Zeitschriftenartikel: „HEAT RECOVERY WHEEL“

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Simonson, C. J., und R. W. Besant. „Heat and Moisture Transfer in Energy Wheels During Sorption, Condensation, and Frosting Conditions“. Journal of Heat Transfer 120, Nr. 3 (01.08.1998): 699–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2824339.

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A numerical model for coupled heat and moisture transfer with sorption, condensation, and frosting in rotary energy exchangers is presented and validated with experimental data. The model is used to study condensation and frosting in energy wheels. Condensation/frosting increases with humidity and at some humidity level, water/frost will continually accumulate in the wheel. The sensitivity of condensation and frosting to wheel speed and desiccant type are studied. The energy wheel performance is also presented during both sorption and saturation conditions for a desicant coating with a Type I sorption isotherm (e.g., molecular sieve) and a linear sorption isotherm (e.g., silica gel). Simulation results show that the desiccant with a linear sorption curve is favorable for energy recovery because it has better performance characteristics and smaller amounts of condensation/frosting for extreme operating conditions.

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Tian, Xiaochao, Zhicong Wang, Sida Zhang, Shenfang Li, Jinlong Liu, Jiaying Lin, Feifei Wang, Zhigang Yang und Jinzhi Zhu. „Simulation Analysis and Experimental Study of Piezoelectric Power Generation Device Based on Shape Memory Alloy Drive“. Scanning 2022 (10.01.2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1236270.

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In order to solve the problem of waste heat collection from energy consumption, a thermal energy generation device combining shape memory alloy and piezoelectric materials has been designed. The shape memory alloy is heated and deformed to drive the drive wheel continuously, and the impact wheel is deformed against the piezoelectric cantilever beam during the rotation of the drive wheel to generate electricity. In this paper, the impact force generated by the impact wheel and the output voltage of the piezoelectric cantilever beam during the rotation process are given. Finally, the experimental test shows that the larger the radius of the drive wheel, the lower the impact force of the wheel and the lower the output voltage of the piezoelectric cantilever beam; the larger the diameter of the shape memory alloy wire, the higher the impact force of the wheel and the higher the output voltage of the piezoelectric cantilever beam; the more teeth of the drive wheel, the higher the impact frequency of the piezoelectric cantilever beam and the higher the output voltage. The maximum output voltage of the thermoelectric converter is 14.2 V, when the drive wheel radius is 13 mm, the shape memory alloy wire diameter is 1 mm and the number of impact wheel teeth is 6. The new structural design provides a new structural model for waste heat recovery and thermal energy generation technology. The new structural design provides a new approach and idea for waste heat recovery and thermal energy generation technology.

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., Manu Prakash. „QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF INDOOR AIR BY USING HEAT RECOVERY WHEEL“. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 01, Nr. 04 (25.04.2012): 526–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2012.0104002.

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4

Wallin, Jörgen, und Joachim Claesson. „Improving heat recovery using retrofitted heat pump in air handling unit with energy wheel“. Applied Thermal Engineering 62, Nr. 2 (Januar 2014): 823–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.09.059.

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5

Men, Yiyu, Xiaohua Liu, Tao Zhang, Xi Xu und Yi Jiang. „Novel flue gas waste heat recovery system equipped with enthalpy wheel“. Energy Conversion and Management 196 (September 2019): 649–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.06.026.

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6

Han, Xing, und Xu Zhang. „Hybrid Desiccant Cooling System Using Condensing Heat as the Regeneration Source. Part I: System Model“. Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 6422–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.6422.

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In this paper, a scheme of hybrid desiccant dehumidification system was proposed. This system can recovery the condensing heat from the vapor compression refrigeration unit to remove moisture from the air. But the trick of energy saving is the sensible heat exchanger after the desiccant rotary wheel. After analysis of its energy consumption characteristic, the system model was established.

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Kassai, Miklos. „Experimental investigation of carbon dioxide cross-contamination in sorption energy recovery wheel in ventilation system“. Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 39, Nr. 4 (27.11.2017): 463–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624417744733.

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The aim of this research was to investigate the scale of carbon dioxide recirculation in rotary energy wheel operated in air handling units. To achieve this objective, a test facility was installed into the indoor air quality and thermal comfort laboratory of BUTE University. A newly developed molecular 3 Å sieve sorption wheel with high humidity transfer efficiencies is integrated into the experimental setup. In this research study, carbon dioxide cross-contamination rate from the exhaust side into the supply side in sorption regenerative air-to-air rotary energy exchanger was conducted by experimental tests. During the study, the correlation between the carbon dioxide cross-contamination, different rotational speeds of the wheel and different volume flow rates of supply air were also investigated in detail. Based on the results, a rotation speed diagram – carbon dioxide cross-contamination diagram – is plotted which can be very useful for researchers, developers and building service engineers in practice. Practical application: The most perfect energy exchanger can transfer both heat and moisture, thus providing a pleasant indoor air quality in the conditioned space. It is beneficial if the exchanger can transfer heat and moisture between the supply and exhaust airstreams, thereby minimizing the capacity and energy consumption of the required auxiliary heater and humidifier. The auxiliary energy reduction can be especially high if the sorption material of the energy wheel is of type 3 Å molecular sieve that has an extremely high humidity transfer capacity. The disadvantage of the rotary energy recovery is the cross-contamination from the exhaust air to the supply air. This is very important because in places such as offices, schools, public institutions, carbon dioxide cross-contamination can cause degradation of indoor air quality.

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Han, Xing, und Xu Zhang. „Hybrid Desiccant Cooling System Using Condensing Heat as the Regeneration Source. Part II: Energy Saving Potential“. Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 6431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.6431.

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Based on the system model of hybrid desiccant cooling system using condensing heat as the regeneration source, the solution is given to investigate the system characteristic. The result showed that, when the outdoor air humidity ratio is below 18.5g/kg and indoor dehumidification load is below 1.5kg/h, the energy consumption of this system is lower than the enthalpy recovery air-conditioning system. If not, due to the high energy consumption of electrical heating, the desiccant wheel using condensing heat and electrical heat is not suitable for the humid areas.

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Min, Yunran, Yi Chen, Wenchao Shi und Hongxing Yang. „Applicability of indirect evaporative cooler for energy recovery in hot and humid areas: Comparison with heat recovery wheel“. Applied Energy 287 (April 2021): 116607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116607.

