis of high-rise buildings, quite often is complicated because buildings like chimneys, towers and etc, have complex and asymmetric shapes, consequently there is not always the possibility to apply the method of single points motion analysis. Furthermore, the horizontal deformation analysis is complicated using standard measurement methods like measurements with electronic total stations or optical theodolites. In such case the terrestrial laser scanner could be superior to traditional measurements. However, the terrestrial laser scanner still not widely used to survey building horizontal deformations using high precision measurements. The main aim of this work is to determine the suitability to measure deflections of buildings from the vertical using terrestrial laser scanners and to investigate point cloud data processing. Measurements of horizontal deformation were carried out using the over ground laser scanner and electronic total station. Horizontal deformations of chimneys of thermal power plants were investigated using corresponding methods. Deformation indicators and evaluated measurement accuracies between different methods were compared. Data analysis of terrestrial laser scanning is more complex, time consuming and requires sophisticated hardware resources in comparison with the traditional methods, however results are much more detailed and informative.
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Borodinecs, Anatolijs, Jurgis Zemitis, Modris Dobelis, Maris Kalinka, and Aleksandrs Geikins. "Development of Prefabricated Modular Retrofitting Solution for Post-World War II Buildings." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.252.
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Residential and public buildings are one of the essential energy consumers. The majority of European buildings were constructed within the period from mid-1950ies to the late 1990ies. Currently the retrofitting process is too slow. The main barriers are complicated retrofitting process, variety of available technologies as well as precision of estimated energy savings calculations. This paper is prepared in scope of work done within the European Regional Development Fund project “NEARLY ZERO ENERGY SOLUTIONS FOR UNCLASSIFIED BUILDINGS”. The main aim of this study is to develop full modular retrofitting process based on 3D laser scanning minimizing time consumed for architectural project development, on-site construction works as well as to ensure correct energy simulation. Paper presents results of Latvian case building 3D scanning results, architectural project development specifics as well as selection of optimal thermal insulation layout and energy simulations. Study analyses main barriers for wide implementation of prefabricated panels.
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Moňoková, Andrea, Silvia Vilčeková, and Eva Krídlová Burdová. "Possibilities of Green Technologies Application in Building Design from Sustainability Dimensions." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.268.
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The aim of this paper is to summarize knowledge of green technologies and their applications in buildings, as well as high performance green buildings. Two alternatives of family house design are performed. The first alternative uses conventional building materials and it doesn’t follow the sustainability principles. On the other hand, the second one is designed by using the environmentally friendly materials and with sustainability principles in mind. Designs of conventional and green family house are mutually compared from energy efficiency, embodied energy and greenhouse gas emissions such as CO2eq. and SO2eq. point of view. A special focus is put on the sustainability assessment of designed houses by the Slovak environmental assessment system of buildings.
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Nakielska, Magdalena, and Krzysztof Pawłowski. "Enhancement of Gravity Ventilation in Buildings." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.269.
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Nowadays, people are looking for solutions related to ventilation, cooling or heat demand systems, which would be energy efficient and, at the same time, would not cause the degradation of the surrounding environment. As far as ventilation is concerned, an good solution is a natural ventilation, which improves thermal comfort rooms without increasing the consumption of electrical energy in the building. In order to improve the mode of action of the natural ventilation in the building, one can mount various elements supporting the air flow. One of them is a solar chimney. In order to check the correct operation of a gravity ventilation installation in Poland’s climatic conditions, the measurements was carried out on a test stand on the 3.1 building of UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz. The received results show the intensification of the air flow through the room the value between 50% and 150%, depending on a measuring hour (Chen et al. 2003). These research results were compared with the research results received before the installation of the solar chimney on the ducts of the gravity ventilation.
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Fořt, Jan, Magdaléna Doleželová, and Robert Černý. "Moisture Buffering Potential of Plasters for Energy Efficiency in Modern Buildings." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.254.
