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Thematische Bibliographien / Faecal DNA / Zeitschriftenartikel

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Faecal DNA“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 4. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 11. Februar 2022

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1

Piggott, Maxine P. "Effect of sample age and season of collection on the reliability of microsatellite genotyping of faecal DNA." Wildlife Research 31, no. 5 (2004): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr03096.

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Individual identification of animals from DNA in field-collected faecal samples is becoming an increasingly important tool in wildlife population monitoring. A major issue relevant to the application of this technique is the reliability of the genotypes obtained. I investigated the effect of sample age and season of collection on amplification rates and reliability of microsatellite genotypes amplified from faecal DNA of a marsupial herbivore, the brush-tailed rock-wallaby (Petrogale penicillata) and a eutherian carnivore, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes). Comparison of DNA profiles from 1 day to 6

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Inglis, G. D., L. D. Kalischuk, and H. W. Busz. "A survey ofCampylobacterspecies shed in faeces of beef cattle using polymerase chain reaction." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 49, no. 11 (November 1, 2003): 655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w03-087.

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A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based survey of campylobacters associated with faeces collected from 382 beef cattle was undertaken. To ensure the removal of PCR inhibitors present in faeces and determine if adequate extraction was achieved, faeces were seeded with internal control DNA (i.e., DNA designed to amplify with the Campylobacter genus primer set, but provide a smaller amplicon) before the extraction procedure. In only two samples (0.5%) were the internal control or Campylobacter genus amplicons not detected. In the remaining 380 faecal samples, Campylobacter DNA was detected in 83%

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McMillan, M., W. G. MacKay, C. L. Williams, A. J. Shepherd, C. Malcolm, and L. T. Weaver. "Intrafamilial Genotyping ofHelicobacter pylorifrom Faecal DNA." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/491035.

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Helicobacter pyloriinfection, often acquired in early childhood, is a global cause of undernutrition, gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric carcinoma. This study tested the feasibility of usingH. pylorished in the faeces as a source of DNA for non-invasive epidemiological studies.H. pyloriDNA was chemically recovered and isolated using a specific biotinylated oligonucleotide probe with magnetic capture from 28H. pyloripositive faecal samples obtained from children attending hospital for the investigation of suspectedH. pyloriinfection, together with close family members. Random amplifica

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Oberreuther-Moschner, Daniela L., Gerhard Jahreis, Gerhard Rechkemmer, and Beatrice L. Pool-Zobel. "Dietary intervention with the probiotics Lactobacillus acidophilus 145 and Bifidobacterium longum 913 modulates the potential of human faecal water to induce damage in HT29clone19A cells." British Journal of Nutrition 91, no. 6 (June 2004): 925–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20041108.

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Probiotics reduce the risk of colon cancer by inhibiting carcinogen-induced DNA damage in animals, but there are no analogous data in human subjects. To enhance knowledge of the effects of probiotics in human subjects, we have investigated the genotoxicity of faecal water after dietary intervention with standard yoghurt or with probiotic yoghurt, which included the strains Lactobacillus acidophilus 145 and Bifidobacterium longum 913. Faeces were collected from nine healthy volunteers after intervention with probiotic yoghurt or standard yoghurt. Faecal water was isolated and incubated with hum

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Suehiro, Yutaka, Yibo Zhang, Shinichi Hashimoto, Taro Takami, Shingo Higaki, Yoshitaro Shindo, Nobuaki Suzuki, et al. "Highly sensitive faecal DNA testing of TWIST1 methylation in combination with faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin is a promising marker for detection of colorectal neoplasia." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 55, no. 1 (January 12, 2017): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004563217691064.

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Background As TWIST1 methylation is specific to colorectal neoplasia, detection of TWIST1 methylation from faeces samples might be useful for colorectal neoplasia screening. However, because the content of human DNA in faeces is very small, it is very difficult to detect TWIST1 methylation by conventional bisulphite-based methylation assays. Therefore, we developed a new methylation assay without bisulphite treatment, the combined restriction digital PCR assay, and evaluated its sensitivity and specificity in combination with and without the faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin for color

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Carpenter, Fiona M., and Martin A. Dziminski. "Breaking down scats: degradation of DNA from greater bilby (Macrotis lagotis) faecal pellets." Australian Mammalogy 39, no. 2 (2017): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am16030.