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10

Kassai, Miklos. „Energy Performance Investigation of a Direct Expansion Ventilation Cooling System with a Heat Wheel“. Energies 12, Nr. 22 (08.11.2019): 4267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12224267.

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Climate change is continuously bringing hotter summers and because of this fact, the use of air-conditioning systems is also extending in European countries. To reduce the energy demand and consumption of these systems, it is particularly significant to identify further technical solutions for direct cooling. In this research work, a field study is carried out on the cooling energy performance of an existing, operating ventilation system placed on the flat roof of a shopping center, located in the city of Eger in Hungary. The running system supplies cooled air to the back office and storage area of a shop and includes an air-to-air rotary heat wheel, a mixing box element, and a direct expansion cooling coil connected to a variable refrigerant volume outdoor unit. The objective of the study was to investigate the thermal behavior of each component separately, in order to make clear scientific conclusions from the point of view of energy consumption. Moreover, the carbon dioxide cross-contamination in the heat wheel was also analyzed, which is the major drawback of this type heat recovery unit. To achieve this, an electricity energy meter was installed in the outdoor unit and temperature, humidity, air velocity, and carbon dioxide sensors were placed in the inlet and outlet section of each element that has an effect on the cooling process. To provide continuous data recording and remote monitoring of air handling parameters and energy consumption of the system, a network monitor interface was developed by building management system-based software. The energy impact of the heat wheel resulted in a 624 kWh energy saving and 25.1% energy saving rate for the electric energy consumption of the outdoor unit during the whole cooling period, compared to the system without heat wheel operation. The scale of CO2 cross-contamination in the heat wheel was evaluated as an average value of 16.4%, considering the whole cooling season.

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Al-Hyari, Laith, und Miklos Kassai. „Development and Experimental Validation of TRNSYS Simulation Model for Heat Wheel Operated in Air Handling Unit“. Energies 13, Nr. 18 (22.09.2020): 4957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184957.

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Reducing energy usage to save the environment is one of the main goals for the future. The energy losses in ventilation have a huge impact on energy consumption in buildings. In this work, the energy performance of a heat recovery wheel system equipped in an air handling unit was tested year-round, and the results compared with the simulation output for the system using TRNSYS software. The selected conditioned space was the staff offices of an H&M fashion shop, located in Eger, Hungary. Temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity sensors were placed at the wheel inlet and outlet sections to record data and determine the annual energy saving. The results revealed a good agreement between the measured and simulated results.

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Men, Yiyu, Xiaohua Liu und Tao Zhang. „Experimental and numerical analysis on heat and moisture recovery performance of enthalpy wheel with condensation“. Energy Conversion and Management 246 (Oktober 2021): 114683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114683.

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13

He, Zhao Hong, Hong Yu Huang, Zhi Xian Lin, Hao Ran Yuan, Noriyuki Kobayashi, Hua Fang Guo und Yong Chen. „Study on Adsorption Desiccant Based Hybrid Air Conditioning System“. Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (Mai 2012): 1196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.1196.

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The desiccant based hybrid air conditioning system can control temperature and humidity separately, which consists of adsorption desiccant system and compression type refrigeration system. The adsorption desiccant system obtains the moisture power, and the compression type refrigeration can obtain sensible heat load. Generally, the regenerated energy consumption of the desiccant wheel is very large in the total energy consumption, using electric power, waste heat or renewable energy (solar etc). Heat recovery from the condenser considered as only regenerated energy in the new type adsorption desiccant based hybrid air conditioning system is proposed and discussed in this paper. This method can reduce much energy consumption, and make the air conditioning system structure simple.

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Men, Yiyu, Xiaohua Liu und Tao Zhang. „Frost prevention research of the enthalpy wheel in air conditioning systems and industrial heat recovery systems“. Building and Environment 222 (August 2022): 109428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109428.

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Streit, Philipp, und Andreas P. Weiß. „Parameterized, numerical design of a two-wheel Curtis steam turbine for small scale WHR“. MATEC Web of Conferences 345 (2021): 00031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134500031.

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In contrast to the current trend of converting waste heat into electricity in the small power range below 100 kWel by means of an ORC plant, the authors are pursuing the concept of a micro steam power plant equipped with a micro turbine. Water avoids many of the problems often associated with organic working fluids, such as flammability, toxicity, greenhouse gas effect and high fluid costs. However, water vapor makes turbine design more challenging. The physical reasons for this are repeated, and thereby it becomes clear why a velocity compounded two wheel Curtis turbine has been chosen. The used in-house 1D turbine design tool is briefly introduced. More focus is put on the shortcomings of the implemented 1D loss model and their negative impact on the current turbine design. Consequently, the authors continued actual turbine design by a parameterized approach in 3D CAD/CFD. This approach is explained, and finally, the CFD flow field and the performance maps of the designed turbine are discussed. The turbine is currently under construction and will be installed in 2022 in a waste heat recovery (WHR) plant in Nuremberg/Germany.

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Mathews, Joel Abraham. „Designing & Analysis of Supercapacitor Hybrid Battery System with Regenerative Braking“. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, Nr. 11 (30.11.2021): 894–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38925.

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Abstract: This work implements the help of a super capacitor hybridized with a battery pack to power a motor to work an electric bike. The supercapacitor of specification is built in combination with the battery pack to work in pair at instances where more load in needed. For example in situations like accelerating, decelerating, and climbing a slope. The supercapacitor is recharged while in motion using two different technologies: 1. Regenerative Braking and 2. Generator incorporated into wheel hub. Regenerative braking is an energy recovery mechanism that slows down a moving vehicle or object by converting its kinetic energy into a form that can be either used immediately or stored until needed. In this mechanism, the electric traction motor uses the vehicle's momentum to recover energy that would otherwise be lost to the brake discs as heat. This contrasts with conventional braking systems, where the excess kinetic energy is converted to unwanted and wasted heat due to friction in the brakes, or with dynamic brakes, where the energy is recovered by using electric motors as generators but is immediately dissipated as heat in resistors. In addition to improving the overall efficiency of the vehicle, regeneration can significantly extend the life of the braking system as the mechanical parts will not wear out very quickly. The system uses Faradays Law of Electromagnetic Induction to induce an EMF and generate voltage by passing a current carrying conductor through a rotating magnetic field. Using this implementation, it has been noted that the battery life has been increased significantly and the total range of the bike has also increased considerably. Keywords: Batteries, Battery pack, Supercapacitor, Hybrid power system, Dynamo mechanism

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Liu, Peng, Maria Justo Alonso, Hans Martin Mathisen und Anneli Halfvardsson. „The use of machine learning to determine moisture recovery in a heat wheel and its impact on indoor moisture“. Building and Environment 215 (Mai 2022): 108971. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.108971.

