Thematische Bibliographien / Foam lifetimes / Zeitschriftenartikel
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Foam lifetimes“

Autor: Grafiati
Veröffentlicht am 25. Mai 2024

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1

Briceño-Ahumada, Zenaida, Alesya Mikhailovskaya, and Jennifer A. Staton. "The role of continuous phase rheology on the stabilization of edible foams: A review." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 3 (2022): 031302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0078851.

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Foams play an essential role in food. They contribute to the texture, aroma, and mouthfeel of a product; potentially reduce calories; and visually inspire the consumer. Understanding factors that control foam structure and bubble lifetimes is, therefore, of considerable interest. This review focuses on the effect of the continuous phase rheology for bubbly systems with an emphasis on edible foams. We review common biopolymers used to alter the rheology of the continuous phase of food foams and discuss potential mechanisms responsible for the production and stabilization of such systems. Variat
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Szekrényesy, T., K. Liktor, and N. Sándor. "Characterization of foam stability by the use of foam models 1. Models and derived lifetimes." Colloids and Surfaces 68, no. 4 (1992): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-6622(92)80212-k.

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Linul, Petrică, Radu Bănică, Oana Grad, Emanoil Linul, and Nicolae Vaszilcsin. "Highly Electroconductive Metal-Polymer Hybrid Foams Based on Silver Nanowires: Manufacturing and Characterization." Polymers 16, no. 5 (2024): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16050608.

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Due to their electroconductive properties, flexible open-cell polyurethane foam/silver nanowire (PUF/AgNW) structures can provide an alternative for the construction of cheap pressure transducers with limited lifetimes or used as filter media for air conditioning units, presenting bactericidal and antifungal properties. In this paper, highly electroconductive metal-polymer hybrid foams (MPHFs) based on AgNWs were manufactured and characterized. The electrical resistance of MPHFs with various degrees of AgNW coating was measured during repeated compression. For low degrees of AgNW coating, the
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4

Arabadzhieva, Dimi, Plamen Tchoukov, and Elena Mileva. "Impact of Adsorption Layer Properties on Drainage Behavior of Microscopic Foam Films: The Case of Cationic/Nonionic Surfactant Mixtures." Colloids and Interfaces 4, no. 4 (2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids4040053.

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Aqueous mixtures of cationic hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) and nonionic pentaethyleneglycol monododecyl ether (C12E5) are investigated. Adsorption layer properties are systematically studied within a wide concentration range for a 1:1 molar ratio of the surfactants. Surface tension and dilatational rheology measurements are conducted by profile analysis tensiometry. The interfacial data are juxtaposed to drainage kinetics and stability results for microscopic foam films, investigated by microinterferometric thin liquid film instrumentation. The obtained results give experimental e
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Czakaj, Agnieszka, Emmanouil Chatzigiannakis, Jan Vermant, Marcel Krzan, and Piotr Warszyński. "The Influence of the Surface Chemistry of Cellulose Nanocrystals on Ethyl Lauroyl Arginate Foam Stability." Polymers 14, no. 24 (2022): 5402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14245402.

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Guanidine-based surfactant ethyl lauroyl arginate (LAE) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) form complexes of enhanced surface activity when compared to pure surfactants. The LAE-CNC mixtures show enhanced foaming properties. The dynamic thin-film balance technique (DTFB) was used to study the morphology, drainage and rupture of LAE-CNC thin liquid films under constant driving pressure. A total of three concentrations of surfactant and the corresponding mixtures of LAE with sulfated (sCNC) and carboxylated (cCNC) cellulose nanocrystals were studied. The sCNC and cCNC suspension with LAE formed t
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Peralta, Alexander, Frederick Just-Agosto, Basir Shafiq, and David Serrano. "Innovative vibration technique applied to polyurethane foam as a viable substitute for conventional fatigue testing." Journal of the Mechanical Behaviour of Materials 21, no. 3-4 (2012): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmbm-2011-0013.

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AbstractLifetime prediction using three-point bending (TPB) can at times be prohibitively time consuming and costly, whereas vibration testing at higher frequency may potentially save time and revenue. A vibration technique that obtains lifetimes that reasonably match those determined under flexural TPB fatigue is developed. The technique designs the specimen with a procedure based on shape optimization and finite element analysis. When the specimen is vibrated in resonance, a stress pattern that mimics the stress pattern observed under conventional TPB fatigue testing is obtained. The propose
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SUN, QICHENG, LIANGHUI TAN, and GUANGQIAN WANG. "LIQUID FOAM DRAINAGE: AN OVERVIEW." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 15 (2008): 2333–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979208039514.

