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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Industrie 5.0"
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Panfil, Eva-Maria, Karoline Zima, Sabine Lins, Sascha Köpke, Gero Langer und Gabriele Meyer. „Interessenkonflikte mit der Industrie – eine Befragung von Pflegenden im Bereich der Wundversorgung in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz“. Pflege 27, Nr. 3 (01.06.2014): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1012-5302/a000360.
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Hintergrund: Pflegende werden zunehmend von der Industrie umworben. Ziel: Erfassung der Einstellungen und des Verhaltens von pflegerischen Wundexpert(inn)en gegenüber der Industrie. Methode: Auf Basis bestehender Instrumente wurde ein standardisierter Fragebogen (39 Items; 5-stufige Likert-Skala) entwickelt, der elektronisch und postalisch an alle pflegerischen Mitglieder der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für vaskuläre Pflege (ÖGvP), der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Wundheilung und Wundbehandlung e. V. (DGfW e. V.) und der Swiss Association for Wound Care (SAfW) versandt wurde. Ergebnisse: Die Stichprobe umfasste 178 Pflegende (75 % Frauen; Alter 27 – 70 Jahre [Median 45]; 0 – 40 Jahre [Median 9] tätig im Wundbereich). Nur etwa jeder vierte der Befragten (23,0 %) hat im vergangenen Jahr nicht am Pharmamarketing teilgenommen. Allgemein wurden kleine Geschenke häufiger angenommen als teure Geschenke. Mehrheitlich werden preiswerte Geschenke, Geschenke zu Ausbildungszwecken und solche, die den Patienten nutzen können, als positiv bewertet. Die Befragten betrachten sich, im Vergleich zu Ärzt(inn)en, mehrheitlich als eher weniger beeinflussbar in ihrem Entscheidungsvermögen. Schlussfolgerungen: Das Verhalten und die Einstellung der Pflegenden sind ambivalent. Das Auftreten von Interessenkonflikten wird teilweise mit dem Wohl der Patient(inn)en begründet. Mangelhafte Kenntnisse über diese Thematik und soziale Erwünschtheit könnten die Ursache für eine unkritische Haltung sein. Für einen kritischeren Umgang mit der Industrie sind Bildungsmaßnahmen und berufsethische Standards notwendig.
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Robin, Julie, Anthony Bernard, Lisa Albouy, Sibylle Papillon, Eloise Tranchand, Marie-Neige Hebrard, Jean-Baptiste Philibert et al. „Description of Phenological Events of Persian Walnut (Juglans regia L.) according to the Extended BBCH Scale and Historical Scales“. Horticulturae 10, Nr. 4 (16.04.2024): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10040402.
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Walnut trees are grown worldwide for their edible fruits, which have high nutritional value. To address climate change, researchers have studied walnut phenology to create cultivars adapted to warmer climates. The objective of this study is to propose a scale for phenological Persian walnut observations using the Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt, und CHemische Industrie (BBCH) codification and alignment with historical alphameric scales. Here, the principal growth stages (PGSs) of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) are described using stages from a previously available alphanumeric scale. This standardised phenological scale describes Persian walnut growth from the dormant vegetative state through reproductive budding and senescence. This phenological scale is expected to increase the efficiency of walnut phenological monitoring. Fifty-seven stages are used to describe the life cycle of Persian walnut in this BBCH scale. Of these 57 stages, 3 stages are dedicated to seed germination (PGS-0), 4 stages are dedicated to bud development (PGS-0), 7 stages are dedicated to leaf development (PGS-1), 4 stages are dedicated to stem elongation (PGS-3), 8 stages are dedicated to inflorescence emergence (PGS-5), 5 stages are dedicated to male flowering (PGS-6), 5 stages are dedicated to female flowering (PGS-6), 5 stages are dedicated to fruit development (PGS-7), 12 stages are dedicated to fruit ripening (PGS-8), and 4 stages are dedicated to leaf senescence (PGS-9).
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Shukla, Vandana, Ankit Singh, A. R. Nautiyal und Poonam Rani. „Phenological growth stages of Meconopsis aculeata Royle, an endangered medicinal plant of western Himalaya, using BBCH scale“. Journal of Applied Horticulture 24, Nr. 01 (25.04.2022): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i01.03.
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Alpine plant species are perennial but have a shorter growing period according to prevailing habitat conditions that remain snow-covered during winter. In these areas, many of the species are important sources of valuable drugs. Phenological observations on Meconopsis aculeata were recorded at a weekly interval in Tungnath region of western Himalaya. Phenological studies in alpine plants are minimal, especially in Indian Himalayas thus, the present study was carried out to describe detailed phenological stages of M. aculeata in Tungnath region of the Indian Himalaya. The BBCH (Biologische Bundesantalt, Bundessortenamt, and Chemische Industrie) scale was used to characterize seven primary growth stages from seed germination to senescence, as well as secondary growth stages. These stages include stage 0 (germination phase), stage 1 (leaf development), stage 5 (Inflorescence emergence), stage 6 (flowering), stage 7 (fruit development), stage 8 (Fruit ripening) and stage 9 (Senescence). Due to the high market demand of medicinal plants in local and international markets, work on the various aspects of domestication and crop improvement is a dire need, therefore the detailed phenological growth stages of M. aculeata could be helpful and complimentary for local growers, breeders and researchers.
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Correa, Amanda Ribeiro, Cárita Rodrigues de Aquino Arantes, Elisangela Clarete Camili und Sebastião Carneiro Guimarães. „Portulaca oleracea L.: genotypes phenology and thermal sum in tropical climate“. Revista em Agronegócio e Meio Ambiente 16, Nr. 1 (17.02.2023): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17765/2176-9168.2023v16n1e9921.
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Portulaca oleracea L., known as purslane, is an unconventional food plant rich in nutrients and medicinal properties, with potential for consumption and commercialization. The objective was to describe phenological stages of purslane based on BBCH (Biologische Bundesantalt, Bundessortenamt and Chemische Industrie) scale and thermal sum at different times. Evaluations were made from two genotypes, the Golden variety and an access. Plants were observed during six consecutive periods, interspersed every two months. Thermal sum and base temperature were obtained considering the average temperature from seedling emergence to flowering and dispersion of the first capsule in 50% of the plants. The phenological cycle of Purslane based on the BBCH scale shows seven main stages, subdivided into secondary stages: germination (0); leaf development on the main branch (1); development of lateral branches (2); development of flower buds (5); flowering (6); seed dispersal (8); and senescence (9). The lower base temperatures (Tb) determined to flowering were 10 to 15 ºC for the variety Golden and access, respectively, since for seed dispersal, Tb was 9 and 13 ºC, respectively. Thermal requirements for Golden variety are 421.3 GD for flowering and 644.2 GD for seed dispersal, while for access they are 239.7 and 407.0 GD, respectively. Purslane as a food plant can be produced throughout the year in tropical region and may be best used if harvested until the plants reach 12 or 10 leaves.
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Perez, Mirko Dennys Ayala, Renato Pichini de Oliveira, Fernando Maeda, Walter Gomes Miranda-Jr, Angelica Castro Pimentel und Leticia Cristina Cidreira Boaro. „Efficiency of treatment and use of a MDP-primer on the bond strentgh of zirconia-cement interface“. Research, Society and Development 10, Nr. 5 (07.05.2021): e20910511337. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i5.11337.
