Thematische Bibliographien / EXTENDED BBO

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „EXTENDED BBO“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 11. September 2023

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "EXTENDED BBO"

Allaoui, Samia, Yahia Laamari, Kheireddine Chafaa und Salah Saad. „Position and Speed Estimation of PMSM Based on Extended Kalman Filter Tuned by Biogeography-Based-Optimization“. Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés 54, Nr. 4 (31.08.2021): 559–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/jesa.540405.

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In a sensorless control of PMSM based on Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), the correct selection of system and measurement noise covariance has a great influence on the estimation performances of the filter. In fact, it is extremely difficult to find their optimal values by trial and error method. Therefore, the main contribution of this work is to prove the efficiency of Biogeography-Based-Optimization (BBO) technique to obtain the optimal noise covariance matrices Q and R. The BBO and EKF combination gives a BBO-EKF algorithm, which allows to estimate all the state variables of PMSM drive particularly, the rotor position and speed. In this paper, three evolutionary algorithms namely Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), genetic algorithms (GAs) and BBO are used to get the best Q and R of EKF. Simulations tests performed in Matlab Simulink environment show excellent performance of BBO-EKF compared to GAs-EKF and PSO-EKF approaches either in resolution or in convergence speed.

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Tlach, Brian C., Aimée L. Tomlinson, Kiley D. Morgan, Christopher R. Collins, Michael D. Zenner und Malika Jeffries-EL. „Effect of Extended Conjugation on the Optoelectronic Properties of Benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d′]bisoxazole Polymers“. Australian Journal of Chemistry 67, Nr. 5 (2014): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch13528.

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Four copolymers comprising benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bisoxazole (BBO) and benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene (BDT) bearing phenylethynyl substituents on either the BBO, BDT moieties or both units were synthesised and the influence of two-dimensional conjugation on their optoelectronic properties investigated. Extending conjugation along the BBO resulted in a 0.5 eV decrease in the LUMO level, whereas the HOMO level was raised by 0.2 eV. Extending conjugation across the BDT moiety in also resulted in a 0.5 eV decrease in the LUMO level, however, the effect was negligible on the HOMO level. Thus, cross-conjugation can be used to independently tune the LUMO level within these systems.

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Cruz, Ricardo Machado. „Treatment of a Class III growing patient with mandibular prognathism and severe anterior crossbite“. Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 17, Nr. 4 (August 2012): 148–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2176-94512012000400027.

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The treatment of growing patients with Class III skeletal pattern represents one of the greatest clinical challenges for the orthodontist. Several treatment protocols have been proposed, almost all involving rapid maxillary expansion and maxillary protraction. However, there are cases where the maxilla is properly positioned in the anteroposterior direction and there is no transverse discrepancy, featuring only a mandibular prognathism. In such cases, when there is a set of favorable factors such as lack of laterognathism and lower mandibular plane angle, a viable option and which could prove quite interesting is the use of orthodontic chin cup during the night, aiming at trying to redirect the forward growth of the mandible. To have success, it is necessary that this procedure involves pubertal growth spurt and is extended to full skeletal maturation. This case was presented to the board of the Brazilian Board of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (BBO) as part of the requirements to become a BBO Diplomate.

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Mostafa Bozorgi, Seyed, und Samaneh Yazdani. „IWOA: An improved whale optimization algorithm for optimization problems“. Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 6, Nr. 3 (15.02.2019): 243–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcde.2019.02.002.

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Abstract The whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is a new bio-inspired meta-heuristic algorithm which is presented based on the social hunting behavior of humpback whales. WOA suffers premature convergence that causes it to trap in local optima. In order to overcome this limitation of WOA, in this paper WOA is hybridized with differential evolution (DE) which has good exploration ability for function optimization problems. The proposed method is named Improved WOA (IWOA). The proposed method, combines exploitation of WOA with exploration of DE and therefore provides a promising candidate solution. In addition, IWOA+ is presented in this paper which is an extended form of IWOA. IWOA+ utilizes re-initialization and adaptive parameter which controls the whole search process to obtain better solutions. IWOA and IWOA+ are validated on a set of 25 benchmark functions, and they are compared with PSO, DE, BBO, DE/BBO, PSO/GSA, SCA, MFO and WOA. Furthermore, the effects of dimensionality and population size on the performance of our proposed algorithms are studied. The results demonstrate that IWOA and IWOA+ outperform the other algorithms in terms of quality of the final solution and convergence rate. Highlights The exploration ability of WOA is improved via hybridizing it with DE's mutation. A new adaptive strategy is utilized for balancing the exploration and exploitation abilities. Re-initialization is used to increase the diversity of population. Two improvements are presented for WOA through balancing its exploration and exploitation. The results show that the proposed algorithms can improve the performance of WOA significantly.

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Zhang, Shuai, Song Xu, Wenyu Zhang, Dejian Yu und Kai Chen. „A hybrid approach combining an extended BBO algorithm with an intuitionistic fuzzy entropy weight method for QoS-aware manufacturing service supply chain optimization“. Neurocomputing 272 (Januar 2018): 439–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2017.07.011.

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Reddy, M. Sravan Kumar, und Dharmendra Singh Rajput. „Design and Development of Ternary-Based Anomaly Detection in Semantic Graphs Using Metaheuristic Algorithm“. International Journal of Digital Crime and Forensics 13, Nr. 5 (September 2021): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdcf.20210901.oa3.

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At present, the field of homeland security faces many obstacles while determining abnormal or suspicious entities within the huge set of data. Several approaches have been adopted from social network analysis and data mining; however, it is challenging to identify the objective of abnormal instances within the huge complicated semantic graphs. The abnormal node is the one that takes an individual or abnormal semantic in the network. Hence, for defining this notion, a graph structure is implemented for generating the semantic profile of each node by numerous kinds of nodes and links that are associated to the node in a specific distance via edges. Once the graph structure is framed, the ternary list is formed on the basis of its adjacent nodes. The abnormalities in the nodes are detected by introducing a new optimization concept referred to as biogeography optimization with fitness sorted update (BO-FBU), which is the extended version of the standard biogeography optimization algorithm (BBO). The abnormal behavior in the network is identified by the similarities among the derived rule features. Further, the performance of the proposed model is compared to the other classical models in terms of certain performance measures. These techniques will be useful to detect digital crime and forensics.

