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1

S, Geetha Pushpanjali, Leela Praveena V, and Swamy P V. "NEEDLE FREE INJECTION TECHNOLOGY: A REVIEW." International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy 11, no. 5 (2020): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.1105170.

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Needleless injection systems are novel ways to introduce various medicines into patients without piercing a conventional needle. Needleless injection technology was developed to reduce the number of needle-stick accidents and associated problems; easy to use, disposable and their use is expected to increase considerably. Self-administration is feasible with these devices. This technology is used to deliver not only drugs but also proteins, peptides, monoclonal antibodies, small molecules and vaccines. This review describes pre-requisites, comparison between hypodermic and needle free injection
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2

Gonçalves, Aparecido Carlos, Sidnei Cavassana, Fábio R. Chavarette, Roberto Outa, Samuel J. Casarin, and Adalberto Vieira Corazza. "Variation of the Penetration Effort in an Artificial Tissue by Hypodermic Needles." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2020 (September 22, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8822686.

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Fear of injection-related pain is a drawback to injectable therapy. Hypodermic injections are a cause for great anxiety and reduced adherence to the subcutaneous application of insulin for glycemic control in diabetics or in the treatment of multiple sclerosis, increasing the risk of complications and mortality. Injured or sick people have to undergo several daily injections, forcing them to rotate the veins and regions used to recover from the trauma caused by the perforation of the skin, tissue, muscles, veins, and arteries. People who suffer from type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) need to have
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3

Li, Wen, Yi Ming Zhang, and Jing Chen. "Design, Fabrication and Characterization of in-Plane Titanium Microneedles for Transdermal Drug Delivery." Key Engineering Materials 483 (June 2011): 532–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.483.532.

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Transdermal drug delivery is an alternative way to transport drugs compared with oral route and hypodermic injection. The problem of oral route is the degradation of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract and their elimination through the liver. The hypodermic injection is problematic due to the pain and inconvenient for patients [1]. As a novel device of transdermal drug delivery, microneedles offer several advantages including the painless injection, the precise penetration depth under the skin and the long-term, continuous deliveries
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4

Ryan, R. P. "Hypodermic injections of brain extract in mental diseases." British Journal of Psychiatry 164, no. 2 (1994): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000050984.

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5

Landau, Marina. "Using cannulas for dermal filler placement: why, when and how?" Journal of Aesthetic Nursing 8, no. 5 (2019): 230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/joan.2019.8.5.230.

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Traditionally, dermal fillers have been administered to the face using a hypodermic needle. However, injecting using cannulas has become increasingly popular over the past decade, due to the changing goals of treatment, aims to improve patient experience and attemting to prevent complications. Many dermal filler products are now sold packaged with both a needle and a cannula in order to give the practitioner the choice of injection tool. It is therefore essential that the aesthetic practitioner is well educated on the topic of how to select the best injection tool for a procedure. This article
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Singh, Jagdeep, Anoop Kalia, Ravinder Kumar Banga, and Anshul Dahuja. "Broken needle in gluteal region following an intramuscular injection: a case report." International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics 5, no. 4 (2019): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20192229.

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<p class="abstract">Incidence of broken hypodermic needle in patients has been decreased because of superior manufacturing techniques. Breaking of hypodermic needle after intramuscular injection has been rarely reported. We report a case of broken needle in the gluteal region in a 36 years old woman following an intramuscular injection. Patient arrived in the emergency after 2 days of the episode. Patient was taken for surgery for removal of the needle. Initially attempts for removal of needle were made without use of image intensifier under local anaesthesia, but it failed as it was ver
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Karimi, Kian, Chester F. Griffiths, Alex Reivitis, Austin Davis-Hunter, Elizabeth Zhang, and Dorna Pourang. "Microcannula Utilization for Injectable Facial Fillers: Standard of Care?" American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery 35, no. 4 (2018): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748806818781633.

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The microcannula technique has become an increasingly popular method for injecting cosmetic fillers. Previous studies have illustrated that the microcannula technique allows filler to be injected with less pain, swelling, and essentially no bruising. This study is a retrospective clinical series examining 247 patients who have undergone dermal filler injections using the microcannula technique from 2011 to 2016 with a single injector, Kian Karimi. The purpose of this study is to assess the frequency of adverse events associated with injections such as bruising and swelling. All 666 recorded pa
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8

Mohammed Bashir, Rabiu, Afeez Abdulrahman, and Zakari Suleiman. "Effectiveness of Bupivacaine Trigger Points Injections in the Treatment of Myofascial Pain Syndrome." Annals of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 1, no. 1 (2020): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47838/acem.26011977.11162020.asmeda.4.0.

