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Thematische Bibliographien / Copper Copper Runoff / Zeitschriftenartikel

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Copper Copper Runoff“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 4. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. Februar 2022

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1

Boller, M. A., und M. Steiner. „Diffuse emission and control of copper in urban surface runoff“. Water Science and Technology 46, Nr. 6-7 (01.09.2002): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0677.

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Copper washed off from roofs and roads is considered to be a major contribution to diffuse copper pollution of urban environments. In order to guarantee sustainable protection of soils and water, the long-term strategy is to avoid or replace copper containing materials on roofs and façades. Until achievement of this goal, a special adsorber system is suggested to control the diffuse copper fluxes by retention of copper by a mixture of granulated iron-hydroxide (GEH) and calcium carbonate. Since future stormwater runoff concepts are based on decentralised runoff infiltration into the underground, solutions are proposed which provide for copper retention in infiltration sites using GEH adsorption layers. The example of a large copper façade of which the runoff is treated in an adsorption trench reveals the first full-scale data on façade runoff and adsorber performance. During the first year of investigation average façade runoff concentrations in the range of 1-10 mg Cu/l are reduced by 96-99% in the adsorption ditch.

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2

Athanasiadis, K., B. Helmreich und P. A. Wilderer. „Infiltration of a copper roof runoff through artificial barriers“. Water Science and Technology 54, Nr. 6-7 (01.09.2006): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.599.

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On-site infiltration of a copper roof runoff may contribute to deterioration of the ground and ground water. To avoid such a negative effect the performance of two different technical systems, equipped with four different barrier materials, regarding copper elimination was examined in a field study. During the period March 2004 to January 2005, 16 rain events were examined. Copper concentrations between 200 and 11,000 μg/L in the roof runoff during a rain event were observed. The cover material of the roof and the drainage system were responsible for the high concentrations of copper in the roof runoff. It was evident that roof aspects facing towards the wind direction were receiving higher rainfall, thus were establishing higher copper runoff rates. The retention facilities have reached a performance of up to 97% regarding copper elimination.

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3

Horváth, A., und K. Buzás. „Zinc and copper in roof runoff“. Water Science and Technology 67, Nr. 8 (01.04.2013): 1734–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.044.

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The zinc and copper content of roof runoff could originate from different sources such as dry and wet deposition and the corrosion of the material. The zinc runoff rate from a galvanized surface depends on the corrosion products formed during the dry days, the rain intensity and roof slope, which determinates the contact time. In the present study the contact time dependence of zinc rate and the re-dissolution of the zinc were investigated with steeping tests and a pilot study. The average zinc runoff measured in the first 2.8 l of runoff was 3.8 mg m–2 (1.1–8.4 mg m–2), while in the following samples 1.2 mg m–2 were detected. These results are in accordance with the 5–10 min, and 40–60 s contact time laboratory steeping test, respectively, which are realistic. The estimated specific yearly zinc runoff rate was 0.7 g m–2y–1, while the dry and wet deposition rate of copper was 0.009 mg m–2d–1 and 0.053 mg m–2storm–1 respectively. The re-dissolution of the zinc from the evaporated then re-filled samples of leaching tests with high initial zinc content was just 60% after 60 min.

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4

Hedberg, Yolanda S., Jonas F. Hedberg, Gunilla Herting, Sara Goidanich und Inger Odnevall Wallinder. „Critical Review: Copper Runoff from Outdoor Copper Surfaces at Atmospheric Conditions“. Environmental Science & Technology 48, Nr. 3 (23.01.2014): 1372–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es404410s.

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5

Jouen, S., M. Jean und B. Hannoyer. „Simultaneous copper runoff and copper surface analysis in an outdoor area“. Surface and Interface Analysis 30, Nr. 1 (2000): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1096-9918(200008)30:1<145::aid-sia825>3.0.co;2-c.

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6

Wicke, Daniel, Thomas A. Cochrane, Aisling D. O'Sullivan, Simon Cave und Mark Derksen. „Effect of age and rainfall pH on contaminant yields from metal roofs“. Water Science and Technology 69, Nr. 10 (18.03.2014): 2166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.124.