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Liquid foams are concentrated dispersions of gas bubbles in a small amount of surfactant solution, which are perpetually out of equilibrium systems. The process of liquid draining through networks of Plateau borders in a fresh foam is so-called foam drainage, as a result of both gravitational and capillary forces, which has great effect on the stability of foams. From the view of foam physics and dynamics, this paper briefly introduces foam structure and major lifetime limiting factors of foam. The substantial progress on the theory of drainage, measuring techniques for liquid fractions, drain
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AbdelKader, Atef. "The effect of cell boundary on 2D foam." MATEC Web of Conferences 192 (2018): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819201011.

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We have studied the effect of cell boundary on 2D foam, with particular attention to perfect arrays of identical bubbles, and those containing only a single defect with time. We have also examined the effect of the wetness of the foam, observing the stability of two-dimensional foam comprising bubble rafts constrained to a fixed area of liquid surface. Perfectly six-fold coordinated foam appear to be unstable against loss of cohesion, but the lifetime to breakage of the perfect foam increases systematically with changing the cell boundaries. Foams containing a single defect are stable against
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Yilixiati, Subinuer, Ewelina Wojcik, Yiran Zhang, and Vivek Sharma. "Spinodal stratification in ultrathin micellar foam films." Molecular Systems Design & Engineering 4, no. 3 (2019): 626–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8me00102b.

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We report the discovery and analysis of spinodal stratification, a hitherto unreported mechanism underlying drainage and rupture of micellar foam films, that presents unexplored opportunities for understanding and controlling the stability, lifetime and properties of ubiquitous foams.
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Zimnyakov, Dmitry, Marina Alonova, Ekaterina Ushakova, Olga Ushakova, Anna Isaeva, and Elena Isaeva. "Dynamic Light Scattering by Foamed Polymers during Preparation of Scaffold Prototypes: Events Statistics Analysis versus Evaluation of Correlation Time in Data Interpretation." Photonics 8, no. 12 (2021): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8120549.

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Polylactide foaming as the key stage in laboratory preparation of highly porous biocompatible matrices used as scaffold prototypes was monitored based the effect of dynamic light scattering in expanding polylactide foams. Intensity fluctuations of scattered laser radiation in the course of foam expansion were analyzed using ensemble-averaged estimates of the speckle lifetime within a running window in the time domain. It was found that, in contrast to the commonly used correlation time of intensity fluctuations, the values of the average speckle lifetime are invariant with respect to the type
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Gochev, Georgi G., Vamseekrishna Ulaganathan, Inga Retzlaff та ін. "β-Lactoglobulin Adsorption Layers at the Water/Air Surface: 4. Impact on the Stability of Foam Films and Foams". Minerals 10, № 7 (2020): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10070636.

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The complexity and high sensitivity of proteins to environmental factors give rise to a multitude of variables, which affect the stabilization mechanisms in protein foams. Interfacial and foaming properties of proteins have been widely studied, but the reported unique effect of pH, which can be of great interest to applications, has been investigated to a lesser extent. In this paper, we focus on the impact of pH on the stability of black foam films and corresponding foams obtained from solutions of a model globular protein—the whey β-lactoglobulin (BLG). Foam stability was analyzed utilizing
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Knotek, Vítězslav, Michal Ďurovič, and Irena Kučerová. "The Effect of Synthetic Polymer Foams on Cellulosic Material Degradation." Materials 16, no. 3 (2023): 1210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16031210.

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Polymeric materials are widely used at present as auxiliary materials in the preservation of tangible cultural heritage in museums, galleries, or libraries. The desired properties of such materials include chemical inertness and long lifetime, which are verified by accelerated aging tests. This work has tested three color types of PE foam Plastazote® LD45 (white, grey, and black), which is recommended for use in the field of cultural heritage preservation. The volatile organic compounds released from the foams after artificial aging and their influence on lignocellulosic materials were investi
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Алонова, М. В., С. С. Волчков, Д. А. Зимняков та ін. "Оптическая диффузионная диагностика эволюционирующих полимерных пен". Журнал технической физики 93, № 4 (2023): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2023.04.55033.279-22.

