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1
Xiang, Hongzhong, Zixing Feng, Jianfei Yang, Fang Liang, Tao Zhang, Wanhe Hu, Bingbing Mi, Xiaomeng Yang und Zhijia Liu. „N-doped porous carbon derived from bamboo fiber as a high-performance adsorbent for methylene blue“. BioResources 14, Nr. 4 (19.09.2019): 8765–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.4.8765-8784.
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N-doped porous carbon materials derived from bamboo fibers (NBFCs) were synthesized through a simple simultaneous activation and carbonization method. The effects of the adsorbent dosage, absorption temperature, pH of the solution, initial concentration, and contact time on the absorption of methylene blue were investigated. The equilibrium, kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics of the adsorption process were also analyzed. The results showed that NBFC-800 had a good adsorption capacity of 816.0 mg/g and a high removal efficiency of 93.3% during the optimum absorption process with an adsorbent dosage of 0.8 g/L, adsorption temperature of 25 °C, initial concentration of 700 mg/L, and a solution pH of 9.0. The adsorption process included instantaneous adsorption or external surface adsorption, intraparticle diffusion, and an equilibrium process. Methylene blue adsorption of NBFC-800 agreed with the pseudo second-order model and belonged to the Langmuir isotherm model. The results will be useful for the development of high-performance NBFCs to efficiently remove methylene blue from wastewater.
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Bhatt, Madhav Bhargav. „RIPPLE EFFECT OF THE IL&FS CRISIS“. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDUSTRY 9, Nr. 2 (13.04.2021): 1206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/itii.v9i2.474.
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Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFC) are those financial institutions which cater to the demand of those customers whom banks think as sub-prime. In India these companies referred to as NBFC are currently very vulnerable and it is a concern for both RBI as well as the government. The major reason for the concern is the 2019 crisis in the NBFC sector. The crisis which ended in late 2019 was not an overnight event. The worsening of the conditions of NBFCs started in the mid-2018 and gradually deteriorated. The whole crisis timeline can be divided in 2 parts. The first part being the period in which the uncovering of the situation happens and the second part is the actions taken against the defaulters and measures to revive the sector. In this paper we have done an event study of the announcements made during the first period which showed the uncovering of crisis. The major announcements which took place in that period were considered and how those announcement affected the stock price of the related companies. The reason for doing this study was to assess the ripple effect of an announcement of one company on the company, industry and economy as a whole.
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Iqbal, Arshad, Ayaz Ali Sher, Naveed Muhammad, Syed Lal Badshah, Abdul-Hamid Emwas und Mariusz Jaremko. „Extraction and Fractionation of Prokinetic Phytochemicals from Chrozophora tinctoria and Their Bioactivities“. Molecules 27, Nr. 13 (05.07.2022): 4321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27134321.
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Chrozophora tinctoria is an annual plant of the family Euphorbiaceae, traditionally used as a laxative, a cathartic and an emetic. A methanolic extract of Chrozophora tinctoria (MEC) whole plant and an n-butanol fraction of Chrozophora tinctoria (NBFC) were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to detect the phytochemicals. MEC and NBFC were tested for in vitro anti acetylcholinesterase (AChE) potential. The effect of both samples on intestinal propulsive movement and spasmolytic activity in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) was also studied. About twelve compounds in MEC and three compounds in NBFC were tentatively identified through GC-MS. Some of them are compounds with known therapeutic activity, such as toluene; imipramine; undecane; 14-methyl-pentadecanoic acid methyl ester; and hexadecanoic acid. Both NBFC and MEC samples were checked for acute toxicity and were found to be highly toxic in a dose-dependent manner, causing diarrhea and emesis at 1 g/kg concentration in pigeons, with the highest lethargy and mortality above 3 g/kg. Both the samples of Chrozophora tinctoria revealed significant (p ≤ 0.01) laxative activity against metronidazole (7 mg/kg) and loperamide hydrochloride (4 mg/kg)-induced constipation. NBFC (81.18 ± 2.5%) and MEC (68.28 ± 2.4%) significantly increased charcoal meal intestinal transit compared to distal water (41.15 ± 4.3%). NBFC exhibited a significant relaxant effect (EC50 = 3.40 ± 0.20 mg/mL) in spontaneous rabbit jejunum as compared to MEC (EC50 = 4.34 ± 0.68 mg/kg). Similarly, the impact of NBFC on KCl-induced contraction was more significant than that of MEC (EC50 values of 7.22 ± 0.06 mg/mL and 7.47 ± 0.57 mg/mL, respectively). The present study scientifically validates the folk use of Chrozophora tinctoria in the management of gastrointestinal diseases such as constipation. Further work is needed to isolate the phytochemicals that act as diarrheal agents in Chrozophora tinctoria.
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Kalyani, Dr P., Dr T. Suchitra Rani und P. Shanmuk Yadav. „PROFITABILITY OF A FIRM AND ITS DETERMINANTS - EVIDENCE FROM INDIAN NBFC SECTOR“. BSSS Journal of Management 12, Nr. 1 (30.06.2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.51767/jm1201.
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Over the past few years, the NBFC sector in India has witnessed a noteworthy transformation by catering to employment generation, infrastructure development, wealth creation and financial upliftment of the weaker sections. With the growing credit of NBFCs, their profitability becomes an important aspect for their existence. Hence, the current student is aimed at identifying the determinants of profitability of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India. The data pertaining to top 10 NBFCs listed on BSE for a period of five years from FY2015-16 to FY2019-20 was considered as sample for the study. Two different regression models were used for the data analysis where ROA and ROE were used as dependent variables. Capital adequacy, asset quality, operating profitability and net interest margin were used as independent variables in both the models. It was found that capital adequacy and operating profitability has significant impact on ROA. Whereas the factors significantly impacting ROE were capital adequacy, operating profitability and net interest margin.
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Sangeetha, S., und K. Chitra. „SOLVENCY AND SURVIVAL OF MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS: AN INDIAN SCENARIO-POLICY IMPLICATIONS TO IMPROVE ENDURANCE“. Indian Journal of Finance and Banking 5, Nr. 2 (29.04.2021): 130–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.46281/ijfb.v5i2.1097.
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In India, more than 450 million people are outside banking orbit. Many economically deprived communities borrow money from money lenders who charged them to an extent of 115% interest. Microfinance was a strong tool to rescue the poor from Ponzi Schemes. Microfinance industry thrived well in India. It recorded huge growth in South India than North India. The Microfinance crisis broke during the year 2010 in Andhra Pradesh. A bill enacted in Andhra Pradesh made the situation still worse. The repayment rate of the Micro finance clients dropped from 95% (2010) to 1% (2012). This made the survival of the Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) questionable. The paper aims at exploring the solvency and survival positions of the Private & Public NBFC MFIs. Based on the Altman’s Z revised score model (applicable for financial institutions) and Survival analysis, the results reflect that Private NBFC MFIs are solvent and had better survival than Public NBFC MFIs. It aims at understanding the factors discriminating the solvent and insolvent Microfinance Institutions.
JEL Classification Codes: G20, G21, G23, G28, G33.
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Rupa, R. „Indian NBFC MFIs Vs. Bangladeshi NGO MFIs“. Asian Journal of Management 8, Nr. 2 (2017): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2321-5763.2017.00046.4.
