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Dissertationen zum Thema „Medical genetics“

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1

Rodas, Perez M. C. "Medical genetics in Colombia : genetic consultation and counselling in five genetic clinics." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/46980/.

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Today genetic services including genetic counselling are widespread across the world. Although developing countries, like Colombia, have started to apply genetic knowledge to the health area, genetic counselling is usually integrated in the routine clinical genetic consultation, however, before this study the process of communication involved in it had not been explored. In collaboration with the Colombian Association of Medical Genetics, the Bogotá Health Service, and the University of Warwick (UK), I observed 25 genetic consultations in five Colombian genetic clinics. I undertook semi-struc
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2

Leeming, William J. "Medical specialization and medical genetics in Canada (1947 and after)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0001/NQ43440.pdf.

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3

Martin, Hilary Chenevix. "Genomic approaches to medical and population genetics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:44fc9605-a2a8-4b91-9ea9-989fb8203d27.

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Over the last fifteen years, rapid advances in genotyping and DNA sequencing technologies have revolutionised genetic and biomedical research. In this thesis, we present some applications of these technologies in studying rare disease, population genetics and meiotic recombination. We begin by reviewing previous research in these areas in Chapter 1. Then in Chapter 2, we present some case studies of Mendelian neurological disorders that were carried out as part of a large clinical whole-genome sequencing project, WGS500. These led to the discovery of several new genes for a type of severe earl
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4

Whitmore, Scott Anthony. "Positional cloning of genes associated with human disease /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw616.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, 1999.<br>Copies of author's previously published articles inserted. Amendments pasted onto back-end paper. Bibliography: leaves 255-286.
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5

Freeze, Samantha. "Genetic Testing and Counseling Practices for Patients with Retinoblastoma at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1427813631.

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6

Ivansson, Emma. "Contribution of Immunogenetic Factors in Susceptibility to Cervical Cancer." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för genetik och patologi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9552.

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Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. Persistent infection by an oncogenic type of human papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary but not sufficient cause and there is also a genetic component. This thesis aims to identify host genetic risk factors for cervical cancer based on the hypothesis that susceptibility is affected by genetic variation in the immune response towards HPV infection. Paper I analyzed allergy in sons and cervical cancer in their mothers, and revealed an inverse association between cervical cancer and allergy across generations. Mothers of allergic
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7

Chuang, William 1970. "Design of a genetics database for medical research." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86291.

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Thesis (S.B. and M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 54-57, first group).<br>by William Chuang.<br>S.B.and M.Eng.
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8

Miller, Fiona Alice. "A blueprint for defining health, making medical genetics in Canada, c. 1935-1975." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ56247.pdf.

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9

Andrews, Verity A. "Genetics and genomics in nursing : what are the characteristics of genetic nurse adopters and nurse opinion leaders in genetics and genomics?" Thesis, University of South Wales, 2012. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/genetics-and-genomics-in-nursing(237c7d78-1001-4039-9c54-e694eae69dc9).html.

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Background. Aspects of genetics/genomics are increasingly being incorporated into medicine. Nurses are crucial in helping transform healthcare through genomic nursing (Loud, 2010). However the integration of genetics/genomics into nursing education has been sporadic (Dodson and Lewallen, 2011). Influencing its uptake into practice may be via nurses who are already utilising genetics/genomics in their practice (adopters) and nurses who may lead the way and encourage others (opinion leaders) to do likewise. Identifying the characteristics of such adopters and opinion leaders within nursing may p
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Nudel, Ron. "Molecular genetics of language impairment." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:70249129-ef2e-4508-b8f6-50d6eae8e78b.

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Developmental language impairments are neurodevelopmental disorders in which the acquisition of language, a task which children typically perform with ease, is hindered or fraught with difficulty. This work focuses on specific language impairment (SLI), a common and highly heritable language impairment in which language development is abnormal while other developmental domains are normal. Additionally, a case-study of a child with a broader linguistic and behavioural phenotype is also presented. The work described in this thesis includes both genetic and functional investigations which were ai
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11

Björck, Hanna. "Vessel wall integrity : influence of genetics and flow." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Centrum för medicinsk bildvetenskap och visualisering, CMIV, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-73958.

