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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Diagnostic des causes“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Diagnostic des causes"
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Bigliardi, Paul L. „Prurit : causes, diagnostic et traitement“. Revue Médicale Suisse 2, Nr. 63 (2006): 1115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.53738/revmed.2006.2.63.1115.
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Petković, Z., und M. Mirković. „GOUT - DIAGNOSTIC DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPY THERAPY - case raport“. Praxis medica 34, Nr. 2 (01.12.2006): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.70949/pramed200602164p.
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<p>Gout is a metabolic arthropathy caused by abnormal deposition of crystal histological they are urats (salts) of mononatrium in the joints and periatricular connective tissue. In 70% cases, decreased renal function in urats&rsquo;excretion is responsible for hyperuricaemya. The other causes are mostly metabolic: increased (take in) of food wich contains mostly meat (purins) and increased synthesis of purin due to defective enzyme system (i.e. Lesch-Nyhan Sy)</p>
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Osipov, A. I., Yu N. Bunin, S. Yu Kladov, A. S. Sokolov und A. D. Shnayder. „Causes of diagnostic pitfalls upon analysis results of «physicians’ causes»“. Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 2, Nr. 2 (30.06.2003): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2003-2-56-61.
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130 criminal and civil cases had been maintained against physicians in Tomsk region within 1996—2002. There were pitfalls in diagnoses and wrong medical aid in 59 (45,4%) cases. Across diagnostic pitfalls, such as incomplete examination of patients, incomplete registration of laboratory results etc., there were methodological errors. It is known that diagnosis process proceeds in hypothesis form at all stages. While obtaining the history a physician is guided by suppositions arising during inquiring a patient. These suppositions are later verified in the process of an objective examination of the patient. Therefore the most frequent reasons of medical errors are the final diagnosis on the basis of the history and physicians’ inability to use the diagnostic suppositions while diagnosing at all stages. The majority of pitfalls has been made in diagnoses of appendicitis, stomach and duodenum perforated ulcer.
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Prada, C. E., Y. A. Zarate und R. J. Hopkin. „Genetic Causes of Macroglossia: Diagnostic Approach“. PEDIATRICS 129, Nr. 2 (16.01.2012): e431-e437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-1732.
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Miller, Paul R. „Inpatient diagnostic assessments: 3. Causes and effects of diagnostic imprecision“. Psychiatry Research 111, Nr. 2-3 (August 2002): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1781(02)00147-6.
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Myakisheva, T. V., und O. P. Idobaeva. „TUBERCULOSIS OR CANCER: CAUSES OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTIC ERRORS“. Вестник ЦНИИТ 7, Nr. 4 (2023): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.57014/2587-6678-2023-7-4-39-45.
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We carried out an analysis of differential diagnostic errors among patients with cancer diagnosed in TB institutions in Smolensk region in 2017–2021. Delayed diagnostics of tumors in the lungs or pleura was revealed. The causes of overdiagnosis of TB in patients with malignant tumors were as follows: the similarity of clinical and radiological signs of the diseases, the similarity of laboratory test results, false positive results of M. tuberculosis detection in sputum, lack of the recombinant tuberculosis allergen (RTA) test, misinterpretation of radiological data. In indeterminate cases it is vital to verify the diagnosis as soon as possible by performing biopsy from the pathological site.
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Demikhova, O. V., N. L. Karpina, L. N. Lepekha, M. A. Bagirov und R. B. Amansakhedov. „OPTIMISATION OF DIAGNOSTICS AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTICS DISSEMINATED PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS“. Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences 67, Nr. 11 (10.11.2012): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vramn.v67i11.466.
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One of the reasons of dramatic situation with tuberculosis in Russia is untimely diagnostics of tuberculosis. The aim of the study was to identify the causes of diagnostic mistakes when we deal with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis at current stage and to modernize the diagnostic process. The analysis of the diagnostic activity of the consultative diagnostic center of Central Tuberculosis Research Institute of Russian Academy Medical Sciences for 2011 was performed with special attention on the results of the survey of 505 patients with pulmonary dissemination. The frequency of discrepancies of disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis diagnostics was 96,1%. Based on the studies carried out the main causes diagnostic mistakes in patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis were determined. New directions of improving of tuberculosis diagnostics were developed: overall high-technology examination of patient, adherence to the diagnostic procedure, developed by consultative diagnostic center of Central Tuberculosis Research Institute(CTRI), timely performing fiber-optic bronchoscopy with complex biopsy and diagnostic surgery procedures, further training of primary health care doctors. Implementation of proposed activities will significantly (by 3–5 times) reduce the time for diagnostics of respiratory system disease.
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Jakubowicz, Oliwia, Magdalena Łuczkowska, Ryszard Żaba und Zygmunt Adamski. „Tinea cutis glabrae: causes of diagnostic challenge“. Advances in Dermatology and Allergology 6 (2014): 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/pdia.2014.40950.
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Ilenkova, N. A. „Cough in children: causes, diagnostic approaches, treatment“. Pediatrics (Suppl. Consilium Medicum), Nr. 1 (2018): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/2413-8460_2018.1.57-62.
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Tomar, Dr Surabhi, Dr Meenal Parmar und Dr Aritra Pradhan. „Causes of female infertility by Diagnostic Laproscopy“. International Journal of Medical Research and Review 2, Nr. 6 (31.12.2014): 561–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17511/ijmrr.2014.i06.09.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Diagnostic des causes"
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Wons, Jonathan. „Alzheimer's disease--causes, risks, and diagnostic techniques“. Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12681.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University
PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.Alzheimer's disease is the most significant cause of dementia in the elderly population. The rapid cognitive decline characteristic of this illness, coupled with the lack of a cure and a projected doubling of incidence within the next half century, has placed an impetus on research that focuses on developing early diagnostic tools. Earlier detection during the course of the disease may allow opportunities for the development of preventative and/or pharmaceutical measures that can possibly attenuate the progression or even prevent disease pathology for occurring. This paper outlines the current knowledge on the causes and diagnosis of AD in order to ascertain the most effective protocol for identifying pre-symptomatic individuals with the disease. One such method is to first select those at the highest risk of developing AD, and then performing periodic neuroimaging and cognitive assessments to ascertain the earliest manifestation. High-risk individuals include those with a family history of AD and/or other neurodegenerative disorders, in addition to those who already exhibit genetic markers for the disease, such as the Apolipoprotein Eε4 allele and the mutated protein Tau. Subjects who present with increased levels of cardiovascular risk factors for stroke, particularly hypertension and diabetes, are also at high risk for developing vascular dementia, which is another significant cause of AD. Disease incidence increases exponentially with advancing age. Consequently, individuals past the age of 65 who possess any combination of the above risk factors fall within the highest risk group. Advances in neuroimaging techniques and technology, like Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), have allowed researchers to pinpoint the earliest pathological characteristics of AD, which includes cortical degeneration, amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. However, notwithstanding the recent discovery of the Pittsburg Compound B tracer used in PET, AD diagnosis via neuroimaging remains possible only when the pathological features are already present. Neuropsychological assessments, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination, are frequently used to assess the cognitive decline of patients with AD. Recent enhancements within the scoring of these tests, which has allowed for the incorporation of qualitative data, has given fruitful results and hopeful directions for diagnosing AD before pathogenesis occurs. However, due to the failure of clinical trials in discovering a cure, continued research into the realms of diagnosis and prevention of AD is of paramount importance in order to combat the impending epidemic.
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ECUER, JEAN-MICHEL. „Causes d'erreurs de diagnostic en medecine generale : enquete aupres de 20 medecins generalistes“. Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE6001.
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Zhang, Mei. „Diagnostic de panne et analyse des causes profondes du système dynamique inversible“. Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30260/document.
