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Torkelsson, Olle, und Markus Dauksz. „DFMA : A Methodology Study and Method Development“. Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-9562.
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Volvo Cars Corporation (VCC) is devoted to Lean and Six Sigma, and has lately considered an imple-mentation of Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) with the purpose of improving their product design process and production. The goal for this project work is therefore to investigate if DFMA is a beneficial method for VCC to use, how DFMA can be used and suggest a DFMA method. A literature study is performed as a starting point to understand DFMA methods and its possibilities. Scientific articles, technical books and online sources is used during the study in order to gather in-formation regarding DFMA implementations, application areas, approaches and potential risks that need to be eliminated for a successful implementation. In order to map the product development and manufacturing processes of VCC interviews are per-formed. The interviews also gathered information regarding what VCC employees thinks of DFMA and how they wish to use it. This information is compiled into a demand specification where the de-mands are weighted after importance by the interviewees. After the pre-study, three idea generation sessions is performed with three different focus groups. The generated ideas are then evaluated and classified. The remaining ideas are classified with the purpose of enabling the possibility to use a morphological chart to build whole concepts from the single ideas. Three concepts are chosen amongst the generated concepts. These concepts are then evaluated against the weighted demand specification. The concept considered most suitable is further devel-oped which resulted in a proposed DFMA method for VCC. A case study on a product is performed in order to communicate, test and evaluate the final DFMA method. The project is rounded off with discussions regarding DFMA and the suggested method from sustain-ability point of view and how to motivate usage. All results and discussions from the project are handed over to the company, enabling further research on a possible implementation of DFMA in the organization.Volvo Cars Corporation arbetar hängivet efter metoderna Lean och Sex Sigma och har avsikt att im-plementera Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) i syfte att förbättra deras produkt- och produktutvecklingsprocess. Målet med detta arbete är att undersöka om DFMA är en värdefull me-tod för VCC att använda och hur metoden kan tänkas användas och implementeras inom organisat-ionen. Som utgångspunkt för att förstå DFMA metoden och dess möjligheter genomförs en litteraturstudie. Under studien granskades aktuella vetenskapliga artiklar, tekniska böcker och webbkällor i syfte att samla information om DFMA-implementeringar, användningsområden, tillvägagångsätt och potenti-ella risker som behövs elimineras för en lyckad implementation av metoden. Vidare utförs intervjuer i syfte att kartlägga produktutvecklings- och tillverkningsprocessen samt samla information om hur anställda ställer sig till, och önskar använda DFMA. Denna information sammanställs sedan till en kravspecifikation där kraven i sin tur viktas av intervjuobjekten efter hur viktiga de anses vara. Tre idégenereringssessioner utförs därefter med tre olika fokusgrupper. Dessa idéer gallras sedan ut och klassificeras för att sedan kombineras med hjälp av en morfologisk tabell i syfte att bygga kon-cept av de enskilda idéerna. Tre koncept väljs ut bland de genererade koncepten. Dessa koncept utvärderas sedan mot varandra med kravspecifikationen som bedömningsskala. Det koncept som bedöms som mest lämpligt vidare-utvecklas och en föreslagen metod för VCC tas fram. För att testa och illustrera den slutgiltiga meto-den genomförs en fallstudie på en produkt. Arbetet rundas av med diskussioner kring DFMA och den föreslagna metoden ur både hållbarhets-synpunkt och motivationssynpunkt. Samtliga resultat och diskussioner överlämnas sedan till företa-get för att möjliggöra vidare undersökningar kring en eventuell implementation av DFMA.
DFMA FMEA DFM DFA Lean Produktdesign Metodutveckling
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Jokelainen, T. (Tero). „Rakenteiden keventämisen DFMA-prosessi“. Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201602111164.
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Tämän työn tarkoituksena on selvittää keveiden konerakenteiden suunnittelua. Työ etenee DFMA-prosessin avulla, mikä tarkoittaa tuotteen suunnittelua kokoonpanon ja valmistuksen kannalta. Tutkimuksen kohteena on kennorakentaminen yhdistettynä laserhitsaukseen. Työssä pyritään löytämään näiden edut sekä löytämään optimaalinen kennorakenne ominaistaajuuksien ja lommahduskokeiden avulla. Osana työtä on ollut osallistuminen Wärtsilän moottorin öljyaltaan uudelleensuunnitteluun. Suunnittelun tuloksena tuli aikaisempaa kevyempi rakenne sekä sen ominaistaajuudet nousivat halutulle tasolle. Rakenne toteutettiin laserhitsattuna ohutlevykennorakenteena. Työssä tehtiin FEM-malleja kennolevyrakenteille ja yksittäiselle osakennorakenteelle. Näiden avulla saatiin tietoa rakenteiden käyttäytymisestä eri kuormitustilanteissa. FEM-laskennan paikkansapitävyys vahvistettiin vertaamalla laskennan tuloksia käytännön kokeiden tuloksiin. Aaltopeltikennolevyn mitoitus perustuu sille asetettuihin lujuusvaatimuksiin ja se on tulos levynpaksuuksien, materiaalin lujuuden, ytimen korkeuden ja sen sivun kulman muodostamasta yhtälöstäThe aim of this thesis was to clarify the ways of designing and building lightweight structures from the DFMA-process point of view. The main research subject was in finding the main benefits of laser-welded sandwich structures (corrugated cores), and in the optimization of these structures by natural frequencies and buckling tests. One part of this work was to participate in redesigning an oil sump for Wärtsilä’s motor, which is mostly made from sandwich structures and welded together with laser. The result was that the new lightweight oil sump made from sandwich structures was almost 35 % lighter than the original, and natural frequencies increased to the target level. FEM-models were used to investigate the behavior of sandwich plate structures and single-hat profile cores. Practical tests were also done for the latter, and the results were compared to FEM-models. The dimensioning of corrugated core sandwich panels is based on its strength requirements, and it is a result of an equation which is formed by the thickness and the strength of the material, as well as the height and the angle of the core
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Niemi, H. (Henri). „DFMA-prosessi lujista teräksistä valmistettujen keveiden rakenteiden suunnittelussa“. Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2018. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201803081329.
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Tässä työssä tutkittiin valmistus- ja kokoonpanoystävällisen suunnitteluperiaatteen soveltamista ultralujista teräksistä valmistettujen keveiden rakenteiden suunnittelussa. Työn tärkein tavoite oli selvittää, millaisen suunnitteluprosessin avulla ultralujien terästen materiaaliominaisuudet voidaan parhaiten siirtää tuotteiden ominaisuuksiksi. Tuotteissa tavoiteltavia ominaisuuksia olivat rakenteen lujuus, keveys ja kustannustehokkuus. Tämän vuoksi oli määriteltävä, mitkä asiat korostuvat suunnittelun näkökulmasta ultralujan teräksen tapauksessa. Lisäksi työn tavoitteena oli edistää ultralujien terästen käyttöä lisäämällä erityisesti Pohjois-Suomessa toimivien pk-yritysten tietämystä ultralujista teräksistä. Työ koostuu kirjallisuustutkimuksesta ja soveltavasta osuudesta. Kirjallisuustutkimuksessa perehdyttiin erityisesti DFMA-suunnittelumenetelmään ja sen etuihin verrattuna perinteiseen suunnittelutapaan. Lisäksi kartoitettiin ultralujien teräslaatujen ominaisuuksia sekä valmistusmenetelmiä, joiden avulla ominaisuudet voidaan hyödyntää. Kirjallisuustutkimuksessa esiteltiin myös tärkeimmät suunnittelussa huomioitavat lujuustekniset näkökulmat sekä rakenteen geometrian optimointi. Kirjallisuustutkimuksen lopuksi esiteltiin uusi DFMA-suunnittelu -menetelmään pohjautuva lähestymistapa, joka on kehitetty ultralujia teräksiä käyttävien pk-yritysten tarpeisiin. Uutta lähestymistapaa nimitetään laajennetuksi DFMA-prosessiksi. Kirjallisuustutkimuksen perusteella DFMA-suunnittelumenetelmän käytössä on keskeistä jakaa suunnitteluprosessi konseptisuunnitteluun ja yksityiskohtaiseen suunnitteluun. Konseptisuunnitteluvaiheessa on tärkeintä asettaa tuotevaatimukset täsmällisesti, luoda tuoterakenteesta yksinkertainen sekä valita kustannustehokkaimmat valmistusmenetelmät sekä materiaalit. Konseptisuunnittelun tuloksena on täsmällinen tuotekonsepti, joka kehitetään yksityiskohtaisessa suunnittelussa viimeistellyiksi tuote- ja valmistussuunnitelmiksi. Yksityiskohtaisessa suunnittelussa on tärkeintä optimoida tuotteen osat valittujen valmistusmenetelmien kannalta, jotta eri menetelmien ominaisuudet ja kapasiteetti voidaan hyödyntää. Käytännön suunnittelutyössä ultralujien terästen kohdalla korostuvat stabiliteettiongelmien ja väsymisvaurioiden estäminen, tietokoneavusteisten suunnittelutyökalujen käyttö ja rakenteen geometrian optimointi sekä riittävä valmistusmenetelmien tuntemus. Erityisesti laserhitsaus ja -leikkaus, vesisuihkuleikkaus sekä särmäys soveltuvat hyvin ultralujien terästen työstömenetelmiksi. Laajennettu DFMA-prosessi sisältää yleisen DFMA-menetelmän mukaiset suunnitteluvaiheet ja tavoitteet. Konseptisuunnittelussa tavoitteisiin pyritään erityisesti yksinkertaistetun 3D-mallinnuksen, nopeiden lujuusanalyysien sekä topologian optimoinnin avulla. Yksityiskohtainen suunnittelu on iteratiivinen kehitysprosessi, jossa hyödynnetään 3D-suunnittelu- sekä FEA -ohjelmistoja. Työn soveltava osuus sisältää suunnitteluraportin, jolla havainnollistettiin laajennetun DFMA-prosessin käyttämistä suunnittelutyön opastajana. Raportissa esitettiin ultralujasta teräksestä valmistetun ralliauton prototyypin rungon suunnitteluprosessin vaiheet. Soveltavan osuuden sisältämien esimerkkien avulla kirjallisuustutkimuksen tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää pk-yrityksissä suunniteltaessa keveitä tuotteita ultralujista teräksistäIn this thesis, the use of the Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DFMA) design method in design of lightweight Ultra-High Strength Steel (UHSS) structures was investigated. The most important target of this study was to solve that what kind of a design process is needed so that the material properties of ultra-high strength steels can be most effectively changed into product features. Required product features were strength, lightness and cost-effectiveness. Because of this it was necessary to define which aspects are highlighted with the UHSS materials from the point of view of design work. Another target of this thesis was to distribute knowledge of the ultra-high strength steels and to expand their use in small and medium enterprises (SME) located in northern Finland. The study consists of the literary research section and applied section. In the literary section, particularly the common DFMA design method and its benefits compared with the traditional design methodology were surveyed. Also, the properties of the UHSS materials and suitable manufacturing methods were discussed. The most important aspects of mechanics of materials and optimization of structure’s topology were introduced in the literature section. Presented viewpoints are essential to be considered in design work. A new DFMA-based approach developed for needs of SMEs using ultra high strength steels was presented in the latter part of the literary section. The new approach is called the extended DFMA process. On the grounds of the literary study it is important to divide a design process into a concept planning phase and a detailed design phase in the use of the common DFMA design method. In the concept planning phase, the most important things to do are to set clear product requirements, simplify the product structure and to choose the most cost-effective manufacturing methods and materials. The concept planning results in an exact design concept which is developed into a finished product and manufacturing plan during the detailed design phase. In the detailed design phase, the most important thing is to optimize parts of the product from the point of view of chosen manufacturing methods so that the features and capacity of the different methods can be utilized. In practical design work with UHSSs, the prevention of stability problems and fatigue failures, the use of Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) tools, the optimization of structure’s geometry and sufficient knowledge of manufacturing methods are highlighted. Especially laser welding, laser cutting, abrasive water jet cutting and press brake bending are suitable work methods for UHSS. The extended DFMA process contains the design phases and objectives which are in accordance with the common DFMA method. In the concept planning the objectives are tried to achieve with the help of the simplified 3D modelling, fast analyses of strength and the use of topology optimization. The detailed design phase is an iterative development process where 3D design and FEA software are utilized. The applied section of this thesis contains a planning report which was used to illustrate the use of the extended DFMA process as a guide in design work. In the report, the design process stages of a rally car prototype frame manufactured from UHSS were presented. With the help of the examples of the applied section the results of the literature research section can be utilized in SMEs when designing light products from ultra-high strength steels
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Barlas, Sofia, und Adriana Buerba. „Analyze, consolidate and improve the product development process at Parker Hannifin QCDE through implementation of DFMA principles“. Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-13406.