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7
Prudhvi, Sankar, und Mousumi Bhattacharya. „Shadow banking in India“. Corporate Governance and Sustainability Review 4, Nr. 2 (2020): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cgsrv4i2p3.
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The NBFCs have been the proxies of shadow banking in India. The shadow banking channel is in its evolutionary phase in India. Hence the debate about the shadow banking channels is still on as far as India is concerned. The FSB (Financial Stability Board) in its report points out the various emerging trends and growth of the shadow banking channels in various countries including India. It is imperative to study the trends of shadow banking channels in India to understand the possible financial contagion effect of it on the formal banking systems. This paper studies the deposits accepted by and the loans advanced by the NBFCs from/to the households sector, the credit flow to the commercial sector from the non-banking channels to understand the broad trends. It further studies the difference in the net flow of resources to and from a particular type of NBFCs, to gain insights into the sources of funds with an objective to understand the interconnectedness of NBFCs and the formal banking channels. The paper makes an attempt to study the relationship between CRAR and GNPA to understand the financial performance with a specific reference to NBFC-MFIs (selected on a sample basis).
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Chaturvedi, Anurag, und Archana Singh. „Examining Systemic Risk using Google PageRank Algorithm: An Application to Indian Non-Bank Financial Companies (NBFCs) Crisis“. International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences 7, Nr. 4 (17.07.2022): 575–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/ijmems.2022.7.4.037.
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In the recent financial crises, attention has shifted towards "too-central-to-fail" to recognize the sources of systemic risk. The NBFC Crisis of 2018-19 adversely affected other financial institutions and the real economy of India. The NBFCs crisis highlighted the role of smaller institutions in perpetuating and amplifying the crisis. Thus, the present study models the interconnection of NBFCs with the rest of financial institutions using a complex Granger-causality network based on returns data. The PageRank algorithm identifies the central and important nodes and ranks financial institutions in pre-crisis and crisis periods. The financial institutions are also ranked based on the maximum percentage loss suffered during the crises. Using non-parametric rank-based regression, the PageRank ranking of financial institutions in the pre-crises period (explanatory variable) is regressed with the ranking of financial institutions based on maximum percentage loss suffered by them during the crises period (dependent variable) along with Leverage and Size as control variables. We found that PageRank from pre-crisis can significantly identify most financial institutions that suffered loss during NBFCs crises even in the presence of control variables.
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Suar, Prasanta Kumar, und Sasmita Mishra. „Relationship Marketing Effectiveness Model for an Indian NBFC“. Indian Journal of Marketing 50, Nr. 12 (31.12.2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2020/v50/i12/156306.
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10
Esampally, Chandraiah, und Manoj Kumar Joshi. „Operational self-sufficiency of select NBFC-MFIS of Andhra Pradesh“. SMART Journal of Business Management Studies 12, Nr. 2 (2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2321-2012.2016.00009.9.
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11
Dr. M.S. Meiyappan, Dr M. S. Meiyappan, und Dr S. Annamalai Dr. S. Annamalai. „Financial Impact of Microfinance on The NbFc-MFI borrowers in Kanchipuram District“. Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, Nr. 7 (01.10.2011): 310–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/july2014/98.
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12
Sharma, Dr Renu. „Prompt Corrective Action (PCA) Scheme Avoiding Failure of Bank & NBFC“. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research 04, Nr. 03 (2022): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2022.v04i03.062.
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In all countries the banking system is under monitoring and control of one regulator along with central government of that country. All autonomy of the banks is regulated by Central bank of the country, Reserve Bank of India in case of India. The health of the banks is very sensitive and micro parameter but few parameters to assess the health of a bank are Capital adequacy (CRAR), Return on Assets (RoA) and NPA level, when we talk about GNPA it is ratio of gross nonperforming assets with total outstanding loans if provision against NPA assets is subtracted the figure will come out NNPA (Net NPA). After long considerations, deliberations, comments of bank and other stake holders RBI applied the trigger level of these parameters as PCA application. RBI decided the mandatory and discretionary actions against banks at various trigger levels of three parameters CRAR, NPA and RoA. All trigger levels for separate categories like PSBs, old private banks, new generation private Banks and foreign bank, all actions mandatory and discretionary are applied in PCA by RBI. As the RRBs are also systemically important financial system later on PCA was applied to RRBs also. RBI also applied PCA to NBFC (with certain Exceptions) on the inspection of balance sheet as at 31.03.2022 with effect from 1 October 2022.
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Sharma, Arpita, und Shailesh Rastogi. „Impact of Efficiency on Voluntary Disclosure of Non-Banking Financial Company—Microfinance Institutions in India“. Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, Nr. 7 (24.06.2021): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14070289.
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This paper investigates how the financial and social efficiency of firms influence the extent of the voluntary disclosure of Non-Banking Financial Companies–Micro Financial Institutions (NBFC-MFI). The study constructed an unweighted index of voluntary disclosure to estimate the level of voluntary disclosure of all of the included firms from the years 2015–2019. The financial and social efficiency, which is analogous to the technical efficiency of production theory and analyses both sustainability and outreach, respectively, was estimated using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The panel data analysis was completed, and a positive association of financial efficiency was estimated. The social efficiency was found to have no relationship to the voluntary disclosure level. This paper contributed to the literature by providing new determinants of voluntary disclosure. The study examines the econometric model and suggests that financially sustainable firms that utilize these resources well are more open to outsiders, while socially efficient firms are reluctant to voluntary disclosure, which also includes social activities, and consider this as a wasteful activity. The findings of this study are relevant to industry practitioners and regulators, who need to think upon the sustainability of this crucial sector by meeting the dual objectives of financial and social performance. This study is helpful to all stakeholders as well as for the government, who can use the results to design additional rules for the NBFC–MFI. This study will also help firms to design disclosure strategies to ascertain goodwill and less cost of capital, with easy access to funds.
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Roy, Priyanka, und Binoti Patro. „Financial Performance Analysis of NBFC-MFIs in India using TOPSIS and IV-TOPSIS“. International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences 6, Nr. 5 (30.10.2021): 1423–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/ijmems.2021.6.5.086.
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The policymakers around the globe have been emphasizing on financial inclusion in line with sustainable development goals 2030 of the United Nations. Developing countries are still behind in ensuring greater financial inclusion especially for women. While banks are the apex financial institutions in any country, microfinance institutions proved to be promising in advancing financial inclusion because of its better reach to women in remote areas. Thus in a country like India, the outreach and sustainability of microfinance institutions is of utmost importance. This paper aims to rank the performance of microfinance institutions listed by Reserve Bank of India on the basis of their outreach, sustainability, quality and efficiency. The ranking is done separately for five years (2014-15 to 2018-19) using Technique for Order of Preference (TOPSIS) method while overall ranking and benchmarking for five years has been done using interval valued TOPSIS (IV-TOPSIS) method. The robustness of the study has been checked through sensitivity analysis. The overall results portray Satin Creditcare Network Limited as the best performing NBFC-MFI while BWDA Finance Limited as the worst performer for the combined period of 5 years
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Liu, Qi, Dakui Luo, Sanjun Cai, Qingguo Li und Xinxiang Li. „Real-World Implications of Nonbiological Factors with Staging, Prognosis and Clinical Management in Colon Cancer“. Cancers 10, Nr. 8 (08.08.2018): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers10080263.
