Thematische Bibliographien / INDIUM EVAPORATION

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „INDIUM EVAPORATION“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 11. September 2023

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "INDIUM EVAPORATION"

Yao, J. L., S. Hao und J. S. Wilkinson. „Indium tin oxide films by sequential evaporation“. Thin Solid Films 189, Nr. 2 (August 1990): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6090(90)90451-i.

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Kozhemyakin, G. N., S. A. Kiiko und O. E. Bryl. „Formation of Indium Nanoparticles by Thermal Evaporation“. Crystallography Reports 64, Nr. 3 (Mai 2019): 457–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063774519030167.

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RAO, K. NARASIMHA, und SANJAY KASHYAP. „PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF INDIUM OXIDE AND INDIUM TIN OXIDE FILMS BY ACTIVATED REACTIVE EVAPORATION“. Surface Review and Letters 13, Nr. 02n03 (April 2006): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x06008128.

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Transparent and conducting oxide films find many applications because of their excellent properties such as high optical transparency, low surface resistance, high infrared reflectance, etc. Realization of these properties depend upon the choice of the deposition technique and the control of deposition parameters. In this paper, we report the preparation of highly transparent and conducting films of indium oxide ( In 2 O 3) and indium tin oxide (ITO) by activated reactive evaporation on glass substrates. These films were deposited by evaporating pure indium and 90% In + 10% Sn alloy using an electron gun in the presence of oxygen ions at ambient temperature. Films of different thickness have been prepared and their optical, electrical and structural properties are studied. In 2 O 3 films showed higher transparency (90%) compared to ITO films (85%) but the electrical resistivity was observed to be little higher (2.5 × 10-3 Ω cm) compared to ITO films (6 × 10-4 Ωcm). Hall measurements on aged ITO films gave the charge density of 3 × 1020 per cm3 and mobility 35.6 cm2/V-s. The refractive index and extinction coefficient were found to be around 2.0 and 0.005 for ITO films and 2.10 and 0.001 for In 2 O 3 films at 550 nm respectively. ITO and In 2 O 3 films were amorphous in nature for lesser thickness, but for thicker films, the partial crystallinity was observed.

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Zhang, Lulu, Jun Xing, Xinglin Wen, Jianwei Chai, Shijie Wang und Qihua Xiong. „Plasmonic heating from indium nanoparticles on a floating microporous membrane for enhanced solar seawater desalination“. Nanoscale 9, Nr. 35 (2017): 12843–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr05149b.

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A portable paper-like plasmonic device consisting of a microporous membrane and indium nanoparticles (In NP/MPM) is fabricated through a simple thermal evaporation method, which can effectively enhance solar water evaporation by floating on the water surface.

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Gao, Hong, Hong Ji, Xitian Zhang, Huiqing Lu und Yao Liang. „Indium-doped ZnO nanospirals synthesized by thermal evaporation“. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures 26, Nr. 2 (2008): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.2889418.

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Gaur, Shailendra Kumar, und R. S. Mishra. „Thermal Evaporation- Modeling and Microstructure Studies of Indium and Tin Deposition“. International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 3, Nr. 1 (2015): 301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.311548.

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The present work represents the modeling of nano scale tin indium films by computing the film thickness, mass deposited on the substrate and mass transfer rate with time dependent model using BDF solver. Tin and indium is evaporated from a resistively heated evaporator source at a temperature of 1855 K and 1485 K respectively in a pressure (vacuum) of 100 Pa onto silicon surface held on a fixed surface. The film thickness varies between 144 nm to 164 nm for Tin and 164 nm to 183 nm for Indium across the sample after 60 sec of deposition, with radial symmetry about the midpoint of the source. The film thickness as well as mass deposited at a point increases linearly with time. Since the angular distribution is of particular interest in this model, by increasing the integration resolution to a maximum value for ensuring the most accurate angular resolution when computing the flux. The surface temperature is required to specifying the temperature of the evaporating tin and indium source using constant elements for turn off the refinement in the post-processing settings. The SEM micrographs of tin and indium at different magnifications shows the 100nm to 1microns grain size along the grain boundaries. Similarly, XRD analysis with Kα (wavelength 1.541874) shows the peaks of intensity at different 2θ angles for different orientations of planes with polycrystalline structure.

