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Trejbal, Michal. "Principy štíhlé logistiky v logistickém řetězci nového modelu firmy Škoda." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-5387.
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Graduation theses is dealing New logistic concept, which is in these days implemented in concern Volkswagen. Author, employee of Škoda company, describes New logistic concept at all in its five moduls and he is evaluating its principles with the modernest logistic theory. In practical part he analyses factuality of concrete Milkrun establishing in order of New logistic concept principles. Work results with confirmation of funcionality of new principles through concrete exam of Milkrun. It containes also common recomendation for successful realisation the whole concept.
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Franzén, Marcus, and Patrik Råsberg. "Internal charging of logistic services at OEM Automatic." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-120092.
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OEM Automatic utför logistiktjänster åt enheter inom OEM-koncernen. För att debitera enheterna för de logistiktjänster som utförs används en kostnadsmodell. I dagsläget finns ett flertal problem med kostnadsmodellen som ger upphov till en missvisande debitering. I examensarbetet har därför en utredning gjorts för hur kostnadsmodellen kan utvecklas för att OEM Automatic ska kunna skapa en mer rättvisande debitering. Tre utvecklingsdelar för kostnadsmodellen har identifierats, vilka är debitering av fasta lagerhållningskostnader, en djupare kategorisering samt debitering av en fast orderkostnad. Implementering av de tre utvecklingsdelarna ger en ny kostnadsmodell med tre kostnadsposter och tre kostnadsdrivare där kostnader för att lagra och hantera artiklar synliggörs. Tänkbara effekter av en utvecklad kostnadsmodell är en ökad transparens och således mer rättvisande debitering av enheterna. Dessutom ger det upphov till att diskussioner kan föras mellan enheterna och OEM Automatic gällande hur lagerverksamheten bedrivs samt att beslut kan fattas på mer detaljerade grunder, vilket kan gynna hela koncernens resultat.
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Millegård, Jessica, and Sven Kurzbach. "Internal logistics : Optimizing the flow of goods with milk runs." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10116.
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In today's world the challenge of logistics becomes more and more important for all companies, which consequently contributes to the need of an integrated system of in-house logistics. Goods must flow easily between stations and departments in order to achieve the best utilization of transportation as well as maintaining a good distribution structure to handle these processes in an efficient and effective way to enhance business performance and competitiveness. This report aims to provide research on how to strategically organize, plan and structure the flow of internal logistics within an organization. The research in this study originates from 3 main methods, a theoretical review, a case study and a benchmark. The main idea of the thesis was to contribute with scientific knowledge of improvements that can be achieved within internal logistics targeting companies operating within the service sector. In order to understand the scope of the problem the current state at the case Tropical Islands was analysed and served to identify areas where possible improvements could be achieved. Further on, in combination with the theory and empirical findings the main conclusions of the thesis was the need to strategically organize the flow of internal logistics to improve efficiency and enhance competitiveness. It was made evident that planning is essential in order to successfully implement the milk runs. Other tools could be utilized to further eliminate drawbacks that might occur.
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Garrido, João Carlos Fernandes. "Como a metodologia LEAN contribui para a melhoria dos indicadores de gestão logísticos internos." Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal.Escola Superior de Ciências Empresariais, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/17911.
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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de
Mestre em Ciências Empresariais - Ramo de Gestão Logística<br>O aumento de competitividade das organizações passa, necessariamente, pela otimização dos seus recursos em todas as áreas funcionais.
Com este sentido, os indicadores de gestão logística, que refletem o nível de desempenho das operações logísticas nos vários setores de uma organização, são normalmente utilizados como informações estratégicas privilegiadas de gestão.
No presente trabalho é pretendido apresentar um estudo sobre os contributos da aplicação da metodologia Lean e respetivas ferramentas para a melhoria dos processos logísticos internos e, consequentemente, com reflexo na melhoria dos respetivos Indicadores de Gestão Logística.
Após se proceder a uma revisão bibliográfica sobre os temas associados à filosofia Lean e das respetivas ferramentas associadas, bem como aos Indicadores de Gestão Logística, por dedução do autor e validado por quadros de organizações onde as práticas estão devidamente implementadas, será analisado em detalhe o impacto da utilização desta filosofia na melhoria dos Indicadores de gestão logísticos internos.<br>The increased competitiveness of organizations necessarily involves the optimization of its resources in all functional areas.
With this sense, logistics management indicators, which reflect the level of performance of logistics operations in the various sectors of an organization, are commonly used as privileged strategic information management.
In the present study is intended to present a study on the application of the contributions of Lean methodology and corresponding tools to improve internal logistics processes and, consequently, reflecting the improvement of the respective Logistics Management Indicators.
After carrying out a review on the issues associated with the Lean philosophy and the respective associated tools, as well the Logistics Management Indicators, by deduction of the author and validated by staff of organizations where practices are properly implemented, will be analyzed in detail the impact of using this philosophy in the improvement of internal logistics management indicators.
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Štěrba, Martin. "Návrh optimálního zásobovacího procesu pro nové projekty." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229492.
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This study is concerned with analysis and proposal of optimization of internal supply process for a specific assembly line in Automotive Lighting s.r.o. company, which deals with production of headlamps for automotive. The second chapter describes internal material flow and analysis problem of the inventory space layout view and the consumption and move of inventory in continuity with production process. Suggestion part of this thesis implements the lean logistics tools, which is described in first theoretic part. In sequential steps is make up the complex proposal of optimal supply process.
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Öqvist, Jens, and Kristoffer Jonason. "Interna processer : Modell för ett effektivt returstålsflöde." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-13106.
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The last decade has created an increasing pressure on companies to decrease their impact on the environment and to increase their effectiveness of recycling the company’s resources, especially for the steel industry. Companies have also started to realize the economic aspects of an effective internal reverse logistics. In the past the value of an effective internal reverse logistic was something that companies tend to underestimate and there are few academic studies done in this area. The purpose of this essay has been to identify key factors to create an effective in plant storage, transport, sorting and handling of returned steel. From these factors a generalized model for creating an effective return steel flow will be developed. The model will then be adjusted to fit a case company, which in this case is Sandvik Materials Technology (SMT) on Sandvik. The purpose is answered by detailed studies of the literature in the subject combined with interviews and observations on SMT. Through this the key factors have been identified and a model has been developed. The factors that were seen as most crucial were sorting, tied up capital, transport cost and handling cost. These factors have a strong connection between each other and it is important to strike a balance. By the investigation carried out on SMT it is clear that sorting is the essential factor on the case company, and have the biggest impact on the effectiveness of the returned steel flow. Without functioning sorting there will be a large increase in the quality defect costs. Another factor that was considered important is the number of storage places, where a decrease in the storage places would reduce the tied up capital.
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Capsa, Daniela. "How Complete is the Swespine Register?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statistiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-256601.
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In this paper we seek to answer the following question: How complete is the Swespineregister? In order to answer this question we believe that in a register that has the ambitionto follow-up patients throughout a specified period of time, two types of completeness haveto be defined: external and internal completeness. In our opinion, the correct assessment ofa register’s level of completeness, results in an increase in its credibility, revealing whetherthe register has met its desired level of quality.By defining the register’s target population we came to the conclusion that the methodused by Swespine to calculate external completeness yielded misleading results. We definedanother method of assessing external completeness and concluded that our questioncannot be answered.We have also found an appropriate way to calculate the register’s internal completenesslevel. Since the internal completeness decreases as the follow-up period increases, wesought to discover which groups of patients are more likely to respond to the follow-upquestionnaire. For this a Logistic Regression Method was applied.
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Kowalski, Bent, and Jonas Jäderén. "Effektivisering av godsflöden i icke-tillverkande verksamheter : En fallstudie på DB Schenker." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-35758.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how an efficient freight flow and a surface utilization of a warehouse layout can be achieved in non-manufacturing third party logistics companies. In addition to that the aim is to provide an analysis of how logistics costs are affected by existing wastes. Based on this three research questions have been formulated: 1. What factors are decisive for how efficient a freight flow can be in a nonmanufacturing business? 2. How can the layout of a terminal be streamlined based on prioritizations of freight? 3. What logistics costs arise in a non-manufacturing business and how can these be linked to specific processes and activities? Methodology: In order to answer the study´s research questions and fulfill the purpose a case study and a literature review were used as the method. Identification of waste, layout prioritization and logistics costs are the investigated areas in the literature review. The case study was conducted at a company where interviews, observations and data collection have taken place in order to answer the research questions and provide a clear picture of the problem area. The collected data is subsequently analyzed against the processed theory in the selected areas. Findings: By applying the processed theory several wastes have been identified which underpin potential improvements. Among others the layout prioritization and the retrieval process of the case company have been identified as wastes and focused on in this study. The layout prioritizations have resulted in two restructured layout proposals in which the case company´s delivery destinations were relocated based on factors such as physical proximity and zone division. Through the proposal the efficiency of the internal freight flow of the case company can be increased and thereby cost and complexity be reduced. The retrieval process has been analyzed with the aim to identify all the affected activities and processes. By doing this each activity can be linked to the arising logistics cost. The result of this part of the study is an established calculation of the cost generated by the retrieval process. Recommendations: For further studies in the selected area, an extended analysis of the entire freight flow from vendor to end customer is recommended to provide a deeper understanding of the entire work process. Also further studies in the logistics costs area in a non-manufacturing business is recommended.<br>Syfte: Studiens syfte är att studera hur ett effektivt godsflöde och ett ökat ytutnyttjande av lagerlayouten i en icke-producerande tredjepartslogistiks verksamhet kan uppnås. Dessutom är målet att ge en analys av hur logistikkostnader påverkas av slöseri. Baserad på detta har tre forskningsfrågor formulerats: 1. Vilka faktorer är avgörande för hur effektivt ett godsflöde i en icke-tillverkande verksamhet kan vara? 2. Hur kan layouten i en terminal effektiviseras baserat på prioritering av gods? 3. Vilka logistikkostnader uppstår i en icke-tillverkande verksamhet och hur kan dessa kopplas till specifika processer och aktiviteter? Metod och genomförande: För att kunna besvara studiens forskningsfrågor och uppfylla studiens syfte användes en fallstudie och en litteraturstudie som metod. Till litteraturstudien har teori inom områdena identifiering av slöseri, layoutprioriteringar och logistikkostnader studerats. En fallstudie hos ett fallföretag genomfördes där intervjuer, observationer och insamling av data har skett för att kunna besvara studiens forskningsfrågor och ge en tydlig bild av problemområdet. Den insamlade datan analyseras senare mot vad den befintliga teorin säger inom området. Studiens resultat: Genom tillämpning av den behandlade teorin har slöseri kunnat identifieras vilket ligger till grund för potentiella förbättringar. Bland annat har layoutprioriteringen och återtagsprocessen hos fallföretaget identifierats som slöseri och fokuserats på i studien. Layoutprioritering har resulterat i ett framtagande av förbättringsförslag där fallföretagets leveransdestinationer omsorterats baserad på faktorer som fysisk närhet och zonindelning. Genom förslagen kan effektiviteten av det interna godsflödet på fallföretags terminal ökas och därmed kostnader och komplexitet minskas. Återtagsprocessen har analyserats med mål att identifiera alla aktiviteter och processer som inverkar. Detta med mål att kunna analysera varje aktivitet och sedan kunna göra en koppling till kostnaderna som uppstår. Genom detta har en beräkning av logistikkostnaderna för återtagsprocessen etablerats i studien. Rekommendationer: För vidare studier inom det valda området rekommenderas en utvidgad analys av hela godsflödet från försäljare till slutkunden för att ge en ännu djupare förståelse av arbetsprocesserna. Även en fördjupning av de logistikkostnader bundna till en icke- tillverkande verksamhet rekommenderas som ett område att studera vidare.
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Marques, Heidy Laura Rodrigues. "Análise e avaliação do desempenho do serviço logístico ao cliente interno da empresa “ABC”." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3481.
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Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia Industrial<br>Analisar o desempenho da logística tornou-se uma prioridade. O serviço logístico ao cliente é uma parte da oferta total do serviço da empresa e pode ser aproveitado para criar valor, vantagem competitiva, satisfação ao cliente e aumentar a quota de mercado. A empresa "ABC" considerou importante avaliar o serviço logístico que prestou às suas filiais no ano 2009 e determinar o que elas consideram mais importante nesse serviço. Para a obtenção dos dados necessários, recorreu-se a um questionário enviado a todas as filiais da empresa, constatando-se, através da análise dos mesmos, que em geral o nível de serviço oferecido aos clientes internos durante o ano 2009 foi satisfatório. Resultou também que os dois factores mais importantes para as filias da empresa "ABC" no momento de avaliar o serviço logistico são a qualidade do pedido (produto) e o processo de encomenda. No entanto, existem também outros factores que as filiais consideram importantes e aos quais a empresa deve prestar especial atenção, nomeadamente as quantidades entregues do pedido e a qualidade da informação. Finalmente, e baseado nos resultados do inquérito, o presente projecto propõe algumas melhorias para optimizar o serviço logístico da empresa ABC.<br>Analysis of the logistics performance has become a priority. The logistic service is part of the total service of a Company and might be used to create value, gain competitive advantage, increase customer satisfaction and market share. The Company "ABC" considered important to evaluate the logistic service provided in 2009 to their subsidiaries, and also to know what they consider most important in that service. To obtain the necessary data, a questionnaire was sent to all the company's subsidiaries, and after analyzing the results, it was concluded that in general the logistic service level offered to the customers during 2009 was satisfactory, and that customers considered "Order Quality" and "The Ordering Procedure" the two most important factors when analyzing the logistic service. However, there were other factors that Company "ABC" must consider to improve the service quality, in particular the "Ordering Release Quantity" and the "Information Quality". Finally, and based on these findings, the present project proposes some actions in order to optimize the logistic service level of Company ABC.
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Hovstam, Anton, and Nils Brante. "Effektivisering av interna transporter : En kvalitativ fallstudie på ATA Timber AB, Moheda." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för maskinteknik (MT), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105329.