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Isolating DNA from scats (faeces) of threatened species is a valuable, non-invasive method for identifying individuals. To establish whether genotyping of greater bilby (Macrotis lagotis) individuals from faecal pellets collected in the field can be useful for population monitoring, an understanding of the DNA degradation rates is necessary. To determine the relationship between time and degradation of bilby faecal DNA, and assess whether a two-step elution process during extraction results in better-quality DNA, faecal pellets were collected from captive individuals, maintained under seminatu

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Afonso, E., and A. C. Goydadin. "Molecular detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum DNA in the lesser horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus hipposideros) guano." Epidemiology and Infection 146, no. 10 (May 30, 2018): 1253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268818001279.

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AbstractAlthough bats are increasingly recognised as potential reservoir hosts of human zoonotic pathogens, bacteria in bats are still poorly studied. To investigate the DNA faecal prevalence of the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum, we sampled 23 lesser horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus hipposideros) maternity colonies located in buildings (churches, barns) in rural villages of eastern France. A total of 552 faecal samples were collected from 278 individuals. Anaplasma phagocytophilum DNA was detected in the faeces of 63 individuals (22.7%). Such high prevalence might suggest persistent infection

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Baker-Austin, Craig, Rachel Rangdale, James Lowther, and David N. Lees. "Application of mitochondrial DNA analysis for microbial source tracking purposes in shellfish harvesting waters." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.767.

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We present a method for the reliable detection and source characterisation of faecal pollution in water and shellfish matrices, utilising real-time PCR analysis of mitochondrial DNA targets. In this study we designed real-time PCR (TaqMan) probes to target human, bovine, ovine and swine mtDNA. PCR amplification using species-specific TaqMan probes on faecal matter and mixed effluent slurries revealed no cross-reactions between species of interest and other vertebrate faecal matter. Performed as a single blind experiment we were able to correctly identify faecal material in 17/20 effluents (85%

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Parsons, Kim M., John F. Dallas, Diane E. Claridge, John W. Durban, Kenneth C. Balcomb Iii, Paul M. Thompson, and Les R. Noble. "Amplifying dolphin mitochondrial DNA from faecal plumes." Molecular Ecology 8, no. 10 (October 1999): 1766–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00723-8.x.

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MARCET, P. L., T. DUFFY, M. V. CARDINAL, J. M. BURGOS, M. A. LAURICELLA, M. J. LEVIN, U. KITRON, R. E. GÜRTLER, and A. G. SCHIJMAN. "PCR-based screening and lineage identification ofTrypanosoma cruzidirectly from faecal samples of triatomine bugs from northwestern Argentina." Parasitology 132, no. 1 (September 15, 2005): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182005008772.

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This study applied improved DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction strategies for screening and identification ofTrypanosoma cruzilineages directly from faeces of triatomines collected in a well-defined rural area in northwestern Argentina. Amplification of the variable regions of the kinetoplastid minicircle genome (kDNA-PCR) was performed in faecal lysates from 33 microscope (MO)-positive and 93 MO-negativeTriatoma infestans, 2 MO-positive and 38 MO-negativeTriatoma guasayanaand 2 MO-positive and 73 MO-negativeTriatoma garciabesi. kDNA-PCR detectedT. cruziin 91% MO-positive and 7·5% MO

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Tende, Talatuxs, Bengt Hansson, Ulf Ottosson, and Staffan Bensch. "Evaluating preservation medium for the storage of DNA in African lion Panthera leo faecal samples." Current Zoology 60, no. 3 (June 1, 2014): 351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/60.3.351.

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Abstract Lion faecal samples, collected in the field between 1 hour to 1 week after defecation were preserved in three different media (ethanol, ASL buffer and Two-step storage). The aim was to determine which faecal DNA field preservation method best enhances PCR amplification success. Samples stored in ethanol showed a significantly higher amplification success of microsatellite loci than samples stored in the other two media. In contrast, amplification success of a mitochondrial locus was similar among the samples stored in the three types of media. We reviewed twelve previous studies that

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Mancianti, Francesca, Simona Nardoni, Gaetano Ariti, Dario Parlanti, Giovanna Giuliani, and Roberto A. Papini. "Cross-sectional survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection in colony cats from urban Florence (Italy)." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 12, no. 4 (April 2010): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2009.09.001.