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Background: Myofascial pain syndrome is a regional or widespread muscular pain associated with tenderness localized to linear or nodular hardening, trigger points in one or group of muscles. It is a major cause of time loss from work and low quality of life. Injections of myofascial trigger points either with local anaesthetics, steroid, normal saline or without any agent have been proven to provide pain relief. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of trigger point injection with bupivacaine in treatment of myofascial pain syndrome and improvement in quality of life. Methods: After I
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CHOU, S. M., L. Y. ZHAI, and E. S. H. YEOH. "THE EFFECT OF HYPODERMIC NEEDLE PERFORATIONS ON THE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF CHICKEN TENDONS." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 06, no. 04 (2006): 447–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519406002011.

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Corticosteroid injection using hypodermic needles is one of the commonly accepted treatments for patients with hand conditions. However, in some cases the needle perforations may cause tendon ruptures. This paper aims to investigate the relationships between a tendon's ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and the number of hypodermic needle perforations as well as needle sizes. The UTS was determined for all specimens at the loading rate of 0.4 mm/s. Tendon specimens with perforations punctured by large-sized (19 G) hypodermic needles were found to have significantly lower UTS than those with perfo
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10

Botwin, Kenneth P. "Electromyographically Guided Trigger Point Injections in the Cervicothoracic Musculature of Obese Patients: A New and Unreported Technique." November 2007 6;10, no. 6;11 (2007): 753–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2007/10/753.

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Background: Myofascial pain is defined as pain that originates from myofascial trigger points in skeletal muscle. It is prevalent in regional musculoskeletal pain syndromes, either alone or in combination with other pain generators. The myofascial pain syndrome is one of the largest groups of under-diagnosed and under-treated medical problems encountered in clinical practice. Trigger points are commonly seen in patients with myofascial pain that can be responsible for localized pain in the affected muscles as well as referred pain patterns. Correct needle placement in a myofascial trigger poin
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Uppal, Nakul. "Dental root fragment extraction using a hypodermic needle." Tropical Doctor 38, no. 1 (2008): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/td.2007.060172.

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Fracture of dental roots during extraction leads some dentists to refer patients to oral surgeons for surgery, when removal of the root fragment is indicated. Lack of financial resources and unavailability of specialists in some regions of the world forces dentists to attempt the same themselves, occasionally without success. This article highlights how a general practitioner may safely use a simple dental injection needle to remove such fractured root-stumps prior to attempting surgery or referring a case. The benefits to the patient are economic and temporal.
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Anthes, Nils, and Nico K. Michiels. "Precopulatory stabbing, hypodermic injections and unilateral copulations in a hermaphroditic sea slug." Biology Letters 3, no. 2 (2007): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2006.0596.

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13

Chubb, D., W. M. Rozen, and W. R. Pan. "A Novel Tool for Intralymphatic Injection: The Modified Glass Hypodermic Needle." Lymphatic Research and Biology 7, no. 3 (2009): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/lrb.2008.1017.

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14

Sepah, Yasir, Lubna Samad, Arshad Altaf, Nithya Rajagopalan, and Aamir Javed Khan. "Aspiration in injections: should we continue or abandon the practice?" F1000Research 3 (July 10, 2014): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.1113.1.

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Aspiration during any kind of injection is meant to ensure that the needle tip is at the desired location during this blind procedure. While aspiration appears to be a simple procedure, it has generated a lot of controversy concerning the perceived benefits and indications. Advocates and opponents of aspiration both make logically sound claims. However, due to scarcity of available data, there is no evidence that this procedure is truly beneficial or unwarranted. Keeping in view the huge number of injections given worldwide, it is important that we draw attention to key questions regarding asp
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Sepah, Yasir, Lubna Samad, Arshad Altaf, Muhammad Sohail Halim, Nithya Rajagopalan, and Aamir Javed Khan. "Aspiration in injections: should we continue or abandon the practice?" F1000Research 3 (February 1, 2017): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.1113.2.