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Logistics is a cornerstone of society and a requirement for industries. The performance in logistics and transports within industries reflects on how the world economy looks today. Distributing materials inefficiently can be costly and is therefore a parameter that cannot be ignored. One problem with reaching efficiency in internal transports is knowing which KPIs are relevant, how these KPIs should be measured and how a possible improvement should be implemented. A case study has been conducted at ATA Timber in Moheda as they have identified deficiencies in their internal transports. The transport vehicle the study focuses on are counterbalanced trucks. The deficiencies consist of a low degree of utilization and long transport distances, which in the long run contribute to unnecessarily high traffic at the facility in Moheda. One solution to reduce the long transport distances was to implement a truck whose sole purpose was to drive the longest route repetitively and see how it affected the regular traffic in mileage and utilization rate. Testing of the truck resulted in a lower mileage but also a reduced utilization rate. To ensure an efficient internal transport at ATA Timber's facility in Moheda, a template was produced that forms the basis for a structured approach to further improvements within internal transports.<br>Logistik är en grundpelare för samhället och ett krav för funktionella industrier. Utveckling av logistik och transport sker kontinuerligt och resultatet av detta speglar en stor del av hur världsekonomin ser ut idag. Att distribuera material ineffektivt kan bli kostsamt och är därför en parameter som inte kan bortses ifrån. En del av problematiken i att effektivisera interna transporter är att veta vilka nyckeltal som är relevanta, hur dessa nyckeltal ska mätas och hur en eventuell förbättring ska implementeras. En fallstudie har utförts på ATA Timber i Moheda då de har identifierat brister inom dess interna transport. Den interna transporten som studien syftar till är motviktstruckar. Bristerna utgörs av låg utnyttjandegrad och långa transportsträckor som i förlängningen bidrar till en onödigt hög trafik på anläggningen i Moheda. En lösning på att minska de långa transportsträckorna var att implementera en truck vars enda syfte var att köra en dedikerad rutt repetitivt och se hur denna förbättring påverkade den ordinarie trafiken i körsträcka och utnyttjandegrad. Testning av trucken resulterade i en mindre körsträcka men även en minskad utnyttjandegrad. För att säkerställa en mer effektiv interntransport på ATA Timbers anläggning i Moheda skapades en metod som ligger till grund för ett strukturerat arbetssätt i vidare förbättringar av den interna transporten.
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Fors, Robert. "Optimering av interna materialflöden i små och medelstora företag (SME)." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-35818.
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Syfte: Forskningsstudiens syfte är att göra en nulägesstudie av ett små eller medelstort företags (SME) produktionslayout med avseende på de interna materialflödena. För att kunna besvara studiens syfte har följande frågeställningar formulerats. Hur ser företagets nuvarande produktionsprocess och layout ut? Vilka förändringar kan göras i layouten för att uppnå ett mer effektivt materialflöde? Hur påverkas materialflödet av den nya layouten? Metod och genomförande: En litteraturstudie har genomförts parallellt med en fallstudie för att besvara frågeställningarna. Litteraturstudien bygger på teorier och modeller inom området materialflöden och hur dem bör hanteras och utformas. Även hur en ny layout bör planeras. Fallstudien bygger på en processkartläggning, flödeskartor för produkt- och materialflöden och en relationsmatris där kopplingar mellan alla processaktiviteter undersökts. Datainsamlingen från fallföretaget har sedan analyserats med stöd från litteraturstudien. Studiens resultat: Flera problem och risker som påverkar produkt- och materialflöden negativt har kunnat identifieras och ligger till grund för det nya layoutförslaget. För många monteringsplatser på flera avdelningar gör att utrymmesbrist är ett problem i den nuvarande layouten. Lång väg från monteringsstationerna till lagret utgör också ett problem i det dagliga arbetet då det bidrar till ineffektivitet och lågt resursutnyttjande av maskiner och verktyg. En viss problematik finns även i att hantera lagrat material då fyllnadsgraden i lagret är hög. Även en del flaskhalsar förekommer på olika ställen i produktionen. Med bakgrund av litteraturstudien och resultatet från fallstudien har ett förslag på en ny layout föreslagits. Förslaget bygger på rätt utformning av produktionsupplägget, produkternas produktionsvolymer, reducering av slöseri i form av materialhantering och tid, och slutligen hur relationen mellan de olika processtegen förhåller sig. Implikationer: Forskningsstudiens syfte har uppnåtts genom att studiens frågeställningar besvarats. Genom att problem och risker i den nuvarande layouten identifierats har en ny layout kunnat föreslås med stöd av litteraturstudien. Rekommendationer: Fler verksamheter inom samma tillverkningsområde med liknande problem bör studeras vidare för att öka studiens bredd och vetenskapliga värde. Nyckelord: Layout, Planning, Production, Manufacturing systems, Facility, Warehouse, Efficiency och Lean.
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Jakobsson, Christian. "EFFEKTIVISERING AV INTERNA PROVFLÖDEN INOM LABORATORIEVERKSAMHETEN : EFFICIENCY OFF INTERNAL SAMPLEFLOWS IN LABORATORY OPERATIONS." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Industriell organisation och produktion, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-28755.
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Background: Laboratories in Sweden have a big challenge when Sweden is a wide country and big parts is sparsely populated and many samples have limited durability. At same time as laboratories is a sensitive branch with high demands on time and quality which makes a functional internal and external logistic important. Purpose: The purpose is to increase the understanding of internal sample flows for companies who works with sample analysis, by analyse sample flows in companies that is analysing samples, from a logistic perspective. To answer the purpose, two research questions are formulated: · What limitations can be identified in internal sample flows from delivery to analyses done for companies working with analyses of samples? · How can limitations in internal sample flows be handled from delivery to analyses done for companies working with analyses of samples? Method: A case study has been made on Eurofins laboratory in Lidköping where data has been collected by interview studies and observations. Result: By the logistic perspective several possibilities to increase the efficiency have been found. By logistic tools proposals have been made how those hindrances can be handled. Those possibilities to increase the efficiency is: Consolidation activities Failsafe Standardizations Overlook unload/loading of trucks Make the sample flow even during the week Conclusions: In this study have the writer made several recommendations for companies that is working with analysing samples. But it is important to consider that those recommendations are case-specific, but if same conditions occur is the result possibly to generalize.
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Ghaffari, Faezeh, and Arash Mozafari. "Improvements in Internal Logistics : A Case Study at SSAB Oxelösund - Logistics Development Department." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Produktionsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-158068.
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Internal logistics is a combined performance of human resources, machines, transportation, and storage system. Thus, different elements and factors are involved in the internal transportation such as human factors and system functions. Moreover, Internal transportation is an important part of production activities because of its close cooperation with production processes. Since the largest portion of the logistics costs is related to transportation, improvements in transportation will lead to a significant increase in profits. The purpose of this thesis is to make improvements in the internal transportation of SSAB. Improvements here means identifying involved wastes in internal transportation, then give recommendations and suggestions to eliminate those wastes. This is a single case study at SSAB Oxelösund. SSAB stands for Svenskt Stål AB formed in 1978 and is well-known because of its special steel products. This company produces steel products for both standard and special orders and uses. All the underproduction plates have to go through a chain of operations to become the finished products. Different operation can be mentioned as cutting, painting, sorting, etc. Material movements in this chain of operations are done with the help of special cassettes and carriers. Cassettes are the main resources intheinternal transportation of SSAB and availability of empty cassettes plays a key role in the whole production process of the company. There are three departments that are involved with internal transportation at SSAB Oxelösund. Four research objectives are designed to cover the purpose of this study. In the following, several interviews and observations are done to collect the qualitative part of data gathering. The quantitative part of data collection is done with exporting data series from company’s database. Theoretical frame work ismainly based on Lean and logistics theories. Analysing the collected data and comparing the results with theoretical frame work lead to identifying the wastes in different areas related to defined research objectives. Different wastes are identified in carriers and drivers’ performances, treatment stations, etc. Therefore, specific recommendations are given based on the identified wastes in order to eliminate those wastes. The recommendations are presented to have faster and optimized material flow. Additionally, areas for further research and an Impact/Effort matrix are provided for future implementations and analysis.
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Holmgren, Anton, and Julia Karlsson. "INTERNAL LOGISTICS OF TENHULTSPRESSGJUTERI AB." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Maskinteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-27413.
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Tenhults Pressgjuteri AB is facing growth in expansion, which results in need of bigger premises. The company has bought an adjoining property to overcome this problem. This thesis givessuggestions on how the logistics of these properties should be managed, which transport system is most suitable to use, where deliveries will take place and how the stock will be set upin the new premises. To obtain relevant data and information have a description of the facts, measurements and calculations been made. Selections and ratings have been used to develop suitable alternative solutions. The payback-method has been used to calculate the investments. A specially designed evaluation chart forms the basis of which transport system to be used. Lastly, a sensivity analysishas been conducted to determine how reliable the results are. Deliveries and inventory have been determined based on the choice of transport system.The thesis shows that the choice of transport system depends on the volumes that are carried, distance and environmental conditions. The market offers both automated transport systems and systems that require a driver. The automated transport system willnot be profitable whenthe cargo volume is too small since the investment costs are significantly higher. However, the operating costs are low which makes it profitable with an increased cargo volume. Closer analysis of existing production flow could provide a more credibleresult. What also must be taken into account is thatthe costs is not preciseand may differ in reality. The costs are assumed to be so lifelike that they do not affect the result more than marginally.<br>Tenhults Pressgjuteri AB befinner sig i en expansionsfasoch är i behov av större lokaler. För att lösa dettahar företaget köpt upp en grannfastighet. Denna rapport ger förslag på hur logistiken mellan dessa fastigheter skall skötas,vilket transportsystem som är lämpligt att använda, var utleveranserskall ske,samt ett förslag på hurlager kan ställas uppi den nya fabriken. För att erhålla relevant data och information har nulägesbeskrivningar, mätningar och beräkningar gjorts. Urval och värderingar har använts för att ta fram lämpliga alternativ på lösningar. För att beräkna investeringskostnader har payback-metoden använts och ett specialframtaget värderingsschema ligger som grund för valet av transportsystem. Slutligen har en känslighetsanalys gjorts för att bestämma hur pålitligt resultatet är. Utleverans och lager har bestämts utifrån valet av transportsystem för att synkronisera på bästa sätt. Arbetet visar att val av transportsystem beror påvilka volymer som fraktas, avstånd och miljöförhållanden. Marknaden erbjuder både automatiserade transportsystem och system som kräver chaufför. I detta fall är fraktvolymen för litenför att ett automatiserat system skall vara lönsamt eftersominvesteringskostnaderna för ett sådant system är betydligt högre. Däremot är driftkostnaderna lågaför ett automatiserat systemoch vid en större fraktvolym sparas dessa driftkostnaderin då ingen bemanningskostnad tillkommer.Närmare undersökning av befintligt produktionsflöde kunde ge ett mer trovärdigt resultat då arbetet baseras på beräkningar från olika portar. Det som också skall tas i beaktande är att kostnaderna inte är exakta och kan komma att avvika i verkligheten. Kostnaderna antas dock vara så verklighetstrogna att de inte påverkar resultatet mer än marginellt.
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Erholm, Anton, and Isak Stigson. "Hur servicekvalitet kan utvärderas och förbättras i ett företags interna persontransporter : En fallstudie på Scania i Södertälje." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-138637.
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There are approximately 12 000 full-time employees at Scania in Södertälje working in a widespread area in many buildings. The transportation mode for about 70 percent of the employees is currently driving personal cars by themselves to and fram work as well as between buildings. This leads to traffic congestion, environmental impacts and diffculty finding parking space among other things. Scania currentyl operates internal passenger transports in the form of long-distance buses from Stockholm, as well as scheduled coaches and internal taxi in Södertälje. The transportation services in Södertälje are avaliable to all employees for free but despite this are used only by a small portion of the employees. This study assumes that a better design of the transportation system with higher level of service from a customer-perspective leads to a higher number of users and consequently fewer cars in the area. The purpose of the study was therefore to identify flaws in the service quality in the internal transportation system at Scania and analyse possible changes which will improve the quality of service for the users. The avaluation of service quality was done using an analysis model which was based on scientific theories regarding both passanger and goods transports. The analysis model describes the relations between factors affecting the transportation system. These are the flow of passangers which treats the needs of transportation and number of users within the system, the transportation services which treats the actual design of the system and resources required and lastly the quality of service which measures the level of service from a customer perspective. The quality of service is built up by two categories; avalibility and customer adaptation. Avaliability is the measure of how avaliable a transport is to customers considering their needs and is based on four factors; frequency, market reach, transportation time and hours of service. Customer adaptation is the measure of how attractive the internal transportation system at Scania is to the customers given that they are avaliable, and is measured in reliability to schedule and information. The evaluation of the quality of service for these six factors was done by comparing the level of service required by customers to the actual level provided. The flaws found were subsequently validated against an actual transportation need among the employees. The required levels of service and transportation needs were determined through nine interviews as well as a survey, which recieved 286 respondents, with employees at Scania in Södertälje. The analysis shows that all service factors except reliability to schedule exhibit flaws to some degree. However, the factors transportation time and frequency show the highest proportion. For transportation time the number of transfers is identified as the driving cause, whilst for frequency the irregularity between different time slots throughout the day is affecting the total value for the factor. Altogether the aggregated value of avaliability show that 84 percent of all routes between buildings and 68 percent of all transports that employees undertake are outside, and therefore lacking, necessary service levels in terms of avaliability. The analysis therefore show a significant potential of improvement for the transportation system at Scania and that changes can lead to improved quality of service. A palette for reform was created using the analysis model, which shows the relations between how a transportation system can be modified and those modifications effect on quality of service and resources. Using this model, possible changes which would increase the quality of service were analysed. The changes were categorized in terms of their effect on the quality of service and the usage of resources on a high level. A general conclusiong put forth in this study is that the internal transportation system at Scania is not completely alighed with the employees needs. Changes that would benefit the quality of service include an extension of service time, additional stops within the system and the introduction of a mobile application as a channel for information.
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Granlund, Anna. "Competitive Internal Logistics Systems through Automation." Licentiate thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-12246.
