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1

Anderson, John R. „Host Specific Cephenemyia of Deer Repelled by Non-Host Odors“. Journal of Insect Behavior 25, Nr. 6 (20.04.2012): 620–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10905-012-9330-z.

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2

Groisman, Eduardo A., und Chakib Mouslim. „Sensing by bacterial regulatory systems in host and non-host environments“. Nature Reviews Microbiology 4, Nr. 9 (07.08.2006): 705–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro1478.

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3

Schafer, W., und O. C. Yoder. „Organ specificity of fungal pathogens on host and non-host plants“. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 45, Nr. 3 (September 1994): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0885-5765(05)80078-5.

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4

Li, Hua, Xintian Ge, Shiue Han, Krishnapillai Sivasithamparam und Martin John Barbetti. „Histological responses of host and non-host plants to Hyaloperonospora parasitica“. European Journal of Plant Pathology 129, Nr. 2 (17.09.2010): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-010-9664-3.

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5

Bains, S. S., und H. S. Dhaliwal. „Production of Neovossia indica sporidia on host and non-host plants“. Plant and Soil 126, Nr. 1 (August 1990): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00041372.

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6

Cusumano, Antonino, Jeffrey A. Harvey, Marcel Dicke und Erik H. Poelman. „Hyperparasitoids exploit herbivore-induced plant volatiles during host location to assess host quality and non-host identity“. Oecologia 189, Nr. 3 (05.02.2019): 699–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-019-04352-w.

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7

Ballabeni, Pierluigi, und Martine Rahier. „Performance of leaf beetle larvae on sympatric host and non-host plants“. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 97, Nr. 2 (November 2000): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1570-7458.2000.00728.x.

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8

Giovannetti, M., L. Lioi und G. Picci. „Host and non-host relationships between Arbutus unedo L. And mycorrhizal fungi“. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 29, Nr. 1-4 (Februar 1990): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(90)90271-e.

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9

Allen, Ryan M., Corey A. Scipione, Marlys L. Koschinsky und Kasey C. Vickers. „Lipoprotein(a) Transports Diverse Host and Non-Host Small RNAs in Circulation“. Atherosclerosis Supplements 32 (Juni 2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2018.04.189.

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10

DE RIJK, MARJOLEIN, VICTOR CEGARRA SÁNCHEZ, HANS M. SMID, BAS ENGEL, LOUISE E. M. VET und ERIK H. POELMAN. „Associative learning of host presence in non-host environments influences parasitoid foraging“. Ecological Entomology 43, Nr. 3 (13.01.2018): 318–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/een.12504.

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11

Zimmerli, Laurent, Mónica Stein, Volker Lipka, Paul Schulze-Lefert und Shauna Somerville. „Host and non-host pathogens elicit different jasmonate/ethylene responses in Arabidopsis“. Plant Journal 40, Nr. 5 (17.11.2004): 633–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313x.2004.02236.x.

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12

Koenig, Christopher, Anne Bretschneider, David G. Heckel, Ewald Grosse-Wilde, Bill S. Hansson und Heiko Vogel. „The plastic response of Manduca sexta to host and non-host plants“. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 63 (August 2015): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibmb.2015.06.001.

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13

Frankel, Victor M., Andrew P. Hendry, Gregor Rolshausen und Mark E. Torchin. „Host preference of an introduced ‘generalist’ parasite for a non-native host“. International Journal for Parasitology 45, Nr. 11 (September 2015): 703–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2015.03.012.

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14

Mansson, Per E., und Fredrik Schlyter. „Hylobius pine weevils adult host selection and antifeedants: feeding behaviour on host and non-host woody scandinavian plants“. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 6, Nr. 2 (Mai 2004): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2004.00217.x.

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15

Mouslim, Chakib, Friederike Hilbert, Henry Huang und Eduardo A. Groisman. „Conflicting needs for a Salmonella hypervirulence gene in host and non-host environments“. Molecular Microbiology 45, Nr. 4 (August 2002): 1019–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03070.x.

