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1
Riedel, Wolfgang. „\LaTeX \today“. Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2002. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200200450.
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Gemeinsamer Workshop von Universitaetsrechenzentrum und Professur Rechnernetze und verteilte Systeme der Fakultaet fuer Informatik der TU Chemnitz.
Darstellung des aktuellen Standes von LaTeX, ausgehend von konkreten (veralteten) Beispieldokumenten
Betrachtung von Dokumentklasse (KOMA-Script), Layout, PDF-Erzeugung
2
Pönisch, Jens. „Farben in LaTeX“. Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2002. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200200082.
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Marana, Aparecido Nilceu. „Integrador FIG-LATEX“. [s.n.], 1990. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/276120.
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Orientador : Tomasz KowaltowskiDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Ciencia da Computação
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Resumo: TEX é um sistema de composição computadorizada de textos desenvolvido por Donald E. Knuth que apresenta excelentes resultados a.o compor textos, especialmente textos matemáticos. Com o intuito de auxiliar os usuários de TEX, Leslie Lamport desenvolveu sobre ele o sistema LATEX. Infelizmente, TEX- não dispõe de recursos gráficos e aqueles existentes em LATEX são muito restritos. Descreve-se, neste trabalho, a integração da linguagem FIG ao sistema LATEX. A partir desta integração, o usuário passa a especificar as figuras em FIG no próprio texto, no local onde deseja inseri-Ia. Tais figuras são convertidas em comandos LATEX ou PostScript. No final do processamento, obtêm-se as figuras automaticamente inseridas no texto que, então, pode ser submetido a LATEX.
Abstract: TEX is a computerized typesetting system developed by Donald E. Knuth designed to handle especially well mathematical texts. Leslie Lamport's LATEX system as developed as its extension for relatively all experienced users. TEX does not indude any facilities for drawillg pictures, and those existing in LATEX are very restricted. It's described in this work the integration of the language FIG into the LATEX system wruch allows the user to place the specifications of rus drawings within the LATEX text. These specifications are automatically translated into LATEX or PostScript commands, so that the drawings are inserted into the resulting text
Mestrado
Mestre em Ciência da Computação
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Sokol, Miroslav. „Online LaTeX editor“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236475.
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This diploma thesis has its purpose in creating such an editor of LATEX language, which would succeed in the competition of existing solutions. To offer users a basis typical for this type of editors and add functions that will make him a unique project. The progress went in a direction of transparent environment and completely trivial operating. Most of the functions are available through 1 click only. Predefined templates are displayed immediately including previews and it is possible to download them with all source codes. Some kinds of actions redraw the whole content of the page. In other cases, we used update panels for partially redraw the content or client javascript. Due to available archivation of .zip files we can even process more files at the same time. Program is designed in a way to be able to further continue developing it and even broaden his features.
5
Gomes, Willian Pereira. „Prevulcanização do látex natural extraído da "hancornia speciosa gomes" (Mangabeira) e da "hevea brasiliensis" (seringueira) /“. Ilha Solteira, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/136022.
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Orientador: José Antonio MalmongeBanca: Rosangela da Silva de Lauretiz
Banca: Rogério Manoel Biagi Moreno
Resumo: A borracha natural é um dos polímeros mais consumidos mundialmente, onde seu principal mercado é o setor pneumático com cerca de três quartos do consumo total. A seringueira é a mais importante produtora de borracha natural, sendo responsável por cerca de 99% da produção mundial A mangabeira é também uma arvore lactescente produzida quase em sua totalidade de forma extrativista e visada somente para a produção do seu fruto, a mangaba. Embora já ter sido utilizada comercialmente em períodos emergenciais, hoje a borracha natural provinda da mangabeira não tem qualquer utilização tecnológica, pois é considerada uma borracha de qualidade inferior. Neste trabalho foram produzidos filmes de borracha prevulcanizada com o látex de seringueira, de mangabeira e também com a mistura (m/m) do látex de mangabeira no látex de seringueira, nas proporções de 95/5, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30 e 60/40. Os resultados mostraram que o número de ligações cruzadas, tensão na ruptura e dureza Shore A são dependentes do sistema de vulcanização convencional, semi-eficiente ou eficiente, e da temperatura e do tempo de cozimento do latex de ambas as fontes. Os valores dessas propriedades encontrados para a borracha da mangabeira foram inferiores ao da borracha da seringueira. O maior valor de tensão de ruptura, dureza Shore e deformação encontrada para a borracha de seringueira foi alcançado utilizando o sistema convencional com 3 horas de cozimento sob 80°C. Esses valores são: 22 MPa, 42 Shore A e 895% o que é aproximadamente 150%, 68% e 25%, respectivamente, maiores do que os maiores valores encontrados para a borracha da mangabeira (8,8 MPa, 25 Shore A e 714%) que foi obtido utilizando o sistema semi-eficiente. As borrachas obtidas da mistura dos látex apresentaram, para composições inferiores a 20%, em massa de borracha de mangabeira, um comportamento similar a da seringueira mostrando ser viável a sua utilização para fabricação...
Abstract: Natural rubber is one of the most consumed polymer in the worldwide and pneumatic industry is responsible for approximately three fourths of total consumption. Hevea brasiliensis is the most important producer of natural rubber, being responsible for 99% of global production. The Hancornia speciosa Gomes is also produces white latex that can be tapped from the tree similarly to Hevea. Although it has been used commercially in emergency periods, nowadays Hancornia rubber has no technology use due to its low production and rubber quality. The latex blend can be a viable alternative to the use of mangabeira latex as one additional income besides of fruit commercialization. In this sense, the proposal of this work was to evaluate the influence of prevulcanization condition in the Hancornia speciosa Gomes (mangabeira) and Hevea brasiliensis (seringueira) latexes and also in its mixture, on the rubber proprieties. The latexes were prevulcanizated by conventional (CV), semi-efficient (SEV) and efficient (EV) vulcanization systems under temperatures of 60, 70 and 80 ° C. The crosslinked quantity was investigated by the swelling technique and the mechanical proprieties were obtained from tensile experiments and shore A hardness. The results showed that the quantity of crosslinked, stress at break and shore hardness are dependent of prevulcanization condition. The values of these proprieties found for mangabeira rubber were lower than the values found for the seringueira rubber. The highest stress at break, shore hardness and strain to seringueira and mangabeira rubber were obtained using the CV and SEV systems, respectively, under temperature of 80° C for 3 hours. Theses value are: 22 MPa, 42 shore A and 895% that are around 150%, 68% e 25%, respectively, higher than found to mangabeira rubber (8,8 MPa, 25 Shore A and 714%). The rubbers obtained from mixture of latex have the mechanical proprieties closed to the seringueira rubber for blends ...
Mestre
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Agostini, Deuber Lincon da Silva. „Caracterização dos constituintes do látex e da borracha natural que estimulam a angiogênese /“. Presidente Prudente, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94503.