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Orlando, Giorgio. „Probing parity-odd bispectra with anisotropies of GW V modes“. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2022, Nr. 12 (01.12.2022): 019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2022/12/019.

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Abstract It is well known that non-trivial squeezed tensor bispectra can lead to anisotropies in the inflationary stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background, providing us with an alternative and complementary window to primordial non-Gaussianities (NGs) with respect to the CMB. Previous works have highlighted the detection prospects of parity-even tensor NGs via the GW I-mode anisotropies. In this work we extend this by analysing for the first time the additional information carried by GW V-mode anisotropies due to squeezed NGs. We show that GW V modes allow us to probe parity-odd squeezed 〈 tts 〉 and 〈 ttt 〉 bispectra. These bispectra break parity at the non-linear level and can be introduced by allowing alternative symmetry breaking patterns during inflation, like those comprised in solid inflation. Considering a BBO-like experiment, we find that a non-zero detection of squeezed 〈 tts 〉 parity-odd bispectra in the V modes dipole is possible without requiring any short-scale enhancement of the GW power spectrum amplitude over the constraints set by the CMB. We also briefly discuss the role of V-CMB cross-correlations. Our work can be extended in several directions and motivates a systematic search for polarized GW anisotropies in the next generations of GW experiments.

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Schöneberg, Nils, Licia Verde, Héctor Gil-Marín und Samuel Brieden. „BAO+BBN revisited — growing the Hubble tension with a 0.7 km/s/Mpc constraint“. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2022, Nr. 11 (01.11.2022): 039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2022/11/039.

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Abstract The combination of Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) data together with light element abundance measurements from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) has been shown to constrain the cosmological expansion history to an unprecedented degree. Using the newest LUNA data and DR16 data from SDSS, the BAO+BBN probe puts tight constraints on the Hubble constant (H 0 = 67.6 ± 1.0 km/s/Mpc), resulting in a 3.7σ tension with the local distance ladder determination from SH0ES in a ΛCDM model. In the updated BAO data the high- and low-redshift subsets are mutually in excellent agreement, and there is no longer a mild internal tension to artificially enhance the constraints. Adding the recently-developed ShapeFit analysis yields H 0 = 68.3 ± 0.7 km/s/Mpc (3.8σ tension). For combinations with additional data sets, there is a strong synergy with the sound horizon information of the cosmic microwave background, which leads to one of the tightest constraints to date, H 0 = 68.30 ± 0.45 km/s/Mpc, in 4.2σ tension with SH0ES. The region preferred by this combination is perfectly in agreement with that preferred by ShapeFit. The addition of supernova data also yields a 4.2σ tension with SH0ES for Pantheon, and a 3.5σ tension for PantheonPLUS. Finally, we show that there is a degree of model-dependence of the BAO+BBN constraints with respect to early-time solutions of the Hubble tension, and the loss of constraining power in extended models depends on whether the model can be additionally constrained from BBN observations.

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Zhao, Cheng, Andrei Variu, Mengfan He, Daniel Forero-Sánchez, Amélie Tamone, Chia-Hsun Chuang, Francisco-Shu Kitaura et al. „The completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: cosmological implications from multitracer BAO analysis with galaxies and voids“. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 511, Nr. 4 (13.02.2022): 5492–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac390.

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ABSTRACT We construct cosmic void catalogues with the dive void finder upon SDSS BOSS DR12 and eBOSS DR16 galaxy samples with BAO reconstruction, and perform a joint BAO analysis using different types of galaxies and the corresponding voids. The BAO peak is evident for the galaxy–galaxy, galaxy–void, and void–void correlation functions of all data sets, including the ones cross-correlating LRG and ELG samples. Two multitracer BAO fitting schemes are tested, one combining the galaxy and void correlation functions with a weight applied to voids, and the other using a single BAO dilation parameter for all clustering measurements. Both methods produce consistent results with mock catalogues, and on average ∼10 per cent improvements of the BAO statistical uncertainties are observed for all samples, compared to the results from galaxies alone. By combining the clustering of galaxies and voids, the uncertainties of BAO measurements from the SDSS data are reduced by 5–15 per cent, yielding 0.9 per cent, 0.8 per cent, 1.1 per cent, 2.3 per cent, and 2.9 per cent constraints on the distance $D_{_{\rm V}}(z)$, at effective redshifts 0.38, 0.51, 0.70, 0.77, and 0.85, respectively. When combined with BAO measurements from SDSS MGS, QSO, and Lyα samples, as well as the BBN results, we obtain $H_0 = 67.58 \pm 0.91\, {\rm km}\, {\rm s}^{-1}\, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$, Ωm = 0.290 ± 0.015, and $\Omega _\Lambda h^2 = 0.3241 \pm 0.0079$ in the flat-ΛCDM framework, where the 1σ uncertainties are around 6 per cent, 6 per cent, and 17 per cent smaller respectively, compared to constraints from the corresponding anisotropic BAO measurements without voids and LRG–ELG cross-correlations.

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Sharaf, Asmaa E., Wael A. Khalil, Ezz I. Khalifa, Mohamed A. Nassan, Ayman A. Swelum und Mostafa A. El-Harairy. „The Supplementation of Bee Bread Methanolic Extract to Egg Yolk or Soybean Lecithin Extenders Can Improve the Quality of Cryopreserved Ram Semen“. Cells 11, Nr. 21 (27.10.2022): 3403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11213403.

