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Thematische Bibliographien / Food utilization efficiencies / Zeitschriftenartikel

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Food utilization efficiencies“

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Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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1

Cohen, Allen C., and Nina M. Urias. "FOOD UTILIZATION AND EGESTION RATES OF THE PREDATOR GEOCORIS PUNCTIPES (HEMIPTERA: HETEROPTERA) FED ARTIFICIAL DIETS WITH RUTIN." Journal of Entomological Science 23, no. 2 (1988): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-23.2.174.

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A predaceous hemipteran, Geocoris punctipes (Say) was fed an artificial diet containing 0, 0.01, 0.10, or 1.00% rutin, a plant secondary chemical known to affect adversely certain phytophagous insects. Survival rates, exuvial weights, egg weights, relative growth rates, consumption indices, growth efficiencies, metabolic efficiencies and digestive efficiencies were unaffected by any of the rutin concentrations tested. Frass production for nymphs and adults was decreased by all rutin treatments. Uric acid excretion was decreased by all rutin concentrations in adult G. punctipes but not in nymph

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Costa, F. J. C. B., B. B. M. Rocha, C. E. Viana, and A. C. Toledo. "Utilization of Vinasse Effluents from an Anaerobic Reactor." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 12 (1986): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0169.

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An anaerobic reactor was developed to biodigest alcohol distillery wastes. A further post-treatment of the effluent reduced the level of pollution to the point of eventually discharging into streams and rivers. The present work also analyses the use of biodigested vinasse as a source of food for fish. Very high efficiencies were obtained during primary and secondary treatment of vinasse effluent, as demonstrated by the greatly reduced organic load. The utilization of the treated effluent as a source of fish food presents an excellent alternative for the Brazilian alcohol industry.

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Barros de Freitas, Ana Carolina, Aylton Bartholazzi Junior, Celia Raquel Quirino, and Ricardo Lopes Dias da Costa. "Water and food utilization efficiencies in sheep and their relationship with some production traits." Small Ruminant Research 197 (April 2021): 106334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106334.

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4

Slansky, F. "Food utilization by insects: Interpretation of observed differences between dry weight and energy efficiencies." Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 39, no. 1 (1985): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1985.tb03542.x.

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5

Stamp, Nancy E. "Stability of Growth and Consumption Rates and Food Utilization Efficiencies When Insects Are given an Excess of Food." Annals of the Entomological Society of America 84, no. 1 (1991): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aesa/84.1.58.

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6

Luthra, Kaushik, and Sammy Sadaka. "Energy and Exergy Efficiencies of Fluidized and Fixed Bed Rice Drying." Transactions of the ASABE 64, no. 6 (2021): 1943–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.14670.

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HighlightsFluidized bed drying of rough riceat 40°C with or without ambient air dehumidification worked best based on the energy and exergy utilization.The dryer lost exergy in the exit air, which was the primary cause of thermal inefficiency; recirculation of the exit air could improve the exergy efficiency.Ambient air dehumidification did not reduce the dryer’s energy utilization and exergy efficiency for rough rice.Abstract. Fluidized bed drying of rough rice in the U.S. has not been used to its full potential due to a lack of research to address rice quality impacts and energy consumption.

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Brodbeck, Brent V., Peter C. Andersen, and Russell F. Mizell. "649 PB 419 UTILIZATION OF XYLEM FLUID DURING DEVELOPMENT BY THE LEAFHOPPER VECTOR, HOMALODISCA COAGULATA." HortScience 29, no. 5 (1994): 525f—525. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.525f.

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Homalodisca coagulata (Say) is a xylem feeding leafhopper that is the principal vector of many economically-important diseases resulting from infection by Xylella fastidiosa (i.e., plum leaf scald, phony peach disease, Pierce's disease). Xylem fluid consists primarily of dilute concentrations of amino acids, organic acids and inorganic ions, and thus provides less nitrogen and carbon for herbivorous insects than any other plant tissue. Despite these nutritional constraints, H. coagulata is highly polyphagous. To assess how H. coagulata subsists on this dilute food source we examined host utili

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Moran, J. B. "The influence of season and management system on intake and productivity of confined dairy cows in a Mediterranean climate." Animal Science 49, no. 3 (1989): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100032554.