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Orientador: Aldo Eloizo JobBanca: Gabriel Pinto de Souza
Banca: Ana Maria Pires
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais, PosMat, tem carater institucional e integra as atividades de pesquisa em materiais de diversos campi da Unesp
Resumo: As membranas de borracha natural são usadas frequentemente como material biológico na indução de angiogênese e neoformação. Neste trabalho foram realizados estudos com objetivo de identificar os componentes do látex que são responsáveis pelo processo de angiogênese e neoformação. O látex, as fases centrifugadas do látex e as membranas da borracha natural, tratados termicamente em 60, 85 e 120ºC, foram liofilizados para a redução de água nos mesmos. A caracterização de tais materiais foi realizada por espectroscopia infravermelha (FTIR), micro-Raman, ressonância magnética nuclear (NMR - 1H e 13C), difração de raio x (DRX), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e microscopia de força atômica (AFM), análise do termogravimétrica (TG) acoplado com infravermelho (TG/FT-IR), calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC), análise dinâmico mecânica (DMA) e o método de Bradford. Nos resultados de espectroscopia no infravermelho, micro de Raman, NMR (1H e 13C), de raios x e TG/FT-IR; os componentes químicos do látex, das fases centrifugadas do látex e das membranas da borracha natural foram identificados. A técnica de TG foi utilizada para avaliar a estabilidade térmica e os resultados mostraram que as membranas obtidas a 60ºC possuem maior estabilidade. Nos resultados de DSC notou-se que a transição vítrea acontece em ~ -68ºC, para todos os materiais que contêm isopreno e a degradação estrutural ocorrem em torno de 376ºC. As transições de vítreas foram confirmadas através dos resultados de DMA. O látex centrifugado apresenta três fases: partículas de borracha (F1), lutóides (F2) e Frey-Wyssling (F3). Nas frações F2 e F3 o isopreno é ausente, ou apresenta pequena proporção, mas contêm diversos componentes químicos: proteínas, ácidos aminados e grupos funcionais que podem induzir o angiogênese e a neoformação em tecidos biológicos...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Natural latex and natural rubber membranes are frequently used as biomaterial in the angiogenesis induction and neoformation of biological tissues. Our studies aimed to study and identify the latex components that are responsible for angiogenesis and neoformation processes. The natural latex, the centrifuged latex phases and the natural rubber membranes were thermally treated at 60, 85 and 120ºC and afterward all samples were lyophilized. The characterization of such materials were carried out using infrared (FT-IR), micro Raman spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR - 1H e 13C), X-ray diffraction, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetry analysis coupled with infrared (TG/FT-IR), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and the method of Bradford. From the results of infrared and micro Raman spectroscopy, NMR (1H e 13C), X-rays and TG/FT-IR the chemical components present in the latex, in the centrifuged latex phases and in natural rubber membranes were identified. TG technique was used to evaluate the thermal stability and results showed that membranes obtained at 60ºC present greater stability, up to 350ºC. From DSC results it was found that the glass transition happens at -68ºC, for all materials containing isoprene, and the structural degradation occurs at 376ºC. Glass transitions were confirmed also by DMA results. Centrifuged latex presents three phases: rubber particles (F1), lutoids (F2) and Frey-Wyssling (F3). In the fractions F2 and F3 the isoprene is absent but they contain several chemical components: proteins, amino acids and functional groups that can induce angiogenesis and neoformation on biological tissues. The treated membrane 60ºC of natural rubber showed the highest angiogenesis and neoformation activities. Furthermore, membranes containing pores favor the cicatrization process and the vascularization processes.
Mestre
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Wisunthorn, Pansook Suwaluk. „Etude de l'élaboration par séchage et des propriétés fonctionnelles de films à base de latex naturel d'Hevea brasiliensis“. Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20051.
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Kyselák, Antonín. „Revizní systém pro LaTeX“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236441.
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This study describes the design of an integrated tool in text editor designated for documents written in LaTeX format. It offers the ability of tracking, storing and approving changes in document as a support for team cooperation, when writing a document. Application is designed mainly for operating system Windows. It works with LaTeX distribution MikTeX and the text editor Texmaker.
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Mulder-Houdayer, Stéphanie. „Modification chimique en milieu latex des polyisoprènes époxydés“. Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066344.
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La modification chimique des polyisoprenes epoxydes, largement etudiee au cours des dernieres decennies en milieu solvant, a ete envisagee sur le latex de caoutchouc naturel pour des raisons environnementales et economiques. L'utilisation d'un latex de polyisoprene de synthese (le lir-700) comme modele du latex de caoutchouc naturel a ete envisagee afin de s'affranchir des constituants non caoutchouc presents dans ce dernier. Une etude systematique de la modification au premier degre c'est-a-dire la reaction d'epoxydation a ete realisee sur les deux latex afin de determiner les conditions optimales de stabilite des latex et de selectivite de la reaction. Il a ete demontre que le facteur essentiel qui influence la reaction et la stabilite du latex obtenu est la nature du tensioactif utilise pour la stabilisation, qui doit etre non ionique. Disposant de tels latex epoxydes, l'addition de differents nucleophiles sur les oxiranes a ete envisagee en se referant aux resultats obtenus en milieu solvant. Il a ete montre que l'acide dibutylphosphorique presentait une excellente aptitude a s'additionner sur les latex epoxydes. Celui-ci a ete retenu pour la realisation d'une etude systematique sur le latex de polyisoprene synthetique epoxyde car ce dernier est beaucoup plus stable que le latex de caoutchouc naturel epoxyde. Cette etude a contribue a definir les conditions operatoires optimales qui permettent d'obtenir une selectivite de reaction elevee, tout en conservant la stabilite du latex. De plus, cette analyse a montre que le parametre important qui influence la reaction est le ph du milieu, qui doit etre le plus acide possible sans toutefois depasser un seuil critique au-dela duquel le latex se destabilise de maniere irreversible. Dans le cas du latex de caoutchouc naturel epoxyde, des conditions encore plus douces de reaction (dilution du latex, faible taux de caoutchouc sec, faible taux d'epoxydation) doivent etre utilisees pour eviter la coagulation du latex. L'etude de la stabilite des latex naturel et synthetique ainsi modifies a montre que ceux-ci etaient moins stables que leurs homologues epoxydes.
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Tabe, J. O. „Synthesis and characterisation of composite latex particles based on a natural rubber latex“. Thesis, Lancaster University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268115.
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Kerche-Silva, Leandra Ernst. „Avaliação in vitro e in vivo da capacidade antioxidante e antitumoral da fração C do látex de Hevea brasiliensis RRIM 600 /“. Presidente Prudente, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148926.
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Orientador: Aldo Eloizo JobBanca: Eduardo Rene Perez Gonzalez
Banca: Edgardo Alfonso Gomes Pineda
Banca: Antonio Hernandes Chaves Neto
Banca: Aneli de Melo Barbosa
Resumo: Biomateriais podem ser definidos como dispositivos que entram em contato com sistemas biológicos tanto na forma de sólidos quanto de líquidos e géis. Para um novo biomaterial, são necessários testes toxicológicos e de interação in vitro e in vivo. O látex é uma substância branca e leitosa que exsuda da casca da Hevea brasiliensis quando a mesma é perfurada e que tem sido apontado como um biomaterial promissor. O látex quando centrifugado em alta velocidade é separado em três frações: a fração com partículas de borracha, uma fração aquosa chamada fração C e uma fração de fundo chamada fração B. A fração C é a fração metabolicamente ativa do látex. Assim, o presente estudo investigou os potenciais efeitos antioxidantes, citotóxicos, genotóxicos e antitumorais da fração C do látex da Hevea brasiliensis. Para isso, foram utilizados os testes de sequestro de radicais livres e capacidade antioxidante total em meio in vitro sem células; o teste do MTT, o ensaio do cometa, avaliação de morte celular com coloração com Hoechst 33342 e Iodeto de Propídio (PI) e avaliação de parâmetros bioquímicos de estresse oxidativo em meio in vitro com duas linhagens celulares, a CHO-k1, linhagem de células normais de epitélio de ovário de hamster, e a B16F10, linhagem de células de melanoma murino; e a ação da fração C na indução de carcinoma de células escamosas (SCC) em camundongos SKH-1 por exposição crônica à radiação UVB. Nossos resultados mostraram que a fração C é antioxidante, com capacidade... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Biomaterials can be defined as devices that come in contact with biological systems in the form of solids, liquids and gels. In vitro and in vivo toxicological tests are needed for a new biomaterial to come out. Latex is a while and milky solution that exsudes from Hevea Brasiliensis bark when perforated, and it has been appointed as a new promising biomaterial. When centrifuged in high speed, latex can be separated in three parts: rubber particle fraction, aqueous C-serum fraction and a bottom fraction called B-serum. C-serum is the part that is metabolically active. In this way, the aim of this work was to investigate potential antioxidant, cytotoxic, genotoxic and antitumor effect of latex C-serum from Hevea brasiliensis. For this purpose, we used in vitro free-radical scavenger and total antioxidant capacity tests; MIT test, comet assay, staining with Hoechst 33342 and Propidium Iodide (PI) to evaluate cell death, and evaluation of biochemical parameters of oxidative stress in Chinese hamster ovary epithelium normal cell line, CHO-K1, and murine melanoma cell line, B16F10; and C-serum effects in the inductino of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in KKH-1 mice by chronic UVB exposure. Our results show that latex C-serum is an antioxidant compound that was able to scavenge HO and NO radicals and H2O2. C-serum did not after the cell viability in CHO-k1 cells and it did not promote DNA damage in these cells, it did not after the levels of apoptotic and necrotic cells for this cell lineage and did not alter total thiol and MDA levels in these cells. However, for B16F10 cells, latex C-serum presented antitumor effect, reducing cell viability, inducing DNA damage and cell death, and altering total thiol and MDA levels in these cells. In the animals chronically exposed to UVA radiation, latex C-serum proteted the erythrocytes and skin cells from oxidative stress promote by the irradiation, and... (Complete abstract electronic access below)
Doutor
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Gay, Gérard. „L'allergie immediate au latex naturel“. Angers, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ANGE1042.