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of death worldwide. Underlying causes, such as atherosclerosis and hypertension, are associated with remodeling of the vessel wall ultimately leading to loss of structural integrity. There are a number of factors that can influence vascular remodeling and hence structural integrity. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate aortic wall integrity in relation to genetics and blood flow. The influence of SNPs within the currently most robust susceptibility locus identified for CVD (chromosome 9p21.3) on abdominal aortic integrity was studied
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Åberg, Karolina. "Finding genes for schizophrenia /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5894.

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13

Huson, Susan Mary. "Clinical and genetic studies of von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236157.

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A population-based study in South East Wales (population 668,100) identified 69 families with 135 affected members with von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis (NF-1), giving a disease prevalence of 20/105 of population. In these families penetrance of the NF-1 gene was 100% by the age of five years. 41/135 cases were judged to represent new disease mutations and the mutation rate was estimated to lie between 3.1x10-5 and 10.4x10-5. A parental age effect for new mutations was not demonstrated, nor was a maternal effect on disease severity. The clinical features and natural history of NF-1 in this
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14

Meredith, Christopher. "Molecular genetic investigation of autosomal dominant muscular dystrophy." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2001. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1509.

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This thesis contributes to the Human Genome Project by adding detail to the physical and genetic maps of the human genome, and by identifying a strong candidate gene for a form of distal myopathy. Genomic clones for the human skeletal muscle genes slow troponin (TNN/1), alpha actin (ACTA1), and (3-tropomyosin (TPM2) were isolated for use in the fluorescent in situ hybridisation localisation of these genes on the cytogenetic map of the human genome. The localisation of these genes made them potential candidates for inherited skeletal muscle diseases, including the muscular dystrophies investiga
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Mulley, John Charles. "Genetic marker studies in humans /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm958.pdf.

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16

Lundin, Cecilia. "Homologous recombination at replication forks in mammalian cells /." Stockholm : Institutionen för genetik, mikrobiologi och toxikologi, Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-207.

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17

Luo, Yuqun. "Incorporation of genetic marker information in estimating model parameters for complex traits with data from large complex pedigrees /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486549482668451.

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18

Nylander, Per-Olof. "Ethnic heterogeneity of the North-Swedish population : its origin and medical consequences." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Medicinsk och klinisk genetik, 1992. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-102561.

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Northern Sweden shows a unique population structure with remarkable geographical variations in the distribution of genetic disorders as well as genetic markers like blood groups, serum groups and red cell enzyme types. The present-day population of northern Sweden is a mixture of people of Finnish, Saamish (Lappish) and Central-Swedish origin. In this thesis the ethnic heterogeneity of the North-Swedish population (counties of Västerbotten and Norrbotten) was studied using genetic blood markers, and the epidemiological impact of the ethnic heterogeneity was exemplified by studying the geograph
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19

Pretorius, Careni Elizabeth. "A clinical and molecular investigation of two families with Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6006.

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20

Ngongang, Tekendo Cedrik. "Genetic investigation of South Africans with the Noonan Syndrome phenotype using targeted next generation sequencing." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27376.

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Introduction: Noonan Syndrome (NS) is an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder, characterised by short stature, distinctive facial dysmorphism, cardiovascular abnormalities and developmental delay. Its estimated incidence is 1:1000 to 1:2500 live births. NS is caused by germline mutations in more than ten genes encoding proteins integral to the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway. Pathogenic variants in these genes account for 70-80% of NS cases. The clinical diagnosis of NS can be challenging in some cases, even when performed by experienced clinicians. The introduction of Next Generation Sequencing
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21

Crous, Ilse. "Craniosynostosis in a South Africa population." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33611.