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The influence of season and management system on the productivity of Friesian cows in a Mediterranean climate was assessed. Intakes of food and water and milk yields were measured in 154 cows over 2·5 years while intensively managed in yards giving access to shelter (free stalls) or that were fully exposed to solar radiation (open lots). Food quality was also monitored to permit estimates of the efficiency of utilization of metabolizable energy for milk production over fortnightly periods.The highest milk yields and energetic efficiencies were recorded during spring. Energy intakes were highes

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Semwal, D. P., and Shamila Kalia. "Energy budget of a phytophagous insect, an acridian criotettix grandis hanc." Indian Journal of Forestry 37, no. 1 (2014): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2014-i8u0qi.

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The studies on energetics are concerned mainly with evaluating the energy flow and, therefore, are related to the incorporation of energy into new protoplasm in addition to estimates of maintenance of energy. The work with Criotettix grandis Hanc. has still not been worked upon therefore Quantitative estimation of consumption, assimilation, tissue growth and food utilization efficiencies of the phytophagous insect was calculated and worked out.

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Peoples, A. C., and F. J. Gordon. "The influence of wilting and season of silage harvest and the fat and protein concentration of the supplement on milk production and food utilization by lactating cattle." Animal Science 48, no. 2 (1989): 305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100040307.

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ABSTRACTThis study was designed to examine the influence of pre-wilting and season of harvesting of silage on milk production and food utilization by dairy cattle and also the response to protein and fat concentration of the supplement given with silage. Twenty-four lactating British Friesian cows were used i n a four-period, partially balanced, change-over design experiment to evaluate 12 treatments consisting of three silage types (spring harvest unwilted (lUnW), autumn harvest unwilted (3UnW) and autumn harvest wilted (3W), each offered in addition to supplements containing both two crude p

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Wang, Baozhen. "The Development of Ecological Wastewater Treatment and Utilization Systems (EWTUS) in China." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 1-2 (1987): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0188.

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Experience and practice of the treatment and utilization of sewage and organic wastewaters using stabilization ponds with artificial or semi-artificial ecosystems in China are described. The eco-ponds being used in China are different from those with symbiotic algae/bacteria systems in that the former consist of not only bacteria and fungi as decomposers and algae as producers, but also fish, shrimps, shellfish, ducks, geese, etc. These are consumers at different trophic levels in food chains or food webs in the pond communities where fish farming and/or duck and geese raising takes place. The

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Tolkamp, B. J., and J. J. M. H. Ketelaars. "Efficiency of energy utilization in cattle given food ad libitum: predictions according to the ARC system and practical consequences." Animal Science 59, no. 1 (1994): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100007480.

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AbstractOverall efficiency of energy utilization (i.e. total net energy intake as a fraction of metabolizable energy intake) in cattle given food ad libitum was calculated from information included in the United Kingdom energy evaluation system as published by the Agricultural Research Council. For growing cattle (live weight 250 kg), overall efficiency was estimated for five levels of diet metabolizability (ranging from q = 0·45 to q = 0·65) for each of two diet types: coarse/long roughage and fine/pelleted diets. The overall efficiencies varied from 0·58 to 0·62 and were not systematically a

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Lee, C. Y., H. S. Shin, S. R. Chae, S. Y. Nam, and B. C. Paik. "Nutrient removal using anaerobically fermented leachate of food waste in the BNR process." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 1 (2003): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0042.

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Nutrients removal efficiencies highly depend on the presence of biodegradable organic carbon in the biological nutrient removal (BNR) process but most domestic wastewater in Korea has shown a low C/N ratio and has a small amount of biodegradable COD (chemical oxygen demand). On the other hand, about 11,577 tons of food waste that contains a lot of organic material has been produced in Korea per day. The feasibility and applicability of anaerobically fermented leachate of food waste (AFLFW) as an external carbon source was examined in the laboratory-scale BNR process at different operation cond

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Slansky, Frank, and Gregory S. Wheeler. "Compensatory increases in food consumption and utilization efficiencies by velvetbean caterpillars mitigate impact of diluted diets on growth." Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 51, no. 2 (1989): 175–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1989.tb01229.x.

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15

McKAY, R. M., and G. W. RAHNEFELD. "EFFICIENCY OF FEED UTILIZATION BY THREE-BREED CROSS STEERS." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 68, no. 1 (1988): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas88-009.