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The growing demand for products and services puts great pressure on logistics performance and enhances the role that logistics plays in determining a company’s competitiveness. This research focuses on internal logistics systems, which includes all logistics activities and processes within the physical limits of an isolated company. Internal logistics is vital for the overall function of many companies. However, despite its importance, this part of logistics has traditionally not been viewed or developed in a strategic way. Since internal logistics activities are often characterized by a high degree of manual handling and hence strongly affect the cost of operations, there is a large incentive for improvements in this area. One possible way to improve an internal logistics system is with the help of automation. In many areas, automation is a well-known means to increase productivity and cut costs, thus improving competitiveness. However, automation is not commonly used within internal logistics activities, and there is a lack of knowledge and research within this new application area. The main objective of this research, therefore, is to contribute to an increased understanding of how automation can be used to develop competitive internal logistics systems. Four empirical studies have been performed to investigate how companies perceive and work with their internal logistics systems, specifically in terms of improvements using automation. The empirical studies also aimed at identifying and describing how the studied companies could benefit from automation within internal logistics activities. From the studies, the importance of assessing and being aware of the current state of logistics performance was discovered as a basic requirement that needs to be fulfilled before conducting improvement work. Further, one of the main overall conclusions from this research is the need for a logistics strategy that includes goals and plans for the operation and development of an internal logistics system. As a result of the research, a structure and procedure for the development of a logistics strategy and a framework for conducting an improvement process in internal logistics using automation were developed.<br>Lean Automation
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Gustafsson, Marcus, and Robert Ferm. "Flödesanalys hos Anders Karhner AB." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Industrial Engineering and Management, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-409.
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<p>Denna rapport har utförts hos Anders Krahner AB i Skillingaryd som ingår i koncernen Proton Group AB. År 2005 omsatte Proton Group 920 mkr med 730 anställda medan Anders Krahner omsatte 160 mkr med 90 anställda. Anders Krahners kunder finns främst inom fordonsindustrin.</p><p>Syftet med rapporten är att studera om möjlighet finns att optimera produktionsflödet för två artiklar i befintliga lokaler. Genom att studera vad som påverkar genomloppstiden för artiklarna negativt kunna ge förslag på hur detta kan förbättras. Frågan är om detta kan ske i dagens lokaler eller är nybyggnation enda sättet att effektivisera produktionsflödet. Studien har skett från råvarulager till det att slutartikeln levereras till kund.</p><p>All data i rapporten är hämtad ur Anders Krahners MPS system och baseras på ett års underlag. Ur dessa data har genomsnittstiderna för processtider och lagertider beräknats. Likaså har de planerade tiderna för operationerna erhållits ur MPS systemet. För att få förståelse för materialflödet i produktionen har layoutflödesscheman skapats. Genom analys av dessa har de totala interntransportsträckorna beräknats.</p><p>I resultatet framgår det att de planerade operationstiderna stämmer väl överens med de verkliga tiderna. Detta visar på att operationerna fungerar väl ur ett tidsperspektiv, dock finns det vissa kvalitetsbrister. Det som påverkar genomloppstiden mest i negativ riktning är tiden för råvaru- och mellanlager. Ytterligare en bidragande orsak till den långa genomloppstiden är de komplicerade interntransporterna. Vidare orsaker till den komplexa interntransporten är att närhet mellan olika operationsmoment saknas idag. En del av de operationer som utförs för att färdigställa artiklarna sker på legoproduktion. Dessa tillverkningsmoment skapar en del av de komplicerade interntransporterna.</p><p>För att skapa närhet mellan de olika operationerna har nya layouter skapats i den befintliga lokalen. En del av de operationer som sker på outsourcing har tagits hem för att ske i egen regi. Detta för att erhålla större kontroll över det totala flödet och öka kvalitén. Den skillnad som uppstår mellan layouterna i den befintliga lokalen jämfört med ny anses vara små då det finns potential i den nuvarande.</p><br><p>This report has been performed at Anders Krahner AB in Skillingaryd which is a part of Proton Group AB. Year 2005 Proton Group had a turnover of 920 smkr with 730 employees while Anders Krahners turnover was 160 smkr with 90 employees. Anders Krahners customers are mostly within the automobile industry.</p><p>The aim of this report is to study the possibility to optimize the production flow for two articles in the existing premises. By studying the factors that have a negative impact on the throughput time give proposal of how this can overcome. The question is if this can be done in existing premises or if a new premise is required. The study has been made from raw material stock until the delivery of the end product to the customer.</p><p>All the facts have been required from Anders Krahners MPS system and are based on one year’s basis. The average time for the processes and the stock has been calculated from this data. The planed times for the operations has also been collected from their MPS system. To gain an understanding for the production a layout flowchart has been made. Throughout analysis of these the total internal transport stretch has been calculated.</p><p>It is shown in the result that the planed operation times equal the actual operation times quite well. This interpret that the operations works well out of a time perspective, but there is a lack of quality at the products. A thing that influences the throughput time negative is the time for raw material- and middle material stock. More reasons to the complex internal transport today are the lack of nearness between operations. A part of the operations that are made in the process in completing the articles are made external. These operations create some of the complicated internal logistics.</p><p>To create the wanted nearness between the operations new layouts have been created in the existing premises. Some of the operations that are made external before have been suggested to be made in house. Due to this a greater control over the entire flow is received and higher product quality. The main difference between the suggested layout in the existing premises and a new one is considered to be small.</p>
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Lemon, Jan. "Outsourcing interní logistiky výrobního podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76351.
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The thesis focuses on issues of internal logistics outsourcing of a production company. A concrete example is the cooperation of the logistics provider Dachser s.r.o. and the producer of escalators, moving walkways and elevators Otis Escalators s.r.o. The project is called ILO (Internal Logistics Outsourcing) project and is situated in Břeclav, Czech Republic. After the theoretical introduction follows description of both partners and their relationship. Then the diploma thesis focuses on the phases of the ILO project from its planning and execution to final logistic solution. Work evaluates all these phases and highlights most critical problems. Also suggests ways how to avoid these critical situations in the future and shows benefits of the current solution for the customer. Moreover, it contents optimization suggestions for present solution and recommendations for further development in the future. This text aims to be a guide for future clients considering the implementation of outsourcing and to be independent critique of the entire project for Dachser.
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Wentjärv, Erika. "Organisering av interna transporter inom tillverkningsindustrin : En fallstudie vid Gestamp Hardtech." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-64433.
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Within the world economy, the automobile industry is the largest industrial sector and has since a long time reached a level of overcapacity. The majority of components used in a vehicle is produced by subcontractors and the competition on the market is large. To survive on the market, the companies need to be competitive and often need to offer high quality products with low prices. There are a lot of methods to be more cost effective in an industrial environment and many companies’ choses to use the method Lean which focuses on minimizing waste. Internal transportation is one costs that does not increase the value of the product and is therefore seen as a waste. With this in mind it is important to optimize the internal transportations in order to lower the costs related to them. A case study has been performed at Gestamp Hardtech since they had identified shortcomings within their internal transportation. These are shortcomings such as low utilization of the forklifts and that the production is limited due to the fact that the drivers does not have time to perform their tasks on time. Further, Gestamp Hardtech also has a focus on reducing costs within their manufacturing which leads to their need to increase the utilization on the transportation and shortening the lead times. Having that in mind, the purpose of this study is to see how the utilization of the internal transportations can be increased and lead times can be reduced by an improved logistical organisation. The study is limited to studying the current logistical organisation at Gestamp Hardtech. Further, the study is also limited to current machine and stock positions. The study was started by illustrating the entire logistical organisation. That is, five different forklift areas in the factory. During the study the utilization of the frequently used forklifts were established. The utilization of the mainly used forklifts in the organization were around 50 percent of the total work-time and the utilization of the lesser used forklifts were lower then 10 percent. Further, the total time machines are forced to wait due to a forklift being late and how frequently tasks are performed together with how long time it takes to perform a task is established. To complement the data gathered from the case company two benchmarking studies were performed at two other manufacturing companies in the same branch. Analysis of the data collection showed that the forklift positions used ad the case company is based on geographical areas which are compressed. However, all of the forklift positions also includes trips which forces the driver to leave the main geographical area. Machines are forces to stand in order to wait for the forklifts but the utilization of the transportation is low. The fact that the drivers are leaving their main area does not conform with how the competitive companies organizes their internal transportation. These deviant routes also create a problem is one of the machines were to stop producing whilst the driver performed a task outside of the main area. Because of these two areas are combined and later divided into two new forklift positions. One of the forklifts are to handle the material which is connected to the machines and one forklift are to handle the material which is carried of the main area. In Gestamp Hardtechs case this is emptying scrap tubs, stock and package handling. In theory the forklift that are to handle the machines were to be utilized up to maximum 90 percent whilst the forklift handling deviating routes would be utilized to less than 50 percent. In reality, both of the forklifts would be utilized less than this which will enable for adding more tasks onto the deviating are. A suggestion is to ass other deviating routes from the other forklift positions or other types of scrap handling.<br>Inom världsekonomin är fordonsindustrin den största industriella sektorn och har sedan länge nått en nivå av överkapacitet. Majoriteten av de komponenter som används i ett fordon härstammar från underleverantörer och konkurrensen på marknaden är hög. För att överleva på marknaden krävs konkurrenskraft, ofta i form av låga priser och god kvalitet på produkten. Det finns många metoder för att kostnadsbespara i en industriell miljö och många företag väljer att använda sig av metoden Lean som fokuserar på att minimera slöseri i verksamheten. Interna transporter är en kostnad som inte ökar produktens värde och ses därför som ett slöseri. Av den anledningen är det viktigt att optimera och effektivisera för att kunna minska kostnader relaterade till interna transporter. En fallstudie har utförts vid Gestamp Hardtech eftersom de har identifierat brister inom deras interna transport. Detta är brister såsom låg utnyttjandegrad av truckarna samt att produktionen begränsas då truckförarna inte hinner utföra sina arbetsuppgifter i tid. Vidare har även Gestamp Hardtech stort fokus på kostnadsreduceringar i tillverkningen vilket leder till att de vill öka utnyttjandegraden maskinerna och minska ledtiderna. Av den anledningen var studiens syfte att utreda hur den interna transportens utnyttjandegrad kan ökas och ledtiden minskas med hjälp av en förbättrad truckorganisation. Studien avgränsades till att enbart studera den nuvarande truckorganisationen vid Gestamp Hardtech. Studien begränsas även till nuvarande lager- och maskinplaceringar i produktionen. Till en början studerades och illustrerades hela truckorganisationen, det vill säga fem olika truckområden i fabriken. Under studien fastställdes utnyttjandegraden på de maskiner som används frekvent. Utnyttjandegraden på de huvudsakliga truckarna i organisationen var ungefär 50 procent medan mindre belagda truckar hade en utnyttjandegrad på mindre än 10 procent. Vidare kontrollerades även den totala tiden maskiner står i väntan på truck samt arbetsuppgifternas frekvens tillsammans med tidsåtgången. Utöver detta utfördes även benchmarking vid två olika tillverkande företag för att fastställa hur de arbetar med truckorganisationer och truckpositioner. Analys av datainsamlingen visade att de truckpositioner fallföretaget använder baseras på ett begränsat geografisk område. Dock hanterar även samtliga positioner arbetsuppgifter som tvingar föraren att avvika från det huvudsakliga området. Maskiner står i väntan på att bli betjänade av truck trots att utnyttjandegraden på resurserna är låg. Att truckförarna avviker från sitt huvudsakliga geografiska område överensstämmer inte med hur konkurrenterna organiserar sina interna transporter. Dessa avvikande rutter skapar även problem ifall en maskin skulle stanna i väntan på betjäning när föraren är utanför det geografiska området. Av den anledningen slås två närliggande truckområden samman för att sedan bryta ut de körningar som avviker från området. En truck hanterar allt material direkt mot maskiner på området och en annan truck hanterar materialhanteringen som avviker från området. I Gestamp Hardtechs fall handlar det om lager- och emballagehantering samt tömning av skrotbyttor. I teorin skulle trucken som hanterar maskinområdet maximalt beläggas till 90 procent medan trucken som hanterar avvikande körningar skulle beläggas till mindre än 50 procent. I verkligheten skulle båda truckarnas utnyttjandegrad bli lägre vilket gör det fullt möjligt att i framtiden addera arbetsuppgifter till avvikande truckområdet. Förslagsvis addera avvikande transporter från övriga truckområden eller annan form av skrottömning.
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Fabri, Lima Marcelus. "Internal logistics optimization in the automotive industry." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668492.
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This thesis focus on internal logistics flows (ILF), which is defined as the flows of materials inside
the same business or the same plant. Precisely, this work approaches the ILF of SEAT, a company
in the Volkswagen group. So, a set of Operational Research or Business Analytics based methods is
presented. These methods contribute both to enrich the literature and provide useful techniques to
the industry. Those methods refer to new mathematical formulations, Iterated Local Search
metaheuristics, simulation models applications as well as a data set. So, the main purpose of this
work is providing suitable methods to face internal logistics routing problems in car-assembling
companies. Moreover, these methods were developed and applied considering the SEAT's
workshop and data. The results expose several opportunities that can improve the company's
logistics operations as well as reducing some operational costs. The study was presented to the
company's employees that found it interesting and appropriate.<br>Aquesta tesi es centra en els fluxos logístics interns (ILF), que es defineixen com els fluxos de
materials dins del mateix negoci o la mateixa planta. Precisament, aquest treball s’apropa a la ILF
de SEAT, una empresa del grup Volkswagen. Es presenta, per tant, un conjunt de mètodes basats en
la Recerca Operativa o en Business Analytics. Aquests mètodes contribueixen tant a enriquir la
literatura com a proporcionar tècniques útils per a la indústria. Aquests, es refereixen a noves
formulacions matemàtiques, metaheurística de cerca local iterada, aplicacions de models de
simulació i un conjunt de dades. L’objectiu principal d’aquest treball és proporcionar mètodes
adequats per afrontar els problemes de les rutes internes logístiques de les empreses fabricants de
vehicles. A més a més, s’han desenvolupat i aplicat aquests mètodes tenint en compte el treball i les
dades de SEAT. Els resultats presenten diverses oportunitats que poden millorar les operacions
logístiques de l’empresa, així com reduir alguns costos operatius. L’estudi es va presentar als
empleats de l’empresa que ho van trobar interessant i adequat.<br>Esta tesis se centra en los flujos logísticos internos (ILF), que se define como los flujos de
materiales dentro del mismo negocio o la misma planta. Precisamente, este trabajo considera los
ILF de SEAT, una compañía del grupo Volkswagen. Por lo tanto, se presentan un conjunto de
métodos basados en investigación operativa o Business Analytics. Estos métodos contribuyen tanto
a enriquecer la literatura como a proporcionar técnicas útiles para la industria. Éstos, se refieren a
nuevas formulaciones matemáticas, metaheurística de búsqueda local iterada, aplicaciones de
modelos de simulación y un conjunto de datos. Por lo tanto, el objetivo principal de este trabajo es
proporcionar métodos adecuados para hacer frente a los problemas de enrutamiento logístico
interno en las empresas de ensamblaje de automóviles. Además, estos métodos se desarrollaron y se
aplican teniendo en cuenta el trabajo y los datos de SEAT. Los resultados presentan varias
oportunidades que pueden mejorar las operaciones logísticas de la compañía, así como reducir
algunos costos operativos. El estudio fue presentado a los empleados de la compañía que lo
encontraron interesante y apropiado.