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Background: The present study analyzed the nonbiological factors (NBFs) together with the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) staging system to generate a refined, risk-adapted stage for the clinical treatment of colon cancer. Methods: Eligible patients (N = 28,818) with colon cancer between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2014, were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression, analyzed the probabilities of cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with colon cancer, with different NBF-TNM stages. Results: Insurance status, marital status, and median household income were significant prognostic NBFs in the current study (p < 0.05). The concordance index of NBF-TNM stage was 0.857 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.8472–0.8668). Multivariate Cox analyses, indicated that NBF1-stage was independently associated with a 50.4% increased risk of cancer-specific mortality in colon cancer (p < 0.001), which increased to 77.1% in non-metastatic colon cancer. NBF0-stage improved in CSS as compared to the NBF1-stage in the respective stages (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The new proposed NBF-stage was an independent prognostic factor in colon cancer. Effect of NBFs on the survival of colon cancer necessitates further clinical attention. Moreover, the incorporation of NBF-stage into the AJCC TNM staging system is essential for prognostic prediction, and clinical guidance of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II and III colon cancer.
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Kukreja, Gagan, Sanjay Gupta und Meena Bhatia. „The Failure of Corporate Governance at Infrastructure Leasing and Financial Services Limited: Lessons Learnt“. South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases 10, Nr. 1 (10.03.2021): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277977921991897.
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This case study investigates multiple issues related to corporate governance, regulations, auditing and financial reporting of Infrastructure Leasing and Financial Services Limited (IL&FS). Combinations of these issues resulted in default in payment obligations by IL&FS in August 2018 originated from the agency problem. It posed a substantial systematic risk to the whole financial system of India. This case study highlights the severe drawback of concentration of decision-making and unprofessional work ethics at the senior management level. Further, the case study also provides the opportunity to discuss the inappropriate regulations and governance practices which cause a severe problem in long-standing and prominent organizations like IL&FS. Research Questions: (a) Discuss the vital role of corporate governance in major corporations and the reasons behind governance failures. (b) How did asset–liability mismatch create liquidity problems in a company which deals with long-term projects? (c) How does lack of a proper and unified regulatory framework for Non-Banking Financial Corporation (NBFC) harm investors’ interest? Link to Theory: This case study provides an opportunity to learn the role of corporate governance in NBFC. This case demonstrates the problems arisen because of agency problem and conflict of interest among real-world stakeholders. The case study also highlights the importance of assets–liabilities management in a strategically important organization like IL&FS. Phenomenon Studied: This case study attempts to understand the potential problems that occurred in IL&FS from the failure of good governance, lack of unified regulations for NBFCs and non-adherence of professional responsibilities by the external auditors. Case Context: The case study explores the vital role of the infrastructure development and financing companies in developing economies like India and how it may affect other vital entities of the financial system. Further, it demonstrates how unethical practices at senior management and lack of unified regulations can harm the organization. Findings: The research study found senior management’s potential involvement in unethical practices while managing the company. The financial statements did not reflect the true and fair picture of the entity, which misled investors and other stakeholders. It created chaos in the stock market, resulting in a loss to shareholders. The government set up a new board to restore the confidence of the stock market. Further, the government started to address the problems that arose. Discussions: The case of IL&FS by default, at first glance, looks like a case of asset–liability mismatch due to the lack of supervisory roles of the board and senior management’s massive regulatory failure. It is shocking how under the nose of regulators like Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) and Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) a default of this scale could take place. How could IL&FS group grow unchecked into a massive 348 entity. It appeared that regulators, marquee shareholders (banks and institutions), and the board of directors failed in their fiduciary obligation to regulate and supervise IL&FS.
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Wang, Hanlei, Kun Zhang, Xuelin Chen, Mei Han, Jing Lu und Yumei Zhang. „In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Antidiabetic Properties and Mechanisms of Ficus tikoua Bur.“ Nutrients 14, Nr. 20 (20.10.2022): 4413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14204413.
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In folk medicine, Ficus tikoua (F. tikoua) has been used to treat diabetes for a long time, but there is a rare modern pharmacological investigation for its antidiabetic effect and mechanisms. Our study aimed to evaluate its hypoglycemic effect using in vitro and in vivo experimental models and then explore the possible mechanisms. In the ethanol extracts and fractions of F. tikoua, n−butanol fraction (NBF) exhibited the most potent effect on inhibiting α-glucosidase activity (IC50 = 0.89 ± 0.04 μg/mL) and promoting glucose uptake in 3T3−L1 adipocytes. Further animal experiments showed that NBF could play an antidiabetic role by ameliorating random blood glucose, fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance, HbA1c level, and islets damage in diabetic mice. Then, the activities of the five subfractions of NBF (NBF1−NBF5) were further evaluated; NBF2 showed stronger α−glucosidase inhibition activities (IC50 = 0.32 ± 0.05 μg/mL) than NBF. Moreover, NBF2 also possessed the ability to promote glucose uptake, which was mediated via P13K/AKT and AMPK pathways. This study demonstrated that F. tikoua possesses antidiabetic efficacy in vitro and in vivo and provided a scientific basis for its folk medicinal use. NBF2 might be potential natural candidate drugs to treat diabetes mellitus. It is the first time the antidiabetic activity and the potential mechanisms of NBF2 were reported.
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Wadhwa, Ritu, und Kartik Ramaswamy. „Impact of NPA on Profitability of Banks“. International Journal of Engineering Technology and Management Sciences 4, Nr. 3 (28.05.2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2020.v04i03.001.
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The main source of growth for Indian Economy is Banks. Everyone has different needs like someone require loan to buy a house, to buy an equipment for farming etc. and these needs are fulfilled by the financial sector of India which comprises of banks, NBFC, cooperative societies etc. NPA (Non-Performing Asset) is a critical factor which has adversely impacted the development and growth of the economy. This research discusses the impact of NPAs on the profits of banks. This research attempts to analyze the impact of few important financial heads on NPAs of banks and to suggest on effective management of NPAs. According to RBI data, five banks (public and private) with highest NPAs were taken for the study for period 2014-2015 to 2018-2019. The research applied correlation analysis to compute the relationship between net profits and NPAs and multiple regression analysis to determine the impact of important financial heads on NPAs.
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Wilkinson, D. J., M. K. Mansoura, P. Y. Watson, L. S. Smit, F. S. Collins und D. C. Dawson. „CFTR: the nucleotide binding folds regulate the accessibility and stability of the activated state.“ Journal of General Physiology 107, Nr. 1 (01.01.1996): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.107.1.103.