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Feed efficiencies, defined as feed-to-gain or weight ratios, were computed on 1046 steers reared between 1973 and 1978 at the Brandon Research Station. The progeny were out of 10 specific F1 crosses of dams mated to Charolais (C), Simmental (S), Limousin (L), and Chianina (Chi) bulls with none of the F1 dams being backcrossed. Dam crosses included the Hereford × Angus (HA) and crosses sired by C, S, and L bulls out of Hereford (H), Angus (A), and Shorthorn (N) dams. Feed-to-gain ratios were calculated on a live animal postweaning basis (for both a 140-d test and total liveweight gain from on-t

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Sarriá, B., R. López-Fandiño, and M. P. Vaquero. "Protein nutritive utilization in rats fed powder and liquid infant formulas / Utilización nutritiva de la proteína en ratas alimentadas con formulas infantiles en polvo y líquidas." Food Science and Technology International 6, no. 1 (2000): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108201320000600102.

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The effect of food processing involved in the manufacture of infant formulas on protein absorption and metabolic utilization was investigated in rats. Powders (P1 and P2), in-bottle-sterilized (SC1) infant formulas and UHT forms (UHT2) from two manufacturers were used. The highest level of furosine was determined in P1. Lactulose was higher in the liquid than in the powder products, especially in SC1, which had the highest lactulose/furosine ratio and the most intense whey protein denaturation evaluated by SDS-PAGE. Five groups of rats were fed during 12 days with a control diet or isocaloric

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Sharanabasappa, C. M. Kalleshwaraswamy, M. N. Lavanya, and D. Pallavi. "Biology and rate of food consumption of banana skipper Erionota torus Evans (Hesperiidae: Lepidoptera)." ENTOMON 41, no. 3 (2016): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33307/entomon.v41i3.187.

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Studies on life history of banana skipper, Erionota torus indicated female laid eggs in clusters on the under surface of the leaves of the banana plant. Incubation, total larval and pupal period ranged from 7 - 9 days, 26 - 33 days and 10 - 12 days, respectively. Fecundity of the female ranged from 18 -29 eggs. The amount of food consumed increased from II to V instars (10.28, 23.13, 25.01 and 41.56 % respectively). The weight gain in third instar was 33.51% of total larval weight. The values of growth rate (GR) decreased from II to V instar, the values varied between 0.03 and 0.16 g/day/g. Co

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Plaizier, J. C., G. Legesse, K. H. Ominski, and D. Flaten. "Whole-farm budgets of phosphorus and potassium on dairy farms in Manitoba." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 94, no. 1 (2014): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas2013-089.

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Plaizier, J. C., Legesse, G., Ominski, K. H. and Flaten, D. 2014. Whole-farm budgets of phosphorus and potassium on dairy farms in Manitoba. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 94: 119–128. Whole-farm budgets of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were determined on 10 dairy farms in Manitoba between October 2010 and October 2011. These budgets were determined as the difference between total exports, including milk, animals, feed, and manure, and total imports, including feed, manure, animals, and inorganic fertilizer, for each farm. Farms differed in their feeding and manure management strategies. Two farms impo

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Koner, Anamika, Rahul Debnath, and Anandamay Barik. "Age-stage, two-sex life table and food utilization efficiencies of Galerucella placida Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on two Polygonaceae weeds." Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 22, no. 4 (2019): 1136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2019.10.001.

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Wang, Feng, Wei-Ying Li, and Xue-Nong Yi. "Two-phase anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and sewage sludge." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 1 (2014): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.462.

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The feasibility and performance of food waste and sewage sludge co-digestion were investigated to gain insight into their resource utilization. In this study, two-phase anaerobic digestion (TPAD) was operated under a total solids mixing ratio of 1:1 and different sludge retention times (SRTs). Results show that an acidogenic reactor with a 5-day SRT obtained the highest acidification efficiency, and its acetic acid content was dominant. The organic removal rate of a methanogenic reactor (MR) with a 20-day SRT and its corresponding TPAD system with a 25-day SRT were both the highest among the M

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Zhu, Lingfeng, Xiaoling Xu, Limin Wang, Hui Dong, Bo Yu, and Yanhe Ma. "NADP+-Preferring d-Lactate Dehydrogenase from Sporolactobacillus inulinus." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 18 (2015): 6294–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01871-15.