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Paakkonen, Johan. „Surfactants in anionic latex films“. Thesis, Karlstads Universitet, Avdelningen för kemi och biomedicinsk vetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-6389.
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Pönisch, Jens. „KOMA-Script - \LaTeX für Europa“. Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2000. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200000476.
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Lewis, D. „Enzyme adsorption to polystyrene latex“. Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382347.
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DOBLER, FRANCIS. „Mecanismes de coalescence des latex“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR13048.
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Les mecanismes de coalescence des latex donnes dans la litterature sont discutes. Cette etude bibliographique identifie les parametres des latex determinant les conditions de coalescence. Ils ont conduit a la definition de latex modeles pour l'etude du mecanisme de coalescence. Ces latex sont de morphologie core-shell. Le cur est un copolymere p(styrene/acrtylate de butyle). L'ecorce est un copolymere de p(st/abu/acide methacrylique). Son taux d'ama determine la tension interfaciale particule/eau. Un mode de synthese par inversion core-shell a ete developpe pour produire ces latex. Les particules de latex sont caracterisees par la repartition de l'ama, leur tension interfaciale avec l'eau, l'adsorption de sds et a partir des proprietes mecaniques des films formes par coalescence. Une methode d'etude de la coalescence en phase aqueuse a ete developpee. Elle permet de suivre les cinetiques de coalescence des particules sous l'action de la seule tension interfaciale particule/eau. La coalescence dans les conditions standards, c'est-a-dire avec evaporation de l'eau a ete caracterisee. On montre qu'aux temperatures (t) et humidites relatives limites (hr) de formation de film, la coalescence est assuree par des forces specifiquement liees a l'evaporation de l'eau. Le mecanisme propose reprend la description proposee par sheetz. Au-dessus des conditions de t et hr limites, la tension interfaciale particule/eau peut devenir une contribution importante. L'influence de la vitesse d'evaporation de l'eau sur la capacite a former un film par coalescence a ete discutee
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Roulstone, Brian John. „Permeation through polymer latex films“. Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276014.
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Margarit-Puri, Kristina. „Funktionalisierte Latexpartikel“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://ArchiMeD.uni-mainz.de/pub/2002/0023/diss.pdf.
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Egen, Marc. „Funktionale dreidimensionale photonische Kristalle aus Polymerlatizes“. [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=96927923X.
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Belaroui, Farid. „Distribution d'espèces de faibles masses moléculaires, hydrosolubles et tensioactives dans les films de latex acryliques“. Mulhouse, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MULH0682.
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L'objectif principal de notre travail était d'apporter une contribution au problème de la distribution des petites molécules dans les films de latex. Deux questions, ont été examinés par diffusion des neutrons aux petits angles : la coalescence des particules et la désorption du tensioactif de l'interface particule-eau lorsque les particules entrent en contact. Concernant la coalescence, il a été montré qu'elle est contrariée par une augmentation de la Tg du coeur, du pH et de la concentration en acide acrylique dans l'écorce. L'étude de la désorption du SDS montre qu'elle précède largement la coalescence mais demeure incomplète : une certaine quantité de tensioactif reste piégée à l'interface et n'est libérée que lors de la coalescence. Un des objectifs importants de ce travail au niveau distribution était de sonder également le volume des films, et non plus seulement les interfaces, par l'utilisation de la spectroscopie Raman confocale. Les distributions de l'ion sulfate et du SDS dans les films présentent à la fois des analogies et de grandes différences. Le sulfate est entraîné par convection vers le substrat, d'autant plus efficacement que le coeur des particules est plus souple et la concentration en acide acrylique plus faible. Le SDS, quant à lui, est surconcentré préférentiellement à la surface du film, bien que l'interface avec le substrat soit enrichie également. Néanmoins, l'enrichissement en SDS présente les mêmes dépendances par rapport aux paramètres des systèmes que le sulfate. L'examen de l'intérieur des filins révèle une répartition d'agrégats de petites molécules et de distribution de taille des agrégats très différentes entre le sulfate et le SDS. La synthèse de l'ensemble des résultats conduit à une connaissance plus fine du rôle de certains paramètres clés tels que la nature de la particule, la coalescence, la désorption du tensioactif, la convection par les front s de séchage,. . . Sur la distribution des petites molécules dans les films de latex.
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Abenhaim, Cécile. „Allergie aux gants en latex. Dosage des protéines extractibles contenues dans les gants en latex“. Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P140.
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Bernas, Siti Masreah. „Latex and poly-DADMAC as soil conditioners“. Title page, contents and summary only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb523.pdf.
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Copies of author's previously published articles inserted. Bibliography: p. 110-123. Two types of polymer, latex, a hydrophobic natural uncharged polymer, and, poly-diallyl dimethil ammonium chloride (poly-DADMAC), a hydrophilic synthetic positively charged polymer, were used as soil conditioners. Their effects on the stability of soil structure, hydrophobicity and on the growth of ryegrass were investigated. The study also monitored the rate of decomposition of latex in soil.
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Maier, Gunther. „LaTeX - Know what you are missing“. ERSA (European Regional Science Association), 2016. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5280/1/176%2D826%2D1%2DPB.pdf.
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This article gives a brief introduction to LATEX and related tools. The aim is to give an overview, to demonstrate the
exibility and versatility of the software, and
to assist the reader taking first steps using it. The article links to a number of valuable resources for further information. (author's abstract)
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Spin, José Rodolfo. „Efeito da membrana de látex natural sobre o reparo de áreas doadoras do palato para enxerto gengival livre : estudo clínico, controlado e randomizado /“. Araraquara, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154074.
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Orientador: Rosemary Adriana Chiérici MarcantonioResumo: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito de uma membrana de látex natural sobre a cicatrização de feridas no palato duro provenientes da remoção de enxerto gengival livre. Vinte e quatro pacientes participaram desse estudo e foram divididos aleatoriamente em 2 grupos de acordo com o tratamento utilizado para proteger o leito doador: Grupo controle (GC): A ferida foi recoberta com placa acrílica associada ao cimento cirúrgico (n=14); Grupo Látex (GL): A ferida foi recoberta com placa acrílica associada a membrana de látex natural (n=10). Foram realizadas tomadas fotográficas padronizadas das regiões das feridas nos períodos de baseline, 3, 7, 15 e 30 dias após o procedimento cirúrgico. Um examinador cego e calibrado realizou avaliação clínica, levando se em consideração os parâmetros: 1) fechamento de ferida; 2) área de superfície epitelizada por meio da utilização da água oxigenada aplicada na região; 3) Avaliação do auto relato de sensação dolorosa por meio da aplicação da escala de dor VAS. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que em ambos os grupos, houve diminuição gradativa da área da ferida cirúrgica, sendo que a partir dos 15 dias essa era inexistente para todos os pacientes avaliados e em relação à dor houve uma redução significativa da sensibilidade dolorosa relatada pelos pacientes do grupo látex em relação ao grupo controle. O uso da membrana de látex não promoveu efeito adicional a cicatrização, apresentando os mesmos resultados clínicos que a utilização de cimento... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The aim of this project was to evaluate the effect of a natural latex membrane in wound healing on donor sites of free gingival grafts. Twenty-four patients were used in this study and were randomly divided in 2 groups according with the treatment used to protect the donor site: Control group (CG) – Donor site was covered with an acrylic plate associated with surgical cement (n=14); Látex group (LG) – Donor site was covered with acrylic plate associated with a natural latex membrane and surgical cement (n=10). At baseline, 3, 7, 15 and 30 days after surgery, standardized photos of the wound were taken. A blind and calibrated examiner made the clinical evaluation by considering the parameters: 1) total wound area; 2) epithelized surface area through the use of hydrogen peroxide applied in the region; 3) Evaluation of self-report of pain sensation through the application of the VAS pain scale. The achieve results showed that both groups had a gradual decrease in the area of the surgical wound, and from 15 days this was non-existent for all patients evaluated and on the pain avaliation we found that the patients in latex group had significant reduction in reported pain when compared to the control group. The use of natural latex membrane didn’t promote any additional effect for wound healing, showing the same clinical results as the use of surgical cement with the addition of a lower pain report by the patients.