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In order to improve the adhesion between cement and zirconia, aluminum oxide sandblasting (JAT) and Rocatec, sandblasting with silica coated aluminum oxide (ROC), also the primer Signum Zirconia Bond (SZB) were used. The objective of the study was to verify the influence of the surface treatment and the presence of SZB primer in relation to the bond strength between cement and zirconia, using 60 zirconia specimens measuring 7 mm in length, 7 mm in width and 3 mm in length. thickness. Three surface treatments were evaluated: sandblasting with pre-sintering aluminum oxide (OPre), Rocatec Soft before (RPre) and zirconia final sintering (RPos), and also, regarding the presence or not of SZB. All specimens were cemented with Panavia F. The bond strength (RU) was evaluated through a shear test with a standardization device from SDI (Southern Dental Industrie) on a universal testing machine (Kratos), with a speed of 0 , 5 mm / min. The data were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis / Mann-Whitney (α = 0.05). Average (SD) of UK without the use of SZB: OPre: 5.5 (0.9) Ba; RPre: 4.0 (1.4) Bb; RPos: 5.0 (0.5) Bab. Average (SD) of UK using SZB: OPre: 7.9 (1.5) Aab; RPre: 6.7 (2.3) Ab; RPos: 9.0 (1.2) Aa. The use of primer increased the cement / zirconia bond strength regardless of the surface treatment performed, in addition, the Rocatec group after sintering with primer, obtained higher bond strength values compared to the other study groups.
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Jiménez-Zurita, José Orlando, Irán Alia-Tejacal, Rosendo Balois-Morales, Juan Manuel Villarreal-Fuentes, Carlos Alberto Núñez-Colín und Guillermo Berumen-Varela. „Phenological growth stages of soursop trees (Annona muricata L.) based on the extended BBCH-scale“. Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura 29, Nr. 1 (Dezember 2022): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5154/r.rchsh.2022.03.006.
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The soursop is a species of tropical fruit well accepted by consumers due to its creamy white pulp and excellent flavor. Currently, Mexico is the largest producer and consumer; however, the agronomic practices in use were established without a systematic knowledge of A. muricata L. phenology. The objective of this work then, was to conduct such a study in two of the main producing regions of Mexico: Tepic and Compostela (both in the state of Nayarit). For this, a total of 20 ungrafted trees were selected and their growth stages described using the extended BBCH-scale (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie). Overall, eight main phenological stages were identified over the course of a year. These were: the development of buds (stage 0), leaves (stage 1),and shoots (stage 3), the emergence of flowers (stage 5), flowering (stage 6), fruit development and maturity (stages 7-8), and senescence of branches (stage 9). In addition, 37 secondary growth stages were also described and quantified. The highest number of vegetative shoots occurred from March-July, 2017 and the biggest increase in floral structures from July–September, 2017. Fruit setting to physiological maturity took an average of 114 days in both Tepic and Compostela, with the most intense defoliation occurring in October, 2017 in the former (Tepic) and in December, 2016 in the latter (Compostela). Hopefully, improved agronomic practices will be established using this information, as well as suitable protocols for future physiological studies.
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Singh, Akath, Kundan Kishore, Pradeep Kumar, P. S. Khapte, D. S. Mishra, Dalpat Singh und Hukam Singh Kothyari. „Phenological growth and development stages of common fig (Ficus carica L.) under arid climate of India“. Folia Horticulturae 35, Nr. 2 (01.12.2023): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2023-0028.
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ABSTRACT Arid region is characterised by extreme climatic condition, poor soil health and over-exploitation of natural resources. Under prevailing conditions of arid India, Ficus carica is an emerging fruit crop with high commercial value and nutritional significance. Phenological study plays an important role in ensuring efficient crop management practices, but such studies in fig have not yet been conducted in India. The present study was conducted with an aim to define and describe phenological stages of common fig cultivar ‘Diana’ in arid regions according to the Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie (BBCH)-scale using two-digit numerical system. The BBCH scale markedly explains various developmental stages of crops. Seven principal growth stages, viz. bud development (0), leaf development (1), shoot development (3), inflorescence development (5), flower development (6), syconium (fig receptacle) development (7) and fruit maturation (8), and 25 secondary growth stages of fig have been described. The sequential progression of principal growth stages of fig indicated temporal variation in growth pattern as well as overlapping of secondary growth stages. Phenological description will act as a pragmatic approach to define growth stages in order to facilitate timely agronomic practices such as canopy management, nutrient management and irrigation scheduling, pest and disease management. Since fig is considered one of the important minor fruits of India, a detailed phenological description will be instrumental in enhancing its potential in arid and semi-arid regions.
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Ye, Junjun, Jijian Wang und Yangzhou Zhang. „Analysis on Transformation and Upgrading Levels of Three Industries in 11 Prefectures of Zhejiang Based on Shift-Share Method“. Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (09.08.2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2428602.
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This paper attempts to evaluate the transformation and upgrading (T&U) levels of the three industries in 11 prefectures of Zhejiang Province, China, since 2016. Taking the provincial T&U levels of the three industries as the benchmark, the three industries in each prefecture were analyzed by shift-share method (SSM). The main results are as follows: In terms of primary industry, none of the 11 prefectures had structural advantage (structural shifts < 0), but 3 had regional competitiveness (competitiveness shifts > 0); in terms of secondary industry, none of the 11 prefectures had structural advantage (structural shifts < 0), but 5 had regional competitiveness (competitiveness shifts > 0); in terms of tertiary industry, all of the 11 prefectures had structural advantage (structural shifts > 0), and 6 had regional competitiveness (competitiveness shifts > 0); Shaoxing was competitive in all three industries, ranking the first in the competitiveness of every industry; Huzhou, Quzhou, and Jinhua were not competitive in tertiary industry. The research provides a new yardstick of industrial T&U level and lays the decision-making basis for local governments in Zhejiang to formulate industrial T&U policies.
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Firdaus, Anita, Sumeru Ashari, Lulu Lazimatul Khoiriyah und Budi Waluyo. „Phenological of Cutleaf Groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.) Based on BBCH Scale“. JURNAL AGRONOMI TANAMAN TROPIKA (JUATIKA) 4, Nr. 2 (01.07.2022): 241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36378/juatika.v4i2.2063.
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Cutleaf groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.) is a plant that belongs to the Solanaceae family. In Indonesia, this plant grows spread in various regions and has different names in each region. However, this plant is rarely cultivated and is generally considered a weed by farmers. Recently many studies have shown that cutleaf groundcherry contains many substances that are beneficial for the health sector, so it has the potential to be developed as a cultivation plant for exotic fruit sources that function as nutraceuticals. Plant breeding programs can be a solution in responding to these problems. As the first step in developing cutleaf groundcherry through a breeding program, the Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, collected accessions of cutleaf groundcherry from various regions in Indonesia. The phonological stage of its growth is one piece of information that is useful in better understanding the cutleaf groundcherry life cycle and, as a result, simplifying cutleaf groundcherry cultivation management. This research aims to provide practical knowledge on the cutleaf groundcherry life cycle to develop a more efficient plant management approach for cultivation, including plant breeding initiatives. The BBCH scale was used to make observations (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und CHemische Industrie). The descriptive statistics obtained from observations and presented in descriptive narrative form using the BBCH scale with 3-digit coding numbers and documentation images were used in the data analysis. The results showed that the BBCH scale was used to define and describe cutleaf groundcherry phenology, which included germination (stage 0), leaf development (stage 1), side shoot formation (stage 2), the emergence of inflorescence (stage 5), flowering (stage 6), fruit development (stage 7), fruit and seed ripening (stage 8) and senescence (stage 9)
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Helmi Said, Purnamawati und Abdul Muis Mappalotteng. „Peran Pendidikan Berbasis Literasi Teknologi Informasi & Komunikasi dalam Memajukan SDM di Era Society 5. 0“. SEMINAR NASIONAL DIES NATALIS 62 1 (31.07.2023): 510–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.59562/semnasdies.v1i1.1060.