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Granlund, Anna. "Facilitating Automation Development in Internal Logistics Systems." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-23685.
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The internal logistics system includes all activities connected with managing the flow of materials within the physical limits of a facility. This system is an important part of operations in need of increased focus and continuous improvements. Automation is one possible tool with a previously confirmed great potential to improve internal logistics. Despite this great potential and a growing trend of using automation in the area, internal logistics activities are still not automated to the same extent as other parts of operations. The overall aim of this research is therefore to develop knowledge that supports the successful use of automation in internal logistics systems. The automation development process has been identified as critical for the success of the use of automation. With the overall aim of the research in mind, the objective of this thesis is to develop a framework facilitating the automation development process in internal logistics systems. To help fulfil the objective, empirical data have been collected through five case studies and a survey study. During the empirical studies, the process of improving the internal logistics system and the automation development process have been analysed and the focus has been on identifying challenges and facilitators for the successful use and development of automation in internal logistics systems. The findings indicate a poor awareness of both current and desired performance of the internal logistics system at the companies studied. In addition, automation development is often conducted in an unstructured and poorly supported manner and there is often insecurity regarding what steps and actions to take. Foremost, the findings indicate a poor base for proper evaluation and decisions during automation development in internal logistics systems. This is analysed and concluded as a cause of unclear goals and requirements and the lack of a strategic view with regard to both internal logistics operations and the use and development of automation. A framework, including proposed guidelines to overcome the observed challenges by including identified factors facilitating successful automation development in internal logistics systems has been developed. The core of the framework is a proposed process model for automation development in an internal logistics context. Due to the identified importance and the lack of a strategy linked to and supporting the automation development process, the framework also includes a proposed model for an internal logistics strategy as well as a proposed model for an automation strategy.<br>LEAD - Lean Automation Development
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Mäkinen, Emanuel, and Ellen Broström. "Competitive logistics management : Guidelines for handling logistical challenges in chain store warehouses." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10201.
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During the last decades, it has been brought to light that well organized logistics processes have contributed to competitive advantages for companies. Mio AB, a chain store warehouse and the second largest furniture company in Sweden, is operating in the middle of an expansion phase with growing revenue. As a consequence, larger volumes of goods are handled, space utilization become more scarce and the everyday operations within the internal logistics are affected. Therefore, the processes within the warehouse department were measured by performing a frequency study, registering how time was distributed between the different work tasks. In order to fully understand the processes, interviews were held with management and personnel. After analyzing previous research that could help guide to ease the impositions and analyzing the result of the frequency study, wastes were identified and new ways of working were suggested. The result firstly presents how to organize internal logistics operations in chain store warehouses to gain competitive advantage. Secondly, keeping in mind that firefighting stressed situations usually is not sustainable and only eases loads temporarily, long-term sustainability and ethics were addressed. Concluding that in order to optimize internal logistics operations in chain store warehouses and gain a long-term competitive advantage in a sustainable way, are achieved through standardizing work tasks, ensuring commitment of management and personnel and applying systems to serve the people and processes. Lastly it is advised to keep in mind the impact a company have on its surroundings and the importance of engaging in sustainable and ethically friendly operations, in order to achieve long-term competitive logistics.
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Sbidian, Émilie. "Evolution et facteurs pronostiques de la Neurofibromatose 1." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA11T064/document.
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La Neurofibromatose 1 (NF1) est une maladie autosomique dominante dont l’évolutivité est inconnue. En effet, ni le type de mutation du gène, la gravité d’éventuels cas familiaux, ni une première complication ne permettent de prédire le pronostic de la maladie. L’objectif général de ce travail de thèse était de cibler les malades les plus à risque de morbi-mortalité au cours de la NF1. Méthode. Les différents travaux se sont appuyés sur les données phénotypiques de patients NF1 suivis dans le Réseau NF-France labellisé par le ministère de la Santé. Il s’agit d’une filière nationale monothématique ayant pour mission la prise en charge des malades atteints de NF1. Une cohorte d’environ 2500 malades est actuellement suivie dans ce réseau. Résultats. La mortalité des patients NF1 a tout d’abord été comparée à celle de la population générale française par l’estimation du rapport de mortalité standardisée (SMR). Entre 1980 et 2006, 1 895 patients NF1 ont été rétrospectivement inclus dans la cohorte. Un excès de mortalité était observé chez les [10-20[ ans (SMR=5.2, IC95% : 2.6 – 9.3, p<10-4) et les [20-40[ ans (SMR=4.1, IC95% : 2.8 – 5.8, p<10-4). Les principales causes de décès étaient la transformation de neurofibromes internes en tumeurs malignes des gaines nerveuses (TMGN). Une étude cas témoins portant sur 208 patients NF1 a permis d’expliquer le risque de mortalité accru chez les patients présentant des neurofibromes sous cutanés (SC-NF) en confirmant en IRM la présence chez ces patients de neurofibromes internes à fort risque de transformation en TMGN (OR=4.3, IC95% : 2.2 – 8.2). Cet effet était d’autant plus marqué que le nombre de SC-NF était important et notamment au-delà d’un seuil de 10 (OR=82, IC95% : 10.4 – 647.9) et que les neurofibromes internes étaient diffus (OR=14.7, IC95% : 3.8 – 57.3) et de taille ≥ 3 cm (OR=6.3, IC95% : 2.3 – 17.4). Les patients présentant des SC-NF représentent 20 à 30% de la population NF1. Afin d’identifier les patients à risque de développer une TMGN, nous avons élaboré un score prédictif de la présence des neurofibromes internes à partir des caractéristiques phénotypiques des patients. La présence de SC-NF (OR=4.7, IC95% : 2.1 – 10.5), l’absence de neurofibromes cutanés (OR=2.6, IC95% : 0.9 – 7.5), un âge inférieur ou égal à 30 ans (OR=3.1, IC95% : 1.4 – 6.8) et moins de 6 tâches café au lait (OR=2, IC95% : 0.9 – 4.6) étaient les variables qui constituaient le NF1Score. Le NF1Score = 10*(âge ≤ 30 ans) + 10*(absence de neurofibromes cutanés) + 5*(moins de 6 tâches café-au-lait) + 15*(plus de 2 neurofibrome sous cutanés) avait une excellente adéquation (test C de Hosmer-Lemeshow=4,53 avec 7ddl, p>0,50) et une capacité discriminante satisfaisante (aire sous la courbe ROC non paramétrique = 0,75 [0,68-0,82]). Enfin, l’expression phénotypique variant au cours du temps chez un même patient nous avons réalisé une étude spécifique chez l’enfant. Ainsi, l’âge (OR=1.1, IC95% : 1.0 – 1.2), la présence de xanthogranulomes (OR=4.5, IC95% : 0.9 – 21.7), celle de neurofibromes sous cutanés et plexiformes (OR=5.0, IC95% : 1.8 – 13.6) étaient indépendamment associés à celle des neurofibromes internes chez l’enfant NF1 de moins de 17 ans. Dans cette dernière étude, les neurofibromes internes se développaient de façon exponentielle pendant l’adolescence et plus précocement chez les femmes en accord avec les données de la littérature. Conclusion. La période à risque de développer des neurofibromes internes semblent donc sesituer entre l’adolescence et l’âge de 30 ans. Les recommandations de suivi pourraient prendre en compte le phénotype à risque, mais également la période de survenue de ces complications en réévaluant l’intérêt dans ce contexte d’investigations complémentaires<br>Neurofibromatosis-1 (NF1) is a common autosomal dominant condition which is a source of various multisystemic manifestations related either to the accumulation of neurofibromas or to specific developmental abnormalities. There are no obvious factors that predict disease progression. Thus, the aim of our project was to characterize the phenotype of NF1 patients with a severe prognosis. Patients were identified among adults with NF-1 followed up in the Réseau NF-France. The Réseau NF-France is a French medical network devoted to neurofibromatosis 1. It has elaborated recommendations for the management of the disease and recommended a coordinated follow-up in specialized multidisciplinary centres. About 2 500 patients were enrolled. We first evaluated the mortality in a large retrospective cohort of NF1 patients. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated as the ratio of observed over expected numbers of deaths. Between 1980 and 2006, 1895 NF1 patients were seen. The excess mortality occurred among patients aged 10 to 20 years (SMR=5.2; CI, 2.6-9.3; P<10-4) and 20 to 40 years (SMR, 4.1; 2.8-5.8; P<10-4). The main cause of death was the malignant tumors of the nerve sheath (MPNSTs) developing from preexisting internal neurofibromas. Then, a case-control study including 208 patients with NF1 allowed us to explain the increased risk of mortality among NF1 patients harboring subcutaneous neurofibromas (SC-NF) by the presence of internal neurofibromas (NF) at risk of MPNSTs systematically investigated with imaging (MRI) (OR=4.3, IC95% : 2.2 – 8.2). The association with SC-NF was stronger for patients with ten or more SC-NFs (OR=82, IC95% : 10.4 – 647.9) and for diffuse (OR=14.7, IC95% : 3.8 – 57.3), and ≥ 3 cm (OR=6.3, IC95% : 2.3 – 17.4) internal neurofibromas. Patients with SC-NF constituted 20 to 30% of the NF1 population. So, to characterize patients at risk of developping MPNSTs, we developped and validated a clinical score for predicting internal neurofibromas in adults. Four variables were independently associated with internal neurofibromas: at least two subcutaneous neurofibromas (OR=4.7, IC95% : 2.1 – 10.5), age ≤30 years (OR=3.1, IC95% : 1.4 – 6.8), absence of cutaneous neurofibromas (OR=2.6, IC95% : 0.9 – 7.5), and fewer than six café-au-lait spots (OR=2, IC95% : 0.9 – 4.6). The NF1Score was computed as 10 . [age ≤30 years] + 10 • [absence of cutaneous neurofibromas] + 15 • [≥2 subcutaneous neurofibromas] + 5 • [<6 café-au-lait spots]). Calibration was excellent (Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic=4.53; degrees of freedom=7; P>0.5) and discrimination was good (AUC-ROC= 0.75; 95%CI, 0.7-0.8). Finally clinical expressivity is variable and manifestations of NF1 change at different times in an individual’s life. Consequently, a specific study was needed in pediatric patients. We identified easily recognizable clinical characteristics associated with internal neurofibromas in children with NF1. By multivariate analysis, age (OR=1.1, IC95% : 1.0 – 1.2), xanthogranulomas (OR=4.5, IC95% : 0.9 – 21.7), and presence of both subcutaneous and plexiform neurofibromas (OR=5.0, IC95% : 1.8 – 13.6) were independently associated with internal neurofibromas. Moreover internal neurofibromas increased during adolescence. Excess risk of developing internal neurofibromas seems to occur between the adolescence and the age of to 30 in NF1 patients. These clinical features in adults and children would define a new population at risk for complications that may need closer clinical and imaging follow-up
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Gruvman, Joakim, and Johan Andersson. "Produktionsrelaterad förändring för ett bättre logistiskt flöde med mänsklig hänsyn : En fallstudie på PEPAB Produktionspartner AB." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Industriell ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30208.
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Background: The business world is in constant change, which means that businesses must be able to adapt to these changes and constantly improve. The research field on how businesses should achieve a smart material supply is small, which emphasizes the importance of studying how a company can change its production layout to improve its internal logistics. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to increase the understanding of the production layout's importance for the material supply and the human aspect in production-related change work. Method: The study has used an abductive, exploratory approach to answer the purpose and the research questions. This means that studies of theories were done in parallel with studies of the empirical material at the case company PEPAB Produktionspartner AB. Theories from the literature and the empirical data have been analyzed and discussed in order to draw conclusions. Findings: The results are a description of the current internal material flow of four representative components and a description of employees´ attitude to change. By mapping the material flow, logistics flow factors and human related factors have been discovered. Theoretical contribution: When changing the production starting from the logistic factors waiting, unnecessary inventory, unnecessary manufacturing, defects, unnecessary transportations and improperly designed production layout a better logistical flow and better material supply can be achieved. Combining this with a well-planned preparatory work with related training can make a successful change. Practical contribution: This study contributes practically with a new production layout that enables a better logistical flow. It also emphasizes the importance of a well-thought-out and wellplanned preparatory work to maintain the staff´s sense of participation.<br>Bakgrund: Företagsvärlden är i konstant förändring vilket betyder att verksamheter måste anpassa sig till dessa förändringar och hela tiden förbättras. Forskningsfältet kring hur verksamheter ska uppnå en smart materialförsörjning är litet, vilket poängterar vikten av att studera hur ett företag kan förändra sin produktionslayout för att förbättra sin interna logistik. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att öka förståelsen av produktionslayoutens betydelse för materialförsörjningen samt den mänskliga aspekten i produktionsrelaterat förändringsarbete. Metod: Studien har använt sig av en abduktiv, explorativ ansats för att besvara syfte och forskningsfrågor. Det betyder att studier av teorier gjorts parallellt med studier av det empiriska materialet på fallföretaget PEPAB Produktionspartner AB. Teorier från litteraturen och det empiriska materialet har analyserats och diskuterats för att slutligen dra slutsatser. Resultat: Resultatet av studien är en nulägesbeskrivning av det nuvarande interna materialflödet av fyra representativa komponenter och en nulägesbeskrivning över anställdas inställning till förändring. Genom kartläggning av materialflödet har logistiska flödesfaktorer och människorelaterade förändringsfaktorer framkommit. Teoretiskt bidrag: Att vid förändring av produktionen utgå från de logistiska faktorerna väntan, onödig lagerhållning, onödig tillverkning, defekter, onödiga transporter och en felaktigt utformad produktionslayout kan ett bättre logistiskt flöde och en bättre materialförsörjning uppnås. Att kombinera detta med ett välplanerat förarbete med tillhörande utbildning kan leda till att förändringen blir lyckosam. Praktiskt bidrag: Denna studie bidrar praktiskt med en ny produktionslayout som leder till ett bättre logistiskt flöde, den poängterar även vikten av ett genomtänkt och välplanerat förarbete för att upprätthålla personalens känsla av delaktighet.
