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Bücher zum Thema „Linguistic Equivalence“

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1

Hirshfeld, Yoram. A polynomial algorithm for deciding bisimularity of normed context-free processes. LFCS, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Edinburgh, 1994.

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2

Umberto, Nardella, ed. Glossary of Hindi/Urdu and English linguistic terminology: Collection of Hindi and Urdu linguistic terms with their English equivalents. Star Publications, 2008.

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3

Wolfgang, Börner, and Vogel, Klaus, Oberstudienrat i. H., eds. Kontrast und Äquivalenz: Beiträge zu Sprachvergleich und Übersetzung. G. Narr, 1998.

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4

Hou, Lingwen. Shang gu Han yu Chaoxian yu dui ying ci yan jiu. Min zu chu ban she, 2009.

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5

Msellek, Abderrazzaq. Verbergänzungen und Satzbaupläne im Deutschen und Arabischen: Eine kontrastive Untersuchung im Rahmen der Äquivalenzgrammatik. Schäuble Verlag, 1988.

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6

Bavaeva, Ol'ga. Metaphorical parallels of the neutral nomination "man" in modern English. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1858259.

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The monograph is devoted to a multidimensional analysis of metaphor in modern English as a parallel nomination that exists along with a neutral equivalent denoting a person. The problem of determining the essence of metaphorical names and their role in the language has attracted the attention of many foreign and domestic linguists on the material of various languages, but until now the fact of the parallel existence of metaphors and neutral nominations has not been emphasized.
 The research is in line with modern problems of linguistics related to the relationship of language, thinking and reflection of the surrounding reality. All these problems are integrated and resolved within the framework of linguistic semantics, in particular in the semantics of metaphor. Multilevel study of language material based on semantic, component, etymological analysis methods contributed to a systematic and comprehensive description of this most important part of the lexical system of the English language.
 Metaphorical parallels are considered as the result of the interaction of three complexes, which allows us to identify their associative-figurative base, as well as the types of metaphorical parallels, depending on the nature of the connection between direct and figurative meaning. Based on the analysis of various human character traits and behavior that evoke associations with animals, birds, objects, zoomorphic, artifact, somatic, floral and anthropomorphic metaphorical parallels of the neutral nomination "man" are distinguished. The social aspect of metaphorical parallels is also investigated as a reflection of gender, status and age characteristics of a person.
 It can be used in the training of philologists and translators when reading theoretical courses on lexicology, stylistics, word formation of the English language, as well as in practical classes, in lexicographic practice.
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7

Krzeszowski, Tomasz P. Translation Equivalence Delusion: Meaning and Translation. Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, Peter, 2017.

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8

Krzeszowski, Tomasz P. Translation Equivalence Delusion: Meaning and Translation. Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, Peter, 2017.

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9

Krzeszowski, Tomasz P. Translation Equivalence Delusion: Meaning and Translation. Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, Peter, 2016.

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10

Krzeszowski, Tomasz P. Translation Equivalence Delusion: Meaning and Translation. Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, Peter, 2017.

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11

Equivalence relations and behavior: A research story. Authors Cooperative, 1994.

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12

Hartmann, Reinhard Rudolf Karl. Interlingual Lexicography: Selected Essays on Translation Equivalence, Constrative Linguistics and the Bilingual Dictionary. de Gruyter GmbH, Walter, 2012.

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13

Interlingual Lexicography: Selected Essays on Translation Equivalence, Constrative Linguistics and the Bilingual Dictionary. De Gruyter, Inc., 2007.

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14

Interlingual lexicography: Selected essays on translation equivalence, contrastive linguistics and the bilingual dictionary. Max Niemeyer Verlag, 2007.

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15

Goodwin, Philip. Translating the English Bible: From Relevance to Deconstruction. Clarke Company, Limited, James, 2014.

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16

Goodwin, Philip. Translating the English Bible: From Relevance to Deconstruction. Clarke Company, Limited, James, 2013.

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17

Translating the English Bible: From Relevance to Deconstruction. Clarke Company, Limited, James, 2013.

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18

Ludlow, Peter, and Sašo Živanović. Language, Form, and Logic. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199591534.001.0001.

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This book takes an idea first explored by Medieval logicians 800 years ago and revisits it armed with the tools of contemporary linguistics, logic, and computer science. The idea—the Holy Grail of the Medieval logicians—was the thought that all of logic could be reduced to two very simple rules that are sensitive to logical polarity (for example, the presence and absence of negations). Ludlow and Živanović pursue this idea and show how it has profound consequences for our understanding of the nature of human inferential capacities. They also show its consequences for some of the deepest issues in contemporary linguistics, including the nature of quantification, puzzles about discourse anaphora and pragmatics, and even insights into the source of aboutness in natural language. The key to their enterprise is a formal relation they call “p-scope”—a polarity-sensitive relation that controls the operations that can be carried out in their Dynamic Deductive System. They prove that the resulting deductive system is complete and sound. The result is a beautiful formal tapestry in which p-scope unlocks important properties of natural language, including the property of “restrictedness,” which they prove to be equivalent to the semantic notion of conservativity. More than that, they show that restrictedness is also a key to understanding quantification and discourse anaphora, and many other linguistic phenomena.
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19

Dressler, Wolfgang U., Basilio Calderone, Sabine Sommer-Lolei, and Katharina Korecky-Kröll. Experimental, Acquisitional and Corpus linguistic Approaches to the Study of Morphonotactics. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/978oeaw87141.