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The functional roles of the two nucleotide binding folds, NBF1 and NBF2, in the activation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) were investigated by measuring the rates of activation and deactivation of CFTR Cl- conductance in Xenopus oocytes. Activation of wild-type CFTR in response to application of forskolin and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) was described by a single exponential. Deactivation after washout of the cocktail consisted of two phases: an initial slow phase, described by a latency, and an exponential decline. Rate analysis of CFTR variants bearing analogous mutations in NBF1 and NBF2 permitted us to characterize amino acid substitutions according to their effects on the accessibility and stability of the active state. Access to the active state was very sensitive to substitutions for the invariant glycine (G551) in NBF1, where mutations to alanine (A), serine (S), or aspartic acid (D) reduced the apparent on rate by more than tenfold. The analogous substitutions in NBF2 (G1349) also reduced the on rate, by twofold to 10-fold, but substantially destabilized the active state as well, as judged by increased deactivation rates. In the putative ATP-binding pocket of either NBF, substitution of alanine, glutamine (Q), or arginine (R) for the invariant lysine (K464 or K1250) reduced the on rate similarly, by two- to fourfold. In contrast, these analogous substitutions produced opposite effects on the deactivation rate. NBF1 mutations destabilized the active state, whereas the analogous substitutions in NBF2 stabilized the active state such that activation was prolonged compared with that seen with wild-type CFTR. Substitution of asparagine (N) for a highly conserved aspartic acid (D572) in the ATP-binding pocket of NBF1 dramatically slowed the on rate and destabilized the active state. In contrast, the analogous substitution in NBF2 (D1370N) did not appreciably affect the on rate and markedly stabilized the active state. These results are consistent with a hypothesis for CFTR activation that invokes the binding and hydrolysis of ATP at NBF1 as a crucial step in activation, while at NBF2, ATP binding enhances access to the active state, but the rate of ATP hydrolysis controls the duration of the active state. The relatively slow time courses for activation and deactivation suggest that slow processes modulate ATP-dependent gating.
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Shafi, Muhammed M. K. „Application of Islamic Economic Principles to Indian Financial Sectors: Prospects and Challenges“. International Journal of Management, Innovation & Entrepreneurial Research 1, Nr. 2 (05.11.2015): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/ijmier.2015.122.
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Economic system is the integral part of every social system. Globalized economy introduces three types of economic systems which are private, public, and mixed ownership. Despite people take part of these three systems in major countries, the frequent fi nancial crunches and questioning of reliability on conventional fi nancial system, many countries try to bring an alternative fi nancial system that can consistently work on transparency and accountability in all economic spheres. Islamic economic system is solution of such thinking due to its success and safety operations in all practicing countries.In Gulf Cooperation Council countries, all Islamic banks are performing triumphantly which include 25 banks. Its products and services are based on profi t loss sharing mechanisms which adhere to the principles Islamic shariah. Mudaraba, Musharaka, and Murabaha are the main instruments which are usedmostly in all fi nancial sectors. The present system of commercial banking is based on minimization of risk and maximization of profit. On the contrary, Islamic fi nancing is performed as social fi nancial system so as it is highly attracted by non -Muslim customers also for them that stands as safe and connected to real economy. Even Islamic fi nance is at adolescence stage in its growth in India, its applicability is well subjected overall the Indian fi nancial services such as mutual fund, microfi nance, non-banking financial company (NBFC) based fi nancial system, and venture capital. The recent launching of Cheraman Financial Services Limited and some movements like SBI Shariah mutual funds elevate this study to introduce an alternative system to those people who suffocate in the knot of Interest. India has approximately 175 million Muslims, they are highly to be excluded from access to banking productsand services due to absence interest free fi nancial services.The gap is prevailing by the lack of mediatory functions such as Islamic financial sectors and other investment institutions. The present RBI regulations such as Repo rate, statutory liquidity ratio, and cash reserve ratio, constrain to practicing Islamic banking in India. However, excessive demand and working forms such as NBFC, Non-Government Organization, and Nidhi, show the ways to applying Islamic economic system in the Indian scenario too. So, the presentstudy focuses to fi nd out feasible models for implementing Islamic economic principles and its practical products and services in India.It is an attempt to analyze the prospects, challenges, and drawing solutions to regulatory problems. It also illustrates basic Islamic shariah principles, the Indian financial system with reference shariah based fi nancial services. To do research, exploratory method will be used and data will be collected on secondary basis.
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John, Scott A., James N. Weiss und Bernard Ribalet. „Regulation of Cloned Atp-Sensitive K Channels by Adenine Nucleotides and Sulfonylureas“. Journal of General Physiology 118, Nr. 4 (01.10.2001): 391–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.118.4.391.
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KATP channels, comprised of the pore-forming protein Kir6.x and the sulfonylurea receptor SURx, are regulated in an interdependent manner by adenine nucleotides, PIP2, and sulfonylureas. To gain insight into these interactions, we investigated the effects of mutating positively charged residues in Kir6.2, previously implicated in the response to PIP2, on channel regulation by adenine nucleotides and the sulfonylurea glyburide. Our data show that the Kir6.2 “PIP2-insensitive” mutants R176C and R177C are not reactivated by MgADP after ATP-induced inhibition and are also insensitive to glyburide. These results suggest that R176 and R177 are required for functional coupling to SUR1, which confers MgADP and sulfonylurea sensitivity to the KATP channel. In contrast, the R301C and R314C mutants, which are also “PIP2-insensitive,” remained sensitive to stimulation by MgADP in the absence of ATP and were inhibited by glyburide. Based on these findings, as well as previous data, we propose a model of the KATP channel whereby in the presence of ATP, the R176 and R177 residues on Kir6.2 form a specific site that interacts with NBF1 bound to ATP on SUR1, promoting channel opening by counteracting the inhibition by ATP. This interaction is facilitated by binding of MgADP to NBF2 and blocked by binding of sulfonylureas to SUR1. In the absence of ATP, since KATP channels are not blocked by ATP, they do not require the counteracting effect of NBF1 interacting with R176 and R177 to open. Nevertheless, channels in this state remain activated by MgADP. This effect may be explained by a direct stimulatory interaction of NBF2/MgADP moiety with another region of Kir6.2 (perhaps the NH2 terminus), or by NBF2/MgADP still promoting a weak interaction between NBF1 and Kir6.2 in the absence of ATP. The region delimited by R301 and R314 is not involved in the interaction with NBF1 or NBF2, but confers additional PIP2 sensitivity.
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Li, Xiaotian, Ye Tian, Xiaomiao Wang, Yali Guo und Ke Chu. „SnNb2O6 nanosheets for the electrocatalytic NRR: dual-active-center mechanism of Nb3c and Sn4c–Nb5c dimer“. Sustainable Energy & Fuels 5, Nr. 17 (2021): 4277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1se00919b.
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Mall, Sunita, Tushar R. Panigrahi und Stephina Thomas. „Predicting Financial Solvency of Commercial Borrowers: The Case of Non-Banking Financial Companies“. Accounting and Finance Research 8, Nr. 3 (02.07.2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/afr.v8n3p61.
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Credit risk can be effectively managed by evaluating and predicting the credit worthiness of a customer or a corporate. Credit scores are calculated to assess the credit worthiness. It helps the financial institutes to know the amount and dimensions of risk involved in different credit transactions. Credit scoring helps the financial institutes to decide whether or not to lend. It also helps in deciding the price of a particular exposure, the appropriate credit facility and different risk tools. This research paper focuses on identifying the triggers of credit default. It also focuses on checking and predicting the financial solvency of the borrowers of non-banking financial companies and assigning the credit worthiness to these companies. The data is collected from a Mumbai based NBFC. The data for the study are extracted from balance sheet and profit &loss statement of these companies. The data includes the financial ratio variables for forty companies. Altman's Z-score is used to find credit worthiness and DuPont technique is used to find the main causes of financial distress. The results of this research highlights that the borrowing companies having a lower return on equity (ROE) are prone to be in distress zone. This research would help the financial institutions to identify the most likely defaulter companies and to segment the clients/companies in safe, grey and distressed zones. The results are robust to sub-samples.