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16

Rang, Cécile, Eric Alix, Christine Felix, Annie Heitz, Lena Tasse und Anne-Béatrice Blanc-Potard. „Dual role of the MgtC virulence factor in host and non-host environments“. Molecular Microbiology 63, Nr. 2 (29.11.2006): 605–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05542.x.

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17

Calatayud, P. A., Y. Rahbé, W. F. Tjallingii, M. Tertuliano und B. Rü. „Electrically recorded feeding behaviour of cassava mealybug on host and non-host plants“. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 72, Nr. 3 (September 1994): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1994.tb01821.x.

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18

Montilla-Bascón, G., D. Rubiales und E. Prats. „Changes in polyamine profile in host and non-host oat–powdery mildew interactions“. Phytochemistry Letters 8 (Mai 2014): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2014.01.002.

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19

Gouinguene, S. P. D., und E. Städler. „Comparison of the sensitivity of fourDeliaspecies to host and non-host plant compounds“. Physiological Entomology 30, Nr. 1 (März 2005): 62–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0307-6962.2005.00432.x.

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20

Perugini, Iolanda, Paola Chiavazza, Andrea Schubert, Paola Bonfante und Silvia Perotto. „Interaction of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi with host and non host plant callus tissues“. Giornale botanico italiano 129, Nr. 4 (Januar 1995): 965. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263509509440884.

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21

MacQuarrie, Chris J. K., und Gilles Boiteau. „Vertical distribution profile of Colorado potato beetle [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae] in flight above host, resistant host and non-host fields“. Phytoprotection 84, Nr. 3 (15.06.2004): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/008490ar.

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We evaluated the vertical stratification of Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) (CPB) populations in flight above fields of conventional potato, an insect resistant potato field expressing genes for Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis (Btt) toxins and a non-host clover field. Flight interception traps at 0 - 1.2, 1.2 - 2.4 and 2.4 - 3.6 m above ground were used to determine the vertical profiles of the aerial population over each crop for a growing season. The distribution of overwintered and summer CPB catches above conventional potatoes was similar with a significant effect of trap height on catch. The same vertical distribution profile was observed for overwintered CPB and a similar trend for summer CPB above the insect resistant field. Few overwintered beetles were captured over the clover field but enough summer CPBs were caught to detect a trend similar to that on resistant potatoes. Additional data show that more than 70% of CPBs fly less than 4 m in distance at a height of less than 2 m. These data suggest that the vertical flight profiles observed result from local dispersal of resident populations, or low level flights of summer beetles, but not from high level flights of dispersing overwintered adults.
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22

Lee, Young-Hee, und Jeum-Kyu Hong. „Host and Non-Host Disease Resistances of Kimchi Cabbage Against Different Xanthomonas campestris Pathovars“. Plant Pathology Journal 28, Nr. 3 (01.09.2012): 322–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/ppj.nt.04.2012.0041.

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23

Prokopy, Ronald J., Daniel R. Papaj und Tim T. Y. Wong. „Fruit-Foraging Behavior of Mediterranean Fruit Fly Females on Host and Non-Host Plants“. Florida Entomologist 69, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1986): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3495208.

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24

TRUJILLO, MARCO, MARCUS TROEGER, RIENTS E. NIKS, KARL-HEINZ KOGEL und RALPH HUCKELHOVEN. „Mechanistic and genetic overlap of barley host and non-host resistance to Blumeria graminis“. Molecular Plant Pathology 5, Nr. 5 (September 2004): 389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2004.00238.x.

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25

Loderer, Christoph, Karin Holmfeldt und Daniel Lundin. „Non-host class II ribonucleotide reductase in Thermus viruses: sequence adaptation and host interaction“. PeerJ 7 (08.04.2019): e6700. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6700.

