Dissertationen zum Thema „Madagascar (île) – 18e siècle“
Geben Sie eine Quelle nach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard und anderen Zitierweisen an
Machen Sie sich mit Top-50 Dissertationen für die Forschung zum Thema "Madagascar (île) – 18e siècle" bekannt.
Neben jedem Werk im Literaturverzeichnis ist die Option "Zur Bibliographie hinzufügen" verfügbar. Nutzen Sie sie, wird Ihre bibliographische Angabe des gewählten Werkes nach der nötigen Zitierweise (APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver usw.) automatisch gestaltet.
Sie können auch den vollen Text der wissenschaftlichen Publikation im PDF-Format herunterladen und eine Online-Annotation der Arbeit lesen, wenn die relevanten Parameter in den Metadaten verfügbar sind.
Sehen Sie die Dissertationen für verschiedene Spezialgebieten durch und erstellen Sie Ihre Bibliographie auf korrekte Weise.
Charles, Clément Séverin. „Les Mahafale de l'Onilahy : des clans au Royaume, du XVIe siècle à la conquête coloniale (Sud-Ouest de Madagascar)“. Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010516.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBallarin, Marie-Pierre. „Les reliques royales sakalava : source de légitimation et enjeu de pouvoir : (Madagascar, XVIIIème-XXème)“. Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070094.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe sakalava royal symbolic is expressed in the conservation of deceased kings remains. These regalia are probably a typical example of the ever present relationship to ancestors in western malagasy societies. In the sakalava societies, the cult of relics was practised by the inhabitants of the west of madagascar before the formation of dynasties. This cult will be promoted as a royal culte in the course of the constitution of the kingdoms. As medieval saints in europe, the royal ancestor, through his relics, protects not only the royal descent but also the subjects as a whole. The agricultural protection provided by the relics cult becomes an instrument of political legitimisation for the dynasties. From then onwards, the remains of the royal body are kept in a reliquary and play a fundamental role in the practice of power. Source of legitimisation or legitimising source, what role will the relics play after the lose of souvereignty that follows the merina and frenh conquests ? by 1882, the french and the merina have entered into a bitter struggle for the keeping of the relics, a useful to maintain the submission of the sakalava population. At last, in the wake of independence, the legitimising role of these regalia again applies again in the context of the new stakes of power. In moments of political crisis, the relics of the sakalava kings, and more globally, the royal symbolic, constitute the main reference of in-fights and alliances. Stressing the ambivalence between power and religion, still a relevant topic today, we will see the lasting efficiency of these ancien ideological principles in today's local context. Today, the possession of relics remains locally a major stake and a force of legitimisation. It is therefore in a broad historical context that this attempt to understand the relationship with ancestors is located
Raison-Jourde, Françoise. „Construction nationale, idéntité chrétienne et modernité : Le premier XIXè siècle malgache“. Lyon 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO31006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is a reassesment of precolonial history during the xixth century when the malagasy kingdom became christian. First concerned by technological and intellectual improvements (1817-1835), then offensed by their religious teaching, the power became christian in 1869 at the end of a process which is still mysterious. The approach also concerns minor groups of christians like the catholics. The purpose is to understand the evolution of the state, of the elites, of the peasants and of the conquered territories. After 1869 the work focuses on the territorial and social progression of protestantism which owes much to the pattern of the parish and to the lively interactions between town and country life. It compares the new means of communication : primary schools, secondary schools, books and reviews, with the traditional means, mainly kabary (speeches) and singing which are far more important in their impact. The last part of the work is devoted to the reactions of the rural population. Everybody wants to be baptised like the queen, but the blow of several epudemics leads the crowds to an interpretation in terms of punishment by the ancestors. The famadihana is a ceremony more and more practised to please the ancestors
Rasolondraibe, Seth Andriamanalina. „Le ministère de 'berger' dans les Églises protestantes de Madagascar (de la fin du XIXe siècle à nos jours) : Tensions et compromis entre mouvements de Réveil, institutions protestantes et religions traditionnelles“. Paris, EPHE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EPHE5026.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe movements of Revival or the "ministry of mpiandry" exist now in most of the historic Protestant churches of Madagascar, inspiring and influencing profoundly their lives and their ministries. Today, we can say with certainty that all these churches are more or less touched by the movements of Revivals. Nevertheless, these movements always engendered tensions and conflits between them and these Protestant institutions. Our study suggests examining the various aspects of these conflicts and bringing to light the various types of compromise in which they ended. Our statement contains five chapters. The first one and the second one essentially consist in describing the context : in which political, socioeconomic and religious contexts was made the penetration of Protestantism in Madagascar (1818). And in which context, the movements of Revivals and the "ministry of shepherd" did appear ? Then (3rd and 4th parts), through the life and works of the four initiators of the Revivals, Rainisoalambo (1894), Ravelonjanahary (1926), Nenilava (1941) et Rakotozandry (1946), we describe the process of institutionalization of the "ministry of shepherd". Finally (5th part), thanks to the analysis of the actions and the interactions between the various protagonists, we can clarify the various compromises emerging from it and we draw a conclusion