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This study aims to: (1) The contribution of career guidance to job readiness in SMKN 1 Enrekang students; (2) The contribution of industrial work practice experience to the job readiness of SMKN 1 Enrekang students; (3) Contribution of career guidance and experience of industrial work practices to job readiness in SMKN 1 Enrekang students. This type of research is quantitative descriptive research, analyzing data systematically using simple regression analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Data collection techniques are interviews and questionnaires. Based on the results of data analysis, the career guidance variable has an influence of 12.96% on job readiness, the industrial work practice variable has an influence of 4.88% on job readiness, the magnitude of Adjusted R² is 0.336. This means that 33.6% of job readiness variables can be explained by independent variables, namely career guidance, work motivation, and industrial work practices
Dissertationen zum Thema "Industrie 5.0"
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Romaní, López Fiorella Alexandra, und Marquez Jazmín Lucero Zuasnabar. „Análisis estratégico para la implementación de una empresa de producción y comercialización de ropa para bebés y niños de 0 a 5 años fabricada en base a fibra de Bambú“. Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/16866.
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En la actualidad, existe una creciente tendencia sobre la compra de productos ecológicos debido a la alerta a nivel mundial acerca del deterioro del medio ambiente. Por esta razón, la mayoría de las industrias se encuentran en una constante búsqueda de procesos productivos y en el desarrollo de productos que no afecten al medio ambiente y que contribuyan al desarrollo de la sociedad. Sin embargo, la industria textil peruana aún es incipiente en incorporar el componente ambiental en la fabricación de las prendas a pesar que es la segunda industria más contaminante después de la industria petrolera1. Es así, que decidimos enfocar el siguiente trabajo de investigación sobre un producto eco-amigable en este sector, con el fin de continuar con la industria verde en el país.
El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es determinar la viabilidad para la implementación de una empresa productora y comercializadora de ropa de bebes y niños de 0 a 5 años a base de tela de fibra de bambú mediante un análisis estratégico.
La elección de incursionar en la moda ecológica para bebés, es el interés en llevar a cabo un emprendimiento que genere un impacto positivo en la sociedad. También se tomó en cuenta el crecimiento constante de la industria, tanto en el interior del país como en el exterior, y las preferencias del público objetivo
Por otra parte, el material ecológico elegido fue el bambú por dos razones principales. La primera es la iniciativa por parte del Estado peruano (SERFOR) que promueven el uso del bambú para fortalecer el crecimiento de los productores regionales y sus respectivas regiones2. La segunda razón, es la gran cantidad de beneficios que presenta este material entre las que destacan la protección UV, alta suavidad, material anti-bacterial e hipoalergénico, entre otras.
Es así que se determina que esta materia prima es ideal para elaborar prendas de bebés pues permitiría el cuidado adecuado de este. Además, está demostrado que los padres son sensibles al precio y están dispuestos a pagar precios de venta elevados cuando se refiere a un producto de alta calidad.
A lo largo del presente trabajo de investigación, se desarrollará un análisis estratégico de la empresa planteada mediante un análisis del macroentorno, con ayuda de la herramienta PESTEL, la cual permite evaluar la situación del país y si este genera un escenario positivo para la implantación de la empresa5. Además, se presentará el análisis de microentorno, a través de las cinco fuerzas de Porter. También, se plantearán los objetivos del proyecto, así como las estrategias a emplear, para lo cual se desarrollará las matrices de evaluación de factores internos (EFI), matriz de evaluación de factores externos (EFE) y la matriz FODA.
Finalmente, de acuerdo a la investigación realizada, se concluye que la implementación de una empresa productora y comercializadora de ropa de bebé y niños de 0 a 5 años resulta atractiva para invertir dado al aumento de consumo sostenible y las numerosas propiedades positivas que presenta la fibra de bambú. Sin embargo, el análisis de este estudio comprende un contexto estándar, por lo que, para poner el negocio en marcha se debe esperar a superar la crisis económica y de salud originada por la pandemia del COVID-19 que se vive en la actualidad.Trabajo de investigación
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Quintella, Vitor da Mata. „DOIS ENSAIOS SOBRE FINANÇAS CORPORATIVAS E GESTÃO DE RISCOS DE MERCADO“. Escola Politécnica, 2017. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/24918.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
A presente dissertação é uma coleção de dois ensaios sobre finanças corporativas e a gestão de riscos de mercado. Ambos os ensaios utilizam técnicas originárias de mercados financeiros aplicadas a um cenário particular de indústrias de commodities petroquímicos brasileiras que atuam com importação e exportação. Assim este trabalho é dotado de contribuições teóricas marginais, aprofundando-se na aplicação empírica de um ferramental adequado para uma situação específica que leva à identificação de resultados e conclusões próprias que poderiam passar despercebidos numa analise generalista. Os modelos são baseados em uma empresa real cujo nome e os dados são omitidos por motivos de sigilo. As métricas Earnings at Risk (EaR) e Cash Flow at Risk (CFaR) foram aplicadas, assim como uma variação do CFaR – proposta nessa dissertação – denominada Cash Balance at Risk (CBaR). O primeiro ensaio tem como objetivo identificar, mensurar e otimizar o risco financeiro e seus efeitos nos resultados de projetos com inovação tecnológica. Identificou-se que as métricas EaR, CFaR e CBaR auxiliam a avaliação de projetos quando acompanhadas dos procedimentos padrões de avaliação e, que, o uso de novas tecnologias, em certas condições, pode gerar um hedge natural para a empresa. Verificou-se que variações temporais entre gastos e recebimentos agravam a exposição financeira a oscilações de câmbio e de preços de commodities. Identificou-se, como boa prática, considerar em conjunto com a análise de projetos não apenas o financiamento e o hedging, mas também, os efeitos do mesmo sobre a estrutura financeira da empresa como um todo. O segundo ensaio tem como objetivo desenvolver uma fronteira eficiente risco-retorno para a gestão de riscos através do uso de derivativos. Foi possível fornecer um portfólio de decisões ótimas que superaram a posição de não utilização de derivativos no aumento de resultados e na redução do risco – tanto nas projeções realizadas quanto na aplicação de um backtesting com dados históricos. A razão da tomada de decisões que formaram a fronteira foi investigada, identificando – inclusive – a possibilidade de arbitragem quando se está na posição do exportador líquido. A inclusão à Fronteira Eficiente da análise do risco de caixa disponível se mostrou como uma contribuição à gestão de risco financeiro e à questão do conflito de agencia. Os resultados dessa aplicação se mostraram pouco sensíveis às mudanças históricas de tendências do mercado.