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Aspiration during any kind of injection is meant to ensure that the needle tip is at the desired location during this blind procedure. While aspiration appears to be a simple procedure, it has generated a lot of controversy concerning the perceived benefits and indications. Advocates and opponents of aspiration both make logically sound claims. However, due to scarcity of available data, there is no evidence that this procedure is truly beneficial or unwarranted. Keeping in view the huge number of injections given worldwide, it is important that we draw attention to key questions regarding asp
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16

Sepah, Yasir, Lubna Samad, Arshad Altaf, Muhammad Sohail Halim, Nithya Rajagopalan, and Aamir Javed Khan. "Aspiration in injections: should we continue or abandon the practice?" F1000Research 3 (March 1, 2017): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.1113.3.

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Aspiration during any kind of injection is meant to ensure that the needle tip is at the desired location during this blind procedure. While aspiration appears to be a simple procedure, it has generated a lot of controversy concerning the perceived benefits and indications. Advocates and opponents of aspiration both make logically sound claims. However, due to scarcity of available data, there is no evidence that this procedure is truly beneficial or unwarranted. Keeping in view the huge number of injections given worldwide, it is important that we draw attention to key questions regarding asp
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17

Li, J., L. Yu, R. Xia, F. Gao, W. Luo, and Y. Jing. "Postauricular hypodermic injection to treat inner ear disorders: experimental feasibility study using magnetic resonance imaging and pharmacokinetic comparison." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 127, no. 3 (2013): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215113000017.

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AbstractBackground:To investigate the feasibility of postauricular hypodermic injection for treating inner ear disorders, we compared perilymph pharmacokinetics for postauricular versus intravenous injection, using magnetic resonance imaging, in an animal model.Methods:Twelve albino guinea pigs were divided randomly into two groups and administered gadopentetate dimeglumine via either a postauricular or an intravenous bolus injection. A 7.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging system was used to assess the signal intensities of gadolinium-enhanced images of the cochlea, as a biomarker for changes
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Prashant, SDhanke, PUgane Subodh, RDhumal Prakash, and TQazi Hamza. "Emergency intraoperative construction of a suture needle from a hypodermic/injection needle." Nigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences 28, no. 2 (2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/njss.njss_27_14.

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Rył, Anna, and Piotr Owczarz. "Injectability of Thermosensitive, Low-Concentrated Chitosan Colloids as Flow Phenomenon through the Capillary under High Shear Rate Conditions." Polymers 12, no. 10 (2020): 2260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12102260.

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Low-concentrated colloidal chitosan systems undergoing a thermally induced sol–gel phase transition are willingly studied due to their potential use as minimally invasive injectable scaffolds. Nevertheless, instrumental injectability tests to determine their clinical utility are rarely performed. The aim of this work was to analyze the flow phenomenon of thermosensitive chitosan systems with the addition of disodium β-glycerophosphate through hypodermic needles. Injectability tests were performed using a texture analyzer and hypodermic needles in the sizes 14G–25G. The rheological properties w
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Sandrakov, Gennadiy. "Approximations for the optimization problem for medical microneedle systems." Physico-mathematical modelling and informational technologies, no. 32 (July 1, 2021): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fmmit2021.32.029.

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Microneedle systems are used for transdermal (hypodermic) medicine injections at the treatment of different diseases. The efficiency of using such systems depends significantly on the size and parameters of microneedles. The problem of determining such dependencies and optimal parameters is considered as the problem of optimizing the interaction of microneedle systems with an elastic surface. Minimization problems for integral functional, whose solutions are approximations for solutions to the interaction problem, are obtained by the homogenization theory methods. Such problems are formulated
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Schorn, Lara, Christoph Sproll, Rita Depprich, et al. "Navigated Recovery of Fractured Dental Injection Needles: Case Report and Suggestions for Management during Pandemic Crises." Case Reports in Dentistry 2021 (January 16, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8820381.