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Bee bread has numerous nutritional benefits and bioactive compounds. Other bee byproducts have been used as extender additives to improve semen cryopreservation. Here, we examined the effects of supplementing egg yolk extender (EYE) or soybean lecithin extender (SBLE) with bee bread extract (BBE) on the quality of cryopreserved ram semen. Semen was collected from five adult Rahmani rams once a week for 7 weeks. EYE and SBLE were supplemented with BBE. Antioxidant capacity and total phenolic compound, total flavonoid compound, and total soluble carbohydrate levels of BBE were measured. Sperm characteristics, including progressive motility, viability, abnormalities, membrane integrity, and acrosome integrity, were analyzed after equilibration, thawing, and thawing followed by a 2-h incubation. The total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and total acid phosphatase levels in extenders were determined after thawing. Sperm apoptosis was analyzed using annexin V assays. SBLE was more effective than EYE for cryopreserving ram semen. Extender supplementation with BBE improved ram semen quality during freezing in a concentration-dependent pattern. Motility, vitality, and membrane integrity were particularly enhanced in BBE-treated semen. Additionally, BBE promoted antioxidant and enzymatic activities and reduced apoptosis in semen. Thus, extender supplementation with BBE improved sperm cryopreservation.

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Mehr Quellen

Dissertationen zum Thema "EXTENDED BBO"

Hasan, Md Naimul. „A Compact Low Power Bio-Signal Amplifier with Extended Linear Operation Range“. University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1358074945.

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Rodgers, Svetlana. „Development of a bio-preservation method for extended shelf-life cook-chill systems“. Thesis, View thesis, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/23237.

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Extended shelf-life cook-chill meals can pose a potential risk of botulism if they are subjected to a temperature abuse. Spores of group II non-proteolytic Clostridium botulinum can survive the mild heat treatment typically given to these products and can grow at refrigeration temperatures. To circumvent this safety issue, existing preservation methods can either affect the sensory properties of these foods or damage their image. Therefore, additional natural preservation hurdles are needed. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop a novel bio-preservation method based on the principle of antibiosis between protective cultures (PCs) and C. botulinum. Consequently, the objectives were to select effective anti-botulinal cultures and study their inhibition pattern in microbiological media and foods, identify the conditions for effective inhibition and the nature of the antibiosis. This research demonstrates for the first time that the bacteriocinogenic protective cultures inoculated at high levels had an anti-botulinal effect in a range of commercial cook-chill products, which supported active growth of non-proteolytic C. botulinum. The protocol for commercial application of the protective cultures was developed.

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Rodgers, Svetlana. „Development of a bio-preservation method for extended shelf-life cook-chill systems /“. View thesis, 2003. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030721.150526/index.html.

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Thesis (PhD) -- University of Western Sydney, 2003.
"A thesis submitted for degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Centre for Advanced Food Research, School of Science, Food & Horticulture, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury campus, Richmond, Australia, January 2003" Bibliography: leaves 199-227.

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Cannoni, Sara <1988&gt. „La Extended Producer Responsibility e la sua recezione in Cina: la risposta dello stato e delle imprese“. Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2489.

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La Extended Producer Responsibility è un nuovo principio dell'ecologia industriale, attraverso il quale i produttori sono resi responsabili per tutti gli impatti causati dai loro prodotti, durante tutte le fasi del loro ciclo di vita, e in particolare nella fase del post-consumo. L'Ue ha inglobato questo principio nelle sue direttive più recenti, e i primi risultati cominciano ad emergere. Ma cosa succede in Cina? Questa tesi ha lo scopo di analizzare come questo principio abbia fatto il suo ingresso nella legislazione cinese (passando attraverso l'esperienza europea), come sia stato applicato dai produttori e con che risultati. In particolare, l'oggetto di studio saranno i rifiuti di apparecchiature elettriche ed elettroniche, data la loro importanza in termini di quantità e impatto ambientale da loro causato.

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SATTIN, ANDREA. „Extended field-of-view ultrathin microendoscopes with built-in aberration correction for high-resolution functional imaging with minimal invasiveness“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/997118.

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BANSAL, KANISHKA. „A NOVEL APPROACH FOR FACE RECOGNITION USING EXTENDED BBO“. Thesis, 2014. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/15611.

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Face recognition has become a popular area of research in computer vision and one of the most successful applications of image analysis and understanding. We always have to extract optimal features from images to recognize an image as to achieve high accuracy as well as to be efficient. In this thesis an efficient and optimized face recognition algorithm based on Extended Species Abundance Model of Biogeography is presented. We have used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for the face recognition technique to extract the most important features of the image as all the features, that construct an image are not that essential to recognize image. These extracted features are minimum features which are required to recognize an image from the database. Initially we apply Gabor Kernel to smoothen the images so as to give as input to PCA. Gabor Kernel helps in proper alignment of images. After this we extract important features present in the images through PCA. Than we apply extended BBO to train database, to collect most desirable features extracted from PCA, to make face recognition an efficient process. Then in recognizing phase of face recognition process we again apply BBO based on Extended Species Abundance Model of Biogeography on training database to recognize an input image, which accelerate the recognizing process. Performance analysis is performed on Olivetti research Laboratory (ORL) face database. Results show that face recognition algorithm based on BBO with Extended Species Abundance Model Of Biogeography generates better results than original PCA technique with gabor kernel as well as with PSO and original BBO.

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Rodgers, Svetlana, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College und of Science Food and Horticulture School. „Development of a bio-preservation method for extended shelf-life cook-chill systems“. 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/23237.

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CECCHINI, Maria Paola. „L'uso degli Sniffin'Sticks-Extended test e dei potenziali evocati olfattivi (OERPs) nella valutazione dei disturbi dell'olfatto“. Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/343065.