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Andreone, Franco, Ferdinando Boero, Marco A. Bologna, Giuseppe M. Carpaneto, Riccardo Castiglia, Spartaco Gippoliti, Bruno Massa und Alessandro Minelli. „Reconnecting research and natural history museums in Italy and the need of a national collection biorepository“. ZooKeys 1104 (08.06.2022): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1104.79823.
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In Italy, differently from other countries, a national museum of natural history is not present. This absence is due, among other reasons, to its historical political fragmentation up to 1870, which led to the establishment of medium-sized museums, mostly managed by local administrations or universities. Moreover, a change of paradigm in biological research, at the beginning of the 20th century, contributed to privilege experimental studies in universities and facilitated the dismissal of descriptive and exploratory biology, which formed the basis of the taxonomic research carried out by natural history museums. Consequently, only a few museums have a provision of curatorial staff, space and material resources adequate to maintain their original mission of discovering the natural world, by conducting a regular research activity accompanied by field campaigns. The creation of a national research centre for the study of biodiversity, facilitating interconnections among the existing natural history museums could be a solution and is here supported, together with a centralised biorepository to host collections and vouchers, to the benefit of current and future taxonomic research and environmental conservation. Such an institution should find place and realisation within the recently proposed National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC) planned within the National Plan of Recovery and Resilience (PNRR). Pending upon the creation of this new national centre, a network among the existing museums should coordinate their activities.
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Lo Brutto, Sabrina, Antonina Badalucco, Rocco Iacovera, Elisabetta Cilli und Maurizio Sarà. „Checklist of the Mammal Collection Preserved at the University of Palermo under the Framework of the National Biodiversity Future Center“. Diversity 15, Nr. 4 (03.04.2023): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15040518.
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The latest reorganization of the Vertebrate collections preserved at the “Pietro Doderlein” Museum of Zoology of the University of Palermo (Italy) has made it possible to draw up a check-list of the Mammal taxa present in the stuffed (M), fluid-preserved (ML) and anatomical (AN) collections. The intervention was planned under the National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC) agenda, focused on the enhancement of Italian natural history museums. The growing interest in museum collections strongly demands databases available to the academic and policy world. In this paper, we record 679 specimens belonging to 157 specific taxa arranged in 58 families and 16 orders. Most of the species (75.1%) come from the Palaearctic Region (southern Mediterranean and North Africa), with a minority of taxa coming from the Afrotropical (7.8%), Neotropical (4.6%), Indo-Malayan (3.4%) and Australasian (1%) regions. Among the 24% of the taxa listed in the IUCN categories as threatened (VU, EN, CR, RE) the specimens of the Sicilian wolf, a regional endemic subspecies that became extinct in the last century, stand out. Even if small (<1000 specimens), the collection of mammals of the Museum of Zoology is an important asset for research on biodiversity in the Mediterranean area, representing an international reference for those wishing to conduct morphological and genetic studies in this area.
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Vishwakarma, Rachana. „Women on Board and its Impact on Performance: Evidence from Microfinance Sector“. Indian Journal of Corporate Governance 10, Nr. 1 (Juni 2017): 58–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974686217701465.
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The board of directors is the most imperative facet of corporate governance for any corporation as it is responsible for approving financial decisions, policy formulation as well as strategic decisions. Consequently, their composition is a solemn issue for the company at all times. Recent years have evidenced a steep amplify in the board diversity by enhancing the representation of women in corporate leadership. Diverse boards with individuals having different background perhaps tends to be more innovative and make better decisions. It could enhance the boards’ functioning, sharpen strength and bring a more diverse perspective. Meanwhile, the participation of women in decision-making is one of the most divergent factors which has been given a push in the form of law with enactment of The Company Act, 2013. Thus, this study mainly illustrates the relevance of women in microfinance and empirically examines the association between participation of women on board and in senior management with the performance of microfinance industry, using a sample of 50 Non-banking Financial Companies–Microfinance Institutions (NBFC–MFIs). It is evident that there is a positive and significant impact of women as board members with the financial performance and of senior management with social performance in context to Indian MFIs. Thus, it is suggested that MFIs should think about the femininity on board and in senior management to improve financial viability and social performance to achieve sustainable growth.
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Dhanda, Upasana, und Monika Sehrawat. „ISLAMIC BANKING IN INDIA: AN ALTERNATIVE BANKING SYSTEM“. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, Nr. 12 (31.12.2015): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i12.2015.2902.
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The Banking system in India and all over the world is based on the interest system. Interest bearing money is almost like the law of nature where money generates money. However, an alternative banking system called Islamic banking which prohibits charging of interest and is based on profit/loss sharing system became popular in many countries. Global Islamic banking assets attained compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 17% from 2009 to 2013 according to the World Islamic Banking Competitiveness Report 2014-2015.
The Indian Banking system has undergone many changes in the recent past with deregulation of banking system paving way for new banks in India. However, Islamic banking which has emerged as a global phenomenon lately has not evolved as a full-fledged system in India though is it operative through the NBFC route. The research paper tries to explain the concept of Islamic banking and discusses the various financial products offered by the Islamic banks. It weighs the various pros and cons of Islamic banking in India. SWOT analysis and Porter’s Five Forces Model are used to provide a thorough analysis of feasibility and scope of Islamic banking in India.
The paper reveals that India has a great potential for Islamic banking provided necessary changes in the regulations and guidelines are made to evolve it has an alternative system of banking. The law makers should view it from an economic point of view rather than a religious view for its successful implementation and for the welfare and upliftment of financially excluded sections of society that do not participate in conventional banking due to their religious beliefs.
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Lu, Natalie T., und Peter L. Pedersen. „Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator: The Purified NBF1+R Protein Interacts with the Purified NBF2 Domain to Form a Stable NBF1+R/NBF2 Complex while Inducing a Conformational Change Transmitted to the C-Terminal Region“. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 375, Nr. 1 (März 2000): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/abbi.1999.1656.
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Kremenetsky, Vyacheslav G., Sergey A. Kuznetsov, Olga V. Kremenetskaya, Veniamin V. Soloviev, Lyudmila A. Chernenko und Anatoliy D. Fofanov. „Ab Initio Estimation of NbF−6 , NbClF2−6 , and NbF2− 7 Complexes Stability in Alkali Chloride Melts“. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 65, Nr. 11 (01.11.2010): 1020–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2010-1112.
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Quantum-chemical calculations of the parameters of the nM+・NbClF2−6 type particles have been performed, where M stands for Na, K, Cs and n = 0 - 6. Under certain conditions such particles may exist in melts of alkali metal chlorides.Within the framework of this approximation, compositions for themost stable particles in molten salts were obtained. Relative stability of the particles containing the NbF−6 , NbClF2−6 , and NbF2−7 complexes has been calculated. Energies and some other characteristics of the electron structure and the particle geometry structure were determined depending on the n and M values. For estimation of the third sphere’s influence, the systems (M2NbF7 +8MCl) and (M2NbF7 +15MCl) are surveyed. The chlorine anion enters the first coordination sphere in the Nasystem only, i. e. in this system the true complex NbClF3−7 is formed.