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Dislocation of a fractured hypodermic needle is a complication requiring immediate and adequate emergency treatment. In this case report, 3D navigation is evaluated for its use to recover a quickly moving fractured needle. The needle was recovered safely, but it could be demonstrated that navigational planning has to be conducted right before surgery and other navigational tools, such as ultrasound, should be considered as well. Furthermore, an approach is suggested for treatment during pandemic crises such as COVID-19.
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Sachuk, R. N. "ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ «МАЗІ ДЛЯ РАН» У КОМПЛЕКСНІЙ ТЕРАПІЇ ПРИ ЛІКУВАННІ РВАНИХ РАН ДІЙОК ВИМЕНІ КОРІВ". Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 18, № 3(71) (2016): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet7121.

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In the study of cows’ mammary glands pathologies it was determined that the udder wounds constitute 1.2% in the overall structure of diseases. The peak of traumatism on cows’ breast wounds falls on summer (pasture–range period) – 77.3%, resulting from offences of sanitary requirements for cattle pasture and grazing. While testing new treatment regimens it was set the high efficiency of «Ointments for wounds» based on essential oils of Siberian Cedar, Eucalyptus, Clove, Cedar, Tea Tree and chlorophyllipt oil solution for treatment of avulsive wounds of cows’ udder teats. It has been proven the
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Li, Yan, Feng Hao, Xiao Ou Li, et al. "Anti-Fibrotic Roles of Oviductus Ranae in Rats with Hepatic Fibrosis." Advanced Materials Research 554-556 (July 2012): 1794–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.554-556.1794.

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In this paper, we focus on the role of Oviductus ranae in protecting the liver against fibrogenesis caused by chemical model in rats and to further explore the underlying mechanisms. Rat models of experimental hepatic fibrosis were established by injection with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Optical injection, the denaturation and necrosis level of hepatocytes and the distribution of collagen fibrosis increased obviously after hypodermic injection of CCl4 for 9 weeks. Electron microscope, the shape and structure of cell organells were destroyed obviously. Fat storing cells and kuppfer.s cells in
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Lehmann, Ashton E., George A. Scangas, Aria Jafari, and Ralph Metson. "Endoscopic Transoral Image-Guided Retrieval of Infratemporal Fossa Foreign Bodies." OTO Open 4, no. 3 (2020): 2473974X2094702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473974x20947026.

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Removal of foreign bodies from the infratemporal fossa is surgically challenging and fraught with risks. This report describes our experience with a minimally invasive transoral technique, utilizing endoscopic and image guidance technology, for retrieval of infratemporal fossa foreign bodies in 6 patients. The technique was successfully applied in all cases with identification and retrieval of the foreign bodies, which included 4 hypodermic needles broken off during dental injections, a cottonoid surgical sponge lost during a facial fracture repair, and a maxillary molar displaced during attem
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Sarmadi, Morteza, Adam M. Behrens, Kevin J. McHugh, et al. "Modeling, design, and machine learning-based framework for optimal injectability of microparticle-based drug formulations." Science Advances 6, no. 28 (2020): eabb6594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb6594.

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Inefficient injection of microparticles through conventional hypodermic needles can impose serious challenges on clinical translation of biopharmaceutical drugs and microparticle-based drug formulations. This study aims to determine the important factors affecting microparticle injectability and establish a predictive framework using computational fluid dynamics, design of experiments, and machine learning. A numerical multiphysics model was developed to examine microparticle flow and needle blockage in a syringe-needle system. Using experimental data, a simple empirical mathematical model was
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Kim, Abbasi, Kim, Park, and Cho. "Lock-in Amplifier-Based Impedance Detection of Tissue Type Using a Monopolar Injection Needle." Sensors 19, no. 21 (2019): 4614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19214614.

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For successful intra-articular injection therapy, it is essential to accurately position the tip of the injection needle into the target joint area while administering the drug into the affected tissue. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of a monopolar injection needle and lock-in amplifier (LIA)-based impedance measurement system for detecting the tissue type where the needle tip is located. After positioning the monopolar injection needle tip into the dermis, hypodermis, or muscle layer of pork tissue, the electrical impedance was measured in the frequency range of 10 Hz to 10 kH
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Aitzaz, Abbasi, Junsub Kim, Taehee Kim, Ki Park, and Sungbo Cho. "Electrical Characterization of Pork Tissue Measured by a Monopolar Injection Needle and Discrete Fourier Transform based Impedance Measurement." Applied Sciences 9, no. 19 (2019): 4049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9194049.