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ABSTRACTHydroxy acid dehydrogenases, includingl- andd-lactate dehydrogenases (L-LDH and D-LDH), are responsible for the stereospecific conversion of 2-keto acids to 2-hydroxyacids and extensively used in a wide range of biotechnological applications. A common feature of LDHs is their high specificity for NAD+as a cofactor. An LDH that could effectively use NADPH as a coenzyme could be an alternative enzymatic system for regeneration of the oxidized, phosphorylated cofactor. In this study, ad-lactate dehydrogenase from aSporolactobacillus inulinusstrain was found to use both NADH and NADPH with

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Jalal, Arshad, Fernando Shintate Galindo, Eduardo Henrique Marcandalli Boleta, et al. "Common Bean Yield and Zinc Use Efficiency in Association with Diazotrophic Bacteria Co-Inoculations." Agronomy 11, no. 5 (2021): 959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11050959.

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Enrichment of staple food with zinc (Zn) along with solubilizing bacteria is a sustainable and practical approach to overcome Zn malnutrition in human beings by improving plant nutrition, nutrient use efficiency, and productivity. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of a staple food of global population and has a prospective role in agronomic Zn biofortification. In this context, we evaluated the effect of diazotrophic bacterial co-inoculations (No inoculation, Rhizobium tropici, R. tropici + Azospirillum brasilense, R. tropici + Bacillus subtilis, R. tropici + Pseudomonas fluorescens,

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Kingsley, Robert A., Rolf Reissbrodt, Wolfgang Rabsch, et al. "Ferrioxamine-Mediated Iron(III) Utilization bySalmonella enterica." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 4 (1999): 1610–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.4.1610-1618.1999.

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ABSTRACT Utilization of ferrioxamines as sole sources of iron distinguishesSalmonella enterica serotypes Typhimurium and Enteritidis from a number of related species, including Escherichia coli. Ferrioxamine supplements have therefore been used in preenrichment and selection media to increase the bacterial growth rate while selectivity is maintained. We characterized the determinants involved in utilization of ferrioxamines B, E, and G by S. enterica serotype Typhimurium by performing siderophore cross-feeding bioassays. Transport of all three ferric siderophores across the outer membrane was

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Akegbejo-Samsons, Y., and J. N. Ojini. "Use of the African locust bean, Parkia biglobosa waste slurry as energy feedstuff in practical diets for Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 31, no. 2 (2021): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v31i2.1828.

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An assessment of the nutritive value of the waste slurry of the African locust bean, Parkia biglobosa as an energy source in practical diets for tilapia was carried out in glass aquaria. Five diets (35% crude protein) were formulated in which yellow maize was replaced at varying level with parkia slurry waste as follows: Diet 1, (100% slurry), diet 2, (100% yellow maize); diet 3 (75% slurry, 25% yellow maize), diet 4 (50% slurry, 50% yellow maize), diet 5 (25% slurry, 75% yellow maize). Growth performance and nutrient utilization of the fish were based on average daily weight gain (ADG), speci

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Levesque, K. R., M. Fortin, and Y. Mauffette. "Temperature and food quality effects on growth, consumption and post-ingestive utilization ef.ciencies of the forest tent caterpillar Malacosoma disstria (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 92, no. 2 (2002): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2002153.

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AbstractTemperature and food quality can both influence growth rates, consumption rates, utilization efficiencies and developmental time of herbivorous insects. Gravimetric analyses were conducted during two consecutive years to assess the effects of temperature and food quality on fourth instar larvae of the forest tent caterpillar Malacosoma disstria Hübner. Larvae were reared in the laboratory at three different temperatures (18, 24 and 30°C) and on two types of diet; leaves of sugar maple trees Acer saccharum Marsh. located at the forest edge (sun-exposed leaves) or within the forest inter

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Zhang, Sai, Jay Johnson, and Nathalie Trottier. "PSVII-27 Effects of dietary near ideal amino acid profile on amino acid utilization efficiency for milk production in sows under thermoneutral or heat stress conditions." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (2019): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.715.