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Various approaches to the optical diagnostics of evolving polymer foams formed as a result of a decrease in the external pressure according to a given scenario in the "polymer - supercritical fluid" systems are considered.Formed polymer foams are considered as a material platform for the creation of scaffolds for biomedical applications. Diagnostics of the current state of the foam was carried out by statistical analysis of the spatiotemporal fluctuations of the probe laser radiation,multiple scattered in the volume of the evolving foam, or by analyzing the fluorescent response during foaming
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Taherishargh, Mehdi, Bálint Katona, Thomas Fiedler, and Imre Norbert Orbulov. "Fatigue properties of expanded perlite/aluminum syntactic foams." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 6 (2016): 773–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316654305.

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The main purpose of this paper is to present the basic fatigue properties of metal matrix syntactic foams. The investigated syntactic foams consisting of expanded perlite and A356 aluminum matrix were produced using an inert gas pressure infiltration technique. The obtained foams were subjected to cyclic compressive loading in order to investigate their fatigue properties. The standard procedure for cyclic fatigue testing was slightly modified to account for the variation of porosity and strength which is typical for metallic foam samples. This approach allows the direct comparison of the fati
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15

Zhu, Qing You, Weike Peng, Cheng Ji Deng, and Hong Xi Zhu. "The Preparation of Porous Andalusite Refractory by Foaming Method." Advanced Materials Research 881-883 (January 2014): 1026–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.881-883.1026.

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Andalusite can be used to produce porous refractory with the method of foaming and its properties are very good. The bulk density can be controlled by the quantity of foam easily. The compressive strength can reach almost 9 Mpa (1.0g/cm3). The expansion transmit by pores, the remianing andalusite and the transverse growing of mullite crystal are all good for the stabilization of sample during heating. The agglomeration of foam is bad for foaming slurry while stiring, so one way to well-distribute the pores is enhancing the strength of foams. Andalusite can prolong the lifetime of refractory.
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Du, Changling, David Anthony Fikhman, and Mary Beth Browning Monroe. "Shape Memory Polymer Foams with Phenolic Acid-Based Antioxidant Properties." Antioxidants 11, no. 6 (2022): 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11061105.

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Phenolic acids (PAs) are natural antioxidant agents in the plant kingdom that are part of the human diet. The introduction of naturally occurring PAs into the network of synthetic shape memory polymer (SMP) polyurethane (PU) foams during foam fabrication can impart antioxidant properties to the resulting scaffolds. In previous work, PA-containing SMP foams were synthesized to provide materials that retained the desirable shape memory properties of SMP PU foams with additional antimicrobial properties that were derived from PAs. Here, we explore the impact of PA incorporation on SMP foam antiox
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Alonova M.V., Volchkov S.S., Zimnyakov D.A., et al. "Optical diffusion diagnostics of evolving polymer foams." Technical Physics 68, no. 4 (2023): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/tp.2023.04.55933.279-22.

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Various approaches to the optical diagnostics of evolving polymer foams formed as a result of a decrease in the external pressure according to a given scenario in the "polymer-supercritical fluid" systems are considered.Formed polymer foams are considered as a material platform for the creation of scaffolds for biomedical applications. Diagnostics of the current state of the foam was carried out by statistical analysis of the spatiotemporal fluctuations of the probe laser radiation,multiple scattered in the volume of the evolving foam, or by analyzing the fluorescent response
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del Castillo-Santaella, Teresa, Yan Yang, Inmaculada Martínez-González, et al. "Effect of Hyaluronic Acid and Pluronic-F68 on the Surface Properties of Foam as a Delivery System for Polidocanol in Sclerotherapy." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 11 (2020): 1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12111039.

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The use of foams to deliver bioactive agents and drugs is increasing in pharmaceutics. One example is the use of foam as a delivery system for polidocanol (POL) in sclerotherapy, with the addition of bioactive compounds to improve the delivery system being a current subject of study. This work shows the influence of two bioactive additives on the structure and stability of POL foam: hyaluronic acid (HA) and Pluronic-F68 (F68). HA is a natural non-surface-active biopolymer present in the extracellular matrix while F68 is a surface-active poloxamer that is biocompatible with plasma-derived fluid
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Pfalzner, Susanne, Shahrzad Dehghani, and Arnaud Michel. "Most Planets Might Have More than 5 Myr of Time to Form." Astrophysical Journal Letters 939, no. 1 (2022): L10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac9839.