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Calautit, John Kaiser, Dominic O’Connor, Paige Wenbin Tien, Shuangyu Wei, Conrad Allan Jay Pantua und Ben Hughes. „Development of a natural ventilation windcatcher with passive heat recovery wheel for mild-cold climates: CFD and experimental analysis“. Renewable Energy 160 (November 2020): 465–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.05.177.

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Shahsavar, Amin, und Shoaib Khanmohammadi. „Energy and economic evaluation and multicriteria optimization of different arrangements of integrated photovoltaic thermal and heat recovery wheel system“. International Journal of Energy Research 44, Nr. 3 (16.12.2019): 1488–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.4899.

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Dou, Haishi, und Youtong Zhang. „Thermal Analysis and Test of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Performances“. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2378, Nr. 1 (01.12.2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2378/1/012012.

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Abstract The axial flux permanent-magnet synchronous motor with amorphous alloy stators has the advantages of high power density, high efficiency, large starting torque. But the PMSM has poor performance in heat resistant and radiation. And the electromagnetic loss has a significant impact on in-wheel motor’s heat generation. To demonstrate the influence of electromagnetic loss on winding coils of the PMSM, the mathematical model of the thermal transformation was founded to illustrate the progress of temperature rising. The mathematical model and experimental test were verified mutually. The experimental prototype was manufactured and tested, including the output power model and braking energy recovery model. And the experimental prototype performed working in low rotation speed mode and middle rotation speed mode separately, when the revolving speed increased by 50% the thermal of winding raise approximately 23.5%. Further, the analytic formulas and experimental results consistent with each other approximately, in which the mathematical analysis method was verified by test value.

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Shahsavar, Amin, und Shoaib Khanmohammadi. „Effects of number of objective functions on the optimization of a hybrid building integrated photovoltaic/thermal-heat recovery wheel unit“. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 53 (Oktober 2022): 102365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2022.102365.

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Fu, Huangxi, Xiaohua Liu, Ying Xie und Yi Jiang. „Experimental and numerical analysis on total heat recovery performance of an enthalpy wheel under high temperature high humidity working conditions“. Applied Thermal Engineering 146 (Januar 2019): 482–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.10.026.

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Garcia, Christian K., Alex J. Mattingly, Gerard P. Robinson, Orlando Laitano, Michelle A. King, Shauna M. Dineen, Lisa R. Leon und Thomas L. Clanton. „Sex-dependent responses to exertional heat stroke in mice“. Journal of Applied Physiology 125, Nr. 3 (01.09.2018): 841–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00220.2018.

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With increasing participation of females in endurance athletics and active military service, it is important to determine if there are inherent sex-dependent susceptibilities to exertional heat injury or heat stroke. In this study we compared responses of male and female adult mice to exertional heat stroke (EHS). All mice were instrumented for telemetry core temperature measurements and were exercise-trained for 3 wk before EHS. During EHS, environmental temperature was 37.5°C (35% RH) while the mice ran on a forced running wheel, using incremental increases in speed. The symptom-limited endpoint was loss of consciousness, occurring at ~42.2°C core temperature. Females ran greater distances (623 vs. 346 m, P < 0.0001), reached faster running speeds (7.2 vs. 5.1 m/min, P < 0.0001), exercised for longer times (177 vs. 124 min, P < 0.0001), and were exposed to greater internal heat loads (240 vs.160°C·min; P < 0.0001). Minimum Tc during hypothermic recovery was ~32.0°C in both sexes. Females lost 9.2% body weight vs. 7.5% in males ( P < 0.001). Females demonstrated higher circulating corticosterone (286 vs 183 ng/ml, P = 0.001, at 3 h), but most plasma cytokines were not different. A component of performance in females could be attributed to greater body surface area/mass and greater external power performance. However, there were significant and independent effects of sex alone and a crossed effect of “sex × power” on performance. These results demonstrate that female mice have greater resistance to EHS during exercise in hyperthermia and that these effects cannot be attributed solely to body size. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Female mice are surprisingly more resistant to exertional heat stroke than male mice. They run faster and longer and can withstand greater internal heat loads. These changes cannot be fully accounted for by increased body surface/mass ratio in females or on differences in aerobic performance. Although the stress-immune response in males and females was similar, females exhibited markedly higher plasma corticosteroid levels, which were sustained over 14 days of recovery.

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Aridi, Rima, Jalal Faraj, Samer Ali, Mostafa Gad El-Rab, Thierry Lemenand und Mahmoud Khaled. „Energy Recovery in Air Conditioning Systems: Comprehensive Review, Classifications, Critical Analysis, and Potential Recommendations“. Energies 14, Nr. 18 (16.09.2021): 5869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185869.

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Energy has become the backbone of humanities daily activities. Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems (HVAC), which consume around 39% of energy in the residential sector, have turned into an essential constituent for providing fresh air, especially after COVD-19, not only in hospitals but also in any simple construction. Thus, decreasing this percentage or recovering part of the energy lost is an essential issue in today’s energy management scenarios. In this context, the present manuscript suggests a comprehensive review, classifications, critical analysis, and potential recommendations for energy recovery in air conditioning systems. It classifies energy recovery into two main categories: using lost energy for external uses, such as heating domestic water, or with other devices; and using lost energy for internal uses, such as the hot airflow which can be reused again for increasing efficiency of HVAC. In addition, this paper presents a summary of previous research and undertakes a review of the devices used for recovering energy. Furthermore, this review identifies superior devices in terms of climate and weather conditions. These objectives are accomplished by investigating around 190 published papers to conclude that energy recovery devices show a considerable effect on energy consumption in HVAC, mainly the heat pipe, fixed plate, and rotary wheel devices.

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Janischowsky, Fabian, Dominik Stümpfl, Philipp Streit, Andreas P. Weiß und Andreas Lesser. „CFD Simulation and Flow Study of a Velocity Compounded Radial Re-Entry Turbine - Elektra“. MATEC Web of Conferences 367 (2022): 00012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202236700012.