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Cats are the key species in the epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection, even if the proportion of subjects excreting oocysts is low. The aim of the present paper was to obtain information about seroprevalence, oocyst shedding rate and presence of T gondii DNA in faeces collected from an urban population of colony cats in Florence (Tuscany). Fifty European shorthair feral cats were examined for anti- T gondii specific antibodies by a modified agglutination test (MAT), and for oocysts by microscopic examination and for faecal protozoal DNA, by means of a nested polymerase chain reaction (n-

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Lee, Chang Soo, Jason W. Marion, and Jiyoung Lee. "A novel genetic marker for the rapid detection of Bacteroides fragilis in recreational water as a human-specific faecal indicator." Journal of Water and Health 9, no. 2 (April 25, 2011): 253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2011.120.

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Bacteroides spp. has gained substantial interest among the suggested potential candidates for alternative faecal indicators for untreated recreational waters by the US EPA. Interest in Bacteroides as a faecal indicator is based upon the relative abundance of selected members of the Bacteroides genus in the human colon and human faeces. In this study, we developed a real-time PCR detection system based on gyrase B subunit genes (gyrB) specific to Bacteroides fragilis. The gryB-based method was compared with previously described 16S rRNA-based real-time qPCR methods and evaluated for specificity

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Edge, T. A., S. Hill, G. Stinson, P. Seto, and J. Marsalek. "Experience with the antibiotic resistance analysis and DNA fingerprinting in tracking faecal pollution at two lake beaches." Water Science and Technology 56, no. 11 (December 1, 2007): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.757.

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Posting or closing of swimming beaches because of faecal contamination is a widespread problem reported in many locations. In a risk-based approach to this problem, the risk to swimmers' health is assessed by field monitoring of indicator bacteria and the associated risks are managed by source controls and other remedial measures. In risk assessment, great advances have been made in recent years with the introduction of microbial source tracking (MST) techniques. Two such techniques, antibiotic resistance analysis and DNA fingerprinting, were applied in a study of causes of faecal contaminatio

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Haag, Taiana, Anelisie S. Santos, Fernanda P. Valdez, Dênis A. Sana, Leandro Silveira, Laury Cullen, Carlos De Angelo, et al. "Molecular tracking of jaguar melanism using faecal DNA." Conservation Genetics 11, no. 3 (April 30, 2009): 1239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-009-9933-x.

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Wilson, G. J., A. C. Frantz, L. C. Pope, T. J. Roper, T. A. Burke, C. L. Cheeseman, and R. J. Delahay. "Estimation of badger abundance using faecal DNA typing." Journal of Applied Ecology 40, no. 4 (August 2003): 658–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2664.2003.00835.x.

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FRANTZEN, M. A. J., J. B. SILK, J. W. H. FERGUSON, R. K. WAYNE, and M. H. KOHN. "Empirical evaluation of preservation methods for faecal DNA." Molecular Ecology 7, no. 10 (October 1998): 1423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.1998.00449.x.

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Dimitrov, Zh. "Assessment of lactobacillus bulgaricus strain in human intestinal samples by denaturation gradient gel electrophoresis." Trakia Journal of Sciences 17, no. 4 (2019): 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2019.04.003.

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PURPOSE. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the content of Lactobacillus bulgaricus in faecal samples of volunteers after consumption of yoghurt produced with selected L. bulgaricus strain. METHODS. Using Denaturation Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) the DNA band corresponding to L. bulgaricus was well separated from the DNA bands of other lactobacilli. RESULTS. Faecal samples of all four volunteers consumed yoghurt contained a major DNA band indicating the presence of L. bulgaricus, unlike the faecal samples from the three volunteers no consumed yoghurt where the specific for L. bulg

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Naser, Sabri M., Marc Vancanneyt, Evelyne De Graef, Luc A. Devriese, Cindy Snauwaert, Karen Lefebvre, Bart Hoste, et al. "Enterococcus canintestini sp. nov., from faecal samples of healthy dogs." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 55, no. 5 (September 1, 2005): 2177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63752-0.

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The taxonomic position of strain LMG 13590T, originally isolated from dog faeces and classified as Enterococcus dispar in the BCCM/LMG Bacteria Catalogue, was reinvestigated. This strain and 12 recent isolates from faecal samples of healthy dogs occupied a clearly separate position when investigated with multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of the genes encoding the alpha subunit of ATP synthase (atpA), RNA polymerase alpha subunit (rpoA) and phenylalanyl-tRNA synthase alpha subunit (pheS). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of one representative strain showed highest similarities of 98–99 % with E. di

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Meier, H., C. Koob, W. Ludwig, R. Amann, E. Frahm, S. Hoffmann, U. Obst, and K. H. Schleifer. "Detection of enterococci with rRNA targeted DNA probes and their use for hygienic drinking water control." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 11-12 (June 1, 1997): 437–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0774.