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Hatano, Yuji, Keita Ishiyama, Hirofumi Homma und Kuniaki Watanabe. „Improvement of high temperature stability of Pd coating on Nb by intermediate layer comprising NbC and Nb2C“. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 446-447 (Oktober 2007): 539–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.01.101.
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Hambrock, Annette, Regina Preisig-Müller, Ulrich Russ, Anke Piehl, Peter J. Hanley, John Ray, Jürgen Daut, Ulrich Quast und Christian Derst. „Four novel splice variants of sulfonylurea receptor 1“. American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 283, Nr. 2 (01.08.2002): C587—C598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00083.2002.
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ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels are composed of pore-forming Kir6.x subunits and regulatory sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) subunits. SURs are ATP-binding cassette proteins with two nucleotide-binding folds (NBFs) and binding sites for sulfonylureas, like glibenclamide, and for channel openers. Here we report the identification and functional characterization of four novel splice forms of guinea pig SUR1. Three splice forms originate from alternative splicing of the region coding for NBF1 and lack exons 17 (SUR1Δ17), 19 (SUR1Δ19), or both (SUR1Δ17Δ19). The fourth (SUR1C) is a COOH-terminal SUR1-fragment formed by exons 31–39 containing the last two transmembrane segments and the COOH terminus of SUR1. RT-PCR analysis showed that these splice forms are expressed in several tissues with strong expression of SUR1C in cardiomyocytes. Confocal microscopy using enhanced green fluorescent protein-tagged SUR or Kir6.x did not provide any evidence for involvement of these splice forms in the mitochondrial KATP channel. Only SUR1 and SUR1Δ17 showed high-affinity binding of glibenclamide ( K d≈ 2 nM in the presence of 1 mM ATP) and formed functional KATPchannels upon coexpression with Kir6.2.
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Rakitov, A. I. „Philosophy and NBIC“. Philosophy of Science and Technology 24, Nr. 2 (2019): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2413-9084-2019-24-2-43-52.
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Tamura, Tomohiko, Satomi Saito, Moriyuki Hamada, Yingqian Kang, Yasutaka Hoshino, Tohru Gonoi, Yuzuru Mikami und Takashi Yaguchi. „Gordonia crocea sp. nov. and Gordonia spumicola sp. nov. isolated from sludge of a wastewater treatment plant“. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, Nr. 6 (01.06.2020): 3718–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004225.
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Two novel actinobacteria, designated NBRC 107696T and NBRC 107697T, were isolated from sludge samples from a wastewater treatment plant and their taxonomic positions were investigated by a polyphasic approach. The cells of the strains were aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile and non-endospore-forming. The strains contained glutamic acid, alanine and meso-diaminopimelic acid in the peptidoglycan. Galactose and arabinose were detected as cell-wall sugars. The predominant menaquinone was identified as MK-9(H2) and the major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C16 : 1ω7c. The DNA G+C contents of NBRC 107696T and NBRC 107697T were 68.07 and 68.99 mol%, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that NBRC 107696T and NBRC 107697T were a clade with members of the genus Gordonia . The highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values were obtained with Gordonia araii IFM 10211T (98.9 %) for NBRC 107697T, and Gordonia malaquae IMMIB WWCC-22T, Gordonia neofelifaecis AD-6T and Gordonia humi CC-12301T (98.1 %) for NBRC 107696T, respectively. The digital DNA–DNA relatedness data coupled with the combination of genotypic and phenotypic data indicated that the two strains are representatives of two novel separate species. The names proposed to accommodate these two strains are Gordonia spumicola sp. nov. and Gordonia crocea sp. nov., and the type strains are NBRC 107696T (=IFM 10067T=TBRC 11239T) and NBRC 107697T (=IFM 10881T=TBRC 11240T), respectively.
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Yoneyama, Tatsuro, Hiroki Takahashi, Aleksandra Grudniewska, Sayaka Ban, Akemi Umeyama und Masaaki Noji. „Ergostane-Type Sterols From Several Cordyceps Strains“. Natural Product Communications 17, Nr. 6 (Juni 2022): 1934578X2211053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x221105363.
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Ergosterol is an essential component for fungi, including entomopathogenic fungi like Cordyceps. Cordyceps has been used as a traditional medicine in Japan and China and possesses various unique ergostane-type sterols, those exhibit bioactivities. In this manuscript, we reported the isolation of 2 new ergostane-type sterols, 1 and 2 along with ten sterols (3-12) from 7 strains of Cordyceps related fungal strains, Cordyceps takaomontana NBRC 101754, Metarhizium owariense NBRC 33258, Polycephalomyces formosus NBRC 109994, Cordyceps tuberculata NBRC 106948, Cordyceps tenuipes NBRC 108997, Cordyceps sp. NBRC 106954, and Tolypocladium paradoxum NBRC 106958 collected fruiting bodies of Ophiocordyceps heteropoda. In addition, the antitrypanosomal activity and antimicrobial activity of isolates were tested to find 6 showed the antitrypanosomal activity, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was confirmed as 1.41 µg/mL. In the antimicrobial assay, the MIC value of 8 against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was determined to be 3.1 µg/mL.
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Zeng, Delu, Lairong Xiao, Shaofu Xu, Huali Yu, Yu Zhang, Chenxu Yu, Xiaojun Zhao, Zhenyang Cai und Wei Li. „Effect of C Addition on the Microstructure and Fracture Properties of In Situ Laminated Nb/Nb5Si3 Composites“. Materials 16, Nr. 16 (15.08.2023): 5637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16165637.
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//Nbss and α-Nb5Si3 phases were detected. Meanwhile, Nb2C was observed, and the crystal forms of Nb5Si3 changed in the C-doped composites. Furthermore, micron-sized and nano-sized Nb2C particles were found in the Nbss layer. The orientation relationship of Nb2C phase and the surrounding Nbss was [001]Nbss//[010]Nb2C, (200) Nbss//(101) Nb2C. Additionally, with the addition of C, the compressive strength of the composites, at 1400 °C, and the fracture toughness increased from 310 MPa and 11.9 MPa·m1/2 to 330 MPa and 14.2 MPa·m1/2, respectively; the addition of C mainly resulted in solid solution strengthening.
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Клименко, Р. В. „Феномен NBIC-конвергенцii“. Гуманітарні студії, Вип. 31 (2018): 32–46.
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Клименко, Р. В. „Феномен NBIC-конвергенцii“. Гуманітарні студії, Вип. 31 (2018): 32–46.
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Alexandre, Laurent. „Liberté, égalité, NBIC“. Les Tribunes de la santé 29, Nr. 4 (2010): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/seve.029.0075.
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CARMICHAEL, JEFF. „THE NBFI REFORMS“. Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy 11, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1992): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-3441.1992.tb00059.x.
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Uzych, Leo. „Bioethics and NBAC“. Nature Biotechnology 14, Nr. 9 (September 1996): 1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0996-1057a.