Ratrimoarivony-Rakotondrainibe, Mamy. „Relation entre la société et l'éducation avant la colonisation dans la province de l'Imérina à Madagascar“. Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H031.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRobson, Benjamina. „Anthropologie historique des telo troky tesaka à Madagascar : des ordres statutaires aux communautés politico-religieuses contemporaines (17e-21e siècle)“. Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0176.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis sheds light on "political-religious" tesaka power (Godelier 2007) — in Vangaindrano, South-Eastern Madagascar — by integrating historical and evolutionary considerations. It aims to be a tool for understanding the dialectic of the transformation of the exercise of politico-religious power since the foundation of the tesaka kingdom, likely to have occurred in the 17th century, until the creation of the three contemporary communities of politico-religious order (telo troky) in 1897, and their state nowadays. The main objective is to present the permanent and dynamic aspects of the tesaka social system by highlighting the close interweaving of the political and religious embodied by the keeper of sacrificial worship posts for the invisible sacred beings (pita hazomanga).If during the tesaka royal period, only the king inherits worship posts (fatora) and has the exclusivity of the exercise of the politico-religious power of pità hazomanga, the emergence of telo troky leads to the construction of the Fatora and the appearance of a pità hazomanga specific to each community. From then on, the sacrificial ceremony to the invisible sacred beings (velatry) presents itself as the stable element of the "core of the ritual process" (Bloch 1997 [1992]: 9), revealing the resilience of a system of religious beliefs, and applicable to all grades of local politico-ritual units (troky or fatora, raza or koboro, raibe raiky or trañondonaky, lonaky or traño raiky)
Carvalho, Vicente Manuel Alberto. „Madagascar et la carreira da Índia“. Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE4027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe voyage of Vasco da Gama initiated the first trans-oceanic route of modern times. As a result, contact between populated regions, which would have otherwise remained in total ignorance of each other’s existence, was established. The commonly termed Cape Route (the Carreira da Índia) continued to exist for many centuries after 1500, the year in which the Portuguese monarchy began to send a fleet of ships on an annual basis to India in search of commerce and with the aim of establishing, consolidating and protecting the Portuguese interests in the region. This strategy brought about the creation of an eastern territorial possession, the Estado da Índia. One of the captains of the Pedro Alvares Cabral’s fleet, separated by a storm from the rest of his crew in the region of Cape of Good Hope, neared the coast on the eastern side of the Isle of Madagascar. He had sighted this land on the 10th August 1500, the feast of St Lawrence, and named it after this saint. In subsequent years, other ships on the route to India explored this Island or became ship-wrecked along its coasts. The Portuguese king, D. Manuel 1st, at first believed that Madagascar could become a «new India», but gradually he was forced to see this in a more realistic light. This study about the Portuguese in Madagascar between 1500 and 1609 attempts to explore their presence, primarily in the light of the importance of national interests as far as the Carreira da Índia and the Estado da Índia was concerned. At the same time, it seeks to examine the first contacts with the Madagascan natives
Bois, Dominique. „Vazaha et autochtones sur la côte est de Madagascar : médiation et métissage entre 1854 et 1885“. Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA070147.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRamakavelo, Désiré. „Les actions politico-militaires de François de Mahy dans la conquête de Madagascar“. Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010253.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrançois de Mahy, deputy for La Reunion from 1871 to 1906, devoted his 35 years of political career entirely to one main target, i-e, the annexation of Madagascar. After their island was conquered in 1810 by England, the politicians in La Reunion, lost their French citizenship. How they considered Madagascar as an essential factor in order to presence their political independence in that geographical area. As provisional minister for the navy and for the colonies, François de Mahy decided to send Admiral Pierre to military expedition. That affected France’s policy in Europe. The French government wanted to avoid any risk for France to become isolated in Europe, and so, preferred to keep the statu quo in Madagascar by recognizing the Malagasy queen's authority on the whole territory, not considering the expenses caused by the 1883 and 1895 expeditions. So, the conquest of Madagascar is an example for totally opposed policies : on the one hand, François de Mahy policy trying to make the great island a French colony, on the other hand, Rainilaiarivony's policy known as the territorial unification of the country, which is the necessary condition for the independence and the national sovereignty
Gandelot, Ludovic. „Les khojas Ismaïlis Agakhanis de Madagascar : des Gujaratis de l'Océan Indien (1885-1972) : Communauté religieuse, politique et territoires“. Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070048.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe ismaïli agakhani khojas (followers of the Aga Khan) are part of the gujarati minority of Madagascar. Facing divisions and conflicts, the khojas remaining followers of the Aga Khan set up a new community to counter the influence of the ithna ashery shiite Islam. Observed from Madagascar, they appear as a minority of low socio-economic status, and not so different from other gujaratis. However, after the Second World War, they become one of the most known communities. A reflection about the construction of identities of gujaratis of the Indian Ocean in relation to local and international political contexts, the study shows that the forms of the extra-territorial relations of gujaratis are partly determined by their mode of integration. In this process, the dynamism of the agakhani khoja community is very specific. Early and centralized, it is based on religion and articulated with the foreign condition of both religious leader and followers. We will present the different periods of its production, spread and appropriation by the agakhani khojas of Madagascar and will show that the internationalized community construction based in East Africa as well as the Aga Khan's own status enable the increase of the statutory position of the group
Monnier, Jehanne-Emmanuelle. „Du voyageur naturaliste à l'explorateur scientifique colonial. Itinéraires et stratégies d'Alfred Grandidier (1836-1921)“. Thesis, La Réunion, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LARE0015/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOur aim is to study the evolution of scientific exploration in France during the 19th century, dealing with the history of sciences, colonial history and cultural history. Alfred Grandidier's path is characteristic of a transitionnal period in wich former scientific tradition of Enlightenment is still tangible while principles of colonial science of the 1930's are already emerging. Alfred Grandidier's scientific itinerary is also interesting in itself. Our puprose is to analyse the building process of the scientific career and the personnal undergoing of Alfred Grandidier, from his training during chilhood to his intellectual legacy. This thesis insists on material aspects and everyday life on exploration, bearing in mind involvement of the scientist in various networks including the construction of his own image