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Abstract The lifetime of protoplanetary disks is a crucial parameter for planet formation research. Observations of disk fractions in star clusters imply median disk lifetimes of 1–3 Myr. This very short disk lifetime calls for planet formation to occur extremely rapidly. We show that young, distant clusters (≤5 Myr, >200 pc) often dominate these types of studies. Such clusters frequently suffer from limiting magnitudes leading to an over-representation of high-mass stars. As high-mass stars disperse their disks earlier, the derived disk lifetimes apply best to high-mass stars rather than l
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Zhang, Zhenyu, Guangyao Shen, Rongbo Li, et al. "Long-Service-Life Rigid Polyurethane Foam Fillings for Spent Fuel Transportation Casks." Polymers 16, no. 2 (2024): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16020229.

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Soft materials bearing rigid, lightweight, and vibration-dampening properties offer distinct advantages over traditional wooden and metal-based fillings for spent fuel transport casks, due to their low density, tunable structure, excellent mechanical properties, and ease of processing. In this study, a novel type of rigid polyurethane foam is prepared using a conventional polycondensation reaction between isocyanate and hydroxy groups. Moreover, the density and size of the pores in these foams are precisely controlled through simultaneous gas generation. The as-prepared polyurethane exhibits h
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Arangalage, Mélanie, Jean-Philippe Gingras, Nicolas Passade-Boupat, François Lequeux, and Laurence Talini. "Asphaltenes at Oil/Gas Interfaces: Foamability Even with No Significant Surface Activity." Colloids and Interfaces 3, no. 1 (2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids3010002.

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In the oil industry, oil foams can be found at different steps from the crude oil treatment to the gas stations. Their lifetime can sometimes reach several hours and be much longer than the residence times available for gas/liquid separation. However, the conditions of formation and stability of such foams have been poorly studied in the literature, in contrast to the foamability of aqueous systems. On the fields, it is currently observed that crude oils enriched with asphaltenes form particularly stable foams. In this work, we have studied the influence of asphaltenes on the foamability of oi
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Zaharia, Sebastian Marian, Mihai Alin Pop, and Răzvan Udroiu. "Reliability and Lifetime Assessment of Glider Wing’s Composite Spar through Accelerated Fatigue Life Testing." Materials 13, no. 10 (2020): 2310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13102310.

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The evaluation of the reliability and the lifetime of aerospace components has become an important segment of the design stage. The aeronautical components are subjected to complex, rigorous tests and have a long test life. The main goal in the field of aviation is to have components with high reliability and quality and to meet the mandatory requirements and regulations. The spars are stiffening components positioned along the wing and which take up most of the load and are tested for fatigue over a long period of time. The spar which was analysed in this study has a sandwich structure with G
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Busahmin, Bashir, and Brij Maini. "A Potential Parameter for A Non-Darcy Form of Two-Phase Flow Behaviour, Compressibility Related." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.3 (2018): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.3.14504.

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Numerous scientists did their studies and conducted various laboratory experiments related to a non-Darcy behavior of a two-phase flow for the past thirty years, and made an effort to clarify the behavior. Non-Darcy flow behavior, phenomena occurred in primary recovery method of reservoirs that have an API degree gravity of less than 20. It was confirmed that it results in greater production. The compressibility of foam fits to be the one of the general fundamental factor that directs the lifetime of a non-Darcy form of two phase flow behavior or also is known as the foamy oil. In the process
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San, Jingshan, Sai Wang, Jianjia Yu, Ning Liu, and Robert Lee. "Nanoparticle-Stabilized Carbon Dioxide Foam Used In Enhanced Oil Recovery: Effect of Different Ions and Temperatures." SPE Journal 22, no. 05 (2017): 1416–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/179628-pa.