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Abstract The objective was to estimate essential AA (EAA) utilization efficiency for milk production in sows (n = 24) fed control (19.6% CP) or reduced CP (RCP; 14.2% CP) diets under thermoneutral (TN; 21±1.5°C) or cycling heat stress (HS; 32±1.5°C daytime and 24±1.5°C nighttime) conditions. We hypothesized that RCP fed lactating sows with supplemental AA have increased EAA efficiency for milk production under TN and HS conditions. Diets contained 0.90% SID Lys and 2,580 kcal/kg. Sow BW and backfat were recorded on d 1 and 21 to estimate body protein mobilization (BPM). Piglet BW was recorded

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Tess, M. W., and R. C. Greer. "Considerations for the Specification and Statistical Estimation of Differences Among Animals in the Partial Efficiencies of Feed Energy Utilization." Journal of Dairy Science 73, no. 11 (1990): 3297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(90)79023-6.

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Tian, Hui, Jie Fu, Rhae A. Drijber, and Yajun Gao. "Expression patterns of five genes involved in nitrogen metabolism in two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes with high and low nitrogen utilization efficiencies." Journal of Cereal Science 61 (January 2015): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2014.09.007.

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Kronen, Miriam, Jahminy Sasikaran, and Ivan A. Berg. "Mesaconase Activity of Class I Fumarase Contributes to Mesaconate Utilization by Burkholderia xenovorans." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 16 (2015): 5632–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00822-15.

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ABSTRACTPseudomonas aeruginosa,Yersinia pestis, and many other bacteria are able to utilize the C5-dicarboxylic acid itaconate (methylenesuccinate). Itaconate degradation starts with its activation to itaconyl coenzyme A (itaconyl-CoA), which is further hydrated to (S)-citramalyl-CoA, and citramalyl-CoA is finally cleaved into acetyl-CoA and pyruvate. The xenobiotic-degrading betaproteobacteriumBurkholderia xenovoranspossesses aP. aeruginosa-like itaconate degradation gene cluster and is able to grow on itaconate and its isomer mesaconate (methylfumarate). Although itaconate degradation procee

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Zhen-bin, Wu, Xia Yi-cheng, Zhang Yong-yuan, et al. "Studies on the Purification and Reclaimation of Wastewater from a Medium-Sized City by an Integrated Biological Pond System." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 7 (1993): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0164.

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The feasibility of an inexpensive wastewater treatment system is evaluated in this study. An integrated biological pond system was operated for more than 3 years to purify the wastewater from a medium-sized city, Central China. The experiment was conducted in 3 phases with different treatment combinations for testing their purification efficiencies. The pond system was divided into 3 functional regions: influent purification, effluent upgrading and multi-utilization. These regions were further divided into several zones and subzones. Various kinds of aquatic organisms, including macrophytes, a

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Baker, M. J., H. E. Amos, A. Nelson, C. C. Williams, and M. A. Froetschel. "Undegraded intake protein: Effects on milk production and amino acid utilization by cows fed wheat silage." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 76, no. 3 (1996): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas96-054.

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Thirty-six Holstein cows in second or later lactation were used in a 63-d completely randomized block design to determine the effects of RUP source on milk production, composition, and estimated AA uptake by the mammary gland. Cows were divided into 12 blocks of three cows each based on DIM (54.5 d) and milk production. Treatments were 1) soybean meal; 2) treated SBM; and 3) supplemental protein from TSBM, corn gluten meal, and Menhaden fish meal with each protein supplying equal amounts of CP. Mean DMI was greater for cows fed supplemental RUP. Intake of RUP was increased by 0.5 and 0.4 kg d−

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Adeola, Olayiwola. "Dietary lysine and threonine utilization by young pigs: Efficiency for carcass growth." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 75, no. 3 (1995): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas95-065.

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Two experiments were conducted to determine the efficiency of dietary lysine and threonine retention for carcass protein accretion in pigs within a body weight range of 10–20 kg. At the beginning of the experiments, an initial representative group of 6 pigs were killed for carcass compositional analysis. In the first experiment, conducted to determine the efficiency of dietary lysine retention, a basal diet was formulated to contain 6 g of lysine kg−1. Twelve pigs were fed the basal diet supplemented with L-lysine∙HCl to contain 6, 7, or 8 g of lysine kg−1. Daily weight gain and gain:feed rati

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Kristek Janković, Antonija, Mirna Habuda-Stanić, Huiyu Dong, et al. "Utilization of Modified Sunflower Seed as Novel Adsorbent for Nitrates Removal from Wastewater." Water 16, no. 1 (2023): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16010073.