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In order to meet the targets set out in the Paris climate agreement of 2015, the energy sector needs to be restructured. In Germany for example the goal is to move out of both nuclear and coal-fired power. In order to fulfil more demanding energy requests alternative sources of energy must be found and made available. One component is the usage of Waste Heat Recovery. This paper deals with the evaluation simulation of an Elektra turbine, which concept is a velocity compounded radial re-entry single wheel turbine. Based on the first turbine design, multiple simulations were carried out in order to maximize the efficiency. With these simulations, optimization opportunities are described and identified. The paper concludes with a comparison of the results achieved by numerical simulation and on the experimental test bench. The main focus for this paper is to analyze the actual flow phenomena to identify possibilities for further improvements. All simulations were calculated with the commercial software FINETM/TURBO 15.1.

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Shahsavar, Amin, und Shoaib Khanmohammadi. „Feasibility of a hybrid BIPV/T and thermal wheel system for exhaust air heat recovery: Energy and exergy assessment and multi-objective optimization“. Applied Thermal Engineering 146 (Januar 2019): 104–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.09.101.

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Khanmohammadi, Shoaib, und Amin Shahsavar. „Energy analysis and multi-objective optimization of a novel exhaust air heat recovery system consisting of an air-based building integrated photovoltaic/thermal system and a thermal wheel“. Energy Conversion and Management 172 (September 2018): 595–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2018.07.057.

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Girolami, Barbara, Matteo Serano, Antonio Michelucci, Laura Pietrangelo und Feliciano Protasi. „Store-Operated Ca2+ Entry in Skeletal Muscle Contributes to the Increase in Body Temperature during Exertional Stress“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, Nr. 7 (29.03.2022): 3772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073772.

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Exertional heat stroke (HS) is a hyperthermic crisis triggered by an excessive accumulation of Ca2+ in skeletal muscle fibers. We demonstrated that exercise leads to the formation of calcium entry units (CEUs), which are intracellular junctions that reduce muscle fatigue by promoting the recovery of extracellular Ca2+ via store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Here, we tested the hypothesis that exercise-induced assembly of CEUs may increase the risk of HS when physical activity is performed in adverse environmental conditions (high temperature and humidity). Adult mice were: (a) first, divided into three experimental groups: control, trained-1 month (voluntary running in wheel cages), and acutely exercised-1 h (incremental treadmill run); and (b) then subjected to an exertional stress (ES) protocol, a treadmill run in an environmental chamber at 34 °C and 40% humidity. The internal temperature of the mice at the end of the ES was higher in both pre-exercised groups. During an ES ex-vivo protocol, extensor digitorum longus(EDL) muscles from the trained-1 month and exercised-1 h mice generated greater basal tension than in the control and were those that contained a greater number of CEUs, assessed by electron microscopy. The data collected suggest that the entry of Ca2+ from extracellular space via CEUs could contribute to exertional HS when exercise is performed in adverse environmental conditions.

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Nóbrega, C. E. L., und N. C. L. Brum. „Modeling and simulation of heat and enthalpy recovery wheels“. Energy 34, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2009): 2063–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2008.08.016.

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De Antonellis, Stefano, Manuel Intini, Cesare Joppolo und Calogero Leone. „Design Optimization of Heat Wheels for Energy Recovery in HVAC Systems“. Energies 7, Nr. 11 (14.11.2014): 7348–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en7117348.

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Fu, Huang-Xi, Qi-Rong Yang und Li-Zhi Zhang. „Effects of material properties on heat and mass transfer in honeycomb-type adsorbent wheels for total heat recovery“. Applied Thermal Engineering 118 (Mai 2017): 345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.03.006.

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F. Abdel Gawad, Ahmed. „Computational and Artificial Intelligence Study of the Parameters Affecting the Performance of Heat Recovery Wheels“. American Journal of Energy Engineering 3, Nr. 4 (2015): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.16.

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Kozak, Dariusz, und Paweł Mazuro. „Review of Small Gas Turbine Engines and Their Adaptation for Automotive Waste Heat Recovery Systems“. International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power 5, Nr. 2 (30.04.2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp5020008.

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Current commercial and heavy-duty powertrains are geared towards emissions reduction. Energy recovery from exhaust gases has great potential, considering the mechanical work to be transferred back to the engine. For this purpose, an additional turbine can be implemented behind a turbocharger; this solution is called turbocompounding (TC). This paper considers the adaptation of turbine wheels and gearboxes of small turboshaft and turbojet engines into a two-stage TC system for a six-cylinder opposed-piston engine that is currently under development. The initial conditions are presented in the first section, while a comparison between small turboshaft and turbojet engines and their components for TC is presented in the second section. Based on the comparative study, a total number of 7 turbojet and 8 turboshaft engines were considered for the TC unit.

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Campisi, J., und M. Fleshner. „Role of extracellular HSP72 in acute stress-induced potentiation of innate immunity in active rats“. Journal of Applied Physiology 94, Nr. 1 (01.01.2003): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00681.2002.

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Acute stress can compromise acquired, and potentiate innate, immunity. Recent evidence suggests that the impact of stress on measures of immunity can be modulated by the physical activity status of the organism and that extracellular heat shock protein 72 (eHSP72) contributes to the activation of innate immunity produced by stress. Therefore, this study investigated whether physical activity status would impact the immunologically enhancing effects of stressor exposure [inescapable tail-shock stress (IS)] on innate immunity and whether changes in eHSP72 responses could play a role. Adult, male Fischer 344 rats lived with mobile (physically active) or immobile (sedentary) running wheels. After 6 wk, rats were exposed to IS or to no stress. Immediately after IS, all rats were injected subcutaneously with live Escherichia coli. Inflammation was assessed daily, and plasma eHSP72 was measured at various time points. Rats exposed to IS resolved their inflammation faster than nonstressed rats, but the beneficial impact of stress on recovery was greater in physically active rats. All rats had equal increases in circulating eHSP72 after IS. Splenocytes harvested from a separate cohort of nonstressed rats were cultured with eHSP72, and nitric oxide and cytokines were measured. Physically active rats responded to eHSP72 stimulation in vitro with a greater nitric oxide and cytokine response than sedentary rats. Thus physically active rats both recover faster than sedentary rats after bacterial challenge + IS exposure and demonstrate potentiated cellular responses to eHSP72 activation that could be important for bacterial recovery.

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Niu, J. L., und L. Z. Zhang. „Effects of wall thickness on the heat and moisture transfers in desiccant wheels for air dehumidification and enthalpy recovery“. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 29, Nr. 2 (Februar 2002): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1933(02)00316-0.