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Summary This paper reports the study of the effect of different ions (monovalent, bivalent, and multiple ions) on nanosilica-stabilized carbon dioxide (CO2) foam generation. CO2 foam was generated by coinjecting CO2/5,000 ppm nanosilica dispersion (dispersed in different concentrations of brine) into a sandstone core under 1,500 psi and at different temperatures. A sapphire observation cell was used to determine the foam texture and foam stability. Pressure drop across the core was measured to estimate the foam mobility. The results indicated that more CO2 foam was generated as the sodium chlo
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Garciadiego Ortega, Eduardo, and Julian RG Evans. "On the energy required to maintain an ocean mirror using the reflectance of foam." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment 233, no. 1 (2018): 388–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475090217750442.

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Among the various interventions proposed to remediate the health and security effects of climate change by solar radiation protection is the proposal to enhance natural ocean whitecap formation. Compared to other solar protection interventions, this is technically simple and quickly terminated. However, it has a drawback: even if the energy be obtained from wind or wave, the power demand to maintain a foam raft determines the capitalization of equipment. The average power demand is inversely related to foam lifetime which can be prolonged by surfactants preferably derived from ingenerate resou
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Canto, Gizele Scotti do, Janine Treter, Samanta Yang, Gustavo Luís Borré, Maria Paula Garofo Peixoto, and George González Ortega. "Evaluation of foam properties of saponin from Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil. (Aquifoliaceae) fruits." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 46, no. 2 (2010): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502010000200010.

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Saponins are natural compounds able to form abundant foam, a desirable quality required in some chemical, foods, cosmetic and pharmaceutical processes. Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil. (Aquifoliaceae) known as mate, is a South American widely cultivated specie due to the preparation of a tea-like beverage from its leaves. Moreover, its green fruits are a rich source of non-toxic and very low haemolytic saponins. In this study, mate saponin fraction (MSF) was evaluated as a foam former, focusing on its foamability, foam lifetime, and film drainage in the presence of different electrolytes (ionic
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Vilkova, Natalya G., Svetlana I. Mishina, and Evgeniy D. Deputatov. "FOAMS STABILIZATION BY HYDROPHOBIZED OXIDES OF VARIOUS CHEMICAL NATURE." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 63, no. 3 (2020): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20206303.6126.

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The properties of foams stabilized by hydrophobized titanium oxide and silica are studied. It was shown that when hexylamine was added to silica suspensions (in an amount of ≥ 10 mmol/l), the values of the hydrogen index corresponded to the alkaline region. Moreover, the stability of such foams increases with the increasing concentration of hexylamine and an increase in the relative degree of hydrophobization to ng = 2.75 mmol/g. However, rapid destruction of disperse systems is possible when a certain degree of hydrophobization is achieved (for example, ng≥3 in aerosil suspensions), which is
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Wan, Yuntian, Xue Lin, Zhongshuai Chang, Xiaohui Dai, and Jiangdong Dai. "Chelation Assembly of Cellulose Nanohydrogel onto Flower-Like Structured Foam with Underwater Superoleophobicity for Highly Efficient Oil–Water Separation." Nano 16, no. 06 (2021): 2150061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292021500612.

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Currently, with the increasingly serious pollution problem of oily wastewater, it is urgent to develop advanced materials and methods. In this work, a Fe(III)-CMC@Ni(OH)2@Ni composite foam with superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobicity was fabricated by an in situ growth of flower-like Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles and chelated assembly of Fe(III)-CMC nanohydrogel via a layer-by-layer self assembly using [Formula: see text] ion and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The composite foam could separate various oil/water mixtures and exhibited excellent efficiency over 99%. This foam possessed ultrah
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Su, Mingyu, Shengli Zhu, Zhenduo Cui, et al. "A self-supported FeNi layered double hydroxide anode with high activity and long-term stability for efficient oxygen evolution reaction." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 5, no. 12 (2021): 3205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1se00558h.

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The FeNi-layered double hydroxides nanoparticles with high oxygen evolution reaction activity and prominent catalytic lifetime were first self-assembled on FeNi foam. This catalyst has a promising future for large-scale non-precious materials in the industry.
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Callaghan, Adrian H., Grant B. Deane, and M. Dale Stokes. "Two Regimes of Laboratory Whitecap Foam Decay: Bubble-Plume Controlled and Surfactant Stabilized." Journal of Physical Oceanography 43, no. 6 (2013): 1114–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-12-0148.1.