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This volume unites six contributions on morphonotactics of consonant clusters and its difference to phonotactics (in a narrow sense). Morphonotactics comprises that part of phonotactics (in the large sense) which is due to interaction with morphology. It deals prototypically with clusters which are due to morphological concatenation as in the word-final consonant cluster in Ger. (er/sie) mach-t '(he/she) make-s', which is morphonotactic vs. its phonotactic homophonous equivalent Macht 'power'. The opening chapter introduces into the area of morphonotactics and into the following five chapters which deal with German or French morphonotactics or both. The first represents the first corpuslinguistic analysis of German morphonotactics based on a large electronic corpus, the second investigates phonetic processing in both languages, the remaining three, equally distributed between both languages, with the impact of (mor)phonotactics on processing and language acquisition. Thus, this volume unites phonological, morphological, phonetic, psycholinguistic, corpuslinguistic and typological perspectives integrated into a series of experimental approaches. The volume publishes selectively results of a bilateral research project funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) and the Austrian Science Fund (FWF).
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20

Lobina, David J. On recursive parsing. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785156.003.0006.

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The processing of a linguistic expression, when viewed as a complex of (Specifier)-Head-Complement(s) phrases (SHCs), whilst suggestive of a recursive solution—that is, a sentence is a matrix SHC (subject-verb-object) composed of internal SHCs and the completion of the overall task is divisible into smaller but equivalent subtasks—in fact proceeds iteratively. This is here shown by manipulating the memory load of processing SHCs and measuring the reaction times of participants to extraneous tones placed at specific places within a sentence. The results show that there is a decreasing tendency in reaction times across a sentence, this pattern being explained in terms of two different types of uncertainty, a linguistic type and a more perceptual type. The results are discussed in the context of classic results with the tone-monitoring technique and future work along these lines is announced.
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21

Dahl, Östen. Polysynthesis and Complexity. Edited by Michael Fortescue, Marianne Mithun, and Nicholas Evans. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199683208.013.3.

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The notion of polysynthesis has been linked up with that of complexity from the very start. A discussion of the relationship between these two concepts is thus highly motivated, also in view of the recent increased interest in questions relating to complexity among linguists. The chapter discusses different ways of understanding and measuring complexity and how these can be applied to polysynthetic languages. Other topics treated in the chapter are how complexity develops over time in polysynthetic languages, the question of to what extent the notions of maturation and non-linearity as defined in Dahl (2004) are relevant to the synchrony and diachrony of polysynthesis, and how the complexity of constructions in polysynthetic languages compares to functionally equivalent constructions elsewhere.
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22

Ledgeway, Adam, John Charles Smith, and Nigel Vincent, eds. Periphrasis and Inflexion in Diachrony. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198870807.001.0001.

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This volume brings together contributions from leading specialists in syntax and morphology to explore the complex relation between periphrasis and inflexion from both a synchronic and diachronic perspective. The chapters draw on data from across the Romance language family, including standard and regional varieties and dialects. The relation between periphrasis and inflexion raises questions for both syntax and morphology, and understanding the phenomena involved requires cooperation across these subdomains. For example, the components that express many periphrases can be interrupted by other words in a way that is common in syntax but not in morphology, and in some contexts, a periphrastic form may be semantically equivalent to a single-word inflected form, with which it arguably forms part of a paradigmatic set. Patterns of this kind are found across Romance, albeit with significant local differences. Moreover, diachrony is essential in understanding these phenomena, and the rich historical documentation available for Romance allows an in-depth exploration of the changes and variation involved, as different members of the family may instantiate different stages of development. Studying these changes also raises important questions about the relation between attested and reconstructed patterns. Although the empirical focus of the volume is on the Romance languages, the analyses and conclusions presented shed light on the development and nature of similar structures in other language families and provide valuable insights relevant to linguistic theory more broadly.
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23

Saussy, Haun. Translation as Citation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812531.001.0001.

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Translation as Citation denies that translating amounts to the composition, in one language, of statements equivalent to statements previously made in another. Rather, translation works with elements of the language and culture in which it arrives, often reconfiguring them irreversibly: it creates, with a fine disregard for precedent, loan words, calques, forced metaphors, forged pasts, imaginary relationships, and dialogues of the dead. Creativity, in this form of writing usually considered merely reproductive, is the subject of this book. When the first proponents of Buddhism arrived in China, creativity was forced upon them: a vocabulary adequate to their purpose had yet to be invented. A Chinese Buddhist textual corpus took shape over centuries despite the near-absence of bilingual speakers. One basis of this translating activity was the rewriting of existing Chinese philosophical texts, and especially the most exorbitant of all these, the collection of dialogues, fables, and paradoxes known as the Zhuangzi. The Zhuangzi also furnished a linguistic basis for Chinese Christianity when the Jesuit missionary Matteo Ricci, arriving in the later part of the Ming dynasty, allowed his friends and associates to frame his teachings in the language of early Daoism. It would function as well when Xu Zhimo translated from The Flowers of Evil in the 1920s. The chance but overdetermined encounter of Zhuangzi and Baudelaire yielded a “strange music” that retroactively echoes through two millennia of Chinese translation, outlining a new understanding of the translator’s craft that cuts across the dividing lines of current theories and critiques of translation.
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