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I disturbi dell’olfatto possono essere un indizio importante in varie condizioni clinico-patologiche quali traumi, ostruzioni sino-nasali, malattie neurodegenerative, tumori etc. Analogamente ai disturbi uditivi, si possono classificare in: disordini di conduzione, di tipo sensoriale e di tipo nervoso. Oltre a ciò, vanno menzionati anche quelli di tipo iatrogeno e i quadri di tipo idiopatico. In questa tesi vengono riportati tre studi effettuati in collaborazione con diverse strutture partner. -Studio del deficit della funzionalità olfattiva nei pazienti con disturbi del movimento: malattia di Parkinson idiopatica (IPD) versus Parkinsonismo farmacologico (DIPD) (studio in collaborazione con l’Unità di Neurologia e Geriatria dell’Ospedale di Borgo Trento, Verona) -Studio della funzione olfattiva e gustativa nei disturbi dell’alimentazione (studio in collaborazione con la Casa di Cura “Villa Garda”, Reparto di riabilitazione nutrizionale) -Studio della funzione olfattiva nei pazienti con ictus ischemico: valutazione con gli Sniffin’Sticks estended test e con gli OERPs, studio pilota (studio eseguito presso la “Taste and Smell Clinic” del Dipartimento di Otorinolaringoiatria dell’Ospedale Universitario di Dresden, Germania)
Olfaction disorders can be an important clue in several clinic-pathological conditions, including trauma, sinonasal pathology, neurodegenerative diseases, tumors etc. As for auditory disorders, we can classify them in : conductive, sensorial and neural disorders. Besides, it’s important to mention also the iatrogenic conditions and the idiopathic conditions. In this work we reported three studies made in collaboration with different partners. -Evaluation of the olfactory function deficit in patients with movement disorders: idiopathic Parkinson disease (IPD) versus drug induced Parkinsonism (DIPD) (study in collaboration with con the Neurology and Geriatric Unit of the “Borgo Trento Hospital”, Verona) -Evaluation of the olfactory and taste deficit in food intake disorders (study in collaboration with Casa di Cura “Villa Garda”, Nutritional rehabilitation Division) -Olfactory function in patients with ischemic stroke. Evaluation with Sniffin’Sticks extended test and olfactory event-related potentials (OERPs), a pilot study (study made at the “Taste and Smell Clinic”, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Dresden, Germany)

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Erukunuakpor, Kimberly. „Evaluation of an Agar Dilution Method for Identification of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Environment“. 2016. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/iph_theses/463.

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Antibiotic resistance is a serious global public health problem. ESBLs are enzymes that destroy expanded-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics rendering these drugs ineffective. Infection with ESBL-producing K.pneumoniae are hard to treat and result in longer hospital stay and higher mortality rates. The Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) have standard methods for detection of ESBL producing strains of bacteria in infected patients to guide antibiotic therapy, reduce the risk of mortality and risk of transmission. The presence of K.pneumoniae and E.coli which produce ESBLs have been confirmed in natural environments such as soil and water but no standard methods exist to identify directly and quantify these bacteria to understand the risk of human exposure in these settings. The purpose of this research is to assess the ability of an agar dilution method, using a differential agar Bio-Rad Rapid E.coli 2 agar utilized in environmental water quality studies, to identify correctly ESBL-producing K.pneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ceftriaxone antibiotic for wild-type ESBL producing K.pneumoniae isolates were compared on Mueller-Hinton broth (MHB) and Bio-Rad Rapid E.coli 2 agar. Using the MIC values, the isolates were classified as susceptible, intermediate or resistant. The MIC of wild-type strains of K.pneumoniae were above 4μg/mL for both methods on all susceptibility tests performed. The results of this research suggest that Bio-Rad Agar dilution method performed well, correctly identifying these strains as resistant to ceftriaxone, an indication of ESBL production. The Bio-Rad agar dilution method can be considered as a viable standard method for direct identification of ESBL-producing K.pneumoniae in natural environments.

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Bücher zum Thema "EXTENDED BBO"

Christie, Ian, und Annie Oever, Hrsg. Stories. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462985841.

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Stories are perceived as central to modern life. Not only in narrative entertainment media, such as television, cinema, theater, but also in social media. Telling/having "a story" is widely deemed essential, in business as well as in social life. Does this mark an intensification of what has always been part of human cultures; or has the realm of "story" expanded to dominate twenty-first century discourse? Addressing stories is an obvious priority for the Key Debates series, and Volume 7, edited by Ian Christie and Annie van den Oever, identifies new phenomena in this field — complex narration, puzzle films, transmedia storytelling — as well as new approaches to understanding these, within narratology and bio-cultural studies. Chapters on such extended television series as Twin Peaks, Game of Thrones and Dickensian explore distinctively new forms of screen storytelling in the digital age. With contributions by Vincent Amiel, Jan Baetens, Dominique Chateau, Ian Christie, John Ellis, Miklós Kiss, Eric de Kuyper, Sandra Laugier, Luke McKernan, José Moure, Roger Odin, Annie van den Oever, Melanie Schiller, Steven Willemsen, Robert Ziegler.

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Banjara, Manoj, und Damir Janigro. Effects of the Ketogenic Diet on the Blood-Brain Barrier. Herausgegeben von Detlev Boison. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190497996.003.0030.

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Ketone bodies (KBs) are always present in the blood, and their levels increase after high-fat diet intake, prolonged exercise, or extended fasting. Thus, one can predict effects on the brain capillary endothelium from high levels of ketones in the blood. Prolonged exposure of blood-brain barrier (BBB) endothelial cells to KBs induces expression of monocarboxylate transporters and enhances brain uptake of KBs. In addition, cell migration and expression of gap junction proteins are up-regulated by KBs. Thus, beneficial effects of the ketogenic diet may depend on increased brain uptake of KBs to match metabolic demand and repair of a disrupted BBB. As the effects of KBs on the BBB and their transport mechanisms across the BBB are better understood, it will be possible to develop alternative strategies to optimize the therapeutic benefits of KBs for brain disorders where the BBB is compromised.