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Parker Hannifin QCDE aim to eliminate as much wasted time, materials and resources as achievable by implementing Design for Manufacturing and Assembly principles into a modified version of their Product Development Process. The modified Product Development Process was developed within this project with the objective of aiding the company to remain competitive within their field, as well as continue to efficiently develop and produce high quality products. A literature study was performed to gain a greater understanding of the multiple Design for Excellence methods and their possibilities to enhance the Product Development Process at Parker Hannifin QCDE. The literature study included various sources such as academic books and scientific articles. An empirical study was conducted and the use of the current Internal Product Development Process was evaluated in conjunction with a detailed evaluation of the designated coupling. An additional aspect that was explored includes an evaluation of the extent of Design for Manufacturing and Assembly that is implemented into the current Internal Product Development Process. The Generation chapter of this thesis outlines the sequence and process implemented for generating the modified Internal Product Development Process and implementing Design for Manufacturing and Assembly. The results of this thesis project included implementing Design for Manufacturing and Assembly in the form of checklists. The multiple Design for Excellence checklists were inspired in part by the information obtained from the literature study and the authors interpretation. The finished concept has been provided to Parker Hannifin QCDE in the form of a pamphlet including instructions of how to implement the checklists into the modified Internal Product development process. The discussion chapter within this report consists of a conclusion and deliberation regarding the methodology used within this thesis. The results obtained from this thesis have been dissected and evaluated along with implications and potential weaknesses in the work.
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Paz, Bernales Huáscar. „Metodología DFMA de rediseño del conjunto estructural electrosoldado de una máquina“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/385121.
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In this thesis the methodology DFMA (Design for manufacturing and assembly) is applied to the efficient redesign of a bench of an industrial welded construction equipment in order to simplify the solutions and reduce costs. For this, the overall
methodology DFMA was customized to the particularities of this type of structural base, although with the characteristics and stages of Concurrent Engineering. The first step of the methodology was to capture the technical functions to be performed by the bedplate, based on the analysis of an existing industrial equipment. For this, a graphic representation of captured functions could be integrated in the same CAD system that allowed synthesizing knowledge and enabling its transmission to the conceptual designers. Subsequently, in accordance with the possibilities of the layout design of the structural assembly, the optimal combination of materials and manufacturing processes for simplifying the design was determined. With this, it was proceeded to the interpretation and personalization of those guidelines aimed at manufacturing and assembly, in order to facilitate the generation of suggestions
for simplifying design complexity. As a support to make a quantitative comparison between the redesigned solution and the original design, it was proposed to use a tool for assessing the complexity, which has a direct effect on production costs. To illustrate the results of the application of the methodology, it is shown a case redesign of a bedplate of a soil desintegrator for the ceramics industry to the stage of embodiment design. Finally conclusions and possible future work are presented.En la present tesis doctoral es va aplicar la metodologia DFMA (Disseny per la fabricació i el muntatge) al redisseny eficient d'una bancada d'un equip industrial de construcció electrosoldada amb la finalitat de simplificar les solucions i abaratir els costos. Per tal efecte es va personalitzar la metodologia DFMA general per les particularitats d'aquest tipus de base estructural, encara que amb les característiques i etapes pròpies de l'Enginyeria Concurrent. El primer pas de la metodologia va consistir en capturar les funcions tècniques que havia de complir la bancada, en base a l'anàlisi d'un equip industrial existent. Per fer-ho, es va proposar una representació gràfica de funcions capturades que es poguessin integrar en el mateix sistema de disseny CAD, que sintetitzessin el coneixement i permetessin la seva transmissió als dissenyadors conceptuals. Posteriorment, d'acord amb les possibilitats del disseny de la disposició del conjunt estructural, es va determinar la combinació òptima de processos de fabricació i materials per la simplificació del disseny. Amb tot, es va procedir a la interpretació i personalització d'aquelles directrius orientades a la fabricació i el muntatge, amb l'objectiu de facilitar la generació de suggerències de simplificació de la complexitat del disseny. Com a suport per poder realitzar una comparativa quantitativa entre la solució redissenyada i la del disseny original, es va proposar utilitzar una eina d'avaluació de la complexitat, la qual té un efecte directe en els costos de producció. Amb la finalitat d'il·lustrar els resultats de l'aplicació de la metodologia, es mostra un cas de redisseny d'una bancada d'un desintegrador de terres per la industria ceràmica fins l'etapa de materialització. Per últim s'exposen les conclusions i possibles treballs futurs.
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Adler, Gustav Adolf. „Design and system integration of a rim jet solution utilizing DFMA“. Thesis, KTH, Integrerad produktutveckling, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281948.
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Moving a new innovative idea from the drawing board to production is no easy feat. The Swedish sea rescue society (SSRS) has for the past years fostered a new design solution for their jet skis, a alternative water jet that removes the centre hub and utilises rim drive technology. The "Rim Jet" would help solve problems during rescue operations while at the same time be a starting point for SSRS zero-emission vision. To make this idea reality a first prototype is necessary for a proof of concept. Previous work on this project, conducted by three master students, resulted in a design that lacked feasibility. Through the implementation of Design for manufacture and Assembly (DFMA) on the rim jet a new itteration of the design is proposed. A practical and case based analysis of the DFMA method on a novel, non mass produced prototype was preformed discussing its advantages and disadvantages to generate a feasible, lighter, simpler and more cost efficient design. Complementing the redesign of the rim jet is a complete systems analysis of the jet ski including battery evaluation, systems integration and initial testing procedures. The final rim jet design illustrates the benefits of utilising DFMA within small, single product, projects. Implementing core elements of DFMA has proven to generate similar positive effects as intended for serial mass produced products normally associated with method.Att föra en ny innovativ idé från ritbordet till produktion är ingen arbiträr process. Det Svenska Sjöräddningssamhället (SSRS) har under de senaste åren fostrat en ny designlösning till sina vattenskoter, en alternativ vattenjet som eliminerar centrumnavet och använder rim-drive teknologi. Rim Jetenskulle hjälpa till att lösa problem under räddningsoperationer samtidigt som den kan agera som utgångspunkt för SSRS-nollutsläppsvission. För att förverkliga denna idé är en första prototyp nödvändig för att bevisa om konceptet kan fungera. Tidigare arbete med detta projekt, genomfört av tre masterstudenter, resulterade i en design som ej gick att tillverka. Genom implementeringen av Design for manufacture and Assembly (DFMA) på rimjeten kan en ny designiteration läggas fram. En praktisk och fallbaserad analys av DFMA-metoden på en ny, icke massproducerad, prototyp genomfördes och dess fördelar och nackdelar diskuteras för att skapa en genomförbar, lättare, enklare och mer kostnadseffektiv design. Som komplement till den nya designen kompletteras även arbetet med en en fullständig systemanalys av vettenskootern relaterat till betterilösning, systemintegration och initiala testutföranden. Den slutliga rim jet designen illustrerar fördelarna med att använda DFMA inom små, enskilda produktprojekt. Implementeringen av kärnelement från DFMA har påvisat liknande positiva effekter som avsedda för serieproducerade produkter som normalt är associerade med metoden.
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Malewschik, Fernando Henrique. „BIM e DFMA visando a redução da quantidade de partes da construção“. reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/46014.
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Orientador : Prof. Dr. Sergio ScheerAcompanha CD-ROM
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Construção Civil. Defesa: Curitiba, 2016
Inclui referências : f. 104-108
Area de concentração : Ambiente construído e gestão
Resumo: A construção civil tem apresentado produtividade baixa nos últimos anos e que não melhorou na mesma proporção que outros setores da economia, como o automobilístico ou de manufatura. Algumas alternativas vêm sendo pensadas e implantadas para melhorar esse quadro enfrentado pela indústria da construção civil (ICC). Dentre elas, a Modelagem da Informação da Construção (BIM). Entretanto, salienta-se que o que chama a atenção nos setores cuja produtividade é crescente, refere-se à alta industrialização e automatização da fabricação de produtos. Sabe-se que um dos processos responsáveis por esse aumento de produtividade é a possibilidade de reduzir o número de partes de um projeto por intermédio do projeto para fabricação e montagem (DFMA), atualmente adotado pelo setor aeroespacial, automobilístico e de manufatura. A hipótese levantada foi a de que a aplicação de BIM e DFMA em conjunto no processo de projeto pode diminuir a quantidade de "partes da construção" e, consequentemente, trazer diversos benefícios para os projetos. Nesse sentido, esta dissertação teve como objetivo utilizar o processo BIM aliado com DFMA para o desenvolvimento de um projeto visando a redução do número de "partes da construção". O método utilizado foi o Design Science Research e contemplou uma revisão bibliográfica de fontes primárias e de artigos publicados em periódicos de alto impacto e a elaboração de um artefato utilizando BIM e DFMA em conjunto. Foi desenvolvida uma modelagem de um projeto residencial, a partir de projetos convencionais. Esse modelo foi desenvolvido posteriormente através da metodologia DFMA com o objetivo de reduzir a quantidade de partes da construção utilizando outras soluções alternativas pré-fabricadas ou industrializadas. Após análise do artefato entende-se que foi possível reduzir a quantidade de partes do projeto e que nesse caso específico houve expressiva redução da quantidade de partes (98,35%). A partir da revisão bibliográfica, pode-se afirmar que a diminuição da quantidade de partes de um produto gera uma melhora na análise do projeto. Pode-se afirmar também que a redução da quantidade de partes pode gerar muitos benefícios ao projeto, como maior controle do projeto, maior velocidade de execução e montagem, possuir menos informação a ser trocada durante a montagem e execução do produto, gerar redução de custos, dentre outros benefícios possíveis. Também, constatou-se que se o projeto utiliza soluções prémoldadas e modulares, BIM se torna uma ferramenta poderosa para o levantamento da quantidade de partes da construção. Palavras chave: BIM, DFMA, ICC, partes da construção.
Abstract: The productivity of the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry in recent years has not grown in the same proportion as it has in other sectors, such as automotive or manufacturing. Some alternatives are emerging to improve this situation faced by the AEC industry, among them, the Building Information Modeling (BIM). However, one important aspect observed in those sectors whose productivity is growing, refers to the high industrialization and automation of the manufacturing products. It is known that one of the processes responsible for this increased productivity is the possibility of reducing the number of parts of a building design through the Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA), currently adopted by the aerospace, manufacturing and automotive areas. The hypothesis was that the application of BIM and DFMA together in the design process may decrease the amount of "construction parts" and therefore have various benefits for the projects. In this sense, this work aimed to use the BIM process combined with DFMA to develop a project aimed at reducing the number of "construction parts." The method used was the Design Science Research and included a literature review of primary sources and articles published in high impact journals on the subject and the development of an artifact using BIM and DFMA together. A residential project model was developed from conventional designs. This model was developed by DFMA method to reduce the number of construction parts using prefabricated or industrialized solutions. After artifact analysis was possible to reduce the number of parts and in this particular case there was a significant reduction in the construction parts (98,35%). From the literature review, it can be said that the decrease in number of parts generates an improvement in project analysis. One can also say that reducing the number of parts can generate many benefits to the project as greater control of the project, greater speed of execution and assembly, less information to be exchanged during assembly, cost reduction, among other possible benefits. Also, it was found that if the design utilizes modular or industrialized solutions, BIM becomes a powerful tool for quantify construction parts. Keywords: BIM, DFMA, AEC, construction parts.
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Barbosa, Gustavo Franco. „Aplicação da metodologia DFMA - Design for Manufacturing and Assembly - no projeto e fabricação de aeronaves“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18145/tde-30012008-103011/.