Jacob, Guy. „La France et Madagascar de 1880 à 1894 : aux origines d'une conquête coloniale“. Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040115.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEn 1890 la France, qui escompte encore une rapide revanche, s'intéresse peu à Madagascar. Mais les Réunionnais, ruinés, veulent mettre la main sur la Grande Île. Ils ont deux arguments : sa richesse fabuleuse, des "droits historiques" anciens. Et un prétexte : posséder un vaste réservoir de main-d'œuvre. Avec des consuls de France remuants, ils amplifient une rumeur : l'Angleterre veut contrôler Madagascar alléguant divers incidents, le Réunionnais de Mahy, ministre de la marine pour un très bref intérim, lance en 1883 l'escadre de l'océan Indien contre Madagascar. Ferry, qui, à posteriori, approuve cette décision, se voit reprocher par la chambre sa timidité lors du grand débat de juillet 1885, l'intervention de Mahy est essentielle : grâce à lui Madagascar sauve le Tonkin. Mais, par le traité de 1885, le gouvernement malgache se refuse à reconnaître le protectorat français. Le Myre de Vilers, résident général, décèle les faiblesses de la monarchie. Dépourvu d'illusions sur les missionnaires britanniques qui prétendent exporter la révolution industrielle, il mise cependant, vainement, sur une conquête économique. Le premier ministre Rainilaiarivony accorde d'immenses concessions à des aventuriers alors que sur la côte végètent de petits colons créoles. En 1890, l'Angleterre reconnaît le protectorat français sur Madagascar. En vain, Rainilaiarivony s'efforce de développer la recherche de l'or, puis de mobiliser son armée. Au contraire, le grand banditisme progresse. Le gouvernement malgache est condamné par la Résidence, les Jésuites et les missions britanniques. Fin 1894, le parlement français, rendu euphorique par les accords avec la Russie, vote les crédits pour une expédition destinée à occuper Tananarive. (Doc thèses)
In 1890, France, still hoping for a revenge, hardly took interest in Madagascar. But being bankrupt, the population of the island of La Reunion wanted to lay their hands on Madagascar. They put forward two arguments: its fabulous wealth and some ancient historic rights. They also alleged the fact that the island offered ample manpower. And with the help of some very active French consuls. They also spread the rumour that England wanted to gain control over Madagascar. The Creole de Mahy, who was the navy minister for a short interim period, took on him to send the Indian Ocean squadron against Madagascar. Ferry, who subsequently gave his approval to the decision, was blamed for being too timid by the chamber. During the great debate of July 1885, Madagascar saved Tonkin through Mahy's interpellation. However, the Malagasy government rejected the French protectorate by the 1885 treaty. Le Myre de Vilers, the resident general, detected the weaknesses of the monarchy. Under no illusion as to the British missionaries exporting the industrial revolution, he, in vain, banked on an economic control. The Prime Minister Rainilaiarivony conceded huge concessions to adventurers while small Creole settlers could hardly make a living on the coast. In 1890, England recognized the French protectorate on Madagascar. Rainilaiarivony tried to develop gold mining and to rally his army. However, crime was increasing. The Malagasy government was blamed by the residence, the Jesuits and the British missions. By the end of 1894, the French parliament, encouraged by the agreement with Russia, voted for an expedition to take over Antananarivo
Lambert, Olivier. „Marseille et Madagascar : histoire d'une aventure outre-mer : entrepreneurs et activités portuaires, stratégies économiques et mentalités coloniales (1840-1976)“. Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThiebaut, Rafaël. „Traite des esclaves et commerce néerlandais et français à Madagascar (XVIIè et XVIIIè siècles)“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H102.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe slave trade on Madagascar provoked important changes in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, both politically, economically and socially. The Dutch and the French, present on Cape Colony and the Mascarene Islands, were important players in these commercial, but complex and symbolic, interactions. The transformations are detectable from the first contact onwards, not only in the great kingdoms of Sakalava and Betsimisaraka but also in the most secluded areas. However, commercial relations complexified in the longue durée. Indeed, a certain continuity is identifiable during this entire period. The maritime commerce, which played a primary role in these developments, concerned rice, cattle and slaves bartered for Spanish dollars, firearms and textiles. The slave trade disturbed the balance of powers and the economy of the Big Island. The volume of the trade, calculated from hundreds expeditions done by the Dutch and the French, was already very substantial before the middle of the eighteenth century
Randrianantoandro, Hiarivelo. „Le mouvement des forces vives à Antananarivo : sociologie de la protestation collective à Madagascar“. Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070025.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTo deal with collective protest in Madagascar supposes to open and enlarge the field of the areas studies andl reconsider the validity of the pre-existing theoretical tools of the sociology of social movements which aim to encompass and explain the social components and interactions that characterize industrially developed countries. Taking into account the concepts that sustain the sociology of social movements, this analysis helps to comprehend and explain a particular protest movement confronting a political system so repressive that its eventual success seemed very dubious. Our aim was to grasp and define the constituents of the emergence, growth and impetus of the "Hery Velona" movement ("Vital Forces Movement") within the context of an authoritarian system. The first part consists of an historical survey of the political, economical and social life of Madagascar, from the times of the Independence to the 1991 crisis, explaining the background of the formation of the "Hery Velona" movement. Then, taking into account the organizational approach, the importance of the mobilization organizers that were previously active, as well as the various forms of their endeavours are detailed (2nd Part). Last but not least, it is attempted to characterize the components of the actors of the mobilization and their motivations; within this mainframe, a particular attention is devoted to the influence of the Churches considered both as organizing bodies and leaders influencing the perception, representation, and affirmative cohesion of the actors themselves