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Moisture level significantly affects durability of constructions, their thermal performance and quality of indoor air. Since building envelopes are subjected to a moisture gradient, additional ventilation systems are employed to maintain relative humidity on the desired level. Although modern advanced ventilation systems provide sufficient air exchange rate, their wider application is in conflict with sustainability development principles due to high energy demands. Moreover, according to the European legislation related to the Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (European Directives 2002/91/EC and 2010/31/EU), air tightness of building envelopes in order to provide high thermal resistance leads to large moisture loads in building interiors. Among other factors, a high level of relative humidity has negative effect on the work efficiency and health of building inhabitants. A detailed insight into building materials behavior during cyclic moisture loading was accessed within this study. The moisture buffering values of three interior plasters were investigated in order to describe influence of plasters on moderation of indoor environment. Particular materials were loaded according to the NORDTEST protocol by 8/16 h loading schema at 70/30% RH. Here, the excellent moisture buffer classification was obtained for lightweight perlite plaster (PT) with the highest total open porosity. However, contrary to the higher total open porosity of renovation plaster (PS), the core plaster (CP) achieved higher moisture buffer capacity than PS. This discrepancy refers to the influence of the pore size distribution which is, besides the total open porosity, essential for a detailed characterization of moisture buffering potential of building materials. Based on the results of Mercury intrusion porosimetry, a correlation between pore size distribution and moisture buffer value was revealed.
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Turcsanyi, Peter, Anna Sedlakova, Eva Kridlova Burdova, and Silvia Vilcekova. "Environmental and Energy Assessment of a Family House." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.274.
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Term energy efficient building is well know from year 1991, when Austrian physicist Dr. Feist designed and built first passive house, using current physical and practical knowledge. In the next 25 years buildings using principles of energy efficient design have changed dramatically. In a good way. It is mandatory for Slovak Republic as a part of European Union to act according European parliament directives. One of directives concerns lowering total energy consumption and emissions in the building sector – Directive 2010/31/EU on Energy performance of buildings, also known as Directive “20-20-20”. According to this directive, Slovak Republic has agreed to lower total energy consumption in building industry by 20% until year 2020. Plan on lowering total energy consumption has affected creation of new – technical and energy efficient building materials with emphasis on environmental load. It this paper, ultra-low-energy family house located in Košice, Slovakia was assessed from environmental and energy point of view. With help on modern diagnostic methods and thermo- physical simulation software DesignBuilder, we will virtually evaluate energy need of house throughout the reference year, and indoor quality from the environmental point of view, such as CO2 levels and bounded energy using LCA method.
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GRINEVIČIŪTĖ, Monika, and Kęstutis VALANČIUS. "Renewable and non-renewable primary energy factors for Lithuanian A++ buildings’ heating." In 12th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VILNIUS TECH, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2023.892.
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Lithuanian A++ buildings are highly energy-efficient, but their heating systems still require energy to operate, and the type of energy used can have a significant impact on the environment. By considering both non-renewable and renewable primary energy sources, policymakers, builders, and building owners can make informed decisions about reducing carbon emissions, improving energy efficiency, and promoting sustainable energy use. This article examines the impact of different heating systems on primary energy (PE) consumption in buildings of different functions (single-dwelling residential building, multi-dwelling residential building, office building) with the same energy class (A++), to determine how much primary energy (renewable and non-renewable) is consumed for building operation and investigate changes in CO2 emissions depending on heat source. Primary energy use is a crucial benchmark for achieving energy efficiency goals in the European Union, but the use and calculation of primary energy factors can be contentious as they can affect the results of various analyses. The study demonstrates that the choice of the heat source is a complex task, as it requires considering the share of renewable primary energy in the final primary energy consumption, particularly in “Nearly zero energy buildings” (Lithuanian A++ buildings) where most of the energy consumed should come from renewable sources.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Buildings Environmental engineering"
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Johra, Hicham. Simple uncertainty budget and assessment with the Kragten method: Examples for building physics. Department of the Built Environment, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau633631860.
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The aim of this lecture note is to present and exemplify the Kragten method to calculate the combined uncertainty (uncertainty budget) of a measurand from the standard uncertainty estimates of individual inputs of that measurand, and the mathematical formulation of that measurand. If these two elements are not available, the Kragten method cannot be applied. The method also provides sensitivity (significance) assessment of the different components (inputs) in the combined uncertainty budget. The Kragten method for uncertainty calculation is very simple yet a robust and accurate alternative to the more complex GUM or Monte Carlo simulation methods. It can be performed with a simple spreadsheet tool (e.g., MS Excel) with minimum risks of mistakes. This method is adequate for the field of building physics, energy in buildings and indoor environmental engineering. This lecture note also provides examples of uncertainty calculations (budgets) for common measurands and metrics in the field of building physics, energy in buildings and indoor environmental engineering. These examples are attached to the present lecture note document (Excel spreadsheet documents). One should note that this lecture note does not cover the process of estimating the standard uncertainty of the individual inputs of the measurand. Those standard uncertainties should be obtained from technical documentation, models, or estimates from measurements (e.g., 1σ standard deviation of a set of repeated measurements on measurand that is assumed to remain constant over the monitoring period), and converted into standard uncertainties (1σ confidence interval assuming a normal probability distribution or the errors).