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A indústria aeronáutica no Brasil tem se desenvolvido de modo acelerado em termos de desenvolvimento tecnológico e dos processos de fabricação aplicados. Com isso, tem se buscado melhores resultados durante o desenvolvimento do projeto e fabricação de aeronaves, visando uma melhor avaliação dos processos de fabricação, montagem, manutenção, confiabilidade e fatores humanos (ergonômicos). O intuito é aperfeiçoar a fabricação e simplificação da montagem dos conjuntos, de modo a facilitar a manufatura dos componentes que formarão o produto depois de acabado e tornar a montagem dos produtos aeronáuticos com o menor custo e da forma mais otimizada possível. Sendo assim, este trabalho visa o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta que utiliza os conceitos de DFMA para aplicação específica no projeto e fabricação de aeronaves. O objetivo da ferramenta é auxiliar os engenheiros que atuam nas fases de desenvolvimento do avião, para que benefícios de facilidade de montagem possam ser alcançados com a utilização dos quadros de verificações. O trabalho inicia-se com a história da aviação, da indústria aeronáutica no mundo e no Brasil, e uma revisão teórica dos conceitos e princípios da metodologia DFMA. Em seguida é apresentado o ambiente da indústria aeronáutica, incluindo o processo de desenvolvimento integrado do produto, a implementação de projetos nestes segmentos e as fases de fabricação de uma aeronave. Na seqüência é apresentada a ferramenta de auxílio que foi desenvolvida em forma de quadros de análises, elaboradas com as regras e verificações a serem seguidas durante a criação do projeto, com o objetivo de consolidar os conhecimentos de manufatura e prevenir problemas futuros de montagem. Um estudo de caso é apresentado para evidenciar e comparar os resultados obtidos pela não aplicação efetiva dos conceitos da metodologia DFMA no desenvolvimento do projeto inicial, com os benefícios alcançados após a modificação do projeto baseado na aplicação dos conceitos de projeto para manufatura e utilização das tabelas. Por fim, os resultados são discutidos e a conclusão estabelecida.Brazilian aeronautical industry has been developed faster and faster in terms of technology development and manufacturing processes. Thus, it has been planning to reach better results during the aircraft development and manufacturing phases, aiming to better evaluation of manufacturing processes, assembly, maintenance, capability and human factors (ergonomics). It is expected to improve the manufacturing and simplify the assembly to become easier the manufacturing of parts that will make the aircraft final assembly with low costs, high quality and the best optimized condition. So, the main objective of this study is to develop a guideline which uses the DFMA concepts for specific application on aircrafts design and manufacturing. The main goal of the guideline is to drive the engineers who work on aircraft development phases, about the manufacturing benefits that can be achieved when using the check list table of the guideline. This study starts with the aviation history and world and brazilian aeronautical industries and a theoretical review of the principles and concepts of the Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) methodology. Next, the study describes the aeronautical industry environment, including the process of product integrated development, the implementation of projects in this sector and the airplane manufacturing phases. Subsequently, it has shown the guideline routine, which was developed in form of check list tables that contain rules and steps to be followed during the design creation and attempts to consolidate manufacturing knowledge and to prevent possible assemblies discrepancies. A case study is also presented to evident and makes the comparison between the results of aeronautical design that had been developed without DFMA concepts and post benefits reached after the project revision using the design for assembly concept and guideline tables. Finally, the results are discussed and the conclusion established.
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Karlsson, Louise, und Alexander Sjöberg. „Framtagning av snabbkoppling i polymera material för vätskekylda datacentraler“. Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15320.
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Examensarbetets mål är att ta fram ett konceptförslag på en snabbkoppling på uppdrag av CEJN. Rapporten redovisar de metoder som använts för att nå slutligt resultat. Utvecklad snabbkoppling syftar till en marknad för vätskekylning i datacenter. CEJN önskar ligga i framkant på den expansiva marknaden, vilket kräver att tillverkningskostnaderna för befintlig aluminiumkoppling reduceras, bland annat genom materialbyte till plast. Företaget har idag ingen plasttillverkning i huset. Genereringsarbetet baseras på förstudie i form av litteraturstudier, konkurrensanalyser delvis genom demontering av befintliga produkter på marknaden, samt användartester. Prototyper har använts för test och utvärdering i flera stadier i processen. Snabbkopplingens yttre komponenter, som även visades vara de största kostnadsbärarna, utvecklades som separata delproblem så som låsmekanism, utformning av inre o-ringsspår och sammanfogning för att tillåta montering och säkerställa spillsäkerhet. Beslutsunderlag för slutliga konceptval baserades på kostnader, användande utifrån tillverkade prototyper samt utlåtanden från externa experter inom plasttillverkning, varpå konceptval kunde utföras tillsammans med uppdragsgivande företag. Dellösningarna anpassades i ett slutligt koncept som reducerar kostnader och samtidigt uppfyller krav gällande prestanda, utseende och användbarhet. Projektet med slutligt konceptförslag föreslås ligga till grund för vidareutveckling och tester för att säkerställa den högkvalitativa produkt CEJN eftersträvar.The objective of the Bachelor thesis is to create a concept proposal in collaboration with CEJN. This report is presenting activities involved in the development process used to obtain the final result. Referring to the expansive market for liquid cooled data centres, CEJN aims to be in the leading edge with a new quick connection coupling. This demands reduction of production costs relative their existing aluminium coupling, partly by change of material to plastics. Outsourcing is relevant as the company does not produce plastic components at set. The idea generation phase has been based on a pre-study consisting of literature studies, analyses of competing products through demolition, and user tests. Prototypes have been used for testing and evaluation throughout the process. The outer components of the quick connection coupling proved to be among the costliest details. Locking mechanism, the formation of an inner slot for seals and the junction between nipple- or coupling body and back part to allow assembly and to ensure a non-drip application, have been developed separately. Decisions for final concept selection were made with the company of commission, with data regarding costs, usage interpreted from prototypes and verdicts from external experts within plastics production. Sub solutions mentioned, were combined into a final concept which reduces costs and fulfils demands regarding performance, appearance and usability. The material from the project is propositioned to form the basis for further development and testing to ensure high product quality representing CEJN.
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Wilde, Larry T. Jr. „Design for Manufacturability and Assembly of an Assistive Technician Creeper, Including Single Drive Control of a Multi-Degree of Freedom Kinematic Mechanism“. DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5049.
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In 2011, a team of senior engineering students at Utah State University, in connection with the university’s Center for Persons with Disabilities, designed and prototyped an assistive technician creeper. Building on successful features and resolving issues discovered in design validation testing of the initial prototype, this thesis includes the refined development of a fully assistive technician creeper with emphasis on improvement of kinematic functionality, overall manufacturability, and integration of system safety features. The final design solution is a creeper that transforms a user bi-directionally between the seated position, and a maneuverable supine position, while requiring only simple manual actuation.
New design requirements were established including specifications for user height, weight, and body mass distribution, driven by census and medical data suitable for 95% of individuals. Using 3D modeling software, an iterative design approach was used in conjunction with kinematic, and structural analyses, to generate an improved feature set that can be easily manufactured and assembled. Of particular interest is the modification to the kinematic system, which produces multiple single-degree-of-freedom kinematic motions from a single multi-degree-of-freedom kinematic mechanism. This promotes the use of a single motor to produce separate motions for adjusting upper body inclination, and raising the seat surface. The revised design adheres to principles of design for manufacturability and assembly, by using common economical manufacturing processes, minimizing part asymmetry and maximizing part reuse.
Employment of engineering analyses, including kinematic, finite element, and failure modes and effects analyses quantified design validation and risk mitigation. Static force analysis and computations of fatigue and life expectancy of critical components supplement the analysis set. Analysis suggests all structural components were designed to meet a safety factor of 3.0 or better. This combined with the addition of safety features and system protection redundancies provide confidence in structural integrity and system reliability. This creeper will contribute to the world of assistive technologies by providing new mobility opportunities, improving the quality of life of individuals with certain physical disabilities. It is also well suited for users of all abilities and has potential to become a premium creeper for professionals.
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Bodecker, Magnus. „Kvalitetssäkring i produktion Från identifiering till verifiering av kundbehov“. Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-33636.
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Detta examensarbete ämnar att undersöka samt föreslå hur kvalitetssäkring kan utföras för att införliva kundens behov och intresse till en färdig produkt som kunden vill köpa. Syftet är att skapa en fördjupad kunskapsbild kring kvalitetssäkring för företag. Utförandet sker genom en kvalitativ metodprocess i form av en fallstudie för att studera, analysera och beskriva fenomenet. Det är av intresse eftersom krav på kvalitet ständigt ökar då nya tekniska lösningar tillkommer och nya former av affärsverksamheter uppstår. Kunder kräver produkter med bättre kvalitet, lägre pris, bättre prestanda och allt detta till en ständigt minskad leveranstid. För att veta vad kunden efterfrågar och säkerställa att det uppfylls måste företag arbeta med en offensiv kvalitetsutveckling. Det gäller att företag får en förståelse av att kundtillfredsställelsen är essentiellt för alla verksamheter, inte för att försörja, sälja eller ge service utan för att uppfylla de behov som driver kunder till att göra affärer. För att kunna möjliggöra en hög kundtillfredsställelse presenteras olika metoder och verktyg som Quality Functional Deployment och Design For Manufacture and Assembly inom fyra olika områden som alla måste ha ett fungerande tvärfunktionellt samarbete. De fyra områdena är identifiering av kundbehov, designprocessen, produktionsprocessen samt verifiering av kvalitet. Under identifiering av kundbehov ges förutsättningarna för hur bra en produkt kan bli på marknaden. I designprocessen utförs de viktigaste besluten som påverkar produktens slutgiltiga pris. Produktionsprocessen innebär att på ett standardiserat sätt producera produkter som uppfyller fastställda specifikationer med små variationer. Slutligen används verifiering av kvalitet för att säkerställa att produkten uppfyller specifikationen. Efter att en teoretisk referensram och empiri presenterats i examensarbetet analyseras och diskuteras dessa för att se hur fallföretaget arbetar med kvalitetssäkring. Till sist ges slutsatser för vad fallföretaget kan förbättra i sitt arbete med att säkerställa en högre kundtillfredsställelse.The purpose of this master thesis is to investigate and suggest how quality assurance can be accomplished and incorporated with customer needs to a product that customers want to purchase. The goal is to create a deeper understanding about quality assurance in businesses. It’s conducted by a qualitative case study to learn, analyze and describe the phenomenon. This is of interest because the requirements for quality are constantly increasing as new technology becomes available and new businesses arise. Customers require products with better quality, lower price, better performance and all this to a constantly reduced delivery time. Therefore, companies must work with a total quality management to discover customer needs and ensure that they will be fulfilled. Businesses must gain an understanding that customer satisfaction is the ultimate objective of every business: not to supply, not to sell, not to service, but to satisfy the needs that drive customers to do business. In order to enable a high customer satisfaction, different methods and tools as quality functional deployment and design for manufacture and assembly are presented within four different areas which all must have a good cross-functional cooperation. The four areas are identification of customer needs, design process, production process, and verification of quality. The identification of customer needs provides the conditions for how successful a product can be on the market. During the design process the most important decisions that affect the final price of the product is taken. The production process means that in a standard way, with minor variations, produce products that meet defined specifications. Finally, verification of quality is used to ensure that the product meet the specifications. After a theoretical framework and empirical evidence has been presented in the master thesis, an analysis and discussion is established to see how a company works with quality assurance. Finally, conclusions are presented about how companies in a similar situation can improve their efforts to ensure a higher customer satisfaction.
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Barbosa, Gustavo Franco. „Desenvolvimento de um modelo de análise para implantação de automação na manufatura aeronáutica, orientado pelos requisitos das metodologias de Projeto para Excelência (DFX - Design for Excellence) e Produção Enxuta (Lean Manufacturing)“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18145/tde-17052013-142409/.
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A indústria aeronáutica mundial tem se desenvolvido de modo acelerado em termos tecnológicos e de processos de fabricação aplicados. Com isso, tem se buscado melhores soluções durante o desenvolvimento do projeto e fabricação de aeronaves, visando uma melhor qualidade final dos produtos, redução dos ciclos e custos de fabricação, repetibilidade do processo (padronização), problemas com formação e reposição de mão de obra, além da garantia da competitividade da empresa no mercado global. Uma forma para se inovar tecnologicamente e tornar o negócio mais moderno, atrativo e competitivo, é sempre que possível, automatizar a produção e tornar a montagem mais barata, com mais qualidade, inovadora e da forma mais flexível possível. Sendo assim, este trabalho visa o desenvolvimento de um modelo de análise de processo que utiliza os requisitos e conceitos do DFX e Produção Enxuta, voltado para aplicação específica no desenvolvimento de projetos aeronáuticos com foco em automação da produção. O objetivo da ferramenta é auxiliar os engenheiros que atuam no desenvolvimento de projetos de aeronaves, para que os benefícios da automação na produção possam ser alcançados com a utilização do modelo de análise proposto. O trabalho inicia-se com a apresentação do ambiente da indústria aeronáutica mundial, com foco nos processos e novidades tecnológicas aplicadas nos novos produtos. Em seguida são apresentados os princípios da metodologia DFX, a revisão teórica dos conceitos de Produção Enxuta e também aplicações de Automação nos diferentes setores da indústria. Na sequencia é apresentado o modelo de análise desenvolvido em forma de fluxogramas, elaborado com as regras e plano de ações a ser executado durante o desenvolvimento, visando a automação na produção. Dois estudos de caso são apresentados para demonstrar e validar o modelo desenvolvido. Por fim, os resultados são discutidos e a conclusão estabelecida.Worldwide Aeronautical Industry has been developed faster and faster in terms of technology and its manufacturing processes applied. Thus, it has been planning to reach better results during the aircraft development and manufacturing phases, aiming to get products with high quality, to decrease cycles times and manufacturing costs, to provide a repeatability of processes (standardization), problems with learn ship and reposition of man power and also to assure the company competitiveness in the global market. One way to innovate technologically and to become the business more modern, attractive and competitive, as always as possible is to automate the production to make it cheaper, with a high quality, innovation and with the most flexible condition. Therefore, this thesis aims to develop a model of process analysis using the requirements and concepts of DFX and Lean Manufacturing for specific application on aeronautical projects development with a focus on production automation. The main goal of the guideline is to drive the engineers who work on aircraft development phases, about the automation benefits that can be achieved when using the proposed analytical model. This study starts with the presentation of worldwide aeronautical industry environment, focusing on processes and technologies innovation applied on new products. Next, is presented the principles of DFX methodology, a theoretical review and concepts of Lean Manufacturing and also applications of Automation on new products. Subsequently, it has shown the principles of DFX methodology, theoretical review of Lean Manufacturing concepts and also applications of Automation in different industry sectors. Following is presented the model of analysis developed in form of flowcharts, drawn up the rules and actions plan to be taken during development, aiming automation in production. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate and validate the model developed. Finally, the results are discussed and the conclusion drawn.