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Ultrasonography or fluoroscopy-guided needle injection has been used for intra-articular injection therapy against adhesive capsulitis and joint diseases. To improve the image-guided intra-articular injection therapy, electrical impedance measurement based positioning of the needle tip in the target tissue can be applied. The feasibility of the discrimination for the tissue layer at which the disposable monopolar injection needle tip position was investigated using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-based impedance measurement system and the ultrasound imaging device. The electrical impedanc
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Duffy, L. "Incorporations hypodermiques et épistémologiques chez Zola." Revue Romane / Langue et littérature. International Journal of Romance Languages and Literatures 44, no. 2 (2009): 293–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rro.44.2.05duf.

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This article, starting from an identification of key differences between realism and naturalism, develops an argument premised on the implicit metaphorical relationship between body and text expressed in Le Docteur Pascal, the last novel in Émile Zola’s Rougon-Macquart series. It examines aspects of the metaphorical problematics surrounding the incorporation of documentary material into nineteenth-century French fiction, arguing that the documentary novel’s representation of the human body, and of medical practices concerned with the body’s ingestion of substances — specifically, Le Docteur Pa
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Vecchione, Raffaele, Sara Coppola, Eliana Esposito, et al. "Electro-Drawn Drug-Loaded Biodegradable Polymer Microneedles as a Viable Route to Hypodermic Injection." Advanced Functional Materials 24, no. 23 (2014): 3515–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201303679.

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Zheng, Fengrong, Xiuqin Sun, Xing'an Wu, et al. "Immune Efficacy of a Genetically Engineered Vaccine against Lymphocystis Disease Virus: Analysis of Different Immunization Strategies." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/729216.

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Here, we report the construction of a vaccine against lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) using nucleic acid vaccination technology. A fragment of the major capsid protein encoding gene from an LCDV isolated from China (LCDV-cn) was cloned into an eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N2, yielding a recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N2-LCDV-cn0.6 kb. This plasmid was immediately expressed after liposomal transfer into the Japanese flounder embryo cell line. The recombinant plasmid was inoculated into Japanese flounder via two routes (intramuscular injection and hypodermic injection) at three doses (0.1, 5,
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Alexeeva, E. I., T. V. Sleptsova, S. I. Valieva, et al. "RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF HYPODERMIC METHOTREXATE INJECTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS." Current pediatrics 12, no. 4 (2013): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v12i4.729.

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Nathan, John, Lynda Asadourian, and Mark A. Erlich. "A Brief History of Local Anesthesia." International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery 7, no. 1 (2016): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1261.

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ABSTRACT Mankind has, throughout its existence, been engaged in the quest to control the pain associated with disease and trauma. Evidence from over 4500 years ago demonstrates the Egyptians use of methods to compress peripheral nerves. Homer's Iliad relates the use of herbal remedies for pain control. Other early writings describe the use of electricity generated by the Torpedo ray for pain control as well as cold water and ice for pain reduction. These techniques, in their various incarnations, comprised the main armamentarium of local pain control until the early 1800's when the early frame
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Glagoleva, E. N., D. R. Faizillina, G. A. Plisko, et al. "Evaluation of the effect of the combined effects of local anti-inflammatory therapy (Ivermectin) and a pulsed dye laser (595 nm) on LL-37 induced rosacea-like inflammation on mice." Regional blood circulation and microcirculation 18, no. 3 (2019): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/1682-6655-2019-18-3-68-77.

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Introduction. Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis characterized by the presence of pathogenesis of inflammation and vascular changes caused by exposure to antimicrobial peptides (LL-37) and toll-like receptors (TLR2). It has been established that the pathogenetic link is a target for a new therapy of rosacea.Objective – to evaluate the potential combined effect of local Ivermectin 1 % cream and a pulsed dye laser (PDL) with a wavelength of 595 nm on a model of rosacea-like inflammation on mice after 4-fold introduction of recombinant antimicrobial peptide LL-37.Material and methods. Adul
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CAUCANAS, Marie, Francoise HEUREUX, Gebhard MÜLLER, and Olivier VANHOOTEGHEM. "Atypical hypodermic necrosis secondary to insulin injection: A case report and review of the literature." Journal of Diabetes 3, no. 1 (2011): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-0407.2010.00103.x.

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Jayaram, Sharan Chakkyath, and Declan Costello. "Technical tip for difficult injection laryngoplasty: The use of a hypodermic needle as a retractor." Laryngoscope 125, no. 9 (2015): 2157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25016.

