Dissertationen zum Thema „Fractionnement par couplage fux-force“
Geben Sie eine Quelle nach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard und anderen Zitierweisen an
Machen Sie sich mit Top-26 Dissertationen für die Forschung zum Thema "Fractionnement par couplage fux-force" bekannt.
Neben jedem Werk im Literaturverzeichnis ist die Option "Zur Bibliographie hinzufügen" verfügbar. Nutzen Sie sie, wird Ihre bibliographische Angabe des gewählten Werkes nach der nötigen Zitierweise (APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver usw.) automatisch gestaltet.
Sie können auch den vollen Text der wissenschaftlichen Publikation im PDF-Format herunterladen und eine Online-Annotation der Arbeit lesen, wenn die relevanten Parameter in den Metadaten verfügbar sind.
Sehen Sie die Dissertationen für verschiedene Spezialgebieten durch und erstellen Sie Ihre Bibliographie auf korrekte Weise.
Vauthier, Jean-Claude. „Aspects hydrodynamiques de la modélisation des mécanismes de séparation de particules par la méthode de fractionnement par couplage flux-force“. Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA114828.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBayce, Pascal. „Fractionnement par couplage flux force en mode multigravitationnel“. Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P215.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDugay, Annabelle. „Séparation de particules par la méthode de fractionnement par couplage flux-force (FFF)“. Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA114829.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRegazzetti, Anne. „Thermophorèse de particules microniques de silice par la méthode de fractionnement par couplage flux-force avec gradient thermique“. Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX30019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleField flow fractionation with thermal gradient is a separation technique which involves both thermophoresis and a non uniform flow profile. The technique was utilized in an attempt to evidence the thermophoretic migration of silica particles (mean diameter 3mm). From a theoretical study the experimental conditions were determinated in such a way to minimize gravitation and hydrodynamics effects. A difference in elution times was observed that prompted to assess the thermophoresis of micrometer size paticles. Experimental parameters (concentration, flow rate, thermal gradient, particle size, particule type) were thoroughly investigated. A methodological approach to estimate the thermophoretic mobility of particles with size, type and driving liquid was carried
Cardot, Philippe. „Séparation de cellules vivantes du sang humain par la technique de fractionnement par couplage flux-force gravitationnelle“. Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612390p.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCardot, Philippe. „Separation de cellules vivantes du sang humain par la technique de fractionnement par couplage flux-force gravitationnelle“. Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066119.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAssidjo, Nogbou Emmanuel. „Etude des aspects mecanistiques et instrumentaux de la technique de fractionnement par couplage flux-force par sedimentation“. Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INAP0038.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBELGAIED, JAMEL EDDINE. „Developpements et applications de la technique de fractionnement par couplage flux-force avec gradient thermique“. Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSchmitt, Charlène Eva. „Caractérisation de polyacrylamide de hautes masses molaires par fractionnement couplage flux force couplée à la diffusion de la lumière“. Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU3039.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOne method for optimizing the production of hydrocarbon is based on the injection of water, viscosified by the addition of polymers such as polyacrylamides, in order to enhance the oil extraction (EOR). The viscosifying properties of polymers depend on their molecular masses. The aim of this thesis was therefore to develop new methods for determining wide molecular mass distributions and high dispersity, which are specific characteristics of samples of industrial interest in the oil sector. The analytical strategy used is based on size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and flow field flow fractionation (A4F), coupled to light scattering and refractometer. Model polymers were synthesized by a polymerization process by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT/MADIX). This allowed to obtain polymers in a range of molar masses between 103 and 107 g / mol and with a dispersity lower than 1.4. Through the use of these polymers, the capabilities and limitations of the two separation methods invested were evaluated. The A4F operating conditions were determined and this method has proved to be adapted to the analysis of industrial polymers distributed over 3 decades of molecular masses. Beyond the dimensional analysis, A4F-based coupling also allowed conformational analysis
