Zeitschriftenartikel: „Calretinin“

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Kang, Kwon Woo, Rudra Pangeni, JinWoo Park, Jaekwang Lee und Eunyoung Yi. „Selective Loss of Calretinin-Poor Cochlear Afferent Nerve Fibers in Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemic Mice“. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, Nr. 9 (01.09.2020): 5515–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.17654.

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Hearing loss is one of the major complications of diabetes mellitus and significantly lowers the quality of life of diabetic patients. In studies using diabetic animal models hearing loss have been frequently associated with damages to cochlear afferent fibers. Recent studies suggested that cochlear afferent neurons are composed of heterogeneous populations and a subgroup of neurons equipped with low level of calretinin might be more vulnerable to various noxious stimuli such as noise and neurotoxins. Here, we tested if cochlear afferent neurons deficient in the Ca2+-buffering protein calretinin are more vulnerable to hyperglycemic insults. Streptozotocin-induced (50 mg/kg, i.p.) hyperglycemic mice (>250 mg/dl) were tested. The expression patterns of calretinin in peripheral processes and the cell bodies of cochlear afferent nerve fibers were examined using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. The proportion of calretinin-poor cochlear afferent fibers was much lower in hyperglycemic mice compared to the normoglycemic control group. (30.0 vs. 55.5% in the peripheral process; 15.7 vs. 24.4 % in spiral ganglion neuron). The results suggest that calretinin-poor cochlear nerve fibers may be selectively lost after the hyperglycemic insults. The finding also supports a calretinin’s neuroprotective role against diabetic neuropathy in cochlear afferent neurons.

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Portugal, Raquel, und Esther Oliva. „Calretinin“. Advances in Anatomic Pathology 16, Nr. 2 (März 2009): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pap.0b013e31819923ce.

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Barberis, Massimo C. P., Maurizio Faleri, Silvio Veronese, Chiara Casadio und Giuseppe Viale. „Calretinin“. Acta Cytologica 41, Nr. 6 (1997): 1757–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000333181.

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Dei Tos, Angelo P., und Claudio Doglionit. „Calretinin“. Advances in Anatomic Pathology 5, Nr. 1 (Januar 1998): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00125480-199801000-00052.

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Zupanc, Cita, Alenka Franko, Danijela Štrbac, Metoda Dodič Fikfak, Viljem Kovač, Vita Dolžan und Katja Goričar. „Serum Calretinin as a Biomarker in Malignant Mesothelioma“. Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, Nr. 21 (22.10.2021): 4875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10214875.

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The early diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma (MM) could improve the prognosis of MM patients. To confirm an MM diagnosis, an immunohistochemical analysis of several tumor tissue markers, including calretinin, is currently required. Our aim is to evaluate serum calretinin as a potential biomarker in asbestos-related diseases, especially in MM. Our study includes 549 subjects: 164 MM patients, 117 subjects with asbestosis, 195 subjects with pleural plaques and 73 occupationally asbestos-exposed subjects without asbestos-related diseases. The serum calretinin concentration was determined with a commercially available enzyme immunoassay. Data on the soluble mesothelin-related peptides (SMRP) concentration are available from previous studies. MM patients had a significantly higher calretinin concentration than subjects without disease, subjects with pleural plaques or subjects with asbestosis (all p < 0.001). The histological type was significantly associated with serum calretinin: patients with sarcomatoid MM had lower calretinin than patients with the epithelioid type (p = 0.001). In a ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve for calretinin concentration predicting MM was 0.826 (95% CI = 0.782–0.869; p < 0.001). At the cutoff value of 0.32 ng/mL, sensitivity was 0.683, while specificity was 0.886. The combination of calretinin and SMRP had the highest predictive value. Calretinin is a useful biomarker that can distinguish MM from other asbestos-related diseases and could, therefore, contribute to an earlier non-invasive diagnosis of MM.

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Kuźnicki, J., T. L. Wang, B. M. Martin, L. Winsky und D. M. Jacobowitz. „Localization of Ca2+-dependent conformational changes of calretinin by limited tryptic proteolysis“. Biochemical Journal 308, Nr. 2 (01.06.1995): 607–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3080607.

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Calretinin is an EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding protein expressed predominantly in some neurons. We have found that the tryptic digestion pattern of rat recombinant calretinin depends on Ca2+ concentration as determined by SDS/PAGE, amino-acid-sequence analysis and electrospray-ionization MS. Ca(2+)-saturated calretinin was cleaved between amino acids 60 and 61 to yield two fragments, which accumulated during cleavage. Small amounts of the larger fragment (amino acid residues 61-271) were further cleaved from the C-terminal end. Ca(2+)-free calretinin was also cleaved between residues 60 and 61; however, under the latter conditions the fragment 61-271 was further cleaved from the N-terminal end. Native rat calretinin was cleaved by trypsin in a similar Ca(2+)-dependent fashion. All identified fragments of recombinant calretinin bound 45Ca2+ on nitrocellulose filters, although to a different extent. The 61-271 fragment was released by EGTA from an octyl-agarose column in a manner similar to intact calretinin, while fragment 61-233 was not eluted by EGTA. These observations show that there are trypsin cleavage sites in calretinin that are available regardless of Ca2+ binding, other sites that are completely protected against trypsin on Ca(2+)-binding and sites which become partially available on Ca(2+)-binding. Together these data show that calretinin changes its conformation on Ca2+ binding and identify the regions which are exposed in apo and Ca(2+)-bound form.

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Pasteels, Brigitte, John Rogers, François Blachier und Roland Pochet. „Calbindin and calretinin localization in retina from different species“. Visual Neuroscience 5, Nr. 1 (Juli 1990): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800000031.

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AbstractCalbindin-D28K and calretinin are homologous calcium-binding proteins localized in many neurons of the central nervous system. We have compared polyclonal antibodies against calbindin and calretinin and have shown by western blots using purified calbindin and calretinin from rat that (1) anti-calretinin does not recognize calbindin and (2) anti-calbindin presents some cross-reactivity with calretinin.In this report, we have compared by immunohistochemistry the localization of both calcium-binding proteins in the retina of monkey, pig, sheep, rat, cat, pigeon, and salamander. These results are compared with previous data for chick. There are many differences between species and not within species, but some aspects of the distribution are conserved. All species, except rat and monkey, have some cones which contain calbindin only. Most species also have some bipolar cells containing calbindin only. Calretinin is rarely seen in photoreċeptors or bipolar cells. All species have horizontal cells which contain calretinin or calbindin or both. All species have amacrine cells and ganglion cells containing one or other protein.In the cat ganglion cell layer, the calretinin antisera define a new, asymmetric, type of cell.

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Arjmandzadeh, Ehsan, und Fariba Binesh. „Determination of Relative Frequency of Calretinin Expression in Patients with Breast Cancer in Yazd, Iran“. Chinese Journal of Medical Research 3, Nr. 2 (25.06.2020): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37515/cjmr.091x.3202.