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The food processing waste, sunflower seed shells (SS), were chemically modified and tested as adsorbents for nitrate removal from water and wastewater. Chemical modification of the SS implied a quaternization reaction. Efficiency and mechanisms of nitrate removal from water by modified sunflower seed shells (MSS) were examined using model nitrate solution (MS) and samples of real wastewater (RW) in batch adsorption experiments while the regeneration capacity was tested by fixed bed adsorption column and regeneration experiments. The MSS had the highest nitrate adsorption capacity of 12.98 mg g

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Lee, Wei-Chieh, Lincoln Zotarelli, Diane L. Rowland, and Guodong Liu. "Evaluation of Potato Varieties Grown in Hydroponics for Phosphorus Use Efficiency." Agriculture 11, no. 7 (2021): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11070668.

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Global phosphate mineral resources are nonrenewable and are inevitably depleting. Exploiting elite varieties has become imperative for the efficient use of phosphorus (P) for sustainable crop production. Three potato varieties were hydroponically evaluated for P mobilization, uptake, and utilization efficiencies at different P levels and sources during 28 d seedling growth. ‘Harley Blackwell’, ‘La Chipper’, and ‘Red LaSoda’ were selected from a previous study and grown in modified Hoagland solution, with different P concentrations of soluble high P as NaH2PO4 (10 mg L−1 P), soluble low P (1 mg

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Lobley, G. E., Alexmary Connell, and Vivien Buchan. "Effect of food intake on protein and energy metabolism in finishing beef steers." British Journal of Nutrition 57, no. 3 (1987): 457–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19870053.

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1. The effects of progressive reduction in food intake from 1.6 x maintenance (1.6 M) to approximately maintenance (M′) and then to zero (fasting) on energy expenditure and leucine kinetics were examined in Hereford x Friesian finishing beef steers.2. Estimates of whole body protein synthesis and protein oxidation were obtained from the specific radioactivity of free leucine in blood and of exhaled carbon dioxide during continuous infusions of [I-14C]leucine. Protein synthesis contributed a minimum of 0.19 to total heat production across all three intakes.3. The apparent efficiencies with whic

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MacRae, J. C., L. A. Bruce, and D. S. Brown. "Efficiency of utilization of absorbed amino acids in growing lambs given forage and forage: barley diets." Animal Science 61, no. 2 (1995): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800013813.

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AbstractThe efficiency of utilization of absorbed essential amino acids (AA) was studied in wether lambs (35 to 40 kg live weight) given dried grass and dried grass: barley pelleted diets over an intake range from maintenance (M) to 2·5 M energy intake. Each animal was prepared with a duodenal and Heal simple (T-shaped) cannulafor the collection of digesta entering and leaving the small intestine and with a catheter into the abomasum for the infusion of digesta phase markers (103Ru phenanthroline and51Cr ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid). The efficiencies of utilization of total AA and indiv

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Noblet, J., X. S. Shi, and S. Dubois. "Metabolic utilization of dietary energy and nutrients for maintenance energy requirements in sows: basis for a net energy system." British Journal of Nutrition 70, no. 2 (1993): 407–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19930135.

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Digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy for maintenance (NEm) values of a set of fourteen diets were measured in six adult sows fed at and below their maintenance energy level. The efficiency of ME for NEm was estimated from heat production (HP) measurements (indirect calorimetry) at these different feeding levels. HP was partitioned between HP due to physical activity, thermic effect of food (TEF) and fasting heat production (FHP). The amounts of DE digested in the small intestine or in the hindgut were measured. Equations for prediction of NEm from dietary characteri

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Parigi-Bini, R., G. Xiccato, M. Cinetto, and A. Dalle Zotte. "Energy and protein utilization and partition in rabbit does concurrently pregnant and lactating." Animal Science 55, no. 1 (1992): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100037387.