Chianea, Thierry. „Méthodes de fractionnement par couplage flux-force de sédimentation : contributions instrumentales et méthodologiques aux applications de tri cellulaire“. Limoges, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIMO0024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBegaud, Gaëlle. „Fractionnement par couplage Flux Force de Sédimentation : applications au tri cellulaire dans le domaine de l’oncologie“. Limoges, 2007. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/a0a13e1e-d328-4924-886d-4866644f6a7d/blobholder:0/2007LIMO330A.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe use of the Sedimentation Field Flow Fractionation (SdFFF) technology in the field of oncology, and particularly in the neuro-oncology registers, is now implicated in the study of the dynamics of complex populations (osteosarcoma, neuroblastoma) and differentiation or apoptosis phenomena. These studies lie on the new concept of “cellulomic” based on the hyphenation of SdFFF cell sorting and the biological characterization of interesting sub-populations. The first approach of SdFFF was performed with the monitoring of biological events in starch populations. Enzymatic starch granule amylosis is one of the most important reactions in food and pharmaceutical industrial processes. Studies on wheat and rice starches demonstrated a correlation between fractogram changes and enzymatic hydrolysis. These results showed the interest in coupling SdFFF sub-population sorting with particle size measurement methods to study starch size/density modifications associated to hydrolysis. After this first step of calibration, SdFFF proved to be a fast, practical and specific method to monitor biological events. This was extend to the study of diosgenin (plant steroid) induced apoptosis of 1547 osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, SdFFF was used, for the first time, to perform the isolation of pre-apoptotic cells. This pre-apoptotic sub-population which is in an early stage of apoptosis could be used as cellular model for the study of diosgenin induced apoptotic kinetics. This fast, tagless and very selective method also increases specificity and sensibility of biological tests used to study apoptotic mechanisms. After the monitoring of biological events, the sorting of specific sub-populations of interest, the third SdFFF application in oncology consisted in the study of the ecology or the phenotypical relationship in the complex IMR-32 cell line, used as a model of neuroblastoma. These cell lines have a great clinical and biological heterogeneity which affects response to treatmant and patient outcome. For the first time, two phenotypes of neuroblastic, N-type, cells have been sorted by SdFFF, and allowed the understanding of differentiation kinetics and the relationship which exists between N-type and differentiated, S-type, cells. Finally, these isolated phenotypes were used as cellular models to test specific responses to apoptotic inducers, Fas ligand or diosgenin and differentiating inducers, retinoic acid or rosiglitazone in order to find new effective therapeutic strategies for these tumors actually resistant to chemotherapies
Ibrahim, Tayssir. „Développement instrumental et méthodologique des méthodes de fractionnement flux-force en fibre creuse : applications aux biotechnologies“. Limoges, 2012. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/5d3991a7-445c-44af-9f8c-b6d2f4591178/blobholder:0/2012LIMO330B.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA hollow fiber flow field flow fractionation system is set up from commercially available material. The system is biocompatible and was integrated into a classical HPLC system, simply replacing the classical column. The concept has been validated for cellular separations and analyses (J. Chromatogr. B 901 (2012) 59-66 ), and for protein separations. One of the most critical part of the Thesis is linked to the innovative theoretical and methodological determination of the initial focalization position of the sample. The corpus of the thesis is developed in three chapters: chapter 1: instrumentation and cell separations, chapter 2 focalization theory and experimental validation, chapter 3 protein separations applications
Gigault, Julien. „Développement de méthodes de Fractionnement par couplage Flux-Force (FFF)-multi-détection pour la caractérisation de nanotubes de carbone dispersés en milieu aqueux“. Pau, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PAUU3012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe unique properties of Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) make them the subject of intensive research and development, and some companies such as high-tech industries have made them their priority in terms of production and use. To better understand and optimize their properties and applications, it is crucial to characterize them according to different physicochemical parameters. Indeed, their properties, applications and environmental fate are intimately linked to their sizes, charge and behavior in a given medium. It is recognized that there is a considerable lack of analytical tools and comprehensive study allowing to characterize CNT in a given sample. This work has been performed to provide answers to these questions. It aimed to develop and optimize methods based on hyphenation of Field Flow Fractionation techniques (Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation and Cyclical Electrical Field Flow Fractionation) to different detectors such as UV-Vis and light scattering (MALS) for the characterization of carbon nanotubes dispersed in aqueous media. The evaluation of the analytical performances (accuracy and reproductibility) allows the potentialities of all of the methods developed in this work as well as the relevance of the results that they give to be demonstrated