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Introduction: Breast cancer is known as the most common type of cancer among women in the world. Several methods have been proposed to predict the behavior of breast carcinoma. Recently calretinin has been found to be a reliable factor in predicting tumor survival rate in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative frequency of calretinin expression in patients with breast cancer in Yazd,Iran. Material and methods: In this cross-sectional retrospective study, the clinicopathologic features and the outcome of patients with breast cancer from 2017 to 2018 were reviewed at Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran. The influence of potential prognostic parameters in the overall survival was investigated by log-rank test and Cox regression analysis. Results: Among 100 cases with breast carcinoma, 14.5% were positive for calretinin. The distribution of the rate of positivity of IHC markers including ER, PR, P53, Ki67 and Her2 was 62.9%, 57.1%, 46.2%, 80.5% and 22.1%, respectively. The most common grade and stage were grade2 and stage3 respectively. There was no significant difference in the status of IHC markers (including ER, PR, Her2 and Ki67) in terms of calretinin. 66.7% of the patients with calretinin positive results were P53 positive. The results of the mean tumor size distribution in the two groups of positive and negative calretinin showed a significant difference (P-value = 0.05). A lower age at the time of diagnosis was found in patients with calretinin positive results (P-value = 0.119). The mean survival rate in calretinin positive group was 6.71 years and 6.62 years in calretinin negative patients which was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated an association between calretinin expression and other IHC markers (although not statistically significant) in predicting poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. In addition, we found a statistically significant association among calretinin with smaller tumor size and lower age at the time of diagnosis in patients with breast cancer.

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GÁBRIEL, ROBERT, BÉLA VÖLGYI und EDIT POLLÁK. „Most calretinin-containing amacrine cells in the rabbit retina co-localize glycine“. Visual Neuroscience 16, Nr. 6 (November 1999): 983–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095252389916601x.

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Calretinin-containing retinal amacrine cells are heterogeneous with regard to their neurochemical properties. In the rabbit retina, about 90% of them contain glycine, as evidenced in the present study by double-label immunocytochemistry. In a previous report, we showed that a small population of amacrine cells contains both γ-aminobutyric acid and calretinin. In this study, we further identified this cell population by means of known secondary markers. However, none of the markers we tested (choline acetyltransferase, serotonin accumulation, NADPH-diaphorase, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide) co-localized with calretinin. A small population (1%) of the cells in the ganglion cell layer contains both calretinin and glycine. Since calretinin-positive cells in the ganglion cell layer have been identified as ganglion cells based on soma size and presence of calretinin-positive axons in the optic nerve fiber layer, this population may represent a class of ganglion cell which contains glycine. Our results, together with those of other studies, suggest that calretinin is not a general marker of any of the well-known amacrine cell types in the mammalian retina. Rather, calretinin, just as other calcium-binding proteins, is distributed in a species-specific manner. At the same time it appears that, as shown for horizontal cells, one or more of the major buffer-type calcium-binding proteins of the EF-hand family is present in most of the retinal amacrine cells.

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Venugopal, Suryagayathri, Cicy P. J., Deepa S. und Sankar Sundaram. „Calretinin expression in molecular subtypes of invasive carcinoma breast“. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, Nr. 4 (26.03.2020): 1498. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20201349.

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Background: Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Breast carcinoma is currently managed by assessing clinicopathological features. Elucidation of molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of breast carcinoma may lead to the development of new targeted therapies, particularly in triple negative cancers. Literature shows a few studies on the expression of calretinin in breast carcinoma particularly in basal like type and its prognostic significance. In this study, authors are trying to assess the expression of a new marker calretinin in different molecular subtypes of invasive carcinoma breast.Methods: This study was done in 107 cases of invasive carcinoma breast specimens received in Department of Pathology, Government Medical college, Kottayam from December 2017 to May 2019.Results: Among the molecular subtypes, Basal like tumours showed 68.4% of cases with high level and 31.6% of cases with low level calretinin expression which is comparable with the study by Farrag et al. All the other molecular subgroups showed predominantly low level of calretinin expression.Conclusions: Different molecular subtypes of invasive carcinoma breast showed varied calretinin expression. High level calretinin expression was significantly associated with grade 3 (p value = 0.002), ER negativity (p = 0.004), PR negativity (p = 0.018) and Basal like molecular subtype (p : <0.001). This suggests that calretinin might play a role in pathogenesis of basal like breast carcinomas.

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Anandani, Chitra, Rashmi Metgud und Karanprakash Singh. „Calretinin as a Diagnostic Adjunct for Ameloblastoma“. Pathology Research International 2014 (15.04.2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/308240.

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Background. Calretinin is a 29 kDa calcium-binding protein of the EF-hand family which is expressed in a variety of normal and tumorigenic tissues. Its expression in odontogenic epithelium during odontogenesis and in neoplastic odontogenic tissues has been demonstrated. Unicystic ameloblastoma poses a diagnostic challenge, as its histologic presentation can be sometimes mistaken for keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT). This study was performed to assess the usefulness of calretinin as a confirmatory marker for ameloblastic tissue. Methodology. Total of 40 cases: 16 unicystic ameloblastoma, 4 multicystic ameloblastoma, and 20 KCOT, were evaluated immunohistochemically for the presence, localization, distribution, and intensity of calretinin expression. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test to intercompare the expression between ameloblastoma and KCOT. Results. Sixteen cases of ameloblastoma (12 unicystic, 4 multicystic) showed positive calretinin staining of ameloblastic epithelium and only one case of KCOT was positive for calretinin, with the positivity restricted to the stellate reticulum like epithelium. Intercomparison between two groups revealed statistically significant difference (P=0.000). Conclusion. Calretinin appears to be a specific immunohistochemical marker for neoplastic ameloblastic epithelium and may be an important diagnostic adjunct in the differential diagnosis of ameloblastoma and KCOT.

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Jeong, Hasong, Hye Ra Jung, Ilseon Hwang, Sun Young Kwon, Misun Choe, Yu Na Kang, Eunyoung Jung und Sang Pyo Kim. „Diagnostic Accuracy of Combined Acetylcholinesterase Histochemistry and Calretinin Immunohistochemistry of Rectal Biopsy Specimens in Hirschsprung’s Disease“. International Journal of Surgical Pathology 26, Nr. 6 (13.03.2018): 507–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066896918761235.

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Background. Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) histochemistry has been established as an accurate diagnostic tool for Hirschsprung’s disease (HD). In addition, calretinin immunohistochemistry is also reported as a reliable and adjunctive method to diagnose HD. We investigated the diagnostic value of combined AchE histochemistry and calretinin immunohistochemistry in rectal suction biopsies from HD and non-HD patients. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed 99 rectal suction biopsy specimens including 4 repeat biopsies from 95 patients (34 HD and 61 non-HD). Each specimen was evaluated with hematoxylin-eosin, AchE histochemistry, and calretinin immunohistochemistry. Results. Of 95 patients, only 21 (22.1%) showed some ganglion cells. All 61 non-HD cases revealed no abnormal AchE-positive fibers. Of 34 HD patients, 32 exhibited abnormal AchE fibers, but 2 showed no stained fibers. None of the tissues from the HD patients exhibited calretinin immunoreactivity. Test sensitivity and specificity of AchE histochemistry alone were 93.5% and 100.0%, respectively, while calretinin immunohistochemistry were 100.0% and 85.2%, respectively. Conclusions. AchE histochemistry is a good diagnostic method for HD, if feasible, and a combination of AchE histochemistry and calretinin immunohistochemistry will help increase the accuracy of the diagnosis of HD.

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Sheir, Mahmoud, Rehab M. Samaka, Tamer Fakhry und Ayman A. Albatanony. „Comparative study between use of calretinin and synaptophysin immunostaining in diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease“. International Surgery Journal 6, Nr. 3 (25.02.2019): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20190810.