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Bjällfalk, Sofia. „Integration av Design to Cost i Produktlivscykeln : Med hänsyn till kostnad som en designparameter i produktutveckling“. Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-74858.
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Att vara ett konkurrenskraftigt företag i dagens samhälle kräver prioritering av många områden. Med teknikens framfart blir det desto viktigare då produkters livslängder blir allt mer kortvariga. För att då bevara deras attraktion på marknaden krävs en strävan efter förbättring och en väsentlig parameter i detta är kostnader. Det finns olika strategier som fokuserar på kostnadsreducering men vissa är mer nyttjade än andra. En av de berörda är Design to Cost (DtC) och dess syfte är i huvudsak att optimera produktutveckling. Grunden ligger i att ta hänsyn till kostnad redan i en produkts designfas. I designfasen uppskattas ca 70 % utgöra livscykelkostnaderna, vilken gör den delen mest aktuell att analysera. På Valmet Karlstad har metoden uppmärksammats och det finns därför en ambition att integrera DtC i dess interna PLC-process. Företaget är ett globalt sådant och är en ledande utvecklare och leverantör inom teknologi, automation och service. Stort fokus ligger på hållbarhet och hög kvalitet. Vad som däremot är mindre prioriterat idag är kostnader. Det finns en tendens till att utföra kostnadsanalysering i en för sent skede där det är mindre påverkbart. För att bibehålla sin position och sitt positiva rykte bör därför detta förbättras. Denna rapport innehåller därför en undersökning av DtC som verktyg. En utvärdering av behovet av strategin har gjorts samt av den befintliga kunskapen på företaget. Detta har skett via analys av internt underlag, flertalet intervjuer och ett större mötesarrangemang i form av en workshop. Arbetet resulterade sedan i rekommendationer kring hur DtC kan implementeras i processen och tillämpas i den dagliga verksamheten. Även väsentliga faktorer och åtgärder lades som kan förbättra och underlätta förloppet.Being a competitive company in today's society requires prioritization of many areas. With the advancement of technology, it becomes all the more important as the lifetimes of products become increasingly short-lived. In order to maintain their attraction in the market, an effort is needed for improvement and an important parameter in this is costs. There are various strategies that focus on cost reduction, but some are more useful than others. One of the parties involved is Design to Cost (DtC) and its purpose is primarily to optimize product development. The reason lies in taking cost into account already in a product's design phase. In the design phase, approximately 70% is estimated to be the life cycle costs, which makes the part most relevant to analyze. At Valmet Karlstad, the method has been recognized and there is therefore an ambition to integrate DTC into its internal PLC process. The company is a global one and is a leading developer and supplier in technology, automation and service. Great focus is on sustainability and high quality. What, on the other hand, is less prioritized today is costs. There is a tendency to carry out cost analysis at a late stage where it is less influential. To maintain its position and its positive reputation, this should therefore be improved. This report therefore contains a survey of DtC as a tool. An evaluation of the need for the strategy has been made as well as f the existing knowledge at the company. This has been done through analysis of internal data, several interviews and a larger meeting arrangement in the form of a workshop. The work then resulted in recommendations on how DtC can be implemented in the process and applied in the daily operations. Important factors and actions were also given that can improve and facilitate the process.
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Koskenranta, Mikael. „Optimisation of ceiling attachment for AVPOS using FEA“. Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-11143.
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In product manufacture and assembly it is important to lower materials usage and assembly timewhile retaining a safety margin against structural failure. In this project the ceiling attachment of theAVPOS offloading arm is redesigned based on objectives identified by Löfs Specialmaskiner. Theoriginal ceiling attachment is analysed using finite element analysis to identify any structuralweaknesses to be addressed during redesign. Based on information gained during the FEA threeconcepts are generated and rated based on their estimated assembly times, material usage, partscount and the cutting length for machining.One concept is selected for further topology optimisation and iterative FEA, where material isremoved from the selected concept design while maintaining safety objectives. The optimised designdeveloped during this project is shown to have a lower number of parts, lower usage of material andassembly time while retaining an overall FOS value of 4.In addition to redesigning the ceiling attachment, alternative bearings are also investigated whichchanges the existing ball bearings to a self-aligning sliding bearing with self-lubricating properties,lowering the machining tolerances as well as lowering the needs for service.This project contributes to lowering material usage and ease of assembly in the product AVPOS thatis manufactured by Löfs Specialmaskiner. The redesigned ceiling attachment along with thesuggested bearings will likely simplify future manufacturing as well as lower any concerns for damageto people and property as a result of structural failure.
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Murad, Carlos Alberto. „Desenvolvimento de novos produtos considerando aspectos de confiabilidade, risco e ferramentas de qualidade“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3151/tde-29082011-111759/.
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A intensa competição no mercado global e as constantes mudanças nas exigências dos clientes têm feito com que muitas empresas repensem seus processos de negócios não somente para sobreviver, mas também para se manterem competitivas no mercado atual. O processo de desenvolvimento de produtos é um fator importante para qualquer empresa se manter competitiva neste cenário. A falta de um bom processo de desenvolvimento de produtos é sem dúvida uma grande desvantagem para uma empresa. Somente um bom processo de desenvolvimento não garante a vantagem competitiva das empresas, é necessário também que seus produtos sejam confiáveis e para que isto aconteça torna-se essencial desenvolver produtos com qualidade, através do uso disciplinado e constante de ferramentas de qualidade. Para ser competitivo um produto precisa ser desenvolvido com o mínimo de tempo, recursos e custo, para atender às necessidades de mercado. Algumas metodologias foram desenvolvidas e estas focam no desenvolvimento de um produto sempre pensando nas necessidades da manufatura, montagem, qualidade, confiabilidade e ciclo de vida do produto, evitando mudanças tardias no produto. Muitos estudos acadêmicos e industriais têm sido propostos nesta área. Cada empresa deve encontrar e se adaptar ao processo ou modelo mais adequado para ela dentro das suas necessidades técnicas e culturais. Este estudo apresenta uma metodologia a ser usada para melhorar a qualidade do produto e deve ser usada quando da fase conceitual onde se escolhem os melhores sistemas e/ou componentes para formar um novo produto final.The intense competition in global market along with constant changes in customers demands have forced companies to re-think some of their business processes, not only to survive, but also to stay competitive on this market. The product development process is one of the key business processes for any company to stay competitive and global on this scenario. The lack of a good development process is with no doubt a big disadvantage for any company. Only a good development process does not guarantee a competitive advantage for anyone, it becomes necessary to have reliable products in the field and to make this happens it is vital to develop products with quality through the use of quality tools in a constant and disciplined way. To be competitive, a product needs to be designed in a minimum amount of time, with minimum resources and cost. To meet market needs some methodologies were developed thinking on manufacturing, assembly, quality, reliability and life cycle avoiding late product changes. Many studies academic and industrial have been proposed in this area. Each company has to find and adapt the most appropriate model that fits its technical and cultural needs. This research presents a methodology to be used to improve product quality during the early phases of development when systems and/or components are chosen for a new product.
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Thorn, Johan. „Utveckling av ramverk för FAB – Fully Automatic Bagging : Ett produktutvecklingsprojekt“. Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-73571.
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Denna rapport behandlar ett examensarbete som gjorts på Goodtech Solutions AB i Karlstad. Examensarbetet är ett avslut på Högskoleingenjörsprogrammet i maskinteknik vid Karlstads universitet. Målet med projektet var att utveckla en ny typ av lösning för ett ramverk till en bulkhanteringslinje för att effektivisera tillverkningen och på så sätt öka lönsamheten på produkten. Produktutvecklingsprocessen låg till grund som metod för projektet och genom att steg för steg följa de olika faserna kunde en rad koncept tas fram. Ur dessa kunde ett slutgiltigt konceptval göras och därefter skapa en CAD-modell med hållfasthetsberäkningar som underlag. Den nya konstruktionen löser de tidigare problemen med en robust ram och förenklad konstruktion samt fullständig tillgång till underhållspunkter. Ramverket är konstruerat med hänsyn till innermåtten på en ISO-container och är även dimensionerad för både svartstål och rostfritt vilket har resulterat i en ökad flexibilitet hos produkten.This report deals with a degree project done at Goodtech Solutions AB in Karlstad. The degree project is a conclusion to the Bachelor of Science program in mechanical engineering at Karlstad University. The aim of the project was to develop a new type of solution for a framework for a bulk handling line to make production more efficient and thus increase the profitability of the product. The product development process was based on the method for the project and by following the different phases step-by-step, a number of concepts could be developed. From these, a final concept selection could be made and then create a CAD model with strength calculations as a basis. The new design solves the previous problems with a robust frame and simplified design and complete access to maintenance points. The framework is designed with regard to the inner dimensions of an ISO container and is also dimensioned for both black steel and stainless steel, which has resulted in an increased flexibility of the product.
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Mora, Fontelles Alejandro. „Concept Development of a Recliner Mechanism for a Car Seat“. Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192840.
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Nowadays, there are more and more regulations regarding the emissions of greenhouse gases. The automotive sector is directly affected by new standards enacted by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in America and by European regulations in Europe that are forcing car manufacturers to produce more efficient cars. Different ways exist to increase the efficiency of a car and thus reduce the CO2 emissions. One known strategy to improve fuel economy in vehicles is by weight reduction. Consequently, car manufacturers are seeking out new companies that can supply them with lighter car components. Here is where VA Automotive enters the picture, as a car seat manufacturer that is willing to improve their product by reducing the weight of its various components. This study deals with the development of a new recliner design that demonstrates improvements in terms of weight, size and performance compared to the current solution used at VA Automotive. A common product development methodology has been developed to reach the final recliner design which went through the following steps. First of all, a benchmarking technique was adopted to gather as much data as possible from the competitors’ products. Then, a list of target values for the product specifications was defined as a guideline for the development of the product. The next step was to generate several concepts of recliner’s mechanism that were suitable to improve the design from VA Automotive. After that, a Pugh decision matrix was used to select the best alternative between the concepts generated previously. The optimal concept was further developed by generating four design alternatives that were analyzed in terms of manufacturing, assembly, weight and size by using the Lucas DFMA method. Finally some simulations were run for one of the designs in order to check the structural performance of the mechanism and prove this way that the new recliner design meets the requirements. When comparing the new design alternatives with the design from VA Automotive, it was noticed that all the new designs except one presented a lower manufacturing cost index. Moreover, for all of the alternatives of the new recliner design, the weight was reduced by more than 56% compared to the recliner used at VA Automotive. Finally, by means of FEM simulations it was demonstrated that by choosing the right material the new recliner design was able to meet the structural requirements.
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Turek, Steven. „A Graph-based Early Design Environment for Generating Cost Effective Mechanical Designs“. University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1397467818.
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von, Yxkull Filippa. „Implementing Design For Automatic Assembly : A recommendation on how to implement andapply DFAA at Company Y“. Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232710.