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Beaucoup de services vitaux de la vie quotidienne dépendent de systèmes d'ingénierie hautement complexes et interconnectés; Ces systèmes sont constitués d'un grand nombre de capteurs interconnectés, d'actionneurs et de composants du système. L'étude des systèmes interconnectés joue un rôle important dans l'étude de la fiabilité des systèmes dynamiques; car elle permet d'étudier les propriétés d'un système interconnecté en analysant ses sous-composants moins complexes. Le diagnostic des pannes est essentiel pour assurer des opérations sûres et fiables des systèmes de contrôle interconnectés. Dans toutes les situations, le système global et / ou chaque sous-système peuvent être analysés à différents niveaux pour déterminer la fiabilité du système global. Dans certains cas, il est important de déterminer les informations anormales des variables internes du sous-système local, car ce sont les causes qui contribuent au fonctionnement anormal du processus global. Cette thèse porte sur les défis de l'application de la théorie inverse du système et des techniques FDD basées sur des modèles pour traiter le problème articulaire du diagnostic des fautes et de l'analyse des causes racines (FD et RCA). Nous étudions ensuite le problème de l'inversibilité de la gauche, de l'observabilité et de la diagnosticabilité des fauts du système interconnecté, formant un algorithme FD et RCA multi-niveaux basé sur un modèle. Ce système de diagnostic permet aux composants individuels de surveiller la dynamique interne localement afin d'améliorer l'efficacité du système et de diagnostiquer des ressources de fautes potentielles pour localiser un dysfonctionnement lorsque les performances du système global se dégradent. Par conséquent, un moyen d'une combinaison d'intelligence locale avec une capacité de diagnostic plus avancée pour effectuer des fonctions FDD à différents niveaux du système est fourni. En conséquence, on peut s'attendre à une amélioration de la localisation des fauts et à de meilleurs moyens de maintenance prédictive. La nouvelle structure du système, ainsi que l'algorithme de diagnostic des fautes, met l'accent sur l'importance de la RCA de défaut des dispositifs de terrain, ainsi que sur l'influence de la dynamique interne locale sur la dynamique globale. Les contributions de cette thèse sont les suivantes: Tout d'abord, nous proposons une structure de système non linéaire interconnecté inversible qui garantit le fauts dans le sous-système de périphérique de terrain affecte la sortie mesurée du système global de manière unique et distincte. Une condition nécessaire et suffisante est développée pour assurer l'inversibilité du système interconnecté qui nécessite l'inversibilité de sous-systèmes individuels. Deuxièmement, un observateur interconnecté à deux niveaux est développé; Il se compose de deux estimateurs d'état, vise à fournir des estimations précises des états de chaque sous-système, ainsi que l'interconnexion inconnue. En outre, il fournira également une condition initiale pour le reconstructeur de données et le filtre de fauts local une fois que la procédure FD et RCA est déclenchée par tout fauts. D'une part, la mesure utilisée dans l'estimateur de l'ancien sous-système est supposée non accessible; La solution est de la remplacer par l'estimation fournie par l'estimateur de ce dernier sous-systèmeMany of the vital services of everyday life depend on highly complex and interconnected engineering systems; these systems consist of large number of interconnected sensors, actuators and system components. The study of interconnected systems plays a significant role in the study of reliability theory of dynamic systems, as it allows one to investigate the properties of an interconnected system by analyzing its less complicated subcomponents. Fault diagnosis is crucial in achieving safe and reliable operations of interconnected control systems. In all situations, the global system and/or each subsystem can be analyzed at different levels in investigating the reliability of the overall system; where different levels mean from system level down to the subcomponent level. In some cases, it is important to determine the abnormal information of the internal variables of local subsystem, in order to isolate the causes that contribute to the anomalous operation of the overall process. For example, if a certain fault appears in an actuator, the origin of that malfunction can have different causes: zero deviation, leakage, clogging etc. These origins can be represented as root cause of an actuator fault. This thesis concerns with the challenges of applying system inverse theory and model based FDD techniques to handle the joint problem of fault diagnosis & root cause analysis (FD & RCA) locally and performance monitoring globally. By considering actuator as individual dynamic subsystem connected with process dynamic subsystem in cascade, we propose an interconnected nonlinear system structure. We then investigate the problem of left invertibility, fault observability and fault diagnosability of the interconnected system, forming a novel model based multilevel FD & RCA algorithm. This diagnostic algorithm enables individual component to monitor internal dynamics locally to improve plant efficiency and diagnose potential fault resources to locate malfunction when operation performance of global system degrades. Hence, a means of acombination of local intelligence with a more advanceddiagnostic capability (combining fault monitoring anddiagnosis at both local and global levels) to performFDDfunctions on different levels of the plantis provided. As a result, improved fault localization and better predictive maintenance aids can be expected. The new system structure, together with the fault diagnosis algorithm, is the first to emphasize the importance of fault RCA of field devices, as well as the influences of local internal dynamics on the global dynamics. The developed model based multi-level FD & RCA algorithm is then a first effort to combine the strength of the system level model based fault diagnosis with the component level model based fault diagnosis. The contributions of this thesis include the following: Firstly, we propose a left invertible interconnected nonlinear system structure which guarantees that fault occurred in field device subsystem will affect the measured output of the global system uniquely and distinguishably. A necessary and sufficient condition is developed to ensure invertibility of the interconnected system which requires invertibility of individual subsystems. Second, a two level interconnected observer is developed which consists of two state estimators, aims at providing accurately estimates of states of each subsystem, as well as the unknown interconnection. In addition, it will also provide initial condition for the input reconstructor and local fault filter once FD & RCA procedure is triggered by any fault. Two underlyingissues are worth to be highlighted: for one hand, the measurement used in the estimator of the former subsystem is assumed not accessible; the solution is to replace it by the estimate provided by the estimator of the latter subsystem. In fact, this unknown output is the unknown interconnection of the interconnected system, and also the input of the latter subsystem
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Jiang, Wenxuan. „A Diagnostic Tool for the Causes of Packet Corruption in Wireless Sensor Networks“. Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informations- och kommunikationssystem, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-26268.
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The two main causes of packet corruption in wireless sensor network are multipath fading and WiFi interference. Identifying the cause of the corruption can be used to improve the reliability of the transmission. If the corruption is caused by WiFi interference, the network could change the channel to a free one. If it is caused by multipath fading, the network could reroute the traffic away from the obstacles or shorten the distance. This project proposes a new method of corruption-causes-identification for the two causes mentioned. It is an immediate online diagnostic tool for IEEE 802.15.4 packets with a retransmission mechanism. It provides a statistical boundary with a processed deviation of RSSI value and the frame symbol error rate, and also a rechecking mechanism to check the decisions. In this model, the deviation of RSSI value is measured by the estimated RSSI value of correct packets and the current detected RSSI value. The benefit of the deviation design is that the statistical model hardly needs to retrain and correct the parameters in different transmission environments. The project also discusses two rechecking mechanism methods, one employs an individual secondary classification with its own characters; the other combines the neighbor packets' features to smooththe probable errors. To investigate the performance of the "frame symbol errorrate and deviation of RSSI values"-based diagnostic tool, the evaluation parts provide a comparison of different length packets. The conclusion is that this diagnostic tool provides a correct judgment of the accuracy of packet corruption caused by multipath fading up to 98.70%, and an accuracy of up to 92.99% for the WiFi-interferenced packet corruption.
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Wallon, David. „Phénotypes de la maladie d'Alzheimer génétiquement déterminée et identification de nouvelles causes“. Rouen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ROUENR01.