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Background: Hirschsprung disease (HD) is diagnosed by absence of ganglion cells in rectal biopsy. In some cases, standard methods fail to diagnose agangliosis. The aim of this study is to assess the diagnostic value of immunohistochemistry (IHC) of calretinin and synaptophysin compared to standard methods.Methods: This prospective cross section study was conducted in Menoufia University hospitals, Egypt spanning the period between October 2017 to December 2018. Rectal biopsies of the clinically suspected HD patients stained with calretinin and synaptophysin and their results compared to the standard hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained sections.Results: A total of 30 patients aged from 3 days to 2 years with a male to female ratio 11:4 were examined for rectal biopsies. Sections of 9 cases were diagnosed HD. In inadequate specimens, sensitivity and specificity of calretinin and synpatophysin (100%, 80%) and (100%, 85.71%) respectively were superior to the sensitivity (40%) and specificity (14%) of H&E. However, in adequate specimens, results of H&E, calretinin and synaptophysin were the same.Conclusions: Immunohistochemical expression of calretinin and synaptophysin were conclusive, diagnostic and superior to the results of H&E stained section in inadequate. However, in adequate specimens calretinin and synaptophysin were consistent and confirmatory to the results of H&E sections.

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Gonzalo, David Hernandez, und Thomas Plesec. „Hirschsprung Disease and Use of Calretinin in Inadequate Rectal Suction Biopsies“. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 137, Nr. 8 (01.08.2013): 1099–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2012-0220-oa.

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Context.—Up to 17% of all rectal suction biopsies performed in the evaluation of Hirschsprung disease are considered inadequate. In most instances, inadequate biopsies contain too little submucosa or are taken within the anal transition zone. Objectives.—To examine the utility of calretinin stain in the workup of inadequate biopsies for patients with clinical suspicion of Hirschsprung disease. Design.—A retrospective analysis was conducted of all rectal suction biopsies performed in the evaluation of Hirschsprung disease during the previous 12 years that were considered “inadequate.” Seventeen cases were identified, and Hirschsprung disease status was determined by clinical or surgical follow-up. Immunohistochemistry for calretinin was performed for all cases containing columnar mucosa, which were evaluated without knowledge of clinical course. Results.—All 12 patients without Hirschsprung disease had calretinin-positive nerve fibers in the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae, and all 5 patients with Hirschsprung disease had no calretinin staining of nerves. Conclusions.—In this retrospective series, calretinin immunohistochemistry correctly predicted outcome in all instances. Although the gold standard for the diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease in rectal suction biopsies remains the evaluation of ganglion cells in a hematoxylin-eosin staining with sufficient submucosa, calretinin immunohistochemistry is quite helpful in triaging further workup based on clinical suspicion.

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Wörthmüller, Salicio, Oberson, Blum und Schwaller. „Modulation of Calretinin Expression in Human Mesothelioma Cells Reveals the Implication of the FAK and Wnt Signaling Pathways in Conferring Chemoresistance towards Cisplatin“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, Nr. 21 (29.10.2019): 5391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20215391.

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Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive asbestos-linked neoplasm, characterized by dysregulation of signaling pathways. Due to intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance, MM treatment options remain limited. Calretinin is a Ca2+-binding protein expressed during MM tumorigenesis that activates the FAK signaling pathway, promoting invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Constitutive calretinin downregulation decreases MM cells’ growth and survival, and impairs tumor formation in vivo. In order to evaluate early molecular events occurring during calretinin downregulation, we generated a tightly controlled IPTG-inducible expression system to modulate calretinin levels in vitro. Calretinin downregulation significantly reduced viability and proliferation of MM cells, attenuated FAK signaling and reduced the invasive phenotype of surviving cells. Importantly, surviving cells showed a higher resistance to cisplatin due to increased Wnt signaling. This resistance was abrogated by the Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor 3289-8625. In various MM cell lines and regardless of calretinin expression levels, blocking of FAK signaling activated the Wnt signaling pathway and vice versa. Thus, blocking both pathways had the strongest impact on MM cell proliferation and survival. Chemoresistance mechanisms in MM cells have resulted in a failure of single-agent therapies. Targeting of multiple components of key signaling pathways, including Wnt signaling, might be the future method-of-choice to treat MM.

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Foster, Matthew R., Joyce E. Johnson, Sandy J. Olson und D. Craig Allred. „Immunohistochemical Analysis of Nuclear Versus Cytoplasmic Staining of WT1 in Malignant Mesotheliomas and Primary Pulmonary Adenocarcinomas“. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 125, Nr. 10 (01.10.2001): 1316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2001-125-1316-iaonvc.

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Abstract Context.—Previous studies have indicated certain immunohistochemical markers, including WT1, may be helpful in distinguishing adenocarcinomas from mesotheliomas, but to date there are no reliable, widely accepted, commercially available antibodies positive in mesotheliomas and negative in adenocarcinomas. We compared the nuclear and cytoplasmic staining patterns of WT1 in these 2 malignancies using a commercially available antibody and examined the expression of 2 other previously reported positive markers, calretinin and thrombomodulin. Methods.—Sixty-seven mesotheliomas and 51 adenocarcinomas, all paraffin embedded, were retrieved from recent case files. The diagnosis of mesothelioma was based on typical clinical and morphologic features, as well as immunohistochemistry; electron microscopy had been performed on 16 cases. The diagnosis of adenocarcinoma was based on typical light microscopic findings and a positive stain for mucin. Commercially available antibodies to WT1, thrombomodulin, and calretinin were applied. Because of the conflict surrounding calretinin, 2 anticalretinin antibodies (from Chemicon Inc and Zymed Laboratories) were utilized. Results.—Fifty of 67 mesotheliomas showed strong nuclear staining with WT1. No adenocarcinomas (0/51) showed nuclear staining. Twenty-three of 67 mesotheliomas were positive for thrombomodulin, and 35 of 67 mesotheliomas were positive for calretinin with the Chemicon antibody. Nine of 15 mesotheliomas were positive for calretinin with the Zymed antibody. Conclusions.—Thrombomodulin and calretinin did not prove useful in discriminating between mesotheliomas and adenocarcinomas. The degree of positivity with calretinin may be dependent on the specific antibody utilized. Nuclear staining for WT1 is highly specific for mesothelioma and, in the appropriate clinical setting, can be a helpful adjunct in the distinction between adenocarcinomas and mesotheliomas.

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Adorjan, Istvan, Bashir Ahmed, Virginia Feher, Mario Torso, Kristine Krug, Margaret Esiri, Steven A. Chance und Francis G. Szele. „Calretinin interneuron density in the caudate nucleus is lower in autism spectrum disorder“. Brain 140, Nr. 7 (27.06.2017): 2028–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awx131.

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Abstract Autism spectrum disorder is a debilitating condition with possible neurodevelopmental origins but unknown neuroanatomical correlates. Whereas investigators have paid much attention to the cerebral cortex, few studies have detailed the basal ganglia in autism. The caudate nucleus may be involved in the repetitive movements and limbic changes of autism. We used immunohistochemistry for calretinin and neuropeptide Y in 24 age- and gender-matched patients with autism spectrum disorder and control subjects ranging in age from 13 to 69 years. Patients with autism had a 35% lower density of calretinin+ interneurons in the caudate that was driven by loss of small calretinin+ neurons. This was not caused by altered size of the caudate, as its cross-sectional surface areas were similar between diagnostic groups. Controls exhibited an age-dependent increase in the density of medium and large calretinin+ neurons, whereas subjects with autism did not. Diagnostic groups did not differ regarding ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1+ immunoreactivity for microglia, suggesting chronic inflammation did not cause the decreased calretinin+ density. There was no statistically significant difference in the density of neuropeptide Y+ neurons between subjects with autism and controls. The decreased calretinin+ density may disrupt the excitation/inhibition balance in the caudate leading to dysfunctional corticostriatal circuits. The description of such changes in autism spectrum disorder may clarify pathomechanisms and thereby help identify targets for drug intervention and novel therapeutic strategies.