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Yudasaka, M., T. Matsuoka und K. Nakanishi. „Indium selenide film formation by the double-source evaporation of indium and selenium“. Thin Solid Films 146, Nr. 1 (Januar 1987): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6090(87)90340-3.

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Audas, R. D., und D. E. Brodie. „a-Si:N:H prepared by reactive evaporation in ammonia vapour“. Canadian Journal of Physics 65, Nr. 8 (01.08.1987): 1020–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p87-165.

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The reactive evaporation of Si in an ammonia ambient has been used to produce a-Si:N:H thin films. These films are "intrinsic-like" with low room-temperature conductivities (<10−12 S∙cm−1), high activation energies (0.9 eV), and high optical bandgaps (1.9 eV). Films prepared in this manner have been doped using co-evaporation of antimony (n type) and indium (p type). The addition of 2 at.% indium or antimony results in an increase in the room-temperature conductivity by eight and six orders of magnitude respectively. The undoped and doped samples are photoconductive when illuminated with a quartz-halogen source.

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Pruna, Raquel, Manel López und Francesc Teixidor. „Tuning the deposition parameters for optimizing the faradaic and non-faradaic electrochemical performance of nanowire array-shaped ITO electrodes prepared by electron beam evaporation“. Nanoscale 11, Nr. 1 (2019): 276–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr07908k.

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Kalkan, N. „Influence of Metallic Indium Concentration on the Properties of Indium Oxide Thin Films“. High Temperature Materials and Processes 35, Nr. 9 (01.10.2016): 949–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2015-0055.

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AbstractCurrent–voltage characteristics of indium-embedded indium oxide thin films (600–850 Å), with Ag electrodes approximately 1000 Å thick, prepared by reactive evaporation of pure metallic indium in partial air pressure have been studied for substrate temperatures between 50 and 125°C. The optical properties of these films have also been investigated as a function of metallic indium concentration and substrate temperature. I–V characteristics of all the samples are non-ohmic, independent of metallic indium concentration. The conductivity of the films increases but the optical transmission decreases with increasing metallic indium concentration. Metallic indium concentration was found to be an important parameter affecting the film properties. Furthermore, two possible conduction mechanisms are proposed.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "INDIUM EVAPORATION"

Sjödin, Saron Anteneh. „Indium Bump Fabrication using Electroplating for Flip Chip Bonding“. Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för elektronikkonstruktion, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-27939.

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Hybrid pixel detectors are widely used in many fields, including military, environment, industry and medical treatment. When integrating such a detector, a vertical connection technique called flip-chip bonding is almost the only way to realize the high-density interconnection between each pixel detector to the read-out chip. Such bonding can offer high-density I/O and a short interconnect distance, which can make the resulting device show excellent performance. Electro deposition is a promising approach to enable a low cost and high yield bump bonding process, compared with conventional sputtering or evaporation which is currently utilized for small-scale production. Due to that, Indium bumping process using electroplating is selected, as a result of which indium bump arrays with a pitch of 220 μm and a diameter of 30 μm have been fabricated using a standard silicon wafer processing. UBM (under bump metallization) for indium bumping was Ti/Ni (300 Å/ 2000 Å). It helps to increase adhesion between the wafer and the bumps and also serves as an excellent diffusion barrier both at room temperature and at 200°C. The indium is electroplated, using an indium sulfamate plating bath, and then formed into bumps through a reflow process. The reflow is made on a 200°C hot plate with a continuous flow of nitrogen over the wafer. During the reflow the indium is melted and forms into bumps due to surface tension. All the corresponding procedural processing steps and results are incorporated in this paper.

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Mohan, A., J. Suthagar und T. Mahalingam. „Investigation on the Structural and Optical Properties of Thermally Evaporated Indium Selenide Compound Material for Solar Cell Application“. Thesis, Sumy State University, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35133.