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Notre objectif a été d'étudier les phénotypes et les anomalies génétiques rencontrés dans la maladie d'Alzheimer (MA) à début précoce. La répartition des anomalies génétiques responsables des formes autosomiques dominantes de MA était : 51 % pour PSENT, 6 % pour PSEN2, 11 % de,mutations APP et 9 % de duplications d'APP. Les bornes et moyennes (m) d'âge de début étaient respectivement : [24-63 ans] (m=43,6) ; [53-69] (m=55,9) ; [35-61] (m=50,8) et [41-65] (m=51,3). La présentation amnésique était l'expression clinique majoritaire (82 %) mais dans 18 % des cas, le phénotype était atypique. Parmi les porteurs de mutations de PSENT étaient observés une paraparésie spastique (14,8 %], un variant frontal (10,8 %), une ataxie (5,4 %) ou une comitialité précoce (19,6 %]. Cette dernière était plus fréquente dans les duplications d'APP (31,2%). Les biomarqueurs du liquide céphalorachidien (LCR) étaient compatibles avec le diagnostic de MA chez 90 % des patients. En cas de doute clinique, 76,9% des cliniciens suivaient les résultats de ces biomarqueurs. Une limite à cette spécificité a été illustrée en identifiant 2,6% de patients porteurs d'expansions hexanucléotidiques de C90RF72 parmi 114 cas de démence précoce avec biomarqueurs du LCR en faveur d'une MA. Selon notre algorithme, 18 % des cas précoces familiaux (âge de début avant 65 ans) et 14 % des cas sporadiques (âge de début avant 50 ans) ont été attribués au génotype APOE4/E4. Vingt-trois pourcent des 168 cas familiaux et 66 % des 81 cas sporadiques restaient négatifs pour les 3 gènes. Ils ont donc été inclus dans une stratégie de recherche pangénomique. Quatre cas familiaux et 3 cas sporadiques ont été associés à des variations du nombre de copies de plusieurs gènes impliqués dans la voie amyloïde. Par séquençage à haut débit de l'exome, 7 parmi 29 cas familiaux non apparentés ont été identifiés porteurs de mutations du gène SORL1. Quatorze cas sporadiques avec prélèvements des 2 parents indemnes, ont conduit à identifier des mutations de novo de plusieurs gènes liés au processus amyloïde ou à la protéine-Tau. Des tests fonctionnels et des analyses ciblées par de larges études cas-témoins sont en cours avant d'envisager de proposer ces gènes au diagnostic moléculaireOur objective was to study the phenotypes and genetic abnormalities related to early-onset Alzheimer Disease. The proportion of mutations leading to an autosomal dominant inheritance was: 51% for PSENT, 6% for PSEN2, 11% of APP mutations and 9% of APP duplications. The limits and means (m) of the age of onset were respectively: [24-63 years] (m=43. 6); [53-69] (m=55. 9); [35-61] (m=50. 8) and [41-65] (m=51. 3). Classical AD was the main phenotype (82%) but in 18% of cases, the phenotype was atypical Among patients harboring PSEN1 mutations, we described spastic paraplegia (14. 8%), frontal variant (10. 8%), ataxia (5. 4%) or early seizures (19. 6%). Seizures were more frequent in APP duplications (31. 2%). The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers were indicative of AD in 90% of these patients. In case of discrepancy between clinical and biomarker conclusions, 76. 9% of clinicians changed their final diagnosis according to the CSF biomarkers. However, a limit of these biomarkers was illustrated since we found 2. 6% of patients harboring a hexanucleotidic expansion of C90RF72 among 114 patients with early onset dementia and CSF biomarkers indicative of AD. According to our algorithm, 18% of familial EOAD cases (age of onset (A00) before 65 years) and 14% of sporadic cases (MO before 50 years) were related to an APOE4/E4 genotype. Twenty-three percent of 168 families and 66% of 81 sporadic cases remained negative for these 3 genes and were enrolled in a pangenomic research program. Four familial and 3 sporadic cases were reported harboring copy number variants of several new genes involved in the amyloid cascade. Using next generation sequencing, 7 out of 29 unrelated familial cases harbored mutations of SORL1. Fourteen sporadic cases with combined analyses of their healthy parents allowed us to discover de novo mutations in genes related to amyloid or Tau-protein. Functional tests and large case-control studies are in progress in order to propose these genes to molecular diagnosis
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Cammisano, Dominic. „Développement d'un outil de diagnostic et de confirmation des causes de détérioration des chaussées flexibles“. Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2007. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/563/1/CAMMISANO_Dominic.pdf.
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Dans tous les cas, les routes se dégradent à cause du trafic et du climat. Cet ouvrage est consacré exclusivement à l'étape du diagnostic des causes et aux choix des essais qui permettront d'affirmer leur présence ou pas. L'outil de diagnostic ainsi développé permet l'affirmation des causes spécifiques, qui ont engendré les défauts de surface, par l'exécution d'essais destinés à caractériser la structure subissant le mécanisme de dégradation L'approche systémique du diagnostic proposé par l'outil assure l'impartialité des résultas obtenus par l'analyse des dégradations en surface, des caractéristiques structurales, de la nature du sol support et du trafic. Dans le but de regrouper l'importante quantité d'informations contenues dans la littérature sur les causes, les défauts et les essais en un outil complet, la notion de famille a été utilisée afin de ramifier les liens entre les trois catégories. La méthode choisie permet l'affirmation automatique de la présence d'une cause dans une structure et élimine les points de vue divergents concernant la source d'un symptôme observé à la surface du tronçon routier diagnostiqué.
Mots-clés: chaussée, flexible, défaut, cause, essai, diagnostic, outil.
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Cammisano, Dominic. „Développement d'un outil de diagnostic et de confirmation des causes de détérioration des chaussées flexibles /“. Thèse, Montréal : École de technologie supérieure, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1456291821&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=46962&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thèse (M.Ing.) -- École de technologie supérieure, 2007."Mémoire présenté à l'École de technologie supérieure comme exigence partielle à l'obtention de la maîtrise en génie de la construction." "par Cammisano, Dominic" -- p. de t. CaQMUQET CaQMUQET Bibliogr : f. [168]-176. Également disponible en version électronique. CaQMUQET
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Azarian, Armin. „Contribution au diagnostic automatique des défaillances, des causes et des effets, application au domaine automobile“. Paris, ENSAM, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENAM0029.
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Cette thèse explore le domaine du diagnostic appliqué à l’automobile basé sur le produit SIDIS Enterprise développé par Siemens AG. Au début, une analyse est conduite de l’importance du réseau après-vente pour les constructeurs et leurs places dans la chaine de valeur de l’automobile ainsi que les contraintes industrielles des outils d’aide au diagnostic. L’une d’elle est de limiter le coût de développement des modèles pour le diagnostic. De plus, une analyse approfondie démontre que la part des composants électroniques et des pannes d’origine électronique des véhicules à tendance à augmenter tout en complexifiant la localisation de leurs origines. Le besoin d’un outil moderne pour les constructeurs est essentiel pour la satisfaction client et pour l’image de marque. Ces travaux ont conduit au développement d’une plateforme modulaire pour le diagnostic composée : d’un module de recherche des symptômes, un système automatisé d’échange de fichier ODX, une méthode de diagnostic hybride et d’un moteur d’évaluation du retour d’expérience. Le premier module est dédié à l’interprétation et au mappage de la description des symptômes en langage naturel. Le second module permet aux auteurs des bases de données et des connaissances d’importer automatiquement les fichiers de descriptions des calculateurs électroniques. Les deux derniers sont dédiés à un algorithme de diagnostic qui combine les différentes sources de connaissances et bénéficie du retour d’expérience pour compléter automatiquement les modèles. Ces modules contribuent à l���objectif de réduction des coûts de développements des modèles pour le diagnostic et diminue significativement l’orbite des sessions de diagnostic guidéThis dissertation explores the field of diagnosis applied to the automotive industry based on SIDIS Enterprise developed by Siemens AG. At the beginning we analyzed the importance of the after-sale world for car manufacturers and in the automotive value chain, as well as the requirements of manufacturers for computer assisted diagnostic tools. One important requirement for manufacturers was to limit the post development cost of models for the diagnosis. Furthermore, the analysis shows that electronic failures increase as well as electronic equipment with the consequences that the failure localization becomes more and more complex. The need for computer assisted tools for car manufacturers was therefore essential in order to save time for the fault localization, for the client’s satisfaction, and for the image of the brand. This thesis leads to a global modular framework for automotive diagnosis composed by: a perceived symptom search engine, an automatic ODX exchange system, a hybrid heuristic and model based diagnostic strategy, a feedback engine. The first module is concerned with the interpretation and mapping of qualitative failure descriptions in natural language. The second module allows authors of the database and knowledge network to automatically import Electronic Control Units description files. The last ones are concerned with the development of a diagnosis algorithm, which combines all different knowledge sources and benefits from the return of experience for the auto completion of the models. All these modules contribute to the overall reduction of the costs of models for the diagnosis
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Geimanaitė, Lina. „Evaluation of the causes, diagnostic criteria, surgical treatment and follow-up results of ovarian torsion in children“. Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20121227_090833-66148.