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Casjens, Swaantje, Daniel G. Weber, Georg Johnen, Irina Raiko, Dirk Taeger, Carmen Meinig, Susanne Moebus, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Thomas Brüning und Beate Pesch. „Assessment of potential predictors of calretinin and mesothelin to improve the diagnostic performance to detect malignant mesothelioma: results from a population-based cohort study“. BMJ Open 7, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2017): e017104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017104.

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ObjectivesMesothelin and calretinin are blood-based markers for malignant mesothelioma. The objective of this study was to analyse the markers in plasma samples from cancer-free men and to identify factors influencing their concentrations to minimise false-positive test results when using these markers for the early detection of malignant mesothelioma.SettingThe present analyses used data and archived blood samples of the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study among elderly people collected from 2011 to 2014.ParticipantsA total of 569 men (median age 70 years) without a malignant disease at the time of blood sampling were selected for these analyses.Primary and secondary outcomeMesothelin and calretinin concentration in plasma samples.ResultsWe observed 24 mesothelin concentrations ≥1.5 nM (specificity 95.8%, 95% CI 93.8% to 97.2%) and 34 calretinin concentrations ≥1.0 ng/mL (specificity 94.0%, 95% CI 91.7% to 95.7%). Only five men had both markers above these cut-offs. Renal dysfunction and hypertension were major predictors of elevated mesothelin in addition to age. Regarding calretinin, the effect of renal dysfunction was slightly weaker and hypertension was not associated with increased concentrations. However, a diagnosis of cancer after blood collection and bronchial asthma were associated with positive calretinin results.ConclusionsThe combined determination of mesothelin and calretinin results in only few false-positive marker tests. Both markers are mainly influenced by renal dysfunction. The determination of cystatin C concentrations may be informative when interpreting the test results.

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Schwaller, Beat, Marco R. Celio und Willi Hunziker. „Alternative Splicing of Calretinin mRNA Leads to Different Forms of Calretinin“. European Journal of Biochemistry 230, Nr. 2 (Juni 1995): 424–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.0424h.x.

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Lyons-Boudreaux, Virganeyce, Dina R. Mody, Jim Zhai und Donna Coffey. „Cytologic Malignancy Versus Benignancy: How Useful Are the “Newer” Markers in Body Fluid Cytology?“ Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 132, Nr. 1 (01.01.2008): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2008-132-23-cmvbhu.

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Abstract Context.—Differentiating reactive effusion, malignant mesothelioma, and metastatic adenocarcinoma in body cavity fluids can be challenging. Interpreting immunohistochemical markers in cell block preparations can be difficult because of nonspecific staining, focal staining, or poor staining quality. We selected a panel of conventional and newer markers to assess their utility in evaluating effusions. Objective.—To evaluate the efficacy of 5 immunohistochemical markers in the differential diagnosis of reactive mesothelial proliferation, malignant mesothelioma, and metastatic adenocarcinoma in body cavity fluids. Design.—A total of 72 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cell block specimens from pleural and peritoneal effusions, including 5 mesotheliomas, 48 adenocarcinomas, and 19 benign effusions were stained with antibodies against calretinin, D2-40, XIAP, MOC-31, and WT1. Results.—All benign effusions and mesotheliomas demonstrated diffuse membranous staining with D2-40. All mesotheliomas displayed calretinin positivity, whereas only 58% of benign effusions stained focally with calretinin. MOC-31 was positive in all cases of adenocarcinoma, whereas all benign effusions and mesotheliomas were negative. All cases of the metastatic adenocarcinoma were negative for calretinin and D2-40. However, background reactive mesothelial cells were positive for calretinin and D2-40. Overall, D2-40 highlighted more mesothelial cells than calretinin. WT1 was positive in 50% of benign effusions, 60% of mesotheliomas, and 27% of adenocarcinomas. XIAP stained most mesotheliomas (80%), some adenocarcinomas (51%), and rare benign effusions (11%). Conclusions.—MOC-31 and D2-40 were very sensitive and specific markers of epithelial and mesothelial cells, respectively. Compared with calretinin, D2-40 was a more sensitive marker of mesothelial cells. WT1 proved to be nonspecific. XIAP was not a sensitive marker for malignancy and had a limited value in cytology. We recommend using a panel to include MOC-31 and D2-40 to improve diagnostic accuracy in body cavity effusions.

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Tan, Chien Sheng, und Suyin Ong. „An interesting case of melanoma with divergent differentiation aberrantly expressing calretinin stain“. Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare 29, Nr. 2 (06.02.2020): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2010105819899109.

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Metaplastic melanoma or melanoma with divergent differentiation is a rare variant of melanoma with a wide spectrum of mesodermal and ectodermal differentiation. This is a case of metaplastic melanoma with aberrant expression for calretinin stain in the chondroid component and malignant cells adjacent to it. The finding of calretinin positivity in melanoma could be useful in diagnosing metastatic metaplastic melanoma. The awareness of the possibility of aberrant calretinin positivity in metaplastic melanoma with chondroid differentiation is critical to avoid a potential pitfall in misdiagnosing metaplastic melanoma as sarcoma or mesothelioma.

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Goebel, Dennis J., und Roberta G. Pourcho. „Calretinin in the cat retina: Colocalizations with other calcium-binding proteins, GABA and glycine“. Visual Neuroscience 14, Nr. 2 (März 1997): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800011445.

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AbstractImmunocytochemical techniques were used to determine the distribution of the calcium-binding protein calretinin in the cat retina. Comparisons were made with parvalbumin and calbindin as well as with the inhibitory neurotransmitters GABA and glycine. Calretinin immunoreactivity was seen in horizontal cells and multiple subpopulations of amacrine and ganglion cells. Cone outer segments were also stained. Calbindin immunoreactivity was present in cone photoreceptors, horizontal cells, at least two subtypes of cone bipolar cell, numerous amacrine cells, and cells residing in the ganglion cell layer. Heavy staining for parvalbumin was found in both A- and B-type horizontal cells, distinct subpopulations of amacrine and ganglion cells, and a small population of cone photoreceptor cells. To confirm the identity of cone photoreceptors, comparisons were made with retinas stained for opsins specific for red/green or blue cones (Szé1 et al., 1986). The localization of parvalbumin corresponded with that of blue-type cones only whereas calretinin and calbindin staining showed the same distribution as both red/green and blue cones. Double-label immunofluorescence studies revealed colocalization of all three of the calcium-binding proteins in a number of neurons including horizontal cells and AII amacrine cells. To assess a possible transmitter-specific relationship for calretinin, double-label studies were carried out with GABA and glycine. However, the staining patterns for each of these inhibitory amino acids differed substantially from that of calretinin. The possibility remains that calretinin and other calcium-binding proteins may play a role in neurotransmission through interactions with receptors or second-messenger agents.