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Background: Craniosynostosis refers to the premature fusion of calvarial bones which lead to restricted growth potential. Compensatory growth occurs in the dimensions not restricted by fusion and causes progressive distortion in the skull shape. The majority of craniosynostosis cases occur in isolation and are so called non-syndromic craniosynostosis. In about 30 % of all cases, anomalies are noted along with the craniosynostosis, often defining a described and recognised syndrome. The aim is to delineate the phenotype observed in a South African population. Methods: In this descriptive study,
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22

Peterson, Kristen N. "Investigating the Role of Bptf in Immunoediting in Breast Cancer and Melanoma." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3793.

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In this study, we explore the effects of NURF depletion on the growth of tumors in immune-competent mice. NURF depletion in tumors results in reduced tumor growth in immune-competent mice, suggesting enhanced anti-tumor immunity. Analysis of the tumor microenvironment by flow cytometry revealed a significantly elevated CD8 and progressively elevated activated CD8 phenotype in Bptf KD tumors, possibly contributing to the increase in cell death and decrease in tumor weight observed. Examination of antigen presentation was evaluated using the OT-1 and Pmel-17 models, though no significant differe
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23

Heilbronn, Leonie Kaye. "Gene/environment interactions in human obesity." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh466.pdf.

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24

Luedders, Jonathan. "A Review of Common and Rare Genetic Variants in Schizophrenia." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2540.

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Genetic epidemiology has shown a large role for genetic influences on schizophrenia. However, the nature of the variants involved is debated. The common disease-common variant (CDCV) hypothesis suggests that schizophrenia is caused by common alleles with small effect sizes. According to the common disease-rare variant (CDRV) hypothesis, schizophrenia is caused by rare variants with large effect sizes. In recent years, evidence has been found for both common and rare variants in schizophrenia. Several SNPs have been associated with schizophrenia through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), s
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25

Murray, Aoife Maureen. "Investigating the role of ZDHHC9 in intellectual disability." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648223.

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26

Wilkinson, Clare Elizabeth. "Multiple experts : scientific, medical, media and lay discourses on 'new genetics'." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1629.

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The significance of public relationships with scientific and medical expertise has increasingly been highlighted as an area of importance in governmental policy formulation and scientific activities. Central to this relationship has been the role of the media, frequently depicted as increasing the strained communications between science, medicine and the public in the present UK 'crisis' of expertise. Sociological research has contributed to our understandings of science, medicine, the media and lay knowledge. The research presented in this thesis correlates these contributions. It focuses on
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27

Schymick, Jennifer. "The genetics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f68f15c2-2875-46ba-bf25-8324c1dead91.

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterised clinically by rapidly progressive paralysis leading ultimately to death from respiratory failure. There is no cure for ALS and no definitive explanation for the onset and rapid progression of motor neuron degeneration. Genetics is a known risk factor for a portion of familial cases. However, the role of genetics in the commoner sporadic form of the disease is poorly understood, although numerous genes have been implicated. The primary aim of this thesis project is to uncover the genetic causes that underlie
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Mells, George Frank Gannaway. "Investigation of the genetic basis of primary biliary cirrhosis : the PBC genetics study." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648610.

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29

Hrabik, Sarah A. "The Clinical Utility of a SNP Microarray in Patients with Epilepsy at a Tertiary Medical Center." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1368024881.

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30

Simmons, Christopher Ryan. "GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES AT THE INTERFACE OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND EPIDEMIOLOGICALLY RELATED DISORDERS." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/824.

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Genome-wide association studies (GWAS)s provide an unbiased means of exploring the landscape of complex genetic disease. As such, these studies have identified genetic variants that are robustly associated with a multitude of conditions. I hypothesize that these genetic variants serve as excellent tools for evaluation of the genetic interface between epidemiologically related conditions. Herein, I test the association between SNPs associated with either (i) plasma lipids, (ii) rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or (iii) diabetes mellitus (DM) and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD) to identify shared g
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Rivas, Cruz Manuel A. "Medical relevance and functional consequences of protein truncating variants." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a042ca18-7b35-4a62-aef0-e3ba2e8795f7.