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Okuda, Yoshihiro, Shugo Mizuno, Taizou Shiraishi, Yasuhiro Murata, Akihiro Tanemura, Yoshinori Azumi, Naohisa Kuriyama et al. „Clinicopathological Factors Affecting Survival and Recurrence after Initial Hepatectomy in Non-B Non-C Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Comparison to Hepatitis B or C Virus“. BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/975380.
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We evaluated clinicopathological factors affecting survival and recurrence after initial hepatectomy in non-B non-C (NBNC) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with comparison to hepatitis B or C virus, paying attention to relationship between alcohol consumption and histopathological findings. The medical records on the 201HCC patients who underwent initial hepatectomy between January 2000 and April 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. NBNC patients had higher prevalence of hypertension (47.4%), diabetes mellitus (35.5%), alcohol consumption (>20 g/day) (61.8%), and preserved liver function than hepatitis B or C patients. The 5-year survival rate of NBNC patients (74.1%) was significantly better than hepatitis B (49.1%) or C (65.0%) patients (NBNC versus B,P=0.031). Among the NBNC patients, there was no relationship between alcohol consumption and clinicopathological findings including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score (NAS). However, the 5-year OS and RFS rates in the alcohol-unrelated NBNC patients tend to be better than in the alcohol-related. By multivariate analysis, independent factors for OS in NBNC patients were Child-Pugh B/C, intrahepatic metastasis (im), and extrahepatic recurrence. NBNC patients, who were highly associated with lifestyle-related disease and preserved liver function, had significantly better prognosis compared to hepatitis B/C patients; however, there was no association between alcohol consumption and histopathological findings.
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Shindo, Kuniaki, Shinya Maekawa, Nobutoshi Komatsu, Akihisa Tatsumi, Mika Miura, Mitsuaki Sato, Yuichiro Suzuki et al. „Semiannual Imaging Surveillance Is Associated with Better Survival in Patients with Non-B, Non-C Hepatocellular Carcinoma“. Mediators of Inflammation 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/687484.
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Since it remains elusive whether and how the imaging surveillance affects the survival in patients with non-B, non-C hepatocellular carcinoma (NBNC-HCC), we conducted this retrospective study which investigated the association between the semiannual surveillance prior to HCC diagnosis and the survival in patients with the initial diagnosis of HCC induced by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections (N=141) and non-B, non-C etiology (N=30). It was demonstrated that surveillance was less frequently performed in the NBNC-HCC patients compared to that in HCC patients with HBV and/or HCV infections (B/C-HCC patients), and the survival was unfavorable in NBNC-HCC patients. On the other hand, the survival of NBNC-HCC patients with semiannual surveillance was significantly favorable than those patients without semiannual surveillance, and the survival was similar between B/C-HCCs and NBNC-HCCs with semiannual surveillance. In conclusion, though NBNC-HCC patients compared to B/C-HCC patients had poorer prognosis overall, these NBNC-HCC patients with semiannual surveillance had a better survival almost equivalent to the survival of B/C-HCC patients with semiannual surveillance, demonstrating the clinical utility of the semiannual imaging surveillance program for NBNC-HCCs.
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Wang, Guixia, Zhuo Yang, Xinyue Nie, Min Wang und Xianming Liu. „A Flexible Supercapacitor Based on Niobium Carbide MXene and Sodium Anthraquinone-2-Sulfonate Composite Electrode“. Micromachines 14, Nr. 8 (28.07.2023): 1515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14081515.
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MXene-based composites have been widely used in electric energy storage device. As a member of MXene, niobium carbide (Nb2C) is a good electrode candidate for energy storage because of its high specific surface area and electronic conductivity. However, a pure Nb2C MXene electrode exhibits limited supercapacitive performance due to its easy stacking. Herein, sodium anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) with high redox reactivity was employed as a tailor to enhance the accessibility of ions and electrolyte and enhance the capacitance performance of Nb2C MXene. The resulting Nb2C–AQS composite had three-dimensional porous layered structures. The supercapacitors (SCs) based on the Nb2C–AQS composite exhibited a considerably higher electrochemical capacitance (36.3 mF cm−2) than the pure Nb2C electrode (16.8 mF cm−2) at a scan rate of 20 mV s−1. The SCs also exhibited excellent flexibility as deduced from the almost unchanged capacitance values after being subjected to bending. A capacitance retention of 99.5% after 600 cycles was observed for the resulting SCs, indicating their good cycling stability. This work proposes a surface modification method for Nb2C MXene and facilitates the development of high-performance SCs.
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Hamada, Moriyuki, Chiyo Shibata, Satomi Saitou, Tomohiko Tamura, Hisayuki Komaki, Natsuko Ichikawa, Akio Oguchi et al. „Proposal of nine novel species of the genus Lysinimicrobium and emended description of the genus Lysinimicrobium“. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 65, Pt_12 (01.12.2015): 4394–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.000587.
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Thirteen novel Gram-stain-positive bacteria were isolated from various samples collected from mangrove forests in Japan, and their taxonomic positions were investigated by a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that the 13 isolates formed a single clade with Lysinimicrobium mangrovi HI08-69T, with a similarity range of 97.6–99.5 %. The peptidoglycan of the isolates was of the A4α type with an interpeptide bridge comprising Ser–Glu and an l-Ser residue at position 1 of the peptide subunit. The predominant menaquinone was demethylmenaquinone DMK-9(H4) and the major fatty acid was anteiso-C15 : 0. These chemotaxonomic characteristics corresponded to those of the genus Lysinimicrobium. On the basis of the phenotypic and phylogenetic data, along with average nucleotide identity values among the isolates, we concluded that the 13 isolates should be assigned to the following nine novel species of the genus Lysinimicrobium: Lysinimicrobium aestuarii sp. nov. (type strain HI12-104T = NBRC 109392T = DSM 28144T), Lysinimicrobium flavum sp. nov. (type strain HI12-45T = NBRC 109391T = DSM 28150T), Lysinimicrobium gelatinilyticum sp. nov. (type strain HI12-44T = NBRC 109390T = DSM 28149T), Lysinimicrobium iriomotense sp. nov. (type strain HI12-143T = NBRC 109399T = DSM 28146T), Lysinimicrobium luteum sp. nov. (type strain HI12-123T = NBRC 109395T = DSM 28147T), Lysinimicrobium pelophilum sp. nov. (type strain HI12-111T = NBRC 109393T = DSM 28148T), Lysinimicrobium rhizosphaerae sp. nov. (type strain HI12-135T = NBRC 109397T = DSM 28152T), Lysinimicrobium soli sp. nov. (type strain HI12-122T = NBRC 109394T = DSM 28151T) and Lysinimicrobium subtropicum sp. nov. (type strain HI12-128T = NBRC 109396T = DSM 28145T). In addition, an emended description of the genus Lysinimicrobium is proposed.
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Vasenkin, Aleksei Vadimovich, und Nina Aleksandrovna Vasil’eva. „WORLDVIEW PROBLEMS OF NBIC TECHNOLOGIES“. Manuscript, Nr. 8 (August 2018): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/manuscript.2018-8.14.
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Tamura, Tomohiko, Kazunori Hatano und Ken-ichiro Suzuki. „Classification of ‘Sarraceniospora aurea’ Furihata et al. 1989 as Actinocorallia aurea sp. nov.“ International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 57, Nr. 9 (01.09.2007): 2052–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.64008-0.