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Abstract A laboratory experiment to quantify whitecap foam decay time in the presence or absence of surface active material is presented. The investigation was carried out in the glass seawater channel at the Hydraulics Facility of Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Whitecaps were generated with focused, breaking wave packets in filtered seawater pumped from La Jolla Shores Beach with and without the addition of the surfactant Triton X-100. Concentrations of Triton X-100 (204 μg L−1) were chosen to correspond to ocean conditions of medium productivity. Whitecap foam and subsurface bubble-plu
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MAZARI, FUNDA BUYUK, ADNAN MAZARI, DAVID CIRKL, and ANTONIN HAVELKA. "Comparison of different interlining materials of car seat cover under repeated loadings." Industria Textila 71, no. 03 (2020): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.071.03.1704.

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In this article, four most commonly used interlining materials (3D spacer fabric, non-woven felt, reticulated foam, and classic Poly-Urethane foam) are tested for comfort and durability. All four layers are tested initially for the air and moisture permeability, then for water vapour permeability under loading and finally tested for compressibility and durability. The repeated loading equivalent to real human pressure was inserted on the samples for 40,000 times to analyse the effect of repeated compression on the interlining materials. This research work gives a very in-depth knowledge of per
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Hofmann, Matthias J., and Hubert Motschmann. "Measurement of the lifetime of individual foam lamellae." Review of Scientific Instruments 87, no. 9 (2016): 094101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4962404.

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Cho, Jae Ung, Li Yang Xie, Chong Du Cho, and Sang Kyo Lee. "Crack Propagation of CCT Foam Specimen under Impact Fatigue." Advanced Materials Research 118-120 (June 2010): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.118-120.32.

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The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the low or high strain rate on the impact fatigue properties of the nickel foam material and to understand the lifetime of this material which is subjected to the repeated impacts at different energy levels. Failures of foam materials under single and repeated impacts analogous to fatigue are essential to designers and users in military and aerospace structures. The material failure induced by repeated impact loading becomes a critical issue because of significant loss of stiffness and compressive strength in the foam material. Testin
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Jeffs, G. M. F., J. D. Rosbotham, B. Mathys, and R. Frigo. "Polyurethane Rigid Foam Systems for Metal-Faced Sandwich Panels for the 1990s." Cellular Polymers 10, no. 6 (1991): 439–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026248939101000601.

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Sandwich panels with polyurethane rigid foam cores are important building elements for a wide variety of applications. They are used for the cost effective construction of industrial and commercial buildingsand in many stages of the food chain, including cold storage, cold rooms and refrigerated transport containers and trucks. The blowing agent used in the foam systems has traditionally been CFC-ll. This has contributed to the excellent thermal resistance of the panels but its use will be phased out by the year 2000. Foam systems have been developed based on a wide variety of alternatives. Th
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Ren, Zheng De, Sheng Qin Zhang, Zhu Bing Gao, and Qian Ying Zhang. "Thermodynamics and Dynamics of Nitrogen Increasing in LF Refining Process." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 2387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.2387.

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Nitrogen is one of harmful elements in liquid steel. Reducing nitrogen quantity is required for making high-grade steel. This paper analyzes the reaction mechanism of nitrogen increasing through the methods of metallurgical thermodynamics and dynamics. In liquid steel dissolved nitrogen and nitrides are the main forms of nitrogen. The factors of influence on nitrogen increasing are temperature, kinds and quantity of the alloying elements in the liquid steel, , the lifetime of foam in foam slag, the quantity of flow of argon and so on. Analytical results of metallurgical thermodynamics and dyna
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Gonzalez Viejo, Claudia, Christopher H. Caboche, Edward D. Kerr, et al. "Development of a Rapid Method to Assess Beer Foamability Based on Relative Protein Content Using RoboBEER and Machine Learning Modeling." Beverages 6, no. 2 (2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages6020028.

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Foam-related parameters are associated with beer quality and dependent, among others, on the protein content. This study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model to predict the pattern and presence of 54 proteins. Triplicates of 24 beer samples were analyzed through proteomics. Furthermore, samples were analyzed using the RoboBEER to evaluate 15 physical parameters (color, foam, and bubbles), and a portable near-infrared (NIR) device. Proteins were grouped according to their molecular weight (MW), and a matrix was developed to assess only the significant correlations (p < 0.05) with t
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Mironov, Vladimir, Lukashuk, and Dmitriy Ogorelkov. "Two Approaches to the Problem of High-cycle Fatigue of Materials and Structures." MATEC Web of Conferences 253 (2019): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925301004.