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Altini, M., H. Coleman, C. Doglioni, G. Favia und E. Maiorano. „Calretinin expression in ameloblastomas“. Histopathology 37, Nr. 1 (Juli 2000): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2000.00940.x.

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Dezfoulian, Omid, Hesameddin Akbarein, Shahram Jamshidi, Hananeh Golshahi, Hamed M. Lakooraj und Leila Haghighi. „Calretinin expression as a risk biomarker for metastatic canine mammary carcinoma“. Veterinarski arhiv 90, Nr. 5 (15.10.2020): 453–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24099/vet.arhiv.0571.

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Malignant breast tumors are the most common tumors in humans and are associated with a poor prognosis. An accurate animal model of human mammary gland tumorigenesis is needed to test novel diagnosis and treatment strategies. Dogs represent a promising model since they develop such tumors spontaneously. In the present study, three immunomarkers, including calretinin, c-Kit (CD117) and placental alkaline phosphatase (Plap), were used and compared with each other, in relation to estrogen and progesterone receptors and HER2 (triple markers), with the intention of malignancy grading. Enhanced expression of calretinin and placental alkaline phosphatase, without immunoreaction to c-Kit in neoplastic cells, is related to high-grade malignancy. Out of 50 tumors, 31 were metastasized, 29 of which (93.5%) were moderately to strongly calretinin positive (P<0.05). However, the results for c-Kit - and Plap+ in metastatic tumors were not reproducible. It may be concluded that calretinin could be introduced as a determinant biomarker in the diagnosis of breast cancer metastasis.

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Arora, Raman, Shipra Agarwal, Sandeep R. Mathur, Kusum Verma, Venkateswaran K. Iyer und Manju Aron. „Utility of a limited panel of calretinin and Ber-EP4 immunocytochemistry on cytospin preparation of serous effusions: A cost-effective measure in resource-limited settings“. CytoJournal 8 (28.07.2011): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1742-6413.83233.

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Background: Differentiation between reactive, but morphologically atypical, mesothelial cells and adenocarcinoma in effusions can be problematic. Elaborate immunohistochemical panels have been devised. Techniques like DNA analysis, flow/image cytometry, and K-ras mutation analysis are research oriented and difficult to perform in routine, especially in resource-poor centers. We evaluated the efficacy of a limited two-antibody panel comprising calretinin and Ber-EP4 on cytospin and cell block preparations, in 100 effusion samples. Materials and Methods: Fifty cases of reactive mesothelial hyperplasia and 50 cases of adenocarcinoma diagnosed by cytomorphology in ascitic/pleural fluid specimens over a 2-year period were assessed. The diagnoses were confirmed by clinical/histopathologic correlation. Cytospin smears were made in all. Cell blocks were prepared, wherever adequate fluid was available. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) for calretinin and Ber-EP4 was performed. Results: Forty-five of the reactive effusion cases (90%) were calretinin reactive and Ber-EP4 negative. Among the adenocarcinoma cases, 49 (98%) were calretinin negative but Ber-EP4 positive. Thus, both calretinin and Ber-EP4 had a high sensitivity (90% and 98%, respectively), as well as a high specificity (100% and 86%, respectively). In the 21 reactive mesothelial cases, whose cell blocks were made, results were comparable to those on cytospin. However, of the 19 adenocarcinoma cases in which cell blocks were prepared, all were Ber-EP4 immunopositive except for three, which were positive on cytospin, implying false-negative results on cell blocks. Conclusions: A limited panel of two monoclonal antibodies, calretinin and Ber-EP4, may be useful in cytology, as a “primary antibody panel”, for accurate diagnosis and patient management. Additionally, ICC can be performed easily on cytospin preparations, which gave results comparable to cell blocks in our study.

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Jiménez-Ramírez, Carmina, Daniel Gilbert Weber, Guadalupe Aguilar-Madrid, Alexander Brik, Cuauhtémoc Arturo Juárez-Pérez, Swaantje Casjens, Irina Raiko, Thomas Brüning, Georg Johnen und Alejandro Cabello-López. „Assessment of miR-103a-3p in leukocytes—No diagnostic benefit in combination with the blood-based biomarkers mesothelin and calretinin for malignant pleural mesothelioma diagnosis“. PLOS ONE 17, Nr. 10 (14.10.2022): e0275936. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275936.

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Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a cancer associated with asbestos exposure and its diagnosis is challenging due to the moderate sensitivities of the available methods. In this regard, miR-103a-3p was considered to increase the sensitivity of established biomarkers to detect MPM. Its behavior and diagnostic value in the Mexican population has not been previously evaluated. In 108 confirmed MPM cases and 218 controls, almost all formerly exposed to asbestos, we quantified miR-103-3a-3p levels in leukocytes using quantitative Real-Time PCR, together with mesothelin and calretinin measured in plasma by ELISA. Sensitivity and specificity of miR-103-3a-3p alone and in combination with mesothelin and calretinin were determined. Bivariate analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation. Non-conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate the area under curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity for the combination of biomarkers. Mesothelin and calretinin levels were higher among cases, remaining as well among males and participants ≤60 years old (only mesothelin). Significant differences for miR-103a-3p were observed between male cases and controls, whereas significant differences between cases and controls for mesothelin and calretinin were observed in men and women. At 95.5% specificity the individual sensitivity of miR-103a-3p was 4.4% in men, whereas the sensitivity of mesothelin and calretinin was 72.2% and 80.9%, respectively. Positive correlations for miR-103a-3p were observed with age, environmental asbestos exposure, years with diabetes mellitus, and glucose levels, while negative correlations were observed with years of occupational asbestos exposure, creatinine, erythrocytes, direct bilirubin, and leukocytes. The addition of miR-103a-3p to mesothelin and calretinin did not increase the diagnostic performance for MPM diagnosis. However, miR-103a-3p levels were correlated with several characteristics in the Mexican population.

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Bhatia, Yashika, Sunita Singh, Kamal Nain Rattan, Padam Parmar, Megha Ralli und Rajeev Sen. „Immunohistochemical evaluation of neuronal dysfunction in paediatric patients with Hirschsprung’s disease and allied disorder“. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, Nr. 7 (25.06.2018): 2466. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20182837.

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Background: Neonatal bowel obstruction may result due to defect in the intestine wall which may be classified as neuropathic, myopathic or idiopathic types according to the pathological changes observed. The present study was conducted between September 2014 to December 2015 with the aim to study histomorphological changes and evaluate the role of various IHC markers (calretinin, S-100, CD117) in Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) to assess neuronal dysfunction in these patients.Methods: Thirty cases with clinical suspicion of HD were included in our study. The tissue sections were processed and wax blocks were prepared. Histopathological diagnosis was established on routine H and E. Representative sections were further subjected to IHC staining with calretinin, CD117 and S-100 protein. A descriptive study was carried out. Chi-square was used with P-value less than 0.05 accepted as statistically significant.Results: Out of 30 cases with clinical suspicion of HD, 13 cases were diagnosed as HD, 10 as Non-HD motility disorder whereas 7 were without any definitive diagnosis. All the cases were subjected to IHC staining using calretinin. Out of 13 cases diagnosed as HD, 1 case showed presence of ganglion cell using calretinin. All 7 equivocal cases were accurately diagnosed by calretinin. Thus 12 cases were confirmed HD while 18 were diagnosed as Non HD motility disorder. On statistical analysis, sensitivity (92.3%) of calretinin was lower than specificity (100%). Nerve bundle hypertrophy was observed in 11 cases of HD and 9 cases of Non-HD motility disorder using S-100 as an IHC marker. CD117 was used to demonstrate altered density and distribution of ICCs was statistically significant in cases of Non-HD motility disorder.Conclusions: IHC is being widely used as a reliable adjunctive test in evaluation of motility disorders of bowel. In view of its ease and reproducibility, it can be routinely used, avoiding need for repeated biopsies, and delay in treatment.