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Metal roofs are recognized for conveying significant metal loads to urban streams through stormwater runoff. Metal concentrations in urban runoff depend on roof types and prevailing weather conditions but the combined effects of roof age and rainfall pH on metal mobilization are not well understood. To investigate these effects on roof runoff, water quality was analysed from galvanized iron and copper roofs following rainfall events and also from simulating runoff using a rainfall simulator on specially constructed roof modules. Zinc and copper yields under different pH regimes were investigated for two roof materials and two different ages. Metal mobilization from older roofs was greater than new roofs with 55-year-old galvanized roof surfaces yielding more Zn, on average increasing by 45% and 30% under a rainfall pH of 4 and 8, respectively. Predominantly dissolved (85–95%) Zn and Cu concentrations in runoff exponentially increased as the rainfall pH decreased. Results also confirmed that copper guttering and downpipes associated with galvanized steel roof systems can substantially increase copper levels in roof runoff. Understanding the dynamics of roof surfaces as a function of weathering and rainfall pH regimes can help developers with making better choices about roof types and materials for stormwater improvement.

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7

Karlén, C., I. Odnevall Wallinder, D. Heijerick und C. Leygraf. „Runoff rates, chemical speciation and bioavailability of copper released from naturally patinated copper“. Environmental Pollution 120, Nr. 3 (Dezember 2002): 691–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-7491(02)00179-3.

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8

Yang, Tianyuan, Meizhu Chen und Shaopeng Wu. „Removal Effect of Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag Porous Asphalt Concrete on Copper and Zinc in Road Runoff“. Materials 14, Nr. 18 (16.09.2021): 5327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185327.

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In order to improve the utilization efficiency of road runoff and the remove effects of heavy metals, porous asphalt pavements have been used as an effective measure to deal with heavy metals in road runoff. However, the removal effect on dissolved heavy metal is weak. In this paper, basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag was used as aggregate in porous asphalt concrete to improve the removal capacity of heavy metal. Road runoff solution with a copper concentration of 0.533 mg/L and a zinc concentration of 0.865 mg/L was artificially synthesized. The removal effect of BOF slag porous asphalt concrete on cooper and zinc in runoff was evaluated by removal tests. The influence of rainfall intensity and time on the removal effect was discussed. The results obtained indicated that BOF slag porous asphalt concrete has a better removal effect on copper. The removal rate of copper is 57–79% at the rainfall intensity of 5–40 mm/h. The removal rate of zinc is more susceptible to the changes of rainfall intensity than copper. The removal rate of zinc in heavy rain conditions (40 mm/h) is only 25%. But in light rain conditions (5 mm/h), BOF slag porous asphalt concrete maintains favorable removal rates of both copper and zinc, which are more than 60%. The heavy metal content of runoff infiltrating through the BOF slag porous asphalt concrete meets the requirements for irrigation water and wastewater discharge. The results of this study provide evidence for the environmentally friendly reuse of BOF slag as a road material and the improvement of the removal of heavy metal by porous asphalt concrete.

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9

Wallinder, Inger Odnevall, Sofia Bertling, Xueyuan Zhang und Christofer Leygraf. „Predictive models of copper runoff from external structures“. Journal of Environmental Monitoring 6, Nr. 8 (2004): 704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b402223h.

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10

Odnevall Wallinder, I., B. Bahar, C. Leygraf und J. Tidblad. „Modelling and mapping of copper runoff for Europe“. J. Environ. Monit. 9, Nr. 1 (2007): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b612041e.

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11

LaBarre, William J., David R. Ownby, Steven M. Lev, Kevin J. Rader und Ryan E. Casey. „Attenuation of copper in runoff from copper roofing materials by two stormwater control measures“. Water Research 88 (Januar 2016): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.10.009.

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12

Sandberg, J., I. Odnevall Wallinder, C. Leygraf und N. Le Bozec. „Corrosion-induced copper runoff from naturally and pre-patinated copper in a marine environment“. Corrosion Science 48, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2006): 4316–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2006.04.004.

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13

Babcsányi, Izabella, François Chabaux, Mathieu Granet, Fatima Meite, Sylvain Payraudeau, Joëlle Duplay und Gwenaël Imfeld. „Copper in soil fractions and runoff in a vineyard catchment: Insights from copper stable isotopes“. Science of The Total Environment 557-558 (Juli 2016): 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.037.

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14

Wallinder, I. Odnevall, und C. Leygraf. „A study of copper runoff in an urban atmosphere“. Corrosion Science 39, Nr. 12 (Dezember 1997): 2039–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-938x(97)00081-4.