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The need to work with Design for Automatic Assembly (DFAA) has been widely recognizedin the literature. However, the implementation of DFAA is not clearly defined. Therefore, thepurpose of this master thesis is to investigate and contribute with knowledge of how DFAAshould be implemented into an organization, such as Company Y.Several interviews have been conducted to establish a current state analysis, to receive anunderstanding of the current problems at Company Y and how to address them. Abenchmarking study was conducted, where the three companies Ericsson, Company X andScania were interviewed. All three companies have successfully implemented DFA and wereinterviewed with the purpose to obtaining their best practices. The study also included an earlyimplementation of DFAA, where a software based DFA2-method created by Eskilander (2001)was tested on a current product and a new developed design concept at Company Y. Based onthis a recommended workflow of the evaluation could be attained.Based on the empirical gatherings several recommendations of how DFAA should beimplemented into the organization could be made. The study highlights that DFAA should beapplied as early as possible in the product development process. The DFA2-method should beutilized at product level to facilitate concept selection and at part level to make theproducts/modules suited for automatic assembly, before the design is “locked” and before aphysical prototype is created. The departments that should be working with DFAA includesindividuals from production, design quality and purchasing. However, once DFA becomesrooted in the company, more functions in the company’s supply chain will become affected.This means that more functions might need to be included in the work of DFAA. Finally, thestudy includes a decision model, in which the decisions are based on the measurable valuesreceived from the DFA2-method.Behovet av att arbeta med Design for Automatic Assembly (DFAA) har uppmärksammat ilitteraturen. Däremot har implementeringen av DFAA inte blivit tydligt definierat. Syftet meddetta examensarbete blir således att undersöka och bidra med kunskap om hur DFAA skaimplementeras i en organisation, så som Företag Y.Flera intervjuer har genomförts för att upprätta en nuvarandeanalys för att få förståelse för derådande problemen hos Company Y och hur dessa ska hanteras. En benchmarkingstudiegenomfördes, där de tre företagen Ericsson, Company X och Scania intervjuades. Alla treföretagen har framgångsrikt implementerat DFA och har intervjuats med syftet att erhålla derasbästa praxis. Studien innefattar även en tidig implementering av DFAA, där enmjukvarubaserad DFA2-metod skapad av Eskilander (2001), har testats på en aktuell produktoch ett nytt utvecklat koncept på Company Y. Baserat på detta kunde ett rekommenderatarbetsflöde av utvärderingen presenteras.Baserat på empiriska studien kunde flera rekommendationer gällande hur DFAA skaimplementeras i en organisation skapas. Studien belyser att DFAA bör tillämpas så tidigt sommöjligt i produktutvecklingsprocessen. DFA2-metoden bör utnyttjas på produktnivå för attunderlätta konceptvalet och på komponentnivå för att göra produkterna/modulerna lämpade förautomatisk montering, detta innan designen är "låst" och innan en fysisk prototyp harkonstruerats. Avdelningar som ska arbeta med DFAA inkluderar produktion, designkvalitet ochinköp. När DFA blir rotad i företaget kommer dock fler funktioner i företagets supply chain attpåverkas. Det innebär att fler funktioner kan behöva inkluderas med arbetet kring DFAA.Slutligen så inkluderar studien en beslutsmodell relaterat till DFAA. Besluten baseras på demätbara värden från DFA2-metoden.
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Johansson, Hanna, und Maria Sundin. „Produktutformning och materialval för formsprutning : beträffande polymera material“. Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-138501.
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Formsprutning är en tillverkningsmetod somställer krav på produkters utformning. För att göra en lämplig ingötsplacering räcker inte alltid riktlinjer utan en produktspecifik analys kan vara nödvändig. Materialval kräver en tydlig kravspecifikation och kan med fördel göras i samråd med en materialexpert. Riktlinjer för Design for manufacturing and assembly inkluderar bland annat rekommendationer för formgivning. Detta kandidatarbete strävar efter att hjälpa produktutvecklare att tidigt i produktutvecklingsprocessen ta hänsyn till tillverkningsaspekter. Baserat på litteraturstudier, intervjuer och fallstudier har riktlinjer tagits fram för materialval, design for manufacturing and assembly och formgivning för formsprutning. Arbetet är avgränsat till att endast titta på formsprutningsbara termoplaster. Arbetet, som genomförts vid Linköpings universitet, är en del av projektet Säkra monteringsverktyg som resulterade i ett portabelt dödmansgrepp. Defallstudier som genomfördes inom projektetbehandlar värdering av koncept utifrån produktionsperspektiv, materialval och formsprutningsanalyser i programmet Moldflow. Arbetet resulterade i riktlinjer för applicering av metoden design for manufacturing and assembly, formsprutningsanpassning samt materialval. Fallstudien i Säkra monteringsverktyg utmynnade ien värdering av koncept utifrån produktionsaspekter, ett materialval baserat på projektets kravspecifikation och rekommendationer för produktens utformning med syfte att optimera dess tillverkning. En slutsats av arbetet är att produktionsanpassning av produktens utformning bör ske tidigt i utvecklingsprocessen. En annan slutsats är att besök i industrin, hos exempelvis ett formsprutningsföretag, leder till bättre förståelse av vilka krav som behöver uppfyllas för att en produkt ska vara möjlig att producera. Om simuleringsprogram för formsprutning finns bör det användas i kombination med riktlinjer för produktutformning. Ytterligare en slutsats som gjorts är att materialval underlättas genom tidig kontakt med materialleverantörer. Materialvalet baseras på kravspecifikationen och därför bör kraven tydliggöras och dess rimlighet kontrolleras innan materialvalet sker.Injection molding is a manufacturing method that requires specific features to attain manufacturability. Gating suitability requires analysis and mere guidelines do not always provide the correct gate placement. Material selection requires a pronounced specification and is preferably supervised by an expert. Guidelines concerning design for manufacturing and assembly include, among other things, recommendations directly affecting the shape of the product. The aim for this bachelor thesis is to aid product developers and designers in taking manufacturing aspects into account early in the product development process. This is achieved by providing them with guidelines regarding material selection, injection molding, as well as design for manufacturing and assembly. The thesis is limited to thermoplastic materials suitable for injection molding and its results are based off thorough literature research, interviews and case studies. This bachelor thesis project, which is conducted at Linköping University,is a part of a project calledSafe manual assembly tools, and the resulting portable enabling device developed in Safe manual assembly toolsis used as case studies in this thesis. The case studies include: evaluation of concepts concerning manufacturability; material selection; and injection molding analysis through the software Moldflow. The thesis results in guidelines concerning design for manufacturing and assembly, injection molding and material selection. The case study is requited with concept selection suggestions, a selection of material that meets the specification of requirements stated in Safe manual assembly tools and design recommendations that aim to improve the manufacturability of the concept. This bachelor thesis concludes that design alterations striving to meet requirements for manufacturability should be made early in the devolpment process. Visiting the polymer-based product manufacturing industry offers better insight into which requirements that need to be fulfilled to make a product producible. Injection molding simulation software, if such is available, should be used in combination with design guidelines.The thesis also concludes that material selection is simplified through early contact with suppliers of material. Material selection is based off the specification of requirements and therefore requirements specified in the specification should be clarified and have their plausibility confirmed before the selection takes place.
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Kuipers, Nathanaël. „Appropriate instructions for manual assembly workers in industrial manufacturing settings: factors to consider“. Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42186.
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Manual assembly workers have nowadays a much higher workload than before. Not only do they have to deal with many more product variants, but as aconsequence they also receive many more information signals that they have to act upon. This study focuses on the information assembly workers receive through visual instructions. By conducting a literature review in the domains of product development with focus on design for assembly, cognition related to informationin instructions and different instruction formats like paper, tablet, and augmented reality (AR), commonalities and differences could be identified. Assembly operations are generally divided in handling a part and joining a part, and instructions should inform the assembly worker about when what should be assembled where and how. Each of these aspects has an impact on the overall complexity of the assembly process. To realise which of these aspects is most critical for an assembly worker can be of help in creating and delivering effective, tailor made instructions. The main finding is that there is not a one size fits all solution when it comes to the effectiveness of instructions, but that the type of instructions and the way they are delivered should in the first place be adjusted to the complexity of the assembly operations and secondly - if possible - also adjusted to the experience of the worker. The outcomes mentioned in this document should help laying the foundation for rules and guidelines when it comes to manual assembly instructions and its factors to consider.
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Sadllah, Stapheen. „Produktutveckling av kyl/värmesystem för barnvagn“. Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-39222.
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After contacting Ragnar Tengstrand, the supervisor, I was determined to develop a baby carriage that will have a fan that gives cold during the summer period and a heat sink that will provide heat during the winter period. Only the frame of the stroller appeared within the delimitation of this project, but consideration was given to the location of the fan, powerbank, and the heat sink. The work began with information searching for prams, competitors, medical visits and consumer interviews. Then a number of sketches were developed and were shown to the supervisor. From these terms, the one who was called "Product development of cooling/heating system for baby carriage" was chosen. This was further developed as well as CAD files, sketches and drawings were made for.
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Haddad, Robert, und Aram Azizi. „Konceptutveckling av kabelmaskin för träning med resistans och viktsimulering“. Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-55182.
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På samtliga gymplatser finns alltför många maskiner och redskap idag. De flesta nybörjare har svårt att komma igång med träning, speciellt om dem tränar ensamma. Nybörjare har större chans att överge gymmet än de erfarna. Antalet maskiner och redskap ökar varje år då flera individer börjar hoppa på den nya trenden (fitnessindustrin). Professionella atleter kräver mer än det utbud som finns idag. Resistansträning reducerar skador och assisterar atlet eller nybörjare till att använda muskelgrupper som stärker kroppen utöver träning med vikt Detta examensarbete utgår från att designa en estetisk och funktionell design för en gymprodukt. Dagens samhälle är mer inriktad mot träning jämfört med tidigare. Då teknologi som avanceras blir människan latare. Sedan start av pandemin år 2019 har antalet privatpersoner med ett hemmagym ökat. Produkten som Företag A tillverkar inriktar sig mot företagsgym, privatpersoner samtprofessionella atleter. Examensarbetets primära fokus är att tillsammans med Företag A utveckla en produkt vars syfte är att underlätta träning för marknaden samt öka tillgänglighet och förståelse för träning. Innan projektet påbörjade skrevs ett konfidentiellt avtal som samtliga parter signerat. Tillsammansmed konfidentiella avtalet skrevs de kravspecifikationer som var viktiga för produkten och dess funktion. Följande frågeställningar ställs för projektet: Q1: Är den slutliga designen estetisk tilltalande från perspektivet av Företag A? Q2: Hur kan krav för funktioner och estetik kombineras på det mest effektiva sätt? Q3: Hur ska kravspecifikationerna tillämpas för koncepten och delsystemen? Q4: Hur kan koncepten kombineras för det teoretiskt mest effektiva sätt? Med hjälp av litteraturen Produktutveckling, samt hjälp av handledaren underlättades arbetet. Projektet undergick ett par olika faser från att generera koncept, välja ut de viktiga koncepten till att vidareutveckla på dem valda koncepten för ett färdigt resulterande slutkoncept. Detta slutkoncept blir då designen för den färdiga produkten. Slutprodukten resulterade i en sammanfogning av olika koncept för att effektivt integrera design med funktion. Då Företag A ansåg slutdesignen som estetisk tilltalande design så slutfördes arbetet på ett successivt sätt, där alla kravspecifikationer (inom räckvidd) erhölls. Samtliga kravspecifikationer som projektet inte täckte, blir svarade under tillverkningsprocessen som är bortom studenternas uppgifter.Det slutliga konceptet resulterade i en total vikt på 4,731kg, och en preliminär tillverkningskostnad på12 313kr. Resultatet av dessa faktorer överträffade de krav och idealvärden satta för produkten. Den framtida utvecklingen av projektet kräver vidaretestning av funktioner, geometri och sammansättning av komponenter då detta projekt endast framhäver en hypotetisk fungerande produkt.There are far too many gym machines and equipment’s these days. The majority of the new gym members find it hard to train regularly, especially if they train alone. New members also tend to skip the gym more frequently than that of the experienced and established members. The number of machines and equipment’s used for training purposes increases every year because of the fitness industry increasing in popularity. Professional athletes demand more advanced products because of the increase in competition. Resistance training is the most popular training method because more people look to building muscles rather than functional training. The benefits of resistance training includereduced injuries, builds, and strengthens the muscles. The purpose of this theses is to design a functional and aesthetically pleasing gym product. Today’s generation is more invested in fitness than the past generations. The more technology advances, the lazier humans have become. When the COVID pandemic hit in 2019, the amount of home gym owners reached an all-time high. The product that Company A wants to manufacture is targeted for professional athletes, commercial gyms and for private use. This thesis primary focus is to develop a product with the purpose of facilitate training for the fitness industry, increase availability and build a better understanding for training. This project had a confidential agreement that every participant signed before start. Together with the confidential agreement, the product requirements were written and accepted by all participants. The product requirements include the functional capabilities of the finished product. The following research questions were used to determine the success of the project: Q1: Is the finished product design esthetically pleasing for Company A? Q2: How can the functional requirements combine with an esthetic design in an effective manner? Q3: How can the product requirements apply for the concept and its part subsystem? Q4: How can the concepts combine in the most effective manner theoretically? This project used most of the help from the supervisor(s) and the “Produktutveckling” literature. The project underwent a few phases as explained in the literature, to generate and select the most useful concept. The chosen concepts were then further developed for a resulting design concept. The developed concept was then chosen as the finished design, by an agreement of the participants. The finished product design resulted in a combination of the different concepts generated in the earlier phases. The reason behind the combination was to include the pros and exclude the cons of each design concept. The project was a success, since Company A approved the design and considered the finished concept as aesthetically pleasing. All of the product requirements that was set were unchanged and included in the finished product. The remaining product requirements that were left unanswered could only be determined by manufacturing and further testing, which is beyond the students signed agreements.
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Doktorian, Paul, und Fredrik Tuvesson. „DFM för Lasersvetsning“. Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15262.