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Schwaller, Beat, Isabelle Durussel, Doris Jermann, Brigitte Herrmann und Jos A. Cox. „Comparison of the Ca2+-binding Properties of Human Recombinant Calretinin-22k and Calretinin“. Journal of Biological Chemistry 272, Nr. 47 (21.11.1997): 29663–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.47.29663.

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Strauss, K. I., J. Kuznicki, L. Winsky und D. M. Jacobowitz. „Expression and Rapid Purification of Recombinant Rat Calretinin: Similarity to Native Rat Calretinin“. Protein Expression and Purification 5, Nr. 2 (April 1994): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/prep.1994.1029.

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Mazzone, Stuart B., und Alice E. McGovern. „Innervation of tracheal parasympathetic ganglia by esophageal cholinergic neurons: evidence from anatomic and functional studies in guinea pigs“. American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 298, Nr. 3 (März 2010): L404—L416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00166.2009.

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In the present study, we describe a subset of nerve fibers, characterized by their immunoreactivity for the calcium-binding protein calretinin, that are densely and selectively associated with cholinergic postganglionic neurons in the guinea pig tracheal ganglia. Retrograde neuronal tracing with cholera toxin B, combined with immunohistochemical analyses, showed that these nerve fibers do not originate from sensory neurons in the nodose, jugular, or dorsal root ganglia or from motor neurons in the nucleus ambiguus, dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve, spinal cord, stellate ganglia, or superior cervical ganglia. Calretinin-immunoreactive nerve fibers disappeared from tracheal segments after 48 h in organotypic culture, indicating that the fibers were of extrinsic origin. However, calretinin-positive nerve fibers persisted in tracheal ganglia when tracheae were cocultured with the adjacent esophagus intact. Immunohistochemical analysis of the esophagus revealed a population of cholinergic neurons in the esophageal myenteric plexus that coexpressed calretinin. In functional studies, electrical stimulation of the esophagus in vitro evoked measurable contractions of the trachea. These contractions were not altered by prior organotypic culture of the trachea and esophagus to remove the extrinsic innervation to the airways but were significantly ( P < 0.05) inhibited by the ganglionic blocker hexamethonium or by physical disruption of the tissue connecting the trachea and esophagus. These data suggest that a subset of esophageal neurons, characterized by the expression of calretinin and acetylcholine, provide a previously unrecognized excitatory input to tracheal cholinergic ganglia in guinea pigs.

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Yousif, Mustafa Q., Ziyan T. Salih, Barry R. DeYoung und Shadi A. Qasem. „Differentiating Intrarenal Ectopic Adrenal Tissue From Renal Cell Carcinoma in the Kidney“. International Journal of Surgical Pathology 26, Nr. 7 (06.06.2018): 588–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066896918779449.

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Background. Adrenal rest (AR) is the presence of ectopic adrenal cortical tissue, often identified incidentally during autopsy (20% of postmortem examination). In the kidney, AR can be found in 6% of the general population. Ectopic adrenal tissue is of no functional significance but may in some cases, pose a diagnostic challenge for the pathologist, especially in the context of renal clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and small needle biopsies. Aim. To investigate the utility of immunohistochemical stains in distinguishing AR from RCC. Methods. Archival cases of AR, in our institution, were reviewed and compared with a cohort of RCC cases using a panel of immunohistochemical stains, including PAX2, PAX8, calretinin, and inhibin. Results. Nine of 10 (90%) cases of AR showed positive staining for inhibin and negative staining for calretinin, PAX2 and PAX8. One AR case was positive for PAX2 and PAX8 in addition to inhibin. All (100%) RCC cases were positive for PAX2 and PAX8, but negative for inhibin and calretinin. Conclusions. A panel of PAX2, PAX8 and inhibin may be useful markers for distinguishing AR from RCC. Calretinin was noncontributory in our study.

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PIATTELLI, A., M. FIORONI, G. IEZZI und C. RUBINI. „Calretinin Expression in Odontogenic Cysts“. Journal of Endodontics 29, Nr. 6 (Juni 2003): 394–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004770-200306000-00003.

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Camp, Aaron James, und Rajiv Wijesinghe. „Calretinin: Modulator of neuronal excitability“. International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 41, Nr. 11 (November 2009): 2118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2009.05.007.

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Jaiswal, Neha, Jayant Makrande und Sunita Vagha. „Epithelial Membrane Antigen, Vimentin, Desmin, Calretinin, E-Cadherin on Cell Block Preparations to Distinguish Well Differentiated Adenocarcinoma from Benign, Reactive, Atypical Mesothelial Cells“. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, Nr. 18 (03.05.2021): 1302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/275.

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BACKGROUND Inconclusive cytomorphology often results due to failure to distinguish between adenocarcinoma cells from benign, reactive, atypical mesothelial cells in effusion specimens. To resolve such dilemmas, auxiliary techniques like immunohistochemistry were utilised to reach a definitive diagnosis for better treatment and management of patients. We wanted to compare cytodiagnosis achieved on cell block preparations with the cytodiagnosis on conventional smear and perform immunohistochemistry for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), calretinin, desmin, vimentin and E-cadherin on cell block preparation of the fluids in cases of indistinguishable cytomorphology of adenocarcinoma and reactive, atypical, and benign mesothelial hyperplasia. METHODS The immunohistochemical markers namely EMA, calretinin, vimentin, desmin and Ecadherin were applied on cell blocks employing streptavidin-biotin method. Immunohistochemistry was interpreted by giving scores to the percentage of stained cells. RESULTS EMA and E-cadherin had 100 % sensitivity in diagnosing adenocarcinoma whereas calretinin, vimentin and desmin were 100 % sensitive in diagnosing reactive, atypical mesothelial carcinoma on the cell block preparations. CONCLUSIONS Immunocytochemistry of fluid should be carried out on the cell block preparation where cytological diagnosis on conventional smear and cell block fails to detect malignant cells in the preparation. KEY WORDS Cell Block, Adenocarcinoma, Mesothelial Cells, Immunohistochemistry, EMA, Calretinin, Vimentin, Desmin, E-Cadherin

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Tooulou, Monika, Pieter Demetter, Anwar Hamade, Caroline Keyzer, Joëlle L. Nortier und Agnieszka A. Pozdzik. „Morphological Retrospective Study of Peritoneal Biopsies from Patients with Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis: Underestimated Role of Adipocytes as New Fibroblasts Lineage?“ International Journal of Nephrology 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/987415.