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Ovarian torsion is a rare children’s acute abdominal disease which is difficult to diagnose and there is no consensus among scientists how to treat it. This is the first scientific research in Lithuania which analyses causes, optimal diagnostic criteria, the strategy, methods of surgical treatment and follow-up results of ovarian torsion in children. This is the largest research of the follow-up results of the conservative surgical treatment in the world. It was identified during the research that as many as 54.7% of the causes of ovarian torsion were congenital anatomical. In the case of 45.3% of the patients ovarian torsion was caused by pathological derivatives. In patients before menarche there were statistically significantly more mature teratomas (p=0.03). No specific symptoms of ovarian torsion in children were identified. Prior to the surgery, ultrasonography showed that the twisted ovary was on average 21.48 (17.06) times larger than the healthy ovary. Leukocytosis and ovarian blood flow disorders were statistically significantly more common in the case of ovarectomy. None of the girls who underwent detorsion with the ovary left in the abdominal cavity had thromboembolism or peritonitis; no malignant tumour was detected in any girl. According to the histopathological findings, no necrosis was detected in 14 (82.35%) removed ovaries, therefore they could be salvaged. Normal ovarian anatomy and folliculogenesis were retained in 95.24% of girls and women who were... [to full text]Kiaušidžių užsisukimas – reta ūminė vaikų pilvo organų liga, kurios diagnostika sudėtinga, o dėl gydymo mokslininkai vis dar nesutaria. Tai pirmasis Lietuvoje mokslinis tyrimas, analizuojantis vaikų kiaušidžių užsisukimo priežastis, optimalius diagnostikos kriterijus, chirurginio gydymo taktiką ir metodus bei atokiuosius rezultatus. Šis atokiųjų konservatyvaus chirurginio gydymo rezultatų tyrimas yra didžiausias pasaulyje. Darbe nustatyta, kad 54,7 % kiaušidės užsisukimo priežasčių buvo įgimtos anatominės; 45,3 % ligonių kiaušidė užsisuko dėl patologinių darinių. Ligonėms iki menarchės statistiškai patikimai dažniau rasta brandžių teratomų (p=0,03). Specifinių vaikų kiaušidės užsisukimo simptomų ir požymių nenustatyta. Iki operacijos, tiriant echoskopu, užsisukusi kiaušidė buvo didesnė nei sveikoji vidutiniškai 21,48 (17,06) karto. Leukocitozė ir kiaušidės kraujotakos sutrikimai statistiškai patikimai dažnesni mergaitėms, kurioms kiaušidė pašalinta. Nė vienai mergaitei, kuriai kiaušidė buvo atsukta ir palikta pilvo ertmėje, nebuvo trombembolijos ir peritonito, nė vienai nerasta piktybinio naviko. Remiantis patologijos histologijos tyrimais, nustatyta, kad 14-oje (82,35 %) pašalintų kiaušidžių nekrozės ir patologinių darinių nebuvo, todėl jos galėjo būti išsaugotos. Patikrintų 95,24 % mergaičių ir moterų atsuktos kiaušidės anatomija ir folikulogenezė išliko normali.
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Le, Viet Nhiem. „Investigation of rickettsioses and other causes of acute undifferenciated fever in Vietnam“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0664/document.
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Les infections rickettsiales et la fièvre aiguë indifférenciée (FAI) sont des problèmes de santé publique importants sous les tropiques. Ce projet a été réalisé dans le but d'explorer les agents de rickettsies et autres étiologies de la FAI au Vietnam.Dans la première cohorte de 67 participants se concentrant sur les patients cliniquement suspectés de typhus des broussailles, le diagnostic de typhus des broussailles a été confirmé pour 32 patients (47,8%) par qPCR ou IFA. Parmi les 20 patients pour lesquels des escarres et du sang total ont été obtenus, 17 (85%) des échantillons d'escarre et 5 (25%) des échantillons de sang total étaient positifs pour O. tsutsugamushi par qPCR. L'analyse génétique des séquences du gène TSA 56-kDa a démontré que les 14 séquences étaient apparentées à 4 génotypes: Karp, Kawasaki, Gilliam (JG-v et TG-v) et TA716. Ensuite, une analyse prospective des étiologies de la FAI au Vietnam a été réalisée avec 378 patients adultes fébriles (FAIs) et 384 patients adultes fébriles (Contrôles). L'étiologie la plus courante était le virus de la grippe (20,9% dans les FAIs versus 0% dans les Contrôles), suivi des rickettsies (11,11% vs 0,26%), virus de la dengue (7,67% vs 0,52%), Leptospira (4,76% vs 0,78%), adénovirus (4,76% vs 1,04%) et entérovirus (2,12% vs 0%) (p<0,05).Par conséquent, de telles données sur les rickettsies et autres étiologies obtenues au Vietnam pourraient être très utiles pour l’établissement d’une méthode d’approche pour les patients atteints de FAI dans les aspects de diagnostic, de gestion et de prévention au Vietnam et dans les régions tropicales dans l'avenirRickettsial infections and acute undifferentiated fever (AUF) are the important public health issues in the tropics. This project was performed with the aim to explore the rickettsial agents and other etiologies of AUF in Vietnam. In the first 67-participant cohort of patients who were clinically suspected of having scrub typhus, 32 (47.8%) patients were confirmed as scrub typhus by either qPCR or IFA. Among the 20 patients for whom both eschar and whole blood were obtained, 17 (85%) of the eschar specimens and 5 (25%) of the whole blood specimens tested positive for O. tsutsugamushi by qPCR. Genetic analysis of the 56-kDa TSA gene sequences demonstrated that the 14 sequences were related to 4 groups: Karp, Kawasaki, Gilliam (JG-v and TG-v) and TA716.Subsequently, a prospective case-control analysis of the etiologies of AUF in Vietnam was performed. A total of 378 febrile adult patients (AUFs) and 384 afebrile adult patients (Controls) were enrolled. The most common etiology was influenza virus (20.9% in AUFs versus 0% in Controls), followed by rickettsial agents (11.11% in AUFs versus 0.26% in Controls), dengue virus (7.67% vs 0.52%), Leptospira (4.76% vs 0.78%), adenovirus (4.76% vs 1.04%), and enterovirus (2.12% vs 0%) (p<0.05). Consequently, such data of rickettsial agents and other etiologies in Vietnam obtained from this project are extremely useful in guiding the diagnosis, management and preventive-health methods for patients with AUF in the future in Vietnam as well as in the tropics worldwide
Bücher zum Thema "Diagnostic des causes"
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Barbara, Krug Kathrin, Hrsg. Avoiding errors in radiology: Case-based analysis of causes and preventive strategies. Stuttgart: Thieme, 2011.
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Abass, Alavi, Fazekas F und Schmidt Reinhold 1958-, Hrsg. Neuroimaging of normal aging and uncommon causes of dementia. Dordrecht: ICG Publications, 1998.