Mestre
25
Joumaa, Nancy. „Élaboration de latex fluorescents et de latex magnétiques par polymérisation en miniémulsion en vue d'applications biomédicales“. Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10300.
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Ce travail a consisté à élaborer deux types de particules de latex submicroniques, l’un fluorescent et l’autre magnétique, en vue d’applications dans le diagnostic biomédical. La synthèse de particules de latex fluorescentes, submicroniques et isodisperses en taille, a été réalisée en incorporant des Quantum dots (QDs ; CdSe/ZnS), par polymérisation en miniémulsion. L’étude a montré que l’intensité de fluorescence des particules augmente linéairement avec la concentration initiale des QDs. L’utilisation de QDs sans la couche de ZnS a conduit à des particules peu fluorescentes. Les particules submicroniques élaborées peuvent être fonctionnalisées par des groupements carboxyliques. Enfin, la taille des particules peut être contrôlée par la concentration initiale de tensioactif (SDS). Parallèlement, des particules magnétiques ont été préparées en utilisant un ferrofluide composé de nanoparticules d’oxyde de fer stabilisées dans le styrène par un tensioactif phosphaté polymérisable ou “surfmère”. Ces ferrofluides organiques stables et superparamagnétiques ont été encapsulés par polymérisation en miniémulsion et donnent lieu à des particules de latex dans lesquelles la répartition des oxydes de fer est homogène au sein de la matrice polymère. Les propriétés magnétiques des particules dépendent des caractéristiques du ferrofluide utiliséThe aim of this work was the elaboration of two kinds of latexes, fluorescent and magnetic, for diagnosis purpose. The synthesis of submicrometer and monodisperse fluorescent particles was carried out via the encapsulation of Quantum Dots (QDs; CdSe/ZnS) by miniemulsion polymerization. The results showed that the fluorescence signal of the particles increased linearly with the initial concentration of QDs. The use of QDs without the ZnS layer led to particules exhibiting a low fluorescent signal. The particles can also be functionalized by carboxylic groups. Finally, particle size can be adjusted by the initial surfactant (SDS) concentration. In parallel, magnetic particles were prepared using a ferrofluid composed of iron oxide nanoparticles stabilized in styrene by a reactive surfactant or “surfmer”. These stable and superparamagnetic organic ferrofluids were encapsulated by miniemulsion polymerization and led to latex particles in which the distribution of iron oxide was homogeneous within the polymer matrix. Magnetic properties of the particles are directly related with the characteristics of the ferrofluid used
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Chern, Chorng-Shyan. „Polymerization in non-uniform latex particles“. Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12170.
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Said, M. M. „Peroxide prevulcanization of natural rubber latex“. Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233004.
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The peroxide prevulcanization of NR latex using a range of commercially-available organic peroxides and an inorganic peroxide (potassium peroxydisulphate), in both activated and non-activated systems, has been investigated. A range of reducing agents and compounds that are known to promote peroxide-initiated emulsion polymerization and peroxide curing of po1yesters have been evaluated as promoters for the peroxide prevulcanization of NR latex. A few reactive peroxyesters have been found to be effective as prevulcanizing agents at temperatures in the range 80 °C-lOO °C. the effectiveness of the prevulcanization systems was characterized by the rate and efficiency of crosslinking achieved by these systems. Fructose-activated peroxyester and fructoseactivated hydroperoxide systems were found to effect prevulcanization at temperatures in the range 50 °C-80 °C. There is no clear correlation between the structure/reactivity of peroxyesters and the effectiveness of fructose-activated prevulcanization systems. The relative reactivity of the alkoxy radicals generated by the commercial hydro peroxides PQ~tly exp\a~~s the differences in the effectiveness of various fructose-activated hydroperoxide prevulcanization systems. The prevulcanization kinetics for the fructose-activated t-butyl peroxyisobutyrate (tBPIB) system have been investigated. The overal rate of tBPIB decomposition in NR latex, in both non-activated and fructose-activated systems was found to be first-order reaction with respect to tBPIB concentration. However, investigation of initial rate of tBPIB decomposition in NR latex indicates that the initial rate of tBPIB decomposition in NR latex is half order with respect to initial tBPIB concentration. This is probably a consequence of induced decomposition of tBPIB by certain non-rubber substances, and_termination by recombination of radicals derived from tBPIB. But, the reason for the difference in the reaction order with respect to tBPIB concentration, at the initial stage of the reaction and during the run is not clear. The prevulcanization kinetics also exhibit a number of other peculiar characteristics. Thus at temperatures greater than 70°C, and using a high fructose concentration, the rate coefficient for crosslink formation tends to be greater than that for peroxide decomposition. This is probably attributed to the differences in the temperature-coefficients of the various competing reactions during peroxide prevulcanization of NR latex. The instantaneous crosslinking efficiency was found to increase linearly with prevulcanization time. At temperatures greater than 70°C, the instantaneous crosslinking efficiency can attain values greater than 50%, indicating the involvement of alkyl radicals as well as the alkoxy radicals in the crosslinking reaction. The experimental activation energies for peroxide decomposition and crosslink formation were found to decrease to apparently constant values with increasing fructose/ peroxide concentration ratio. The rate of tBPIB decomposition was found to be significantly determined by activation free energy and not just activation energy for the decomposition. The factors which influence the physical properties of films from peroxide-prevulcanized NR latex have been investigated. The crosslink concentration was found to be the most important factor in determining the physical properties of films from peroxide-prevulcanized NR latex. Factors that account for the differences in the physical properties of films from peroxide- and sulphur-prevulcanized latices, and peroxide gum NR vulcanizates have been discussed. Attempts to improve the ageing properties of films from peroxideprevulcanized NR latex indicate that a preventive antioxidant is an essential component for an effective antioxidant system for these films.
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Lee, Wai Peng. „Cracking during drying of latex films“. Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434529.
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Santos, Regina Maria da Silva Feu 1966. „Assistencia de enfermagem perioperatoria a pacientes alergicos ao latex“. [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309525.
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Orientador: Gloria Maria Braga Poterio, Ilka de Fatima S. Ferreira BoinDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: A elaboração da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem é um dos meios de que o enfermeiro dispõe para aplicar seus conhecimentos técnico-científicos e humanos na assistência ao paciente e caracterizar sua prática profissional, colaborando na definição do seu papel. O objetivo do presente estudo, foi contribuir para diminuir o risco de acidentes alérgicos, durante o período perioperatório, quando do atendimento a pacientes alérgicos ao látex, identificando antecedentes de risco e transmitindo-lhes informações sobre a alergia ao látex. Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo, de caráter descritivo e exploratório realizado com pacientes cirúrgicos eletivos, com história pregressa de reação comprovada a produtos que continham látex. Como resultados, foram identificados produtos que continham látex e produtos isentos de látex, para atendimento perioperatório. Por meio da visita pré-operatória, foram identificados fatores que pudessem expor o paciente a riscos. A proposta da confecção de um protocolo perioperatório para atendimento de pacientes alérgicos ao látex foi particularmente importante e encontra-se em fase de pré-teste. É importante destacar que é função do enfermeiro do centro cirúrgico proporcionar estrutura física, recursos humanos e materiais para que o ato anestésico-cirúrgico seja realizado em condições ideais, visando à assistência integral ao paciente, principalmente utilizando dados previamente coletados por meio da Vpré-OE. Dos resultados obtidos nas condições adotadas neste estudo nos permitiram concluir que os fatores de risco detectados, alimentares ou não, coincidem com os citados na literatura, mas diferem quanto à freqüência. Dentre as alergias às frutas, as mais freqüentes, em ordem decrescente, foram maracujá, banana e nozes; e em menor e igual percentual, tomate, abacate, kiwi, abacaxi e laranja.