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In2Se3 thin films with different thicknesses have been deposited by thermal evaporation method on glass substrate under vacuum pressure of 10-6 Torr. Structural Properties of these films were studied by different analytical techniques. X- ray diffraction revealed as deposited films have amorphous nature and annealing effect enhanced crystalline structure. Structural studies by XRD results showed the polycrystalline nature of the films. The Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) values were observed from the XRD pattern and used to evaluate the microstructural parameters like crystallite size, strain, dislocation density. The optical absorption spectra of In2Se3 films were studied in the wavelength region of 250–2500 nm. The optical properties show that the band gap (Eg) values vary from 2.5 to 3.34 eV as an-nealing temperature varies from 150 to 350C. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35133

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Pradhan, Puja. „Real Time Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (RTSE) Analysis of Three Stage CIGS Deposition by co-Evaporation“. University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1493344332238366.

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Le, Priol Arnaud. „Métallurgie d'alliages d'interconnexion pour composants optoélectroniques“. Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2286.

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Les détecteurs infrarouges InSb sont composés d'un circuit intégré Si et d'une matrice InSb qui sont connectés électriquement et mécaniquement par des billes de soudure en indium, préalablement déposées sur une métallisation. La jonction établie entre ces deux substrats est sollicitée thermomécaniquement à chaque utilisation à la température de l'azote liquide. Cette sollicitation thermomécanique est propice à la fatigue limitant la durée de vie du détecteur. Ce travail de thèse a pour objet l'amélioration des métallurgies de la métallisation et de la soudure au vu de la tenue en cyclage thermique de composants assemblés. L'effet des conditions de dépôt sur la microstructure, les propriétés électrique et de diffusion de la barrière de diffusion est évalué pour les métaux réfractaires suivants : alliage tungstène-titane (WTi) et tantale (Ta). L'élaboration par voie physique conduit à l'apparition inopinée d'une phase métastable néfaste, qui peut cependant être contrôlée par l'intermédiaire d'une sous couche. Un alliage indium-argent (eutectique) est déposé par évaporation qui permet de diminuer la température de fusion, et par conséquent les contraintes résiduelles du composant. L'effet de l'élément d'alliage Ag est évalué au vu de la résistance de contact et de la tenue mécanique de l'assemblage. Les résultats ont montré que la métallurgie est affectée par la méthode de fabrication, qui conditionne la tenue thermomécanique du composant optoélectronique
InSb based infra-red (IR) detectors are constituted by a Si integrated circuit and an InSb matrix which are electrically and mechanically connected thanks to solder balls in pure indium deposited on underbump metallic layers (UBM). IR detectors are cooled down to liquid nitrogen for each use. This thermomechanical solicitation affects the device reliability. The thesis purpose is to improve the UBM and solder metallurgies taking into account thermal cycling behavior of industrial components. The effect of deposition conditions on the diffusion barrier microstructure, electrical properties and diffusion efficiency is estimated for several refractory metals : tungsten-titanium alloy (WTi) and tantalum (Ta). The physical vapor deposition yield unexpected and harmful metastable phase formation, which can be controlled using a sub-layer. An indium-silver eutectic alloy is deposited by evaporation which allows to reduce the melting temperature and hence residual stresses within the component. The effect of Ag alloying is estimated by both the contact resistance and mechanical shear resistance. Results emphasize that the metallurgy is affected by the deposition technique, which impinges on IR detectors thermomechanical behavior

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Gutta, Venkatesh. „INVESTIGATIONS OF CuInTe2 / CdS & CdTe / CdS HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR CELLS“. UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/654.

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Thin film solar cells of Copper Indium Telluride and Cadmium Sulfide junctions were fabricated on plain ITO glass slides and also on those coated with intrinsic Tin Oxide. CdS was deposited through chemical bath deposition and CIT by electrodeposition. Both compounds were subjected to annealing at temperatures between 350°C and 500°C which produced more uniform film thicknesses and larger grain sizes. The CIT/ CdS junction was characterized after performing XRD and spectral absorption of individual compounds. Studies were also made on CdS / CdTe solar cells with respect to effect of annealing temperatures on open circuit voltages. NP acid etch, the most important process to make the surface of CdTe tellurium rich, was also studied in terms of open circuit voltages. Thermally evaporated CdS of four different thicknesses was deposited on Tin Oxide coated ITO and inferences were drawn as to what thickness of CdS yields better results.

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Lee, Sang-Goog. „Réalisation et caractérisation d'un capteur magnétique en couche mince“. Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES050.