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The purpose with this thesis was to develop a designguideline which will simplify the development of new products that will be laser welded. The need for this thesis has come forward from the quality problems that Volvo Construction Equipment, Components Division is having with their laser welding manufacturing unit. The reason for the problems emerges from the bad communication between the development unit and the manufacturing unit within the company when the products produced today was developed. This resulted in products that were hard to and in some cases almost impossible to weld.
To avoid these problems from occurring again it was needed to gather the experiences within this area and compile it and present in a brief a pedagogical manner. The information for the groundwork of our results has been gathered by interviews of several key persons in Volvo Construction Equipment, Components Division. Other information channels have been a literary study, visiting other companies, participating in the manufacturing processes and participation in the project for non-destructive testing.
We have considered the following subjects after compiling the gathered information:
· Product design
· Choice of material
· Weld joint design
· The limiting dimensions of the laser welding unit
· The Heat Affected Zone, HAZ, after laser welding
· Washing/Cleanliness
· Testing – Destructive or non-destructive
There is no other company in the world that welds products with the same method and the same material as they do in Volvo Construction Equipment, Components Division. The conclusion is that the complications that arose when the products that are manufactured today were developed can be avoided if our designguideline were to be followed in the future new development.
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Butikofer, Jeffrey L. „Synthesis, structure and characterization of dfmp platinum complexes“. Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=994234981&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Klingnell, Daniel. „Utveckling av arbetsmetod för DFA“. Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-143550.
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Scania is among the leading companies in the heavy vehicle industry. Scania also assemble engines for their trucks and buses, as well as to external marine and industrial applications. Wrongly assembled parts leads to quality problems, which makes it important to secure that the assembly is correct. To do this Design For Assembly (DFA) is used to describe how parts should become easier to assemble. Scania’s production unit for engine assembly has had a working method for DFA in the shape of a checklist, which is not used. The goal in this project was to investigate why the method is not used and to give suggestions for improvements.The problem with the existing DFA-method and the reasons it was not used was investigated through interviews and observations. A literature review was done to study other, established DFA-methods. Other production units at Scania were looked into as well, to compare their working approach towards DFA.Many rounds of tests were conducted to improve the DFA-method. The tests were applications to real cases. One problem was that the checklist was too complicated. The result was a modified checklist in which the number of questions went from 45 in the original to 24 in the final version. New response levels were introduced containing decision-making responses in a combination with points for the ability to measure and compare different DFA-analyses. The questions were organised into three main areas: product questions, assembly questions and remaining questions.In accordance to how other production units at Scania works with DFA, a new method, parallel to the checklist, was created to visualise easy assembled engine parts through the revision of an old. The old method contained articles with descriptions of good solutions regarding assembly. Using an internal Wikipedia system links were created between these articles to be able to reach all of them through three main categories: the DFA-technique is known, the product category is known or going through the subsystems in the engine’s design structure.A simple implementation plan was developed to recommend an implementation of the working method. Suggestions for further improvements when working using the method were given as well. An important improvement area was to find out where in the development process the DFA-method should be used.Scania är ett av de ledande företagen inom den tunga fordonsindustrin. Scania tillverkar även motorer till sina lastbilar och bussar, samt till externa industri- och marinapplikationer. Då felmonterade motordelar leder till kvalitetsproblem är det viktigt att säkerställa att monteringen blir rätt. Dessutom ska den göras på en så kort tid som möjligt. För att göra detta används Design For Assembly (DFA) för att beskriva hur delar ska bli mer monteringsvänliga. Scanias produktionsenhet för motormontering har haft en arbetsmetod för DFA i form av en checklista som inte använts. Målet med detta projekt blev att ta reda på varför metoden inte används och ge förslag på förbättringar.Genom intervjuer och observationer undersöktes var problemen fanns med den existerande DFA-metoden och anledningar till att den inte använts. En litteraturstudie gjordes för att undersöka andra, etablerade, DFA-metoder. Dessutom undersöktes andra produktionsenheter på Scania för att jämföra deras arbetssätt med DFA.Tester gjordes för att förbättra DFA-metoden. Dessa tester tillämpades på verkliga typfall. Ett av problemen var att checklistan uppfattades som för komplex. Resultatet blev en reviderad checklista där antalet frågor gick från 45 i början till de slutgiltiga 24. Nya svarsnivåer infördes med beslutande svar i kombination med poäng för att kunna mäta och jämföra olika utförda DFA-analyser. Frågorna organiserades i tre huvudkategorier för att följa en mer logisk ordning: produktfrågor, monteringsfrågor och övriga frågor.I linje med hur andra produktionsenheter på Scania arbetar med DFA skapades en ny metod för att visualisera monteringsvänliga motorkomponenter genom att en gammal metod reviderades. Den gamla metoden innehöll artiklar med beskrivningar på bra lösningar ur monteringssynpunkt. Med hjälp av ett internt Wikipedia-system skapades länkar mellan dessa artiklar för att kunna nå dem ur tre olika huvudspår: DFA-tekniken är känd, produktkategorin är känd samt med utgångspunkt från delsystem i motorns konstruktionsstruktur.En enklare införandeplan togs fram för att ge en rekommendation på införande av arbetsmetoden. Dessutom gavs förslag på vidare förbättringar genom arbete med denna. Ett viktigt förbättringsområde blev på vilken plats i utvecklingsprocessen metoden ska användas
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Pabolu, Venkata Krishna Rao. „DFM – Weldability analysis and system development“. Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH. Forskningsmiljö Produktutveckling - Datorstödd konstruktion, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-29316.
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This thesis work is mainly focused on the processes involved in manufacturing of aircraft engine components. The processes are especially about welding and welding methods. The basics of welding and the thesis support has been taken from the GKN Aerospace Sweden AB, a global aerospace product supplier. The basic objective of this thesis work is to improve the usability of an automation system which is developed for evaluating the weldability of a part. A long run maintainability aspect of this automation system has been considered. The thesis work addresses the problems arising during the usage of a computerised automated system such as process transparency, recognisability, details traceability and other maintenance aspects such as maintainability and upgradability of the system in the course of time. The action research methodology has been used to address these problems. Different approaches have been tried to finding the solution to those problems. A rule based manufacturability analysis system has been attempted to analyse the weldability of a component in terms of different welding technics. The software “Howtomation” has been used to improve the transparency of this analysis system. User recognisability and details tractability have been taken into account during the usage of a ruled based analysis system. The system attributes such as maintainability, upgradability, adaptiveness to modern welding methods has been addressed. The system suitability for large scale analysis has been considered.
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Santana, Alessandro. „Engenharia do valor associada ao DFMEA no desenvolvimento do produto“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3149/tde-24122014-105959/.
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O presente trabalho propõe uma nova metodologia para elaboração do DFMEA (Design Failure Modes and Effects Analysis - Análise dos Efeitos e Modos de Falha do Projeto) utilizando as técnicas da EV (Engenharia do Valor) para determinação das funções do produto. Para isto, o trabalho é estruturado de forma que os conceitos fundamentais do DFMEA e EV sejam vistos individualmente e, em um segundo momento, mostra a intersecção dessas técnicas, surgindo assim a referida metodologia, batizada de DFFMEA (Design Function Failure Modes and Effects Analysis - Análise dos Efeitos e Modos de Falha para a Função do Projeto). A proposta é validada através da aplicação de três estudos de casos, cujo resultado objetivo é a redução do tempo de desenvolvimento do DFMEA e a otimização da mão-de-obra intelectual. Resultados subjetivos também são apresentados, como incentivo à criatividade. O trabalho pretende, igualmente, divulgar as técnicas da metodologia da EV dentro da organização, incentivando o seu uso e possibilitando ganhos financeiros.Present work proposes a new methodology to do DFMEA (Design Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) using Value Engineering techniques in order to obtain the product functions. For this purpose, the work is structured in such a way that DFMEA and EV basic concepts are examined individually and, in a second moment, it exhibits the intersection of these techniques, when above mentioned methodology named DFFMEA (Design Function Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) appears. The proposal has been validated through the application of three studies of cases, which objective results are the time reduction for development of DFMEA and the optimization of intellectual labor. Subjective results are also brought out, as an incentive to creativity. The work equally intends to spread the EV methodology techniques throughout the organization, stimulating its use and making possible financial profits.
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Cao, Ke. „Design for manufacturing (DFM) in submicron VLSI design“. Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1430.
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Schubert, Barbara. „How to use sorting procedures to minimize a DFA“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq21100.pdf.
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Svensson, Daniel, und Ramic Edin. „Reducering av monterings- och installationstid genom implementering av DFA“. Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för maskinteknik (MT), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-76165.
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Utveckling av produkter enligt DFA kan öka effektiviteten i monteringsprocessen med avseende på tid, tillgänglighet, synlighet och kostnad. Syftet med arbetet är att undersöka möjligheterna i att utveckla en produkt baserat på åsikter och erfarenheter. Två delmål är etablerade till projektet där det första är att kartlägga monterings- och installationsprocesser. Andra delmålet är att generera förbättringsförslag för korgnodskonstruktionen. Via fallstudier av monterings- och installationsprocesser samt tidsanalyser identifierades tre problemområden till vilka samtliga ett förbättringskoncept genererats. Det genomfördes ytterligare en tidsanalys på förbättringsförslaget för att jämföra med dagens korgnodskonstruktion. Resultatet visar en minskning av den totala monteringstiden och för den totala installationstiden. Vidare visar resultatet en effektivitetsökning för förmontering och installation, däremot en minskad effektivitet för montering.
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Tamošauskas, Aurimas. „DFM (Design for Manufacturability) metodo taikymas gaminiams iš plastiko gaminti“. Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080929_135929-29173.
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Šis ištirtas DFM metodas padeda atkreipti projektuotojų dėmesį į tas presuojamojo liejimo formavimo ypatybes, kurios yra linkusios didinti gaminio apdirbimo sąnaudas. Tyrime naudojame „šešių laipsnių koduojančia sistema“ tam, kad nustatyti galutines preliminarias ruošinio apdirbimo sąnaudas. Čia pabrėžiamos tos ypatybes, kurios žymiai didina kainą, kad projektuotojai galėtų sumažinti gaminamos detalės sudėtingumą. Naudojant pristatytą metodologiją, projektuotojai gali įvykdyti ruošinių apdirbimo sąnaudų įvertinimą ankstyvojoje konstravimo stadijoje. Tai gali būti įvikdyta pasitelkiant jų apytiksle vieta ir orientacija. Išsamūs matmenys nėra būtini. Metodologija parodo tai, ką detalių charakteristikos įtakoja kainai, kad pagerintų perkonstruotą detalę.The master’s thesis present the rewiew of design manufacture method. Mechanical part design plays an important role whether company will succeed in market or will fail. From my point of view there are three main measures of the DFM (Design For Manufacture) process: cost, quality and time, which are pivotal in design process. Regardless of the product being designed – whether it is an entire system or some small subpart of a larger product - the customer and management always want it cheaper, better and faster. In this project has described a systematic approach for calling designers attention to those features of injection molding that tend to increase the tooling cost to manufacture parts – and for estimating the relative costs of tooling. The system employs a six – digit coding system for determining total relative tooling cost, which groups parts according to their similarity in tool construction difficulty. The system highlight those features that significantly increase cost so that designers can minimize difficult – to – produce features.
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Maidin, Shajahan. „Development of a design feature database to support design for additive manufacturing (DfAM)“. Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9111.
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This research introduces a method to aid the design of products or parts to be made using Additive Manufacturing (AM), particularly the laser sintering (LS) system. The research began with a literature review that encompassed the subjects of design and AM and through this the need for an assistive design approach for AM was identified. Undertaking the literature review also confirmed that little has been done in the area of supporting the design of AM parts or products. Preliminary investigations were conducted to identify the design factors to consider for AM. Two preliminary investigations were conducted, the first investigation was conducted to identify the reasons for designing for AM, the need for a design support tool for AM and current challenges of student industrial designers designing parts or products for AM, and also to identify the type of design support they required. Further investigation were conducted to examine how AM products are developed by professional industrial designers and to understand their design processes and procedures. The study has identified specific AM enabled design features that the designers have been able to create within their case study products. Detailed observation of the case study products and parts reveals a number of features that are only economical or possible to produce with AM. A taxonomy of AM enabled design features was developed as a precursor for the development of a computer based design tool. The AM enabled design features was defined as a features that would be uneconomical or very expensive to be produced with conventional methods. The taxonomy has four top-level taxons based on four main reasons for using AM, namely user fit requirements, improved product functionality requirements, parts consolidation requirements and improvement of aesthetics or form requirements. Each of these requirements was expanded further into thirteen sub categories of applications that contained 106 examples of design features that are only possible to manufacture using AM technology. The collected and grouped design features were presented in a form of a database as a method to aid product design of parts or products for AM. A series of user trials were conducted that showed the database enabled industrial designers to visualise and gather design feature information that could be incorporated into their own design work. Finally, conclusions are drawn and suggestions for future work are listed. In summary, it can be concluded that this research project has been a success, having addressed all of the objectives that were identified at its outset. From the user trial results, it is clear to see that the proposed tool would be an effective tool to support product design for AM, particularly from an educational perspective. The tool was found to be beneficial to student designers to take advantage of the design freedom offered by AM in order to produce improved product design. As AM becomes more widely used, it is anticipated that new design features will emerge that could be included in future versions of the database so that it will remain a rich source of inspirational information for tomorrow s industrial designers.