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Seago, Jr., James L., Carol A. Peterson, Daryl E. Enstone, and Chris A. Scholey. "Development of the endodermis and hypodermis of Typha glauca Godr. and Typha angustifolia L. roots." Canadian Journal of Botany 77, no. 1 (1999): 122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-173.

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The development of the endodermis and hypodermis in adventitious roots of Typha angustifolia L. and Typha glauca Godr. was followed from the apical meristem to full maturity. The endodermis was typical, developing a thin Casparian band near the root tip, followed by suberin lamellae and asymmetric, secondary, lignified walls (C-type at maturity). Passage cells were present at an intermediate stage but eventually disappeared when all cells developed lamellae and secondary walls. The hypodermis was multiple (four to six layers at maturity) and began differentiating near the root tip. Here, the r
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Wataradee, S., T. Boonserm, C. Srangaprakon, K. Ajariyakhajorn, and C. Inchaisri. "Use of an automatic needle-free injection device for foot-and-mouth disease vaccination in dairy heifers." Veterinární Medicína 66, No. 3 (2021): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4/2020-vetmed.

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The foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination of Thai dairy cows is routinely conducted to control and prevent the disease. In Thailand, FMD control strategies include a subcutaneous route (s.c.) vaccination with 2 ml of inactivated FMD vaccine 2–3 times a year produced by the Department of Livestock Development (DLD). A new way of vaccination was introduced in the form of an automatic needle-free injection device. This technology has several important advantages, such as requiring less animal restraint, reduced time and labour with high precision, and a consistent delivery system. Here, the ef
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Lu, Cheng-wei, Ji-long Hao, Xiu-fen Liu, Ling-ling Liang, and Dan-dan Zhou. "Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis caused by accidental iatrogenic ocular injury with a hypodermic needle." Journal of International Medical Research 45, no. 2 (2017): 882–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060517694570.

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Iatrogenic traumatic endophthalmitis is a rare but serious ocular infection that can lead to severe vision loss. A 44-year-old man presented with pain and decreased vision in the right eye 4 hours after injury with a hypodermic needle during irrigation of his eye. Slit-lamp examination revealed a penetrating corneal puncture and iris hole in the right eye. Twenty hours later, his visual acuity had decreased to hand motion, and severe fibrinoid uveitis was noted. He immediately underwent irrigation of the anterior chamber and intravitreal antibiotic injection. The right eye became painful again
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O’Shea, Jesse, Mark R. Prausnitz, and Nadine Rouphael. "Dissolvable Microneedle Patches to Enable Increased Access to Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and Future Pandemic Outbreaks." Vaccines 9, no. 4 (2021): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9040320.

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Vaccines are an essential component of pandemic preparedness but can be limited due to challenges in production and logistical implementation. While vaccine candidates were rapidly developed against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2), immunization campaigns remain an obstacle to achieving herd immunity. Dissolvable microneedle patches are advantageous for many possible reasons: improved immunogenicity; dose-sparing effects; expected low manufacturing cost; elimination of sharps; reduction of vaccine wastage; no need for reconstitution; simplified supply chain, with re
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Ann Praestmark Juul, Kezia, Henrik Bengtsson, Bente Eyving, et al. "Influence of hypodermic needle dimensions on subcutaneous injection delivery - a pig study of injection deposition evaluated by CT scanning, histology, and backflow." Skin Research and Technology 18, no. 4 (2012): 447–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0846.2011.00592.x.

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Zhao, Yan-Jun, Xue-Liang Li, Lin Lin, Shouji Aou, and Yutaka Oomura. "Effects of acidic fibroblast growth factor fragments on nocturnal feeding in rats by intracerebroventricular and hypodermic injection." World Chinese Journal of Digestology 17, no. 3 (2009): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.11569/wcjd.v17.i3.259.

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Schmitt, Valerie, Nils Anthes, and Nico K. Michiels. "Mating behaviour in the sea slug Elysia timida (Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa): hypodermic injection, sperm transfer and balanced reciprocity." Frontiers in Zoology 4, no. 1 (2007): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-9994-4-17.