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Krämer, Jürgen. Intervertebral disk diseases: Causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis. 3. Aufl. Stuttgart: Thieme, 2008.
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Roland, Schleberger, und Hedtmann Achim, Hrsg. Intervertebral disk diseases: Causes, diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis. 2. Aufl. Stuttgart: G. Thieme, 1990.
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Luka, Prokovyev, Hrsg. Diagnosing death: Issues, ethics, and questions in death determinations. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.
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Hughes, Fred. Am I dead: Or do I just feel like it. [S.l.]: Hobbies for Health, LLC, 2007.
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Manuel, Arteaga Juan, Hrsg. Diabetes: Causas, manifestaciones, evolucion, diagnostico, tratamiento, prevencion. Bogota, Colombia: Circulo de Lectores, 2004.
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Belokonev, Vladimir, Sergey Pushkin, Zinaida Kovaleva, Elena Aksenova, Nikolay Abashkin und Dmitriy Scherbakov. Clinical variants of esophageal injuries, diagnostics and treatment methods. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1014664.
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The textbook is devoted to the diagnosis of esophageal injuries and treatment of patients. The article describes the surgical anatomy of the organ, causes of esophageal injuries, classification, diagnostic methods, tactics, describes possible treatment options for patients depending on the clinical picture, technique and volume of operations depending on the developing complications. The paper presents original methods of treatment of the esophagus, methods of management of patients in the postoperative period, treatment of possible complications and their prevention.
Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For doctors-surgeons, clinical residents, postgraduates, undergraduates and teachers of medical universities.
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R, Caplan Louis, und Bogousslavsky Julien, Hrsg. Uncommon causes of stroke. 2. Aufl. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
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Jeremias, Koch, Hrsg. Mental illnesses: Descriptions, causes, and treatments. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Diagnostic des causes"
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McGuffin, P., A. E. Farmer und I. I. Gottesman. „Modern Diagnostic Criteria and Genetic Studies of Schizophrenia“. In Search for the Causes of Schizophrenia, 143–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71765-9_13.
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Sass, H. „The Classification of Schizophrenia in the Different Diagnostic Systems“. In Search for the Causes of Schizophrenia, 19–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71765-9_3.
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McAchran, Sarah E. „Common Causes, Diagnostic Evaluation, and Treatment in Men“. In Pain, 841–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99124-5_179.
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King, Cara R. „Common Causes, Diagnostic Evaluation, and Treatment in Women“. In Pain, 845–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99124-5_180.
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Mann, Lewis, Lisa M. Antes und M. Lee Sanders. „Urine Dipstick: Proteinuria – Causes, Consequences and Diagnostic Approach“. In Urine Tests, 73–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29138-9_5.
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Karakaya, Ali Erdal. „Bronchiectasis in Children“. In Pediatric Chest Infection, 103–12. Istanbul: Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359463.11.
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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is defined as a specific form of chronic, progressive fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unknown cause, primarily affecting older adults, over 50 years of age. Diagnostic criteria includes a distinctive pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) or lung biopsy, in the absence of other known causes of interstitial lung disease such as environmental exposures, medications, or systemic diseases. A detailed differential diagnosis is required with other interstitial lung diseases for an accurate identification.
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Amin, Fakhra, Anas Shamsi, Muhammad Nadeem Asghar, Peerzada Shariq Shaheen Khaki, Mohd Shahnawaz Khan, Shams Tabrez, Syed Kashif Zaidi, Wajihullah Khan und Bilqees Bano. „Alzheimer’s: A Progressive Brain Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention“. In Biological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Advances in Alzheimer's Disease, 31–51. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9636-6_2.
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„Osteoporosis: Other Causes“. In Diagnostic Imaging: Musculoskeletal Non-Traumatic Disease, 1111. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-39252-5.50305-x.
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Weir, Bryce. „Diagnostic Aspects of Sah“. In Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Causes And Cures, 144–76. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195128758.003.0007.
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Abstract Aneurysms are usually diagnosed only after they rupture. Subsequent to this catastrophe, patients generally evidence severe headache of sudden onset, signs of meningeal irritation, and depression of consciousness. Difficulties in diagnosis arise when the ictus is mild and the headache is not typical. Aneurysmal rupture classically causes a violent and sudden headache, worse than any previously experienced, which is followed by depression of consciousness and the development of neck stiffness. This constellation of signs and symptoms is readily diagnosed by most physicians as aneurysmal rupture. Unfortunately, the nature of the headache is highly variable. Although it has a severe character at onset, is continuous, and becomes generalized, the deviations from this pattern are considerable (Table 7-1). In one series of 192 cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), 10% of patients reported no headache, and another 8% reported mild headache, which gradually increased. In another large series, the percentage of patients with headache increased from 66% of those admitted on day O to 77% of those on day 3. The headache of aneurysmal rupture is set apart from other headaches in severity and suddenness of onset, which can cause patients to scream with pain and alarm.3 The elicitation of associated symptoms, the past medical history, and confirmatory physical, laboratory, and radiologic findings are helpful in making the diagnosis.
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Fairweather, Robert. „Hereditary and Acquired Causes of a Hypercoagulable State“. In Diagnostic Pathology, 717–38. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b13994-34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Diagnostic des causes"
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Onda, K., Y. Katoh, K. Shibata, K. Matsumoto und T. Shinogaya. „Intelligent Diagnostic System for Surface Condenser Tube Failure in Power Plant“. In CORROSION 1990, 1–12. NACE International, 1990. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1990-90331.
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Copper alloys have been generally used as tubes of surface condensers cooled by sea water in power plants. The copper alloy tubes are protected from corrosion with various methods such as cathodic protection, injection of ferric ion, chlorination, periodic cleaning of tubes, filtration of sea water and limitation of flow rate. Pollutants in sea water and suspending particles also deteriorate the corrosion resistance. Besides corrosion at sea water side, ammonia in steam condensate, liquid impingement and vibration of tubes potentially cause damage at the steam side of tubes. Because of these diversified causes, to identify a cause of a failure and to establish necessary preventive methods require various expertises on corrosion, structures of condensers and water intake systems, operation and sea water treatment.
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Wilkes, J. Fred, und David A. Shifler. „Historical Perspectives of Intergranular Corrosion of Boiler Metal by Water“. In CORROSION 1993, 1–23. NACE International, 1993. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1993-93044.
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Abstract Before the introduction of welded boiler designs, many catastrophic boiler failures were caused by intergranular corrosion (caustic embrittlement) of riveted seams, rolled tube ends, and header tube ligaments. Although use of welded drums eliminated riveted seams, rolled tube ends and tube ligaments still may be subject to intercrystalline cracking. This paper will review research that explored caustic embrittlement causes, contributing factors, diagnostic procedures, and corrective methods. Hydrogen damage of boiler tubes in higher pressure steam generators, beneath localized deposits of corrosion product will be compared with caustic embrittlement failures, and with the less-understood hydrogen embrittlement of boiler metal.
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Herro, H. M. „MIC Myths - Does Pitting Cause MIC?“ In CORROSION 1998, 1–20. NACE International, 1998. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1998-98278.
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Abstract It is widely accepted that sulfate reducers, acid producers, metal oxidizers and certain other bacteria can contribute to corrosion. However, it is far from clear how biological activity influences corrosion processes, how much metal loss is caused by bacteria, and most importantly, how microbial attack can be differentiated from other corrosion mechanisms Confusion between Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) and other corrosion mechanisms is common. Criteria such as pit “tunneling”, “tiger striping”, pit “terracing”, “high” biological counts, tuberculation and preferential weld attack have frequently been used as diagnostic Rosetta stones solely identifying MIC. Unfortunately, many commonly accepted diagnostic criteria are not unique to MIC, but can also result from numerous corrosion processes unrelated to biological activity. Diagnosis of corrosion mechanisms, whether involving MIC or not, requires critical evaluation of all data, a thorough understanding of fundamental corrosion processes and consistency of both phenomenological observations and theoretical information.