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Creation of new types of materials and development of new methods aimed at extending the lifetime of structures are two interconnected approaches to solve the problem of metallic structures fatigue. The paper considers a method for estimating the efficiency of damping implemented in metallic structures by means of energy-intensive materials. The results of comparative calculation are given on the ultimate number of transverse vibration cycles in bridge girders. The calculation uses a linear hypothesis of fatigue-caused damage summation and a model of cyclic material degradation. Notable increa
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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Synthesis New Liquid Selective Electrodes of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride for Determination Ciprofloxacin in Pure form and Pharmaceuticals Preparation." Baghdad Science Journal 14, no. 4 (2017): 787–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.14.4.787-792.

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New membrane electrodes for determination of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride were prepared depending on ciprofloxacin hydrochloride - phosphotungstic acid (CFH-PT) as an active material and these electrodes were made with three plasticizers: Di-octylphenylphosphonate(DOPH), Di-butyl phosphate (DBP)Tri-n-butyl phosphate(TBP), in PVC matrix. One of the ciprofloxacin electrodes was gave Nernstian slope equal to 57.21 mV/ decade for DOPH membrane with concentration range from 1.5×10-5 to1.0×10-1 M, and detection limit equal to 1.5×10-6 M .Lifetime was 93 days. Non- Nernstian responses equal to 39.40 a
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Toubia, Elias A., Sadra Emami, and Donald Klosterman. "Degradation mechanisms of balsa wood and PVC foam sandwich core composites due to freeze/thaw exposure in saline solution." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 21, no. 3 (2017): 990–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636217706895.

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Structural engineers commonly use balsa wood and PVC foam as core materials for sandwich composite structures. These structures are frequently exposed to thermal cycling in sea water. The long-term performance and damage mechanism of these composite sandwich structures under such environmental conditions are still unclear. To simulate these effects, sandwich panels using balsa wood (SB100) and foam core (Airex C70.55) with fiber glass/vinyl ester face sheets were exposed to 100 days of freeze/thaw exposure (−20℃ to 20℃). The freezing and thawing occurred in presence of a saline solution. A tot
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Karalko, Anton, Peter Keša, Frantisek Jelínek, et al. "In Vivo Contrast Imaging of Rat Heart with Carbon Dioxide Foam." Sensors 22, no. 14 (2022): 5124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22145124.

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Widely used classical angiography with the use of iodine contrast agents is highly problematic, particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus, cardiac and pulmonary diseases, or degree III or IV renal insufficiency. Some patients may be susceptible to allergic reaction to the iodine contrast substance. The intravenous injection of a bolus of CO2 (negative contrast) is an alternative method, which is, however, currently only used for imaging blood vessels of the lower limbs. The aim of our project was to design and test on an animal model a methodology for injecting the CO2 foam which would m
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Reichenbach, Michael. ""Our foam materials help to extend the lifetime of batteries"." ATZ worldwide 124, no. 12 (2022): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38311-022-1427-1.

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Treter, Janine, Maria P. G. Peixoto, George G. Ortega, and Gizele S. Canto. "Foam-forming properties of Ilex paraguariensis (mate) saponin: foamability and foam lifetime analysis by Weibull equation." Química Nova 33, no. 7 (2010): 1440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-40422010000700003.

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Wagner, Martin, Andreas Mösenbacher, Marion Eiber, Martin Hoyer, Marco Riva, and Hans-Jürgen Christ. "Thermomechanical Fatigue of Lost Foam Cast Al–Si Cylinder Heads—Assessment of Crack Origin Based on the Evaluation of Pore Distribution." Metals 9, no. 8 (2019): 821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9080821.

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In automotive cylinder heads, thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) leads to crack initiation within the critical loaded sections. This effect becomes even more relevant in lost foam cast cylinder heads since its system-dependent porosity shows a significant influence on the lifetime under TMF loading. This work covers the identification of a criterion for crack initiation in order to provide the basis for an effective quality control with improved statistical safety by nondestructive testing. Specimens extracted from lost foam cylinder heads were investigated by uniaxial TMF tests, X-ray micro compu
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Yin, Zhengyu, Rui He, Huaibin Xue, et al. "A bimetallic-activated MnO2 self-assembly electrode with a dual heterojunction structure for high-performance rechargeable zinc-air batteries." Energy Materials 2, no. 3 (2022): 200021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/energymater.2022.17.