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Hale, Bob. Essence and Existence. Herausgegeben von Jessica Leech. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198854296.001.0001.

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This book is a collection of essays written by Bob Hale (three co-authored), with a critical introduction from Kit Fine. They comprise Hale’s final years of work, adding to and extending beyond his landmark monograph Necessary Beings: An Essay on Ontology, Modality, and the Relations Between Them (OUP, 2013, 2nd edition 2015). The essays develop and consolidate several key themes in Hale’s work, most notably the notion of definition, especially as it extends beyond definition of a word to definition of a thing more generally, and its relations to essence and existence; how the recently influential notion of truthmaking relates to and illuminates some of these issues; and ontological questions connected with Hale’s metaphysical commitments on the one hand, and his commitments in the foundations of mathematics on the other. Several of the essays engage with and respond to work by Kit Fine, and contributions to Being Necessary: Themes of Ontology and Modality from the Work of Bob Hale (OUP 2018). As such, these essays also demonstrate a rich and fruitful philosophical dialogue between Hale and his critics and friends.

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Wessels, Bob, und Stephan Madaus, Hrsg. Rescue of Business in Europe. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826521.001.0001.

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This edited volume is based on the European Law Institute’s (ELI) project ‘Rescue of Business in Insolvency Law’. The project ran from 2013 to 2017 under the auspices of the ELI and was conducted by Bob Wessels and Stephan Madaus, who were assisted by Gert-Jan Boon. The study sought to design (elements of) a legal framework that will enable the further development of coherent and functional rules for business rescue in Europe. This includes certain statutory procedures that could better enable parties to negotiate solutions where a business becomes financially distressed. Such a framework also includes rules to determine in which procedures and under which conditions an enforceable solution can be imposed upon creditors and other stakeholders despite their lack of consent. The project had a broad scope, and extended to consider frameworks that can be used by (non-financial) businesses out of court, and in a pre-insolvency context. Part I of this book, the ELI Instrument as approved by the ELI Council and General Assembly, features 115 recommendations on a wide variety of themes affected by the rescue of financially distressed businesses, such as the legal rules for professions and courts, treatment and ranking of creditors’ claims, contract, corporate and labour law as well as laws relating to transaction avoidance. Part II consists of national reports that sketch the legal landscape in 13 States and of an ‘Inventory Report on International Recommendations from Standard-Setting Organisations’, both of which provided insight for the drafting of the Instrument. This volume is designed to assist those involved in a process of law reform and those setting standards for soft law in the business rescue context.

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Mattison, Mike, und Ernest Suarez. Poetic Song Verse. University Press of Mississippi, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496837271.001.0001.

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This unique and accessibly written study discusses the relationship between the blues, rock, folk, jazz, and poetry in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, but it is anchored in the 1960s, when a concentration of artists transformed modes of popular music from entertainment to art-that-entertains. The authors (a professional musician and a literary historian) synthesize a wide range of writing about music—biographies, histories, articles in popular magazines, personal reminiscences, and a selective smattering of academic studies—and examine the development of a relatively new literary genre that they call poetic song verse. Poetic song verse was nurtured in the 50s and early 60s by the blues and in Beat coffee houses, and matured in the mid-to-late 60s in the art of Bob Dylan, the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, the Doors, Jimi Hendrix, Joni Mitchell, Leonard Cohen, Gil Scott-Heron, and others who used voice, instrumentation, arrangement, and production to foreground semantically textured, often allusive, and evocative lyrics that resembled and engaged poetry. Among the topics Mattison and Suarez consider are: What, exactly, is this new genre? What were its origins? And how has it developed? How do we study and assess it? To answer these questions, the authors engage in an extended discussion of the roots of the relationship between blues-based music and poetry, and address how it developed into a distinct literary genre. The book balances historical details and analysis of particular songs with readability to create a lively, intelligent, and cohesive narrative that will provide a wide range of readers with an overarching perspective on the development of an exciting, relatively new literary genre.

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Lawson, William H. No Small Thing. University Press of Mississippi, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496816351.001.0001.

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The Mississippi Freedom Vote of 1963 is no small thing. It is a complex historical and rhetorical phenomenon worthy of in-depth analysis. The Mississippi Freedom Vote of 1963 was an integrated citizens’ campaign to empower and promote agency for blacks within the state. With candidates Aaron Henry, a black pharmacist from Clarksdale, for governor and Reverend Edwin King, a white college chaplain from Vicksburg, for lieutenant governor, the Freedom Vote ran a platform aimed at obtaining votes, justice, jobs, and education for blacks in the Magnolia state. Though the actual campaign took place October 13 through November 4, the Freedom Vote’s impact far transcends those few weeks in the fall of 1963 and extends beyond the borders of Mississippi. Campaign manager Bob Moses was right to label the Freedom Vote “one of the most unique voting campaigns in American history.” It is precisely how the rhetorical forms employed by the Freedom Vote catalyze agency that is so appealing and unique. Educating people about citizenship and then providing an opportunity to practice this phronesis in real time created a groundswell of political activity in Mississippi. The Freedom Vote campaign employed the rhetorical tactics of image events to protest voting rights inequalities by executing a campaign that allowed participants to enact the very agency that was being criticized. The campaign turned protestors in to citizens, allowing local citizens to experience empowerment, and it allowed organizers to learn valuable lessons that they would employ time and time again.

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Buchteile zum Thema "EXTENDED BBO"

Seneviratne, Pradeeka. „MakeCode Extended Features“. In BBC micro:bit Recipes, 29–45. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-4913-0_2.

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Kwak, Chulkwang, und Claudio Muñoz. „Extended Decay Properties for Generalized BBM Equation“. In Nonlinear Dispersive Partial Differential Equations and Inverse Scattering, 397–411. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9806-7_8.

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Baraka, Kim, Patrícia Alves-Oliveira und Tiago Ribeiro. „An Extended Framework for Characterizing Social Robots“. In Springer Series on Bio- and Neurosystems, 21–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42307-0_2.