Raharison, Lucien. „Héritage foncier, évolution du paysage agraire et de la paysannerie en Imenina (hautes terres centrales de Madagascar) de la fin du 19e siècle aux années 1990“. Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this study, we would to show clearly, on the one hand, the predominance of the succession over the landownership in Imerina(high land in Central Madagascar), in spite of, on the other hand, the development of the sale of land. The two most practiced modes of access to landownership in Imerina seem to be contradictory whereas in fact they are complementary. The sale of land seems at first sight, contrary to patriony of inheritance principles. The sale of land is one of adaptations to customary principles in order to preserve the social bond despite the economic difficulties in the sense that the sale of lands is not allowed except by local people's agreement. There is endo-transferability but not exo-transferability. In that sense the land is not (or not entirely) a property, therefore we can't talk about land market. Seing an integral part of standards a value System, centuries old practice, the inheritance has evolved with the time. Until when will the rule of endo-transferability resist to the pressure of market and to the obligation of the permanent revival of social bonds ? Problems of ration evolution between inheritance, sales of land and other mode of access to landownership involve in having interest both in customary right and in contemporary one on its every aspect. Other factors have also to be taken into account within a entire scope of the custom. In our methodology, we have worked on source of documents such as: Land registry Lists and records of local delegates, monographies. All those things have been examined and completed by the investigations
Razafiarison, Aina Andrianavalona. „Apports des traditions particulières dans la compréhension des successions royales merina (XVIe-XIXe siècle) Madagascar“. Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010539.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRamanantsoa, Ramarcel Benjamina. „Les sociétés secrètes nationalistes à Madagascar dans la première moitié du XXème siècle : V.V.S. (Vy Vato Sakelika) 1913-1915, PA.NA.MA (Parti National Socialiste Malgache) 1941-1947, JINY (Jeunesse nationaliste) 1943-1947“. Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA070022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe struggle against the colonial order happens rather early in Madagascar and it will go crescendo all along the first half of the 20th century and reach its climax with the popular insurrection of march 1947. Taking various forms, which go from the movements of primary resistances to political struggle led by autochton parties, passing through localised and spontaneous popular rebellions, the literature of denonciation in the press and workmen strikes, this struggle is the mark of the dominated malagasy people's non assent to their domination this era has also witnessed the emergence and the development, in the island, of some nationalist clandestine groups which will take part in this intense social and political activity. Three secrete societies are privileged here: -the V. V. S. (Vy Vato Sakelika) which was organised and developed on the initiative of the students of the native medical school of Antananarivo, from 1913 to 1915. The malagasy political organisation began with this secrete society. -the PA. NA. MA. (Parti National Socialiste Malgache) which was created in Tamatave in 1941 on the instigation of some young civil servants who had come from the generation of the period between the two world wars. -the JINY (Jeunesse Nationaliste) organised in Manakara in 1943 under the impulse of some rural leaders and some ex-V. V. S. The last two clandestine associations will be the main instigators of the malagasy insurrection of march 1947. Appealing largely to the witnesses of the protagonists themselves, ancient militants of these clandestine groups, this study is an attempt at seizing the dynamic of the malagasy national movement at this era, from one of its framing political structures, the secrete societies
Cérino, Christophe. „Sociétés insulaires, guerres maritimes et garnisons : Belle-Île-en-Mer au siècle de Louis XV“. Rennes 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN20005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the early years of Louis XV's reign, the royal domain expanded with the acquisition of a seigniory of about 8500 hectares, an outpost of the littoral cast in the Atlantic Ocean. The harbour of ships sailing from India or the West Indies, Belle-Ile-en-Mer was on the route of coasters connecting the french ports and arsenals of the Atlantic Ocean : it thus acquired a momentous strategic dimension. The second metropolitan island in the whole kingdom, the largest one in Brittany, it became, in the course of an odd hundred years, an outstanding position in the eyes of the central power. The tranfer to royal rule indeed occurred at an administrative level ; but it was mostly characterised by intensive militarisation of the site. It is the object of the present work to appraise the latter's social and economic consequences and the gap it brought about in the long-term history of the island. The recurrent pressure of events entailed intricate relationships beween sea and mainland ; accordingly, the social framework of Belle-Ile reveals micro-identities the outlines of which are minutely tackled in the present doctoral thesis so as to put forward a systemic model of island and littoral societies
Andriamitantsoa, Tolojanahary H. „Une métropole régionale dans un pays en voie de développement : Majunga“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF20019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLahiniriko, Denis. „Les structures politiques à Tananarive : union, unanimisme et divisions partisanes dans la culture politique nationaliste malgache (1945-1958)“. Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010621.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRandriamampionona, Hubert. „Les aspects judiciaires de la rébellion de 1947 à Madagascar“. Lyon 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO33041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe year 1947 marked the end of hope for the emancipation of the people of Madagascar, born in November 1945 with the election of the doctors Ravoahangy and Raseta at the first Constituent on the basis of slogans advocating a total and immediate independance of Madagascar. Indeed, if they changed their original request by referring to the concept of a blur free state within the French Union, the radical elements working in the shadow of the Movement of Democratic Renovation Malagasy, party established in February 1946 to help those elected officials prepare many elections, took the opportunity to foment a rebellion which broke out during the night of march 29, 1947. The next day, the judicial repression fell on the MDRM designated as the chief executive officer of events by the colonial authorities. The intervention of the judiciary did not guarantee an impartial and independent justice. Since their installation, in the early twentieth century, in addition to the dominant presence of administrators within them, they were also a way of administration additional in the hands of colonial authorities. In addition, judicial reform initiated in 1946, in the French colonies overseas had only strengthened the administrative grip. Therefore, the role of the courts was reduced to a simple legalization of unjust repression inducted by the General Security Department and the provincial administrators. The discussions in the trial of parliamentarians and other leaders of MDRM, which took place from July to October 1948 before the Criminal Court of Antananarivo, which was designed to determine the truth about the origin of events did only demonstrate that the use of dubious methods in the premises of the General Security Deppent to obtain confessions so-called spontaneous. Despite these damning revelations, the public prosecutors finally got the inevitable court sentence of the leaders MDRM, using witnesses provided at the last minute, once again, by the General Security Department