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Jung, Carina, Karl Indest, Matthew Carr, Richard Lance, Lyndsay Carrigee, and Kayla Clark. Properties and detectability of rogue synthetic biology (SynBio) products in complex matrices. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45345.
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Synthetic biology (SynBio) aims to rationally engineer or modify traits of an organism or integrate the behaviors of multiple organisms into a singular functional organism through advanced genetic engineering techniques. One objective of this research was to determine the environmental persistence of engineered DNA in the environment. To accomplish this goal, the environmental persistence of legacy engineered DNA building blocks were targeted that laid the foundation for SynBio product development and application giving rise to “post-use products.” These building blocks include genetic constructs such as cloning and expression vectors, promoter/terminator elements, selectable markers, reporter genes, and multi-cloning sites. Shotgun sequencing of total DNA from water samples of pristine sites was performed and resultant sequence data mined for frequency of legacy recombinant DNA signatures. Another objective was to understand the fate of a standardized contemporary synthetic genetic construct (SC) in the context of various chassis systems/genetic configurations representing different degrees of “genetic bioavailability” to the environmental landscape. These studies were carried out using microcosms representing different environmental matrices (soils, waters, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) liquor) and employed a novel genetic reporter system based on volatile organic compounds (VOC) detection to assess proliferation and persistence of the SC in the matrix over time.
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Markova, Oksana M., Serhiy O. Semerikov, Andrii M. Striuk, Hanna M. Shalatska, Pavlo P. Nechypurenko, and Vitaliy V. Tron. Implementation of cloud service models in training of future information technology specialists. [б. в.], September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3270.
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Leading research directions are defined on the basis of self-analysis of the study results on the use of cloud technologies in training by employees of joint research laboratory “Сloud technologies in education” of Kryvyi Rih National University and Institute of Information Technology and Learning Aids of the NAES of Ukraine in 2009-2018: cloud learning technologies, cloud technologies of blended learning, cloud-oriented learning environments, cloud-oriented methodological systems of training, the provision of cloud-based educational services. The ways of implementation SaaS, PaaS, IaaS cloud services models which are appropriate to use in the process of studying the academic disciplines of the cycles of mathematical, natural science and professional and practical training of future specialists in information technology are shown, based on the example of software engineering, computer science and computer engineering. The most significant advantages of using cloud technologies in training of future information technology specialists are definite, namely, the possibility of using modern parallel programming tools as the basis of cloud technologies. Conclusions are drawn; the direction of further research is indicated: designing a cloud-oriented learning environment for future specialists in computer engineering, identifying trends in the development of cloud technologies in the professional training and retraining of information technology specialists, developing a methodology for building the research competencies of future software engineering specialists by using cloud technologies.
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Johra, Hicham. Project CleanTechBlock 2 Thermal conductivity measurement of cellular glass samples. Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau307323438.
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The goal of the project CleanTechBlock 2 is to develop and test a durable and sustainable construction wall element which complies with the building regulations of 2020, and has a certain aesthetics attractiveness. The CleanTechBlock (CTB) prefabricated elements consist of cellular glass insulation blocks mounted in between two layers of brick masonry [1] [2]. The aim of this technical document is to report the results of the different experimental investigations performed on the CTB and other commercial cellular glass samples to determined their thermal conductivity. These experimental investigations have been carried out at the Laboratory of Building Energy and Indoor Environment at the Department of Civil Engineering of Aalborg University (Denmark).
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Nobile, F., Q. Ayoul-Guilmard, S. Ganesh, M. Nuñez, A. Kodakkal, C. Soriano, and R. Rossi. D6.5 Report on stochastic optimisation for wind engineering. Scipedia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/exaqute.2022.3.04.