The present dissertation is a collection in two essays on corporate finance and market risk management. Both essays use techniques originated in financial market applied to a particular scenario of an import export Brazilian industry that uses and products intermediary petrochemicals. So that this work offers marginal theoretical contributions, with a focus of proposing applied empirical a framework for decision making that considers the singularities of this scenario. As benefits of such approach, it is possible to reach findings that wouldn’t be archivable by a generalist approach. Both essays use a financial model based on a real company whose name and data are omitted for reasons of secrecy. The metrics Earnings at Risk (EaR) and Cash Flow at Risk (CFaR) were applied, as well as a variation of the CFaR - proposed in this dissertation - called Cash Balance at Risk (CBaR). The first essay aims to identify, measure and optimize financial risk and its effects on the results of projects with technological innovation. It was found that the EaR, CFaR, and CBaR metrics help to evaluate projects when they are accompanied by standard evaluation procedures and that innovative technologies, in certain conditions, may act as a “natural hedge”. The findings also show that the time delay between revenues and expenses leads to financial risk exposure to changes in prices and foreign exchange rates. It was identified, as a good practice, to consider not only the financing and the hedging of a Project, but also, how it affects financial exposition of the company as a unity. The second essay aims at applying the concept of risk-return Efficient Frontier through the use of derivatives. It was possible to provide a portfolio of optimal decisions that overcome a position averse to derivative use. Better expectations were obtained with increased Expected earnings and with risk-reduction. The superiority was verified by an application of a backtesting with historical data. The reasons that made the optimizer take the decisions that formed the efficient frontier was investigated, and it was identified the possibility of arbitration when a company is in the position of the net exporter. The inclusion of cash balance risk analysis on the Efficient Frontier was shown to be a valuable contribution to financial risk management and to the agency problem. The results had little sensitivity to the historical changes of market trends.
Bücher zum Thema "Industrie 5.0"
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Maasberg, Wolfgang. Commercial-Industrial Cleaning, by Pressure-Washing, Hydro-Blasting and UHP-Jetting. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-835-5.
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SALGUES. Societe 5. 0-Industrie du Futur,Tech,Meth: Societe 5. 0-Industrie du Futur, Technologies, Methodes et Outils. ISTE Editions Ltd., 2018.
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Elangovan, Uthayan. Industry 5. 0: The Future of the Industrial Economy. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
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Elangovan, Uthayan. Industry 5. 0: The Future of the Industrial Economy. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
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Industry 5. 0: The Future of the Industrial Economy. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
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Bhatnagar, Vishal, Prashant Johri, Vikram Bali und Sapna Sinha. Disruptive Technologies for Society 5. 0. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
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Show, Pau Loke, Kit Wayne Chew und Tau Chuan Ling. Prospect of Industry 5. 0 in Biomanufacturing. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
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Show, Pau Loke, Kit Wayne Chew und Tau Chuan Ling. Prospect of Industry 5. 0 in Biomanufacturing. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
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Show, Pau Loke, Kit Wayne Chew und Tau Chuan Ling. Prospect of Industry 5. 0 in Biomanufacturing. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
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Bhatnagar, Vishal, Prashant Johri, Vikram Bali und Sapna Sinha. Disruptive Technologies for Society 5. 0: Exploration of New Ideas, Techniques, and Tools. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
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Bačuvčík, Michal, Pavel Martauz, Ivan Janotka und Branislav Cvopa. „The Resistance of New Kind of High-Strength Cement after 5 Years Exposure to Sulfate Solution“. In Cement Industry [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95240.
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This article deals with the determination of technically important properties, the recognition of microstructure and pore structure, and the mortar resistance of a new cement kind NONRIVAL CEM I 52.5 N containing 7.94% wt. of C3A to 5% sodium sulfate solution. Both reference types of cement were industrially manufactured: 1) ordinary Portland cement CEM I 42.5 R and 2) Portland cement CEM I 42.5 R – SR 0, declared as sulfate resistant because of C3A = 0%. The research was carried out at standardized mortars. The used sodium sulfate solution, which contained 33802.8 mg of aggressive SO4 2− per liter, exceeded approximately 5 to 10 times the concentration of the third degree of aggressiveness of the XA chemical environment according to STN EN 206 + A1. The reference medium was drinking water. The 5-year results of non-destructive and destructive physical-mechanical tests as well as the formed microstructure and pore structure in both liquid media were evaluated. The cause of the NONRIVAL CEM I 52.5 N sulfate resistance was explained, despite the manufacturer’s declared C3A content of up to 8% by weight. Sulfate resistance of NONRIVAL CEM I 52.5 N is found comparable to that of sulfate resistant CEM I 42.5 R – SR 0.
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Rizzo Sierra, José Amílcar, Gastón Sanglier Contreras, Ely Karina Anaya Rivera, César Isaza und Jonny Paul Zavala de Paz. „A Novel Methodology to Study Particulate Material/Aerosol Pollution via Real-Time Hyperspectral Acousto-Optic Intelligent Spectrometry“. In Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering, 32–37. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7279-5.ch002.
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Tactic and strategic management and policing of atmospheric pollution in México, specifically by particulate material (PM) from mobile sources (internal combustion powered vehicles), critically requires state-of-the-science technologies due to the problem's complexity including its public health dimension. The authors consider that proper decision making on the problem would benefit from permanent revision on currently employed PM monitoring and measurement systems and also the effort to improve them. These later currently offer information on O(10^0) ultraviolet-visible-infrared (UV-VIS-IR) spectral bands at O(10^0) spatial resolutions and O(10^1) in [min^-1] temporal resolutions. In contrast, they propose the novel use of acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) spectrometry to study PM in atmospheric suspension, capable of offering information on O(10^2) UV, VIS, or IR spectral bands at similar or better spatial and temporal resolutions. The potential of AOTF spectrometry towards PM assessment is clear and the objective is to explore its usefulness.
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Sahoo, Pradeep Kumar, und Bikash Kumar Pradhan. „FE-BASED FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF UNNOTCHED COMPOSITE LAMINATE USING STIFFNESS DEGRADATION APPROACH“. In Futuristic Trends in Mechanical Engineering Volume 3 Book 6, 15–34. Iterative International Publisher, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bgme6p1ch2.
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The composites such as carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP)/ glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite material are being extensively used in aerospace industries for aircraft primary structural elements. The fatigue evaluation of composites is very complex and challenging. To the authors' knowledge, no computational tools are available to predict the fatigue life of composites. This project aims to carry out an FE-based fatigue analysis to estimate the fatigue life of GFRP composite aircraft structural elements by performing progressive damage growth analysis (PDGA) based on the stiffness degradation rule up to last ply failures (LPF). A glass fibre-reinforced plastic (GFRP) composite laminate, according to the Chinese standard of materials testing GB/T1447 2005 [1], is considered in the analysis. Two stacking sequences [45/90/-45/0]s and [45/0/0/-45]s are considered. First, the static analyses are conducted on GFRP composite laminate for various applied loads using LPF-based PDGA to determine the static strength of the laminate using Tsi-Wu failure criteria. Then, a similar procedure using the Tsi-Wu failure criterion is followed for the fatigue analyses to assess the fatigue strength of the laminate with the above two stacking sequences by using S-N data of the unidirectional composites for longitudinal, transverse and shear directions. FEA predicted fatigue strength results are slightly more than the experimental results. This trend may be because the delamination and debonding occurring in the experiment (which is a real scenario) are not considered in FEA. The error %age in fatigue strength for 103 cycles is of the order of 5% for [45/0/0/-45]s laminates and 7% for [45/90/-45/0]s laminate. This study is essential for evaluating the structural integrity of composite airframe structures.