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Wang, Yanfei, und Jingen Wang. „Finite Precision Extended Alternating Projection Neural Network (FPEAP)“. In Bio-Inspired Computing and Applications, 20–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24553-4_4.

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Chernodub, Artem. „Training Dynamic Neural Networks Using the Extended Kalman Filter for Multi-Step-Ahead Predictions“. In Springer Series in Bio-/Neuroinformatics, 221–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09903-3_11.

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Subburaj, Suganya, Madhava Anil Kumar und Madhava Anil Kumar. „An Economic Perspective of Bio-waste Valorization for Extended Sustainability“. In Sustainable Bioprocessing for a Clean and Green Environment, 177–90. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003035398-10.

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Renzi, Cristina, und Francesco Leali. „Multicriteria Decision Making Methods in Engineering Design: An Application on Medical Devices“. In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 406–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70566-4_64.

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AbstractThe design of medical devices is challenging, due to strict geometry specifications and criteria belonging to several disciplines. The aim of this paper is to provide a design methodology which seems to lack in the literature of design of biomedical devices. In particular, the case study proposed in this paper concerns with the design of Bone-Biopsy (BB) needle devices. Following the design process of Pahl and Beitz, a functional analysis is carried out, to point out the interfaces between parts of existing BB needles. A morphology matrix is used to generate alternatives for the cannula holder, the core part of the product. Generated alternatives have been ranked and scored by means of the Pugh’s Controlled Convergence method according to the decision makers' opinions. In this work, the design peculiarities related to the BB needles which have been pointed out could be extended for guiding the design of other biomedical devices.

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Han, Chang Dae. „Rheology of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes“. In Rheology and Processing of Polymeric Materials: Volume 1: Polymer Rheology. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195187823.003.0016.

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Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) has received considerable attention from both the scientific and industrial communities (Hepburn 1982; Oertel 1985; Saunders and Frish 1962). Applications for TPUs include automotive exterior body panels, medical implants such as the artificial heart, membranes, ski boots, and flexible tubing. Figure 10.1 gives a schematic that shows the architecture of TPU, consisting of hard and soft segments. Hard segments, which form a crystalline phase at service temperature, are composed of diisocyanate and short-chain diols as a chain extender, while soft segments, which control low-temperature properties, are composed of difunctional long-chain polydiols with molecular weights ranging from 500 to 5000. The soft segments form a flexible matrix between the hard domains. TPUs are synthesized by reacting difunctional long-chain diol with diisocyanate to form a prepolymer, which is then extended by a chain extender via one of two routes: (1) by a dihydric glycol chain extender or (2) by a diamine chain extender. The most commonly used diisocyanate is 4,4’-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), which reacts with a difunctional polyol forming soft segments, such as poly(tetramethylene adipate) (PTMA) or poly(oxytetramethylene) (POTM), to produce TPU, in which 1,4-butanediol (BDO) is used as a chain extender. There are two methods widely used to produce TPU: (1) one-shot reaction sequence and (2) two-stage reaction sequence. The reaction sequences for both methods are well documented in the literature (Hepburn 1982). It should be mentioned that MDI/BDO/PTMA produces ester-based TPU. One can also produce ether-based TPU when MDI reacts with POTM using BDO as a chain extender. TPUs are often referred to as “multiblock copolymers.” In order to have a better understanding of the rheological behavior of TPUs, one must first understand the relationships between the chemical structure and the morphology; thus, a complete characterization of the materials must be conducted. The rheological behavior of TPU depends, among many factors, on (1) the composition of the soft and hard segments, (2) the lengths of the soft and hard segments and the sequence length distribution, (3) anomalous linkages (branching, cross-linking), and (4) molecular weight.

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Bolka, Silvester, und Blaž Nardin. „Reactive Extrusion as an Environmentally Friendly Technology for the Production of Bio(Nano)Composites: Implementation and Characterization“. In Biocomposites - Recent Advances [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108572.

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The influences of reactive extrusion of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based bio(nano)composites on their properties are described. Reactive compatibilizers were used to enable good dispersion of natural (nano)fibers in the thermoplastic matrix consisting of PLA/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and PLA/polycarbonate (PC) blends. At the same time, chain extenders were used for the modification of immiscible thermoplastics, PLA and PBAT, in order to achieve good miscibility of the PLA/PBAT blend. In the experimental part, the main obstacle of PLA, its brittleness, was improved in three different series of bio(nano)composites. Reactive extrusion with PLA/PBAT blends and the addition of hops as a chain extender and compatibilizer increased the elongation at break of the bio(nano)composite by more than 240% and the impact strength by 200% compared to neat PLA. Reactive extrusion of PLA/PBAT blends and addition of 1% nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) with additives increased the elongation at break by more than 730% compared to pure PLA, and the sample did not break during the impact testing. Reactive extrusion with PLA/PC blends and the addition of 1 wt% NCC with additives increased the elongation at break by more than 90% and the impact strength by more than 160% compared to pure PLA.

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Subha Ramakrishnan, Manuskandan, und Nagarajan Ganapathy. „Extreme Gradient Boosting Based Improved Classification of Blood-Brain-Barrier Drugs“. In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti220612.

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In this study, the analysis based on boosting approach namely linear and tree method are explored in extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) to classify blood brain barrier drugs using clinical phenotype. The clinical phenotype features of BBB drugs are Public available SIDER dataset. The clinical features namely drug’s side effect, drug’s indication and the combination is fed to XGBoost. Results shows that the proposed approach is able to discriminate BBB drugs. The combination of XGBoost with tree boosting is found to be most accurate (F1=78.5%) in classifying BBB drugs. This method of tree boosting in XGBoost may be extended to access the drugs for precision medicine.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "EXTENDED BBO"

Zhang, J. Y., H. T. Zhou, J. Y. Huang, Y. R. Shen und C. Chen. „Two Picosecond, Narrow-band, Tunable, Optical Parametric Systems Using BBO and LBO“. In Nonlinear Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.pd3.