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Enterococci are useful indicators of faecal contamination with their high abundance in faeces and long survival in the environment and the possibility of indicating the source of contamination by species identification has lead to discussion of whether enterococci would be more reliable faecal indicators than E. coli. In an attempt to facilitate rapid and accurate identification of enterococci, 16S rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes were designed by computer-aided analysis of more than 4,000 rRNA sequences. Probes were labelled non-isotopically with digoxigenin and fluorescent dyes. Conditio

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Redd, K. S., S. N. Jarman, S. D. Frusher, and C. R. Johnson. "A molecular approach to identify prey of the southern rock lobster." Bulletin of Entomological Research 98, no. 3 (April 28, 2008): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485308005981.

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AbstractWe demonstrate the use of molecular techniques to detect specific prey consumed by the southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii). A quick and non-lethal method was used to collect rock lobster faecal material and a molecular protocol was employed to isolate prey DNA from faecal samples. The isolated DNA was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with PCR primers designed to target specific prey items. Feeding experiments determined that DNA from black-lipped abalone (Haliotis rubra) and sea urchins (Centrostephanus rodgersii and Heliocidaris erythrogramma) can be detected in

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Hooda, Seema, Brittany M. Vester Boler, Katherine R. Kerr, Scot E. Dowd, and Kelly S. Swanson. "The gut microbiome of kittens is affected by dietary protein:carbohydrate ratio and associated with blood metabolite and hormone concentrations." British Journal of Nutrition 109, no. 9 (August 31, 2012): 1637–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114512003479.

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High-protein, low-carbohydrate (HPLC) diets are common in cats, but their effect on the gut microbiome has been ignored. The present study was conducted to test the effects of dietary protein:carbohydrate ratio on the gut microbiota of growing kittens. Male domestic shorthair kittens were raised by mothers fed moderate-protein, moderate-carbohydrate (MPMC; n 7) or HPLC (n 7) diets, and then weaned at 8 weeks onto the same diet. Fresh faeces were collected at 8, 12 and 16 weeks; DNA was extracted, followed by amplification of the V4–V6 region of the 16S rRNA gene using 454 pyrosequencing. A tot

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Bowles, Ella, and Andrew W. Trites. "Faecal DNA amplification in Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens)." Polar Biology 36, no. 5 (March 21, 2013): 755–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-013-1296-6.

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Rochet, Violaine, Lionel Rigottier-Gois, Maléne Sutren, Marie-Noëlle Krementscki, Claude Andrieux, Jean-Pierre Furet, Patrick Tailliez, et al. "Effects of orally administeredLactobacillus caseiDN-114 001 on the composition or activities of the dominant faecal microbiota in healthy humans." British Journal of Nutrition 95, no. 2 (February 2006): 421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20051625.

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The composition and activities of the faecal microbiota in twelve healthy subjects analysed in a single open study were monitored before (1-week baseline step), during (10d supplementation step) and after (10d follow-up step) the ingestion of a fermented milk containingLactobacillus caseiDN-114001. Fluorescentin situhybridisation with group-specific DNA probes, real-time PCR usingL. paracaseigroup-specific primers and temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) using group-specific primers were carried out, together with bacterial enzyme activity and metabolite analyses to monitor

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Starkey, Bryan J. "Screening for colorectal cancer." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 39, no. 4 (July 1, 2002): 351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/000456302760042470.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) causes 20 000 deaths per annum in the UK alone. Screening has been shown to reduce mortality but debate exists as to which approach to use. Direct visualization of the colorectum has the advantage that it detects lesions most effectively and is required at less frequent intervals, but the procedure is invasive and at present too costly for screening purposes. Faecal occult blood measurement, despite its limitations, is currently the recommended screening method, with follow-up of positive tests by colonoscopy or other visualization techniques. This strategy has been sho

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Nowland, Tanya L., Valeria A. Torok, Wai Y. Low, Mary D. Barton, Kate J. Plush, and Roy N. Kirkwood. "Faecal Microbiota Analysis of Piglets During Lactation." Animals 10, no. 5 (April 27, 2020): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10050762.