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Bhushan, Devender, und Rashmi Agrawal. „The Internet of Things: looking beyond the hype“. In An Industrial IoT Approach for Pharmaceutical Industry Growth, 231–55. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-821326-1.00008-5.
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Sistler, Frederick E. „Techniques for Automation Systems in the Agriculture Industry“. In Manufacturing and Automation Systems: Techniques and Technologies, Part 5 of 5, 99–128. Elsevier, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-012749-8.50008-8.
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„Contents“. In Emergence of Pharmaceutical Industry Growth with Industrial IoT Approach, v—xi. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-819593-2.00014-5.
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Yau, Y. „House Building Industries“. In International Encyclopedia of Housing and Home, 187–94. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-047163-1.00452-5.
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Flick, Ernest W. „BACON INDUSTRIES INC.“ In Epoxy Resins, Curing Agents, Compounds, and Modifiers, 219–36. Elsevier, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-8155-1322-3.50042-5.
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Aryel, Ron M., und T. V. (Sunil) Anklekar. „Food and Pharmaceutical Industries“. In Handbook of Biosurveillance, 161–77. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012369378-5/50012-0.
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Weaver, Graham. „Industry issues“. In Profile of the International Valve Industry, 15–18. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-185617443-5/50021-0.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Industrie 5.0"
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CANSEV, IPEK, und METEHAN TOLON. „Industry 4 0 and the Effects of Improving Humanless Technology on Business Management“. In Fifth International Conference on Advances in Social Science, Management and Human Behaviour - SMHB 2017. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-124-5-23.
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Kumpaty, Subha, Brietta Coen, Liam Coen, Monnamme Tlotleng, Nana Arthur und Sisa Pityana. „Laser Metal Deposition of Functionally Graded Ti-6Al-4V + Mo Samples and Characterization Studies“. In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-68190.
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Abstract Ti-6Al-4V is a common alloy known for its use in aerospace and/or biomedical applications. In this study, Mo has been employed to increase the biocompatibility of Ti-6Al-4V. Two samples of Ti-6Al-4V with layers of differing percentages of Mo were produced using laser metal deposition at the National Laser Center of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa. One sample was manufactured with layers containing 15-10-5-0-5-10-15 wt% Mo at 1500W laser power and another sample was prepared with 0-5-10-15-10-5-0 wt% Mo at 1700W. The microstructures of 0% Mo showed Widmanstätten alpha. Adding Mo, the layers indicated lamellar microstructure. The properties of lower and upper layers with the same concentration of Mo were found to vary due to thermal effects occurring in the process of printing and possible intermetallic bonding. This paper discusses underlying factors for the results obtained on graded samples at different laser powers (1500 and 1700 W) in detail. The findings infer that the higher percent of Mo (above 10%) is not advisable for biomedical applications due to cracking and other related issues. The results indicate need for further research to optimize the laser metal deposition process to yield consistent production of functionally graded material.
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Oleinik, E. A. „NEW REQUIREMENTS FOR FOREST INDUSTRIES EXPORTING TO PRC“. In Problems and mechanisms of implementation of national priorities of socio-economic development of Russia. Khabarovsk State University of Economics and Law, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38161/978-5-7823-0740-0-2020-195-199.
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SAHA, SUBHABRATA, NADIM S. HMEIDAT, CHANYEOP PARK, PRITESH YEOLE, SCOTT L. J. MILLEN, ADRIAN MURPHY, BRIAN KNOUFF et al. „ENHANCED LIGHTNING STRIKE PROTECTION USING VERTICALLY ORIENTED CARBON FIBER MELDED WITH CONVENTIONAL CARBON FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITE AND ITS VALIDATION THROUGH DAMAGE ANALYSIS“. In Proceedings for the American Society for Composites-Thirty Eighth Technical Conference. Destech Publications, Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc38/36521.
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Lightning strike protection (LSP) is one of the prime factors in aerospace and wind industries concerning safety, enhanced service life, and reduced downtime. To ensure better LSP, high electrical conductivity is required to dissipate the current, which is always a challenge for polymer composites due to the inherent insulating nature of the polymer matrix. Conventional carbon fiber-reinforced composites (CFRP) offer electrical conductivity in the planar direction while the vertical i.e. through-thickness conductivity still remains a challenge. Having been motivated by this fact, we have fabricated CFRP interleaved with vertically oriented CF (Z-fiber) for the lightning strike test (100 kA). A paint was applied to mimic the actual service condition of the composite laminates. We have prepared two Z-fiber composites: (a) Z-1 containing one Z-fiber layer on the top along with conventional CF layers and (b) Z-5 containing five interleaved Z-fiber layers and compared the properties with conventional CFRP (Z-0). Interestingly, even a single Z-fiber layer (Z-1) showed lower damage (visual damage diameter 22 mm) than Z-0 (visual damage diameter 26 mm). Z-5 displayed the lowest damage (visual damage diameter 16.7 mm), which was further confirmed by cross-sectional optical microscopy. Improved LSP was attributed to the higher through-thickness electrical conductivity in the case of Z-5 (9 times with respect to Z-0) reflecting a lower electrical anisotropy for Z-fiber composites. The residual mechanical property after the lightning test was analyzed through the flexural test, and the retention of flexural strength and modulus was 66% and 86%, respectively for Z-5 showing a significant improvement in comparison to Z-0 (>40% for both).
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Sesegma, Zhambalova. „MATERIALS OF THE OLHONIAN STEPPE DUMA ABOUT TRADE, INDUSTRY COVERAGE, COTTON AND CORRESPONDENCE IN BURYAT XIX V.“ In Archives in history. History in archives. Ottisk, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32363/978-5-6041443-5-0-2018-28-36.
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Liu, Heyun, und Xiaohui Ma. „Experimental Researches on Micro-Droplet Freezing on a Solid Surface Under Atmospheric Conditions: Part I“. In ASME 2008 First International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnht2008-52081.
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Atmospheric ice accretion on structures is a problem of fundamental importance to a number of industries. Examples of engineering problems caused by ice accretion involving aircraft, power transmission lines, telecommunication towers, electrical railway contact-wires, and other structures. Under atmospheric icing conditions two basic types of ice may form; rime or glaze. The supercooled micro-droplets in clouds are an important factor in icing. The objective of this study was to develop a new experimental method to investigate a single supercooled micro-droplet freezing process, in order to better understand the mechanism of rime or glaze ice accretion. The experimental device and principles are described in this paper. The experimental set has two small cold rooms, which is separated by a board with a central hole. A droplet with diameter of 15∼40 μm, temperature of 0∼−5°C was levitated in the cold air stream by electrostatic force. A CCD camera tracked its trace. The air temperature is from 0∼−10°C, the micro-droplet diameter is from 15∼40μm, and its temperature is from 0∼−5°C in the experimental study. This article focused on the experimental set and the experimental principles, and the next article will focus on the experimental data analysis.
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Ksenofontova, Khalidia. „DEVELOPMENT OF COMPETENCIES OF FUTURE MANAGEMENT STAFF IN CONDITIONS OF INDUSTRIA-4.0“. In Collection of scientific works of the participants of the XI International Kondratieff Conference. ISOASPSH of N.D. Kondratieff, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46865/978-5-901640-34-0-2020-245-251.