Abstract: The elaboration of the Systematization of Nursing Assistance is one of the means that the nurse applies his/her technical-scientific and human knowledge on the assistance to the patient and characterizes his professional practice, collaborating on the definition of his/her role. The main objective is to reduce the risk of allergic accidents during the Peroperative period, of attending allergic patients to latex by identifying previous risk patients and providing knowledge concerning latex allergy. It is a prospective descriptive and exploratory study accomplished with surgical chosen patients with former proven history of reaction to products that contained latex. As results, products that contained latex were identified and products exempt from latex for preoperative assistance, as well as by means of a pre-surgical visit, factors that could put the patient at risk were identified. The proposal of making a Peroperative protocol for assisting patients allergic to latex was particularly important and is in phase of pre-testing. It is worth pointing out that due to the CC nurse providing physical structure, human resources and materials for the anesthetic/surgical procedure to be performed in ideal conditions, in view of the complete assistance to the patient, specially using data previously collected by the (Vpré-OE). The results obtained with the conditions adopted in this study allow us to conclude: The risk factors detected, related to nourishment or not, correspond to the ones mentioned in literature, but differ with regards to its frequency. Amongst the allergies to fruits, the most frequent ones in decreasing order were: passion fruit, banana and nuts and in less or similar percentage, tomato, avocado, kiwi, pineapple and orange.
Mestrado
Pesquisa Experimental
Mestre em Cirurgia
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Ferreira, Lucilene dos Reis Barros. „Estudo das propriedades mecânicas do concreto com adição de látex para aplicação em pavimento /“. Ilha Solteira, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/149942.
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Orientador: Maria da Consolação Fonseca de AlbuquerqueResumo: Esta dissertação trata-se de uma pesquisa, com acréscimo de látex natural e látex sintético SBR (estireno butadieno) na massa do concreto para aplicação em pavimento e análise de seu comportamento, tanto no estado fresco quanto endurecido. A proposta visa analisar o comportamento do látex sintético SBR e do látex coletado diretamente do seringal, apenas com adição de amônia. Sendo que o látex sintético já é usado para ser acrescido na argamassa. Os ensaios realizados foram de: Resistência à compressão axial, Resistência à tração na flexão e Módulo de Elasticidade para as idades de 7, 28 e 50 dias. Em uma segunda etapa, foram realizados novos ensaios, mas com o látex sem a amônia, apenas com o látex puro, apenas para analisar a influência da amônia. Nessa nova etapa foi realizado, somente ensaio de resistência à compressão. Os resultados mostraram que o látex com a amônia diminuíram as resistências à compressão e à tração na flexão para as idades de 7 e 28 dias e para 50 dias essa tendência desaparece. O módulo de elasticidade também apresentou queda, para o concreto com látex com amônia, entretanto isto é positivo para o concreto aplicado em pavimento, pois indica um aumento na capacidade de deformação para a mesma carga, ou seja, o material apresentou maior capacidade de deformação elástica. O módulo de elasticidade para o concreto com látex sintético foi maior que o de referência, para todas as idades. O Látex sem a amônia apresentou queda para o ensaio de resistência à com... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This dissertation is about a research, with addition of natural latex and synthetic latex SBR (styrene butadiene) in the concrete mass for application in pavement and analysis of its behavior, in both the fresh and hardened state. The purpose is analyze the behavior of synthetic latex SBR (styrene butadiene) and latex collected directly from the rubber tree, being that the synthetic latex is already used to be added in concrete. The tests were: axial compression strength, flexural tensile strength and modulus of elasticity for the ages of 7, 28 and 50 days. In a second step, new tests were performed, but with latex without ammonia, only with pure latex to analyze the influence of ammonia. In this new step, only the compressive strength test was performed. The results showed that latex with ammonia decreased the compressive and flexural tensile strengths at the ages of 7 and 28 days and for 50 days this tendency disappears. The modulus of elasticity also showed a drop, for latex concrete with ammonia, however this is positive for the concrete applied in pavement, since it indicates an increase in the capacity of deformation for the same load, that is, it indicates that the material is more ductile. The modulus of elasticity for concrete with synthetic latex was higher than the reference, for all ages. Latex without ammonia showed a drop for the compressive strength test, confirming that the additive applied not to allow the latex to stiffen does not influence the properties o... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
31
Rouquet, Olivier. „Allergie au latex : enquête épidémiologique en milieu hospitalier“. Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON11035.
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Huda, Sfeir. „Ingénierie macromoléculaire pour la synthèse de particules de latex par polymérisation en miniémulsion“. Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3002/document.
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Au cours de ce travail de thèse, nous avons étudié la synthèse de particules de latex par polymérisation en miniémulsion, un procédé de polymérisation en milieu aqueux dispersé. Nous avons synthétisé avec succès et de manière contrôlée des particules de latex de polystyrène de masse molaire élevée (Mn > 30 000 g.mol-1) par polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée par les nitroxydes (NMP) en miniémulsion, en présence et en absence de tensio-actif moléculaire. Des latex stables présentant des diamètres de l’ordre de 150 – 200 nm ont été synthétisés. Une seconde partie de ce travail de thèse est dédié à la transposition de la polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée par les nitroxydes amorcée depuis la surface (« surface-initiated NMP ») d’un procédé en masse vers un procédé en milieu aqueux dispersé (miniémulsion) en vue de synthétiser des nanoparticules cœur@écorce de type silica@polystyrène. La dernière partie du travail de thèse est consacrée à la synthèse de stabilisants polymères et plus précisément à la synthèse de copolymères amphiphiles à base de dextrane ou de poly(acide acrylique) modifiés de manière hydrophobes par des terpènes. L’efficacité de stabilisation de tels copolymères synthétisés à partir de bio-resources a été étudiée au travers leur capacité à stabiliser la polymérisation en miniémulsion du styrène. Tout au long de ce travail, les caractéristiques macromoléculaires des polymères ainsi que la taille et la morphologie des particules ont été caractérisées respectivement par chromatographie d’exclusion stérique, diffusion dynamique de la lumière et microscopie (SEM, TEM, AFM)During the work of this PhD, we investigated the synthesis of latex particles by miniemulsion, an aqueous dispersed medium process. We managed to synthesize in a controlled manner high molar mass (Mn > 30 000 g.mol-1) polystyrene latex particles via nitroxide mediated radical polymerization (NMP) in miniemulsion in both the presence and absence of molecular surfactant. Stable latex with final diameters within the range of 150-200 nm were synthesized. A second part of the PhD work was devoted to the transposition of surface-initiated NMP from bulk polymerization to polymerization in aqueous dispersed media (miniemulsion) in order to synthesize silica@polystyrene core@shell hybrid nanoparticles. The last part of the PhD work was dedicated to the synthesis of polymeric stabilizers, more precisely to the synthesis of amphiphilic copolymers based on dextran or poly(acrylic acid) polymers hydrophobically modified by terpenes. The stabilization efficiency of such copolymers synthesized from renewable resources to stabilize styrene miniemulsion polymerization was investigated. During this work, we characterized the macromolecular features of polymers along with the size and the morphology of the final particles by respectively size exclusion chromatography (SEC), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and microscopy (SEM, TEM, AFM)
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Keslarek, Amauri Jose. „Influencia da variação dos agentes emulsionantes na heterogeneidade de filmes de latices“. [s.n.], 2002. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250322.