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Fairuzov, Yuri, und Victor Fairuzov. „Diagnosis of Internal Corrosion in Pipelines Based on Mapping Adverse Operational Conditions“. In CORROSION 2019, 1–15. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2019-13250.
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Abstract Upstream oil and gas companies operate natural gas and crude oil gathering systems comprising flowline networks and process facilities that transport the produced fluids from the wells to a main processing plant. Increasing frequency of corrosion related leaks is a common problem facing oil and gas producers, despite that a corrosion inhibitor is injected into the flowlines. Root-cause analyses conducted by several companies in both conventional and unconventional fields revealed that severe internal corrosion was caused by a low fluid flow velocity, an increasing water cut, and the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in the production streams. Nevertheless, it was not clear why some of the flowlines leaked (a few lines developed multiple leaks) while others did not leak, despite the composition of produced fluids, principal design parameters (diameter and length), dosage of corrosion inhibitor, and environmental conditions of the flowlines were similar. A diagnostic analysis of flow-induced corrosion in the flowlines was carried out to gain an understanding of different corrosion rates in similar flowlines. The methodology used for the diagnostic analysis comprises 1) Ultra-High Definition simulation of 3-phase or 4-phase flow of gas, oil, water, and solids; 2) 3D imaging of phase distributions inside critical sections of the flowlines as per NACE ICDA methods; 3) mapping adverse operational conditions; and 4) the determination of probability of failure of the flowline sections based on criteria depending on the severity of operating conditions inside and outside the flowlines. It was found that multiple flowline sections were exposed to stagnant water and/or had a fraction of internal surface area covered by a stationary bed of solids (proppant or formation solids produced from the well). The identified causes of potential leaks comprise the following failure mechanisms: a) metal loss caused by colonies of SRB, b) composed load acting on the pipe wall, and c) cyclic" thermal expansion/contraction of the flowlines due to seasonal ambient temperature variations. One of the surprising findings of this study was that a shorter flowline with a lower water cut may have multiple leaks while a longer flowline with a higher water cut may have not a single leak approximately for the same period after commissioning. This result was explained with help of maps of adverse operational conditions constructed for the two groups of flowlines. Immediate corrective mitigation actions and preventive actions were proposed to reduce leak frequency, including the installation of a novel automatic flushing system.
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Tonon, Andrea, Meng Zhang, Bora Caglayan, Fei Shen, Tong Gui, MingXue Wang und Rong Zhou. „RADICE: Causal Graph Based Root Cause Analysis for System Performance Diagnostic“. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER), 465–75. IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/saner64311.2025.00050.
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Stewart, Kelley C., Rahul Kumar, John J. Charonko, Pavlos P. Vlachos und William C. Little. „A Novel Break Point Parameter as a Diagnostic Tool for Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction“. In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192999.
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Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and claims one out of every three deaths in the United States [1]. There is a greater need than ever for more accurate and robust diagnostic tools with the increasing number of deaths caused by this disease. Color M-mode echocardiography is a technique that is commonly used in the diagnosis of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction (LVDD).
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Sasikala, T., B. Swathi, J. Joshua Daniel Raj, G. Shreyas Shetty und Darshan Didagur. „AI-Driven Diagnostic System for Vehicles: Leveraging AI for Accurate and Efficient Automotive Problem Solving“. In Automotive Technical Papers. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2024. https://doi.org/10.4271/2024-01-5225.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Traditional vehicle diagnostics often rely on manual inspections and diagnostic tools, which can be time-consuming, inconsistent, and prone to human error. As vehicle technology evolves, there is a growing need for more efficient and reliable diagnostic methods. This paper introduces an innovative AI-based diagnostic system utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) to provide expert-level analysis and solutions for automotive issues. By inputting various details such as the vehicle’s make, model, year, mileage, problem description, and symptoms, the AI system generates comprehensive diagnostics, identifies potential causes, suggests step-by-step repair solutions, and offers maintenance tips. The proposed system aims to enhance diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, ultimately benefiting mechanics and vehicle owners. The system’s effectiveness is evaluated through various experiments and case studies, showcasing its potential to revolutionize vehicle diagnostics.</div></div>
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Bettocchi, R., P. R. Spina und G. Torella. „Gas Turbine Health Indices Determination by Using Neural Networks“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30276.
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Recently, diagnostic approaches based on Artificial Intelligence have become very attractive. In particular Neural Networks (NNs) seem to have suitable characteristics for gas turbine diagnostics. This paper deals with the activities carried out for: • selecting the most appropriate NN structure for gas turbine diagnostics; • developing a NN for the detection, isolation and assessment of single and combined causes of performance degradation in a two shaft industrial gas turbine; • testing both the NN performance in recognizing causes of performance degradation and robustness in presence of scarce and/or wrong input data. The data used in all these phases in order to train and test the NN have been generated using a non-linear Cycle Program. So, the Cycle Program becomes a data generator, which may be integrated with data derived from field experience, while the diagnostic function is performed by the NN.
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Bidini, Gianni, Francesco Fantozzi und Linda Barelli. „Thermodynamic Diagnosis of a Small Scale Gas Turbine With Neural Networks“. In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/aes-23653.
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Abstract Real time monitoring and the diagnostics of fault critical power plants, such as small scale gas turbine based ones, is proved to increase their availability and rentability. However, the diagnostic tool requires high speed calculators and fast response models to produce time efficient action, therefore encouraging model free application such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) techniques. To this aim, the present paper investigates the performances of an ANN based diagnostic system realized for a small scale commercial gas turbine. After a data harvesting campaign on two existing installations, a diagnostic tool (DT), provided by the gas turbine manufacturer, was operated to produce a sufficient comprehensive diagnostic data base to be used to training and testing the ANN system. The DT system evaluates performance deterioration causes (i.e. compressor fouling) modifying diagnostic parameters, such as efficiencies and combustion parameters, in order to meet data provided by thermodynamic simulation with data gathered on field therefore requiring a relatively high number of input variables (namely 9). The results obtained show good agreement with the ones provided by the DT diagnostic tool with a percentage error not exceeding 4%. Moreover, the ANN model utilized in the diagnosis was implemented considering only 3 input parameters therefore resulting in a less complicated system, not considering the dramatic increase in execution time due to the lack of any iterative calculation. The next step is to extend the monitoring to the overall gas turbine’s components and to integrate the monitoring system with an artificial intelligence based supervising system for diagnostic purposes which derives from ANN outputs damage presence, fault source and evaluation.
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Popenko, Nataliia. „Analysis of Causes of Diagnostic Difficulties and Features of Clinical Course of Pulmonary Embolism“. In ERS International Congress 2020 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.1864.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBerichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Diagnostic des causes"
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Miller, Kaleigh. US Guided Management of Undifferentiated Dyspneic Patient in the ED. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, März 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/com.lsp.2020.0001.
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Intro: Undifferentiated dyspnea can be a complicated presentation muddled by patient comorbidities and similar symptomology shared among etiologies. Some studies have shown increased mortality and length of stay in the hospital when incorrectly initially diagnosed in the ED. US has been shown more effective at differentiating these causes and improves diagnostic accuracy. This study will implement US exam upon initial exam of patient and chart time to diagnosis/treatment, length of stay in ED, length of stay in hospital admissions versus discharge rates, and 30 day mortality. ADHF and COPD/asthma patient differentiation will be the focus. Methods: Prospective cohort study of more than 18 years that present with the primary complaint of dyspnea with more than one complicating comorbid condition. Initial exam by physician will be accompanied by cardiothoracic US previously verified. Results: Study powered by previous year average of time to diagnosis of institution. Patient characteristics, distribution by diagnostic category, and characteristics found on US in correlation with diagnosis will be included for multivariate analysis. Conclusions: We expect to see a singificant difference in our time to diagnosis/treatment and mortality rate.