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Antimicrobial use in animals and the potential development of antimicrobial resistance is a global concern. So, non-antimicrobial techniques for animal disease control are needed. This study aimed to determine whether neonatal ceftiofur (CF) treatment affects piglet faecal microbiomes and whether faecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) can correct it. Two focal piglets per sow were assigned to treatments as follows: cffresh (n = 6) received CF (3 mg/kg intramuscular) at 7 d and fresh FMT at 13 d; cffrozen (n = 7) received CF at 7 d and frozen FMT at 13 d; CF (n = 8) received CF at 7 d and no F

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Young, Melanie J., Ludovic Dutoit, Fiona Robertson, Yolanda van Heezik, Philip J. Seddon, and Bruce C. Robertson. "Species in the faeces: DNA metabarcoding as a method to determine the diet of the endangered yellow-eyed penguin." Wildlife Research 47, no. 6 (2020): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr19246.

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Abstract Context. Diet variability is a significant driver of seabird decline; however, data on seabird diet composition and trends have been affected by changes in precision and resolution owing to the evolution of different sampling methods over time. We investigated the effectiveness of applying a passive molecular diet method using faeces obtained from the endangered yellow-eyed penguin. Aims. To assess the feasibility of applying DNA metabarcoding methods to yellow-eyed penguin faeces to evaluate diet, and to compare the reliability of diet results derived from adults and chicks, and from

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Chiriboga, Adriana E. C. Nascimento, Walter V. Guimarães, Maria Cristina D. Vanetti, and Elza F. Araújo. "Detection ofLawsonia intracellularisin faeces of swine from the main producing regions in Brazil." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 45, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w98-234.

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Swine proliferative enteropathy is an enteric disease caused by Lawsonia intracellularis which affects animals between 6 and 20 weeks of age, causing diarrhea, anorexia, and poor growth. The presence of L. intracellularis was evaluated in the faecal samples of 636 swine from 75 randomly chosen herds in the main swine-producing regions of Brazil. The pathogen was detected by the polymerase chain reaction method (PCR) using L. intracellularis specific primers. A 319-bp DNA fragment specific for L. intracellularis was produced on amplification of DNA from the faeces of pigs with proliferative ent

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Husakova, Marketa, Petr Kralik, Vladimir Babak, and Iva Slana. "Efficiency of DNA Isolation Methods Based on Silica Columns and Magnetic Separation Tested for the Detection of Mycobacterium avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis in Milk and Faeces." Materials 13, no. 22 (November 12, 2020): 5112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13225112.

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Timely and reliable detection of animals shedding Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) should help to effectively identify infected animals and limit infection transmission at early stages to ensure effective control of paratuberculosis. The aim of the study was to compare DNA extraction methods and evaluate isolation efficiency using milk and faecal samples artificially contaminated by MAP with a focus on modern instrumental automatic DNA isolation procedures based on magnetic separation. In parallel, an automatic and manual version of magnetic separation and two methods of faeca

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Meekan, M. G., S. N. Jarman, C. McLean, and M. B. Schultz. "DNA evidence of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) feeding on red crab (Gecarcoidea natalis) larvae at Christmas Island, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 60, no. 6 (2009): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08254.

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Whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) are thought to aggregate in nearshore waters around Christmas Island (105°37′E, 10o29′S) to consume the marine larvae of the endemic red land crab (Gecarcoidea natalis). However, there have been no direct observations of sharks feeding on crab larvae. Whale shark faeces were analysed using genetic testing to confirm the presence of crab larvae in their diet. Primers were designed for amplifying two Gecarcoidea natalis mitochondrial small-subunit (mtSSU) rDNA regions. Gel electrophoresis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products amplified from whale shark faecal

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Wu, Wen-Tzu, Han-Chung Cheng та Hsiao-Ling Chen. "Ameliorative effects of konjac glucomannan on human faecal β-glucuronidase activity, secondary bile acid levels and faecal water toxicity towards Caco-2 cells". British Journal of Nutrition 105, № 4 (10 грудня 2010): 593–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114510004009.

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Konjac glucomannan (KGM) has been shown to increase human colon microbial ecology and reduce faecal toxicity in mice. The main goal of the present study was to assess the effects of a KGM supplement into a low-fibre diet on precancerous markers of colon cancer in a double-blind, placebo- and diet-controlled study. Adult volunteers consumed defined diets supplemented with konjac (4·5 g/d) or placebo (maize starch) for 4 weeks. Stools collected before and at the end of the supplementation were analysed for β-glucosidase, β-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase activities, microflora and bile acids.