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Genome-wide association studies have greatly improved our understanding of the contribution of common variants to the genetic architecture of complex traits. However, two major limitations have been highlighted. First, common variant associations typically do not identify the causal variant and/or the gene that it is exerting its effect on to influence a trait. Second, common variant associations usually consist of variants with small effects. As a consequence, it is more challenging to harness their translational impact. Association studies of rare variants and complex traits may be able to h
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Basu, Saonli. "Allele-sharing methods for linkage detection using extended pedigrees /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8931.

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33

Phuwadol, Bangrak Lily Eurwilaichitr. "Expression and secretion of giant catfish growth hormone in methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris /." Abstract, 1999. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2542/42E-PhuwadolB.pdf.

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34

Marshall, Jennifer. "The development of contemporary medical genetics research models and the need for scientific responsibility /." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82289.

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Current medical genetics research is dominated by a single theory that supports the Human Genome Project rationale. This thesis investigates this and several alternative hypotheses and the ethical context related to their development. Firstly, the hypotheses are discussed in detail followed by a subsection in which research evidence based on each hypothesis is cited. Secondly, these medical genetics hypotheses are situated within the contemporary medical paradigm. To conclude, the thesis examines in depth the ethical and practical implications of medical genetics research. A framework o
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35

Dursun, Ahmet. "The molecular pathologies of BRCA1 in ovarian cancer patients from the west of Scotland." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368585.

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36

Martin, Julie Sarah. "In vivo and in vitro analysis of TGF-#beta#1 knockout embryos." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295325.

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37

Gurdasani, Deepti. "Design strategies in the study of genetics of complex disease in diverse populations." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.707908.

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38

Pithara, Christalla. "Identifying the benefits and disbenefits of clinical genetics services : a framework for economic evaluation." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2011. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/identifying-the-benefits-and-disbenefits-of-clinical-genetics-services(26dc5692-8d18-4977-99e4-90fd8e76d0fb).html.

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A number of methodological considerations have been discussed in the area of economic evaluation of Clinical Genetic Services (CGSs) including the limited knowledge of psychosocial consequences of these services. This study aims to address this gap by identifying tangible and intangible benefits and disbenefits of CGSs and presenting these within a framework to assist in the design of a comprehensive welfarist economic evaluation. Mixed methods of data collection were adopted and a UK medical genetics service was used as a case study. Face-to-face interviews with genetic service providers were
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39

Wilkins, James. "Functional analysis of polymorphisms associated with osteoarthritis susceptibility that affect cis-regulation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cfbed303-bdfd-4bb4-bd8f-a3dcd63167bc.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common, multifactorial disease that is characterized by focal degeneration of the smooth articular cartilage in any of the synovial joints. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms for OA are still not fully understood, epidemiological studies have evidenced a significant genetic component to OA susceptibility. Genome-wide linkage scans and large-scale association studies have had success in unraveling the genetic architecture underlying OA with the identification of a number of susceptibility genes. In this work, functional analyses are reported of OA associated p
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40

Glassberg, Andrea E. "Genetic testing for susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer : a case study of clinical decision-making in medical genetics /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10308.

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41

Matias, Margret. "Comparison of medical management and genetic counseling options pre- and post-whole exome sequencing for patients with positive and negative results." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1490352906282189.

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42

Melley, Caitlin. "Surgical fetal intervention assessing the current practices of genetic counselors /." Waltham, Mass. : Brandeis University, 2009. http://dcoll.brandeis.edu/handle/10192/23321.

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43

Davis, Hayley Louise. "Functional analysis of cancer-causing FBXW7 mutations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9c1b7f72-0733-439f-919a-6c66f7f44bfc.

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FBXW7 encodes the substrate recognition component of an SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. This complex regulates the degradation of multiple targets, such as Notch1, c-Jun, c-Myc and cyclin E, that function in critical developmental and cancer pathways. FBXW7 mutations are found in cancers of diverse tissue origins, with one of the highest mutation rates in the colorectrum. FBXW7 mutations are typically missense mutations that disrupt the substrate recognition domain at critical arginine propellor-tips. Mutations are often mono-allelic suggesting that FBXW7 is not a typical tumour supressor gen
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Cheng, Timothy. "Genetic susceptibility to endometrial cancer." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3a559ae0-156f-48a2-a64e-b03a13c562df.