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15

Pennington, Sarah L., und Jenny G. Webster‐Brown. „Stormwater runoff quality from copper roofing, Auckland, New Zealand“. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 42, Nr. 1 (März 2008): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330809509940.

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16

Leuenberger-Minger, A. U., M. Faller und P. Richner. „Runoff of copper and zinc caused by atmospheric corrosion“. Materials and Corrosion 53, Nr. 3 (März 2002): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-4176(200203)53:3<157::aid-maco157>3.0.co;2-o.

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17

Boulanger, Bryan, und Nikolaos P. Nikolaidis. „MODELING FRAMEWORK FOR MANAGING COPPER RUNOFF IN URBAN WATERSHEDS“. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 39, Nr. 2 (April 2003): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb04388.x.

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18

Zimmermann, J., C. Dierkes, P. Göbel, C. Klinger, H. Stubbe und W. G. Coldewey. „Metal concentrations in soil and seepage water due to infiltration of roof runoff by long term numerical modelling“. Water Science and Technology 51, Nr. 2 (01.01.2005): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0027.

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The qualitative effects of stormwater infiltration on soil and seepage water are investigated with long term numerical modelling. The retention behaviour of different soils and materials used in infiltration devices is determined with batch and column tests. Results of the laboratory tests are adsorption isotherms which represent input data for numerical transport modelling. The long term simulations are performed with combinations of different solutions (types of roof runoff) and infiltration devices (swale and trench) under different hydrogeological conditions. The presented results contain the infiltration of low polluted roof runoff, runoff from a roof with zinc sheets and from a roof with copper sheets concerning the heavy metals zinc, copper and lead. The increase of concentrations in the infiltration body is high. For the infiltrated water, the results show a migration to groundwater only for the low adsorbing soil.

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19

Larney, Francis J., Andrew F. Olson, Jim J. Miller und Bonnie C. Tovell. „Soluble salts, copper, zinc, and solids constituents in surface runoff from cattle manure compost windrows“. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 94, Nr. 4 (August 2014): 515–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss2013-114.

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Larney, F. J., Olson, A. F., Miller, J. J. and Tovell, B. C. 2014. Soluble salts, copper, zinc, and solids constituents in surface runoff from cattle manure compost windrows. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 515–527. Composting has become widely adopted by the beef cattle feedlot industry in southern Alberta. Compost windrows subjected to heavy rainfall can lead to runoff whose properties may vary with compost maturity. A rainfall simulator generated runoff on days 18, 26, 40, 54, 81, 109 and 224 of manure composting. Runoff was collected in timed 5-L increments to 30 L, creating the variable “time during runoff event” (TDRE). Calcium, K and S showed significant maturity×TDRE interactions, especially earlier in the composting process, e.g., on day 18, Ca values increased from 34 mg L−1 for the initial 0- to 5-L runoff increment to 43 mg L−1 for the final 25- to 30-L increment. Most significant changes in runoff concentrations occurred between days 26 and 40, e.g., Cu levels fell by 67% and Zn levels by 78%. Even though compost Cu and Zn concentrations were higher during the latter stages of composting, their transport potential in runoff was curtailed due to binding with stable organic matter (OM). The C:N ratio of runoff solids decreased from 10.5 on day 18 to only 4.9 on day 224, suggesting the transport of very stable OM after compost curing. The study showed that runoff quality was influenced by compost maturity, which has implications for the timing of rainfall events relative to the maturity spectrum and the potential risk to surface water quality if runoff is not contained.

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20

Shutes, R. B. E., D. M. Revitt, L. N. L. Scholes, M. Forshaw und B. Winter. „An experimental constructed wetland system for the treatment of highway runoff in the UK“. Water Science and Technology 44, Nr. 11-12 (01.12.2001): 571–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0882.

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This paper compares the performance of an experimental highway runoff treatment system, incorporating a subsurface flow constructed wetland, with that of a vegetated balancing pond. Both systems are located on the same major road in the UK which opened in November 1998. Copper, chromium and nickel total aqueous metal concentrations, although low, have been consistently removed (maximum efficiencies of 67.3, 69.8 and 87.0% respectively in the constructed wetland), particularly in the summer. Zinc showed the highest aqueous metal concentrations and the generally positive removal by the constructed wetland system (maximum efficiency of 60.6%) correlates with the expected metal uptake by Typha latifolia and Phragmites australis. Sediment levels for these metals and for lead progressively decreased over the one year monitoring period. For the two storm events monitored in the constructed wetland system, all metals showed evidence of removal (removal efficiencies of 24.2 to 99.4%) except for copper. Lead and cadmium demonstrated the highest removal efficiencies followed by nickel and zinc. For both storms, the wetland acted as a source of copper (removal efficiencies of -88.4 to -97.1%), which may be explained by the die-back of aquatic plants and consequent release of organically bound copper.