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DREUILHE, JEAN-LUC. „Les atteintes cardiaques dans un cas de trypanosomiase humaine africaine traite par dfmo“. Aix-Marseille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX20101.
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Holland, Stephen. „Development and differentiation in rural Thailand : a case from the central region“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ba133682-df2a-41b6-aaa4-19f71591aee5.
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This thesis is a contribution to the study of rural development and social change. The economy, polity and society of rural Thailand has undergone enormous transformations in the past century and a half. These centre on the penetration of rural communities by structures of state and capital. An important aspect of this is the emergence of 'differentiation' (or 'stratification'): i.e., the development of disparities between the economic status and circumstances of households in the same locality. This thesis reports data pertaining to intra-village differentiation which were collected during an anthropological study of a rural community in Central Thailand. Rural differentiation in Thailand is considered from a number of related perspectives. Macro-level, historical transformations of the Thai countryside are discussed, and an interpretive model of the consequent stratification discernible in the village study site is presented. Ongoing processes of differentiation, which focus on the monopolisation of local resources by rural elites in the context of the developing village, are delineated. Data pertaining to informants' economic related decisions and behaviours reveal that different strata of villagers hold dissimilar 'economic attitudes': rich villagers' economic decision-making accords with Western notions of economic 'rationality' , whilst poor villagers tended to be both non-accumulatory and apparently reckless in the economic arena. Middle ranking villagers tended toward economic quiescence. This phenomenon is explained by a reconstruction of some elements of poor villagers' underlying system of values of beliefs. The consequences of intra-village differentiation for social identities and relations are discussed by reference to the 'class hypothesis': i.e., that the continued experience of increasing differentiation gives rise to class identities and, hence, class based social relations. Data suggest that, whilst stratification informs social identities and interactions to some extent, at present this is over-ridden by other, noneconomic factors.
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Eberhard, Sean. „Some combinatorial problems in group theory“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b92af6aa-df2a-4634-882d-236d8f828857.
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We study a number of problems of a group-theoretic origin or nature, but from a strongly additive-combinatorial or analytic perspective. Specifically, we consider the following particular problems. 1. Given an arbitrary set of n positive integers, how large a subset can you be sure to find which is sum-free, i.e., which contains no two elements x and y as well as their sum x+y? More generally, given a linear homogeneous equation E, how large a subset can you be sure to find which contains no solutions to E? 2. Given a finite group G, suppose we measure the degree of abelianness of G by its commuting probability Pr(G), i.e., the proportion of pairs of elements x,y Ε G which commute. What are the possible values of Pr(G)? What is the set of all possible values like as a subset of [0,1]? 3. What is the probability that a random permutation π Ε Sn has a fixed set of some predetermined size k? Particularly, how does this probability change as k grows? We give satisfactory answers to each of these questions, using a range of methods. More detailed abstracts are included at the beginning of each chapter.
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Kenrick, David William. „Pioneers and progress : white Rhodesian nation-building, c.1964-1979“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a9e3ff0d-dfca-4e19-8adc-788c3e7faf9f.
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The thesis explores the white Rhodesian nationalist project led by the Rhodesian Front (RF) government in the UDI-period of 1965 to 1979. It seeks to examine the character and content of RF nation-building, arguing that it is important to consider the context of wider global and regional trends of nationalism at the time. Thus, it places the white Rhodesia within wider 'British World' studies of settler societies within the British Empire, but also compares it to other African nationalist movements in the 1960s and 1970s. It studies white Rhodesian nationalism on its own terms as a sincere, albeit unrealistic, alternative to majority-rule independence, and considers how the RF adapted over the period in its continuing attempts to justify minority-rule in an era of global decolonisation. Two thematic sections examine the RF's nation-building project in systematic detail. The first section, on symbolism, considers Rhodesia's processes of 'symbolic decolonisation'. This involved white Rhodesians creating new national symbols not associated with Britain or the British Empire. Processes by which new national symbols were chosen are used as a lens to explore white Rhodesian debates about their 'new' nation after the Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI) was taken in 1965. They reveal the ambiguities and complexities at the heart of the RF's nation-building project; a project that was frequently exclusionary and hotly contested at every opportunity. The second section explores how history was used to help create and defend the nation, adding to studies of the use of history in nationalist projects. It considers a range of non-professional sites of history-making, demonstrating the complicated relationships between these different sites and the state's wider nationalist agenda. It also explores how history was invoked to justify and defend minority-rule independence both before and after UDI.
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Remy, Laurent. „Mise en place d'une nouvelle méthode de conception orientée DFM“. Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00524319.
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La première partie du manuscrit présente un état de l'art des différentes visions du DFM au sein du processus de conception industriel. Une nouvelle méthode de conception orientée DFM baptisée le DFM² est définie, se basant principalement sur l'intensification des interactions entre la conception et la fabrication. L'étape de conception de cellules se place au coeur de ces interactions afin d'appliquer les améliorations DFM en amont de la conception du circuit. La suite de l'étude présente des résultats visant à s'affranchir de la variabilité observée lors de la fabrication, concernant des domaines comme la planéité ou la lithographie à la fois pour le FEOL et le BEOL. Une étude statistique sur l'étape de métallisation est ensuite proposée, visant à modéliser l'impact de la géométrie du motif des dispositifs de remplissage métalliques sur les performances électriques des circuits. Les résultats permettent de définir de nouvelles conditions de simulation afin de prendre en compte cet effet dès la conception des cellules. Enfin, un outil d'aide à la conception de cellules (DUTY) est proposé. Son objectif est en premier lieu d'accompagner les concepteurs dans la mise en place du DFM² en leur proposant des améliorations DFM basées principalement sur les résultats obtenus précédemment. De plus, son but à long terme est de corréler les modifications DFM réalisées avec les améliorations de rendement attendues.
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Luo, Fangyi. „Post-Layout DFM optimization based on hybrid encoded topological layout /“. Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Doppalapudi, Ranjeeth. „Design-for-manufacturability (DFM) for system-in-package (SiP) applications“. Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26701.
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Thesis (M. S.)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Chair: Dr. Swaminathan, Madhavan; Committee Member: Dr. Chatterjee, Abhijit; Committee Member: Dr. Lim, Sungkyu. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Badrul, Omar. „A fuzzy approach to support DFA evaluation of design concepts“. Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5789/.
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Design evaluation form one of the more important aspects in determining whether it has met the initial requirements. Post design evaluations however are less advantageous than those made in the earlier stage of design, since it provides for ample opportunity to make less costly changes to the design. During conceptual design stage, the knowledge and information about the design is often vague and incomplete and this makes evaluation even more difficult. At present there are not enough tools to support the designer to make evaluations on design concepts. This thesis presents an approach which will support designer doing evaluation on design concepts by incorporating DF A criteria into the evaluating tool. The criteria most useful at that stage would be the part count reduction analysis. The handling of the information and knowledge at this conceptual stage will be handled by a fuzzy logic expert system. A demonstration on the usefulness of fuzzy logic together with the part count analysis was done on two case studies. The first use the approach to demonstrate the way it can support the designers at the concepts selection stage and the second examines the redesign of an existing product. The result of the case studies shows that it is possible to integrate the use of fuzzy logic with DF A in providing support to the designer in doing design concepts evaluation. This approach also highlights the ability of fuzzy logic in representing information and knowledge at this conceptual stage in the form of fuzzy sets.
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Chiang, Charles Chi-Yu. „A true generative CAPP system for DFM application to machined components“. Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12052009-020259/.
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Silva, Mariane Arnoldi da. „Papel das poliaminas periféricas no desenvolvimento da dor inflamatória em ratos“. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11131.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoPolyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) are aliphatic amines produced by the action of ornithine descarboxylase (ODC), a rate-limiting and protein kinease C (PKC)-regulated step in polyamine synthesis. Since the levels of polyamines were found to be high in synovial fluid of arthritic patients, the aim of the present study was to identify the role of peripherally produced polyamines in the model of inflammatory pain induced by adjuvant arthritis. The subcutaneous injection of complete Freund s adjuvant (CFA, 50 μL/paw) caused the development of mechanical allodynia and edema. Moreover, it increased ODC expression and activity as well as PKC activation. The previous administration of the selective ODC inhibitor DFMO (10 μmol/paw) was capable of preventing the development of allodynia and edema as well as the increase in ODC activity produced by CFA injection. Furthermore, the previous administration of the PKC inhibitor GF109203X (1 nmol/paw) reduced allodynia and the increase of ODC activity in animals injected with CFA. Accordingly with the synthesis inhibition, we have observed that subcutaneous injection of putrescine (10 μmol/paw), spermidine (3-10 μmol/paw) or spermine (0.3-3 μmol/paw) into the rat paw also caused mechanical allodynia and edema. The present results suggest that endogenously synthesized polyamines are involved in the development of nociception and edema caused by the adjuvant. Moreover, the polyamine production in inflammatory site seems to be related with the increase in ODC activity stimulated by PKC activation. Thus, the control of polyamine synthesis and action could be an interesting target to control inflammatory pain.
Poliaminas (putrescina, espermidina e espermina) são aminas alifáticas produzidas pela ação da ornitina descarboxilase (ODC), enzima limitante e proteína quinase C (PKC), passo regulatório da síntese de poliaminas. Desde que níveis elevados de poliaminas foram encontrados no fluído sinovial em pacientes com artrite, o objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a produção de poliaminas perifericamente em modelo de dor inflamatória induzido por CFA. A injeção subcutânea do adjuvante completo de Freund (CFA, 50 μL/pata) causou o desenvolvimento de alodínia mecânica e edema, bem como um aumento na expressão e atividade da ODC e na ativação da PKC. A administração prévia do inibidor seletivo da ODC, o DMFO (10 μmol/pata), foi capaz de prevenir o desenvolvimento da alodínia e edema, bem como o aumento da atividade produzida pela injeção de CFA. Além disso, a pré-administração do inibidor da PKC o GF109203 (1 nmol/pata), reduziu a alodínia e o aumento da atividade da ODC em animais injetados com CFA. De acordo com a inibição da síntese, também observamos que a injeção subcutânea de putrescina (10 μmol/pata), espermidina (3-10 μmol/pata) ou espermina (0,3-3 μmol/pata) na pata de ratos desenvolveu alodínia mecânica e edema. O presente estudo sugere que as poliaminas sintetizadas endogenamente estão envolvidas no desenvolvimento da nocicepção e edema causado pelo CFA. Além disso, as poliaminas produzidas nos sítios de inflamação estão relacionadas com o aumento na atividade da ODC estimulada pela ativação da PKC. Assim, o controle da síntese das poliaminas e função poderia ser um interessante alvo para o controle da dor inflamatória.
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Rinaldi, Attilio. „Analisi DFMEA (Design Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) applicata ad una macchina per gelato espresso“. Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
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La tesi di Laurea riporta l'attività di tirocinio per tesi svoltati presso l'azienda Carpigiani del gruppo Carpigiani Group-ALI S.p.A. dal 13 novembre 2016 al 10 marzo 2017.
In questo rapporto vengono trattate tutte le fasi indispensabili per poter realizzare l'analisi dei modi e degli effetti dei guasti (FMEA - Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) sulla macchina Carpigiani FDM (Frozen Dessert Machine), realizzata per un'importante catena di ristoranti di fast food.
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Hayworth, Hilda Jane. „Depressive responses to stressors : a study in individual differences“. Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1985. http://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/c5aeaf7e-dfba-4b0f-ad5b-a7d39dbef1a3/1/.
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From existing literature, attitudes of hostility, of intropunitiveness and of feeling unable to control events have been associated with susceptibility to stress and with depression. These characteristics were examined in relation to: (a) a laboratory stressor, and (b) a real-life stressor. In the laboratory, the stressor comprised unpleasantly loud tones, and the subjects' inability to control them. Skin-conductance recovery times were used as a possible indication of perceived threat. These were only slightly longer for subjects with high hostility, intropunitiveness and external locus of control scores, but significantly so for the most hostile under conditions of failure. Intro-punitiveness was significantly associated with post-stressor depressed mood and non-significantly associated with internally-directed attributions for task outcomes. Attributions of control and direction of hostility were inconsistent. The second part comprised field-work, where the potential stressor was that of childbirth, and the dependent variable, post-natally experienced depression. Perceptions of control and hostility were again 'inconsistent' in this large sample of women. Extreme scores, measured in pregnancy on high external control, high overall hostility and high externally-directed hostility were associated with post-natal depression. It was speculated that the conjunction between the 2 extremes of perceived control and direction of hostility might comprise 4 distinct attitudinal styles which might predispose to specific illness. Of these, it was hypothesized that intropunitiveness in combination with high external or high internal perceptions of control would be most predictive of later depression. While intropunitiveness alone did not predict post-natal depression, it proved to do so when found in conjunction with high external control as predicted, but not when in conjunction with high internal control.