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A major challenge in developing zinc-air batteries (ZABs) is to exploit suitable cathodes to efficiently accelerate the key electrocatalytic processes involved. Herein, a bifunctional oxygen catalytic self-supported MnO2-based electrode is designed that displays superior oxygen reduction and evolution reaction performance over noble metal electrodes with a total overpotential of 0.69 V. In addition, the as-synthesized NiCo2O4@MnO2/carbon nanotube (CNT)-Ni foam self-supported electrode can be directly used as an oxygen electrode without externally adding carbon or a binder and shows reasonable
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Kashchiev, D., and D. Exerowa. "Lifetime of a Foam Bilayer in Contact with an Insoluble Monolayer." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 203, no. 1 (1998): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1998.5527.

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Figueroa, Evaristo, and Basir Shafiq. "Shift in failure modes in foam core sandwich composites subject to repeated slamming on water." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials 22, no. 1-2 (2013): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmbm-2013-0012.

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AbstractA test program designed and carried out to mimic the repeated impact of the bow section of fast-moving small boats on the ocean surface provided some unique observations in terms of failure mode transition. Damage progression and modes of failure were evaluated for two types of sandwich composites with comparable global strength and stiffness but different foam density and facesheet strength. Testing was performed on flat rectangular specimens that contained symmetric semi-elliptical edge flaws produced near the end of the specimen held by the rotating cam. Type 1 specimens (softer cor
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de la Paz, Ismael, and Basir Shafiq. "Creep relaxation and fully reversible creep of foam core sandwich composites in seawater." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials 24, no. 5-6 (2015): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmbm-2015-0019.

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AbstractFoam core sandwich composites were subjected to (i) creep to failure, (ii) cyclic creep-relaxation and (iii) fully reversible cyclic creep loading in seawater in order to mimic an actual ship hull’s service lifetime scenario. The results indicate a strong dependence of lifetime on the mode of loading. A significant reduction in the overall life was observed under cyclic creep as compared with the conventional creep to failure. Creep relaxation (R=1) tests were performed at loading-relaxation periods of 24/24, 24/12, 24/6, 12/12 and 6/6 h, while the fully reversible (R=-1) creep tests w
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Feucht, Dominik C., Matthias J. Hofmann, and Hubert Motschmann. "Simultaneous measurement of the thickness and the lifetime of a foam lamella." Review of Scientific Instruments 90, no. 12 (2019): 124102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5119192.

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Yang, Xin, and Henry Potter. "A Novel Method to Discriminate Active from Residual Whitecaps Using Particle Image Velocimetry." Remote Sensing 13, no. 20 (2021): 4051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13204051.

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Whitecap foam generated by wind-driven wave breaking is distinguished as either active (stage A) or residual (stage B). Discrimination of whitecap stages is essential to quantify the influence of whitecaps on the physical and chemical processes at the marine boundary layer. This study provides a novel method to identify whitecap stages based on visible imagery using particle image velocimetry (PIV). Data used are from a Gulf of Mexico cruise where collocated infrared (IR) and visible cameras simultaneously recorded whitecaps. IR images were processed by an established thresholding method to de
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Sun, Luxi, and Animesh JK Patel. "Outcomes of split vs full-thickness skin grafts in scalp reconstruction in outpatient local anaesthetic theatre." Scars, Burns & Healing 7 (January 2021): 205951312110565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20595131211056542.

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Background Surgical excision remains the cornerstone of simultaneous diagnosis and treatment of suspicious skin lesions, and the scalp is a high-risk area for skin cancers due to increased cumulative lifetime ultraviolet (UV) exposure. Due to the inelasticity of scalp skin, most excisions with predetermined margins require reconstruction with skin grafting. Methods A retrospective single-centre cohort study was performed of all patients undergoing outpatient local anaesthetic scalp skin excision and skin graft reconstruction in the Plastic Surgery Department at Addenbrookes Hospital over a 20-
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