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Rylander, Lisa, and Frida Olofsson. "Implementation of Technology in Warehouse Operations : A case study on internal logistics in warehouses from a sustainable perspective." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Logistik och verksamhetsledning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53678.
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Cryan, Dan David III. "Designing internal logistics processes for new manufacturing site." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122582.
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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2019, In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT<br>Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2019, In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (page 80).<br>The Boeing Company is the world's largest aerospace company and is constantly evaluating improvement opportunities to the production system. It is of ongoing interest to the company to have to tools to assess new manufacturing sites. Among the required tasks for such an effort, engineers must identify the processes and capabilities that will be needed. A critical element of this study is the system of internal logistics processes that could manage the flow of parts and material throughout a site. Planning the capacity of these processes is difficult when many of the parameters are uncertain and yet to be determined. This thesis proposes a method for estimating capacity requirements of internal logistics processes by employing the concepts of queuing theory and Little's Law. Using this methodology, a process model was developed and validated by discrete event simulation to provide process planners with an understanding of the relationship and importance of numerous parameters. This understanding allows planners and management to assess the capacity requirements of the processes in terms of projected costs and performance. Values of wait times predicted by the proposed model were in strong agreement with values observed from simulation (R-squared of 96.4%; MAPE of 14.9%) suggesting that the proposed methodology represents an easy-to-use and accurate representation of process parameters. In order to improve the applicability of capacity recommendations for Boeing, further refinement is needed of underlying process parameters as well as cost modeling of threshold parameters (k and pn_max).<br>by Dan David Cryan, III.<br>M.B.A.<br>S.M.<br>M.B.A. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management<br>S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
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Stålberg, Emma, and David Zetterberg. "Effektivisering av intern materialstyrning i tillverkande företag : En fallstudie på Atlas Copco Tierpverken." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-19980.
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In order to be competitive, one way is to focus on the internal logistics in a cost effective manner. The concept of material control covers how to control the flow of material resources from the customer to the supplier. This study intends to look at how internal material control can be done efficiently in a manufacturing company. In order to achieve an efficient internal material control, methods and approaches should be evaluated based on a situational approach. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to develop a model for analysis and improvement of internal material control in manufacturing companies. The study is a case study and has been conducted on site at Atlas Copco Tierp Works. Atlas Copco in Tierp, produces components and assembles hand-held power tools. The empirical data has been conducted with employees at Atlas Copco Tierp Works and with direct observations of the processes that the study has been limited to. Literature reviews have been made in parallel with the empirical data collection with an emphasis on internal logistics, material control and lean production. The study shows which factors that are important for an effective internal material control. Furthermore, the report presents an analysis model, which has been applied to Atlas Copco Tierp Works. The analysis model presents a recommendation on appropriate material planning method, as well as the conditions that should be complied in order to achieve an efficient internal material control. The analysis model strengths are considered as mainly to be that it covers many areas, by including the planning environment, material planning methods, efficiency and decision-making. Accordingly, the model is considered to have potential for development by including a cost analysis as a part of the decision-making part.<br>Att styra sin interna logistik, på ett kostnadseffektivt sätt, är en nödvändighet för att kunna konkurrera på en redan hårt utsatt marknad. Materialstyrning kan ses som en delmängd av logistik och innefattar aktiviteter för att styra och planera materialflödet från leverantör till kund. Denna studie visar på hur den interna materialstyrningen kan ske effektivt, i ett tillverkande företag. För att uppnå en effektiv intern materialstyrning så bör metoder och tillvägagångssätt utvärderas utifrån ett situationsanpassat synsätt. Studiens syfte är därför att utveckla en modell för analys och förbättring av intern materialstyrning i tillverkande företag. Fallstudien har bedrivits vid Atlas Copco Tierpverken. Vid fabriken i Tierp sker tillverkning av komponenter samt montering av handhållna industriverktyg. Den empiriska datainsamlingen har skett genom intervjuer med medarbetare på Tierpverken och observationer över det interna materialflödets processer som studien avgränsat sig till. En litteraturundersökning har gjorts, med betoning på intern logistik, materialstyrning och Lean Production. Studien visar vilka faktorer som är av betydelse för en effektiv intern materialstyrning. Rapporten presenterar en analysmodell, vilken har tillämpats på Atlas Copco Tierpverken. Analysmodellen ger en rekommendation på lämplig materialstyrningsmetod, samt vilka förutsättningar som bör uppfyllas för att uppnå en effektiv intern materialstyrning. Analysmodellens styrkor anses främst vara att den täcker in många områden, där planeringsmiljö, materialstyrningsmetoder, effektivitet inkluderas för att beslut och rekommendationer kan utföras. Modellen bedöms ha utvecklingspotential genom att inkludera en kostnadsanalys som en del vid beslut.
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Danielsson, Jenny, and Johanna Larsson. "Interna flödesprocesser : En fallstudie av LKAB Malmbergets process för hantering av arbetskläder." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69813.
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På dagens allt mer konkurrensutsatta marknad har det blivit allt viktigare för företag att effektivisera hela sina försörjningskedjor. Detta eftersom det är dessa som tävlar mot varandra snarare än konkurrens mellan enskilda företag. För att dessa försörjningskedjor ska fungera på ett optimalt sätt är integrationen mellan de olika aktörerna av stor vikt. Här har därför lagerstyrningen en viktig roll. Lagerstyrningen syftar till att på ett så kostnadseffektivt sätt som möjligt tillhandahålla nödvändiga material och komponenter som behövs i försörjningskedjans olika processer. Den aktuella fallstudien har genomförts på LKAB i Malmberget vid avdelningen för strategiskt inköp. En av företagets stödprocesser är att förse anställda inom företaget med arbetskläder för att de ska kunna utföra sitt arbete, vilket i dagsläget inte fungerar optimalt. Eftersom kläderna återanvänds gör det att det aktuella lagerstyrningsproblemet blir mer komplext. Vanliga problem som i dagsläget uppstår i flödet är att kläder inte finns tillgängliga då de behövs och att kläder tappas bort på olika platser i flödet. Dessa problem har gjort att det idag finns ett stort behov av kläder i företaget. Syftet med studien var att komma fram till hur LKAB i Malmberget bör gå tillväga för att förbättra sitt interna flöde av arbetskläder. Målet var därmed att undersöka hur flödet borde vara utformat för att fungera på ett optimalt sätt, samt hur företaget ska kunna estimera ett optimalt antal plagg i flödet. Företaget vill kunna erbjuda en hög servicenivå gentemot de anställda, samtidigt som befintliga klädlager inom verksamheten utnyttjas så effektivt som möjligt. Det arbetssätt som använts för att uppnå syftet med studien är i form av djupintervjuer, observationer och datainsamling för att få en bild av det rådande läget. Analys av nuläget har gjorts med hjälp av den utförda litteraturstudien samt benchmarking hos ett företag med ett liknande flöde. Med utgångspunkt från detta har en Python-modell använts för att visa på hur optimering av antalet plagg i flödet kan genomföras samtidigt som en vald servicenivå på 98 procent bibehålls. Resultatet som erhölls från de aktuella beräkningarna visar på att antalet plagg i flödet skulle kunna reduceras med 45 procent jämfört med nuvarande läge. En total reducering motsvarande 2095 plagg kunde erhållas med hjälp av optimeringen, vilket visar på att företaget har för många plagg av fel typ i sitt flöde. Resultatet påvisar även vikten av att införa fler kontrollpunkter i det aktuella flödet för att kunna få en högre spårbarhet på plaggen, och därmed reducera och förebygga de problem som råder idag.
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Knuutinen, J. (Jaakko). "Improving internal logistics process with Lean Six Sigma project." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2018. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201811143028.
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The objective of this study is to investigate how lean six sigma can be used in a process improvement project, and how to apply lean six sigma in a real-life situation. The task is to decrease the amount of late deliveries to a factory from a nearby logistics facility, where production materials are stored in. The study will be performed as a case study. The case study begins with a literature review, where scientific publications of the subject are studied. After this, a real-life process improvement project will be carried out in a company. During the project, the learnings from the literature and the tools and methods of lean six sigma will be applied. There will also be examples given on the application of lean six sigma. As a result of this study, suggestions for improvement were made. Implementing these suggestions would help to reduce the amount of late deliveries. Due to the limited time of the project, these suggestions could not be completely carried out to be used practically during the case study. Therefore, it was not possible to report the actual benefits of these improvements. However, a pessimistic annual assessment of the potential benefit was 485,000 euros. The results of this study can be used very well because the tools used in the project can be applied to any field of business. The potential benefit for the process under investigation is not entirely generalizable. However, many companies face the same kind of problems in their processes, for which, this study can be of help to<br>Työn tavoitteena on tutkia, miten lean six sigmaa voidaan hyödyntää logistiikkaprosessin kehittämisessä ja miten sen käytännöntoteutus on mahdollista. Tarkoituksena on vähentää myöhästyneiden materiaalitoimitusten määrää tehtaan ja läheisen materiaalivaraston välillä. Työ suoritetaan tapaustutkimuksena, jossa ensin tehdään kirjallisuuskatsaus aiheesta tutkimalla alan tieteellisiä tutkimuksia ja julkaisuja. Tämän jälkeen suoritetaan käytännön prosessinkehitysprojekti yrityksessä. Projektin aikana sovelletaan kirjallisuudesta opittua tietoa ja käytetään lean six sigman työkaluja, joista annetaan myös esimerkkejä. Työn tuloksena saatiin kehitysehdotuksia, jotka tekemällä myöhästyneiden toimitusten määrää saataisiin vähennettyä. Projektin rajallisen aikataulun takia näitä ehdotuksia ei ehditty viedä kokonaisuudessaan käytäntöön asti, joten ei ollut mahdollista raportoida todellisia taloudellisia säästöjä. Vuosittainen pessimistinen arvio kehityspotentiaalista oli noin 485 000 euroa. Tutkimuksen tulokset ovat hyvin hyödynnettävissä, sillä projektissa käytettyjä työkaluja voidaan hyödyntää monenlaisissa kehitysprojekteissa toimialasta riippumatta. Kehityspotentiaali ei ole suoraan yleistettävissä muihin logistiikkaprosesseihin, mutta samankaltaisia ongelmia ilmenee monien yritysten prosesseissa, joten tämä tutkimus voi olla hyödyksi myös niiden ratkaisemiseen
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Thorsell, Johan, and Adam Larsson. "Kartläggning och effektivisering av den interna materialförsörjningskedjan : - en fallstudie hos LKAB." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-63847.