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Ce travail concerne l'étude d'un élément Hall de performances intéressantes, et réalisé en technologie couche mince. L'analyse bibliographique nous a conduit à privilégier l'antimoniure d'indium. L'ouvrage, après examen critique des techniques de fabrication de couches minces composées, présente la nouvelle méthode que nous avons développée ainsi que les procédés mis en oeuvre pour optimiser les caractéristiques structurelles des couches. Les résultats expérimentaux concernant l'analyse structurelle, les procédures de recuit et le comportement électrique en présence de champ magnétique des couches de InSb sont présentés. Les perspectives d'avenir sont évoquées en conclusion

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Khatri, Himal. „New Deposition Process of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ Thin Films for Solar Cell Applications“. Connect to full text in OhioLINK ETD Center, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1259612259.

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Twigg, Katherine L. „A smart climatology of evaporation duct height and surface radar propagation in the Indian Ocean“. Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Sep%5FTwigg.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2007.
Thesis Advisor(s): Murphree, James T. ; Frederickson, Paul A. "September 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on October 25, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-134). Also available in print.

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Mukati, Kapil. „An alternative structure for next generation regulatory controllers and scale-up of copper(indium gallium)selenide thin film co-evaporative physical vapor deposition process“. Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 311 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1397912441&sid=12&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2007.
Principal faculty advisor: Babatunde Ogunnaike, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, and Robert W. Birkmire, Dept. of Materials Science & Engineering. Includes bibliographical references.

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Mougins, François-Henry de. „Le refroidissement induit par évaporation dans les gels aqueux de faibles épaisseurs en vue de l'application au traitement des brûlures“. Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077079.

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Bücher zum Thema "INDIUM EVAPORATION"

Wang, Bin. Intraseasonal Modulation of the Indian Summer Monsoon. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.616.

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The strongest Indian summer monsoon (ISM) on the planet features prolonged clustered spells of wet and dry conditions often lasting for two to three weeks, known as active and break monsoons. The active and break monsoons are attributed to a quasi-periodic intraseasonal oscillation (ISO), which is an extremely important form of the ISM variability bridging weather and climate variation. The ISO over India is part of the ISO in global tropics. The latter is one of the most important meteorological phenomena discovered during the 20th century (Madden & Julian, 1971, 1972). The extreme dry and wet events are regulated by the boreal summer ISO (BSISO). The BSISO over Indian monsoon region consists of northward propagating 30–60 day and westward propagating 10–20 day modes. The “clustering” of synoptic activity was separately modulated by both the 30–60 day and 10–20 day BSISO modes in approximately equal amounts. The clustering is particularly strong when the enhancement effect from both modes acts in concert. The northward propagation of BSISO is primarily originated from the easterly vertical shear (increasing easterly winds with height) of the monsoon flows, which by interacting with the BSISO convective system can generate boundary layer convergence to the north of the convective system that promotes its northward movement. The BSISO-ocean interaction through wind-evaporation feedback and cloud-radiation feedback can also contribute to the northward propagation of BSISO from the equator. The 10–20 day oscillation is primarily produced by convectively coupled Rossby waves modified by the monsoon mean flows. Using coupled general circulation models (GCMs) for ISO prediction is an important advance in subseasonal forecasts. The major modes of ISO over Indian monsoon region are potentially predictable up to 40–45 days as estimated by multiple GCM ensemble hindcast experiments. The current dynamical models’ prediction skills for the large initial amplitude cases are approximately 20–25 days, but the prediction of developing BSISO disturbance is much more difficult than the prediction of the mature BSISO disturbances. This article provides a synthesis of our current knowledge on the observed spatial and temporal structure of the ISO over India and the important physical processes through which the BSISO regulates the ISM active-break cycles and severe weather events. Our present capability and shortcomings in simulating and predicting the monsoon ISO and outstanding issues are also discussed.

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Buchteile zum Thema "INDIUM EVAPORATION"

Tamaki, Jun, Chizuko Naruo, Yoshifumi Yamamoto und Masao Matsuoka. „Sensing Properties to Dilute Chlorine Gas of Indium Oxide Based Thin Film Sensors Prepared by EB Evaporation“. In Transducers ’01 Eurosensors XV, 1690–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59497-7_399.