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Chahour, Kahina, und Brahim Safi. „PHYSICO-MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ECOLOGICAL MARBLE BASED- MORTAR“. In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/4.1/s18.23.
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Disposal of waste generated by the industries remains one of the major challenges to preserve the environment. Indeed, the use of industrial waste and by-products in construction is an important advantage to conserve natural resources. For this reason, several studies have focused on the use of marble waste in construction as recycled aggregate or fine powder. The work aim is to investigate the physical properties and mechanical behavior of eco-friendly mortar made with marble powder. The experimental study consists in studying the effect of cement substitution by marble powder (0%, 5% 10% and 20% wt.) on the fluidity and mechanical properties (Flexural strength, compressive strength and mechanical behavior) of elaborated mortars. The results show that it is possible to manufacture an ecological mortar having the good mechanical characteristics with marble powder and with local materials with the same basic components as a normal mortar and thus obtaining the same characteristics as those known internationally. The content amount of the marble powder as an addition to the cement is satisfactory to produce an ecological mortar with good resistance and better cement economy.
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Kosaraju, Satyanarayana, Anil Kalluri, Swadesh Kumar Singh und Ahsan ul Haq. „Evaluation and Characterization of ASS316L at Sub-Zero Temperature“. In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-12102.
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Abstract Austenitic Stainless-Steel grade 316L is one among the significant ASS grades which is most commonly used in various industry sectors. It has excellent corrosion resistance in ordinary atmospheric and also in more arduous environments such as salt water and environments where resistance to chloride corrosion is required. Whilst performing well when exposed to relatively high temperatures, this grade of Austenitic Stainless steel also maintains its strength and toughness at sub-zero temperatures, making this an excellent choice for various applications in industries sectors such as Marine, general construction, and water treatment. Therefore, present study focused on evaluating the mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) and strain hardening exponent (n) are evaluated based on the experimental data obtained from the uniaxial isothermal tensile tests performed at an interval of −25 °C from 0 °C to −50 °C and at three orientations (0, 45, 90) degrees to the rolling direction and cross head velocity (3, 5, 7) mm/min were chosen. A total of 27 experiments have been planned based on design of experiments to conduct experiments. A mathematical model for the prediction of ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) and strain hardening exponent (n) was developed using process parameters such as temperature, orientation and cross head velocities. Results have shown that mechanical properties can be predicted with a reasonable accuracy within the range of process parameters considered in this study.
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Belyaeva, Lyudmila A. „QUALITY OF LIFE IN POST-INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY: INDICATORS FOR RUSSIA“. In Problems of sociocultural evolution of Russia and its regions. Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22405/978-5-6041453-4-0-2018-28-38.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBerichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Industrie 5.0"
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McCleney, Amy. PR-015-19602-R02 Water in Oil Meter Technology Testing. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011746.
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Water-cut meters measure the water content in a crude-oil stream and can use different sensor technologies and approaches to achieve this measurement. Each of these technology types has advantages and limitations for use in certain operating conditions. Current industry knowledge about the performance and limitations of the different technology meters for measuring a wide range of water cuts has not been extensively quantified. This testing effort was initiated to determine the stability and accuracy of different water-cut meters by flowing a crude-oil stream of water content through these meters. The performance of the different water-cut meters was assessed at a constant 100-gpm flow rate, two sweeps of water-cut ranges from 0% to 5% and 0% to 20%, and two different crude oils. To provide a reference water content, fluid samples were manually drawn from the flow loop upstream of the meters for each test point following API MPMS Ch. 8.1 (2019). The fluid samples were handled and mixed in accordance with API MPMS Ch. 8.3 (2019), and were assessed using two different analysis methods: a Karl Fisher Titration method using ASTM D4928 (2018) for the nominal 0% to 5% water-cut tests, and a centrifuge method using ASTM D4007 (2016) for the nominal 0% to 20% water-cut tests. The results from this testing effort will allow the PRCI members to assess the accuracy and stability of different water-cut meters and to select a water-cut metering technology that is most compatible with their operating conditions.
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McCleney, Amy. PR-015-19602-R01 Water in Oil Meter Technology Testing. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011751.
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Water-cut meters measure the water content in a crude-oil stream and can use different sensor technologies and approaches to achieve this measurement. Each of these technology types has advantages and limitations for use in certain operating conditions. Current industry knowledge about the performance and limitations of the different technology meters for measuring a wide range of water cuts has not been extensively quantified. This testing effort was initiated to determine the stability and accuracy of different water-cut meters by flowing a crude-oil stream of water content through these meters. The performance of the different water-cut meters were assessed at a constant 100-gpm flow rate, two sweeps of water-cut ranges from 0% to 5% and 0% to 20%, and two different crude oils. To provide a reference water content, fluid samples were manually drawn from the flow loop upstream of the meters for each test point following API MPMS Ch. 8.1 (2019). The fluid samples were handled and mixed in accordance with API MPMS Ch. 8.3 (2019), and were assessed using two different analysis methods: a Karl Fisher Titration method using ASTM D4928 (2018) for the nominal 0% to 5% water-cut tests, and a centrifuge method using ASTM D4007 (2016) for the nominal 0% to 20% water-cut tests. The results from this testing effort will allow the PRCI members to assess the accuracy and stability of different water-cut meters and to select a water-cut metering technology that is most compatible with their operating conditions.
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ADAMS, WADE C. INTERIM REPORT--INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION SURVEY OF SECTION 3, SURVEY UNITS 1, 4 AND 5 EXCAVATED SURFACES, WHITTAKER CORPORATION, REYNOLDS INDUSTRIAL PARK, TRANSFER, PENNSYLVANIA DCN: 5002-SR-04-0". Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1096534.
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Chefetz, Benny, Baoshan Xing, Leor Eshed-Williams, Tamara Polubesova und Jason Unrine. DOM affected behavior of manufactured nanoparticles in soil-plant system. United States Department of Agriculture, Januar 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604286.bard.