Perret, Hervé. „Huguenots, francs-maçons et habitants : construction et représentation d'une élite coloniale : La Réunion (1665-1830)“. Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082521.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this prosopographic work, I focused on the Reunion colonial elite, trying to understand the organization in the policies of devolution of inheritance, power and social representations, over the long run. This issue implies to draw, through the study of specific cases, the building-up of the complex parental structures being used to perpetuate both material and symbolic acquisitions and also to gather social prestige. It makes it necessary in addition to probe the privileged places of the representation of the elite, seeking to apprehend the identity and cultural ferment in the organisation of targeted forms of sociability. To complete such a study in ethnohistory, I relied on the archives of the local Freemasonry which display a rather accurate fac-simile of the composition of the white colonial elite and the research of a lineage: Justamond/Hubert
Nunn, Philippe. „La migration des mauriciens à Madagascar, 1863-1947“. La Réunion, 2007. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/07_21-nunn.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStamped by the evolution and the internal structuring of the Mauritian society, the mauritian migratory movement between 1863 and 1947 is determined by the disputes, agreements and reorganisations linked to the social, economical, diplomatic and political evolutions of the territories involved. To understand the integration modes of all mauritians migrants whatever their origins, within the French colony of Madagascar, the thesis develops along the three following lines. In a first part, an historical approach of the groups and their organisation according to the variability of the ethnic boundaries will be explored. The second part, corresponding to the most wave of migrants which goes from 1863 to 1905 describes the setting process of a colonial order disrupting he positions gained by the Mauritians under the malagesian royalty. The third part, going from 1905 to 1947, studies the integration of migrants within the French colonial structure
Razafimbelo-Harisoa, Marie Solange. „La radiodiffusion à Madagascar : Perspective historique et usages sociaux“. Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020098.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMorin, Christophe. „Bâtiments d'utilité : accès et abords du château au XVIIIe siècle : le cas de l'Ile-de-France“. Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010548.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZéī, Eleuthería. „Paros dans l'archipel grec, XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles : les multiples visages de l'insularité“. Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010556.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBonnet, Natacha. „Seigneurs et planteurs, entre Ouest Atlantique et Antilles : quatre familles du XVIIIe siècle“. Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT3034.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAmongst all the french colonies of the Ancien Régime, the french part of the island of Saint-Domingue is the one which is really considered as the country to make easy money in a short time. The migrants of the West Atlantique have been numerous there : volunteers workers, merchants and plantation owners. We make study of the last ones, in considering the statute of colonies inhabitants only, in order to understand who invests in islands and how is managed this appropriation of the colonial land. The social typology of plantation owners, except merchant network, necessarlly refers to an elite, middle-class or ennobled, landed private means. The landed study has been considered in looking jointly the management, then the profits of possessions in both sides of Atlantique, as sugar canes’ benefits than the income of exploitations in West Atlantique. This arises also the question of economic et social interactions of the colonial management model, particularly speculative and integrated in international trade, of the french domain one. This comparative study demands to consider precisely families cases, in following the possessions’ evolution on several generations. Four examples of families of ligérien area were confronted
Huitelec, Didier. „Les Indiens esclaves et libres de la société bourbonnaise au XVIIIème siècle“. Thesis, La Réunion, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LARE0046.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe many studies on the Indians at Bourbon Island / Reunion brought a good knowledge of this community, but were mainly interested in the group of workers engaged in the nineteenth century, especially after 1848. This study, which is part of the subaltern studies, aims to highlight what it means to be an Indian in Bourbon society in the eighteenth century. From coffee cultivation in the early eighteenth century to the abolition of slavery in 1848, Indians did not form a homogenous group, some were brought in as slave labor and others were engaged as free workers. The living conditions of these two groups are different. The study wonders about their number, the distribution by sex, their spatial location in the colony, their habitat. By interrogating the notarial archives, the doors of the homes that open up, reveal the spaces of intimacy (space for living, meals, rest, work) and offer a good vision of the formation of couples, relationships family and extrafamily
Lebeurre, Alexia. „Le décor intérieur des demeures à la mode dans la deuxième moitié du XVIIIe siècle (Paris et Ile-de-France)“. Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010649.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBecquet, Delphine. „Devenir parent au 21e siècle, quelles perceptions et quels enjeux ? : étude comparative France-Madagascar“. Amiens, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AMIE0031.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe impact of individualism, greater equality in marriage, and a refusal of the restrictiveness of traditional marriage have led to a redefinition of the parental role in Western society, and have impacted children's expectations and their relationship to their surroundings. In this context, we have attempted to define the points of reference which orient and define the parent's role and their expectations towards their children. We interviewed parents in France and Madagascar (from the Tsimihety ethnic group) of children aged 0-6 years on various topics, including family life, experience as a couple, child development and educational methods employed on a daily basis. Due to the lack of available documentation on the Tsimihety culture, the project has provided monographical insight into the culture, ranging from psychology to anthropology