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Shchukina, Natalia, Nikolay Loshkarev und Vladislav Lavrov. „Study on Thermal Operation and Design of Ring Furnace of the Pipe Rolling Plant“. Materials Science Forum 946 (Februar 2019): 468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.468.

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High productivity of rolling and pipe rolling mills, good quality of finished metal products is possible to provide in the presence of powerful heating furnaces, well heating the metal with minimal oxidation and decarburization. Such conditions are provided by ring furnaces which are widely used for heating the preparations at rolling of pipes, wheels and bands of the railway rolling stock. The purpose of the heat – receiving structure of the metal, providing a set of physical and working properties, or impart to these materials the ductility required for subsequent machining. The article deals with the design and thermal performance of the ring furnace operating at ChelPipe’s Pipe Rolling Plant No.2. The problems arising during the operation of the thermal unit are analyzed. The paper describes the calculation of heating of metal and heat balance of the ring furnace. In the course of the analysis of the results of design studies, the shortcomings of the existing heat recovery system are revealed and measures for the reconstruction of the furnace to reduce fuel consumption and increase productivity (replacement of the existing brick lining with fibrous, the use of regenerative burners, the use of non-water-cooled partitions, etc.) are proposed. The paper analyzes the design and thermal performance of the ring furnace for heating of pipe billets before rolling. It shows a heat balance of the ring heating furnace and provides measures for furnace reconstruction aimed at reduction in fuel consumption and increase in efficiency: replacement of the existing lining with fiber lining, use of regenerative burners, application of non-water cooled walls.

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Bailey, W. C., L. P. Pedigo und L. G. Higley. „Field Corn, Stalk Borer Control, 1983“. Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 10, Nr. 1 (01.01.1985): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/10.1.192.

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Abstract Experimental plots located in Ames, Story County, Iowa measured 25 ft by 6 rows (30-in centers) in continuous corn. Treatments were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Seed treatments and band applications were applied at planting (6 Jun ’84). Foliar compounds were conventionally applied to 2-leaf stage corn on 20 Jun using a 2-row, CO2-charged (35 psi) bicycle-wheel sprayer equipped with Delevan BC 10-70 No. 6 hollow-cone sprayer nozzles and delivering 15.1 gal/acre. Feral second and third instar stalk borer larvae were collected from infested corn and individually introduced at dusk on 22 Jun into whorls of 15 plants within each plot. Damage was assessed 5 days postinfestation using the following criteria: no plant damage, leaf feeding, and “dead-heart.” The number of live larvae recovered from each plot was recorded.

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Matveev, Yury, Marina Cherkasova, Viktor Rassokhin, Kirill Lapshin, Nikolay Kortikov, Rostislav Ivanovski, Evgenii Yurevich, Sergey Vokhmyanin, Viktor Popov und Irina Akhmetova. „Determination of the optimal working fluid for the turbine recovering combustion engine exhaust gases heat“. E3S Web of Conferences 91 (2019): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199101001.

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Microsteam turbine implementation for combustion engine exhaust gases heat recovery and subsequent acquisition of additional power is being investigated in many developed countries of the world. The results of such studies have already found application in some trucks. But this type of turbines is very weak in the Russian market. Turbine installation behind the combustion engine works under conditions of low volumetric flow of work fluid. This leads to a decrease in the height of the blade and vane wheels flow passage and an increase of the relative values of the gaps in the seals which are the reasons for the growth of the working fluid leakages. High degree of pressure reduction when selecting single-stage turbine leads to a supersonic velocity in the flow passage and an increase of the losses due to powerful shock waves. The efficiency of the turbine installation under these operating conditions is low and requires additional investigations. In this work, the working fluids which can give the greatest efficiency of the turbine installation were investigated. It was shown that not only thermodynamic but also hazardous and economic parameters must be taken into consideration. Working fluid with the high thermodynamic efficiency was compared with the one that profitable from economic point of view. The most appropriate substance was chosen and implemented in the microsteam turbine. The turbine stage which allows increasing economy and ecological compatibility of the combustion engine was developed and optimized by analytical methods.

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Ding, Jiageng. „Research on Energy-fed Suspension Control System of New Energy Vehicles Based on Energy Flow Analysis“. E3S Web of Conferences 375 (2023): 03012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337503012.

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Suspension is the general name of the device that connects the conductive force between the car body and the wheels. Among them, operational stability and ride comfort are two contradictory requirements in actual driving. In the traditional vehicle suspension system, in order to maintain the ride comfort of the vehicle, the vibration energy caused by uneven road surface is usually dissipated by passive shock absorber in the form of heat. If this part of energy can be recovered in an effective way, the energy demand of the whole vehicle system can be reduced. Usually, the stiffness of semi-active suspension is constant, and the damping coefficient will change automatically with the change of driving conditions. Its advantages are simple structure, no need to consume automobile power, and the damping coefficient will change with the change of automobile driving conditions, which can effectively improve automobile riding comfort and handling stability. This paper expounds the problems encountered by traditional suspension, and analyzes the semi-automatic control strategy of regenerative suspension of new energy vehicles from the perspective of energy flow.

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Xu, Hockin H. K., und Said Jahanmir. „Effect of microstructure on damage tolerance in grinding dental glass-ceramics“. Journal of Materials Research 13, Nr. 8 (August 1998): 2231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0312.

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This study investigated the modes of grinding-induced subsurface damage in dental glass-ceramics and the influence of microstructure on strength degradation. A series of micaceous glass-ceramics crystallized from the same glass composition were tested. The diameter of the mica platelets in these glass-ceramics was varied via heat treatment. Grinding was performed using three diamond wheels (with diamond particle size of 40, 100, and 180 µm, respectively) at depth of cut ranging from 5 µm to 100 µm. A bonded- interface technique was employed to examine the machining- induced subsurface damage. Relatively large median and lateral cracks were found in the glass-ceramic with the smallest mica platelets. In contrast, no cracks were found in the material containing large mica platelets. The ground specimens were fractured in four-point flexure to measure strength as a function of grinding conditions and mica platelet sizes. The strength of the ground specimens was reduced to approximately 30% of the strength of the polished specimens for the glass- ceramic containing the smallest mica platelets; that of the glass-ceramic with the intermediate mica platelet size was reduced to 60%. In contrast, virtually no strength loss occurred with the glass-ceramic containing large mica platelets. Microstructure was shown to determine the mode and degree of strength-controlling damage in the machining of these dental glass-ceramics. Polishing after grinding removes subsurface damage and recovers strength for the glass-ceramics containing fine mica crystals.