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The overall goal of this project was to elucidate the role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil retention, bioavailability and plant uptake of silver and cerium oxide NPs. The environmental risks of manufactured nanoparticles (NPs) are attracting increasing attention from both industrial and scientific communities. These NPs have shown to be taken-up, translocated and bio- accumulated in plant edible parts. However, very little is known about the behavior of NPs in soil-plant system as affected by dissolved organic matter (DOM). Thus DOM effect on NPs behavior is critical to assessing the environmental fate and risks related to NP exposure. Carbon-based nanomaterials embedded with metal NPs demonstrate a great potential to serve as catalyst and disinfectors. Hence, synthesis of novel carbon-based nanocomposites and testing them in the environmentally relevant conditions (particularly in the DOM presence) is important for their implementation in water purification. Sorption of DOM on Ag-Ag₂S NPs, CeO₂ NPs and synthesized Ag-Fe₃O₄-carbon nanotubebifunctional composite has been studied. High DOM concentration (50mg/L) decreased the adsorptive and catalytic efficiencies of all synthesized NPs. Recyclable Ag-Fe₃O₄-carbon nanotube composite exhibited excellent catalytic and anti-bacterial action, providing complete reduction of common pollutants and inactivating gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria at environmentally relevant DOM concentrations (5-10 mg/L). Our composite material may be suitable for water purification ranging from natural to the industrial waste effluents. We also examined the role of maize (Zeamays L.)-derived root exudates (a form of DOM) and their components on the aggregation and dissolution of CuONPs in the rhizosphere. Root exudates (RE) significantly inhibited the aggregation of CuONPs regardless of ionic strength and electrolyte type. With RE, the critical coagulation concentration of CuONPs in NaCl shifted from 30 to 125 mM and the value in CaCl₂ shifted from 4 to 20 mM. This inhibition was correlated with molecular weight (MW) of RE fractions. Higher MW fraction (> 10 kDa) reduced the aggregation most. RE also significantly promoted the dissolution of CuONPs and lower MW fraction (< 3 kDa) RE mainly contributed to this process. Also, Cu accumulation in plant root tissues was significantly enhanced by RE. This study provides useful insights into the interactions between RE and CuONPs, which is of significance for the safe use of CuONPs-based antimicrobial products in agricultural production. Wheat root exudates (RE) had high reducing ability to convert Ag+ to nAg under light exposure. Photo-induced reduction of Ag+ to nAg in pristine RE was mainly attributed to the 0-3 kDa fraction. Quantification of the silver species change over time suggested that Cl⁻ played an important role in photoconversion of Ag+ to nAg through the formation and redox cycling of photoreactiveAgCl. Potential electron donors for the photoreduction of Ag+ were identified to be reducing sugars and organic acids of low MW. Meanwhile, the stabilization of the formed particles was controlled by both low (0-3 kDa) and high (>3 kDa) MW molecules. This work provides new information for the formation mechanism of metal nanoparticles mediated by RE, which may further our understanding of the biogeochemical cycling and toxicity of heavy metal ions in agricultural and environmental systems. Copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuSNPs) at 1:1 and 1:4 ratios of Cu and S were synthesized, and their respective antifungal efficacy was evaluated against the pathogenic activity of Gibberellafujikuroi(Bakanae disease) in rice (Oryza sativa). In a 2-d in vitro study, CuS decreased G. fujikuroiColony- Forming Units (CFU) compared to controls. In a greenhouse study, treating with CuSNPs at 50 mg/L at the seed stage significantly decreased disease incidence on rice while the commercial Cu-based pesticide Kocide 3000 had no impact on disease. Foliar-applied CuONPs and CuS (1:1) NPs decreased disease incidence by 30.0 and 32.5%, respectively, which outperformed CuS (1:4) NPs (15%) and Kocide 3000 (12.5%). CuS (1:4) NPs also modulated the shoot salicylic acid (SA) and Jasmonic acid (JA) production to enhance the plant defense mechanisms against G. fujikuroiinfection. These results are useful for improving the delivery efficiency of agrichemicals via nano-enabled strategies while minimizing their environmental impact, and advance our understanding of the defense mechanisms triggered by the NPs presence in plants.
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Pesis, Edna, Elizabeth J. Mitcham, Susan E. Ebeler und Amnon Lers. Application of Pre-storage Short Anaerobiosis to Alleviate Superficial Scald and Bitter Pit in Granny Smith Apples. United States Department of Agriculture, Januar 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7593394.bard.
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There is increased demand for high quality fruit produced and marketed with reduced chemical inputs to minimize toxic effects on human health and the environment. Granny Smith (GS) apple quality is reduced by two major physiological disorders, superficial scald and bitter pit (BP). These disorders cause great loss to apple growers worldwide. Superficial scald is commonly controlled by chemical treatments, mainly the antioxidant diphenylamine (DPA) and/or the ethylene action inhibitor, 1-methylcyclopropene (1–MCP). Both chemicals are ineffective in controlling bitter pit incidence. We proposed to investigate the beneficial use of non-chemical, abiotic stress with low O2 (LO2) applied for 10d at 20°C on GS apple fruit. During the project we expanded the treatment to more apple cultivars, Golden Delicious (GD) and Starking Delicious (SD) and another pome fruit, the pear. Apple and pear have similar physiological disorders that develop during cold storage and we examined if the LO2 treatment would also be effective on pear. Application of 0.5% LO2 atmosphere for 10d at 20°C or 500ppb 1-MCP at 20°C prior to cold storage at 0°C, was effective in reducing superficial scald in GS apple. Moreover, LO2 pretreatment was also effective in reducing bitter pit (BP) development in California GS and Israeli GD and SD apples The BP symptoms in GS from California were much more prominent, so the effect of LO2 was more dramatic than the effect on the Israeli cvs. GD and SD, nevertheless the LO2 treatment showed the same trend in all cultivars in reducing BP. The LO2 and 1-MCP -treated fruit exhibited lower levels of ethylene, - farnesene and its oxidation product, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (MHO), as determined by SPME/GC-MS analysis. In addition, LO2 pretreatment applied to California Bartlett or Israeli Spadona pears was effective in reducing superficial scald, senescent scald and internal breakdown after 4 m of cold storage at 0°C. For GS apple, low-temperature storage resulted in oxidative stress and chilling injury, caused by increased production of superoxide anions which in turn led to the generation of other dangerous reactive oxygen species (ROS). Using confocal laser-scanning microscopy and H2O2 measurements of apple peel, we observed ROS accumulation in control fruit, while negligible amounts were found in LO2 and 1-MCP treated fruit. Gene-expression levels of ROS-scavenging enzymes were induced by the various pretreatments: catalase was induced by LO2 treatment, whereas Mn superoxide dismutase was induced by 1-MCP treatment. We assume that LO2 and 1-MCP pretreated fruit remained healthier due to reduced production of ethylene and reactive oxygen substances, such as MHO, during cold storage. The LO2-treated apple exhibited greener peel and firmer fruit after 6 m of cold storage, and the fruit had high crispiness leading to high taste preference. In both pear cultivars, the LO2 treatment led to a reduction in internal breakdown and browning around the seed cavity. We tested the LO2 pre-storage treatment on a semi-commercial scale that would be applicable to a small organic grower by sealing the fruit within the plastic field bins. The treatment was most effective with a continuous flow of nitrogen through the bins; however, a single 6 hour flush of nitrogen was also fairly effective. In addition, we determined that it was very important to have the oxygen levels below 0.5% for approximately 10 days to achieve good scald control, not counting the time required to reduce the oxygen concentration. Our LO2 technology has been proven in this project to be effective in reducing several physiological disorders developed in pome fruit during cold storage. We hope that our non-chemical treatment which is friendly to the environment will be used in the near future for the organic apple and pear industry. The next step should be an analysis of the cost-benefits and commercial feasibility.
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Valencia Trujillo, Francis Liliana, und Juliana Isabel Carvajal Tapia. Análisis sobre la incidencia de harina de sacha inchi (plukenetia volubilis l.) en los parámetros productivos de pollos de engorde en el departamento del cauca. Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/ecapma.6168.