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AbstractChanges in body composition during lactation in 40 primiparous rabbits were studied by comparative slaughter. The results were used to determine the utilization of digestible energy (DE) and digestible protein (DP) and their partitioning between maternal body, milk and foetal tissues.Twelve does were slaughtered immediately after their first parturition (first slaughter group) to estimate initial body composition. The 28 remaining does were remated 1 to 3 days after parturition and divided into two groups offered a pelleted diet at different levels: group L, fed ad libitum and group R,

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Šovljanski, Olja, Biljana Lončar, Lato Pezo, et al. "Unlocking the Potential of the ANN Optimization in Sweet Potato Varieties Drying Processes." Foods 13, no. 1 (2023): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13010134.

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This study explores the unexploited potential of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) optimization techniques in enhancing different drying methods and their influence on the characteristics of various sweet potato varieties. Focusing on the intricate interplay between drying methods and the unique characteristics of white, pink, orange, and purple sweet potatoes, the presented experimental study indicates the impact of ANN-driven optimization on food-related characteristics such as color, phenols content, biological activities (antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-hyperglycemic, and anti-inflammatory)

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Lang, Gregory A. "High efficiency sweet cherry orchard systems research." Italus Hortus 26 (2019): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26353/j.itahort/2019.1.2534.

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The large tree size, and delicate nature and small size of the fruit, makes production of sweet cherries Fig. 6 - Planar UFO sweet cherry canopy architectural orchard designs: A) vertical-trellis UFO with 18,725 upright leaders per ha or B) Vtrellis UFO with 24,996 inclined leaders per ha, in theory with 33% higher yield potential, but slightly less training, harvest and pruning efficiency. Fig. 6 - Progettazione dell’architettura della chioma in piano “UFO” su ciliegio dolce: A) sostegni verticali per UFO con 18725 fusti verticali per ha o B) sostegno a V per UFO con 24996 fusti inclinati per

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Omphalius, C., H. Lapierre, J. Guinard-Flament, P. Lamberton, L. Bahloul, and S. Lemosquet. "Amino acid efficiencies of utilization vary by different mechanisms in response to energy and protein supplies in dairy cows: Study at mammary-gland and whole-body levels." Journal of Dairy Science 102, no. 11 (2019): 9883–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-16433.

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Cheng, Zhun, Huadong Zhou, and Zhixiong Lu. "A Novel 10-Parameter Motor Efficiency Model Based on I-SA and Its Comparative Application of Energy Utilization Efficiency in Different Driving Modes for Electric Tractor." Agriculture 12, no. 3 (2022): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12030362.

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To build a more accurate motor efficiency model with a strong generalization ability in order to evaluate and improve the efficiency characteristics of electric vehicles, this paper researches motor efficiency modeling based on the bench tests of two motor efficiencies with differently rated powers. This paper compares and analyzes three motor efficiency modeling methods and finds that, when the measured values in motor efficiency tests are insufficient, the bilinear interpolation method and radial basis kernel function neural networks have poor generalization abilities in full working conditi

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Lv, Yandong, Yue Hu, Fujing Sun, et al. "Yield and Resource Utilization Efficiency Gap in Early Maturing Japonica Rice Cultivars under Different Management Strategies—A Different Location Investigation." Agriculture 12, no. 7 (2022): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12071010.

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High input costs and poor management options have resulted in a large rice yield gap. Thus, there is a need to reduce production costs and improve resource-use efficiency by using new cultivation techniques at different locations. The objective of this study was to determine yield and utilization efficiency gaps in early maturing japonica rice under four treatments; no nitrogen application (N0), local farmer practice (FP), high-yield, high-efficiency practice (HYP), and super-high-yield practice (SHY). The average yields under N0, FP, HYP, and SHY were 5012, 7356, 8448, and 9629 kg ha−1, respe

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Lv, Meng, Ming Huang, Kainan Zhao, et al. "Effects of Partial Substitution of Organic Fertilizer for Synthetic N Fertilizer on Yield and N Use Efficiencies in a Semiarid Winter Wheat–Summer Maize Rotation." Agronomy 13, no. 9 (2023): 2281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092281.

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Finding field management techniques that increase crop output while protecting soil sustainability is essential for maintaining a long-term food supply in a changing environment. However, comprehensive evaluation of the effects of nitrogen (N) reduction combined with organic fertilizer on grain yield, N use efficiency (NUE), water use efficiency (WUE), and soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N (TN) contents of winter wheat–summer maize double cropping systems in drought-prone areas remains limited. Therefore, a 3-year field experiment (2018–2021) was conducted in a winter wheat–summer maize do

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Hassan, Fardos A. M. "DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA) APPROACH FOR ASSESSING TECHNICAL, ECONOMIC AND SCALE EFFICIENCY OF BROILER FARMS." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 52, no. 2 (2021): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i2.1290.