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Det blir allt viktigare med en väl fungerande flödeskedja som kan hantera material och tjänster på ett så effektivt sätt som möjligt. Studier visar på att det är flödeskedjorna som konkurrerar med varandra och inte företagen, vilket medför att kedjorna behöver vara konkurrenskraftiga. Detta sker genom att de aktiviteter som flödeskedjan består av integreras med varandra för att minimera slöseri av värdefulla resurser. Den tekniska utvecklingen har möjliggjort effektiv integrering med hjälp av automatisering. Implementering och införande av automatisering i flödeskedjan ökar möjligheten till att integrera olika aktiviteter inom kedjan då det bland annat möjliggör datainsamling av information som kan delas och spridas genom hela flödeskedjan. Syftet med denna studie är att kartlägga och analysera flödeskedjan för materialförsörjning hos fallföretaget LKAB, för att sedan utreda huruvida de med hjälp av automatisering och utveckling av de processer som kedjan består av kan förbättra sin produktivitet. Studien fokuserar på processerna i materialförsörjningen ända från den hubbverksamhet som i dagsläget används, hela vägen till de interna slutkunderna, vilket är de anställda på LKAB. Målet med studien är att leverera konkreta förslag som är väl anpassade efter företagets miljö och som fokuserar på de interna slutkunderna. Utifrån den nulägesbild som togs fram med hjälp av intervjuer, observationer och genomgångar, tillsammans med den genomförda litteraturstudien, analyserades de olika processerna i flödeskedjan. Genom analysen framgick det bland annat att det arbete som utförs vid hubbverksamheten inte är integrerat med resterande delar av flödeskedjan. Utöver detta framgick det att det nuvarande arbetssättet vid centralförrådet och framförallt godsmottagningen involverar mycket manuellt men nödvändigt arbete. Litteraturstudien användes sedan för att utvärdera och identifiera tänkbara lösningar för att effektivisera dessa processer för att uppnå ökad produktivitet i flödeskedjan. Via studien framgick det att automatisering leder till ökad produktivitet genom bland annat avlastning av manuellt arbete, ökad arbetsproduktivitet och minskade ledtider. Utifrån detta studerades och analyserades tre olika automatiseringslösningar, streckkod-, RFID-, och IoT-lösningar. Resultatet visade på att de tre olika lösningarna har olika fördelar och utmaningar kopplade till en implementering hos fallföretaget. Av de tre lösningarna anses streckkoder vara minst fördelaktig men också medföra minst utmaningar, medan RFID och IoT är mer fördelaktiga men också är kopplade till större utmaningar. Rekommendationerna till LKAB är att optimera det befintliga arbetet med cross-docking som i nuläget utförs vid hubbverksamheten. Detta genom att utveckla uppdelningen av gods för att minska dubbelhantering av gods i flödeskedjan. Fallföretaget rekommenderas även att implementera RFID-, och IoT-märkning av gods, för att minimera den manuella hanteringen, öka spårbarheten och öka flexibiliteten. En implementering av dessa rekommendationer skapar möjlighet till att delar av det inkommande godset inte längre behöver hanteras i centralförrådet. Detta gäller för det gods som ska levereras direkt till de interna slutkunderna och därmed inte lagerläggas.<br>The importance of a well-functioning supply chain that can handle materials and services in the most efficient way possible is increasing. According to several studies it is the supply chains that compete with each other rather than the companies themselves, which implies requirements for competitive chains. This can be done by integrating the activities in the supply chain with each other, in order to minimize waste of valuable resources. The development of technology has enabled effective integration through automation. Implementation of automation in the supply chain increases the ability to integrate different activities within the chain, as it, among other things, enables data collection of information that can be shared and spread throughout the entire supply chain. The purpose of this study is to map and analyze the material supply chain at LKAB, followed by investigating whether, through automation and development of the consisting processes of the supply chain, they can improve their productivity. The study focuses on all the activities in the material supply chain, from the hub that is currently in use, to the internal end customer, which are the employees at LKAB. The purpose of the study is to develop concrete proposals that are well adapted to the company's environment and with focus on the internal end customers. Based on the image of the current situation, developed using interviews, observations and reviews, along with the conducted literature study, the different activities of the supply chain were analyzed. Through the analysis it was noted, among other things, that the work performed in the hub is not integrated with the remaining parts of the supply chain. In addition to this, it was found that the current procedure of work at the central warehouse, and especially the goods reception, involves a lot of manual but necessary work. The literature study was then used to evaluate and identify possible solutions to streamline these processes in order to achieve increased productivity in the supply chain. Through the study, it was found that automation leads to an increase in productivity though, among other things, relieving of manual work, increased labor productivity and reduced lead times. Based on this, three different automation solutions, barcode, RFID and IoT solutions were studied and analyzed. The results from this showed that the three different solutions have different advantages and challenges linked to an implementation at the case company. Out of the three solutions, barcodes are considered to be the least advantageous but it also involves the least amount of challenges, while RFID and IoT are more beneficial but in turn are connected to greater challenges. The recommendations to LKAB are firstly to optimize the already existing work with cross docking performed at the hub. This by developing the division of goods to reduce the dual processing of goods in the supply chain. The second recommendation to the case company is to implement RFID, and IoT marking of goods, to minimize manual handling, increase traceability, and increase flexibility. An implementation of these recommendations will also enable some parts of the incoming goods to no longer require being handled in the central warehouse. These parts include the goods that are to be delivered directly to the internal end customer and thus not being stored.
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Silva, Mariana Bergmann da. "Otimização de redes de distribuição física considerando incentivo fiscal baseado no crédito presumido de ICMS." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3148/tde-08012008-164701/.
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Este trabalho estuda a influência de determinados incentivos fiscais relacionados ao Imposto sobre Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços na estruturação de projetos de rede de distribuição física. O objetivo consiste em desenvolver um modelo matemático que determine uma logística de menor custo considerando incentivos fiscais com base no crédito presumido, em que a característica do cálculo do incentivo é um crédito proporcional ao valor da base de cálculo das notas fiscais com saídas para venda. Para tanto, estruturou-se um modelo de Programação Linear Inteira Mista. A função objetivo do modelo foi estruturada para minimizar os custos totais, sendo estes compostos por duas parcelas de custos logísticos (frete e armazenagem) e uma parcela referente ao benefício fiscal, que entra como uma parcela negativa na função objetivo, haja visto que o benefício fiscal auferido equivale ao montante do saldo de impostos devido que se deixa de pagar. Alguns cenários que contemplam as características dos incentivos analisados foram estudados aplicando-se o modelo matemático a um problema fictício, formulado com base na rede de distribuição física de uma indústria que produz e comercializa bens de consumo não duráveis. Para que os resultados obtidos fossem realísticos, os valores referentes aos custos logísticos (fretes e transbordo) bem como os volumes e a distribuição da demanda foram levantados com base nos dados reais de um ano de operação dessa mesma indústria.<br>This research evaluates the influence of some specific fiscal benefits related to current states sale taxes for internal and interstate operations over distribution center location decisions. The objective is to develop a mathematic model that determines a distribution network with lower cost considering fiscal benefits based on presumed credit, which is calculated as a proportional value of sales prices. To reach this objective a Mixed Integer Linear Programming model was developed. The optimizing function was structured to minimize the total cost, composed by logistics costs (freight and warehousing) and by fiscal benefit, which is a negative cost function due to the fact that the fiscal benefit is related to the tax that won\'t be paid. Some scenarios considering these fiscal characteristics were studied. The model was applied on a fictitious problem based on the distribution network of a manufacturer that produces and commercializes non durables consumption products. In order to get realistic results, logistics costs (freight and warehousing) and demand parameters were real data gathered from that manufacturer.
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Andersson, Håkan A. "Svenska småföretags användning av reserveringar för resultatutjämning och intern finansiering." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-680.
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<p>Small firms often have inadequate access to the capital necessary for sucessful management. The Swedish Government introduced in the mid-1990s allowance rules that facilitate retention of profit for sole proprietorships and partnership firms. The tax credits arising from the allowances give certain benefits as a source of financing compared to traditional forms of credits. Among the more essential benefits are that the payment for some parts of the tax credit can be put on hold almost indefinitely, or alternatively never be paid. The firms are free to use these means, and the responsibility of future payment of the postponed tax debt stays with the individual firms. The comprehensive purpose of the dissertation may be stated as to increase the understanding of small Swedish firms, especially sole proprietorships, utilizing possibilities for allowances for income smoothing and internal financing. At the beginning the dissertation describes case studies, comprising a smaller selection of microfirms. With a starting-point from the accounted and reported income-tax returns, alternative calculations are made where additional positive tax and finance effects appear possible to obtain. One purpose of these studies is to increase the insight regarding the possibilities of income smoothing and internal financing that arise from utilizing these allowances. </p><p>These studies also illuminate, to what extent and in what way they are being used in reality. Another objective of these studies is to give a more substantive insight into the technics behind the different allowances, appropriation to positive or negative interest rate allocation appropriation or dissolving of tax allocation reserve appropriation or dissolving of “expansion fund” Theories regarding the creation of resources, through building of capital, and theories on financial planning and strategy are studied. The purpose is to find support for the choice of theoretical grounded underlying independent variables that can be used in cross-sectional studies to explain the use of the possibilities of appropriations. Theories of finance that are of greatest interest, in the operationalisation of these variables, are theories that discuss the choices of different financing alternatives for small firms. The “pecking order theory”, describes the firm’s order of priority when choices of finance alternatives are made. The concept of “financial bootstrapping” expands the frame for different forms of financing choices that especially very small firms have at their disposal.</p><p>The last part of the theoretical frame deals with the phenomenon of “income smoothing,” which can be translated as leveling out profits/losses. A number of financial and non-financial variables are supported by and operationalised from these financial theories e.g., return on sales, capital turnover, quick ratio and debt-to-equity ratio, respectively age, gender and line of business. Cross-sectional studies are implemented for the taxation years of 1996 and 1999, on databases that have been extracted from Statistics Sweden. The group of 87,276 sole proprietorships included in the study were required to complete tax returns and pay taxes for the business activity according to the supporting schedule, N2, information from the sole proprietorships’ income statement and balance sheet in an accounting statement that comes with the income tax return form. The possibilities of allowances are considered as dependent variables. The intention of the cross-sectional studies is to survey and describe the utilization of possible allowances, with the support of the financial and non-financial independent variables. The connection of these variables to the decision of sole proprietorships to appropriate to the tax allocation reserve is also summarized in a logistic regression model. A number of theoretically based propositions are made for the purpose of observing how the variables are connected to the chances that sole proprietorships actually appropriate to this form of allowance. Appropriation to the tax allocation reserve stands out as the most practiced form of allowance. The studies also clarify that utilization varies among different forms of allowances, but that not all firms that have the prerequisites to utilize the possibilities really do so to the full. A further utilization of the different possibilities of allowances is often conceivable. For the sole proprietorships that are not utilizing these possibilities, the allowances should be considered eligible as a contribution to internal financing and to increase access to capital.</p>
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Gabrielsson, Petter. "Internal material transports at Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15133.
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<p>This report is the result of a master thesis work which has been carried out at Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB (SIT). The aim of the study has been to examine the possibilities of improving the internal material handling at SIT by making the flow of materials more efficient.</p><p>SIT develops, manufacture and sell steam and gas turbines to industrial customers all over the world. The site in Finspång consists of a number of workshops which are geographical spread across a fairly large area. This creates a need for material movements and transports that does not add any value to the final products being made.</p><p>To examine the possibilities of making the material handling at SIT more efficient, a description of the present situation and a mapping of the internal material flows have been made. With the mapping as a starting point, a proposal for how to improve the material flow is presented and analyzed regarding both quantitative and qualitative aspects.</p><p>The proposal, which is overarching and describes general effects rather than details, suggests that SIT relocate the <em>core engine assembly department</em> from the area called “Centrum” to the area called “Norrmalm” and locate the incoming goods area as close as possible to the place of the consumption of the material.</p><p>The analysis of the mapping shows that there is 180 kilometers of internal transports at SIT every week. In this distance, transport between different departments and different working stations in the same building, are not included. The need for transports exists mainly because of the fact that SIT has its incoming goods area located at Norrmalm, approximately 2.2 kilometers away from its warehouse building and by implementing the proposal given in this work, the weekly transport distance will decrease by 60 percent. Apart from the decrease in distance, the change will also make it possible to simplify the goods receiving process.</p>
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Rudner, Charlotta, and Ingela Rääf. "Effektivisering av interna transporter." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-12969.
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Bylin, Jenniefer. "Riskanalys av självkörande fordon i hamnområden : En kvalitativ studie för interna transporter av containrar." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för informationssystem och –teknologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-36331.
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Today, companies face constant challenges, as the business must constantly be developed in order to compete. As new ports are being built in already existing ones, other opportunities are often made available to develop further and reduce costs and risks. Replacing some labour against automation is one of them. The study aims to ensure the risks of using selfdriving vehicles for the movement of containers in port areas. The work has been carried out at SCA in Tunadal for their new coming terminal. The aim of the study was to examine the risk associated with manpower versus self-driving vehicles exist. If, based on a safety aspect, it is profitable to go towards a more automated business. To carry out the study, documents have been collected describing the accidents in the port, two persons who are extra responsible for the accidents in the port have been interviewed and observations have been made to also see how the self-driving vehicle is to be applied to reality. When processing the data, THERP - Technique for human error rate prediction has been used for mapping the current situation. FMEA - failure mode and effects analysis and FTA - Fault tree analysis has been used to map the future situation with automation. The result shows that from a safety perspective, it is safest to use self-driving vehicles, as it is the human slips that represent the greatest risks in port areas.<br>Idag står företag för ständiga utmaningar då verksamheten hela tiden måste utvecklas för att kunna konkurrera. Då nya hamnar byggs i redan befintlig tas ofta andra möjligheter i förfogande för att utvecklas ytterligare och minska på kostnader och risker. Att byta ut viss arbetskraft mot automation är en av dem. Studien syftar till att se till riskerna med att använda självkörande fordon för förflyttning av containrar i hamnområden. Arbetet har genomförts hos SCA i Tunadal för deras nya kommande terminal. Målet med studien var att se till de risker som finns med att använda arbetskraft kontra självkörande fordon. Om det utifrån en säkerhetsaspekt är lönsamt att gå mot en mer automatiserad verksamhet. För att utföra studien har dokument samlats in som beskriver olyckorna i hamnen, två personer som är extra ansvariga för olyckorna i hamnen har intervjuats och observationer har gjorts för att också se till hur det självkörande fordonet ska appliceras på verkligheten. Vid bearbetning av data har THERP - Technique for human error rate prediction använts för kartläggning av nuläget. FMEA - failure mode and effects analysis och FTA - Fault tree analysis har använts för att kartlägga det framtida läget med automation. Resultatet visar att det ur ett säkerhetsperspektiv är säkrast att använda sig av självkörande fordon då det är de mänskliga snedstegen som står för de största riskerna i hamnområden.
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Sousa, Paulo Teixeira de. "Logística interna." Florianópolis, SC, 2002. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/83902.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção.<br>Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-20T04:28:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2013-07-16T19:03:52Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
193725.pdf: 291512 bytes, checksum: 50c5886b00c0956aebfeeec70baee73e (MD5)<br>Essa dissertação tem como objetivo demonstrar a importância da logística interna nas organizações prestadoras de serviço. A logística é vista como um processo capaz de aumentar a eficiência organizacional através da redução dos custos operacionais bem como agiliza os processos de movimentação das mercadorias em toda cadeia de abastecimento. A logística é um termo militar que foi incorporado pelas organizações comerciais e industriais a partir da evolução tecnológica. Muito pouco tem sido estudado e escrito sobre a logística interna e, bem menos ainda, sobre a logística em empresas prestadoras de serviço. Vamos apresentar de que
forma o modelo de ressuprimento matemático de mercadorias muito utilizado no comércio pode ajudar e contribuir para que as empresas prestadoras de serviço consigam criar vantagens competitivas. Apresenta toda a evolução histórica do termo logística no mundo e no Brasil e a sua tendência e benefícios para as organizações. A empresa em estudo será caracterizada e apresentada pela demonstração de suas estruturas físicas, seus objetivos e serviços prestados à sociedade. Para a comprovação do problema e para o atendimento do objetivo proposto, é apresentado o modelo informatizado de ressuprimento semi-automático atualmente em uso na instituição SESC. Dentre os modelos de gestão do estoque existentes; Just-in-time, lote econômico e do ponto de pedido (matemático), foi escolhido o modelo do ponto de pedido como sendo o mais viável para as empresas prestadoras de serviço onde incluímos no processo o envolvimento do elemento humano no processo de decisão. Esse estudo não se esgota e nem tão pouco reduz o campo de pesquisa nessa área da administração, pelo contrário, ele serve de estímulo para a integração entre as empresas através dos sistemas, e-commerce (comércio eletrônico), business to business (negócio entre empresas).