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Ribonucleotide reductases (RNR) are essential enzymes for all known life forms. Their current taxonomic distribution suggests extensive horizontal gene transfer e.g., by processes involving viruses. To improve our understanding of the underlying processes, we characterized a monomeric class II RNR (NrdJm) enzyme from a Thermus virus, a subclass not present in any sequencedThermusspp. genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a distant origin of thenrdJmgene with the most closely related sequences found in mesophiles or moderate thermophiles from the Firmicutes phylum. GC-content, codon usage and the ratio of coding to non-coding substitutions (dN/dS) suggest extensive adaptation of the gene in the virus in terms of nucleotide composition and amino acid sequence. The NrdJm enzyme is a monomeric B12-dependent RNR with nucleoside triphosphate specificity. It exhibits a temperature optimum at 60–70 °C, which is in the range of the growth optimum ofThermusspp. Experiments in combination with theThermus thermophilusthioredoxin system show that the enzyme is able to retrieve electrons from the host NADPH pool via host thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductases. This is different from other characterized viral RNRs such as T4 phage RNR, where a viral thioredoxin is present. We hence show that the monomeric class II RNR, present in Thermus viruses, was likely transferred from an organism phylogenetically distant from the one they were isolated from, and adapted to the new host in genetic signature and amino acids sequence.
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26

White, P. R., und R. F. Chapman. „Olfactory sensitivity of gomphocerine grasshoppers to the odours of host and non-host plants“. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 55, Nr. 3 (Juni 1990): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1990.tb01364.x.

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27

Broadway, Roxanne M., und Michael G. Villani. „Does host range influence susceptibility of herbivorous insects to non-host plant proteinase inhibitors?“ Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 76, Nr. 3 (September 1995): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1995.tb01974.x.

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28

Hajek, Ann E., und Callie C. Eastburn. „Attachment and germination of Entomophaga maimaiga conidia on host and non-host larval cuticle“. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 82, Nr. 1 (Januar 2003): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-2011(02)00198-2.

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29

Pitt, Wayne M., Eric J. Cother, Norma J. Cother und Gavin J. Ash. „Infection process of Plectosporium alismatis on host and non-host species in the Alismataceae“. Mycological Research 108, Nr. 7 (Juli 2004): 837–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953756204000024.

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30

Han, Hongxiao, Jinbiao Peng, Yang Hong, Zhiqiang Fu, Ke Lu, Hao Li, Chuangang Zhu, Qiuhua Zhao und Jiaojiao Lin. „Comparative analysis of microRNA in schistosomula isolated from non-permissive host and susceptible host“. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 204, Nr. 2 (Dezember 2015): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molbiopara.2015.11.005.

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31

Wolf, S. J., und E. D. Earle. „Effects of Helminthosporium carbonum race 1 toxin on host and non-host cereal protoplasts“. Plant Science 76, Nr. 1 (Januar 1991): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9452(91)90226-x.

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32

Lawrence, W. S., und C. E. Bach. „Chrysomelid Beetle Movements in Relation to Host-Plant Size and Surrounding Non-Host Vegetation“. Ecology 70, Nr. 6 (Dezember 1989): 1679–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1938102.

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33

ROBINSON, J. N., und J. A. CALLOW. „Multiplication and spread of pathovars of Xanthomonas campestris in host and non-host plants“. Plant Pathology 35, Nr. 2 (Juni 1986): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1986.tb02001.x.

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34

Kadoya, Eri Z., und Hiroshi S. Ishii. „Host manipulation of bumble bee queens bySphaerularianematodes indirectly affects foraging of non-host workers“. Ecology 96, Nr. 5 (Mai 2015): 1361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/14-0036.1.

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35

Guevara, Roger, Alan D. M. Rayner und Stuart E. Reynolds. „Orientation of specialist and generalist fungivorous ciid beetles to host and non-host odours“. Physiological Entomology 25, Nr. 3 (September 2000): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3032.2000.00194.x.

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36

Sadek, Medhat M., und Peter Anderson. „Modulation of reproductive behaviour of Spodoptera littoralis by host and non-host plant leaves“. Basic and Applied Ecology 8, Nr. 5 (September 2007): 444–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2006.08.001.