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This report presents the latest methods of optimisation under uncertainties investigated in the ExaQUte project, and their applications to problems related to civil and wind engineering. The measure of risk throughout the report is the conditional value at risk. First, the reference method is presented: the derivation of sensitivities of the risk measure; their accurate computation; and lastly, a practical optimisation algorithm with adaptive statistical estimation. Second, this method is directly applied to a nonlinear relaxation oscillator (FitzHugh–Nagumo model) with numerical experiments to demonstrate its performance. Third, the optimisation method is adapted to the shape optimisation of an airfoil and illustrated by a large-scale experiment on a computing cluster. Finally, the benchmark of the shape optimisation of a tall building under a turbulent flow is presented, followed by an adaptation of the optimisation method. All numerical experiments showcase the open-source software stack of the ExaQUte project for large-scale computing in a distributed environment.
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Mosalam, Khalid, Amarnath Kasalanati, and Grace Kang. PEER Annual Report 2016. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/anra5954.
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The Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) is a multi-institutional research and education center with headquarters at the University of California, Berkeley. PEER’s mission is to develop, validate, and disseminate performance-based seismic design technologies for buildings and infrastructure to meet the diverse economic and safety needs of owners and society. The year 2016 began with a change of leadership at PEER. On January 1, Professor Khalid Mosalam became the new PEER Director as Professor Stephen Mahin completed his 6- year term. Also in early 2016, Dr. Yousef Bozorgnia stepped down from the position of Executive Director, after serving as a key member of PEER’s management team for over 12 years. Several accomplishments of the Center during the leadership of Director Mahin were recounted during the PEER Annual Meeting on January 28–29, 2016. This meeting also set the course of the Center with several new thrust areas identified for future research. During the past year, PEER has continued its track record of multi-institutional research with several multi-year Mega-Projects. The PEER Tall Buildings Initiative (TBI) was recently expanded to include assessment of the seismic performance of existing tall buildings. The California Earthquake Authority (CEA) awarded a $3.4 million, 3.5-year research contract to PEER to investigate the seismic performance of wood-frame homes with cripple walls. The project will directly contribute to the improvement of seismic resiliency of California’s housing stock. Former Director Mahin will lead a broad effort for computational modeling and simulation (SimCenter) of the effects of natural hazards on the built environment. Supported by a 5-year, $10.9-million grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF), the SimCenter is part of the Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) initiative, a distributed, multi-user national facility that will provide natural hazards engineers with access to research infrastructure (earthquake and wind engineering experimental facilities, cyberinfrastructure, computational modeling and simulation tools, and research data), coupled with education and community outreach activities. In addition to the Mega Projects, PEER researchers were involved in a wide range of research activities in the areas of geohazards, tsunami, and the built environment focusing on the earthquake performance of old and new reinforced concrete and steel structures, tall buildings, and bridges including rapid bridge construction. As part of its mission, PEER participated in a wide range of education and outreach activities, including a summer internship program, seminars, OpenSees days, and participation in several national and international conferences. The Center became an active board member of two prominent international organizations, namely GADRI (Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes) and ILEE (International Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering). PEER researchers and projects were recognized with awards from several organizations. Going forward, PEER aims to improve the profile and external exposure of the Center globally, strengthen the Business-Industry-Partnership (BIP) program, engage the Institutional Board (IB) and the Industry Advisory Board (IAB) to identify new areas of research, and explore new funding opportunities.
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Bray, Jonathan, Ross Boulanger, Misko Cubrinovski, Kohji Tokimatsu, Steven Kramer, Thomas O'Rourke, Ellen Rathje, Russell Green, Peter Robertson, and Christine Beyzaei. U.S.—New Zealand— Japan International Workshop, Liquefaction-Induced Ground Movement Effects, University of California, Berkeley, California, 2-4 November 2016. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, March 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/gzzx9906.