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Huang, Hong-Hsin, Yen-Ming Chen und Ming-Chih Huang. „Growth Characteristics and Properties of Tin-Doped Indium Oxide Thin Films as a Function of Oxygen Pressure When Prepared by E-beam Evaporation“. In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 783–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04573-3_97.

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Hasan Hamood Al-Masoodi, Abtisam, Boon Tong Goh, Ahmed H.H. Al-Masoodi und Wan Haliza Binti Abd Majid. „Deposition of Silver Nanoparticles on Indium Tin Oxide Substrates by Plasma-Assisted Hot-Filament Evaporation“. In Thin Films [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94456.

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Nanoparticles of noble metals have unique properties including large surface energies, surface plasmon excitation, quantum confinement effect, and high electron accumulation. Among these nanoparticles, silver (Ag) nanoparticles have strong responses in visible light region due to its high plasmon excitation. These unique properties depend on the size, shape, interparticle separation and surrounded medium of Ag nanoparticles. Indium tin oxide (ITO) is widely used as an electrode for flat panel devices in such as electronic, optoelectronic and sensing applications. Nowadays, Ag nanoparticles were deposited on ITO to improve their optical and electrical properties. Plasma-assisted hot-filament evaporation (PAHFE) technique produced high-density of crystalline Ag nanoparticles with controlling in the size and distribution on ITO surface. In this chapter, we will discuss about the PAHFE technique for the deposition of Ag nanoparticles on ITO and influences of the experimental parameters on the physical and optical properties, and electronic structure of the deposited Ag nanoparticles on ITO.

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„Pan Evaporation Modeling: Indian Agriculture1“. In Evapotranspiration, 171–204. Apple Academic Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b15779-18.

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Das Gupta, Sujaya, M. S. Zambare und A. D. Shaligram. „IoT Setup for Co-measurement of Water Level and Temperature“. In Securing the Internet of Things, 679–99. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9866-4.ch034.

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Recent time has witnessed severe scarcity of water owing to deficient rainfall in India. The current climatic conditions in the country, project the rise in temperature and arid conditions contributing substantially towards the evaporation losses. In order to deal with the looming crisis, it is peremptory to minimize evaporation losses in the water bodies, at least measure them to get a fair idea and initiate corrective measures. This paper aims to develop a system for continuous monitoring of the water level as an indicator to the evaporation process. The system also indicates temperature of the water which influences the evaporation rate.

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Srinivasan, Veena. „Climate Adaptation in the Water Sector in India“. In India in a Warming World, 498–518. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199498734.003.0027.

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Climate change is likely to affect both the short-term variability of water resources through increased frequency and intensity of droughts and floods, and long-term changes in mean renewable water supply. Both models and historical data suggest that temperatures have increased in most parts of India, affecting the hydrologic cycle through decreased Himalayan snowpack, increased evaporation, and evapotranspirative demand by vegetation. In contrast, there are uncertainties about the climate–rainfall relationship. While most climate models predict intensification of the Indian monsoon, past rainfall trends suggest a weakening and a regional redistribution, perhaps due to local factors such as aerosols, land use change, and sea surface temperatures. Translating these uncertain projections to water availability is complicated by sparse hydrologic records and human modifications of catchments. Empirical research suggests that climate change is not the only stressor. As climate and socio-economic futures are interlinked, this requires participatory, adaptive management and mainstreaming of adaptation across agencies.

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Juo, Anthony S. R., und Kathrin Franzluebbers. „The Tropical Environment“. In Tropical Soils. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195115987.003.0004.