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We report the operation of two picosecond, narrow-band, broadly tunable optical parametric systems using BBO and LBO. The tuning range can be extended from mid-IR to UV with sum and difference frequency generation.

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Asakura, Kuniomi, Minoru Nagao, Midori Mizuno und Shusaku Harada. „Numerical Simulation of Particle Motion in a Jig Separator“. In ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37158.

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The motion of particles in a jig separator is investigated numerically. The motion of particles is expressed by the BBO-type equation. Three-dimensional flow is simulated by the SIMPLE algorithm. The contact forces among particles are calculated by a discrete element method (DEM) extended to particles of different sizes. The results of simulation show that particles with the same settling velocities and different diameters can also be separated. To analyze the motion of particles in the jig, an equation for the response time of a particle that included added mass, gravity, and drag forces is derived.

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Maitland, Kristen, Meagan Saldua und Cory Olsovsky. „Extended Field of View Confocal Microscopy“. In Bio-Optics: Design and Application. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/boda.2011.jtua15.

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Zhao, Tingyu, und Guoqiang Li. „Extended Depth of Field in Microscope“. In Bio-Optics: Design and Application. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/boda.2013.bw5a.6.

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Caldas, Lucas Rosse, Carolina Goulart Bezerra, Francesco Pittau, Arthur Araujo, Mariana Franco, Nicole Hasparyk und Romildo Dias Toledo Filho. „Development of GHG Emissions Curves for Bio-Concretes Specification: Case Study for Bamboo, Rice Husk, and Wood Shavings Considering the Context of Different Countries“. In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.428.

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Bio-concretes are receiving special attention in recent research as an alternative for climate change mitigation due to their low carbon footprints. Different bio-based materials can be used, e.g., wood shavings, bamboo, rice husk, and coconut. However, various methodological parameters can influence the carbon footprint of bio-based materials, especially bio-concretes, like biogenic carbon, amount of carbon in dry matter, rotation period of bio-aggregates, and type of cementitious materials. It is important to have easier ways of estimating the carbon footprint of bio-concretes, using parameters and data easily available. This research aims to evaluate the (1) carbon footprint of different mixtures of three bio-concretes (wood bio-concrete - WBC, bamboo bio-concrete - BBC and rice husk bio-concrete - RBC), and the (2) development of GHG emissions curves for bio-concretes specification based on easily available data (such as density, biomass content, and compressive strength). Based on experimental data, the carbon footprint was performed using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. In order to extend the findings of this study, the context of the following four countries was evaluated: Brazil, South Africa, India, and China. In addition, the replacement of Portland cement for Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) are evaluated hypothetically. The results show that the increase of biomass content in bio-concretes and the replacement of Portland cement by SCMs leads to a radical decrease in life cycle GHG emissions. The percentage of carbon in biomass is a critical factor for reducing the carbon footprint. The WBC was the biomass that performed better for this parameter. The presented GHG emissions curves can be a useful way to estimate the carbon footprint of bio-concretes and can be adapted to other kinds of bio-concretes and countries.

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Pequeno-Zurro, A., D. Shaikh und I. Rano. „Analysis of an Extended Model of Bio-Inspired Source Seeking“. In 2021 European Control Conference (ECC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ecc54610.2021.9655181.

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Ehler, M., J. Kainerstorfer, D. Cunningham, M. Bono, B. P. Brooks und R. F. Bonner. „Extended correction model for retinal optical imaging“. In 2011 IEEE 1st International Conference on Computational Advances in Bio and Medical Sciences (ICCABS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccabs.2011.5729951.

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Bashaw, M. C., T. P. Ma, R. C. Barker, S. Mroczkowski und R. R. Dube. „Extended-lifetime holograms for image processing in bismuth silicon oxide“. In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.fhh2.

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Extended-lifetime holograms are observed in photorefractive bismuth silicon oxide (BSO) at 785 nm. In the crystal, light beams from a diode laser (~500 μW/cm2) create an index grating with a period of 10 μm. An electric field ~5 kV/cm is optionally applied in the direction of the grating 110 for hologram formation by either diffusion or drift of charge carriers. Different formation procedures lead to different decay processes of the grating. In the first case, the hologram is written with the applied field for 70 s and, upon uniform illumination in the applied field, decays normally, with a time constant ~15 s. In another, the hologram is written without the applied field for 640 s and decays less simply: The initial diffusion grating is extremely weak for this period; however, upon uniform illumination in the applied field, the hologram quickly strengthens to the level of the previous case ~15 s, and then decays more slowly ~2000 s. Two-level electron–hole transport1 can explain these effects: using one level, electrons establish quick-response gratings; using the other, holes establish complementary extended-lifetime gratings. Vainos et al.2 have multiplexed short-lived photorefractive with long-lived photochromic holograms in BSO, leading to many image processing techniques. Multiplexing the normal and extended-lifetime holograms described here may yield similar techniques.

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Lu, Qi, und Melanie E. Moses. „A Bio-Inspired Transportation Network for Scalable Swarm Foraging: Extended Abstract“. In 2019 International Symposium on Multi-Robot and Multi-Agent Systems (MRS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mrs.2019.8901050.

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Bagheri, Saeed. „Maximizing signal-to-noise-ratio in extended depth-of-field bio-imaging“. In 2010 9th Euro-American Workshop on Information Optics (WIO). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wio.2010.5582509.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "EXTENDED BBO"

Stoynev, Stoyan E. Extended use of superconducting magnets for bio-medical development. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Mai 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1251187.

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Taheripour, Farzad, Thomas Hertel und Jing Liu. Introducing water by river basin into the GTAP-BIO model: GTAP-BIO-W. GTAP Working Paper, November 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp77.