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Osaki, Takako, Masumi Okuda, Junko Ueda, Mutsuko Konno, Hideo Yonezawa, Fuhito Hojo, Kiyoko Yagyu, et al. "Multilocus sequence typing of DNA from faecal specimens for the analysis of intra-familial transmission of Helicobacter pylori." Journal of Medical Microbiology 62, no. 5 (May 1, 2013): 761–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.053140-0.

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This study used multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of total DNA extracted from faecal specimens to genotype Helicobacter pylori to analyse intra-familial transmission. Faecal DNA was extracted and amplified by nested PCR. The products were analysed by direct sequencing and the allele type was determined using an MLST website. Mother-to-child transmission was suspected in at least two of three families, and father-to-child transmission was suspected in one family.

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Ghaly, Simon, Nadeem Kaakoush, Frances Lloyd, Lavinia Gordon, Cynthia Forest, Ian Lawrance, and Prue Hart. "Ultraviolet Irradiation of Skin Alters the Faecal Microbiome Independently of Vitamin D in Mice." Nutrients 10, no. 8 (August 11, 2018): 1069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10081069.

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Reduced sunlight exposure has been associated with an increased incidence of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The effect of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the faecal microbiome and susceptibility to colitis has not been explored. C57Bl/6 female mice were fed three different vitamin D-containing diets for 24 days before half of the mice in each group were UV-irradiated (1 kJ/m2) for each of four days, followed by twice-weekly irradiation of shaved dorsal skin for 35 days. Faecal DNA was extracted and high-throughput sequencing of the 16S RNA gene performed. UV irradiation of skin was ass

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Piggott, Maxine P., Rebecca Wilson, Sam C. Banks, Clive A. Marks, Frank Gigliotti, and Andrea C. Taylor. "Evaluating exotic predator control programs using non-invasive genetic tagging." Wildlife Research 35, no. 7 (2008): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr08040.

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Carnivorous predators are difficult to detect using conventional survey methods, especially at low levels of abundance. The introduced red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Australia is monitored to determine the effectiveness of control programs, but assessing population parameters such as abundance and recruitment is difficult. We carried out a feasibility study to determine the effectiveness of using faecal DNA analysis methods to identify individual foxes and to assess abundance before and after lethal control. Fox faeces were collected in two sampling periods over four separate transects, and genoty

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Smith, Steve, Peter McRae, and Jane Hughes. "Faecal DNA analysis enables genetic monitoring of the species recovery program for an arid-dwelling marsupial." Australian Journal of Zoology 57, no. 2 (2009): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo09035.

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The greater bilby, Macrotis lagotis, is a species of conservation significance in the arid and semiarid zones of Australia. A species recovery program has been underway since the mid-1990s but the incorporation of molecular genetic data within the program has been difficult due to the problems of obtaining regular, population-wide samples of this trap-shy and sparsely distributed species. In this study, we demonstrate that faecal pellets collected from around burrows in the dry, arid habitat of western Queensland provide a viable source for DNA extraction and analysis. Faecal DNA was used to g

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Faridi, F., D. Suchitra Sena, and V. Sharma. "Comparative evaluation of faecal community DNA isolation methods in camels." Journal of Camel Practice and Research 21, no. 2 (2014): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2277-8934.2014.00031.9.

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Traverso, Giovanni, Anthony Shuber, Louise Olsson, Bernard Levin, Constance Johnson, Stanley R. Hamilton, Kevin Boynton, Kenneth W. Kinzler, and Bert Vogelstein. "Detection of proximal colorectal cancers through analysis of faecal DNA." Lancet 359, no. 9304 (February 2002): 403–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(02)07591-8.

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Eggert, Lori S., Gareth Patterson, and Jesús E. Maldonado. "The Knysna elephants: a population study conducted using faecal DNA." African Journal of Ecology 46, no. 1 (March 2008): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00794.x.

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Piggott, Maxine P., and Andrea C. Taylor. "Extensive evaluation of faecal preservation and DNA extraction methods in Australian native and introduced species." Australian Journal of Zoology 51, no. 4 (2003): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo03012.