Dubascoux, Stéphane. „Développement d’une méthode de fractionnement par couplage flux force (FFF) multi détection pour la caractérisation de colloïdes naturels“. Pau, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PAUU3038.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe role of colloids is crucial in environmental processes. They can control the transport of chemical pollutants and play a major role in biogeochemical cycles. Despite colloids are known for a long time, they remain often neglected in environmental studies due to the lack of convenient analytical tools. This work concerns the development of analytical conditions for the analysis and the fractionation of two main natural colloid populations (nanoparticles and humic acids) by As-Fl-FFF (Asymmetrical Flow-Field Flow Fractionation). This fractionation tool is associated to several detectors as Ultraviolet/Visible and Multi-Angle Laser Light Scattering (MALLS). Monitoring and quantification of trace elements were also performed thanks to the hyphenation with an Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). Finally an original approach combining colloidal fractionation of a landfill leachate and chemical speciation of tin associated to its different colloidal fractions was realised. This new approach has shown the potentiality and the importance of colloidal consideration in environmental studies
Rasouli, Sousan. „Un nouveau domaine d'application des sciences de la séparation en chimie analytique : l'analyse et la purification des particules microniques et colloi͏̈dales par les techniques du fractionnement par couplage flux-force“. Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO302B.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKassab, James. „Sedimentation Field Flow Fractionation for the characterization of colloidal and micron particulate species“. Limoges, 2004. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/91a0881d-ac85-4ae1-8501-1d4c72bae67e/blobholder:0/2004LIMO330B.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe principe de séparation par la méthode du fractionnement par couplage flux-force (FFF) est basé sur l'action simultanée de l'écoulement d'un liquide dans un canal de faible épaisseur et l'effet d'un champ externe appliqué perpendiculairement au canal. Le champ d'application de cette technique est très large avec une étendue en taille allant du submicronique à des particules de plus de 100 µm. De nouvelles améliorations et modifications instrumentales sont apportées au prototype de FFF opérant à champ multigravitationnel (SdFFF) utilisé dans ce travail de recherche. Une séparation à champ multigravitationnel programmé a été explorée dans l'analyse de taille de suspensions colloïdales diverses en taille et densité telles les particules oxydées et celles des aérosols de diesels. Une seconde séparation à effet de focalisation plane par effet de paroi a été effectuée sur des particules de latex microniques en utilisant des canaux de faibles épaisseurs visant la minimisation du volume mort, le facteur de dilution ainsi que le temps de rétention et la consommation de phase mobile. En outre, une nouvelle technique de détection optique à multi longueurs d'onde (OMT) est présentée tout d'abord séparément dans une étude d'analyse de taille de diverses suspensions particulaires et ensuite dans un couplage " off-line " avec la SdFFF. Les résultats obtenus sont prometteurs et intéressants pour l'analyse de taille des espèces particulaires fractionnées par la FFF
Savourat, Pauline. „Structure et propriétés de polusaccharides et copolymères biosourcés obtenus par synthèse enzymatique“. Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4107.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDue to their limited carbon footprint, polysaccharide-based materials are attractive alternatives to fossil carbon based polymers. These macromolecules, which are generally biodegradable, biocompatible and highly hydrophilic . present mechanical properties that are still insufficient for applications in the field of structural materials or most non-food uses. However, their natural sensitivity to water and their biocompatibility can be used in applications with high added value, for example stimulable materials or materials for biomedical use. The project aims to produce diblock copolymers only consists of polysaccharides by combining glycoenzymology and protein engineering. The objective is to obtain new properties by associating the intrinsic properties of the building blocks. Therefore, much of this work has focused to determine and understand the relationships between the structure and the properties of a large panel of synthetic alpha-glucans, including the role of the type and/or the rate of osidic linkages in the main chain or in branching. This approach has made it possible to target the constituent blocks of original copolymers. A wide range of techniques has been used to characterize the structure, the behaviour of molecules in solution and the materials formed. Thus, this work is the subject of major advances in the understanding of the structure / conformation I properties relations of polysaccharides