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21

Geneve, Robert L., Jack W. Buxton und Myra Stafford. „Copper Hydroxide is an Effective Control of Root Outgrowth in Plug-grown Seedlings Subirrigated by Capillary Mats“. HortScience 30, Nr. 4 (Juli 1995): 868A—868. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.868a.

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Capillary mat subirrigation provides uniform water in the growing medium to optimize seedling growth in plugs. It also offers a closed system that allows the grower to regulate the amount of water available to seedlings and to reduce water runoff. However, root outgrowth into the capillary mat can be a significant problem. Copper hydroxide (Spin Out) was painted on the bottom, outside surface of the plug container to control root outgrowth into the capillary mat. Three square and two octagonal plug sizes were treated with copper. Regardless of the plug size or shape, copper treatment was an effective treatment to control root outgrowth in marigold seedlings. Copper treatment reduced overall root outgrowth by 80% to 92%. Marigold and geranium seedlings in copper-treated square plug containers showed some reduced shoot and root development during plug production, but there were no differences in copper-treated plants compared to nontreated plants following transplanting to cell packs.

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22

Bertling, Sofia, Fien Degryse, Inger Odnevall Wallinder, Erik Smolders und Christofer Leygraf. „MODEL STUDIES OF CORROSION-INDUCED COPPER RUNOFF FATE IN SOIL“. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 25, Nr. 3 (2006): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/05-026r.1.

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23

Zhang, Mingkui, Zhenli He, David V. Calvert, Peter J. Stoffella und Xiaoe Yang. „Surface Runoff Losses of Copper and Zinc in Sandy Soils“. Journal of Environment Quality 32, Nr. 3 (2003): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2003.0909.

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24

Zhang, Mingkui, Zhenli He, David V. Calvert, Peter J. Stoffella und Xiaoe Yang. „Surface Runoff Losses of Copper and Zinc in Sandy Soils“. Journal of Environmental Quality 32, Nr. 3 (Mai 2003): 909–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2003.9090.

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25

Arnold, Ray. „Estimations of copper roof runoff rates in the United States“. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 1, Nr. 4 (November 2005): 333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ieam.5630010403.

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26

Arnold, Ray. „Estimations of copper roof runoff rates in the United States“. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 1, Nr. 4 (November 2005): e15-e32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ieam.5630010410.

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27

Wilson, P. Chris, Brian Boman und Joseph P. Albano. „Copper Losses in Surface Runoff from Flatwoods Citrus Production Areas“. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 89, Nr. 4 (30.08.2012): 751–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0740-6.

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28

Lindblom, E., S. Ahlman und P. S. Mikkelsen. „How uncertain is model-based prediction of copper loads in stormwater runoff?“ Water Science and Technology 56, Nr. 11 (01.12.2007): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.748.

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In this paper, we conduct a systematic analysis of the uncertainty related with estimating the total load of pollution (copper) from a separate stormwater drainage system, conditioned on a specific combination of input data, a dynamic conceptual pollutant accumulation-washout model and measurements (runoff volumes and pollutant masses). We use the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) methodology and generate posterior parameter distributions that result in model outputs encompassing a significant number of the highly variable measurements. Given the applied pollution accumulation-washout model and a total of 57 measurements during one month, the total predicted copper masses can be predicted within a range of ±50% of the median value. The message is that this relatively large uncertainty should be acknowledged in connection with posting statements about micropollutant loads as estimated from dynamic models, even when calibrated with on-site concentration data.

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29

Béchet, B., B. Durin, M. Legret und P. Le Cloirec. „Colloidal speciation of heavy metals in runoff and interstitial waters of a retention/infiltration pond“. Water Science and Technology 54, Nr. 6-7 (01.09.2006): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.627.