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There is much to learn from the recent New Zealand and Japan earthquakes. These earthquakes produced differing levels of liquefaction-induced ground movements that damaged buildings, bridges, and buried utilities. Along with the often spectacular observations of infrastructure damage, there were many cases where well-built facilities located in areas of liquefaction-induced ground failure were not damaged. Researchers are working on characterizing and learning from these observations of both poor and good performance. The “Liquefaction-Induced Ground Movements Effects” workshop provided an opportunity to take advantage of recent research investments following these earthquake events to develop a path forward for an integrated understanding of how infrastructure performs with various levels of liquefaction. Fifty-five researchers in the field, two-thirds from the U.S. and one-third from New Zealand and Japan, convened in Berkeley, California, in November 2016. The objective of the workshop was to identify research thrusts offering the greatest potential for advancing our capabilities for understanding, evaluating, and mitigating the effects of liquefaction-induced ground movements on structures and lifelines. The workshop also advanced the development of younger researchers by identifying promising research opportunities and approaches, and promoting future collaborations among participants. During the workshop, participants identified five cross-cutting research priorities that need to be addressed to advance our scientific understanding of and engineering procedures for soil liquefaction effects during earthquakes. Accordingly, this report was organized to address five research themes: (1) case history data; (2) integrated site characterization; (3) numerical analysis; (4) challenging soils; and (5) effects and mitigation of liquefaction in the built environment and communities. These research themes provide an integrated approach toward transformative advances in addressing liquefaction hazards worldwide. The archival documentation of liquefaction case history datasets in electronic data repositories for use by the broader research community is critical to accelerating advances in liquefaction research. Many of the available liquefaction case history datasets are not fully documented, published, or shared. Developing and sharing well-documented liquefaction datasets reflect significant research efforts. Therefore, datasets should be published with a permanent DOI, with appropriate citation language for proper acknowledgment in publications that use the data. Integrated site characterization procedures that incorporate qualitative geologic information about the soil deposits at a site and the quantitative information from in situ and laboratory engineering tests of these soils are essential for quantifying and minimizing the uncertainties associated site characterization. Such information is vitally important to help identify potential failure modes and guide in situ testing. At the site scale, one potential way to do this is to use proxies for depositional environments. At the fabric and microstructure scale, the use of multiple in situ tests that induce different levels of strain should be used to characterize soil properties. The development of new in situ testing tools and methods that are more sensitive to soil fabric and microstructure should be continued. The development of robust, validated analytical procedures for evaluating the effects of liquefaction on civil infrastructure persists as a critical research topic. Robust validated analytical procedures would translate into more reliable evaluations of critical civil infrastructure iv performance, support the development of mechanics-based, practice-oriented engineering models, help eliminate suspected biases in our current engineering practices, and facilitate greater integration with structural, hydraulic, and wind engineering analysis capabilities for addressing multi-hazard problems. Effective collaboration across countries and disciplines is essential for developing analytical procedures that are robust across the full spectrum of geologic, infrastructure, and natural hazard loading conditions encountered in practice There are soils that are challenging to characterize, to model, and to evaluate, because their responses differ significantly from those of clean sands: they cannot be sampled and tested effectively using existing procedures, their properties cannot be estimated confidently using existing in situ testing methods, or constitutive models to describe their responses have not yet been developed or validated. Challenging soils include but are not limited to: interbedded soil deposits, intermediate (silty) soils, mine tailings, gravelly soils, crushable soils, aged soils, and cemented soils. New field and laboratory test procedures are required to characterize the responses of these materials to earthquake loadings, physical experiments are required to explore mechanisms, and new soil constitutive models tailored to describe the behavior of such soils are required. Well-documented case histories involving challenging soils where both the poor and good performance of engineered systems are documented are also of high priority. Characterizing and mitigating the effects of liquefaction on the built environment requires understanding its components and interactions as a system, including residential housing, commercial and industrial buildings, public buildings and facilities, and spatially distributed infrastructure, such as electric power, gas and liquid fuel, telecommunication, transportation, water supply, wastewater conveyance/treatment, and flood protection systems. Research to improve the characterization and mitigation of liquefaction effects on the built environment is essential for achieving resiliency. For example, the complex mechanisms of ground deformation caused by liquefaction and building response need to be clarified and the potential bias and dispersion in practice-oriented procedures for quantifying building response to liquefaction need to be quantified. Component-focused and system-performance research on lifeline response to liquefaction is required. Research on component behavior can be advanced by numerical simulations in combination with centrifuge and large-scale soil–structure interaction testing. System response requires advanced network analysis that accounts for the propagation of uncertainty in assessing the effects of liquefaction on large, geographically distributed systems. Lastly, research on liquefaction mitigation strategies, including aspects of ground improvement, structural modification, system health monitoring, and rapid recovery planning, is needed to identify the most effective, cost-efficient, and sustainable measures to improve the response and resiliency of the built environment.