Claveranne-Lamolère, Céline. „Evaluation et caractérisation des interactions colloïdes-actinides dans les sols par une approche multi-technique : exemple de l'uranium en milieu carbonaté“. Pau, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PAUU3023.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn order to assess the fate of actinides in the environment, it is essential to identify the interactions between actinides and soil components. In the case of problems connected to the nuclear industry (deep geologic storage, dismantling and environmental monitoring of nuclear sites), the purpose of this study was to characterize the uranium-colloids interactions by on-line fractionation multi-detection methods. The main advantage here is to supply a lot of information on the uranium distribution within the various colloidal populations. By varying the keys-parameters of a batch leaching protocol, different scenarios potentially implied in the colloidal mobilization of uranium were studied. Each sample collected was also characterized and their size (hydrodynamic and gyration radius), their nature as well as the uranium concentration carried by colloids were determined. The mechanisms of the uranium-colloids interactions were also studied
Ritsema, Rob. „Développement des méthodes de couplage pour la spéciation de l'étain, de l'arsenic et du mercure dans l'environnement : application au contrôle des teneurs en composés organostanniques dans les eaux côtières néerlandaises“. Pau, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PAUU3032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleParot, Jeremie. „Développement méthodologique du fractionnement par couplage flux / force (AF4) et spectroscopie optique pour l'étude de la matière organique dissoute aquatique : application aux estuaires de Seine et de Gironde“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0363/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissolved organic matter (DOM) is a heterogeneous and complex mixture of molecules. It is involved in many physical, biological and chemical processes in aquatic ecosystems, especially in the major biogeochemical cycles or transport and bioavailability of contaminants.Thus one of the current issues in many areas of research (chemistry, ecology, oceanography) is to better understand and characterize DOM in the environment. In this context, the aim of this work was the development of an analytical methodology for DOM analysis and separation, depending on its size, by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4). The development focused on the mobile phase, the cross-flow, the focus time and the use of organic macromolecules standards close to DOM, in order to calculate its molecular weight.This optimized method, coupled with a UV/Vis detector, equipped with a 1kDa membrane, a 490μm spacer and a mobile phase of 5 mM phosphate buffer allowed us to study the MOD dynamics in estuarine environments.The application of this method coupled to optical spectroscopy techniques (absorbance and fluorescence) permitted the study of MOD in the Seine and Gironde estuaries and to highlight the tidal and the seasonal effects on the size and type of DOM.Furthermore, different statistical approaches have been developed to better understand the multiple variables (analytical or environmental), especially linear regression models or self-organizing maps (Kohonen)
Ivaneev, Aleksandr. „Utilisation complémentaire des techniques de fractionnement flux-force asymétrique et en colonne tournante pour la caractérisation d'échantillons environnementaux de particules“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PAUU3035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEnvironmental particles, especially nanoparticles (NPs), have a potential risk for human health and ecosystems due to their ubiquity, specific characteristics and properties (extremely high mobility in the environment, abilities of accumulation of toxic elements and penetration in living organisms) and, hence, should be scrutinized. The study of environmental NPs remains a challenge for analytical chemistry. In fact, NPs in a polydisperse environmental sample may represent only one thousandth or less of the bulk sample. Consequently, a considerable sample weight must be handled to separate amount of NP fraction sufficient for their dimensional and quantitative characterization. The group of field-flow fractionation (FFF) techniques can serve as a relevant basis for the development of methodology applicable to the study of environmental NPs.This doctoral thesis focuses on the use of asymmetrical flow and coiled tube field-flow fractionation techniques (A4F and CTFFF, respectively) in the investigation of environmental particulate samples. The results obtained demonstrate the advantages of these techniques applied to the study of volcanic ash nanoparticles. It should be highlighted that CTFFF technique has an increased separation capacity as compared to A4F, while A4F has an increased resolution. CTFFF was applied to the separation of NPs from environmental samples and a new coiled tube field-flow fractionation procedure was proposed. Dimensional and elemental characterization was carried out using A4F coupled to laser light scattering and ICP-MS. Furthermore, the results related to the investigation of stability of environmental nanoparticles are also given