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37

Stötefeld, Laura, Gerrit Holighaus, Stefan Schütz und Marko Rohlfs. „Volatile-mediated location of mutualist host and toxic non-host microfungi by Drosophila larvae“. Chemoecology 25, Nr. 5 (12.06.2015): 271–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00049-015-0197-2.

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38

Powell, Glen, Sangita P. Maniar, John A. Pickett und Jim Hardie. „Aphid responses to non‐host epicuticular lipids“. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 91, Nr. 1 (April 1999): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1570-7458.1999.00473.x.

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39

Tessier, Jeffrey M. „Infections in the Non-Transplanted Immunocompromised Host“. Surgical Infections 17, Nr. 3 (Juni 2016): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/sur.2016.008.

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40

Anderson, R. M., R. M. May und S. Gupta. „Non-linear phenomena in host—parasite interactions“. Parasitology 99, S1 (Januar 1989): S59—S79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000083426.

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SUMMARYThe paper examines non-linear dynamical phenomena in host—parasite interactions by reference to a series of different problems ranging from the impact on transmission of control measures based on vaccination and chemotherapy, to the effects of immunological responses targeted at different stages in a parasite's life-cycle. Throughout, simple mathematical models are employed to aid in interpretation. Analyses reveal that the influence of a defined control measure on the prevalence or intensity of infection, whether vaccination or drug treatment, is non-linearly related to the magnitude of control effort (as defined by the proportion of individuals vaccinated or treated with a drug). Consideration of the relative merits of gametocyte and sporozoite vaccines against malarial parasites suggests that very high levels of cohort immunization will be required to block transmission in endemic areas, with the former type of vaccine being more effective in reducing transmission for a defined level of coverage and the latter being better with respect to a reduction in morbidity. The inclusion of genetic elements in analyses of the transmission of helminth parasites reveals complex non-linear patterns of change in the abundance of different parasite genotypes under selection pressures imposed by either the host immunological defences or the application of chemotherapeutic agents. When resistance genes are present in parasite populations, the degree to which abundance can be suppressed by chemotherapy depends critically on the frequency and intensity of application, with intermediate values of the former being optimal. A more detailed consideration of the impact of immunological defences on parasite population growth within an individual host, by reference to the erythrocytic cycle of malaria, suggests that the effectiveness of a given immunological response is inversely related to the life-expectancy of the target stage in the parasite's developmental cycle.
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41

Wu, Un-In, und Steven M. Holland. „Host susceptibility to non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections“. Lancet Infectious Diseases 15, Nr. 8 (August 2015): 968–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(15)00089-4.

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42

Gryndler, Milan, Lucie Černá, Petra Bukovská, Hana Hršelová und Jan Jansa. „Tuber aestivum association with non-host roots“. Mycorrhiza 24, Nr. 8 (23.04.2014): 603–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00572-014-0580-9.

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43

Lipka, Ulrike, Rene Fuchs und Volker Lipka. „Arabidopsis non-host resistance to powdery mildews“. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 11, Nr. 4 (August 2008): 404–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2008.04.004.

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44

Mombo, Illich Manfred, Alexander N. Lukashev, Tobias Bleicker, Sebastian Brünink, Nicolas Berthet, Gael D. Maganga, Patrick Durand et al. „African Non-Human Primates Host Diverse Enteroviruses“. PLOS ONE 12, Nr. 1 (12.01.2017): e0169067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169067.

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45

Burkot, T. R. „Non-random host selection by anopheline mosquitoes“. Parasitology Today 4, Nr. 6 (Juni 1988): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-4758(88)90151-2.

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46

Oku, T., Y. Wakasaki, N. Adachi, C. I. Kado, K. Tsuchiya und T. Hibi. „Pathogenicity, Non-Host Hypersensitivity and Host Defence Non-Permissibility Regulatory Gene hrpX is Highly Conserved in Xanthomonas Pathovars“. Journal of Phytopathology 146, Nr. 4 (Mai 1998): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.1998.tb04679.x.