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The thickness of non-saturated zone and physico-chemical conditions are important parameters to assess the impact of infiltration ponds on water resources with respect to heavy metals transfer. As changes in physico-chemical parameters of solutions have a strong impact on the mobility of colloidal phases in sediments and soils, the colloidal facilitated transfer of heavy metals has to be investigated. Therefore, this study focuses on the characterization of runoff, surface and interstitial waters in a retention/infiltration pond collecting runoff waters of a bridge near Nantes. Physico-chemical parameters and chemical analyses were performed on the waters during about one year. The separation of dissolved and colloidal fractions was carried out by filtration and ultrafiltration for one sample of surface and interstitial waters. Until now, the runoff waters were only filtered at 0.45 μm. The comparison of physico-chemical data shows that the minor variations of runoff water parameters are mitigated in basin and in soils but strong variations impact the composition of interstitial waters. High concentrations of zinc, copper and still of lead are measured in runoff. Lead and cadmium seem to be associated to colloidal and particulate fractions while zinc, copper, nickel and chromium are distributed in all fractions.

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30

Zhang, Xueyuan, Wenle He, Inger Odnevall Wallinder, Jinshan Pan und Christofer Leygraf. „Determination of instantaneous corrosion rates and runoff rates of copper from naturally patinated copper during continuous rain events“. Corrosion Science 44, Nr. 9 (September 2002): 2131–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-938x(02)00015-x.

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31

Hedberg, Yolanda S., Sara Goidanich, Gunilla Herting und Inger Odnevall Wallinder. „Surface–rain interactions: Differences in copper runoff for copper sheet of different inclination, orientation, and atmospheric exposure conditions“. Environmental Pollution 196 (Januar 2015): 363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.11.003.

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32

Morrison, G. M., C. Wei und M. Engdahl. „Variations of Environmental Parameters and Ecological Response in an Urban River“. Water Science and Technology 27, Nr. 12 (01.06.1993): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0299.

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Water and sediment quality deterioration in an urban river was assessed during and after stormwater runoff and sewer overflow. Stormwater runoff bad a noticeable effect on continuous measurements of water quality in the urban river; oxygen sag and increased conductivity was a typical response. Sediment toxicity was found at sites directly exposed to urban runoff, while concentrations of copper and lead exceeded sediment quality criteria. The enzyme activity of the sediment-dwelling bacteria was found to be more sensitive with inhibition downstream and upstream of urban discharge.

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33

DeLaune, P. B., und P. A. Moore. „Copper and Zinc Runoff from Land Application of Composted Poultry Litter“. Journal of Environmental Quality 45, Nr. 5 (September 2016): 1565–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2015.09.0499.

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34

Ernst, Clayton, Lynn Katz und Michael Barrett. „Removal of Dissolved Copper and Zinc from Highway Runoff via Adsorption“. Journal of Sustainable Water in the Built Environment 2, Nr. 1 (Februar 2016): 04015007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/jswbay.0000803.

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35

Gang, Daniel D., Mohammad J. Khattak, Imtiaz U. Ahmed und Hashim R. Rizvi. „Highway Runoff In Situ Treatment: Copper and Zinc Removal through MOGFC“. Journal of Environmental Engineering 143, Nr. 3 (März 2017): 04016087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001172.

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36

Nason, Jeffrey A., Don J. Bloomquist und Matthew S. Sprick. „Factors Influencing Dissolved Copper Concentrations in Oregon Highway Storm Water Runoff“. Journal of Environmental Engineering 138, Nr. 7 (Juli 2012): 734–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0000537.

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37

Jones, GB, und FG Thomas. „Effect of terrestrial and marine humics on copper speciation in an estuary in the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon“. Marine and Freshwater Research 39, Nr. 1 (1988): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9880019.

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Studies carried out over several years on a tropical estuary, the Ross River Estuary, have shown that copper speciation is influenced by both terrestrial and marine humic substances. While terrestrial humic substances are mobilized by high freshwater runoff in the monsoonal season, Trichodesmium blooms mobilize high concentrations of marine humics to the inshore zone and increase labile forms of copper. The marine humics are more soluble than the terrestrial humics and persist in coastal waters of the Great Barrier Reef lagoon for many months prior to the wet season.

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38

Dierkes, C., und W. F. Geiger. „Pollution retention capabilities of roadside soils“. Water Science and Technology 39, Nr. 2 (01.01.1999): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0119.