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Ribeiro, Robival Alves. „An?lise espacial de reservat?rios usando DFA de dados geof?sicos“. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/19652.
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Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar se ? poss?vel construir padr?es espaciais em reservat?rios de petr?leo, usando expoentes de DFA (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis) dos diferentes perfis geol?gicos como: s?nico, densidade, porosidade, resistividade e raios gama. Fizeram parte da amostra 54 po?os de petr?leo do campo de Namorado, localizados na bacia de Campos, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Com o intuito de verificar a correla??o linear, constru?ram-se matrizes de dist?ncias entre os po?os e matrizes de diferen?as entre os DFA dos po?os, comparadas duas a duas e utilizado como m?todo estat?stico o teste de Mantel. A hip?tese nula consiste em afirmar que n?o existe correla??o linear entre as estruturas espaciais formadas pelas matrizes de dist?ncias euclidianas e das diferen?as dos expoentes de DFA dos perfis geol?gicos. Os perfis s?nicos (p=0,18) e da densidade (p=0,26) foram os que revelaram uma tend?ncia ? correla??o ou correla??o fraca. Estudo complementar, utilizando o contour plot, mostra os padr?es s?nicos e da densidade compat?veis com presen?a de correla??o espacial, corroborando os revelados pelo teste de Mantel
This research aims to set whether is possible to build spatial patterns over oil fields using DFA (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis) of the following well logs: sonic, density, porosity, resistivity and gamma ray. It was employed in the analysis a set of 54 well logs from the oil field of Campos dos Namorados, RJ, Brazil. To check for spatial correlation, it was employed the Mantel test between the matrix of geographic distance and the matrix of the difference of DFA exponents of the well logs. The null hypothesis assumes the absence of spatial structures that means no correlation between the matrix of Euclidean distance and the matrix of DFA differences. Our analysis indicate that the sonic (p=0.18) and the density (p=0.26) were the profiles that show tendency to correlation, or weak correlation. A complementary analysis using contour plot also has suggested that the sonic and the density are the most suitable with geophysical quantities for the construction of spatial structures corroborating the results of Mantel test
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Florentin-Armand, Muriel. „Quelle information pour quelle formation professionnelle dans les DFA (Départements français d'Amérique) ?“ Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32092.
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Le CARIF-OREF Guadeloupe, association loi 1901 chargée de diffuser l'information professionnelle, a mis en place pour le compte du Conseil Régional de Guadeloupe un portail Internet, destiné à mettre en relation les différents acteurs et demandeurs de la formation professionnelle. L'étude empirique des relations développées, au sein du Portail, a révélé que chacun décide de l'utiliser ou de ne pas l'utiliser, de se l'approprier ou de ne pas se l'approprier. Partant de cette expérience, cette thèse s'évertue à analyser, pourquoi les acteurs et demandeurs de formation des DFA s'approprient ou ne s'approprient pas les outils Internet d'information sur la formation mis à leur disposition. Elle éclaire, également, sur le rôle et la fonction : des intérêts, des acquis personnels et professionnels, des réseaux relationnels préconstitutés dans l'appropriation ou la "non-appropriation" des technologies de l'information et de la communication. L'interrogation porte, ici, sur les "causes d'appropriation des outils Internet d'information". C'est la raison de l'intitulé interrogatif de ce mémoire : Quelle information pour quelle formation professionnelle dans les DFA (Département français d'Amérique) ? La méthodologie abordée consiste à vérifier trois hypothèses en réponse à une telle problématique. La première consiste à considérer que l'appropriation passe par un processus d'imprégnation. C'est-à-dire que l'appropriation provient d'une sensibilisation précoce aux outils Internet dans le milieu familial. Cette sensibilisation précoce avantage l'individu dans sa démarche de gestion des connaissances. La seconde hypothèse pose l'appropriation des outils Internet et le développement d'une gestion des connaissances comme la résultante d'une culture élargie. Une culture regroupant les diverses cultures personnelles et professionnelles de l'individu. La troisième hypothèse fait de l'appropriation des outils Internet l'aboutissement d'une stratégie individuelle mise en place par l'individu. Pour vérifier ces hypothèses de départ, le contexte de l'appropriation est d'abord délimité par une approche systémique de la formation professionnelle dans les DFA. Puis des données aussi bien quantitatives que qualitatives sont livréesThe CARIF-OREF Guadeloupe, association law 1901 charged to disseminate information on professional training, set up on behalf of the Regional council of Guadeloupe a Internet portal, intented to connect the various actors and applicants of professional training. The empirical study of the development relations, within the Portal, revealed that each on decides to use or not to use it, to adapt it or not to adapt it. On the basis of this experiment, this thesis try to analyse, why the actors and applicants of formation of the DFA adapt themselves or are not adapted tools Internet of information on the formation placed at their disposal. It reforms, also, on the role and the function : interests, asstes personal and professional, relational networks pre-made up in the appropriation or it "not-appropriation" of Communication and Information Technologies. The interrogation relates, here, to the "causes of appropriation of tools Internet of information". It is the reason of the interrogative heading of this memory : Which information for which professional training in the DFA (French Departments of America) ? Methodology approached consists in checking three assumptions in answer to such problem. The first consists in considering that the appropriation passes by a process of impregnation. That is say the appropriation comes from an early sensitizing to tools Internet in family circle. This early sensitizing favours the individual in his step of knowledge management. The second assumption poses the appropriation of tools Internet and the development of a knowledge management like the resultant of a widened culture. A culture gathering the various personal and professional cultures of the individual. The third assumption makes appropriation of tools Internet the result of an individual strategy installation by the individual. To check these starting assumptions, the context of the appropriation is initially delimited by a systemic approach of professional trainig in the DFA. Then quantitative data as well as qualitative are delivered
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Nilsen, Vidar K. „Integration of software tools to aid the implementation of a DFM strategy“. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15530.
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This thesis reports on the design and operation of three software tools that have been developed to integrate commercial analysis packages into an existing TCAD framework. FASTT (Factory Simulation in Total TCAD) and CASTT (Cost AnalysiS in Total TCAD) automate the creation, simulation and extraction of results of factory and cost of ownership models respectively, whilst MASTT (MAnufacturing execution System in Total TCAD) ensures that up-to-date modelling data is readily available. Together they enable faster and simpler analysis of manufacturing issues than is the case with traditional model building techniques. This enhances the existing development tool set and for the first time allows manufacturing analysis to become a routine part of process development. The thesis introduces the background associated with process development, the existing tool-set and the packages integrated by FASTT, CASTT and MASTT. Examples are used to illustrate the ease of use of the software tools and to highlight their potential. These include: the use of FASTT to identify potential production bottlenecks and capacity; identifying low cost production for a range of potential process options using CASTT; cycle time, throughput and cost of ownership analysis using both FASTT and CASTT to highlight the manufacturing differences of alternative dielectric process steps and finally, the role of MASTT during TCAD analysis to identify corrective processing after wafers have received an incorrect implant.
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Savi, Antonio Francisco. „Modelo de sistema para gerenciamento de conhecimentos explícitos em abordagens de DFA (Design for Assembly)“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18135/tde-13012011-142123/.
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Uma importante fonte de vantagem competitiva para muitas empresas é a capacidade de criar projetos de produtos compostos por um número pequeno de partes e de fácil montagem sem deixar de atender às expectativas do consumidor, denominada abordagem DFA - Design For Assembly (Projeto para Montagem). Para o reprojeto ou para reduzir o custo do projeto de novos produtos com esse foco, é necessário obter informações que podem estar muitas vezes armazenadas em locais de difícil acesso e nas mais variadas formas de repositórios do conhecimento. Uma maneira de obter essas informações é criar uma classe sistema, chamada peer-to-peer, que permite a sincronização e compartilhamento desses documentos entre cada local espalhado numa rede. Esse tipo de sistema busca a descentralização das informações, ou seja, estas ficam espalhadas pela rede (interna ou externa) com a vantagem de que cada organização poderá manter sob sua \"guarda\" as informações sem nunca dispô-las em servidores de terceiros e estas poderão chegar automaticamente até os usuários por meio de transações XML. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver uma ferramenta de auxílio à gestão do conhecimento que atue na geração, codificação e transferência do conhecimento sobre técnicas DFA. A avaliação de soluções existentes foi utilizada como metodologia para propor um modelo teórico que especifica o desenvolvimento do sistema. Pode-se concluir que esse tipo de sistema fornece aos participantes meios de coleta de informações mais eficazes, já que informações sobre DFA podem ser consultadas.An important source of competitive advantages for many organizations worldwide is the capacity to create projects for products consisting of a small number of parts of easy assemblage, nonetheless attending to the consumers\' expectations, named DFA approach - Design for Assembly. In order to re-project or decrease the expenses caused by designing new products aimed at such, it is necessary to retrieve information data which might be stored in inaccessible places and in a large variety of knowledge repositories. A way of retrieving this data is the creation of a system class, called peer-to-peer, which allows these documents to be synchronized and shared among terminals connected to a network. This system aims at decentralizing data, that is, they are spread throughout the network (internal or external) with the advantage that each company may protect the information by not making it available in computers belonging to third parties. Moreover, this information can automatically reach users by means of XML transactions. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a tool to help knowledge management work in generating, codifying and transferring knowledge concerning DFA techniques. The assessment of available solutions was used as a method to propose a theoretical model which pinpoints the system development. It can be concluded that this type of system provides the users with means to collect data more efficiently, since DFA data may be accessed.
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Andersson, Frida, und Astrid Hagqvist. „Konstruktion för tillverkning av strukturdelar i komposit : En DFM-strategi för SAAB Aerostructures“. Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell Produktion, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-100955.
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På SAAB Aerostructures i Linköping utvecklas och tillverkas delsystem, så som dörrar och skevroder, till kommersiella flygplan åt framförallt Boeing och Airbus. Inom flygindustrin går utvecklingen mot en större användning av kompositmaterial i denna typ av strukturer. För att befästa sin position på marknaden och bygga kunskap kring konstruktion i och tillverkning av kompositmaterial har SAAB startat ett forskningsprojekt kallat GF Demo. Projektet syftar till att ta fram nästa generations kompositstrukturer för civilflygplan, samt att utveckla effektiva produktionsprocesser för detta. En utmaning med konstruktioner i kompositmaterial är den dyra och komplexa tillverkningsprocessen. För att skapa möjlighet för effektiv tillverkning måste konstruktionerna anpassas efter produktionstekniska krav tidigt i utvecklingsarbetet. Syftet med detta arbete är att utveckla en strategi för hur SAAB ska lyckas med detta. Arbetet har fokuserat på large cargo door till Boeings Dreamliner som är ett av de delsystem som ingår i GF Demo. SAAB har som målsättning att fördubbla takten i tillverkningen av dessa dörrar, för att uppnå målet måste konstruktionen utvecklas för att passa tillverkningen. Ett sätt att skapa roduktionsanpassade konstruktioner är att arbeta med DFM. Genom att undersöka kommersiella DFM-metoder och hur andra företag arbetar med dessa frågor har en strategi anpassad efter företagets förutsättningar utvecklats. Den benchmarking och litteraturstudie som genomfördes visade på ett antal faktorer som skapar förutsättningar för ett lyckat arbete med DFM. De viktigaste faktorerna är att arbetet är förankrat i hela organisationen och att det finns väldefinierade mål med arbetet samt en tydlig ansvarsfördelning. För att kunna identifiera vilka specifika utmaningar som finns på SAAB har anställda på företaget intervjuats. De utmaningar som identifierats är framförallt tillverkningen av kompositartiklar, granskningar av konstruktioner utifrån produktionstekniska förutsättningar samt rutiner vid konceptval. Utifrån detta har en strategi utformats som hanterar främst dessa utmaningar och på lång sikt säkrar att de viktigaste framgångsfaktorerna realiseras på SAAB. En del av strategin är ett verktyg som konstruktörerna kan använda i sitt dagliga arbete för att underlätta utvecklingen av tillverkningsvänliga konstruktioner. Den framtagna strategin inbegriper organisatoriska, taktiska och strategiska förändringar. Den är utformad för att möta problematiken kring framförallt kompositartiklar och tillverkningen av dessa. Strategin innehåller moment från kommersiella produktutvecklings- och DFM-metoder som har anpassats efter de förutsättningar som finns på SAAB. Att arbeta strukturerat med DFM bidrar till en effektivare produktutvecklingsprocess och utveckling av konstruktioner anpassade för tillverkningsprocessen.