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This paper introduces water into the GTAP modeling framework at a river basin level. The new model: 1) distinguishes between irrigated and rainfed agriculture using different production functions; 2) takes into account heterogeneity in land quality across agro-ecological zones; 3) traces supply of water at the river basin level within each country/region; 4) fully captures competition for land among crop, livestock and forestry industries; 5) and, most importantly, offers the potential to extend the competition for managed water among agricultural and non-agricultural activities. Individuals interested in working with the GTAP-Water data base and model are referred to the following publication in the <a href="https://jgea.org/resources/jgea/ojs/index.php/jgea/article/view/35" target="_blank">Journal of Global Economic Analysis</a>

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Pritchard, Katrina, Helen Williams und Alice Elworthy. Mapping policy understandings of gender & sexuality: thematic analysis. Swansea University, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23889/sureport.64441.

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This second report from the Breaking Binaries Research (BBR) programme extends and develops our first report which offered a preliminary review of mapping understandings of genders and sexualities across policy data (Pritchard et al., 2023). As in our first report, we focus on the implications of these understandings for entrepreneurs and small businesses in relation to how diversity is constructed by policy makers. We define gender and sexuality diversity as including all those who self-identify as not conforming to binary identities and/or bodies, and those who identify in various, and sometimes multiple ways, as part of LGBTQIA+ and non-binary communities. Policy makers labelling of these identities, especially the use of pre-given categories, is problematic (Guyan, 2022). Within the overarching initialisms or acronyms, like LGBTQIA+, sit host of diverse, and in most cases, intersecting communities, which are oversimplified and little understood.

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Weiss. L52296 Smart Gas Using Chemicals To Improve Gas Deliverability Phase II. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), März 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010658.

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The objective of this effort was to demonstrate in the field the new wettability altering technology developed in the laboratory during Phase 1. Reservoir cores from three gas storage facilities including sandstone and dolomite reservoirs were used to evaluate the two surfactants. The imbibition and core flood tests showed that gas deliverability was improved in surfactant-treated sandstone cores. It was concluded that the aquifer storage facilities are candidates for field testing. Results from Phase I provided the foundation for this Phase II project. The Waverly Storage Facility operated by Southern Union/Panhandle Energy was selected as the site for a field test of the surfactant process. Waverly is an 1800-ft sandstone aquifer gas storage reservoir located near Springfield, lllinois. Expansion and contraction of a spherical gas bubble provided pressure support as gas was injected and withdrawn from 37 individual wells. Three wells were selected for treatment with 1000 bbl of ~4% surfactant solution. An additional three nearby wells were selected as control wells. A field mixing procedure similar to that used in the laboratory to avoid phase separation of the microemulsion was developed and successfully used during the third week of October 2007 when the wells were treated. Rates and pressures were measured at the wellhead; fluid levels were not recorded. Since the initial rate-pressure data collected during the project year including the well treatments were sparse, it was decided to extend the project to the end of 2008 to acquire more field data.

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Israel, Alvaro, und John Merrill. Production of Seed Stocks for Sustainable Tank Cultivation of the Red Edible Seaweed Porphyra. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7696527.bard.

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Porphyra species (commonly known as ‘nori’ or ‘purple laver’) are edible red seaweeds rich in proteins, vitamins and other highly valued biogenic compounds. For years Porphyra has been cultured using seeded nets extended in the open sea, and its biomass consumed primarily in the Far East. While demands for international markets have increased steadily at an average of 20% per year, supplies are on the verge and not expected to meet future demands. Alternatively, land-based cultivation of seaweed has become attractive in the mariculture industry since (1) important growth parameters can be controlled, (2) is environmentally friendly and (3) perfectly matches with integrated aquaculture leading to sustainable, high quality products. During the last few years a tank cultivation technology for Porphyra has been developed at the Israeli institution. This technology is based on indoor production of asexual spores and their subsequent growth to 1-2 mm seedlings. The seedlings are then transferred to outdoor tanks and ponds when seawater temperatures drop to 20 °C, or below, and days become shorter during winter time. However, the current technology efficiently serves only about 100 m2 of ponds during one growth season. In order to produce seedlings in sufficient amounts, it is critical to address both technical and biological aspects of seedling production, securing optimal up-scale to commercial-size cultivation farms. We hypothesize that massive production of spores is related to thalli origin, thalli age and sporulation triggers, and that seedling survival and their subsequent growth potential is determined by the seawater quality and overall indoor growth conditions imposed. A series of bio-reactors were constructed and tested in which spore release and spore growth were separately studied. The main assessment criteria for optimal viability of the seedlings will be by determining their electron transport rate using PAM fluorometry and by subsequent growth and biomass yields in outdoor ponds. Altogether the project showed (1), controlled sporulation is possible in big outdoor/growth chamber settings provided initial stock material (small frozen seedlings) is at hand, (2), contamination problems can be almost completely avoided if stock material is properly handled (clean as possible and partially dehydrated prior to freezing), (3), spore release can significantly be enhance using high nutrient levels during thawing for P. yezoensis and P. haitanensis, but not for P. rosengurttii, (4), PAM fluorometry is an efficient tool to estimate growth capacity in both seedlings and juvenile thalli. The BARD funding also served to explore other aspects of Porphyra biology and cultivation. For example, the taxonomical status of Porphyra strains used in this study was defined (see appendix), and the potential use of this seaweed in bioremediation was well substantiated. In addition, BARD funding supported a number of opportunities and activities in the Israeli lab, direct or indirectly related to the initial objectives of the project such as: additional molecular work in other seaweeds, description of at least 2 new species for the Israeli Mediterranean, and continuous support for the writing of a book on Global Change and applied aspects of seaweeds. The technology for Porphyra cultivation in land-based ponds is readily available. This study corroborated previous know-how of Porphyra growth in tanks and ponds, and yet offers important improvements regarding seedling production and their handling for successful cultivation. This study supported various other activities opening additional important issues in the biology/cultivation/use of Porphyra and other seaweeds.

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