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Runoff from highways contains significant loads of heavy metals and hydrocarbons. According to German regulations, it should be infiltrated over embankments to support groundwater-recharge. To investigate the decontaminating effect of greened embankments, soil-monoliths from highways with high traffic densities were taken. Soils were analyzed to characterize the contamination in relation to distance and depth for lead, zinc, copper, cadmium, PAH and MOTH. Lysimeters were charged in the field and laboratory with highway runoff to study the effluents under defined conditions. Concentrations of pollutants in roadside soils depend on the age of embankments and traffic density. Highest concentrations were found in the upper 5 cm of the soil and within a distance of up to two metres from the street. Concentrations of most pollutants decreased rapidly with depth and distance. Lead and cadmium could not be detected in lysimeter effluent. Zinc and copper were found in concentrations that did not exceed drinking water quality limits.

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39

Arnold, Michael A., Don C. Wilkerson, Bruce J. Lesikar und Douglas F. Welsh. „Impacts of Copper Leaching From Copper Hydroxide-treated Containers on Water Recycling, Nursery Runoff, and Growth of Baldcypress and Corn“. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 122, Nr. 4 (Juli 1997): 574–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.122.4.574.

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Studies were conducted using Zea mays L. and Taxodium distichum L. seedlings as model systems to study Cu leaching from Cu(OH)2-treated containers. Initial experiments developed Cu toxicity curves (as CuSO4) in an inorganic (sand) or organic (bark-sand) medium with single (acute) or multiple (chronic) applications. A second pair of experiments investigated short-term (35 days) Cu accumulation and plant responses to irrigation with water (125 mL/plant per day) recycled through a fixed reservoir volume (9.5 L) from 0.7-L Cu(OH)2-treated containers filled with an inorganic or organic medium. Finally, plant responses and Cu leaching were monitored during growth in 2.3-L Cu(OH)2-treated containers filled with two organic media fertigated with high (8.0) or low (6.5) pH solutions. Different Cu(OH)2 concentrations and application methods were tested. Leachate data from the latter studies were used to calculate potential Cu concentrations in nursery runoff using various water application methods and pot spacings. Expression of Cu toxicity symptoms depended on exposure, concentration, and medium for each species. Plants subjected to chronic exposure and grown in an inorganic medium developed toxicity symptoms at lower doses than plants subjected to acute exposure and grown in an organic medium. Several measures of plant growth were greater for both species when grown in 0.7-L Cu(OH)2-treated containers, but not in 2.3-L containers. Plants in Cu(OH)2-treated containers seldom exhibited Cu toxicity symptoms in shoot tissues, even with an inorganic medium. Soluble Cu content of the recycled solution from Spin Out-treated containers increased slightly (<1.2 mg·L-1) during the 35-day experiment. Longer-term studies with nonrecycled leachate from 2.3-L containers indicated that Cu leaching increased after 60 to 90 days. Copper leaching was greater with the combination of applied solution of pH 6.5 and bark-sand-peat medium than with the combination of applied solution of pH 8.0 and bark-sand medium, and increased with greater concentrations of Cu(OH)2 in container wall treatments or when containers were filled before latex carrier was dried. Calculations of potential nursery runoff indicated that the levels of soluble Cu in effluent for most concentrations and spacings projected were below EPA action levels for potable water (1.3 mg·L-1) when overhead irrigation was used.

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DeLaune, P. B., und P. A. Moore. „Factors Affecting Arsenic and Copper Runoff from Fields Fertilized with Poultry Litter“. Journal of Environmental Quality 43, Nr. 4 (Juli 2014): 1417–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.12.0495.

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Morrison, G. M. P., und G. Diaz‐Diaz. „Size distribution and copper association of dissolved organic material in Urban runoff“. Environmental Technology Letters 9, Nr. 2 (Februar 1988): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593338809384547.

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LaBarre, William J., David R. Ownby, Kevin J. Rader, Steven M. Lev und Ryan E. Casey. „Bioretention storm water control measures decrease the toxicity of copper roof runoff“. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 36, Nr. 6 (30.12.2016): 1680–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.3692.

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Bahar, B., G. Herting, I. Odnevall Wallinder, K. Hakkila, C. Leygraf und M. Virta. „The interaction between concrete pavement and corrosion-induced copper runoff from buildings“. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 140, Nr. 1-3 (17.07.2007): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-007-9858-0.

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Bielmyer, Gretchen K., W. Ray Arnold, Joseph R. Tomasso, Jeff J. Isely und Stephen J. Klaine. „Effects of roof and rainwater characteristics on copper concentrations in roof runoff“. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 184, Nr. 5 (29.06.2011): 2797–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2152-1.