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George und Hawley. PR-015-11702-R01 Evaluation of Enhanced Diagnostics for Orifice Meters. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), Januar 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010795.
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A large installed base of orifice meters, many installed where newer technology meters are impractical, accounts for a significant fraction of the measured volume of natural gas in the United States. Ultrasonic meters are newer technology meters that provide integrated diagnostics to monitor the meters health and identify flow problems such as distorted velocity profiles and other operational issues. The need exists for similar diagnostics for orifice meters to identify operational causes of measurement errors (and possibly measure their magnitudes), allow users to perform orifice meter maintenance as needed, reduce maintenance costs, and reduce the fiscal impact of significant measurement errors. Research was conducted to identify and recommend candidate technologies for development into practical, cost-effective orifice meter diagnostic tools..
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Padhye, Suyash, Aishwarya Sharma, Hesam Arefkhani, Deepak Benny, Konstantina Gkritza, Samuel Labi und Makarand Hastak. INDOT Project Change Orders: Root Causes and Recommendations. Purdue University, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5703/1288284317747.
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This study analyzed the historical trends in change orders (COs) associated with the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) highway contracts. It also investigated correlations between COs and base factors (district, project type, contract type, award amount, geographical area (rural vs. urban)), and sought to understand the effect of the root causes but not to predict CO based on root causes. Unlike the base factors, the root causes are unknown prior to construction. The study developed models that forecasted CO characteristics—CO likelihood, CO frequency (count), and CO severity (magnitude) and CO impacts (cost overrun and schedule delay). To address these research questions, the study used INDOT’s 2010–2020 highway contract data involving approximately 5,000 contracts worth just over $10B. The CO trends and patterns (including root causes) were analyzed for five project types at the six highway administrative districts in Indiana. The study identified the base factors that generally have higher propensity to experience more frequent and severe COs and analyzed CO impacts on cost and schedule overruns. The results indicated that 65% of the contracts had at least 1 CO; 30% had at least 5 COs; 10% had at least 12 COs; and 4% had over 20 COs. The study also analyzed the CO impacts by the dominant root causes: changed conditions (9,544 COs, $266M); errors and omissions (6,507 COs, $139M); scope changes (2,371 COs, $109M), and final quantity adjustments (cost adjustment) ($193M). The top five root causes of the COs in each district were identified and good practices and guidelines to help mitigate the incidence and severity of change orders were developed. The study’s diagnostic analysis and prediction models are useful in project planning and management because they (a) help identify the factors that impact CO likelihood, count, and monetary severity, and (b) can enable more reliable forecasting of project cost and schedule. Overall, the study results can help INDOT achieve its strategic goal of “on-time and on-budget project delivery.” The effective management of change orders aligns with specific provisions that recur across previous and current federal legislation (the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act), which emphasize efficient project management and adherence to budgets and timelines in infrastructure development.
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Grimley, Hart und Viana. PR-015-07604-R01 Clamp-On Ultrasonic Flow Meters as Diagnostic Tools. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), Juni 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011006.
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Over the past several years, improvements in clamp-on ultrasonic meter technology have caused increased interest in applying this technology within the natural gas industry. Clamp-on ultrasonic meters (CUSMs), which are mounted on the outside of a pipe, send and receive ultrasonic waveforms through the pipe wall. This configuration offers several potential advantages over in-line meters, including portability and the ability to be installed without shutdown and disassembly of the pipeline. CUSMs, like their in-line counterparts, use sophisticated electronics to control the meter operation and to monitor parameters such as transducer signal strength, path velocities, and speed of sound. Because of these features, CUSMs are being considered for their potential as in-situ verification and as diagnostic tools. Having such portable tools to quickly verify meter performance would save considerable time in troubleshooting causes of lost and unaccounted-for (LAUF) gas, thus, minimizing overall LAUF totals. The ability to validate meter performance in-situ would also significantly reduce operating and maintenance costs of metering stations, particularly costs of unnecessary recalibrations. This project specifically addressed the ability of a CUSM to measure distorted profiles with sufficient resolution to determine if the flow is properly conditioned for flow measurement by other meter types. It also addressed the accuracy with which CUSM measurements, performed with sufficient spatial fidelity, can be used to provide a reference flow rate for in-situ meter proving. The test approach was to traverse a single ultrasonic transducer pair around the perimeter of the pipe in sufficiently small increments to measure the flow field at a given pipe cross section independent of the amount of flow distortion present. Velocity profile measurements performed at the same locations were used as an independent check of the CUSMs profile sensitivity.
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Moza, Andreea, Florentina Duica, Panagiotis Antoniadis, Elena Silvia Bernad, Diana Lungeanu, Marius Craina, Brenda Cristiana Bernad et al. Outcome of newborns in case of SARS-CoV-2 vertical infection. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, Dezember 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0093.
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Review question / Objective: To identify the types and examine the range of available evidence of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mother to newborn. To clarify the key concepts and criteria for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 vertical infection in neonates. To summarize the existing evidence and advance the awareness on SARS-CoV-2 vertical infection in pregnancy. Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has been isolated from various tissues and body fluids, including the placenta, amniotic fluid, and umbilical cord of newborns. In the last few years, much scientific effort has been directed towards studying SARS-CoV-2, focusing on the different features of the virus, such as its structure and mechanisms of action. Moreover, much focus has been on developing accurate diagnostic tools and various drugs or vaccines to treat COVID-19.
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Newman-Toker, David E., Susan M. Peterson, Shervin Badihian, Ahmed Hassoon, Najlla Nassery, Donna Parizadeh, Lisa M. Wilson et al. Diagnostic Errors in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Dezember 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer258.