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Budiono, Boris P., Louise E. See Hoe, Jason N. Peart, Surendran Sabapathy, Kevin J. Ashton, Luke J. Haseler und John P. Headrick. „Voluntary running in mice beneficially modulates myocardial ischemic tolerance, signaling kinases, and gene expression patterns“. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 302, Nr. 9 (01.05.2012): R1091—R1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00406.2011.

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Exercise triggers hormesis, conditioning hearts against damaging consequences of subsequent ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). We test whether “low-stress” voluntary activity modifies I/R tolerance and molecular determinants of cardiac survival. Male C57BL/6 mice were provided 7-day access to locked (7SED) or rotating (7EX) running-wheels before analysis of cardiac prosurvival (Akt, ERK 1/2) and prodeath (GSK3β) kinases, transcriptomic adaptations, and functional tolerance of isolated hearts to 25-min ischemia/45-min reperfusion. Over 7 days, 7EX mice increased running from 2.1 ± 0.2 to 5.3 ± 0.3 km/day (mean speed 38 ± 2 m/min), with activity improving myocardial I/R tolerance: 7SED hearts recovered 43 ± 3% of ventricular force with diastolic contracture of 33 ± 3 mmHg, whereas 7EX hearts recovered 63 ± 5% of force with diastolic dysfunction reduced to 23 ± 2 mmHg ( P < 0.05). Cytosolic expression (total protein) of Akt and GSK3β was unaltered, while ERK 1/2 increased 30% in 7EX vs. 7SED hearts. Phosphorylation of Akt and ERK 1/2 was unaltered, whereas GSK3β phosphorylation increased ∼90%. Microarray interrogation identified significant changes (≥1.3-fold expression change, ≤5% FDR) in 142 known genes, the majority (92%) repressed. Significantly modified paths/networks related to inflammatory/immune function (particularly interferon-dependent), together with cell movement, growth, and death. Of only 14 induced transcripts, 3 encoded interrelated sarcomeric proteins titin, α-actinin, and myomesin-2, while transcripts for protective actin-stabilizing ND1-L and activator of mitochondrial biogenesis ALAS1 were also induced. There was no transcriptional evidence of oxidative heat-shock or other canonical “stress” responses. These data demonstrate that relatively brief voluntary activity substantially improves cardiac ischemic tolerance, an effect independent of shifts in Akt, but associated with increased total ERK 1/2 and phospho-inhibition of GSK3β. Transcriptomic data implicate inflammatory/immune and sarcomeric modulation in activity-dependent protection.

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Hoang, Thanh, Robert Leimbach, Andrew Spiro und Mohamed Shakir. „ODP299 Cabergoline Administration Markedly Improves Cognitive Impairment Associated with Macroprolactinoma“. Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (01.11.2022): A486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1009.

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Abstract Introduction Prolactinomas classically present with galactorrhea, infertility, or hypogonadal symptoms. However cognitive impairment is rare presentation. We describe a man with a macroprolactinoma presenting with significant cognitive dysfunction which improved remarkably with cabergoline treatment. Case History A 21-year-old man with no significant past medical history presented to the hospital for evaluation of seizure-like activity. His father noted him limping earlier in the day and witnessed him fall and hit his head, while his brother reported involuntary convulsions and decreased awareness earlier that week. The patient himself had been complaining of blurry vision for 3 months for which he was prescribed glasses. Initial head CT demonstrated a 3.4×4.3×3.4cm cystic mass in the sella, 3.9×3.2×2.6 cm mass in the right basal ganglia and 2.7×2.3×3cm mass in the right temporal lobe. His prolactin was elevated at 16326 ng/mL. He was empirically started on dexamethasone due to concern for cerebral edema and was admitted. Surgery was recommended given the severity of his presentation, but the patient declined and he was discharged on cabergoline 1.5mg/week, dexamethasone taper, hydrocortisone 15mg/day, and levetiracetam 1000mg twice daily. On initial outpatient endocrinology evaluation 3 weeks later, he required the use of a wheel chair. Examination was notably for markedly flat affect, slurred speech, decreased attention span requiring frequent re-direction during the interview but he was otherwise oriented to person, time, and place. Neurological examination was noted for 4/5 muscle weakness throughout, facial asymmetry, decreased facial sensation, and an antalgic gait. He was recommended for expedited neurosurgical evaluation but he again declined. Laboratory drawn at this time showed a prolactin of 1946 ng/mL and total testosterone of 45 ng/dL, but he had normal thyroid and growth hormone axis (adrenal axis was not assessed as he was on dexamethasone taper). Carbergoline was titrated with further improvement in his prolactin levels. Four months after initial presentation, he reported enrolling in college with resolution of any cognitive and neurological deficits. Fourteen months after presentation, serum prolactin was 34 ng/mL on 4mg cabergoline per week and he is active in college and regularly plays basketball. Discussion Prolactinomas are incidentally detected or found as a result of workup for galactorrhea, infertility, or low libido. Typically, goals for treatment are to relieve compressive effects along the optic chiasm or to restore gonadal function. Acute cognitive decline should also be considered when there is a macroprolactinoma, and serial monitoring for improvement may be considered a clinical marker along with MRI imaging and prolactin levels. In this case, the patient had marked cognitive dysfunction on initial presentation but after 3 months of treatment had almost complete recovery as evidenced by his re-enrolling in college classes successfully. Presentation: No date and time listed

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Khan, Hashim Raza, Insia Haura und Riaz Uddin. „RoboDoc: Smart Robot Design Dealing with Contagious Patients for Essential Vitals Amid COVID-19 Pandemic“. Sustainability 15, Nr. 2 (14.01.2023): 1647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021647.