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Donati, Marco. "Lean and sustainability evaluation of the flow of material in internal logistics." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för skog och träteknik (SOT), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-75897.
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The purpose of this thesis is to study how the interaction between lean and sustainability theories works in the logistics department of a manufacturing company. The research has been developed by applying a Value Stream Map with adjusted factors to help to map the flow of materials throughout the department. Literature review have shown connections between lean and sustainability, but it has yet to be evaluated focusing on the logistics department. After the analysis of the current state of the factory under the two methodologies, an improved layout has been proposed. The results have concluded that Value Stream Map is a valuable tool to understand the performance of a company under both theories. The addition of the sustainability perspective to the lean tool has created the opportunity to evaluate more factors, which lead to more opportunities in the proposition of future state for the flow of material. It gives also the possibility to extend the “continuous improvement” (Kaizen) principle of lean to the sustainability areas in an efficient way.
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Pavlík, Jakub. "Analýza výkonnosti systému managementu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-254321.
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The content of this thesis is a system analysis of quality management of the company Loomis Czech Republic a.s. In the thesis there is an analysis of a certain part of management quality using planned internal audit. Based on the results of executed internal audit and provided results from other internal audits, recommendations were suggested for improvement of the management quality system. At the same time there were suggested recommendations for a future recertification in consideration of release of a new norm ISO 9001.
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Hellqvist, Cecilia, and Danilo Iljic. "Route planning for the internal postal service at the municipality of Norrköping." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-129581.
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Internposten inom Norrköpings kommun analyserades för att utvärdera om Tekniska kontoret kunde ta över planering och distribution av internposten i egen regi och därmed inte längre vara beroende av en extern part.
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David, Carlsson, and Nilsson Björn. "Efficient internal material flow of boxes to gain a well-organized supply of components : A case study at Scania engine assembly." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-63771.
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Within manufacturing organizations, the material flow is a promoted part of the supply chain to evaluate, since it often stands for a significant part of the costs. The evaluation refers to the analysis and optimization of the material flow that arise during manufacturing of products. It can focus on very different levels, such as the material flow in a region or within a company’s internal processes. However, the material flow is concerned with the transportations, operations and storages of materials. A well-organized material flow enables organizations to cutting costs and increase competitiveness, via increased effectiveness and efficiency of operating practices. Scania operates in the automotive industry and they are constantly striving to improve their supply chain in terms of productivity and lower costs, to meet the needs of the market and gain increased competitiveness. Today, Scania engine assembly in Södertälje has operations in two main buildings, approximately one km in-between. One building is the material warehouse, and the other building is the actual assembly. In the future, the two building will be joint together. Consequently, the project logistics department of Scania engine assembly has recognized a possibility to re-organize and improve the material flows. The upcoming merge between the two buildings enables a possibility to investigate how the current material flows could be more efficient, before they are applied in the future state. The purpose of this research is to investigate and improve a material flow, box flow, within an automotive environment. A box flow is concerned with smaller components that use plastic boxes as packaging material. The objective is to derive a more efficient process for the flow of supplying boxes to the assembly building. By efficiency, it is defined as shorter total lead time, higher capacity, lower time/cost per box delivered, and a maintained or improved ergonomics during manual handling operations within the box flow. To fulfil the purpose of this research interviews, observations and data collections have been used to gain an understanding of how the current situation is managed at Scania engine assembly. Conducted benchmarking and literature research have been used to gain an understanding of how other companies in the industry, as well as departments at Scania, are managing their box flows. The findings have been analysed, where the different flow of boxes have been compared with the theoretical frame of reference as well as against each other. The conclusions of the analysis are different key factors, for better logistics efficiency, when managing a box flow. These key factors are providing an increased theoretical understanding, when the aim is to make a material flow of boxes more efficient, in an assembly environment. In this research, they are utilized as guidelines, to derive a more efficient process for the flow of supplying boxes. That is, implementing the findings theoretically into a practical context. To derive a more efficient process, a Business Case have been conducted. Its outcome provides a concept of how the process of boxes should be organized. That is, how the different material handling operations and equipment should be utilized to achieve an overall increased efficiency. How the box flow should be organized are presented as recommendations, which works as guidelines and insights for Scania engine assembly. They are jointly fulfilling the purpose of this research, together with the other achieved research questions.<br>Inom tillverkningsorganisationer är materialflödet en prioriterad del av försörjningskedjan att utvärdera, eftersom den ofta står för en betydande del av kostnaderna. Utvärderingen avser analys och optimering av materialflödet som uppstår vid tillverkning av produkter. Den kan fokusera på många olika nivåer, som materialflödet i en region eller inom ett företags interna processer. Materialflödet berör emellertid transporten, operationerna och materiallager. Ett välorganiserat materialflöde gör det möjligt för organisationer att sänka kostnaderna och öka konkurrenskraften, genom ökad inre- och yttre effektivitet av utföranden inom företaget. Scania verkar inom bilindustrin och strävar ständigt efter att förbättra sin försörjningskedja när det gäller produktivitet och lägre kostnader, för att möta marknadens behov och öka konkurrenskraften. Idag har Scanias motormontering i Södertälje verksamheter i två huvudbyggnader, med ca en kilometer mellan varandra. Den ena byggnaden är materiallagret, och den andra byggnaden är den faktiska monteringen. I framtiden kommer de två byggnaderna att bli integrerade. Följaktligen har projektlogistikavdelningen vid Scanias motormontering bedömt en möjlighet att organisera och förbättra deras materialflöden. Den kommande integrationen mellan de två byggnaderna gör det möjligt att undersöka hur de aktuella materialflödena kan bli effektivare, innan de appliceras i det framtida tillståndet. Syftet med denna forskning är att undersöka och förbättra ett materialflöde, boxflöde, i en monteringsmiljö. Ett boxflöde behandlar mindre komponenter som använder plastlådor som förpackningsmaterial. Målet är att klarlägga en effektivare process för flödet av boxar till monteringsbyggnaden. Effektivitet definieras som ett flöde som har kortare total ledtid, högre kapacitet, lägre tid / kostnad per box levererad och en bibehållen eller förbättrad ergonomi under manuella hanteringar. För att uppfylla syftet med forskningen har olika typer av intervjuer, observationer och datasamlingar använts, för att skapa en djupare förståelse över den nuvarande situationen hos Scanias motormontering. Genomförd benchmarking och litteraturforskning har använts för att förstå hur andra företag inom branschen, även andra avdelningar på Scania, hanterar sina boxflöden. Den insamlade empirin har använts i en analys där de olika flödena av boxar har jämförts både med den teoretiska referensramen samt varandra. Konklusionerna från analysen är presenterade som nyckelfaktorer för att öka effektiviteten vid hantering av boxföden. Dessa nyckelfaktorer ger en ökad teoretisk förståelse, när syftet är att skapa ett effektivare materialflöde i form av boxar, i en monteringsmiljö. I denna forskning används nyckelfaktorerna som riktlinjer för att skapa en effektivare process för flödet av boxar. Det vill säga, att implementera nyckelfaktorerna teoretiskt i ett praktiskt sammanhang. För att ta fram en effektivare process har ett Business Case realiserats, som presenterar hur samtliga processer inom boxflödet borde organiseras på fallföretaget. Det vill säga, hur olika materialhanteringsoperationer och utrustningar borde användas för att uppnå en ökad effektivitet som helhet. Hur boxflödet ska organiseras presenteras som rekommendationer. Dessa bidrar med insikter och riktlinjer för hur Scanias motormontering borde organiseras, gällande deras interna materialflöde. Tillsammans med resterande forskningsfrågor uppfyller rekommendationerna syftet med forskningen.
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Baier, Lukáš. "Image společnosti ABC." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-358812.
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This diploma thesis is focused on the analysis of internal and external image of the company ABC. This firm has not wished to be specified. The main goal of this thesis was to analyze image of the company ABC operating on the logistics market in the Czech republic. This goal was fulfilled and according to the results, firm has a positive image from the employee and customer point of view. The reader can find final references in the application part of this thesis. First minor goal was to help reader to identify key points of this topic and extend his knowledge about the image of company. The reader can acquire broader information about mentioned topic in the theoretical part and following sections of this diploma thesis improve her/his ability related to the image of specific company. Second minor goal was to describe internal employee point of view and present it to the employer, company ABC. This goal was accomplished as there is a lot of important information and data included in the replies to the questionnaire. Third minor goal was to characterize Czech logistics market and define competitive companies based on the knowledge of employees and customers of the enterprise ABC. The company is considered as one of the main firms but is not the market leader. It was not possible to analyze customer point of view since the internal NPA file did not contain it or the data was incomplete. The author of this diploma thesis used own questionnaire and internal NPA file received by the company ABC to extract the results. He also used a combination of the literal transcription method and following cluster creating technique to construe the conclusions.
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Salestam, Melinda, and Julia Assarsson. "MÄSSLOGISTIK – NYCKELN TILL ÖKAT RESURSUTNYTTJANDE I SVENSKA MÄSSANS PRODUKTIONSAVDELNING." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Industriell organisation och produktion, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18845.
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Denna rapport grundar sig i Svenska Mässans planer på expansion och de krav på effektiv hantering och korta ledtider som det medför. Svenska Mässans unika förutsättningar vad gäller yta, bransch och placering medför ett komplext flöde av material. Flödet försvåras ytterligare av att lager och de hallar där eventen genomförs på ligger på olika plan. Den andra delen grundar sig i den litterära brist som finns kring den här typen av logistik. I rapporten introduceras därför ett nytt begrepp - Mässlogistik. Begreppet syftar till att beskriva de verksamhetsspecifika flöden och interna transporter som sker i en sådan speciell bransch som mässbranschen. Genom att definiering av begreppet samt identifiering och fördjupning i de ingående komponenterna, har förslag på hur just Svenska Mässan kan öka sin resurseffektivitet tagits fram. Förslagen är koncentrerade kring deras största problemområden och det som har mest negativ påverkan på flödena. Rapporten är således uppbyggd kring två frågeställningar: 1. Hur kan lagerstrukturen i möbellagret ändras på Svenska Mässan för att uppnå en högre resurseffektivitet? 2. Hur ska Svenska Mässan organisera sina interna transporter för att generera en högre resurseffektivitet? För att kunna ge svar på ovanstående frågeställningar har fallstudiemetoden använts där nuläget först har kartlagts för att användas som utgångspunkt och därefter analyserats. Det har gjort att en tydlig bild över problemområdena i form av ostrukturerat lager, bristande planering, hisskonkurrens och ineffektiva transporter har visat sig. Lösningarna på dessa problem har dels hämtats ur litteraturen och dels genom ett logiskt resonemang med inspiration från andra företag. Vidare har en ABC-analys genomförts, på de standardmöbler som används på Svenska Mässans event, vilket har varit en utgångspunkt för att skapa ett effektivare flöde vid in- och utleverans i lagret. Ett ytterligare led i att nå en högre resurseffektivitet, både vid lagring och transport, har varit ett förslag med specialkonstruerade vagnar som lastbärare. Genom en benchmarking på Volvo personvagnar har även kittning undersökts som alternativ för att på så vis kunna förpacka och säkerställa fyllnadsgraden i hissarna och därmed också minska konkurrensen om dessa. I dagsläget hämtar montörerna sitt material själva, vilket leder till att mycket tid används för förflyttningar mellan planen. För att motverka detta har ett förslag tagits fram med att använda sig av materialare. Tanken är att dessa ska förse montörer med allt material de behöver samt att kitta och sekvenslägga montermaterialet. Dessutom ska de ansvara för att hissarna används på ett mer effektivt sätt och därmed öka fyllnadsgraden. Slutsatser som dragits under detta arbete är att kommunikation och planering är en av de viktigaste grundkomponenterna för att uppnå en högre resurseffektivitet i Svenska Mässans produktionsavdelning. Vidare har det konstaterats att det finns tid att spara genom effektiva transporter samt att utnyttja hissarnas kapacitet på ett mer fullständigt sätt.<br>This report takes it stance in the Swedish fair’s plans for an expansion and the requirements of effective handling and short lead-times that it implies. The Swedish exhibition and congress centre (SECC) and their unique set of prerequisites concerning space, industry and location results in a very complex flow of material. The complexity of the flow increases further as storage and exhibition halls are located on different floors. The report is of further interest as there is a lack of academic knowledge concerning logistics of this kind. Therefore, this report aims to introduce a new set of terms – exhibition logistics, with ambitions to describe the specific flows and internal transports existing in the exhibition hall industry. By identifying and defining the terms a proposal is given of how the SECC can increase their resource- efficiency. The proposed advices are focused on the greatest problem areas and furthermore those areas affecting the flows to the highest extend. The report is composed around the following questions: 1. How can the Swedish exhibition and congress centre’s storage structure and resource storage be changed in order to reach a higher resource-efficiency? 2. How should the Swedish exhibition and congress centre organize its internal transports to generate greater resource efficiency? To be able to answer the questions above, a case study has been applied. Firstly, research have been undertaken to understand the present situation followed by an analysis of the same. This has given the authors a clear picture of the problem areas; unstructured storage, lack of planning, ineffective use of the elevators as well as inefficient transportations occurring at all times. The presented solutions have partly been collected from relevant academic literature and from an up to date discussion with inspiration from other actors in the current market place. Furthermore, an ABC – analysis have been carried out of the standard furniture’s being used during events at SECC. Proposals for using unique constructed wagons for transporting the equipment have been reported. Yet, this analysis is a further action in order to adapt a greater resource efficiency regarding storage and transportations. At the present time, the assemblers are collecting their material on their own, which results in time consuming movements between storage and working floors. In order to prevent this, the authors have presented a suggestion of using a person for preparing the material. The implication is that they should serve the assembler all material needed for completion and fit for display. Additionally, they should also be given the responsibility of making sure that the elevators are used in a more efficient manner, thereby increasing the occupancy level. The conclusions reflect the importance of two key components that must be improved in order to increase the efficiency in SECC production department - planning and communication. Moreover, it has been concluded that time can be saved by effective transportations and by using the elevators’ capacity to its maximum.