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Phylogenetic analysis of ‘Sarraceniospora aurea’ NBRC 14752 and strain NBRC 15120, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, revealed that these organisms are related to members of the genus Actinocorallia. These organisms contained glutamic acid, alanine and meso-diaminopimelic acid as cell-wall amino acids and the menaquinones MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8). The chemotaxonomic characteristics of the strains were consistent with those of the genus Actinocorallia. However, DNA–DNA hybridization and phenotypic characteristics revealed that the strains differed from the recognized species of the genus Actinocorallia. Therefore, we propose that ‘Sarraceniospora aurea’ NBRC 14752 and strain NBRC 15120 be reclassified in the genus Actinocorallia as a novel species, Actinocorallia aurea sp. nov. (type strain NBRC 14752T=DSM 44434T).
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Layne, Diana M., Lynne S. Nemeth, Martina Mueller und Kenneth A. Wallston. „The Negative Behaviors in Healthcare Survey: Instrument Development and Validation“. Journal of Nursing Measurement 27, Nr. 2 (01.08.2019): 221–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1061-3749.27.2.221.
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Background and PurposeExamine the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Negative Behaviors in Healthcare (NBHC) Survey.MethodsA principal axis factor analysis with varimax rotation was conducted utilizing the 2012 NBHC survey data (n = 1,918) to explore the underlying structure of the NBHC instrument. A confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS 23 (Arbuckle, 2014) was then conducted using the 2014 NBHC survey data (n = 1,479).ResultsInternal consistency reliability was supported for four of the five identified factors, while construct validity for a five factor solution was established with acceptable model fit indices (Goodness of Fit Index [GFI] = 0.98; Relative Fit Index [RFI] = 0.98, Normed Fit Index [NFI] = 0.98, Root Mean Square Residual [RMR] = 0.05).ConclusionsThe NBHC instrument is a valid reliable instrument to assess negative behaviors among interprofessional healthcare team members, adding to a select few available instruments measuring negative behavior among interprofessional healthcare workers.
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Komaki, Hisayuki, Yasuhiro Igarashi und Tomohiko Tamura. „Taxonomic Positions of a Nyuzenamide-Producer and Its Closely Related Strains“. Microorganisms 10, Nr. 2 (02.02.2022): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10020349.
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Streptomyces sp. N11-34 is a producer of bicyclic peptides named nyuzenamides A and B. We elucidated its taxonomic position and surveyed its nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and polyketide synthase (PKS) gene clusters by whole genome analysis. Streptomyces sp. N11-34 showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 99.9% and 99.8% to Streptomyces hygroscopicus NBRC 13472T and Streptomyces demainii NRRL B-1478T, respectively. Although these members formed a clade in a phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, the clade split into two closely related subclades in multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA). One included Streptomyces sp. N11-34, S. demainii NRRL B-1478T, S. hygroscopicus NBRC 100766, S. hygroscopicus NBRC 16556 and S. hygroscopicus TP-A0867 and the other comprised S. hygroscopicus NBRC 13472T and S. hygroscopicus NBRC 12859. These phylogenetic relationships were supported by phylogenomic analysis. Although Streptomyces sp. N11-34 was classified to S. hygroscopicus at the species level based on MLSA evolutionary distances and DNA–DNA relatedness, these distances and relatedness of members between the two subclades were comparatively far (0.004–0.006) and low (75.4–76.4%), respectively. Streptomyces sp. N11-34 possessed six NRPS, seven PKS and four hybrid PKS/NRPS gene clusters in the genome. Among the seventeen, ten were identified to be biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) of nyuzenamide, echoside, coelichelin, geldanamycin, mediomycin, nigericin, azalomycin, spore pigment, alchivemycin and totopotensamide, whereas the remaining seven were orphan in our bioinformatic analysis. All seventeen are conserved in S. hygroscopicus NBRC 100766, S. hygroscopicus NBRC 16556 and S. hygroscopicus TP-A0867. In contrast, S. hygroscopicus NBRC 13472T and S. hygroscopicus NBRC 12859 lacked the BGCs of alchivemycin, totopotensamide, a nonribosomal peptide and a hybrid polyketide/nonribosomal peptide compound. This difference was in a good accordance with the abovementioned phylogenetic relationship. Based on phenotypic differences in addition to phylogenetic relationship, DNA–DNA relatedness and BGCs, strains of S. hygroscopicus should be reclassified to two subspecies: S. hygroscopicus subsp. hygroscopicus and a new subspecies, for which we proposed S. hygroscopicus subsp. sporocinereus subsp. nov. The type strain is NBRC 100766T (=ATCC 43692T = DSM 41460T = INMI 32T = JCM 9093T = NRRL B-16376T = VKM Ac-312T). S. demainii was classified in this subspecies.
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Et. al., Aniket Pundir ,. „A Systematic Review on Non-Performing Assets in Banks in India“. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, Nr. 2 (10.04.2021): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i2.699.
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Lending is a cruttial part of financial sector that is Banks/NBFCs in India. It is main revenue génération business of Bank/NBFCs. Financial Institution i.e. Bank and NBFCs used to borrow funds from the market i.e. from other institution & public and then lend the same again to its clients to gain profits to its owners/investors. There were 27 Public Sector Banks in India (Incl. SBI Associates Banks) before announcement of merger of some Banks by Union Govt. Of India in the year 2019 and there are multiple other Pvt. Sector Banks and NBFCs, co-operative bank and regional rurul bank which we studied in this paper. Lending business of the Banks/NBFCs is facing slowdown in recent years. Non-Performing Assets are increasing day by day which is creating big problem not only to financial sector i.e. Bank/NBFCs but also for other industries. In this paper we will systemtically review the literature/artiles already pubilshed on NPAs in India and to know the main reasons and factor which are resposible for rising NPA in financial institutions and to find out scope of further research on this topic.
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Muramatsu, Yuki, Mai Takahashi, Mika Kaneyasu, Takao Iino, Ken-ichiro Suzuki und Yasuyoshi Nakagawa. „Persicobacter psychrovividus sp. nov., isolated from shellfish, and emended descriptions of the genus Persicobacter and Persicobacter diffluens“. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 60, Nr. 8 (01.08.2010): 1735–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.016113-0.
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The taxonomic position of three bacterial strains, Asr22-19T, NBRC 101035 and NBRC 101041, isolated from shellfish in Japan, was determined by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The strains were facultatively anaerobic, motile by gliding and Gram-staining-negative slender rods. Their major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7 and their predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 0 3-OH, and C16 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 42.0–42.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strains clustered with the genus Persicobacter in the family ‘Flammeovirgaceae’. DNA–DNA relatedness values were higher than 68 % among strains Asr22-19T, NBRC 101035 and NBRC 101041, and were lower than 28 % between strain Asr22-19T and Persicobacter diffluens NBRC 15940T. The three novel strains could be differentiated from Persicobacter diffluens by several phenotypic characteristics. On the basis of these results, the novel species Persicobacter psychrovividus sp. nov. (type strain Asr22-19T=NBRC 101262T=CIP 109100T) is proposed and emended descriptions are given for the genus Persicobacter and for Persicobacter diffluens.