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The COVID-19 pandemic took valuable lives all around the world. The virus was so contagious and lethal that some of the doctors who worked with COVID-19 patients either were seriously infected or died, even after using personal protective equipment. Therefore, the challenge was not only to help communities recover from the pandemic, but also to protect the healthcare staff/professionals. In this regard, this paper presents a comprehensive design of a customized pseudo-humanoid robot to specifically deal with contagious patients by taking basic vitals through a healthcare staff member from a remote location amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The proposed design consists of two portions: (1) a complete design of mechanical, electrical/electronic, mechatronic, control, and communication parts along with complete assembly to make a complete multitask-performing robot that interacts with patients to take vitals, termed as RoboDoc, and (2) the design of the healthcare staff side (master/operator side) control of a joystick mechanism with haptic feedback. The proposed RoboDoc design can be majorly divided into three parts: (1) the locomotion part is composed of two-wheeled DC motors on a rover base and two omni wheels to support the movements of the robot; (2) the interaction part consists of a single degree-of-freedom (s-DOF) neck to have communication with different heights of patients and (3) two anthropomorphic arms with three degrees-of-freedom (3-DOF). These parts help RoboDoc to reach to patient’s location and take all of the vitals using relevant devices such as an IR temperature thermometer, pulse oximeter, and electronic stethoscope for taking live auscultations from the lungs and heart of the patient. The mechanical design was created using solid works, and the electronic control design was made via proteus 8.9. For haptic teleoperation, an XBOX 360 controller based on wireless communication is used at the master/operator side. For the convenience of the healthcare staff (operator), an interactive desktop-based GUI was developed for live monitoring of all the vital signs of patients. For the remote conversation between the healthcare staff and the patient, a tablet is mounted (that also serves as the robot’s face), and that tablet is controlled via a mobile application. For visual aid, a DSLR camera is integrated and controlled remotely, which helps the doctor monitor the patient’s location as well as examine the patient’s throat. Finally, successful experimental results of basic vitals of the remote patient such as temperature sensing, pulse oximeter, and heart rate (using haptic feedback) were obtained to show the significance of the proposed cost-effective RoboDoc design.

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Walker, Susan. „The Imperial Family as Seen in Cyrene“. Libyan Studies 25 (Januar 1994): 167–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263718900006324.

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In the summer of 1989 a new electricity cable was laid from New Shahat to the Caesareum of Cyrene, its course following the line of the road made in the 1920s through the (now largely abandoned) village of old Shahat. The construction of the road had already revealed several blocks of an engaged Doric architectural order in the unexcavated southeastern quarter of the ancient city; from the trench cut in 1989 were recovered parts of eight marble sculptures susceptible of interpretation, less identifiable fragments of other figures in marble and limestone, and a number of ashlar blocks with drafted margins cut in local limestone. Though the architectural finds suggest the presence of a substantial public building, the sculptures were apparently found packed in a row, giving the impression of having been deliberately buried during preparation for transit to a lime kiln. Without excavation no more can be said of their original context, beyond what may be gleaned from an examination of the sculptures themselves.This paper is concerned with six of the more complete marble statues, which form an interesting, if not aesthetically distinguished group of portraits of members of the first Roman imperial family. The six survivors fall into three sub-groups, which are briefly described below; there follows an assessment of the relationship of the statues to contemporary portraits of the imperial family from Cyrene and elsewhere.Two of the statues are carved in Pentelic marble, and are of exceptional scale. Of these the better preserved is a figure of a woman originally cut from one block to stand about 2.10 metres high but now sliced from top to base through the thicker part of the lower torso and horizontally through the whole torso into pieces 20–30 cm high, presumably to facilitate delivery, perhaps by hand, to the lime kiln (Figs 1–2). The unveiled woman is dressed in tunic and cloak, the latter swept over her left shoulder in the manner of the Kore of Praxiteles, a type well known in the Cyrenaican repertoire. The cloak is drawn far from the right side of her body, suggesting that her right forearm, now lost, was raised to hold an object (Fig. 3, right). The hair is waved to either side of a central parting, and drawn back from the face in thick tresses which are massed wide of the head to fall into a looped plait below the nape of the neck and over the edge of the cloak (Fig. 4). Around the face is a row of pin-wheel curls; there is no break in the curls at the central parting of the hair, and the curls come close to the ends of the eyebrows. The lower earlobes are exposed. The face is broad and round, with a low brow accentuated by the hairstyle, plump cheeks and a small receding chin. The nose and mouth are badly damaged, but the mouth appears small. The eyes are large, round and wide-set (Fig. 5).

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Guerrero Rodríguez, Cristina, Manuel Sosa-Correa, Antonio Zayas García und Rocío Guil Bozal. „REGULACIÓN EMOCIONAL EN JÓVENES DEPORTISTAS ANTE SITUACIONES ADVERSAS EN COMPETICIÓN“. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología. 2, Nr. 1 (22.10.2017): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2017.n1.v2.950.

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Abstract.EMOTIONAL REGULATION IN YOUNG ATHLETES FACING ADVERSE SITUATIONS IN COMPETITIONThis study was designed to examine the emotional regulation in a young football team (16-17 y. o.), regarding how they face adverse situations in the competition. A sample of 21 players filled a measure of trait emotional intelligence: TMMS-24 (Fernandez-Berrocal et al., 2004, Spanish version). Emotional Cognitive Regulation was with the CERQ (Domínguez et al., 2011, Spanish version), Emotional states were assessed with the POMS (McNair et al., 1971) and the Geneva Emotional Wheel (GEW, Sacharin, Schlegel, & Scherer, 2012), and the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2, Arruza et al., 2011). To increase their emotional competencies, players were training in emotional regulation with the Ellis Rational Emotive Imagination technique. The physiological variables: heart rate, skin conductance and respiration were recorded while performing the same exercise (Biofeedback-2000x-pert). Psychophysiological responses were monitored during the different phases: adaptation, motivation, motivation and recovery. Outcomes showed significant negative relationships between emotional intelligence and negative emotional states of POMS as well as with maladaptive strategies and positive with adaptive strategies. After emotional regulation training, participants were able to change their cognitive appraisals, and their emotional state in facing adverse situations as GEW measure reflected after training, and their psychophysiological parameters. Training in emotional regulation helps young football players to improve their both cognitive and emotional components of the affect and improving their competencies to face adverse situations during a football match.Key words: Emotional Regulation, Young Athletes, Cognition, Emotion, and Physiology.Resumen.La finalidad del estudio fue examinar la regulación emocional en jóvenes deportistas, integrantesde un equipo de fútbol masculino entre 16 y 17 años, ante situaciones desfavorables en competición. Primero, se analizaron las relaciones entre diferentes aspectos psicoemocionales: Inteligencia Emocional medida con la Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24; Regulación Emocional medida con el Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ); y Estados Emocionales medidos con el Profile of Mood States (POMS), la Rueda de Emociones de Ginebra y el Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2). Posteriormente, tras un entrenamiento en regulación emocional mediante la técnica de Imaginación Racional Emotiva de Ellis, se realizaron los registros psicofisiológicos de la tasa cardiaca, conductancia de la piel y respiración (Biofeedback-2000x-pert) mientras realizaban el mismo ejercicio. El objetivo fue comprobar si los jugadores lograban regular sus emociones, ante la situación adversa, a partir del cambio en su valoración emocional cognitiva y en sus respuestas psicofisiológicas durante las diferentes fases: adaptación (A), desmotivación (D), motivación (M) y recuperación (R). Los resultados mostraron correlaciones significativas negativas entre variables de la inteligencia emocional y los estados emocionales negativos del POMS así como con estrategias desadaptativas; y, positivas con estrategias adaptativas. Asimismo se observó que los jóvenes, tras el entrenamiento en regulación emocional, consiguieron cambiar su valoración cognitiva y su estado emocional ante la situación adversa. Esto quedó reflejado en sus respuestas cognitivas y emocionales en la Rueda y en su patrón diferencial de respuesta psicofisiológico durante las distintas fases. También en los resultados deportivos del equipo. En conclusión, el entrenamiento en regulación emocional ayuda a los jóvenes a saber cómo regular sus emociones más adaptativamente, especialmente ante situaciones adversas. Esto supone una herramienta de gran utilidad para mejorar el bienestar psicológico de los deportistas y mejorar su rendimiento en competición.Palabras clave: Regulación Emocional, Jóvenes Deportistas, Cognición, Emoción y Fisiología.