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Objectives. Diagnostic errors are a known patient safety concern across all clinical settings, including the emergency department (ED). We conducted a systematic review to determine the most frequent diseases and clinical presentations associated with diagnostic errors (and resulting harms) in the ED, measure error and harm frequency, as well as assess causal factors. Methods. We searched PubMed®, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL®), and Embase® from January 2000 through September 2021. We included research studies and targeted grey literature reporting diagnostic errors or misdiagnosis-related harms in EDs in the United States or other developed countries with ED care deemed comparable by a technical expert panel. We applied standard definitions for diagnostic errors, misdiagnosis-related harms (adverse events), and serious harms (permanent disability or death). Preventability was determined by original study authors or differences in harms across groups. Two reviewers independently screened search results for eligibility; serially extracted data regarding common diseases, error/harm rates, and causes/risk factors; and independently assessed risk of bias of included studies. We synthesized results for each question and extrapolated U.S. estimates. We present 95 percent confidence intervals (CIs) or plausible range (PR) bounds, as appropriate. Results. We identified 19,127 citations and included 279 studies. The top 15 clinical conditions associated with serious misdiagnosis-related harms (accounting for 68% [95% CI 66 to 71] of serious harms) were (1) stroke, (2) myocardial infarction, (3) aortic aneurysm and dissection, (4) spinal cord compression and injury, (5) venous thromboembolism, (6/7 – tie) meningitis and encephalitis, (6/7 – tie) sepsis, (8) lung cancer, (9) traumatic brain injury and traumatic intracranial hemorrhage, (10) arterial thromboembolism, (11) spinal and intracranial abscess, (12) cardiac arrhythmia, (13) pneumonia, (14) gastrointestinal perforation and rupture, and (15) intestinal obstruction. Average disease-specific error rates ranged from 1.5 percent (myocardial infarction) to 56 percent (spinal abscess), with additional variation by clinical presentation (e.g., missed stroke average 17%, but 4% for weakness and 40% for dizziness/vertigo). There was also wide, superimposed variation by hospital (e.g., missed myocardial infarction 0% to 29% across hospitals within a single study). An estimated 5.7 percent (95% CI 4.4 to 7.1) of all ED visits had at least one diagnostic error. Estimated preventable adverse event rates were as follows: any harm severity (2.0%, 95% CI 1.0 to 3.6), any serious harms (0.3%, PR 0.1 to 0.7), and deaths (0.2%, PR 0.1 to 0.4). While most disease-specific error rates derived from mainly U.S.-based studies, overall error and harm rates were derived from three prospective studies conducted outside the United States (in Canada, Spain, and Switzerland, with combined n=1,758). If overall rates are generalizable to all U.S. ED visits (130 million, 95% CI 116 to 144), this would translate to 7.4 million (PR 5.1 to 10.2) ED diagnostic errors annually; 2.6 million (PR 1.1 to 5.2) diagnostic adverse events with preventable harms; and 371,000 (PR 142,000 to 909,000) serious misdiagnosis-related harms, including more than 100,000 permanent, high-severity disabilities and 250,000 deaths. Although errors were often multifactorial, 89 percent (95% CI 88 to 90) of diagnostic error malpractice claims involved failures of clinical decision-making or judgment, regardless of the underlying disease present. Key process failures were errors in diagnostic assessment, test ordering, and test interpretation. Most often these were attributed to inadequate knowledge, skills, or reasoning, particularly in “atypical” or otherwise subtle case presentations. Limitations included use of malpractice claims and incident reports for distribution of diseases leading to serious harms, reliance on a small number of non-U.S. studies for overall (disease-agnostic) diagnostic error and harm rates, and methodologic variability across studies in measuring disease-specific rates, determining preventability, and assessing causal factors. Conclusions. Although estimated ED error rates are low (and comparable to those found in other clinical settings), the number of patients potentially impacted is large. Not all diagnostic errors or harms are preventable, but wide variability in diagnostic error rates across diseases, symptoms, and hospitals suggests improvement is possible. With 130 million U.S. ED visits, estimated rates for diagnostic error (5.7%), misdiagnosis-related harms (2.0%), and serious misdiagnosis-related harms (0.3%) could translate to more than 7 million errors, 2.5 million harms, and 350,000 patients suffering potentially preventable permanent disability or death. Over two-thirds of serious harms are attributable to just 15 diseases and linked to cognitive errors, particularly in cases with “atypical” manifestations. Scalable solutions to enhance bedside diagnostic processes are needed, and these should target the most commonly misdiagnosed clinical presentations of key diseases causing serious harms. New studies should confirm overall rates are representative of current U.S.-based ED practice and focus on identified evidence gaps (errors among common diseases with lower-severity harms, pediatric ED errors and harms, dynamic systems factors such as overcrowding, and false positives). Policy changes to consider based on this review include: (1) standardizing measurement and research results reporting to maximize comparability of measures of diagnostic error and misdiagnosis-related harms; (2) creating a National Diagnostic Performance Dashboard to track performance; and (3) using multiple policy levers (e.g., research funding, public accountability, payment reforms) to facilitate the rapid development and deployment of solutions to address this critically important patient safety concern.
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Levisohn, Sharon, Mark Jackwood und Stanley Kleven. New Approaches for Detection of Mycoplasma iowae Infection in Turkeys. United States Department of Agriculture, Februar 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7612834.bard.
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Mycoplasma iowae (Mi) is a pathogenic avian mycoplasma which causes mortality in turkey embryos and as such has clinical and economic significance for the turkey breeder industry. Control of Mi infection is severely hampered by lack of adequate diagnostic tests, together with resistance to most antibiotics and resilience to environment. A markedly high degree of intra-species antigenic variation also contributes to difficulties in detection and control of infection. In this project we have designed an innovative gene-based diagnostic test based on specific amplification of the 16S rRNA gene of Mi. This reaction, designed Multi-species PCR-RFLP test, also amplifies the DNA of the pathogenic avian mycoplasmas M. gallisepticum (Mg) and M. synoviae (Ms). This test detects DNA equivalent to about 300 cfu Mi or either of the other two target mycoplasmas, individually or in mixed infection. It is a quick test, applicable to a wide variety of clinical samples, such as allantoic fluid or tracheal or cloacal swab suspensions. Differential diagnosis is carried out by gel electro-phoresis of the PCR amplicon digested with selected restriction enzymes (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism). This can also be readily accomplished by using a simple Dot-Blot hybridization assay with digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probes reacting specifically with unique Mi, Mg or Ms sequences in the PCR amplicon. The PCR/OLIGO test increased sensitivity by at least 10-fold with a capacity for rapid testing of large numbers of samples. Experimental infection trials were carried out to evaluate the diagnostic tools and to study pathogenesis of Mi infection. Field studies and experimental infection of embryonated eggs indicated both synergistic and competitive interaction of mycoplasma pathogens in mixed infection. The value of the PCR diagnostic tests for following the time course of egg transmission was shown. A workable serological test (Dot Immunobinding Assay) was also developed but there was no clear-cut evidence that infected turkeys develop an immune response. Typing of a wide spectrum of Mi field isolates by a variety of gene-based molecular techniques indicated a higher degree of genetic homogeneity than predicted on the basis of the phenotypic variability. All known strains of Mi were detected by the method developed. Together with an M. meleagridis-PCR test based on the same gene, the Multi-species PCR test is a highly valuable tool for diagnosis of pathogenic mycoplasmas in single or mixed infection. The further application of this rapid and specific test as a part of Mi and overall mycoplasma control programs will be dependent on developments in the turkey industry.
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Rans, Rick. PR352-23601-R01 Literature Review of USM OEM Diagnostics and Evaluate Certain Abnormal Flow Conditions. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), November 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0000100.
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This report describes the ultrasonic meter manufactures' diagnostic ratios used to quantify operating changes and describes any major differences in how the meter design affects these ratios. These comparisons are summarized in a simple comparison table along with a table of manufacturer recommended diagnostic limits. Manufacturer diagnostics reports have been added to the PRCI Ultrasonic Meter Test Results Database available on the VTDC. This database can be used for several purposes. Users can compare the extent to which different meter designs compensate for the arbitrary 3-dimensional flow fields caused by flow disturbances. Users can also evaluate the ability of manufacturer diagnostic limits to identify when the disturbances exceed the meter's compensation capabilities. And finally, the database provides the ability to compare the advantages of replacing the manufacture's diagnostic with RSS risk diagnostics that monitor and report the same changes as statistical uncertainties that can be used to prioritize and action design and operating problems.
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Boronina, Liubov. Electronic course in bacteriology. Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уральский государственный медицинский университет" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Dezember 2024. https://doi.org/10.12731/er0865.12122024.
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Microbiological diagnosis of the etiology of infections is part of the diagnosis of infectious diseases. The elective course presents lectures, methodological manuals, practical aspects of the detection of microorganisms that cause actual human infections, the detection of which with pathological material causes difficulties due to the peculiarities of the biological properties of pathogens.
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Kaffenberger, Michelle, Jason Silberstein und Marla Spivack. Evaluating Systems: Three Approaches for Analyzing Education Systems and Informing Action. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/093.
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While conventional interventions and evaluations address the symptoms of the learning crisis, there is growing acknowledgement that widespread and sustained learning improvements will require systems approaches that diagnose and address the root causes of low learning. This paper presents and applies three methods to evaluate education systems and inform how to improve system coherence for learning. First, we use learning trajectories to evaluate the dynamics of children’s learning in 22 low- and middle-income countries. Second, we present a set of principles called the ALIGNS principles and show how they can be used to evaluate and improve alignment of curricula, assessments, and teacher support and instruction. Finally, we present a systems diagnostic framework and apply it to a program in South Africa, showing how the program takes a systems approach to improve learning. These tools help concretize systems thinking and bring insights to bear on the design and evaluation of policies and programs intended to improve learning.