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We evaluated and compared sixteen combinations of commonly used storage and extraction methods for faecal DNA from two Australian marsupial herbivores, two marsupial carnivores and an introduced carnivorous mammal. For all species the highest amplification and lowest genotyping error rates were achieved using dried faeces extracted via a surface wash followed by spin column purification. The highest error rates were seen in the two Dasyurus spp. and the lowest in Vulpes vulpes. The rates observed for each species were incorporated into computer simulations to identify the number of PCR replica

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Bergmann, Michèle, Stephanie Schwertler, Stephanie Speck, Uwe Truyen, Sven Reese, and Katrin Hartmann. "Faecal shedding of parvovirus deoxyribonucleic acid following modified live feline panleucopenia virus vaccination in healthy cats." Veterinary Record 185, no. 3 (April 30, 2019): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.104661.

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Positive canine parvovirus (CPV) faecal test results have been reported in dogs after modified live virus (MLV) vaccination. Thus, the aim was to investigate feline panleucopenia virus (FPV) shedding in recently vaccinated, adult, clinically healthy cats and to assess related factors. Forty cats were vaccinated with an FPV MLV vaccine. Faeces of cats were tested for presence of parvovirus DNA on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 by quantitative real-time PCR; DNA-positive samples were subjected to partial VP2 gene sequencing. Virus isolation was performed whenever sufficient amounts of faeces were availab

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Rosellini, Stefano, Enrique Osorio, Aritz Ruiz-González, Ana Piñeiro, and Isabel Barja. "Monitoring the small-scale distribution of sympatric European pine martens (Martes martes) and stone martens (Martes foina): a multievidence approach using faecal DNA analysis and camera-traps." Wildlife Research 35, no. 5 (2008): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr07030.

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The European pine marten (Martes martes) and stone marten (Martes foina) are two closely related mustelids that live sympatrically over a large area of Europe. In the northern Iberian Peninsula, the distribution ranges of both species overlap extensively. The objectives of this study were (1) to verify whether, on a small scale, both species also live sympatrically and (2) to compare camera traps and scat DNA as methods for detecting marten species. The study was conducted in a protected area (province of Ourense, north-west Spain), which covers 6700 ha. To test the sympatry hypothesis, 90 fre

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Berry, Oliver, Stephen D. Sarre, Lachlan Farrington, and Nicola Aitken. "Faecal DNA detection of invasive species: the case of feral foxes in Tasmania." Wildlife Research 34, no. 1 (2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr06082.

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Early detection of biological invasions is critical to reducing their impact, but because invading organisms are initially at low densities, detection and eradication can be challenging. Here, we demonstrate the utility of faecal DNA analysis for the detection of an elusive invasive species – the red fox, Vulpes vulpes, which was illegally introduced to the island of Tasmania in the late 1990s. Foxes are a devastating pest to both wildlife and agriculture on the Australian mainland, and would have a similarly serious impact in Tasmania if they became established. Attempts to eradicate foxes fr

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HUNG, G. C., R. B. GASSER, I. BEVERIDGE, and N. B. CHILTON. "Species-specific amplification by PCR of ribosomal DNA from some equine strongyles." Parasitology 119, no. 1 (July 1999): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182099004497.

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The first and second internal transcribed spacer sequences of 28 morphologically-defined species of horse strongyle were characterized, and specific oligonucleotide primers were designed for some species based on the nucleotide differences. Utilizing these primers, a PCR approach was developed for the specific amplification of ribosomal DNA of Strongylus vulgaris, Cyathostomum catinatum, Cylicocyclus nassatus, Cylicostephanus longibursatus or Cylicostephanus goldi. The method allowed the species-specific amplification of parasite DNA derived from faecal samples and/or copro-cultures, demonstra

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Yan, HongBin, XinWen Bo, Youyu Liu, Zhongzi Lou, XingWei Ni, WanGui Shi, Fang Zhan, HongKean Ooi, and WanZhong Jia. "Differential diagnosis of Moniezia benedeni and M. expansa (Anoplocephalidae) by PCR using markers in small ribosomal DNA (18S rDNA)." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 61, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.2013.035.