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Norman, James J., Jyoti Gupta, Samirkumar R. Patel, et al. "Reliability and accuracy of intradermal injection by Mantoux technique, hypodermic needle adapter, and hollow microneedle in pigs." Drug Delivery and Translational Research 4, no. 2 (2013): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13346-013-0184-5.

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44

Gbureck, Uwe, Jake E. Barralet, Kerstin Spatz, Liam M. Grover, and Roger Thull. "Ionic modification of calcium phosphate cement viscosity. Part I: hypodermic injection and strength improvement of apatite cement." Biomaterials 25, no. 11 (2004): 2187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.08.066.

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Barralet, J. E., L. M. Grover, and U. Gbureck. "Ionic modification of calcium phosphate cement viscosity. Part II: hypodermic injection and strength improvement of brushite cement." Biomaterials 25, no. 11 (2004): 2197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.09.085.

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He, Ling, Xiaoyan Miao, Guangyan Lv, Peiman Yang, Wenguo Wu, and Li Jia. "Nutritional rehabilitation of mitochondrial aberrations in aplastic anaemia." British Journal of Nutrition 105, no. 8 (2010): 1180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114510004757.

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Aplastic anaemia (AA) is a disease characterised by bone marrow hypocellularity and peripheral blood pancytopenia. AA is also associated with mitochondrial aberrations. The present study was undertaken primarily to test the hypothesis that a nutrient mixture could affect the nutritional rehabilitation of mitochondrial aberrations in AA mice. BALB/c AA mice were induced by a combination of hypodermic injections of acetylphenylhydrazine (100 mg/kg), X-rays (2·0 Gy) and intraperitoneal injections of cyclophosphamide (80 mg/kg). We treated these mice with nutrient mixture-supplemented diets in a d
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Symons, D. D. "Inertial liquid loading on the nozzle of a needle-free injection device." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 218, no. 2 (2004): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440604322886973.

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Needle-free injection devices allow delivery of liquid drugs without a hypodermic needle. Advantages include ease of use, patient preference, dose accuracy and elimination of the risk of ‘needle-stick’ injuries. All liquid needle-free devices use the same principle: the liquid drug is pressurized and delivered at high velocity through a small orifice in close proximity to the skin. The liquid jet penetrates the skin and the drug is delivered into the skin tissues. The high pressures within the drug capsule, together with pharmaceutical requirements that restrict material choice, provide a chal
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Liu, Haofan, Xiaosong Shan, Jiaojiao Yu, Xin Li, and Liandong Hu. "Recent Advances in Inhaled Formulations and Pulmonary Insulin Delivery Systems." Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 21, no. 3 (2020): 180–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201020666191011152248.

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Insulin (INS) therapy played a great role in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes to regulate blood glucose levels. Although hypodermic injection was commonly used for insulin delivery, it had some disadvantages such as pain, needle phobia and the risk of infection. Therefore, pulmonary insulin delivery had been developed as an alternative method to overcome the therapeutic challenges in recent years since pulmonary insulin administration showed great improvements in rapid action and circumvention of first-pass hepatic metabolism. This review described the most recent developments in pulmo
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Mathews, Leya Meriam. "Management of pain using transdermal patches." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 9, no. 6 (2016): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9i6.13775.

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Transdermal delivery is a non-invasive route of drug administration through the skin surface that can deliver the drug at a predetermined rate across the dermis to achieve a local or systemic effect. It is potentially used as an alternative to oral route of drugs and hypodermic injections. Analgesics are mostly used for various diseases as most of them are associated with severe or mild pain .The use of analgesics as a pain relief patch is now being used commonly. A transdermal analgesic or pain relief patch is a medicated adhesive patch used to relieve minor to severe pain. Currently, the pat
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Jiruedee, S., W. Luangweera, B. Sookyu, et al. "Investigation of Optimal Silk Film Thickness in Silk Microneedle Fabrication." Applied Mechanics and Materials 752-753 (April 2015): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.752-753.177.

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Injection is one of the most commonly used methods for delivering drugs or vaccines into human bodies. It is rapid, low-cost and compatible with almost any drugs. However, the major drawbacks of the injection by hypodermic needles are the pain associated with the injection and the disposal of used needles. Microneedles have then received wide attention since they can overcome such drawbacks, especially dissolving microneedles. Recently, silk fibroin has been used to fabricate dissolving silk microneedles for transdermal drug delivery at low temperature. In the fabrication process, the quality
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