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Contextualización: el sector agroindustrial genera diversos subproductos que pueden ser contaminantes del medio ambiente por su inadecuada disposición o simplemente porque no son aprovechados, como es el caso de la extracción de aceite de alta calidad para lo que se utiliza la semilla de Sacha Inchi. En este proceso se genera como subproducto torta de Sacha Inchi, caracterizada por su contenido proteico, que posiblemente pueda sustituir otras fuentes proteínicas utilizadas en la alimentación animal y, por ende, generar más alternativas para la alimentación de estos. Objetivo principal: evaluar la inclusión de torta de Sacha Inchi en la alimentación de pollos de engorde de la raza Cobb 500 con el fin determinar cómo afecta esta inserción los parámetros productivos, tales como ganancia de peso, consumo de alimento, conversión alimenticia (CA). Vacío de investigación: se realizó la pregunta de investigación ¿es la torta de Sacha Inchi una opción viable para suplementar las dietas para pollos? El motivo por el que se planteó este interrogante es que el incremento en el costo de la elaboración del alimento para la producción avícola ha obligado a los productores a utilizar alternativas propias de la zona caucana para disminuir dichos costos, como los subproductos de la industria de Sacha Inchi [Plukenetia volubilis L.]. Metodología: el estudio se realizó en el municipio de Popayán, departamento del Cauca. Se realizó un estudio de tipo analítico-cuantitativo, con un diseño completamente al azar, para evaluar los efectos de incluir torta de sacha Inchi [plukenetia volubis L.] en la dieta de pollos de engorde de la línea Cobb 500. En el primer ensayo se evaluaron los efectos de 4 tratamientos con diferentes niveles de inclusión de torta de Sacha Inchi [0 %, 10 %,20 % y 30 %] en pollos en etapa de iniciación durante doce [12] días. Y en el segundo ensayo se evaluaron 3 tratamientos con diferentes niveles de inclusión de torta de Sacha Inchi [0 %, 5 %,10 %] en pollos en etapa de finalización durante veintiún [21] días. Para cumplir con el objetivo propuesto, se analizaron los siguientes parámetros productivos: consumo de alimento, ganancia de peso y conversión alimenticia. Utilizando estadística descriptiva, en la etapa de iniciación, se observa que a medida que aumenta el porcentaje de inclusión de torta de Sacha Inchi, disminuye el consumo del alimento. La inapetencia marcada en estas dietas se debe a la presencia de factores antinutricionales en la proteína, principalmente expresados por los taninos de esta. En la etapa de finalización, para contrarrestar el efecto de los factores antinutricionales, se realizó un horneado de la harina a 102 C° por veinte minutos y se observó un mejoramiento significativo en la apetencia, en relación con la etapa de iniciación. En cuanto a la ganancia de peso, se determinó que, en ambos ensayos, a medida que se incrementa la inclusión de torta de Sacha Inchi (TSI)], la ganancia de peso disminuye; siendo más notoria la disminución en la ganancia de peso en la etapa de finalización. En cuanto a la conversión alimenticia, en la etapa de iniciación, se infiere que a medida que se incrementa el porcentaje de inclusión de TSI, aumenta la conversión alimenticia; de igual forma en la etapa de finalización. Resultados. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron identificar que la inclusión porcentual de Torta de Sacha Inchi hasta en un 10 %, prehorneada y sin hornear] en etapas de iniciación y finalización de pollos de engorde, no presenta índices de mortalidad; la inclusión de la torta en niveles de más de 10 % sí afecta negativamente los parámetros productivos evaluados. En los dos ensayos, al hornear las tortas de Sacha Inchi se presenta una reducción de los taninos que causan inapetencia en los pollos, pero no es total. Conclusiones. Se deben plantear investigaciones futuras que analicen el aprovechamiento de la torta de Sacha Inchi en otras especies de interés pecuario, específicamente en especies poligástricas, teniendo en cuenta la posibilidad de que estas especies sí puedan tener una mejor asimilación del complejo proteico presente en la planta de Sacha Inchi [plukenetia volubis L.].
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Wideman, Jr., Robert F., Nicholas B. Anthony, Avigdor Cahaner, Alan Shlosberg, Michel Bellaiche und William B. Roush. Integrated Approach to Evaluating Inherited Predictors of Resistance to Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome (Ascites) in Fast Growing Broiler Chickens. United States Department of Agriculture, Dezember 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575287.bard.
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Background PHS (pulmonary hypertension syndrome, ascites syndrome) is a serious cause of loss in the broiler industry, and is a prime example of an undesirable side effect of successful genetic development that may be deleteriously manifested by factors in the environment of growing broilers. Basically, continuous and pinpointed selection for rapid growth in broilers has led to higher oxygen demand and consequently to more frequent manifestation of an inherent potential cardiopulmonary incapability to sufficiently oxygenate the arterial blood. The multifaceted causes and modifiers of PHS make research into finding solutions to the syndrome a complex and multi threaded challenge. This research used several directions to better understand the development of PHS and to probe possible means of achieving a goal of monitoring and increasing resistance to the syndrome. Research Objectives (1) To evaluate the growth dynamics of individuals within breeding stocks and their correlation with individual susceptibility or resistance to PHS; (2) To compile data on diagnostic indices found in this work to be predictive for PHS, during exposure to experimental protocols known to trigger PHS; (3) To conduct detailed physiological evaluations of cardiopulmonary function in broilers; (4) To compile data on growth dynamics and other diagnostic indices in existing lines selected for susceptibility or resistance to PHS; (5) To integrate growth dynamics and other diagnostic data within appropriate statistical procedures to provide geneticists with predictive indices that characterize resistance or susceptibility to PHS. Revisions In the first year, the US team acquired the costly Peckode weigh platform / individual bird I.D. system that was to provide the continuous (several times each day), automated weighing of birds, for a comprehensive monitoring of growth dynamics. However, data generated were found to be inaccurate and irreproducible, so making its use implausible. Henceforth, weighing was manual, this highly labor intensive work precluding some of the original objectives of using such a strategy of growth dynamics in selection procedures involving thousands of birds. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements 1. Healthy broilers were found to have greater oscillations in growth velocity and acceleration than PHS susceptible birds. This proved the scientific validity of our original hypothesis that such differences occur. 2. Growth rate in the first week is higher in PHS-susceptible than in PHS-resistant chicks. Artificial neural network accurately distinguished differences between the two groups based on growth patterns in this period. 3. In the US, the unilateral pulmonary occlusion technique was used in collaboration with a major broiler breeding company to create a commercial broiler line that is highly resistant to PHS induced by fast growth and low ambient temperatures. 4. In Israel, lines were obtained by genetic selection on PHS mortality after cold exposure in a dam-line population comprising of 85 sire families. The wide range of PHS incidence per family (0-50%), high heritability (about 0.6), and the results in cold challenged progeny, suggested a highly effective and relatively easy means for selection for PHS resistance 5. The best minimally-invasive diagnostic indices for prediction of PHS resistance were found to be oximetry, hematocrit values, heart rate and electrocardiographic (ECG) lead II waves. Some differences in results were found between the US and Israeli teams, probably reflecting genetic differences in the broiler strains used in the two countries. For instance the US team found the S wave amplitude to predict PHS susceptibility well, whereas the Israeli team found the P wave amplitude to be a better valid predictor. 6. Comprehensive physiological studies further increased knowledge on the development of PHS cardiopulmonary characteristics of pre-ascitic birds, pulmonary arterial wedge pressures, hypotension/kidney response, pulmonary hemodynamic responses to vasoactive mediators were all examined in depth. Implications, scientific and agricultural Substantial progress has been made in understanding the genetic and environmental factors involved in PHS, and their interaction. The two teams each successfully developed different selection programs, by surgical means and by divergent selection under cold challenge. Monitoring of the progress and success of the programs was done be using the in-depth estimations that this research engendered on the reliability and value of non-invasive predictive parameters. These findings helped corroborate the validity of practical means to improve PHT resistance by research-based programs of selection.