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Endometrial cancer (EC) is the fourth most common cancer affecting women in the UK. Those with a family history of EC have an increased risk compared with the general population. Highly penetrant germline mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes and DNA polymerases account for only a small proportion of the familial aggregation. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the genetic susceptibility to EC in the general population using cases and controls of European ancestry. A GWAS meta-analysis totalling 7,737 EC cases and 37,144 controls yielded five novel EC risk loci of genome-wide significa
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Verma, Deepti. "Genetic variations in the NALP3 inflammasome: a susceptibility factor for inflammatory diseases." Licentiate thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19144.

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<p>Innate immunity has received impressive attention in the past decade owing to the discovery of the Toll like receptors (TLRs) and the NOD-like receptors (NLRs). While the TLRs specialize in fighting microbes at the cell surface, the NLRs complement by detecting and responding to intracellular microbes. Recently, the non-microbe sensing NLR called inflammasomes, have been identified, which senses metabolic stress as well as certain pathogenic microbes and elicits host’s inflammatory response. <strong></strong></p><p>The NLR, NALP3 (formerly known as cryopyrin) forms a large cytoplasmic compl
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Shipman, Lydia. "The functional consequences of autoimmune variants in the tyrosine kinase 2 gene region." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d7546fb0-3eb3-459c-867f-6e83d5dc2387.

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The tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) gene was first implicated in autoimmune disease in 2009 when a nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (nsSNP) in TYK2 was reported to be associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). The immunological function of TYK2, as a kinase involved in signal transduction downstream of numerous different cytokine receptors, further strengthened the candidacy of the gene as an MS-relevant risk factor. More recently, this nsSNP has been associated with several other autoimmune conditions. In addition, another three different SNPs in the region have been found to be associated
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47

Laurell, Henrik. "Hormone-sensitive lipase molecular analyses of the human gene : structural and evolutionary aspects on expression, alternating splicing and cold adaptation /." Lund : Dept. of Cell and Molecular Biology, Section for Molecular Signalling, Lund University, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39056075.html.

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48

Brohawn, David G. "Investigating the molecular etiologies of sporadic ALS (sALS) using RNA-Sequencing." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4159.

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ALS is an often lethal disease involving degeneration of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Current treatments only extend life by several months, and novel therapies are needed. We combined RNA-Sequencing, systems biology analyses, and molecular biology assays to elucidate sporadic ALS group-specific differences in postmortem cervical spinal sections (7 sALS and 8 control samples) that may be relevant to disease pathology. >55 million 2X150 RNA-sequencing reads per sample were generated and processed. In Chapter 2, we used bioinformatics tools to identify nuclear differentially expre
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Wong, Hei Sunny. "Genetic susceptibility to common mycobacterial diseases." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cb4dd818-4693-4168-ad8a-cdeb59e2d5f3.

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Common mycobacterial diseases, including tuberculosis and leprosy, contribute to major mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite evidence of an important role of host genetic factors in susceptibility to these infections, few compelling genetic associations have been identified with previous candidate gene and linkage approaches. This thesis investigates the genetic factors of human immunity to these mycobacterial diseases using a high-throughput approach of association testing. To assess genetic susceptibility to tuberculosis, I have conducted a genome-wide association study in the Gambian p
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Wright, Alice Ann. "The Genomic Sequence and Annotation of Bacteriophage HK239." TopSCHOLAR®, 2010. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/208.

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Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria and they are the most numerous biological entities on Earth. Temperate phage can adopt two different lifestyles. In the lytic lifestyle, a phage injects its genome into the host and a controlled developmental program ensues. The phage DNA is replicated, phage genes are expressed and new viral particles are assembled. Ultimately, the host cell lyses and the phage particles are released into the environment. In the lysogenic lifestyle, a phage integrates its genome into the host chromosome, creating a prophage. The cell containing the prophage is k
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