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Background. Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Besides the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), recently peritoneal adipocytes emerged as a potential source of fibrosis. We performed immunohistochemistry to approach EMT and to localize peritoneal adipocytes in peritoneal biopsies from PD-related EPS patients.Material and Methods. We investigated tissue expression of podoplanin, cytokeratin AE1/AE3 (mesothelium), calretinin (adipocytes), alpha-smooth muscle actin [α-SMA] (mesenchymal cells), interstitial mononuclear cell inflammation, and neoangiogenesis (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD68, and CD31 immunostainings, resp.).Results. Three patients (1 man/2 women; 17, 64, and 39 years old, resp.) developed EPS after 21, 90, and 164 months of PD therapy. In patients with EPS, we observed (1) loss of AE1/AE3 cytokeratin+ mesothelial cells without any evidence of migration into the interstitium, (2) disappearance of adipose tissue, (3) diffuse infiltration of calretinin+ cells in the areas of submesothelial fibrosis with a huge number ofα-SMA and calretinin+ fusiform cells, and (4) increased vascular density.Conclusion. We report that the involvement of EMT in peritoneal fibrosis is difficult to demonstrate and that the calretinin+ adipocytes might be an underestimated component and a new source of myofibroblasts in peritoneal remodeling during PD-related EPS.

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Casjens, Swaantje, Georg Johnen, Irina Raiko, Beate Pesch, Dirk Taeger, Carmen Töpfer, Sandra Schonefeld et al. „Re-evaluation of potential predictors of calretinin and mesothelin in a population-based cohort study using assays for the routine application in clinical medicine“. BMJ Open 11, Nr. 2 (Februar 2021): e039079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039079.

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ObjectivesCalretinin and mesothelin are molecular markers for the detection of malignant mesothelioma at early stages. Our objective was the re-evaluation of factors influencing calretinin and mesothelin concentrations in plasma of cancer-free men in order to minimise false-positive tests when using commercial assays approved for clinical diagnostics.SettingThis re-evaluation used data and archived blood samples of the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study (HNRS) collected from 2011 to 2014.ParticipantsThe present analysis comprised of 569 cancer-free men at the time of blood sampling (median age 70 years) from HNRS.Primary and secondary outcomesMesothelin plasma concentration was determined using ELISA and CLEIA (chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay). Calretinin plasma concentration was assessed using ELISA.ResultsCompared with the previous determination of concentrations, we detected less false-positive tests using the commercial assays. In this analysis, we found nine false-positive calretinin tests using the ELISA (specificity 98.4%, 95% CI 97.0% to 99.2%) and 24 false-positive mesothelin tests using both ELISA and CLEIA (specificity 95.8%, 95% CI 93.8% to 97.2%). We confirmed renal dysfunction as major predictor of elevated marker concentrations. Mesothelin was additionally affected by bronchitis. Furthermore, elevated inflammation values and hypertension only affected the mesothelin concentration determined by ELISA.ConclusionsThe newly available assays of calretinin and mesothelin approved for clinical diagnostics showed high specificities in the population-based cohort of elderly men without a malignant disease. The current evaluation provides a basis to consider influencing factors in order to further improve the diagnostic procedure.

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Mukhopadhyay, Bedabrata, Moumita Sengupta, Chhanda Das, Madhumita Mukhopadhyay, Shibsankar Barman und Biswanath Mukhopadhyay. „Immunohistochemistry-based comparative study in detection of Hirschsprung’s disease in infants in a Tertiary Care Center“. Journal of Laboratory Physicians 9, Nr. 02 (April 2017): 076–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-2727.199623.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) is the major cause of pediatric intestinal obstruction with a complex pattern of inheritance. The absence of ganglion cells along with an analysis of hypertrophy and hyperplasia of nerves in the nerve plexus of submucosa and muscularis mucosae is regarded as a potential hallmark for its diagnosis. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to ascertain the (1) clinical profile, (2) mode of presentation, and (3) to compare the role of calretinin immunostaining with acetylcholinesterase in the diagnosis of HD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective and observational study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, IPGME & R from June 2014 to May 2015. One hundred and four patients clinically and radiologically diagnosed with HD underwent surgery were included in the study. The data of every patient including age, sex, and presenting symptoms were recorded. Eventually, histopathological, calretinin, and acetylcholinesterase immunohistochemical examination were done. RESULTS: Total numbers of cases studied were 104, which aged between 0 days and 365 days. Male preponderance (76.92%) was noted. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive value of acetylcholinesterase were 100%, 86.44%, 84.91%, and 100%, respectively. The concordance of detection of ganglion cells and nerve fibers, and thereby diagnosis of Hirschsprung’s and non-HD using calretinin and the gold standard was statistically in strong agreement (κ = 0.749, 95% confidence interval: 0.635–0.863). CONCLUSIONS: Calretinin stands out as the single and indispensable tool that differentiates HD from other mimickers.

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Ayesha Sarwar, Maryam Qaiser, Aisha Akbar, Muhammad Ashraf, Tehseen Rafaqat und Humera Javed. „Is nerve bundle hypertrophy a reliable criteria for diagnosing Hirschsprung disease? A case control study using Calretinin as an adjunct tool for confirming Hirschsprung disease.“ Professional Medical Journal 29, Nr. 09 (01.09.2022): 1293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2022.29.09.7027.

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Objective: To determine the frequency of nerve bundle hypertrophy in aganglionic segments in relation to the site of biopsy, along with the assessment of value of Calretinin immunostaining in the diagnosis of suspected cases of Hirschsprung disease. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Pathology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) Islamabad. Period: September 2018 to March 2019. Material & Methods: After routine tissue processing colonic biopsies were examined for presence of ganglion cells and hypertrophic nerve presence or absence. Diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease was based on the absence of ganglion cells in submucosal and myenteric plexus, the presence or absence of hypertrophic nerves (more than 4 nerves >30 µm thick/×200 field or more than 2 nerves >40 µm thick/×200 field) was also noted in all cases of Hirschsprung disease (aganglionic segments). Calretinin immunostaining was applied to all the cases and controls and findings were recorded as positive or negative staining. Statistical Analysis: Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Qualitative data was calculated as frequencies and percentages. Pearson Chi square test was used to establish the association of nerve bundle hypertrophy with the site of biopsy. Results: Total biopsies were 60; 30 each from ganglionic and aganglionic segments. Calretinin sensitivity in our study was 90%, specificity 83.3%. In 30 cases of aganglionosis hypertrophic nerves were present in 13(21.7%) and they were absent in 17 (28.3%). No significant association (p value= 0.447) was seen in nerve bundle hypertrophy and site of biopsy. Conclusion: Calretinin immunohistochemistry can be used as a reliable ancillary technique in the diagnosis of HD. Aganglionosis may not always be associated with submucosal nerve hypertrophy which alone should not be used as a criteria for HD diagnosis but instead adjunct methods like Calretinin immunostaining must be utilized to confirm presence or absence of ganglion cells. There is no association of nerve hypertrophy with site of biopsy.

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Strauss, Kenneth I., und David M. Jacobowitz. „Nucleotide sequence of rat calretinin cDNA“. Neurochemistry International 22, Nr. 6 (Juni 1993): 541–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-0186(93)90028-4.

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Li, A., J. Xue und E. H. Peterson. „Architecture of the Mouse Utricle: Macular Organization and Hair Bundle Heights“. Journal of Neurophysiology 99, Nr. 2 (Februar 2008): 718–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00831.2007.