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Orientador : Fernando GalembeckTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Doutorado
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Lopes, Rosimeire Aparecida Mendes. „Exposição ocupacional e hipersensibildade ao latex nos trabalhadores das equipes de enfermagem e medica da UTI neonatal de um hospital universitario“. [s.n.], 2002. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313293.
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Orientadore: Maria Cecilia Cardoso Benatti, Ricardo de Lima ZollnerDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: OBJETIVOS: Identificar a prevalência de hipersensibilidade do tipo I ao látex nos trabalhadores das equipes de enfermagem e médica da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal, verificar a associação dos fatores de risco e história de manifestações clínicas. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: Tratou-se de estudo descritivo de corte transversal, com 96 trabalhadores da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal do Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, sendo 26 enfermeiros, 23 técnicos de enfermagem, 26 auxiliares de enfermagem, dois atendentes de enfermagem, 4 médicos docentes e assistentes e cinco médicos residentes. A coleta dos dados ocorreu de julho a novembro de 2001 e constou da aplicação individual de questionário, coleta de amostra de sangue para o teste sorológico empregandose o método ELISA e testes cutâneos de punctura com antígenos extraídos de luvas de látex. Para análise estatística dos dados foi utilizada análise descritiva. Para verificar associação ou comparar proporções foi utilizado o teste exato de Fisher e na comparação de variáveis contínuas entre dois grupos, o teste de Mann-Whitney. RESULTADOS: A prevalência obtida foi de 8%, sendo dois enfermeiros, três técnicos de enfermagem, um auxiliar de enfermagem, um médico e um residente. Os oito casos tiveram teste cutâneo por punctura positivo e apenas um caso apresentou concordância entre teste sorológico e cutâneo. A média geral da idade foi de 35 anos, com população predominantemente feminina (93%) e onde se encontraram os casos positivos. A equipe de enfermagem representou 75% dos casos positivos, as equipes médica e residente representaram 12,5% cada. Não foram observadas evidências de associações entre o teste cutâneo por punctura e as características sociodemográficas estudadas, a função, o tempo de uso de luvas em anos, a dermatite de contato - prurido (n=36), fissura (n=24) e descamação (n=21) - e urticária. No grupo geral, houve evidência de associação entre o teste cutâneo por punctura e o tempo de uso diário de luvas durante o plantão, onde os casos com teste cutâneo negativo utilizavam luvas por mais tempo durante o plantão, em média 111 minutos, e os positivos utilizavam em média 56 minutos. Houve também evidência de associação para relato de atopia, sendo sete trabalhadores atópicos e um não atópico positivos ao teste cutâneo. A evidência de associação também ocorreu para o relato de eczema, onde quatro de nove sujeitos foram positivos ao teste e para a alergia alimentar, sendo que das frutas relatadas a evidência de associação ocorreu somente para alergia ao abacaxi. Para sintomas provocados pela exposição ambiental aos antígenos, a evidência de associação ocorreu para ataques de espirros, respiração difícil e angioedema e houve evidência de associação entre história sugestiva de alergia durante a realização de exames e teste cutâneo
Abstract: Objective: to identify the prevalence of type 1 hypersensitivity to latex among hospital nursing staff and doctors in a neonatal intensive care unit, verifying the association between the risk factors and the history of clinical manifestation with the test used. Subjects and methods: a cross-section descriptive survey was carried out focusing on ninety-six hospital staff from the neonatal intensive care unit of the Center of Integral Attention to Women¿s Health at the State University of Campinas. We surveyed twenty- three registered nurses, twenty-three nursing technicians, twenty-six nurses¿ aides, 2 nursing attendants, fourteen doctors, and 5 resident doctors. The collection of data occurred from July to November 2001 and all subjects were interviewed, asked to donate blood samples for the ELISA serological test, and to undergo skin prick test with an antigen extracted from latex gloves. A descriptive analysis of the statistical data was done. In order to verify association or to compare proportions, the precise test of Fisher was used and the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare continuous variables between two groups. Results: The prevalence obtained was of 8%; two registered nurses, three nursing technicians, one nurse¿s aide, one resident doctor and one doctor. The eight cases of the skin prick tests were positive, and only one serological test was in agreement with the skin test. The positive cases (93%) consisted predominantly of females with an average age of 35. The nursing staff made up 75% of the positive cases, while resident doctors and doctors made up 12,5% of the cases each. There was no evidence of associations between the skin prick test and the sociodemographic characteristics studied; the function; exposure to latex in number of years; contact dermatitis ¿ itching (n=36), cracking (n=24) and peeling (n=21) ¿ and urticaria. In the group as a whole, there was evidence of an association between the skin prick test and the daily exposure time to latex gloves while on duty, where individuals who had used latex gloves for a long period of time (111 minutes) had negative skin prick test, whereas individuals who had used the gloves for 56 minutes on average had positive skin prick test. Also, there was evidence of association between the reported atopy and the skin prick test, where eight health care workers¿ skin prick tests were positive, seven workers were atopic and one was not. Evidence of association also occurred for the reported eczema cases, where four out of nine individuals¿ tests were positive. And for the reported food allergy cases, pineapple showed evidence of association with the skin prick test. For symptoms provoked by environmental exposure to antigens, evidence of association occurred for sneezing attacks, respiration difficulty and angiodema. Also, there was evidence of association between a history suggestive of allergies in exam procedure and skin prick test
Mestrado
Enfermagem e Trabalho
Mestre em Enfermagem
35
SAMAIN, BENOIT. „Allergie immediate au latex : origine, clinique, paraclinique, conduite a tenir“. Lille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL2M194.
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Ducombs, Olivier. „Sensibilisation au latex et incidence professionnelle : étude prospective“. Bordeaux 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR2M051.
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Oliveira, Tatiana Catelan de [UNESP]. „Estudo comparativo entre peritônio bovino e biomembrana de látex natural na substituição de fragmento da parede da bexiga em coelhos (Oryctolagus cuniculus)“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89076.
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oliveira_tc_me_jabo.pdf: 2166341 bytes, checksum: 3506a5bd81e793c204aacdd18020a595 (MD5)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Neste estudo, implantou-se peritônio bovino ou biomembrana de látex natural em defeito (1,5 x 1,5 cm) induzido na parede ventral da bexiga de coelhos, com o intuito de se avaliar o processo de reparação tecidual no que se refere à biocompatibilidade, capacidade de reparação e possíveis complicações. Utilizaram-se 36 coelhos, albinos, raça Nova Zelândia Branco, adultos, machos inteiros, divididos em grupos experimentais: grupo Biomembrana (GB), grupo peritônio bovino (GP) e grupo controle (GC), cada um com 12 animais. Aos sete, 14, 30 e 60 dias de pós-operatório, os animais foram eutanasiados mediante o emprego de uma dose elevada de tiopental sódico para avaliações macroscópica e histopatológica da interface do implante com o tecido nativo. Macroscopicamente, em ambos os grupos (GB, GP e GC), observaramse, em todos os períodos, aderências de estruturas adjacentes ao local do implante, presença de cálculos e ausência de sinais de rejeição. No grupo biomembrana, aos 30 e 60 dias de pós-operatório, constatou-se a presença do biocompósito solto na luz vesical. Sob microscopia de luz, aos sete dias verificaram-se intensa reação inflamatória, neovascularização e presença de fibroblastos proliferados. Aos 14 dias não havia epitélio, porém observaram-se escassos feixes musculares, intensa neovascularização, fibroblastos e infiltrado inflamatório. No grupo GP, aos 30 dias de observação, o implante estava presente, havia fibroblastos, feixes de fibras musculares, moderada população inflamatórias e ausência de epitélio e de lâmina própria. No grupo GB, neste mesmo período, todas as camadas vesicais estavam reconstituídas. Em ambos os grupos, aos 60 dias de pós-operatório, todas as camadas vesicais encontravam-se reparadas e a membrana peritônio bovino não foi observada. No grupo GC, em todos os tempos de avaliação verificou-se integridade...