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This study was surveyed and evaluated technical, economic and scale efficiency of broiler farms in Egypt using DEA technique. So as to accomplish the specified aim, stratified random sampling technique was utilized to gather information from 150 broiler farms. The results showed that mean technical efficiencies of broiler farms were 0.915 and 0.985 under constant returns to scale (CRS) and variable returns to scale (VRS) respectively, implying that on average the farms could reduce input utilization by 8.5% and 1.5% for production level of output to be technically efficient. Notably, 48.7% of

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Khan, Shoyeb, Probir Das, Mohammed Abdul Quadir, et al. "Microalgal Feedstock for Biofuel Production: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspective." Fermentation 9, no. 3 (2023): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9030281.

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Globally, nations are trying to address environmental issues such as global warming and climate change, along with the burden of declining fossil fuel reserves. Furthermore, countries aim to reach zero carbon emissions within the existing and rising global energy crisis. Therefore, bio-based alternative sustainable feedstocks are being explored for producing bioenergy. One such renewable energy resource is microalgae; these are photosynthetic microorganisms that grow on non-arable land, in extreme climatic conditions, and have the ability to thrive even in sea and wastewater. Microalgae have h

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Titgemeyer, Evan C. "14 Predicting Performance Responses of Growing Cattle to Amino Acid Supplementation." Journal of Animal Science 101, Supplement_2 (2023): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad341.260.

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Abstract Amino acid utilization by cattle can be studied by: 1) assessing amino acid requirements with foundational research and using the resultant information to predict animal performance, or 2) evaluating changes in animal performance in response to changes in amino acid supply and subsequently using those measures to predict amino acid requirements. Neither approach has yielded definitive results, and our ability to predict responses of cattle to amino acid supplementation is still quite limited after many years of research. Most supplementation studies have focused on methionine and lysi

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Wairimu, S., R. J. Hudson, and M. A. Price. "Catch-up growth of yearling wapiti stags (Cervus elaphus)." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 72, no. 3 (1992): 619–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas92-074.

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Ten yearling wapiti stags were used to investigate effects of winter nutrition on subsequent growth on summer pasture. One group of five (LOW) was wintered on medium-quality hay, and the other group of five (HIGH) was wintered on hay and alfalfa–barley pellets (16% crude protein). By the time they grazed spring pasture in mid-April, HIGH wapiti had larger frame dimensions and were 20 kg heavier than those wintered on hay alone, despite their lower pre-winter weights. However, subsequent catch-up growth rapidly narrowed these differences, and both groups attained similar weights and frame measu

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MUCCEE, FATIMA, and AMINA EJAZ. "An Investigation of Petrol Metabolizing Bacteria Isolated from Contaminated Soil Samples Collected from Various Fuel Stations." Polish Journal of Microbiology 68, no. 2 (2019): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2019-019.

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The present study aimed to isolate the high-efficiency petrol metabolizing thermophilic bacteria from petrol contaminated soil samples. Isolation was carried out through enrichment culture, serial dilution and pour plate methods using the petrol supplemented minimal salt media. The isolated bacteria were analyzed to document growth behavior, petrol removal efficiencies, antibiotic resistance profile, and biochemical characteristics. The 16S rRNA based phylogenetic analysis helped to reveal the identity of isolated bacterial species and construct the phylogenetic trees. Total nine bacteria were

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Wells, Robert S. "70 Integrity Beef Alliance I. Program Overview." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_1 (2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz053.007.

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Abstract Noble Research Institute initiated a cow/calf best management practices (BMP) and marketing program in 2000. Over time, the Integrity Beef Alliance program has matured into a producer-run stand-alone Alliance that has received much favorable attention in the industry. The objectives of the program are: 1.) implement BMP’s, 2.) increase selling weights of calves, 3.) increase calf quality and uniformity, 4.) improve marketing efficiencies, 5.) utilize producer records for improvement, and 6.) educate producers to use of BMP’s. This program has developed stringent protocols that must be

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