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Dietrich, Andrea M., Daniel L. Gallagher und Kathryn A. Klawiter. „INPUTS OF COPPER-BASED CROP PROTECTANTS TO COASTAL CREEKS FROM PASTICULTURE RUNOFF“. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 37, Nr. 2 (April 2001): 281–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2001.tb00968.x.

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Athanasiadis, K., H. Horn und B. Helmreich. „A field study on the first flush effect of copper roof runoff“. Corrosion Science 52, Nr. 1 (Januar 2010): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2009.08.048.

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Li, He, und Xiao Jun Zuo. „Speciation and Size Distribution of Copper and Zinc in Urban Road Runoff“. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 90, Nr. 4 (03.01.2013): 471–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0953-8.

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Poor, Cara, Troy Membrere und Jared Miyasato. „Impact of Green Stormwater Infrastructure Age and Type on Water Quality“. Sustainability 13, Nr. 18 (21.09.2021): 10484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810484.

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Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) has become increasingly common to mitigate urban stormwater runoff. However, there is limited research on the impact of age and type of GSI. This study evaluated nutrient and metals concentrations in the soil water of five different GSI systems located at the University of Portland in Portland, Oregon. The GSI systems included a bioretention curb extension (part of Portland’s Green Street project), a bioretention basin, a bioretention planter, an infiltration basin, and a bioswale ranging in age from 2 to 11 years. Samples were taken from each system during rain events over a 10-month period and analyzed for copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), phosphate (PO43−), and total phosphorus (TP). Copper and zinc concentrations were found to be impacted by GSI age, with lower concentrations in older systems. The same trend was not found with PO43− and TP, where almost all GSI systems had soil water concentrations much higher than average stormwater concentrations. Age likely played a role in phosphorus soil water concentrations, but other factors such as sources had a stronger influence. Phosphorus is likely coming from the compost in the soil mix in addition to other sources in runoff. This study shows that GSI systems can be effective for copper and zinc, but changes to the soil mix design are needed to reduce high levels of PO43− and TP in soil water.

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Förster, Jürgen. „Variability of roof runoff quality“. Water Science and Technology 39, Nr. 5 (01.03.1999): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0232.

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The variability of the pollution of roof runoff was investigated considering a variety of possibly influencing factors. Runoff samples were taken from an experimental roof system that allows the comparison of five different roof materials at urban background conditions, and from house roofs at five different locations in the town of Bayreuth, Germany. It was found that local sources (e.g. PAH from heating systems), dissolution of the roof systems' metal components, and background air pollution are the main sources of runoff pollution. Its variability is extremely high in between different roofs (up to three orders of magnitude) and high within as well as in between single precipitation events. The first flush is often heavily polluted and should be treated in an appropriate way. Roofs with metal surfaces should not be connected to infiltration facilities as concentrations of copper and zinc by far exceed various toxicity threshold values.

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Li, Yali, Ana Deletic und David T. McCarthy. „Copper-zeolite integrated stormwater biofilter for nutrient removal – the impact of intermittent wetting and drying conditions“. Blue-Green Systems 2, Nr. 1 (01.01.2020): 352–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/bgs.2020.016.

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Abstract A large-scale column study was conducted to examine the sediment and nutrient removal performance of stormwater biofilters that contained layers of novel copper-zeolite filter media. The filters were exposed to stormwater under varied dosing frequency over 33 weeks and were assessed for their hydraulic performance and their efficiency in removing sediment and nutrients. The non-vegetated sand filters with layers of copper-zeolite media (SCu filters) achieved consistently good removal of total phosphorus (87%) despite the challenging dry-wet cycles, and the effluent concentration met a long-term irrigation guideline (0.05 mg/L). The same design achieved 51% removal of total nitrogen above the Australian runoff quality load reduction targets (45%). Incorporation of Leptospermum continentale into the copper-zeolite filters (LCCu-T) maintained the phosphorus removal (86%) and led to a slight increase in total nitrogen removal (57%). Both designs maintained good water permeability (200 mm/h at the end of the last wet period). Copper-zeolite played a mixed role in the system: enhancing nutrients removal through precipitation and ion exchange, maintaining high water permeability, limiting the advantages of vegetation on nutrient removal. Future studies should refine biofilter design and vegetation selection to augment the performance of copper-zeolite filters by integrating the advantages of vegetation on nutrient removal.

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