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Ayoul-Guilmard, Q., F. Nobile, S. Ganesh, M. Nuñez, R. Tosi, C. Soriano, and R. Rosi. D5.5 Report on the application of multi-level Monte Carlo to wind engineering. Scipedia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/exaqute.2022.3.03.
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We study the use of multi-level Monte Carlo methods for wind engineering. This report brings together methodological research on uncertainty quantification and work on target applications of the ExaQUte project in wind and civil engineering. First, a multi-level Monte Carlo for the estimation of the conditional value at risk and an adaptive algorithm are presented. Their reliability and performance are shown on the time-average of a non-linear oscillator and on the lift coefficient of an airfoil, with both preset and adaptively refined meshes. Then, we propose an adaptive multi-fidelity Monte Carlo algorithm for turbulent fluid flows where multilevel Monte Carlo methods were found to be inefficient. Its efficiency is studied and demonstrated on the benchmark problem of quantifying the uncertainty on the drag force of a tall building under random turbulent wind conditions. All numerical experiments showcase the open-source software stack of the ExaQUte project for large-scale computing in a distributed environment.
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Panek and Young. PR-312-12208-R02 Limitations and Costs Associated with Raising Existing RICE Stack Heights. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010556.
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Modeling of actual and hypothetical compressor station facilities concluded increasing reciprocating engine stack height as one potential mitigation measure to reduce modeled impacts below the primary 1-hour NO2 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Increasing stack heights to between 50-75 feet appears to offer considerable relief based on typical facility configurations (e.g., compressor house height, stack parameters). This white paper discusses potential stack design criteria to be considered when increasing existing exhaust stack heights or planning considerations for new units. To assist in gathering information on practical concerns and issues associated with raising existing compressor driver stacks, a questionnaire was developed and provided to operations and engineering staff, OEMs, and members to provide insight into physical constraints, engineering considerations, and costs to be considered and evaluated in developing this report. This white paper summarizes stack height limitations for reciprocating engines based on operating (e.g., back pressure, effective stack heights) and physical (e.g., guy-wire and structural requirements) constraints. Where available, cost implications are also provided. Criteria addressed include: Good Engineering Practice (GEP) for stack heights, engine back pressure limitations, structural integrity of the exhaust system, wind and seismic loads on the exhaust stack, and other specifications for structural designs. Proper stack design should address local environmental regulations, local building codes (e.g., height requirements, wind and seismic loads), structural integrity, base configuration, and lateral support.
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Bridges, Todd, Jeffrey King, Johnathan Simm, Michael Beck, Georganna Collins, Quirijn Lodder, and Ram Mohan. International Guidelines on Natural and Nature-Based Features for Flood Risk Management. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41946.
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To deliver infrastructure that sustain our communities, economy, and environment, we must innovate, modernize, and even revolutionize our approach to infrastructure development. Change takes courage, but as one starts down the path of innovation, what was once novel becomes more familiar, more established. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is walking this path with our partners through the Engineering With Nature (EWN) Initiative, integrating human engineering with natural systems. The International Guidelines on Natural and Nature-Based Features for Flood Risk Management are the next step toward revolutionary infrastructure development—a set of real-world guidelines to help familiarize us with what was once novel. USACE and collaborators around the world have been building, learning, and documenting the best practices for constructing Natural and Nature-Based Features (NNBF) for decades. The consolidation of these lessons into a single guidance document gives decision-makers and practitioners a much-needed resource to pursue, consider, and apply NNBF for flood risk management while expanding value through infrastructure. Relationships and partnerships are vital ingredients for innovation and progress. The NNBF Guidelines was achieved because of the strong relationships in the nature-based engineering community. The magnitude and diversity of contributors to the NNBF Guidelines have resulted in a robust resource that provides value beyond a single agency, sector, or nation. Similarly, the work of incorporating NNBF into projects will require us to strengthen our relationships across organizations, mandates, and missions to achieve resilient communities. I hope you are inspired by the collaborative achievement of the NNBF Guidelines and will draw from this resource to develop innovative solutions to current and future flood risk management challenges. There is a lot we can achieve together along the path of revolutionary infrastructure development.