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Axin, Kajsa, and Camilla Jonzon. "Resource planning for internal logistics : A tool designed for the material handling department at Scania Axles and Gearboxes." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Logistik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-78522.
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This master thesis is performed at Scania Axles and Gearboxes, a production plant located in Södertälje. Within the plant axles, gearboxes as well as central gears are assembled from components to finished products. All production is conducted on production lines, with a pre-determined rate, which is supplied with components by the material handling department. Since the production quantity and the mix of product variants produced on the production line is customer order-based, the number and type of components needed for production as well as appropriate staffing within the material handling department is difficult to predict. Scania is currently using a number of different resource planning tools for each material handling-department within Axles and Gearboxes to visualize the workload within the departments. These systems however have different structure and are all not sufficiently updated, which means that they cannot fulfill their intended purpose. The aim for this thesis is to develop a common tool for the whole department of Axles and Gearboxes which can visualize the amount workload that prevails. This tool should also be able to account for varying production conditions. The resource planning tool which has been developed within this project is built upon the basis of a structure for occupancy calculation on a position, which includes the premise that a working position contains a number of operations to be performed a certain number of times during a given a number of working hours. The amount workload within a working position is calculated as the ratio how long an operation takes to perform, the number of times the task needs to be performed and during what amount of time it has to be done. The structure of the tool takes into account the following conditions; production quantity, production rate, volume of incoming and outgoing goods and the mix of product variants assembled on the production line. Based on the structure of the occupancy calculation for the material handling department, an additional study has been made to evaluate how the above listed conditions of production affects the occupancy, and to what degree. This study has been conducted using both qualitative and quantitative information obtained from both interviews and historical data extracts. After this data collection, the resource planning tool has been built in Microsoft Excel. The developed resource planning tool enables a visualization of the total amount of workload within a working position in the form of a percentage which shows the proportion of working time used during a shift. That percentage presented in the tool varies thereafter when changing any of the above mentioned production conditions. By the end of the thesis, a number of working positions from the department of Axles and Gearboxes has been imported to the resource planning tool to be able to make appropriate testing and sensitivity analysis of the result. The task that Scania has yet to perform before they can use the tool for the whole department is to continue with the work of importing remaining working positions. The developed resource planning system and the result of this master thesis is a dynamic tool which Scania can use to predict the need of resources in the material handling department for future changes in production conditions, such as time reductions, increased demand for products or changes in work routines.
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Le, Ahn Tuan. "Intelligent Control of Vehicle-Based Internal Transport Systems." [Rotterdam]: Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), Erasmus University Rotterdam ; Rotterdam : Erasmus University Rotterdam [Host], 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/6554.
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Bendré, Rebecca, Anna Nilsson, and Angelica Svensson. "Intern logistik - En fallstudie kring det interna varuflödet i ett detaljhandelsföretag." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-800.
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<p>Både logistiken och detaljhandeln har under de senaste årtiondena haft en kraftig utveckling. För detaljhandeln har logistiken en allt mer växande betydelse, då de med rätt logistik kan korta sina ledtider, enklare ge kunderna de varor de önskar och vid rätt tidpunkter. Den interna logistiken syftar på de logistikaktiviteter som utförs inom detaljhandelsföretagen, d.v.s. de aktiviteter som får det interna varuflödet att fungera. Ett vanligt problem hos detaljhandelsföretag är ”slut i hyllan”. Orsaker till detta kan vara brister i inköp och logistik, bristande rutiner i butiken eller fel i leveranser och varuflöden. Det krävs således att detaljhandelsföretagen arbetar med sin logistik och skapar ett effektivt internt varuflöde för att kunna tillfredställa behovet utav varor ute i butik.</p><p>Syftet med denna studie är att kartlägga det interna varuflödet i ett detaljhandelsföretag och att undersöka vilka faktorer som är de viktigaste för ett effektivt internt varuflöde. Vidare är syftet att ge förslag till hur det interna varuflödet kan effektiviseras.</p><p>En kvalitativ undersökningsmetod har använts där en fallstudie genomförts på Gekås Ullared. Personer från olika delar utav företaget har intervjuats genom öppna individuella intervjuer. Dessa intervjuer har även kombinerats med observationer. </p><p>Efter att ha fullföljt studien har vi kommit fram till vilka faktorer som är de viktigaste för ett effektivt internt varuflöde i detaljhandelsföretag, nämligen informationssystem, inköpsavdelningens påverkandegrad och arbete, förpackningar, lagrets layout och utrustning, lagerpersonalens arbete och interna transporter. Vid studerandet utav de olika faktorerna har vi även kunnat se att de har en inbördes påverkan, vilket vi har utvecklat en modell för. Genom att detaljhandelsföretag kontinuerligt arbetar med och utvecklar de sex faktorerna kan ett effektivt internt varuflöde skapas.</p>
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Saleh, Fatima, Susann Bartsch, and Jessica Steen. "Internal material handling at Volvo Construction Equipment Braås." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Management and Economics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2424.
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<p>Background: Material handling is a large part of a company´s internal work and represents between 15 % and 70 % of the total cost of a manufactured product. By improving the internal handling of material, more efficient distribution and manufacturing flows are possible. The material handling process is an input to the production and assembly process that has to be defined and mapped so that it can be improved. The material handling process studied at Volvo CE Braås includes goods receiving, storage, packaging as well as the order/delivery process to assembly, and will finish with the material transport to the assembly line.</p><p>Research questions: How can the material handling process, from goods receiving to assembly line, at Volvo CE in Braås be described by using VSM? What kinds of waste can be identified? By proposing a future-state map, how can the identified problems and waste be reduced or eliminated?</p><p>Methodology: This thesis is a descriptive case study and was conducted with a deductive approach. Data was collected by our own observations, personal interviews, statistics, benchmarking and questionnaire. The scientific credibility of this thesis was secured by for example using many sources, avoidance of assumptions, studying a common process and following standardized steps of the VSM tool.</p><p>Conclusions: The material handling process was described in the separated areas of goods receiving, storage and assembly line. Visualization was given in a current-state map. Five different kinds of waste were identified. Finally, suggestions of improvements were presented along with a future-state map.</p><p>Suggestions on future research: A more detailed VSM including information flow and lead times could be studied. Scenario simulations of critical areas within the material handling process could be preformed. Furthermore, an ABC classification of articles and storage locations can be done to optimize storage.</p>
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Makaj, Emanuel. "Analisi dei benefici dell’automazione nella logistica interna attraverso AMR: il caso Cefla s.c." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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La maggioranza delle organizzazioni produttrici di AMR – acronimo di autonomous mobile robot – ha meno di dieci anni di attività, ma ad oggi si interfaccia ad un mercato giovane ed in rapida crescita. La presenza dei robot nell’ambito industriale si è diffusa nel tempo, fino a permettere uno sviluppo tecnologico tale da garantire la sicurezza dei lavoratori anche durante lo svolgimento di attività realizzate in congiunta della compagine robotica. Nonostante sia chiaro che gli AMR siano il lecito discendente degli obsoleti AGV nell’industria 4.0, non risultano altrettanto compresi i reali benefici dati dall’implementazione di tale innovazione. Seguendo il metodo 4D nell’ambito del coinvolgimento del cliente in un mercato nuovo come quello italiano, si descriverà la situazione attuale dell’azienda Cefla s.c., analizzando le particolarità e definendo una potenziale soluzione che presenta l’utilizzo dei robot industriali per la movimentazione dei carichi. Verranno utilizzati analisi di stabilimento e interviste per realizzare la definizione dello stato AS-IS del workflow del cliente. Da questi dati si formulerà una soluzione, descrivendo le caratteristiche di tale soluzione e comprovandone la reale fattibilità. Si vedranno come queste soluzioni risulteranno molto interessanti e come diventeranno un fondamentale standard nelle fabbriche del futuro.
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Jakobson, Fredrik, and John Cristoferson. "Nyttan med digitala lösningar i tillverkande industrier." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Industriell ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30283.
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Föreningen av digitala tekniker och logistiska funktioner genom koncept som Industri 4.0 kan komma att förändra många marknader. Detta medför nya förutsättningar för industriföretag som vill fortsätta växa och vara konkurrenskraftiga. Denna studie syftade till att undersöka implementering av modern digital teknik i industriföretag. Författarna undersökte i denna studie vilka motiv som finns för en sådan implementering och vilka faktorer en verksamhet kan behöva beakta vid implementering. Dessutom undersöktes hur effektivitet kan mätas efter implementering både ur tillverkningsperspektiv och perspektiv på interna transporter. Intervjuer genomfördes med såväl ett tillverkande företag som implementerar ett modernt digitalt lagerhanteringssystem i sin verksamhet samt ett konsultföretag som bistod med kompetens för implementeringsprojektet. Fallföretaget i studien befann sig i slutfasen av implementering av ett digitalt lagerhanteringssystem med en funktion för att spåra material genom produktionen. Tidigare hade all planering och inventering gjorts manuellt. Författarna identifierade 14 motiv som kan finnas för tillverkande företag att implementera ett digitalt system samt åtta faktorer som är viktiga att beakta vid sådan implementering. Dessutom identifierade författarna KPI:er som de fann relevanta för mätning av tillverkningseffektivitet samt truckförares effektivitet efter implementering av ett digitalt system.<br>The union of digital technologies and logistical functions through concepts such as Industry 4.0 could change how a lot of markets operate. This creates new requirements for manufacturing companies who wish to keep growing and to stay competitive. The purpose of this study was to look at implementation of modern digital technologies in an industrial manufacturing context. The authors of this study explored which motives exist for such an implementation and which problems that need to be considered. Furthermore, the authors examined how effectiveness can be measured after implementation from both a manufacturing perspective as well an internal transport perspective. Interviews were conducted with a manufacturing company in the process of implementing a digital warehouse management system as well as a consulting company that provided support to the project. The case company in the study was in the final phase of implementing a digital warehouse management system with a primary feature of tracking material and goods through the production. Prior to this warehouse management system, all planning and stock keeping were performed manually. The authors proposed 14 different motives for manufacturing companies to implement a digital system and eight important factors to be considered when implementing a system such as the one the case company did. The authors also proposed Key Performance Indicators for measuring effectiveness and efficiency of manufacturing operations and forklift drivers, respectively, when a digital system is applied.
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Fraser, Jessica. "Beyond supply chain management investigating the extent of barriers to internet usage within South African organisations' supply chains /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08042008-185616/.
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Tobal, Elias. "Förbättring av det interna informationsflödet inom Postnord Sverige ABs postkontor på Värmdö." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-358017.
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Föreställ dig att du arbetar på en arbetsplats som har en brist på dokumenterad information. Information kommuniceras oftast genom dagliga informationsmöten, varav en del anställda inte kan delta på dessa möten på grund av att de är på tjänstgöring. Informationen dokumenteras inte heller och utfallet resulterar i att vissa anställda saknar information för att arbeta effektivt utifrån organisationens perspektiv. Den generella arbetsinsatsen på organisationen kan ses som effektivt för den enskilda medarbetaren. Informationen och rutinerna standardiseras inte inom alla distrikt i postkontoret. Vissa rutiner utförs inte som förväntat och skapar komplikationer för andra kollegor att göra en effektiv insats inom samma distrikt, det vill säga avdelning. Organisationen har ett internt begrepp med namnet hasare vilket innebär att anställda med denna position måste arbeta i flera distrikt istället för ett enda. Eftersom organisationernas informationsflöde är kritiskt och också påverkar standardiseringen negativt, skapar det svårigheter för hasare att arbeta effektivt. Syftet med rapporten är att definiera de grundläggande orsakerna till problemet och även de lösningar som är baserade på medarbetares önskemål. Utifrån intervjuer och observation visar det sig att problemet påverkar standardiseringen av arbetet och i förlängningen även motivationen negativt för de anställda. Lösningen är en implementering av informationsmappar med relevant information till varje distrikt och även en implementering av ett teamsystem för att säkerställa att alla dokument i mappen uppdateras. Implementeringen bygger på Lean Management och offensiv kvalitetsutveckling (TQM), med målet att bygga upp en organisation på långsiktiga grunder och en delaktighet i organisationens aktiviteter. Metoden som har använts utgår från att studenten, tillsammans med organisationens medarbetare, ska generera släktskapsdiagram innehållande problemorsaker och träddiagram innehållande lösningar till problemen. Lösningsförslagen ställs därefter emot problemorsakerna för att analysera effektiviteten i lösningsförslagen. Slutsaterna är att organisationen har kvalitetsbrister i det interna informationsflödet och behöver upprätta enkel, standardiserad och lättillgänglig dokumentation som även samlas på en definierad plats. Organisationen behöver även gå igenom och uppdatera den dokumenterade informationen.<br>Imagine yourself working in a workplace that have a lack of documented information. Information is usually communicated through daily information meetings, as some employees can not attend on these meetings. The employees that can not attend need to do their duty during the meetings. The information is also not documented and the outcome is that some employees miss out on information and work as what is effective for themself. The overall work effort of the organization can be seen as effective for the individual employee and less effective for the whole organisation. The information and routines are not standardized within every divisions of the post office. Some routines are not performed as expected and make it harder for other colleagues to make an effective effort at the same division. The organisation have an internal concept called ”hasare” which means that employees with this position need to work in several divisions instead of one single. Because the organizations information flow is critical and also affects standardization negatively, it creates difficulties for "hasare" to work efficiently. The purpose of this paper is to define the root causes to the problem and also the solutions based of the employees visions. Based on interviews and observation, it appears that the problem has a negative effect on the standardization of the work and the motivation for employees. The solution is an implementation of folders with information to every division and also an implementation of a team system to ensure that all documents in the folder are updated. The implementation is based on Lean management and Total Quality Management, aiming to build an organization on long-term basis and participation in the organization's activities. Based on the method, the student, together with the organization's employees, will generate interrelationship diagraphs containing problem issues and tree diagrams containing solutions to the problems. To analyze the effectiveness of the solution proposals, they are placed against the problems. The conclusion is that the organization has quality deficiencies in the internal information flow and needs to establish simple, standardized and easily accessible documentation that is also placed in a defined location. The organization also needs to review and update the documented information.