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Çiftçi, Erdem, und Adnan Sözen. „Numerical investigation of a heat wheel performance used for enthalpy recovery applications“. Research on Engineering Structures and Materials, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17515/resm2016.60en0711.

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Jani DB. „An overview on use of desiccant dehumidifiers in modern air-conditioning“. Open Journal of Architectural Engineering, 02.12.2019, 16–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36811/ojae2019.110002.

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The solid desiccant based dehumidifier used in conjunction with the conventional HVAC combines the dehumidification of solid desiccant system and with the cooling capacity of the conventional air conditioning system. This hybrid cooling system provides thermal comfort to the occupants of the conditioned space. The hybrid systems main appeal lies in the fact that, it consumes much lesser high grade electrical energy as compared to the dedicated standalone traditional air conditioning systems. The electrical energy usage is possible still lower by use of primary energy sources for to supply the thermal energy needed for the desiccant regeneration. For this purpose freely available renewable solar energy or industrial waste heat can also be used for the regeneration heat source. Sometimes it is also possible to provide condenser waste heat for the part of desiccant reactivation heat supply may increase the overall performance of the system. It was also found that this cooling system with use of air to air waste heat recovery wheel performed better than without it in terms of dehumidification as well as cooling performance. The present study report important literature survey on the dehumidification potentials of desiccant integrated hybrid cooling system operating in hot and humid climates. Keywords: Hybrid air-conditioning; Rotary desiccant dehumidifier; Heat recovery wheel; Regeneration heat; Renewable solar energy; Waste heat

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Zhang, Tao, Xiaohua Liu und Ying Xie. „Performance Comparison of Enthalpy Recovery Devices Using Liquid Desiccant and Desiccant Wheel“. Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications 12, Nr. 5 (26.02.2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4046063.

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Abstract Heat recovery between outdoor air and indoor exhaust air is an effective approach for energy-saving in the air-conditioning system. Performances of enthalpy recovery devices using liquid desiccant (LD) and desiccant wheel (DW) are compared in the present study. Effects of key factors including desiccant flow rate, number of transfer units (NTUm), and air inlet parameters on recovery performance are analyzed. There exists the same ideal recovery efficiency with a given NTUm for these two kinds of devices. However, an optimal solution flow rate could be achieved for enthalpy recovery device using LD, while a higher rotation speed leads to a higher recovery efficiency for that using DW. Recovery efficiencies of the two devices increase with the increase in NTUm, while they have different ranges of NTUm. NTUm of the DW is usually superior to that of the LD, due to the material difference. Then, the optimum methods to improve recovery efficiency of the two devices are clarified, i.e., increasing NTUm for an enthalpy recovery device using LD and choosing a reasonable rotation speed for that using DW, respectively. The present research will be beneficial to cast light on the relation between enthalpy recovery devices using LD and DW.

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Herraiz, Laura, Erika Palfi, Eva Sánchez Fernández und Mathieu Lucquiaud. „Rotary Adsorption: Selective Recycling of CO2 in Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plants“. Frontiers in Energy Research 8 (11.12.2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2020.482708.

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A conceptual design assessment shows that the use of structured adsorbents in a regenerative adsorption wheel is technically feasible for the application of selective exhaust gas recirculation (SEGR) in combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plants. As the adsorber rotates, CO2 is selectively transferred from a flue gas stream to an ambient air stream fed to the gas turbine compressor, increasing the CO2 concentration and reducing the flow rate of the fraction of the flue gases treated in a post-combustion CO2 capture system. It imposes an estimated pressure drop of 0.25 kPa, unlike a pressure drop of 10 kPa reported for selective CO2 membrane systems, preventing a significant derating of the gas turbine. An equilibrium model of a rotary adsorber with commercially available activated carbon evaluates the inventory of the adsorbent and sizes the wheel rotor. Two rotary wheels of 24 m diameter and 2 m length are required per gas turbine—heat recovery steam generator train to achieve an overall CO2 capture level of 90% in a CCGT power plant (ca. 820 MWe) with SEGR “in parallel” to the capture plant. Two to five rotary wheels are required for a configuration with SEGR “in series” to the capture plant. A reduction of 50% in the mass of the adsorbent would be possible with Zeolite 13X instead of activated carbon, yet the hydrophilicity of zeolites are detrimental to the capacity and upstream dehydration of the flue gases is required. A parametric analysis of the equilibrium properties provides guidelines for adsorbent development. It suggests the importance of balancing the affinity for CO2 to allow the regeneration of the adsorbent with air at near ambient pressure and temperature, to minimise the inventory of the adsorbent within practical limits. An adsorbent with a saturation capacity of 8 mol/kg, a heat of adsorption from 24 to 28 kJ/mol CO2 and a pre-exponential factor of the equilibrium constant from 2 × 10–6 to 9 × 10–6 kPa−1 would result in an inventory below 200 kg, i.e., approximately the limit for the use of a single rotary wheel system.

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„4769053 High efficiency sensible and latent heat exchange media with selected transfer for a total energy recovery wheel“. Heat Recovery Systems and CHP 9, Nr. 4 (Januar 1989): vii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0890-4332(89)90119-1.

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