In this study, bovine peritoneum or biomembrane of natural latex were utilized to replace a section of ventral face of the bladder of rabbits, with purpose of evaluation of the tissue repair process in regard of its biocompatility, scar formation ability and possible complications. Thirty-six New Zealand rabbits, adult and entire males were divided in three experimental groups: biomembrane group (GB), bovine peritoneum group (GP) and control group (GC), each one with 12 animals. The animals were euthanized at seven, 14, 30 and 60 days post operative, by use of an elevated dosage of sodium tiopental, followed by macroscopic and histopathological analysis of the implant interface with the native tissue. Macroscopically, in both groups (GB, GP and GC), it was observed, in all time periods, structure adherence to the implant site, presence of calculi and absence of rejection signs. In the GB group, since 30 until 60 days of post operative, it was evidenced the presence of the biomembrane inside the bladder. Under light microscopy, at seven days, there were intense inflammatory reaction, new vessels and proliferated fibroblasts. In 14 days, there was no urotelium, however it saw muscle fibers, intense inflammatory cells, new vessels and fibroblasts. In the GP group, at 30 days the implant was still present, there were fibroblasts, muscle fibers, moderate population of inflammatory cells and absence of urotelium and sheath. In the GB group, in the same time period, all the vesical layers were reconstituted. In both groups, at 60 days of post operative, bladder wall was repaired and the bovine peritoneum membrane was not observed. In the GC group, all the evaluation times, integrity of the vesical wall was verified... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Goto, Tania. „Influence des paramètres moléculaires du latex sur l'hydratation, la rhéologie et les propriétés mécaniques des composites ciment / latex“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002110.
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Dans l'industrie du second œuvre, les mortiers additionnés de latex sont largement utilisés. Cependant, à côté des améliorations d'usage qu'ils confèrent aux formulations, ils sont à l'origine de temps d'hydratation des pâtes plus importants. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'expliquer l'origine de cette augmentation des temps d'hydratation et de déterminer ses répercussions sur les propriétés rhéologiques et mécaniques des composites ciment/latex. Pour cela, l'étude de l'interaction de quatre familles de latex avec un ciment gris ordinaire a été menée. Il en ressort que les charges présentes dans le système de stabilisation du latex et les molécules hydrosolubles présentes dans la phase aqueuse du latex ont une forte influence sur l'hydratation du ciment. Cette forte influence ne se retrouve cependant pas sur les propriétés rhéologiques et mécaniques de la pâte.
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Degrandi, Elise. „LATEX HYBRIDES URETHANE/ACRYLIQUE POUR APPLICATIONS ADHESIVES“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00465348.
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Cette thèse a pour objet l'étude de films adhésifs obtenus par le séchage de particules de latex hybrides uréthane/acrylique. Ces latex ont été préparés par polymérisation en miniémulsion pour assurer une incorporation homogène du polyuréthane dans chaque particule. L'étude de la morphologie des particules et des films a montré que le greffage du polyuréthane sur le réseau acrylique est essentiel pour éviter une séparation de phase à l'échelle du film, néfaste pour les propriétés macroscopiques. Les propriétés mécaniques de ces films hybrides sont contrôlés par deux paramètres indépendants : La fraction massique de polyuréthane affecte la viscoélasticité linéaire de ces films adhésifs alors que le taux de greffage du polyuréthane modifie le comportement en grandes déformations en modifiant la maille du réseau réticulé. En modifiant le taux de greffage, il est possible de maintenir un niveau d'adhérence satisfaisant par rapport à un film d'acrylique pur tout en augmentant la cohésion dans le matériau et donc la résistance au cisaillement. Cette méthode de synthèse par miniémulsion peut être transposée vers un processus plus industriel et l'effet des paramètres moléculaires reste globalement le même. L'effet du greffage apparaît toujours comme essentiel sur la déformabilité maximale des films adhésifs mais les conditions de synthèse augmentent fortement la densité de points de réticulation dans le matériau, ce qui diminue leur adhérence mais augmente leur résistance au cisaillement. Nous avons enfin mis au point un test de fluage en traction, permettant d'appréhender la résistance mécanique des adhésifs dans le temps.
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Lin, Xingwang. „Hydrogenation of unsaturated polymers in latex form“. Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/957.
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Diimide generated from the hydrazine/hydrogen peroxide/catalyst system can be used to hydrogenate unsaturated polymers in latex form. As an economical and environmentally benign alternative to the commercial processes based on hydrogen/transition metal catalysts, this method is of special interest to industry. This thesis provides a detailed description of the diimide hydrogenation process. Reaction kinetics, catalysts and gel formation mechanism have been investigated. Four main reactions and a mass transfer process form three parallel processes in this system: diimide is generated at the interface of the latex particles; diimide diffuses into the organic phase to saturate carbon-carbon double bonds; diimide may be consumed at the interface by hydrogen peroxide, and may also be consumed by the disproportionation reaction in the organic phase. The two side reactions contribute to the low hydrogenation efficiency of hydrogen peroxide. Slowing down hydrogen peroxide addition and using stable interfacial catalysts may totally suppress the side reaction in the aqueous phase. The actual catalytic activity of metal ions in the latex depends on the hydrogen peroxide concentration and the addition procedure of reactants. Cupric ion provides better selectivity for hydrogenation than ferric ion and silver ion do. Boric acid as a promoter provides improved selectivity for hydrogenation and faster diimide generation rate. The side reaction in the rubber phase results in low efficiency and gel formation. The rate constants of the four reactions in this system are estimated.
It is shown that the hydrogenation of nitrile rubber latex with an average particle diameter of 72 nm is mainly a reaction-controlled process. Diimide diffusion presents limitation upon hydrogenation at high hydrogenation degree range. Antioxidants can not effectively inhibit gel formation during hydrogenation. Hydrogenation of a core-shell latex with NBR as the shell layer should be able to achieve a higher efficiency, a higher degree of hydrogenation and a lower level of crosslinking.
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Brossa, Dachs Núria. „Machine learning in classification of latex gloves“. Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för elektronik, matematik och naturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-26043.
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The project consists in develop a tool that make a classification of latex gloves taking into account the different features that make the difference between them using a Matlab code in machine learning. This project has the purpose to have a tool that classify those gloves in order to know in which market of the world they could be sold and at what price. So as to achieve this purpose, it is necessary to collect the data and prepare them to introduce in the code. The project can be divided in three different parts; the first one is to make a research of all the theory about latex gloves, achieve the basic fundamentals with the program Matlab and the theory about image processing and machine learning. After that, I will collect the 125 data and the features to take into account are if the gloves have black spots and if they are yellow or white colour. With all the material, it will possible to generate a code in Matlab to prepare all the data and finally, train a model with machine learning. After training this model, the classifier performed well, achieving 82% accuracy. However, it is not perfect because the main mistake has been in the images taken, some of the gloves had wrinkles, so the code detects them as black spots. That is why, as a future work, the quality of the images should be improved in order to not have wrinkles and hence improve the precision for the classifiers. Moreover, it has been proven that this tool can be implemented in the company that has provided the gloves. With that, his plan to sell gloves in Europe could be feasible if the bath of gloves accomplishes the required Acceptance Quality Limit but it has not been possible to prove because the gloves have not been randomly selected to carry out this project. Even so knowing that the code works, it could be applied to corroborate this fact.
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Couture, Lorraine. „Adsorption of polyethylene oxide on latex particles“. Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59265.
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Layer thickness measurements are used to investigate polymer adsorption and possible conformations of adsorbed polymer.In a first step, photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) is used to monitor the layer thickness at different ratios of polyethylene oxide (PEO) per polystyrene (PS) latex spheres. Comparison of the polymer concentration at which the equilibrium layer thickness was attained with the concentration where the adsorption isotherm reached its plateau leads to a proposed three step adsorption process. Kinetic studies of the layer thickness build-up also support this mechanism. Polymer polydispersity and the effect of anchored end groups on layer thickness are found to be in agreement with theoretical predictions.