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47

VAN DER MESCHT, LUTHER, IRINA S. KHOKHLOVA, ELIZABETH M. WARBURTON und BORIS R. KRASNOV. „Parasite performance and host alternation: is there a negative effect in host-specific and host-opportunistic parasites?“ Parasitology 144, Nr. 8 (27.03.2017): 1107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182017000373.

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SUMMARYEnvironmental fluctuations are expected to require special adaptations only if they are associated with a decrease in fitness. We compared reproductive performance between fleas fed on alternating (preferred and non-preferred) hosts and fleas fed solely on either a preferred or a non-preferred host to determine whether (1) host alternation incurs an immediate negative effect, and, if yes, then (2) whether this effect is greater in a host specialist (Parapulex chephrenis) than in host generalists (Xenopsylla conformisandSynosternus cleopatrae). We also compared flea performance under alternating host regimes with different host order (initial feeding on either a preferred or a non-preferred host). An immediate negative effect of alternating hosts on reproductive performance was found inP. chephrenisonly. These fleas produced 44·3% less eggs that were 3·6% smaller when they fed on alternating hosts as compared with a preferred host. In contrast,X. conformisandS. cleopatraeappeared to be able to adapt their reproductive strategy to host alternation by producing higher quality offspring (on average, 3·1% faster development and 2·1% larger size) without compromising offspring number. However, the former produced eggs that were slightly, albeit significantly, smaller when it fed on alternating hosts as compared with a preferred host. Moreover, host order affected reproductive performance in host generalists (e.g. 2·8% larger eggs when the first feeding was performed on a non-preferred host), but not in a host specialist. We conclude that immediate effects of environmental fluctuation on parasite fitness depend on the degree of host specialization.
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48

Escudero-Martinez, Carmen, Daniel J. Leybourne und Jorunn I. B. Bos. „Plant resistance in different cell layers affects aphid probing and feeding behaviour during non-host and poor-host interactions“. Bulletin of Entomological Research 111, Nr. 1 (16.06.2020): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485320000231.

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AbstractAphids are phloem-feeding insects that cause economic losses to crops globally. Whilst aphid interactions with susceptible plants and partially resistant genotypes have been well characterized, the interactions between aphids and non-host species are not well understood. Unravelling these non-host interactions can identify the mechanisms which contribute to plant resistance. Using contrasting aphid-host plant systems, including the broad host range pest Myzus persicae (host: Arabidopsis; poor-host: barley) and the cereal pest Rhopalosiphum padi (host: barley; non-host: Arabidopsis), we conducted a range of physiological experiments and compared aphid settling and probing behaviour on a host plant vs either a non-host or poor-host. In choice experiments, we observed that around 10% of aphids selected a non-host or poor-host plant species after 24 h. Using the Electrical Penetration Graph technique, we showed that feeding and probing behaviours differ during non-host and poor-host interactions when compared with a host interaction. In the Arabidopsis non-host interaction with the cereal pest R. padi aphids were unable to reach and feed on the phloem, with resistance likely residing in the mesophyll cell layer. In the barley poor-host interaction with M. persicae, resistance is likely phloem-based as phloem ingestion was reduced compared with the host interaction. Overall, our data suggest that plant resistance to aphids in non-host and poor-host interactions with these aphid species likely resides in different plant cell layers. Future work will take into account specific cell layers where resistances are based to dissect the underlying mechanisms and gain a better understanding of how we may improve crop resistance to aphids.
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49

Döring, Thomas F., und Peter Skorupski. „Blattfarben von Wirts- und Nichtwirtspflanzen im Wahrnehmungsbereich des Kartoffelkäfers (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)“. Entomologia Generalis 29, Nr. 2-4 (01.01.2007): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/entom.gen/29/2007/81.

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MAEKAWA, Keiji, Mamoru HORIKOSHI und Iwao FURUSAWA. „Modes of multiplication of brome mosaic virus in protoplasts from host and non-host plants.“ Japanese Journal of Phytopathology 51, Nr. 2 (1985): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.51.227.

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