Thepchalerm, Chalao. „Influence of Hevea brasiliensis latex compartments on the storage hardening of natural rubber : study of the mesostructure by AF4-MALS and of the mineral element composition by ICP-MS“. Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NSAM0016/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of the present work was to study the influence of two Hevea brasiliensis latex compartments, namely lutoids and C-serum, on the storage hardening and on mesostructure of natural rubber (NR). A special focus was done on the involvement of mineral components of latex. The NR mesostructure was studied by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled to a multiangular light scattering detector (AF4-MALS) and by size exclusion chromatography equipped with a multiangular light scattering detector (SEC-MALS). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine the mineral element composition of NR.As AF4-MALS and ICP-MS were never used for NR analysis, the methodologies were developed. For AF4-MALS, the best separation between the two main populations, namely isolated polyisoprene chains (random coil) and microaggregates (Gel<1µ) was given by a linear decrease, rather than exponential, of the cross-flow. For ICP-MS, the optimizations were in terms of amount of NR to be sampled, ash solubilisation methodology, ash solutions concentrations and m/z interference management. All elements, except sulfur, were determined using a mixture H2/He as collision-reaction gas (CCT H2/He mode). Sulfur content was determined through the m/z equal to 48 (32S16O+) in the CCT O2 mode.The different compartments of the whole field latex (cream, skim, C-serum and lutoids) were separated by high speed centrifugation. The mesostructure evolution of films obtained from these 3 lattices; whole field latex (FL), cream latex (CL), and skim latex (SK), by a slow structuring process (samples stored at room temperature in the laboratory for 3 months) was followed by SEC-MALS. As it was observed that the skim was not sensitive to the slow structuring, the centrifugation steps were reduced.Lutoid stability was studied by a qualitative parameter (visual lutoid status after centrifugation) and a quantitative parameter (bursting index or BI). Although the two methods could not provide strictly correlated results, BI can be a good indicator of lutoid stability. For the FL samples, a good correlation between the lutoid stability and storage hardening (ΔP) was observed. To determine if some compounds of C-serum are also involved in the storage hardening, additional experiments were done adding variable quantities of C-serum or lutoids to purified rubber particles. The storage hardening (ΔP) increased by the increase of both C-serum and lutoid quantities.The mesostructure of films and air dried sheet (ADS) made from FL and CL lattices (obtained from reduced centrifugation process) were analyzed by SEC-MALS and AF4-MALS. Concerning the ADS samples, whatever the technique used, FL samples exhibited a higher Mw, Mn, and Gel>1µ than CL samples. This difference between FL and CL samples was not observed for film samples. The microaggregates (Gel<1µ) were presented in all samples but the FL samples had more compact microaggregates, with a much higher Mw than the CL samples. Moreover, AF4 showed that the structure of microaggregates was very different between ADS and film samples. The Mw of microaggregates of ADS was 2 to 4 times higher than that of films. The mineral elements were determined only on samples from ADS (FL and CL). The main elements in NR were K, P, Mg, and S, in decreasing order. The purification of rubber particles affected the decrease in the element contents. During the storage of the latex at room temperature, only calcium content decreased, for both FL and CL samples
Arnaud, Philippe. „Etudes par modélisation moléculaire de l'interaction d'une métalloporphyrine avec de l'ADN double brin : contribution à l'étude des agents de coupure de l'ADN“. Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30286.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHarguindéguy, Stéphanie. „Transport de l’uranium dans les eaux et le sol : approche combinée colloïdale et isotopique“. Thesis, Pau, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PAUU3043/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMechanisms of interaction between uranium and colloids were studied by samples taken from a site of interest for the “French Nuclear Agency” (CEA). The mobilization of uranium from soils was apprehended by static and dynamic leaching experiments. The transfer and transport have been studied by considering pondwaters and drainwaters. Results confirm that anthropogenic uranium is more mobile than natural uranium. However mechanisms of mobilization and distribution of uranium, does not differ depending on its origin. The colloidal fraction plays an important role on the migration in soil and the transfer into water by representing from 10 to 90 % uranium depending on samples. The colloidal fractions of uranium are in a continuum of size up to about 200 nm hydrodynamic diameter. They are mainly composed of organic material, iron and aluminum. Along the drain, from the upstream to the downstream of the site, rearrangement of colloidal associations between uranium and organic material occurs in disfavor of colloidal associations between uranium and iron, the proportion of colloidal uranium bound to aluminum remains unchanged