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Hair bundles are critical to mechanotransduction by vestibular hair cells, but quantitative data are lacking on vestibular bundles in mice or other mammals. Here we quantify bundle heights and their variation with macular locus and hair cell type in adult mouse utricular macula. We also determined that macular organization differs from previous reports. The utricle has ∼3,600 hair cells, half on each side of the line of polarity reversal (LPR). A band of low hair cell density corresponds to a band of calretinin-positive calyces, i.e., the striola. The relation between the LPR and the striola differs from previous reports in two ways. First, the LPR lies lateral to the striola instead of bisecting it. Second, the LPR follows the striolar trajectory anteriorly, but posteriorly it veers from the edge of the striola to reach the posterior margin of the macula. Consequently, more utricular bundles are oriented mediolaterally than previously supposed. Three hair cell classes are distinguished in calretinin-stained material: type II hair cells, type ID hair cells contacting calretinin-negative (dimorphic) afferents, and type IC hair cells contacting calretinin-positive (calyceal) afferents. They differ significantly on most bundle measures. Type II bundles have short stereocilia. Type IC bundles have kinocilia and stereocilia of similar heights, i.e., KS ratios (ratio of kinocilium to stereocilia heights) ∼1, unlike other receptor classes. In contrast to these class-specific differences, bundles show little regional variation except that KS ratios are lowest in the striola. These low KS ratios suggest that bundle stiffness is greater in the striola than in the extrastriola.

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Reddy, Purushotham, Ravi Koppad und Nayantara M. Nirgude. „Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma: A Case Report“. Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology 7, Nr. 1 (08.01.2022): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjpm.2022.v07i01.001.

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Mesothelioma of peritoneum is a rare malignancy of serosal membranes. Here we report a case of 55year old female with mass per abdomen reported as epithelioid type of peritoneal mesothelioma. The diagnostic challenge in our cases was due to non specific presentation and the varied histologic morphology of tumor cells for which immunohistochemical studies with markers calretinin, vimentin, cytokeratin 20, cytokeratin5/6, CD34 and HMB34 had to be performed to arrive at the diagnosis. The tumor cells showed positvity for calretinin, vimentin and cytokeratin 20. The final diagnosis was possible due to correlation of histological and immunohistochemical characteristics been consistent with mesothelial origin.

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Pawar, Vipul Mohan, Rashmi Hosalkar und Janaki Iyer. „Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Calretinin and Cytokeratin-19 in Odontogenic Keratocyst and Ameloblastoma: A Retrospective Study“. Journal of Contemporary Dentistry 5, Nr. 2 (2015): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1116.

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ABSTRACT The odontogenic epithelial remnants, i.e. cell rests of Serre and Malassez, are formed from dental lamina and Hertwig's epithelial root sheath respectively, may proliferate and have role in pathogenesis of odontogenic cysts and tumors. Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is the most common and aggressive cyst of the dental lamina origin. Ameloblastoma, the second most common odontogenic tumor (OT), is a clinically benign and locally invasive polymorphic neoplasia. Differentiation of OKC from ameloblastoma sometimes poses a diagnostic dilemma, thus necessitating the need to differentiate between the two (especially unicystic ameloblastoma and OKC). Calretinin, a calcium binding protein, functions as a calcium buffer and a regulator of apoptosis. Some studies have shown its expression in parakeratinized OKC, unicystic and solid ameloblastoma, but not in other OTs. Calretinin may thus provide a better understanding of the biological behavior and tumorogenesis of ameloblastoma. cytokeratin (CK)-19 is a type I cytokeratin, has been found to be a reliable marker of epithelial differentiation. The intense expression of CK-19 is useful for identification of odontogenic epithelial components, thus suggesting their potential for proliferation to form epithelial odontogenic cysts and tumors. The aim of this study is to evaluate calretinin and Ck-19 in OKC and ameloblastoma. For this retrospective study, 20 formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue samples of histopathologically proven OKC and ameloblastoma each, retrieved from the department of oral pathology was used. The results will be evaluated by using immunohistochemical analysis. How to cite this article Pawar VM, Patel S, Pathak J, Swain N, Hosalkar R, Iyer J. Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Calretinin and Cytokeratin-19 in Odontogenic Keratocyst and Ameloblastoma: A Retrospective Study. J Contemp Dent 2015;5(2):98-103.

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Marilley, Dominique, Silvia Vonlanthen, Aline Gioria und Beat Schwaller. „Calretinin and Calretinin-22k Increase Resistance toward Sodium Butyrate-Induced Differentiation in CaCo-2 Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells“. Experimental Cell Research 268, Nr. 1 (August 2001): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/excr.2001.5261.

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Coe, Sarah E., Michael M. Garner und Matti Kiupel. „Immunohistochemical characterization of mesothelioma in 6 large felids“. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 33, Nr. 4 (13.05.2021): 767–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10406387211015640.

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Mesothelioma has been reported frequently in large felids. These neoplasms present a diagnostic challenge given their highly variable morphology that mimics carcinomas or sarcomas at different locations. Our goal was to characterize mesotheliomas morphologically and immunohistochemically to determine if a panel of antibodies could be used to more accurately support the diagnosis of these neoplasms in large felids. Mesotheliomas from 6 large felids, including 4 clouded leopards, 1 Bengal tiger, and 1 cheetah, were immunohistochemically labeled for vimentin, E-cadherin, pancytokeratin, Wilms tumor 1 (WT1), MUC-1, and calretinin. The mesotheliomas of the 4 clouded leopards and the tiger were of the epithelial subtype; the mesothelioma from the cheetah was biphasic. All 6 mesotheliomas had strong immunohistochemical labeling for vimentin, E-cadherin, and pancytokeratin. All cases had cytoplasmic labeling for WT1, and 2 also had nuclear labeling. The 3 mesotheliomas with distinct papillary fronds were weakly positive for MUC-1. These and one other epithelial mesothelioma were also positive for calretinin. Our study demonstrates that the morphologic and immunohistochemical phenotypes of mesothelioma that have been identified in humans and domestic species can occur in large felids, and a panel of pancytokeratin, vimentin, WT1, and calretinin can be utilized to support the diagnosis of these neoplasms.

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Doglioni, Claudio, Angelo P. Dei, Licia Laurino, Paolo Iuzzolino, Concetta Chiarelli, Marco R. Celio und Giuseppe Viale. „Calretinin: A Novel Immunocytochemical Marker for Mesothelioma“. American Journal of Surgical Pathology 20, Nr. 9 (September 1996): 1037–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000478-199609000-00001.

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Ordóñez, Nelson G. „Value of Calretinin Immunostaining in Diagnostic Pathology“. Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology 22, Nr. 6 (Juli 2014): 401–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pai.0b013e31829b6fbd.

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Moore, Robert Y. „Calretinin Neurons in the Rat Suprachiasmatic Nucleus“. Journal of Biological Rhythms 31, Nr. 4 (21.06.2016): 406–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748730416654024.

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Terracciano, Luigi M., Paulette Mhawech, Katrin Suess, Maria D’Armiento, Frank S. Lehmann, Gernot Jundt, Holger Moch, Guido Sauter und Michael J. Mihatsch. „Calretinin as a Marker for Cardiac Myxoma“. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 114, Nr. 5 (01.11.2000): 754–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1309/nr6g-t872-f090-lbrw.

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Kato, Takashi, Kumiko Yokouchi, Zhiyou Li, Nanae Fukushima, Kyutaro Kawagishi und Tetsuji Moriizumi. „Calretinin-immunoreactive neurons in rostral migratory stream“. NeuroReport 10, Nr. 13 (September 1999): 2769–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001756-199909090-00013.

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Baker, Susan S., und Rafal Kozielski. „Calretinin and Pathologic Diagnosis of Hirschsprung Disease“. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 58, Nr. 5 (Mai 2014): 544–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mpg.0000000000000312.

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