Tumahai, Liou. „Les expéditions espagnoles à Tahiti au 18ème siècle (édition critique du manuscrit de Máximo RODRIGUEZ, 1774-1775)“. Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe spanish expeditions to Tahiti at the end of the 18th century, commissioned by the Viceroy of Peru, Manuel de Amat and led by Captain Boenechea were launched in the wake of the english discoveries of Pacific's islands. From the examination of first-hand spanish manuscripts and texts, written between 1772 and 1776, the author of this work proposes, in a first part to study the results of these spanish expeditions to Tahiti. If the first expedition of 1772 is sheer exploration, the second one in 1774 consists of both a mission meant to check the facts that had been imperfectly collected during the first expedition and a mission of evangelization. But the latter, timidly led by two franciscans ended in total failure, a failure the causes of which are clarified in this study. The clash between two cultures, the tribulations of the two franciscans appear in the chronicle of the soldier and later interpreter Maximo Rodriguez and the diary of brother Geronimo Clota. From the accounts of the iberian navigators of the period between 1772 and 1776 and especially from the experience of the soldier and interpreter, expounded in his diary of 1774-1775, written over a period of ten months, we are acquainted with elements of the tahitian culture at a time when it was still flourishing and protected from any outside influences and in particular, with the last moments of a great chief of the island of Tahiti. Those spanish testimonies, unique though very often neglected by the history of ancient tahiti present us with a spanih outlook on the tahitian society and its oral tradition which is just as interisting as that of the famous Captain Cook. Scraps of the genuine tahitian memory are collected there. In the second part of the work, the author proposes a critical edition of Maximo Rodriguez's diary established in spanish from the Paris 1788 manuscript (still unpublished) and compared with the London 1935 manuscript. This retranscription is preceded by the review of the two manuscripts as well as by the biography of its author
Nirhy-Lanto, Ramamonjisoa Solotiana. „Une poésie engagée dans les valeurs de la nation : l'exemple de Madagascar au XXe siècle“. Paris, INALCO, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INAL0012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGalibert, Didier. „Les gens du pouvoir à Madagascar : État postcolonial, légitimités et territoire : 1956-2002“. La Réunion, 2006. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/06_10_DGallibe.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis concerns the formation of Madagascar's political elite in the years between the promulgation of the loi-cadre of 1956 and the accession to power of Marc Ravalomanana in 2002. The text is divided into three parts : the first concerns the contours of the national political space as this has been constituted during the postcolonial period. The second concerns the use of memories of the past to compose a sense of a national political territory corresponding to the island of Madagascar. Part three examines the unequal concept of political rights as these have emerged from the past. Old concepts of ritual status have combined with other influences to produce differing conditions of citizenship. By means of the historical analysis of some leading political families, the ideological aspects of inequality are considered in a context notable more for the relatively short duration of political careers than for constitution of veritable political dynasties
Lassus, Simone de. „Essai sur les fabriques de jardins au XVIIIe siècle en Ile-de-France (1736-1793)“. Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA040130.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDeleigne, Marie-Christine. „Un siècle d'école dans l'Androy (XXe-début XXIe siècle) : logiques politiques, sociales et familiales de la scolarisation dans une région de Madagascar“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB129.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLocated at the extreme South of Madagascar, the Androy Region has several specific characteristics compared to the rest of the country when it comes to schooling: enrollment and literacy indicators there are the lowest of the island, and school attendance is particularly higher among girls than among boys at the primary level. Seeking to understand these particularities, this research aims to study, over the long term (from the emergence of schools to today), school attendance or lack thereof in the region. With the goal of understanding school dynamics and school enrollment practices in the Androy Region, the research attempts to reveal the evolution of logics and stakes that play out in the inter-relations between education policy, school supply, and social and family demands regarding school attendance. More specifically, the aim is to understand the academic "lag" and describe school enrollment trends in the Androy Region; and reveal the plurality of social and family practices regarding schooling and their underlying logics. At the crossroads of sociology, demography, history and anthropology, this research mobilizes several quantitative and qualitative sources that are compared and criticized in light of their production conditions: discourse and statistics (both administrative and school-related) drawn from colonial period archives, the statistics and educational policy announcements by the Ministry of Education, the 1993 population census, the 2008-09 demographic and health survey, and socio-anthropological study conducted in Tsihombe district. Contrary to the frequently touted argument that school is "rejected" by the population of the region, which has long been seen as "archaïc", "backwards" and refusing "progress", this research suggests the complexity of factors explaining the "school lag" in the Androy Region. These factors include the low interest of the successive (colonial and post-colonial) powers in the development of the region, whether in regard to schools or in general; the refusal to "submit" to the central authorities and the mistrust towards the administration and the State (fanjakana) and the institution that trained its agents; local power stakes in the quest for knowledge and school culture, which vary over time and depend on individuals' and groups' positions within the social arena; and finally, the ability of school itself to enable real acquisition of academic knowledge, which varies over time and by location. Taking a multidimensional and relative vision of poverty, this research also places the importance of economic capital in families' school enrollment practices into perspective. School enrollments does not appear to be dialectically linked to the monetary and financial dimension of families' assets, but rather more intimately linked to their social capital -in the Bourdieusian sense- and the ability of educational capital to produce symbolic capital. Continuing on from this line of reasoning, while school attendance has been higher among girls than among boys since the mid-1980s, this was the case initially "by default" until a true preference for girls' enrollment emerged more recently. This recent phenomenon seems to relate to the broadening of possibilities for women in society while a focus on school attendance among girls and women's empowerment is taking stronger hold among the public authorities and even more within the international organizations actions in the region. Even though shool attendance had grown during these last fifteen years, the issue of inequalities in schooling remains : less than one out of two children accesses school in the area, and only one out of three boys, the gender gap widening and leaving boys behind, at least in statistics point of view at the regional level