Nguyen, Phuong Thanh. „Study of the aquatic dissolved organic matter from the Seine River catchment (France) by optical spectroscopy combined to asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0154/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe main goal of this thesis was to investigate the characteristics of dissolvedorganic matter (DOM) within the Seine River catchment in the Northern part of France. ThisPhD thesis was performed within the framework of the PIREN-Seine research program. Theapplication of UV/visible absorbance and EEM fluorescence spectroscopy combined toPARAFAC and PCA analyses allowed us to identify different sources of DOM andhighlighted spatial and temporal variations of DOM properties. The Seine River wascharacterized by the strongest biological activity. DOM from the Oise basin seemed to havemore "humic" characteristics, while the Marne basin was characterized by a third specifictype of DOM. For samples collected during low-water periods, the distributions of the 7components determined by PARAFAC treatment varied between the studied sub-basins,highlighting different organic materials in each zone. A homogeneous distribution of thecomponents was obtained for the samples collected in period of flood.Then, a semi-quantitative asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) methodology wasdeveloped to fractionate DOM. The following optimized parameters were determined: across-flow rate of 2 ml min-1 during the focus step with a focusing time of 2 min and anexponential gradient of cross-flow from 3.5 to 0.2 ml min-1 during the elution step. Thefluorescence properties of various size-based fractions of DOM were evaluated by applyingthe optimized AF4 methodology to fractionate 13 samples, selected from the three sub-basins.The fluorescence properties of these fractions were analysed, allowing us to discriminatebetween the terrestrial or autochthonous origin of DOM
Moquin, Alexandre. „Points quantiques : caractérisation et applications en sciences pharmaceutiques“. Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11758.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMedical imaging based on fluorescence has suffered from the poor photostability and mediocre performance of organic fluorophores. The discovery and subsequent improvements in nanocrystal synthesis and functionalization has greatly benefited the applications in medical imaging and the development of nanocrystal-based sensors for diagnostics. QDs are semi-conductor nanocrystals which have similar sizes as proteins (2-10 nm). They are highly luminescent, and can be made to emit at any desired wavelength by varying their size and composition. The surface of QDs can be easily functionalized with biomolecules. Hence, it is interesting to study how QDs interact in the biological world. Highly luminescent core-shell QDs emitting at different wavelengths were prepared according to our needs. In a first study, the surface of the QDs was modified with various small bi-functional thiolated ligands (carboxylated, aminated and zwitterionic). The modified-QDs of nearly identical sizes were administered in vitro to study the impact of surface charge and cell type on the mode and extent of cell uptake and elimination. Using specific inhibitors of cell uptake we determined which modes contributed to the internalization of the QDs. Endocytosis mediated by lipid rafts represented the predominant pathway for the internalization of QDs. However, other modes contributed to a lesser degree, depending on the surface ligand. We then analyzed the effect of QD agglomeration in cell culture media on its cellular uptake by microglia. Thorough characterization of QD agglomerate size distribution was conducted by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) with a dynamic light scattering detector. Depending on the type of surface ligand and if serum proteins were present, the agglomeration pattern of the QDs was significantly different. With inhibitors of specific modes of cell uptake, we showed that the size distribution data, obtained by AF4, correlated with the modes of cell uptake. Microglia cells are immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). They respond to injury or the presence of inflammagens by producing pro-inflammatory cytokine. Inflammation in the CNS may lead to loss of neurons, and can found in many chronic diseases. We were interested in building nanosensors to measure the onset of inflammation. Current methods to study inflammation consist in measuring levels of certain proteins or chemicals released by stressed cell (e.g. Western blot or ELISA assay for IL-1β). Although precise, these methods measure indirectly the activity of the enzyme responsible for releasing IL-1β, i.e. caspase-1. Moreover, these methods cannot be applied to live cells. We designed a sensor based on FRET between a QD and a dye linked by a peptide specifically cleaved by the caspase-1. To induce inflammation, we applied lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which are endotoxins present in Gram negative bacteria responsible for sceptic shock. The LPS form nanoparticles due to their amphiphilicity. The interior hydrophobic regions were used to load hydrophobic QDs, making the LPS luminescent. The microglia internalized LPS-QD predominantly through TLR-4 membrane receptors. We describe how the LPS induce inflammation and demonstrated the functionality of the QD-based sensor. Eventually, the sensor could be used to monitor in real time the action of therapeutics against inflammation.