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The term “tropics” refers to the continuously warm and frost-free zone of the world that lies approximately between the Tropic of Cancer (or latitude 23.5° north of the equator) and the Tropic of Capricorn (or latitude 23.5° south of the equator). The tropical region comprises approximately 36% of the world’s land surface. Geographically, the tropics encompasses the entire region of Southeast Asia, Central America, the islands in the South Pacific and the Caribbean Basin, a major part of Africa, South America, a large portion of the Indian subcontinent, and a small part of northern Australia. Within a tropical region, natural vegetation and agriculture vary with elevation and rainfall regime. Within the tropical belt, mean annual temperature at sea level is about 26 °C, and it decreases approximately 0.6 °C with every 100 m increase in elevation. On the basis of elevation, the tropics may be further divided into • lowland tropics (areas below 600 m), • midaltitude tropics (areas between 600 and 900 m), and • high-altitude tropics or tropical highlands (areas above 900 m). Tropical highlands account for 23% of the tropics whereas the low- and midaltitude regions together comprise about 87% of the total area. Tropical highlands usually have cool air temperatures with a mean annual temperature of 20 °C or lower. Rainfall on tropical highlands can be extremely variable within a short distance. Because of the year-round comfortable temperature, areas of tropical highlands with favorable rainfall and fertile soils are usually densely populated and hence intensively cultivated. Climates in the lowland and midaltitude tropics generally share three common features, namely, a year-round warm temperature, rainfall of high intensity and short duration, and a high rate of evaporation. Climates are characterized principally by mean monthly air temperature, and the amount and distribution of rainfall.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "INDIUM EVAPORATION"

Fechete, Alexandru, Wojtek Wlodarski, Anthony Holland und Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh. „Growth of Indium Oxide Nanostructures by Thermal Evaporation“. In 2006 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iconn.2006.340570.

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Kumar, R. Rakesh, K. Narasimha Rao und K. Rajanna. „Indium assisted growth of silicon nanowires by electron beam evaporation“. In PROCEEDING OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT TRENDS IN APPLIED PHYSICS AND MATERIAL SCIENCE: RAM 2013. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4810122.

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El Aamri, Rafiq, Amane Oueriagli, Abdelmajid Abouelaoualim, Elmaati Ech-chamikh und Abdelkader Outzourhit. „Optical properties of indium sulphide thin films deposited by thermal evaporation“. In 2008 2nd ICTON Mediterranean Winter (ICTON-MW). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictonmw.2008.4773110.

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Deng, Zhi-Qi, Meng-Yu Tsai, Chia-Lin Chen, Wei-Tsai Chang, Sin-Liang Ou und Kuo-Sheng Kao. „Photoelectric Properties of Indium Molybdenum Oxide Thin Films Using Electron Beam Evaporation“. In 2019 IEEE Eurasia Conference on IOT, Communication and Engineering (ECICE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecice47484.2019.8942680.

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Füchsel, Kevin, Ulrike Schulz und Norbert Kaiser. „Low Temperature Deposition of Indium Tin Oxide Films by Plasma Ion-Assisted Evaporation“. In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.2007.thb3.

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Veeraswamy, Y., Y. Vijayakumr und M. V. Ramana Reddy. „Structural and optical characterization of indium oxide thin films by vacuum thermal evaporation“. In International Conference on Advanced Nanomaterials & Emerging Engineering Technologies (ICANMEET-2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icanmeet.2013.6609348.

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Adachi, Koshi, Hisakazu Sato und Koji Kato. „Formation Mechanisms of Tribo-Coating for Low Friction in UHV“. In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64274.

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Solid lubrication film formed by tribo-coating, which deposits a solid lubricant by evaporation to the contact interface during friction in vacuum, gives low friction coefficient below 0.03 that can not be observed by any other solid lubricants of soft metals. The tribo-coating film formed on the pin has nano-order composite structure which the crystalline indium of nano size are distributed in an amorphous matrix of silicon oxide and chromium oxide. Because of the nano composite structure, a very thin indium film is formed without break down like conventional pre-coated thin film. The thinner indium film can give smaller value of friction coefficient than that of conventional solid lubricant.

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Pradhan, Puja, Dinesh Attygalle, Puruswottam Aryal, N. J. Podraza, A. S. Ferlauto, S. Marsillac und R. W. Collins. „Real time spectroscopic ellipsometry of first stage CuIn1−xGaxSe2: Indium-gallium selenide co-evaporation“. In 2013 IEEE 39th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2013.6744180.

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Suzuki, Hidetoshi, Daiki Ito, Akihiro Haga, Atsuhiko Fukuyama und Tetsuo Ikari. „The effects of indium pre-evaporation on rotational twin formation in GaAs films on Si(111)“. In 2014 IEEE 40th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2014.6925279.

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„Properties of indium oxide thin films prepared by reactive electron beam evaporation technique for EMI control“. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility'99. IEEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemic.1999.871663.

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