Ramavonirina, Oliva Rahantamalala. „Langage juridique et processus de développement : le cas de Madagascar“. Paris, INALCO, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INAL0021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAs a very technical and old fashion language that makes use of terms and phrases drawn from a foreign mind frame by the craft of History, the Malagasy law speech is hardly accessible to the population, though it has been intended to him. Consequently, it is not rare that justice decisions are barely executed, or even not at all, by the receivers who just do not understand what they are supposed to do. Hence, very serious prejudices come up for him/her whose sole guilt is not to understand neither French law speech due to amadel of thought that is far away from his own, nor official Malagasy law speech mould on the French madel with a thematic structure based on a logic system which is at the straight opposite of his/her way of thinking. This work is a contribution to modernize some old fashion terms still found in the Malagasy law speech on one hand, and on the other hand to modify the structure of the justice decision texts in order to fit Malagasy people's own mind frame. This should hopefully make Malagasy law speech much more understandable for the people, and by this way, to improve their relationship with Justice, so that the institution to fully play its role of a social regulator leading to a sustainable and integral human development
Nirhy-Lanto, Hery Andriamahazo. „La mutation de la classe politique malgache : un problème du temps présent“. Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INAL0024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe political life of Madagascar is marked by post-election crises and sociopolitical protests, during its 54 years of independence. From this observation, Malagasy people feel entitled to enjoy their riches and live a sustained development based on consideration of traditional values. Madagascar demands a real transformation of its political class. This change seems inevitable, but the main question is whether it will go to the expected direction... Opposition to this impulse is felt, since domestic and international political and economic issues require that Madagascar conforms to the stereotypical pattern of western development. Therefore, the words “democracy, good governance, globalization” seem so overused. By this way, sometimes, they lose the necessary precision and relevance for an understanding of system of values and political exchanges they are supposed to express and establish. Other corollaries of these superficial changes that were imposed are emerging, namely the proliferation of political stakeholders that involve a multiplication of related groups. Infact, there is currently about 150 political parties and associations that are registered at the Ministry of DomesticAffairs. However, with these political developments, no real “opposition” manifest positively. Ultimately, faced with this famous and inevitable change of its political class, Madagascar is encountering cultural, historical, institutional, economic and social problems. To uncover the real motives of this resistance to change, first, atentative definition of the concept of power in Madagascar and a descriptive overview of the Malagasy politicians during the colonial period is conducted. Afterwards, a study on the basis of the current Malagasy political class is performed. In addition to domestic social and economic difficulties, there are international geopolitical and economic interests. A particular observation is undertaken on the behavior of French investors and policymakers. This is actually a real and accurate illustration of pater familias behaviors that France adopts vis-à-vis its African partners
Rafidimalala, Isabelle Odette. „Logiques migratoires sur les hautes terres centrales de Madagascar : le cas des Zanakantitra de Ramainandro, depuis le début du XIXème siècle“. Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INAL0025.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe degree of mobility within the Merina region is showed by the first agrarian reform leaded by the King Andrianampoinimerina in order to ensure the limits of the kingdom and organize its expansion in the 18th century. Territories, called lohombitany are at that time allotted to some groups by way of reward for the loyalty and service towards the sovereign. The Ramainandro, part of the Merina tribe are an excellent topic for a study about the contribution of migration. Their grouping in the west of the Ankaratra massif, due to the acquisition of a lohombitany under Radama I, conferred them a distinct status, confirmed by the emergence of the Christian intelligentsia and monks. Two main reasons can explain the exceptional rise of this tribe: on one hand, the catalyst role of the Christian missionary who chose Ramainandro as one of its favorite field; on the second hand, the French recognition resulting from the support given by a fraction of the group which helped to weaken the anti-French insurrection of the Menalamba, on the beginning of colonization. Currently, they continue to migrate without breaking with the territory assigned to them, retaining their identity in a remarkable way. The attachment to ancestral shrine and ancestral lands is an irrefutable proof of territorial belonging and group identity. In addition, the group carried out a detailed genealogy in order to justify their right to the lohombitany in question. Moreover, powerful networks of associations are founded to claim the status of Ramainandro. The genealogical study, biographical and life stories help to discover the portrait of Ramainandro tribe as formerly belonging to the groups of Ambodirano and Imerina