In a second step, a rheological investigation of PEO coated polystyrene-butadiene (PSB) latex spheres was performed. The influence of coating on the second virial coefficient was determined. Comparison of the layer thickness as measured by viscosity and PCS shows the relative importance of the latex polydispersity for the two methods.
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Hagan, Eric W. S. „The Viscoelastic Properties of Latex Artist Paints“. Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502914.
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Tzitzinou, Aikaterini. „Physical characterisation of acrylic latex film formation“. Thesis, University of Surrey, 1999. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/2115/.
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Jones, D. W. „Vapour sorption by latex bonded carbon particles“. Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372741.
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Starck, Pierre. „The heteroaggregation and rheology of latex particles“. Thesis, University of Bristol, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437269.
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Shabaan, Nazih A. „Properties and microstructure of latex-modified mortars“. Thesis, University of Surrey, 1989. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/848006/.
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Studies to determine the influence of latex addition on the physical and mechanical properties of mortars are presented and discussed in the first part of the thesis. Three latices are used in this investigation; two styrene-butadiene rubber latices and one acrylic latex. An extensive Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) study has been conducted on the influence of latex incorporation on the microstructural characteristics and crack propagation in cement paste and mortar. Existing theories of the mechanism of latex reinforcement of cement paste and mortar are investigated and reviewed. A satisfactory explanation is drawn between the experimental behaviour of the material and the SEM observation. The effect of various latex additions and curing conditions on the cement hydration in a polymer system is examined. A theoretical model for determining the degree of hydration and the physical composition of the latex-modified cement paste is produced and is compatible with the experimental results. The theoretical model of cement hydration in a polymer system is expected to be generally applicable to any latex-modified cement paste with any polymer-cement ratio.
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Trueman, Richard Edward. „Self segregation in water-borne latex coatings“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610438.
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Takayasu, Miriam Michiyo. „Cinetica de coagulação de latex de poliestireno“. [s.n.], 1990. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250281.
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Orientador : Fernando GalembeckDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Mestrado
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Cardoso, Atilio de Oliveira. „Heterocoagulação entre crisotila e latex de poliestireno“. [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250471.
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Orientador: Ines JoeksTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Resumo: Crisotila é um silicato de magnésio de hábito fibroso, com fórmula ideal Mg6Si4O10(OH)8 e estrutura 1:1, intercalando camada tetraédrica de tridimita (sílica) com camada octaédrica de hidróxido de magnésio (brucita). Para haver coordenação entre os planos de tridimita e brucita as bicamadas se curvam e se enrolam sobre si mesmas, formando fibrilas cilíndricas com superfície constituída de brucita. As fibrilas se agregam dando origem a fibras que em meio aquoso, sob extensa faixa de pH, possuem potencial zeta positivo, em razão de haver cátions magnésio na superfície, originados por dissociação de ânions hidroxila, o que ocasiona pH de equilíbrio igual a 8,5. Apesar do potencial zeta essencialmente positivo, crisotila é um material sobre o qual aderem, espontaneamente, e em grande quantidade, materiais particulados de natureza negativa ou positiva. Visando compreender as causas do fenômeno, partículas de látex de poliestireno, com superfície negativa, PS-, e positiva, PS+, foram sintetizadas em meio aquoso, na ausência de surfactantes, e utilizadas em experimentos de heterocoagulação com crisotila, variando: i) o grau de desfibrilamento da crisotila, em meio aquoso, através de ação mecânica e através de hidrofobicidade causada por metilação da superfície das fibras usando Si(CH3)2Cl2; ii) o potencial zeta de crisotila através de lavagem com HCl, variação do pH do meio de dispersão usando NaOH e lavagem com solução aquosa de silicato de sódio; iii) a quantidade adicionada de partículas de poliestireno por mg de crisotila; iv) o potencial zeta das partículas de poliestireno através da adsorção de surfactante catiônico brometo de cetil-trimetil-amônio (CTAB). Resultados de análise microscópica via MEV mostraram que a formação de heterocoágulos ocorre preferencialmente sobre fibras de crisotila mais finas e portanto flexíveis, havendo expressiva formação de homocoágulos de látex a partir de aproximadamente 10 partículas por mg de crisotila. De acordo com resultados de medidas de densidade óptica residual de sobrenadantes, os procedimentos que diminuem o grau de desfibrilamento e o potencial zeta de crisotila diminuem a velocidade inicial de formação de heterocoágulos com partículas de PS-. A adsorção de CTAB inibe a adesão de partículas PS- e não interfere na adesão de partículas PS+ sobre crisotila. A heterocoagulação de látex PS- é completamente revertida com a adição de silicato de sódio ao meio de dispersão. Em meio aquoso, silicato de sódio extrai impurezas da crisotila, detectadas por aumento da densidade óptica do meio de dispersão. Partículas de látex PS+ praticamente não aderem sobre crisotila lavada com silicato de sódio. Os resultados indicam que a adesão de partículas negativas sobre crisotila ocorre preferencialmente sobre sítios positivos oriundos de magnésio dissociado de hidroxila, enquanto a adesão de partículas positivas ocorre sobre sítios negativos, ocasionados pela pré-adesão de impurezas durante a etapa de lavagem da crisotila com água. A densidade superficial de sítios positivos é significativa em fibras mais finas e flexíveis, sobre as quais a heterocoagulação ocorre preferencialmente. Sugerese que a homocoagulação seja dependente principalmente da mobilidade de heterocoágulos préformados, que sob agitação do sistema colidem entre si com energia mecânica suficiente para causar a adesão entre as partículas de látex
Abstract: Chrysotile is a magnesium silicate with fibrous habit and ideal formula Mg6Si4O10(OH)8, having 1:1 layered structure of tetrahedral tridimite (silicate) with octahedral brucite (magnesium hydroxide). The layers are curved and rolled, resulting in cylindrical fibrils with brucite in the external surface and tridimite in the hollow internal surface. The fibrils aggregate giving rise to bundles, or fibers, which have a positive zeta-potential in aqueous medium. This results from the Mg occurrence after dissociation of the surface hydroxyl groups. Despite its positive zeta potential, the surface of chrysotile attaches colloidal particles of negative or positive nature. Aiming to understand this phenomenon, polystyrene latex particles, with negative (PS-) and positive (PS+) surface charge, were synthesized in aqueous solution, in the absence of surfactants, and used in experiments of heterocoagulation with chrysotile. The aggregation of the fibers was controled through mechanical action or improved hidrofobicity by metilation of the surface using Si(CH3)2Cl2. The zeta potential of chrysotile was modified by washing with HCl or adding NaOH or sodium silicate aqueous solution. The amount of polystyrene particles was varied and its surface charge adjusted adding cetyl trimethylammonium bromide cationic surfactant (CTAB). Results of microscopic analysis (MEV) showed that the formation of heteroaggregates occurs preferentially on disaggregated fibers, or fibrils, which are the most flexible. Also, an expressive quantity of homoaggregates of latex with approximately 10 particles/mg of chrysotile are formed. According with the results of optical density of the supernatants, procedures that reduce the disaggregation and the zeta-potential of chrysotile decrease the initial rate of formation of heteroaggregates with particles of PS-. The adsorption of CTAB inhibits the adhesion of PS- particles and does not interfere in the adhesion of PS+ particles on chrysotile. The heterocoagulation of PS- latex is completely reverted with the addition of sodium silicate to the dispersion. In aqueous suspension, sodium silicate removes impurities of the chrysotile surface, as detected by the increase in the optical density of the dispersion. Particles of PS+ latex practically will not attach on chrysotile washed with sodium silicate. The results indicate that the adhesion of negative particles on chrysotile occurs preferentially at positive surface sites, while the adhesion of positive particles occurs at the negative surface sites, probably caused by the pre-adhesion of impurities on the chrysotile when washing with water. The surface density of positive sites is more significant in flexible and disaggregated fibers, on which the heterocoagulation occurs preferentially. The homoaggregation of the latex particles seems to be dependent mainly on the mobility of the preformed heteroaggregates, which, under stirring, collide among themselves with enough mechanical energy to cause the adhesion between the latex particles
Doutorado
Físico-Química
Doutor em Ciências