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Moniezia benedeniandM. expansaare common ruminant tapeworms of worldwide distribution, causing gastrointestinal disorders and even death in sheep and goats. In this study, a polymerase chain reaction- (PCR-) based approach for precise species identification was developed and also applied to faecal DNA diagnosis of the tapeworm infection. Since nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) appears to be a useful target for species and/or strain markers, the 18S regions of the rDNA ofM. benedeniandM. expansawere amplified and sequenced. The lengths and GC contents of the regions sequenced were 2476–2487 bp and 5

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Vierheilig, J., D. Savio, R. E. Ley, R. L. Mach, A. H. Farnleitner, and G. H. Reischer. "Potential applications of next generation DNA sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons in microbial water quality monitoring." Water Science and Technology 72, no. 11 (August 10, 2015): 1962–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.407.

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The applicability of next generation DNA sequencing (NGS) methods for water quality assessment has so far not been broadly investigated. This study set out to evaluate the potential of an NGS-based approach in a complex catchment with importance for drinking water abstraction. In this multi-compartment investigation, total bacterial communities in water, faeces, soil, and sediment samples were investigated by 454 pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicons to assess the capabilities of this NGS method for (i) the development and evaluation of environmental molecular diagnostics, (ii) d

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Mathis, A., P. Deplazes, and J. Eckert. "An improved test system for PCR-based specific detection ofEchinococcus multiloculariseggs." Journal of Helminthology 70, no. 3 (September 1996): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00015443.

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AbstractFor the sensitive detection of eggs ofEchinococcus multilocularisin fox faeces by PCR we have evaluated a method based on the previous concentration of helminth eggs by a combination of sequential sieving of faecal samples and flotation of the eggs in zinc chloride solution. The eggs were microscopically detected in the fractions retained in 40 and 20µm mesh sieves. DNA of the taeniid eggs retained in the 20 µm sieve was obtained after alkaline lysis and PCR was performed usingE. multilocularisspecies-specific primers. Compared to the parasitological findings after examination of the s

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Slinger, K. R., A. H. Stewart, Z. C. T. R. Daniel, H. Hall, H. V. Masey O’Neill, M. R. Bedford, T. Parr, and J. M. Brameld. "The association between faecal host DNA or faecal calprotectin and feed efficiency in pigs fed yeast-enriched protein concentrate." Animal 13, no. 11 (2019): 2483–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1751731119000818.

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OLSEN, B., K. PERSSON, and K. A. BROHOLM. "PCR detection of Chlamydia psittaci in faecal samples from passerine birds in Sweden." Epidemiology and Infection 121, no. 2 (October 1998): 481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268898001320.

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To investigate to what extent wild passerine birds are carriers of Chlamydia psittaci, 312 faecal samples from 18 bird species were collected. Using the PCR technique and subsequent DNA sequencing, C. psittaci DNA was demonstrated in faecal samples from 9 (2·9%) birds of 6 different species. Sera from 65 bird-ringers, highly exposed to wild birds, were tested by microimmunofluorescence assay for the occurrence of IgG and IgM antibodies to C. psittaci. No such antibodies were found. This results indicate that a significant proportion of wild passerine birds are carriers of C. psittaci, but rare

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Anggita, Marla, Okti Herawati, and Sidna Artanto. "Molecular Screening of Salmonella sp. from fecal sample of Sparrows (Passer domesticus) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia." BIO Web of Conferences 33 (2021): 07003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213307003.

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Wild birds is one of the reservoir agent of some of various zoonotic diseases. The study was aim to see the potential of sparrow as the reservoir agent of Salmonella sp. using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. We detected the invA gene of Salmonella sp. from faecal sample of sparrows (Passer domesticus) in local area of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A total of 30 faecal dropping samples were collected from sparrows. DNA was extracted from the faecal samples, then amplified by PCR for the target genes. The amplicons were electrophorized to see the visualization of DNA on the agarose gel. The res

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Bretagne, S., J. P. Guillou, M. Morand, and R. Houin. "Detection ofEchinococcus multilocularisDNA in fox faeces using DNA amplification." Parasitology 106, no. 2 (February 1993): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000074990.

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SUMMARYIn order to identifyEchinococcus multilocularisDNA in fox faeces for epidemiological purposes, we have developed a new method to prepare DNA suitable for PCR amplification. DNA isolation from fox excrement was performed according to a novel procedure involving lysis in KOH, phenol–chloroform extraction and a purification step on a matrix (Prep-A-Gene®). The target sequence for amplification was theE. multilocularisU1 snRNA gene. PCR products were indistinguishable for 32 differentE. multilocularisisolates and no signal was observed after ethidium bromide staining with DNAs from other ta

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