Lazarídou, Anastasia. „Les peintures murales de la Panaghia Phanérôméni à Salamine (1735) : contribution à l'oeuvre du peintre Ghéorghios Marcou (XVIIIe siècle)“. Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010505.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBa, Amadou. „Des "Sénégalais" à Madagascar : militaires ouest-africains dans la conquête et la colonisation de la Grande-île (1895-1960)“. Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOf Senegalese in Madagascar : West African Soldiers in the Colonization of the Grande Ile (1895-1960) France, in the second half of the 19th century, in an attempt to regain part of the grandeur she had lost during the Napoleonic wars, and most significantly in the aftermath of her defeat against Prussia in 1980, resumed her colonization policy in Africa and the Indian Ocean. In March 1895, an expedition launched against the Grande ile resulted in the capture of Antanananarivo in September that same year. The troops sent to this country included individuals hailing from Afrique Occidentale Française (French West Africa), usually referred to as the "tirailleurs senegalais" - even though most of them did not originate from the colony of Senegal per se, but rather from other territories - who played a significant part After being used as units of conquest and « pacifying », the African recruits from the A. O. F, Afrique occidentale française (French West Africa), remained stationed in this southwestern Indian océan colony as an occupying force and turned into police forces. In the year 1947, a violent insurrection broke out in eastern Madagascar. In order to repress this uprising, France sent once more battalions of "tirailleurs sénégalais", quartered in her Djibouti base, but also in metropolitan France. Many of those soldiers were killed (1,900 "tirailleurs" died). At the end of the operation, large numbers of those soldiers were maintained in this country as policemen, as had been the case at the beginning of the XIXth century, and without ever returning to their homeland. Drawing from archives (Vincennes and Aix-en-Provence in France, the National Archives of Senegal and the Archives of the Republic of Madagascar), iconography and films, fieldwork carried out in Madagascar in 2006, in Senegal (2006 and 2008), and in France; but drawing mostly from books and journals on the history of the "tirailleurs sénégalais", colonial French and Malagasy military history, I seek to pièce together this history of the "tirailleurs sénégalais". A history both neglected by scholars and overlooked by the French nation. My dissertation falls into three chapters: First, I analyze the main motivations behind the military draft in West Africa used so as to conquer a colony located thousands of kilometers away from A. O. F. (French West Africa). What were the particulars, the methods, and the strategies of the draft? What was the position of the A. O. F. In this draft? How did the young African view the army? Where those recruits volunteers? What were their social and ethnic backgrounds? The second chapter is devoted to the study of the various missions the tirailleurs sénégalais were trusted with. What was their role in the colonization of Malagascar? What happened to them after the conquest and "pacifying"? Lastly, I turn to the contemporary impact of a West African presence in the colonization of Madagascar through three themes:
Young-Vigneault, Émilie. „Étude dendroarchéologique d'une collection de bois associée à des constructions militaires de la fin du 18e siècle, Île aux Noix, Haut-Richelieu, Québec“. Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22076.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMarikandia, Louis. „Contribution à la connaissance des Vezo du Sud-Ouest de Madagascar : histoire et société de l'espace littoral du Fiherena au dix-huitième et au dix-neuvième siècles“. Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010545.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRavonjiarisoa, Alice Marie Linah. „Les dictionnaires bilingues malgaches dès origines jusqu’à la fin du XIXe siècle : étude historique et métalexicographique“. Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021INAL0005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe history of the Malagasy lexicography begins in 1603, with the publication of the plurilingual dictionary of Frederick de Houtman, a merchant navigator. It continued until the 21st century when in 2019, a bilingual and bidirectional school dictionary for Malagasy school and college students was published. Studies on the history of Malagasy dictionaries are rather recent [J. Dez (1958, 1979, 1991) ; F. Raison Jourde (1977) ; N. Rajaonarimanana (2000)]. As an extension of these works, this thesis deals with the cultural and intellectual history of the first lexicographical repertoires (1603-1773) and the bilingual-printed or manuscript dictionaries produced throughout the 19th century (1816-1896) which are not very well-known and little studied. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first focalises on historical witnesses of the Malagasy language with the analysis of the founding works of Houtman (1603), Flacourt (1658), Drury (1729), Challan (1773)and Froberville (1816). The second part deals with the birth of modern Malagasy lexicography (1818-1835) and historical and metalexicographical analyses of the first bidirectional dictionary of Johns and Freeman (1835). The final part focuses on the typology and the formal study (macrostructure and microstructure) of the 19th century dictionaries. This study aims at placing each lexicographical work in the context of its production from a historical, cultural and linguistic point of view
Faessel, Sonia. „Le mythe de Tahiti : de l'expérience des voyageurs à l'exploitation littéraire et philosophique dans les oeuvres du XVIIIème siècle inspirées de Tahiti“. Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040184.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAudet, Bernard. „L'établissement agricole de l'île d'Orléans : XVIIe siècle - début du XVIIIe : étude de culture matérielle“. Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29217.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleYoung, Vigneault Emilie. „Étude dendroarchéologique d'une collection de bois associée à des constructions militaires de la fin du 18e siècle, Île aux Noix, Haut-Richelieu, Québec“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27190/27190.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRomeuf-Salomone, Sophie. „Le pouvoir colonial et les communautés étrangères à Madagascar : 1896-1939“. Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX10046.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRipol, Georges. „Les forces aériennes françaises dans la zone Sud de l'océan Indien, 1929-2004 : du camp d'aviation d'Ivato à la B.A. 181 de Saint-Denis-Gillot : soixante-quinze [75] années de présence de l'Armée de l'air à Madagascar et à La Réunion“. La Réunion, 2008. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/08_13-ripol.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSet up in Madagascar in 1929, the military french air force travelled around from Ivato, near Tananarive. Until the beginning of the '70, aircrafts of the armee de l'air performed thousands of varied missions : transport, air link, Search and Rescue. Some of them and their crews fought british / South African invaders in 1942 and others took a large part in the campaign against Madagascar! uprising in 1947-48. In 1973, because of the new political orientations in Tananarive, the french forces had to leave Madagascar. The base aerienne 181 was then transfered from Ivato to Saint-Denis-Gillot, Reunion island. In 1976, it adopted the name of tradition « Lieutenant Roland Garros ». Using only transport planes and helicopters, B. A. 181 airmen form the air component of the french military organization in the southern area of Indian ocean. Then, they greatly acted for the permanence of France's influence in this part of the World
Huyghues-Belrose, Vincent. „L'évangélisation du sud-ouest de l'Océan indien du XVe au XVIIIe siècle (Afrique orientale, Comores, Madagascar, Mascareignes)“. Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010676.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle