Thematische Bibliographien / Nicotinate

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  1. Zeitschriftenartikel
  2. Dissertationen
  3. Bücher
  4. Buchteile
  5. Konferenzberichte
  6. Berichte der Organisationen

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Nicotinate“

Autor: Grafiati
Veröffentlicht am 4. Juni 2021
Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Nicotinate"

1

&NA;. „Xantinol nicotinate“. Reactions Weekly &NA;, Nr. 1301 (Mai 2010): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201013010-00188.

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Ravikumar, K., G. Y. S. K. Swamy, B. Sridhar und S. Roopa. „Olazipinium nicotinate“. Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 61, Nr. 8 (27.07.2005): o2720—o2723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s160053680502369x.

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Duncan, Kimbell, und Yuichiro Suzuki. „Vitamin E Nicotinate“. Antioxidants 6, Nr. 1 (13.03.2017): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox6010020.

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4

Jennings, D. S., P. B. Brevard, J. A. Flohr und J. W. Gloeckner. „Chromium Nicotinate Supplementation“. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 97, Nr. 9 (September 1997): A65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(97)00541-5.

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Balasubramani, Kasthuri, Packianathan Thomas Muthiah, Gabriele Bocelli und Andrea Cantoni. „Pyrimethaminium nicotinate monohydrate“. Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 63, Nr. 11 (26.10.2007): o4452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536807052397.

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In the title compound, C12H14ClN4 +·C6H4NO2 −·H2O, the pyrimethamine molecule is protonated at one of the pyrimidine N atoms. The protonated N atom and 2-amino group of the cation interact with an adjacent nicotinate anion through a pair of N—H...O hydrogen bonds [graph set R 2 2(8)]. The cation, anion and water molecule form a hydrogen-bonded ring motif with graph-set notation R 4 2(8). The crystal structure is further stabilized by N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds and π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.637 (6) Å].
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Mehl, Ryan A., Cynthia Kinsland und Tadhg P. Begley. „Identification of the Escherichia coliNicotinic Acid Mononucleotide Adenylyltransferase Gene“. Journal of Bacteriology 182, Nr. 15 (01.08.2000): 4372–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.182.15.4372-4374.2000.

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ABSTRACT The gene (ybeN) coding for nicotinate mononucleotide adenylyltransferase, an NAD(P) biosynthetic enzyme, has been identified and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. This enzyme catalyzes the reversible adenylation of nicotinate mononucleotide and shows product inhibition. The rate of adenylation of nicotinate mononucleotide is at least 20 times faster than the rate of adenylation of nicotinamide mononucleotide.
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GOPAL, Elangovan, You-Jun FEI, Seiji MIYAUCHI, Lina ZHUANG, Puttur D. PRASAD und Vadivel GANAPATHY. „Sodium-coupled and electrogenic transport of B-complex vitamin nicotinic acid by slc5a8, a member of the Na/glucose co-transporter gene family“. Biochemical Journal 388, Nr. 1 (10.05.2005): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20041916.

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SMCT (sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter; slc5a8) is a Na+-coupled transporter for lactate, pyruvate and short-chain fatty acids. Similar to these already known substrates of SMCT, the water-soluble B-complex vitamin nicotinic acid also exists as a monocarboxylate anion (nicotinate) under physiological conditions. Therefore we evaluated the ability of SMCT to mediate the uptake of nicotinate. In mammalian cells, the cloned mouse SMCT (slc5a8) induced the uptake of nicotinate. The SMCT-induced uptake was Na+-dependent. The Michaelis constant for the uptake process was 296±88 μM. The Na+-activation kinetics indicated that at least two Na+ ions are involved in the process. Among the various structural analogues tested, nicotinate was the most effective substrate. Nicotinamide and methylnicotinate were not recognized by the transporter. 2-Pyrazine carboxylate and isonicotinate interacted with the transporter to a moderate extent. SMCT-mediated uptake of nicotinate was inhibited by lactate and pyruvate. In the Xenopus laevis oocyte expression system, SMCT-mediated nicotinate transport was electrogenic, as evident from the nicotinate-induced inward currents under voltage-clamp conditions. Substrate-induced currents in this expression system corroborated the substrate specificity determined in the mammalian cell expression system. The kinetic parameters with regard to the affinity of the transporter for nicotinate and the Hill coefficient for Na+ activation, determined by using the oocyte expression system, were also similar to those obtained from the mammalian cell expression system. We conclude that SMCT functions not only as a Na+-coupled transporter for short-chain fatty acids and lactate but also as a Na+-coupled transporter for the water-soluble vitamin nicotinic acid.
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Trunov, Konstantin S., Anton P. Danilenko, Vladimir M. Pokrovsky, Anna A. Peresypkina, Vladislav O. Soldatov, Elena A. Konovalova, Lyudmila M. Danilenko, Tatyana A. Denisuk, Sergey V. Povetkin und Nina I. Zhernakova. „Endothelioprotective Impact of 2-Ethyl-3-Hydroxy-6-Methylpyridine Nicotinate“. Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, Nr. 9 (01.07.2020): 4746–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9372.

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A main issue in pharmacology is the seek for effective agents for the correction of ED. To study the endothelioprotective effects of 2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridinium (2e3h6m) nicotinate under conditions of L-NAME-induced oxidation. The L-NAME pattern of induced oxide efficiency (25 mg/g) for one week was used. The endothelial and cardioprotective effect of 2e3h6m nicotinate at an amount of 3.75 mg/kg compared to picamilon 10 mg/kg was examined via the coefficient of ED (QED) and a number of exercise tests. Nicotinate 2e3h6m and picamilon exerted a pronounced endothelioprotective impact on the pattern of L-NAME-induced NO deficiency, which manifested itself in a decrease in the coefficient of endothelial dysfunction (ED). At the same time, 2e3h6m nicotinate (7.6 mg/kg) was 2.1 times more effective than picamilon (10 mg/kg). So, 2e3h6m nicotinate was produced itself as an endothelio and cardioprotector.
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Ámon, Judit, Rafael Fernández-Martín, Eszter Bokor, Antonietta Cultrone, Joan M. Kelly, Michel Flipphi, Claudio Scazzocchio und Zsuzsanna Hamari. „A eukaryotic nicotinate-inducible gene cluster: convergent evolution in fungi and bacteria“. Open Biology 7, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2017): 170199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.170199.

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Nicotinate degradation has hitherto been elucidated only in bacteria. In the ascomycete Aspergillus nidulans , six loci, hxnS /AN9178 encoding the molybdenum cofactor-containing nicotinate hydroxylase, AN11197 encoding a Cys2/His2 zinc finger regulator HxnR, together with AN11196/ hxnZ , AN11188/ hxnY , AN11189/ hxnP and AN9177/ hxnT , are clustered and stringently co-induced by a nicotinate derivative and subject to nitrogen metabolite repression mediated by the GATA factor AreA. These genes are strictly co-regulated by HxnR. Within the hxnR gene, constitutive mutations map in two discrete regions. Aspergillus nidulans is capable of using nicotinate and its oxidation products 6-hydroxynicotinic acid and 2,5-dihydroxypyridine as sole nitrogen sources in an HxnR-dependent way. HxnS is highly similar to HxA, the canonical xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), and has originated by gene duplication, preceding the origin of the Pezizomycotina. This cluster is conserved with some variations throughout the Aspergillaceae. Our results imply that a fungal pathway has arisen independently from bacterial ones. Significantly, the neo-functionalization of XDH into nicotinate hydroxylase has occurred independently from analogous events in bacteria. This work describes for the first time a gene cluster involved in nicotinate catabolism in a eukaryote and has relevance for the formation and evolution of co-regulated primary metabolic gene clusters and the microbial degradation of N -heterocyclic compounds.
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Zhang, Lili, Jianwei Zheng, Xin Tie, Tong Lin, Wanqi Yang, Ziqing Li, Yong Zou et al. „Pterostilbene and its nicotinate derivative ameliorated vascular endothelial senescence and elicited endothelium-dependent relaxations via activation of sirtuin 1“. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 99, Nr. 9 (September 2021): 900–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2020-0583.

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Vascular endothelial cell senescence is a leading cause of age-associated diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Interventions and therapies targeting endothelial cell senescence and dysfunction would have important clinical implications. This study evaluated the effect of 10 resveratrol analogues, including pterostilbene (Pts) and its derivatives, against endothelial senescence and dysfunction. All the tested compounds at the concentrations from 10−9 M to 10−6 M did not show cytotoxicity in endothelial cells by MTT assay. Among the 10 resveratrol analogues, Pts and Pts nicotinate attenuated the expression of senescence-associated β-galactosidase, downregulated p21 and p53, and increased the production of nitric oxide (NO) in both angiotensin II – and hydrogen peroxide – induced endothelial senescence models. In addition, Pts and Pts nicotinate elicited endothelium-dependent relaxations, which were attenuated in the presence of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) inhibitor L-NAME or sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) inhibitor sirtinol. Pts and Pts nicotinate did not alter SIRT1 expression but enhanced its activity. Both Pts and Pts nicotinate have high binding activities with SIRT1, according to surface plasmon resonance results and the molecular docking analysis. Inhibition of SIRT1 by sirtinol reversed the anti-senescent effects of Pts and Pts nicotinate. Moreover, Pts and Pts nicotinate shared similar ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) profiles and physiochemical properties. This study suggests that the Pts and Pts nicotinate ameliorate vascular endothelial senescence and elicit endothelium-dependent relaxations via activation of SIRT1. These two compounds may be potential drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases related to endothelial senescence and dysfunction.
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Nicotinate"

1

Campbell, K. C. „Novel systems for transdermal drug delivery“. Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368758.

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Ojogun, Vivian Aramide. „EFFECT OF FLUORINATION ON PARTITIONING BEHAVIOR AND BILAYER SELF ASSEMBLY“. UKnowledge, 2010. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/791.

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Fluorinated systems are defined by unique properties that offer advantages in drug delivery, material synthesis and industrial applications. In comparison to their hydrocarbon counterparts, the design of fluorinated solutes for tailored applications is limited by the inability to predict the effect of fluorination on phase behavior. This work examines and interprets the influence of fluorination on the phase behavior of fluorinated solutes and surfactants, with emphasis on their impact on vesicle bilayers. Thermodynamic partitioning of functionalized series of fluorinated and hydrocarbon nicotinate prodrugs fashioned to promote solubility in a fluorocarbon solvent (perfluorooctyl bromide; PFOB) is measured. Predictive approaches are also employed to describe partitioning of these nicotinates between immiscible phases relevant to drug delivery. The findings reveal no strong correlation of the partitioning trends with biological markers of cytotoxicity and prodrug uptake for PFOB mediated delivery. However, partitioning in model membranes (liposomes), which, increases with the hydrophobicity of the perhydrocarbon nicotinates, suggests incorporation in a cellular matrix is chain length dependent. The impact of incorporating fluorinated surfactants in catanionic vesicles, which form spontaneously in dilute aqueous solutions and serve as potential substitutes to conventional meta-stable liposome-based vesicles, is studied. Much larger isotropic vesicle regions are observed in the phase map of the partially fluorinated catanionic surfactant pair, cetylpyridinium bromide/ sodium perfluorooctanoate (CPB/SPFO) than in fully fluorinated HFDPC (1,1,2,2,-tetrahydroperfluorododecyl pyridinium chloride )/SPFO. Fluorescence probing of the vesicle bilayers suggest more fluid bilayers in CPB/SPFO than in HFDPC/SPFO due to better chain packing in the fully fluorinated bilayer. However, the vesicle region is expanded in more asymmetric fluorinated bilayers of HFDPC/SPFH (sodium perfluorohexanoate). The increased chain asymmetry in HFDPC/SPFH results in reduced packing density and more fluid bilayers than in HFDPC/SPFO. The robustness of CPB/SPFO and HFDPC/SPFO vesicles is demonstrated in the synthesis of silica hollow spheres by templating and the retention of encapsulated solutes. Higher colloidal stability of the silica spheres is achieved in HFDPC/SPFO relative to CPB/SPFO due to the barrier effect of the fluorinated bilayer. Similarly, higher solute retention in HFDPC/SPFO is observed. The modulation of phase behavior with fluorination offers opportunities in tunable applications of fluorinated bilayers.
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Karvelis, Laimonas. „Investigation of the Degradation of Carboxypyridines in Bacteria“. Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20121001_092919-52075.

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The main aim of this work was the study of bacteria capable to degrade the pyridine monocarboxylic acids. Achromobacter sp. strain JS18 capable to utilize 3-hydroxypyridine- 2-carboxylic acid was selected by screening of microorganisms hydroxylating the pyridine ring at unusual positions or transforming pyridine derivatives . The strain 5HP consuming 5- hydroxypyridine-2-carboxylic acid as a sole carbon and energy source was isolated from soil. The 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolate belongs to Pusillimonas genus. It was found that picolinic, nicotinic and dipicolinic acids were metabolized via three distinct inducible pathways in Achromobacer sp. JS18. The appropriate biodegradation routes of these acids as well as 3-hydroxypyridine-2-carboxylic acid were was proposed. Nicotinic acid, 5-hydroxypicolinic acid and 3-hydroxypyridine induced three distinct metabolic pathways in Pusillimonas sp. 5HP cells. All pathways had the same intermediate – 2,5-dihydroxypyridine. For the first time 5-hydroxypicolinate 2-monooxygenase, which catalyzed oxidative decarboxylation of 5-hydroxypicolinic acid, was discovered, partially purified and characterized. The analysis of Sinorhizobium sp. L1 cells showed that 3-hydroxypyridine and nicotinic acid were degraded via different metabolic pathways. The Sinorhizobium sp. L1 cells converted 3-hydroxymethylpyridine to nicotinic acid. 3-hydroxypyridine and nicotinic acid induced biosynthesis of distinct isoforms of 2... [to full text]
Šio darbo metu buvo tiriamos bakterijos, galinčios skaidyti piridino monokarboksirūgštis. Netradicinėse vietose hidroksilinančių ir/ar hidroksilintų pikolino ir nikotino rūgščių skaidyme dalyvaujančių mikroorganizmų atranka leido identifikuoti Achromobacter sp. JS18 bakteriją, skaidančią 3-hidroksipiridino-2-karboksirūgštį, ir iš dirvožemio išskirti 5HP kamieną, galintį panaudoti 5-hidroksipiridino-2-karboksirūgštį vieninteliu anglies ir energijos šaltiniu. 16S rRNR geno analizės duomenimis 5HP kamienas priklauso Pusillimonas genčiai. Tai pirmoji žinoma bakterija, galinti skaidyti 5- hidroksipiridino-2-karboksirūgštį. Nustatyta, kad Achromobacter sp. JS18 bakterijose yra indukuojami trys skirtingi piridino monokarboksirūgščių skaidymo keliai. Pasiūlyti pikolino, nikotino, dipikolino rūgščių ir 3-hidroksipiridino-2-karboksirūgšties, skaidymo keliai. Pusillimonas sp. 5HP ląstelėse pirmą kartą aptikta ir dalinai išgryninta 5- hidroksipikolinato 2-monooksigenazė, katalizuojanti 5-hidroksipiridino-2-karboksirūgšties oksidacinį dekarboksilinimą, susidarant 2,5-dihidroksipiridinui. 5HP bakterijose yra indukuojami trys (3-hidroksipiridino, 5-hidroksipikolino ir nikotino rūgščių) skaidymo keliai, susidarant bendram metabolitui – 2,5-dihidroksipiridinui. Tiriant Sinorhizobium sp. L1 ląstel÷s, buvo nustatyta, kad 3-hidroksipiridino ir nikotino rūgšties skaidymas vyksta skirtingais keliais. 3-Hidroksimetilpiridinas L1 ląstelėse yra oksiduojamas iki nikotino rūgties ir skaidymas vyksta... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Karvelis, Laimonas. „Karboksipiridinų degradacijos bakterijose tyrimas“. Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20121001_092930-97592.

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Šio darbo metu buvo tiriamos bakterijos, galinčios skaidyti piridino monokarboksirūgštis. Netradicinėse vietose hidroksilinančių ir/ar hidroksilintų pikolino ir nikotino rūgščių skaidyme dalyvaujančių mikroorganizmų atranka leido identifikuoti Achromobacter sp. JS18 bakteriją, skaidančią 3-hidroksipiridino-2-karboksirūgštį, ir iš dirvožemio išskirti 5HP kamieną, galintį panaudoti 5-hidroksipiridino-2-karboksirūgštį vieninteliu anglies ir energijos šaltiniu. 16S rRNR geno analizės duomenimis 5HP kamienas priklauso Pusillimonas genčiai. Tai pirmoji žinoma bakterija, galinti skaidyti 5- hidroksipiridino-2-karboksirūgštį. Nustatyta, kad Achromobacter sp. JS18 bakterijose yra indukuojami trys skirtingi piridino monokarboksirūgščių skaidymo keliai. Pasiūlyti pikolino, nikotino, dipikolino rūgščių ir 3-hidroksipiridino-2-karboksirūgšties, skaidymo keliai. Pusillimonas sp. 5HP ląstelėse pirmą kartą aptikta ir dalinai išgryninta 5- hidroksipikolinato 2-monooksigenazė, katalizuojanti 5-hidroksipiridino-2-karboksirūgšties oksidacinį dekarboksilinimą, susidarant 2,5-dihidroksipiridinui. 5HP bakterijose yra indukuojami trys (3-hidroksipiridino, 5-hidroksipikolino ir nikotino rūgščių) skaidymo keliai, susidarant bendram metabolitui – 2,5-dihidroksipiridinui. Tiriant Sinorhizobium sp. L1 ląstel÷s, buvo nustatyta, kad 3-hidroksipiridino ir nikotino rūgšties skaidymas vyksta skirtingais keliais. 3-Hidroksimetilpiridinas L1 ląstelėse yra oksiduojamas iki nikotino rūgties ir skaidymas vyksta... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The main aim of this work was the study of bacteria capable to degrade the pyridine monocarboxylic acids. Achromobacter sp. strain JS18 capable to utilize 3-hydroxypyridine- 2-carboxylic acid was selected by screening of microorganisms hydroxylating the pyridine ring at unusual positions or transforming pyridine derivatives . The strain 5HP consuming 5- hydroxypyridine-2-carboxylic acid as a sole carbon and energy source was isolated from soil. The 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolate belongs to Pusillimonas genus. It was found that picolinic, nicotinic and dipicolinic acids were metabolized via three distinct inducible pathways in Achromobacer sp. JS18. The appropriate biodegradation routes of these acids as well as 3-hydroxypyridine-2-carboxylic acid were was proposed. Nicotinic acid, 5-hydroxypicolinic acid and 3-hydroxypyridine induced three distinct metabolic pathways in Pusillimonas sp. 5HP cells. All pathways had the same intermediate – 2,5-dihydroxypyridine. For the first time 5-hydroxypicolinate 2-monooxygenase, which catalyzed oxidative decarboxylation of 5-hydroxypicolinic acid, was discovered, partially purified and characterized. The analysis of Sinorhizobium sp. L1 cells showed that 3-hydroxypyridine and nicotinic acid were degraded via different metabolic pathways. The Sinorhizobium sp. L1 cells converted 3-hydroxymethylpyridine to nicotinic acid. 3-hydroxypyridine and nicotinic acid induced biosynthesis of distinct isoforms of 2... [to full text]
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Issachar, Nathalie. „Contribution à l'étude des peaux sensibles et de leurs principales caractéristiques biophysiques“. Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P634.

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Jamois, Patricia. „Evaluation chez l'homme de l'effet antiinflammatoire de molécules à activité "capteur" de radicaux libres à partir d'un modèle d'inflammation au nicotinate de méthyle par mesure du flux sanguin cutané“. Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P260.

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Munhoz, Egberto [UNESP]. „Administração subcrônica de nicotina modifica as respostas neuroendócrina e neuroquímica induzidas pelo teste de natação forçada“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104039.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O estresse, atualmente, é considerado um fator importante na fisiopatologia de muitos distúrbios psiquiátricos. Embora os efeitos do estresse agudo possam ser contrabalanceados por respostas adaptativas, o estresse intenso, repetido ou prolongado pode eliciar alterações neuronais duradouras que constituirão as bases de doenças psiquiátricas, como a depressão. Levantamentos epidemiológicos também mostram elevada prevalência de tabagistas entre pacientes com depressão maior. Estas altas taxas de comorbidade sugerem uma provável relação causal: pacientes com depressão proeminente procurariam a nicotina para alívio dos sintomas. Assim, este trabalho investigou as alterações neuroquímicas e neuroendócrinas mediadas pela nicotina na resposta de adaptação ao estresse, utilizando-se, para tanto, o teste modificado da natação forçada (TNF). Para tanto, ratos Wistar machos foram submetidos ao TNF (30 cm de água, 24 ± 1ºC) por 15 min e tratados (1, 19 e 23h) com nicotina (NIC: 0,5 mg/kg, sc), imipramina (IMI: 15 mg/kg, ip) ou salina (SAL). Uma hora após a última injeção, os animais foram reexpostos (5 min) à mesma cuba. Imediatamente após o teste, os animais foram sacrificados; o hipocampo dorsal (HD) e ventral (HV), hipotálamo (HT) e os núcleos dorsal (DR) e mediano (MR) da rafe foram coletados por punch para quantificação de 5-HT, 5-HIAA e NA por HPLC e o sangue, para quantificação da corticosterona plasmática por radioimunoensaio. O hipocampo total também foi utilizado para avaliar a expressão do receptor serotoninérgico 5-HT1A e do glicorreceptor (GR) por western blot. Ainda, avaliou-se o efeito da prazosina nas alterações neuroquímicas induzidas pelo TNF. O tratamento subcrônico com NIC e IMI reduziu em 39% e 50%, respectivamente, o parâmetro de imobilidade e aumentou em 52% e 66%, respectivamente, as contagens de escalada, em relação ao grupo...
Stress is considered a key component in the pathophysiology of several psychiatric diseases. Although the effects of acute stress can be counterbalanced by adaptative responses, intense, repeated or prolonged stress can elicit long lasting neuronal alterations that are related to the occurrence of psychiatric disorders, such as depression. Epidemiological studies have also identified a high prevalence of smokers among depressive patients. These observations suggest a causal relationship: smoking is a self-medication effort to alleviate some symptoms of depression by nicotine. Then, this study investigated nicotine mediatedneurochemical and neuroendocrine alterations in the adaptation response to stress. The modified forced swmming test (FST), a protocol originally employed for screnning new antidepressant drugs, was employed. Male Wistar rats were placed individually into a container (30-cm of water, 24±1ºC, 15 min - pretest). Then animals received nicotine (0.5 mg/kg, s.c.), imipramine (15 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline injections at 1, 19 and 23h after the pretest. One hour after the injections, animals were placed in the same container for 5 min. Immediately after, the animals were sacrificed; dorsal (DH) and ventral (VH) hippocampus, hypothalamus (HT) and dorsal (DR) and median (MR) raphe nuclei were collected by punch for measurement of 5-HT, 5-HIAA and NA by HPLC (expressed in ng/mg tissue). Blood samples were collected for determination of plasma corticosterone levels by radioimmunoassay. The whole hippocampus was also used to evaluate the expression of the 5-HT1A serotoninergic receptor and glucocorticoid receptor by western blot. The effects of prazosin in TNF induced-neurochemical alterations was also evaluated. Nicotine and imipramine decreased in 39% and 50%, respectively, the immobility behavior and increased in 52% and 66%, respectively, the climbing scores, in relation to saline... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Moraes, Ricardo Oliveira de [UNESP]. „Influência do laser em baixa intensidade no processo de reparo de de enxerto ósseo autógeno implantado em bloco na mandíbula de ratos modificados sistemicamente com nicotina: estudo histo- morfométrico“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96151.

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Introdução: A nicotina, uma das drogas mais nocivas a saúde, causa, entre outros fatores, morbidade do enxerto ósseo e compromete a cicatrização óssea. Por outro lado, o tratamento com laser em baixa intensidade pode proporcionar efeitos bioestimulantes, aumentando a microcirculação sanguínea da área irradiada e estimulando fibroblastos, promovendo melhores condições de cicatrização. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a influência do laser em baixa intensidade sobre o processo de reparo de enxertos ósseos autógenos em bloco instalados em animais modificados sistemicamente pelos efeitos indesejáveis da nicotina. Materiais e Métodos: Foram utilizados 72 ratos (Wistar) divididos em Grupo A (n=36), subgrupos GI e GII, submetidos à aplicação de nicotina e Grupo B (n=36), subgrupos GIII e GIV, submetidos à aplicação de solução fisiológica. Transcorridos 30 dias das aplicações, todos animais receberam enxerto ósseo autógeno na mandíbula, tendo como área doadora o osso parietal da calvária, sendo que os animais pertencentes aos subgrupos GII e GIV, receberam o tratamento com laser em baixa intensidade na interface enxerto-leito receptor. Os animais de cada grupo foram submetidos à eutanásia aos 7, 14 e 28 dias pós cirurgia de enxerto. Após o processamento laboratorial de rotina foi realizada a análise histomorfométrica, visando analisar qualitativamente e quantitativamente as etapas presentes nesse processo de reparo ósseo. Resultados: A análise histológica revelou que o grupo nicotina apresentou um atraso da atividade osteogênica na interface enxerto-leito receptor, como também menor organização do tecido de granulação em substituição ao coágulo sanguineo. Contudo, a irradiação do tecido com laser em baixa intensidade proporcionou melhor reparo ósseo. Histometricamente, os subgrupos submetidos à irradiação laser...
Background: The nicotine is one of the mostly drugs more harmful to the health cause, among other factors, morbidity of bone graft and compromises bone healing. Furthermore, treatment with low level laser can provide biostimulation effects, increasing the blood microcirculation in the irradiated area and stimulating fibroblasts promoting better healing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of low level laser therapy on the healing process of autogenous bone grafts installed in block in systemic modificated animals by undesirable effects of nicotine. Methods: Were used 72 rats (Wistar) divided into Group A (n = 36) subgroups GI and GII, submitted to the application of nicotine and Group B (n = 36) subgroups GIII and GIV, submitted to the application of saline solution. After 30 days of applications, all animals received autogenous bone block graft stabilized on mandible, with the parietal bone donor area of the skull, and the animals belonging to subgroups GII and GIV received treatment with low level laser in the bed-graft interface. The animals in each group were euthanized at 7, 14 and 28 days after bone graft surgery. After routine processing was performed histomorphometric analysis in order to analyze qualitatively and quantitatively the timing sequence of bone repair. Results: The histological analysis revealed that the nicotine group showed a delay of osteogenic activity in the bed-graft interface, as well as decreased organization of granulation tissue replacing the blood clot. However, the low level laser irradiation showed better bone healing. Histometrically, the laser subgroups (GII and GIV) demonstrated greater bone formation compared with the respective subgroups (GI and GIII), with significantly statistically results (P˂0) at 14 days (GI 14,27% ± 2,22% versus GII 24,37% ± 11,93% and GIII 24,94% ± 13,06% versus ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Munhoz, Egberto. „Administração subcrônica de nicotina modifica as respostas neuroendócrina e neuroquímica induzidas pelo teste de natação forçada /“. São Carlos, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104039.

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Orientador: Cleopatra da Silva Planeta
Banca: Azair Liane Matos do Canto de Souza
Banca: Carlos César Crestani
Banca: Mirtes Costa
Banca: Marcelo Tadeu Marin
Resumo: O estresse, atualmente, é considerado um fator importante na fisiopatologia de muitos distúrbios psiquiátricos. Embora os efeitos do estresse agudo possam ser contrabalanceados por respostas adaptativas, o estresse intenso, repetido ou prolongado pode eliciar alterações neuronais duradouras que constituirão as bases de doenças psiquiátricas, como a depressão. Levantamentos epidemiológicos também mostram elevada prevalência de tabagistas entre pacientes com depressão maior. Estas altas taxas de comorbidade sugerem uma provável relação causal: pacientes com depressão proeminente procurariam a nicotina para alívio dos sintomas. Assim, este trabalho investigou as alterações neuroquímicas e neuroendócrinas mediadas pela nicotina na resposta de adaptação ao estresse, utilizando-se, para tanto, o teste modificado da natação forçada (TNF). Para tanto, ratos Wistar machos foram submetidos ao TNF (30 cm de água, 24 ± 1ºC) por 15 min e tratados (1, 19 e 23h) com nicotina (NIC: 0,5 mg/kg, sc), imipramina (IMI: 15 mg/kg, ip) ou salina (SAL). Uma hora após a última injeção, os animais foram reexpostos (5 min) à mesma cuba. Imediatamente após o teste, os animais foram sacrificados; o hipocampo dorsal (HD) e ventral (HV), hipotálamo (HT) e os núcleos dorsal (DR) e mediano (MR) da rafe foram coletados por punch para quantificação de 5-HT, 5-HIAA e NA por HPLC e o sangue, para quantificação da corticosterona plasmática por radioimunoensaio. O hipocampo total também foi utilizado para avaliar a expressão do receptor serotoninérgico 5-HT1A e do glicorreceptor (GR) por western blot. Ainda, avaliou-se o efeito da prazosina nas alterações neuroquímicas induzidas pelo TNF. O tratamento subcrônico com NIC e IMI reduziu em 39% e 50%, respectivamente, o parâmetro de imobilidade e aumentou em 52% e 66%, respectivamente, as contagens de escalada, em relação ao grupo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Stress is considered a key component in the pathophysiology of several psychiatric diseases. Although the effects of acute stress can be counterbalanced by adaptative responses, intense, repeated or prolonged stress can elicit long lasting neuronal alterations that are related to the occurrence of psychiatric disorders, such as depression. Epidemiological studies have also identified a high prevalence of smokers among depressive patients. These observations suggest a causal relationship: smoking is a self-medication effort to alleviate some symptoms of depression by nicotine. Then, this study investigated nicotine mediatedneurochemical and neuroendocrine alterations in the adaptation response to stress. The modified forced swmming test (FST), a protocol originally employed for screnning new antidepressant drugs, was employed. Male Wistar rats were placed individually into a container (30-cm of water, 24±1ºC, 15 min - pretest). Then animals received nicotine (0.5 mg/kg, s.c.), imipramine (15 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline injections at 1, 19 and 23h after the pretest. One hour after the injections, animals were placed in the same container for 5 min. Immediately after, the animals were sacrificed; dorsal (DH) and ventral (VH) hippocampus, hypothalamus (HT) and dorsal (DR) and median (MR) raphe nuclei were collected by punch for measurement of 5-HT, 5-HIAA and NA by HPLC (expressed in ng/mg tissue). Blood samples were collected for determination of plasma corticosterone levels by radioimmunoassay. The whole hippocampus was also used to evaluate the expression of the 5-HT1A serotoninergic receptor and glucocorticoid receptor by western blot. The effects of prazosin in TNF induced-neurochemical alterations was also evaluated. Nicotine and imipramine decreased in 39% and 50%, respectively, the immobility behavior and increased in 52% and 66%, respectively, the climbing scores, in relation to saline... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Matheus, Henrique Rinaldi. „Avaliação da influência da quimioterapia com cisplatina ou 5-fluorouracil sobre o processo de reparo ósseo em implantes osseointegrados instalados em tíbias de ratos expostos ou não à nicotina /“. Araçatuba, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/180853.

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Orientador: Juliano Milanezi de Almeida
Banca: Edilson Ervolino
Banca: Estevam Augusto Bonfante
Resumo: Objetivo: avaliar a influência da nicotina e dos agentes antineoplásicos Cisplatina (CIS) e 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) sobre os tecidos peri-implantares, bem como os efeitos desses agentes antineoplásicos sobre os tecidos peri-implantares em animais previamente expostos à nicotina. Material e métodos: 180 ratos machos (Wistar) foram randomizados para dois grandes grupos (n=90), NIC e SS, em seguida, para três subgrupos (n=30) de acordo com os agentes antineoplásicos. Receberam 0,5ml de solução de cloreto de sódio 0,9% (SS) ou 3 mg/kg de hemissulfato de nicotina (NIC), de acordo com cada grupo, 30 dias antes e 30 dias após a cirurgia. No dia 0, todos os animais receberam os implantes de titânio (DSP Biomedical®, 4 mm x 2,2 mm) nas tíbias direita e esquerda. Aos 30 dias após a cirurgia, as aplicações de SS e NIC foram interrompidas por 5 dias e, aos 35 e 37 dias, foram administrados os agentes antineoplásicos CIS, 5-FU ou 0,5 ml de SS, via intraperitoneal, respeitando intervalo de 48 h entre as aplicações. Para CIS, 5 mg/kg e 2,5 mg/kg, e para 5-FU, 60 mg/kg e 40 mg/kg, respetivamente. SS-SS: receberam SS via subcutânea e intraperitoneal. SS-CIS: receberam SS via subcutânea e CIS via intraperitoneal. SS-5FU: receberam SS via subcutânea e 5-FU via intraperitoneal. NIC-SS: receberam NIC via subcutânea e SS via intraperitoneal. NIC-CIS: receberam NIC via subcutânea e CIS via intraperitoneal. NIC-5FU: receberam NIC via subcutânea e 5-FU via intraperitoneal. Dez animais por grupo/período... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Objective: to evaluate the influence of nicotine and the antineoplastic agents Cisplatin (CIS) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) over the peri-implant tissues, as well as the effects of these agents over peri-implant tissues in animals previously exposed to nicotine. Material and Methods: 180 male rats (Wistar) were initially randomized to two groups (n=90), NIC and SS. Then, to three subgroups (n=30) according to the protocol of antineoplastic agents. Received 0.5 ml of sodium chloride 0.9% (SS) or 3 mg/kg of nicotine hemissulfate (NIC) according to each group, subcutaneously, 30 days before and after surgical procedure for implants placement. At day 0, all animals received the titanium implants (DSP Biomedical®, 4 mm x 2.2 mm) in both right and left tibiae. At 30 days after surgery SS and NIC was interrupted, and at 35 and 37 days were intraperitoneally administered the antineoplastic agents CIS, 5FU or 0.5 ml SS, with 48 h interval between applications. For CIS, 5 mg/kg and 2,5 mg/kg, and 5-FU, 60 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg, respectively. SS-SS: received SS subcutaneously and intraperitoneally. SS-CIS: received SS subcutaneously and CIS intraperitoneally. SS-5FU: received SS subcutaneously and 5-FU intraperitoneally. NIC-SS: received NIC subcutaneously and SS intraperitoneally. NIC-CIS: received NIC subcutaneously and CIS intraperitoneally. NIC-5FU: received NIC subcutaneously and 5-FU intraperitoneally. Ten animals per group and period were euthanized at 50, 65 and 95 days after implants placement. The collected specimens were fixed in buffered formaldehyde solution 4% for 48h and assigned to ground section processing for analysis of bone/implant contact (BIC), or conventional histologic processing with demineralization and paraffin embedding for histometric analysis of percentage of newly-formed bone (PNFB) (Complete abstract electronic access below)
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Bücher zum Thema "Nicotinate"

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Wagner, Heather Lehr. Nicotine. Herausgegeben von Triggle D. J. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2003.

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Price, Sean. Nicotine. New York: Chelsea House, 2008.

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Nicotine. Springfield, N.J: Enslow, 1995.

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Hofmann, F. B. Nicotine Psychopharmacology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009.

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Nicotine=Busted! Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow Publishers, 2006.

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Nicotine & cigarettes. Philadelphia, PA: Chelsea House Publishers, 2000.

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Yann. Nicotine goudron. Paris: L'Echo des savanes, 1990.

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DeAngelis, Gina. Nicotine & cigarettes. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2000.

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Henningfield, Jack E., Edythe D. London und Sakire Pogun, Hrsg. Nicotine Psychopharmacology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69248-5.

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Price, Lee Mary, Hrsg. Caffeine and nicotine. New York: Rosen Pub. Group, 1994.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Nicotinate"

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. „Ethyl Nicotinate“. In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 194. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_3782.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. „Hexyl Nicotinate“. In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 257. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_4741.

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Schomburg, Dietmar, und Dörte Stephan. „Nicotinate glucosyltransferase“. In Enzyme Handbook 12, 885–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61117-9_196.

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Schomburg, Dietmar, und Dörte Stephan. „Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase“. In Enzyme Handbook 12, 997–1001. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61117-9_217.

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Schomburg, D., M. Salzmann und D. Stephan. „Nicotinate dehydrogenase“. In Enzyme Handbook 7, 67–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78521-4_10.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. „Methyl Nicotinate“. In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 353. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_6542.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. „Tocopheryl Nicotinate“. In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 559. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_10582.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. „Benzyl Nicotinate“. In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_1104.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. „Butoxyethyl Nicotinate“. In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_1404.

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Schomburg, Dietmar, und Dörte Stephan. „Nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase“. In Enzyme Handbook, 557–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59025-2_101.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Nicotinate"

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Pereira, Marco A., Alberto Boffi und Andrew Ridsdale. „Ultrafast geminate recombination and vibrational relaxation processes in ferrous nicotinate myoglobin“. In Optoelectronics and High-Power Lasers & Applications, herausgegeben von Norbert F. Scherer und Janice M. Hicks. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.306114.

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Kang, KR, G. Sim, JH Kang und YT Ju. „PO-166 The expression of nicotinate nucleotide pyrophosphorylase is elevated in colorectal cancer tissues“. In Abstracts of the 25th Biennial Congress of the European Association for Cancer Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 30 June – 3 July 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.688.

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Hollanders, Karlijn, Charlène Gadais, Evelien Renders, Laurent Van Raemdonck, Clarence Wybon, Bert Maes und Steven Ballet. „Zn-catalyzed tert-butyl nicotinate-directedamide cleavage for applications in peptide synthesis and peptidomimetic design“. In 35th European Peptide Symposium. Prompt Scientific Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17952/35eps.2018.072.

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Kim, Younghwan, Jason Young, David C. Robinson, Greg Jones, Mano Misra und Swomitra K. Mohanty. „Titanium dioxide nanotube based sensing platform for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis volatile biomarkers methyl nicotinate and p-anisate“. In 2015 2nd International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispts.2015.7220138.

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Kim, Younghwan, Jason Young, David C. Robinson, Greg Jones, Mano Misra und Swomitra K. Mohanty. „Titanium dioxide nanotube based sensing platform for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis volatile biomarkers methyl nicotinate and p-anisate“. In 2015 2nd International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispts.2015.7220147.

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Hans, Hesketh, Mila Citrawati und Citra Ayu Aprilia. „The Effect of Electric Cigarette Nicotine Levels on Peak Expiratory Flow in Vape User Communities, South Jakarta“. In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.14.

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Background: Electronic Cigarette is one form of many nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) that uses energy from battery to deliver nicotine in gas form and by World Health Organization (WHO) defined as Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS). This study aimed to investigated the effect of electronic cigarette’s nicotine dosage on the peak expiratory flow (PEF). Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at VH Community-South Jakarta from February to march 2018. A Sample of 72 vapers was selected by consecutive sampling. It was divided into 3 groups: vapers who used 3 mg, 6 mg, and 12 mg nicotine dosage. The inclusion criteria were electric smokers healthy participants aged 19-24 years, normal body mass index, moderate physical activity, and only used e-cigarettes for more than 12 months. The exclusion criteria were the respondent had a history of respiratory disease. The dependent variable was peak expiratory flow (PEF). The independent variable was the nicotine dosage which obtained in electronic cigarette’s liquid. The research instrument used by Peak Flow Meter (PFM). The data was analyzed by Chi-square. Results: Chi-Square analysis showed the effect of electronic cigarette’s nicotine dosages to PEF (OR= 7.2; p< 0.001). Conclusion: The result showed that nicotine dosage which obtained in electronic cigarette’s liquid had effects with PEF. Therefore, each nicotine dosage has different effects to respiratory health. Because nicotine increases endothelial permeability, inhibits cell endothelial proliferation, and caused goblet cell metaplasia. Keyword: Electronic Cigarette, Nicotine, Peak Expiratory Flow Correspondence: Mila Citrawati. Departemen Fisiologi, FK UPN “Veteran” Jakarta. Jl. RS Fatmawati, Pondok Labu, South Jakarta 12450. E-mail: milacitrawati@upnvj.ac.id. Mobile: (021) 7656971. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.14
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BOUTHERIN-FALSON, O., und N. BLAES. „EFFECT OF NICOTINE ON HUMAN UMBILICAL VEIN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS IN CULTURE : PROSTACYCLIN PRODUCTION AND PROLIFERATION STUDIES“. In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643378.

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Clinical observations and results from animal studies indicate that nicotine may play a role in vascular disorders related to smoking. It has been reported that nicotine could alter vascular prostacyclin (PGI2) production and increase the number of circulating endothelial cells. In the present study, the direct effect of nicotine on endothelial cells in culture was investigated : Both PGI2 production and proliferative abilities were studied.PGI2 production studies : human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were grown in 4 days to confluency in control medium (RPM/199 1:1 + 20% fetal calf serum). At the beginning of the experiments, medium was replaced by tyrode Hepes buffer added or not with nicotine at different concentrations (0.05,0.5, 5, 50 or 200 ug/ml). Basal production of PGI2, assessed after 20 minutes, was significantly increased by 0.5 ug/ml nicotine (223% of control) ; subsequently thrombin (1 U/ml) stimulated release was measured after 5 minutes, it was dose dependently decreased by nicotine. Thus, at least in basal conditions, nicotine treatment of HUVEC alone in culture did not permit us to reproduce the inhibitory effects described on models involving smooth muscle cells in addition to the endothelial cells. Otherwise, nicotine could interfere with stimulating agents such as thrombin. Investigations on the effect of these agents in combination are currently in progressProliferation studies : Cells were grown in nicotine or control medium. Proliferation ability, estimated by the increase in cell number at daily interval was slighly increased in cultures receiving 0.05 ug/ml nicotine (110.4% of control). This tendancy was confirmed by 3H Thymidine incorporation (+41%). On the contrary a decrease in cell density was observed for the highest concentrations, from 50 ug/ml. This later effect did not seem to be related to any cytotoxicity or cell detachment. Thus, endothelial cells appeared to be highly responsive to nicotine in their PGI2 production while their growth characteristics were rather resistant to nicotine treatment.
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Fitzke, Reagan, Jordan Davis und Eric Pedersen. „Co-use of Tobacco/Nicotine and Cannabis Among Veterans: A Preliminary Investigation of Prevalence and Associations with Mental Health Outcomes“. In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.10.

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While tobacco and cannabis use rates remain high in the general U.S. population, veterans from the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan (i.e., OEF/OIF veterans) are at particularly high risk of high rates of cannabis and tobacco use. Co-use of tobacco/nicotine and cannabis (i.e., using both substances within a specified period of time or combining the drugs within the same device for use) is of growing prevalence in the United States. Tobacco/nicotine and cannabis use is often associated with poor mental health outcomes such as stress, anxiety, and depression. However, little is understood about the prevalence rates of tobacco/nicotine and cannabis co-use among U.S. veterans as well as associations with mental health symptomology. The current study aimed to investigate types of tobacco/nicotine and cannabis co-use among veterans, as well as associations between co-use and mental health outcomes of stress, depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Participants (N= 1,548) were recruited through social media websites and completed an online survey as part of a larger study. The majority (80%) endorsed tobacco/nicotine and/or cannabis use in the past 30 days. Descriptive analyses were run to assess prevalence of use within the sample. Mean comparisons were conducted to assess differences in past 30-day frequency of use and for mental health outcomes between co-users and single users of either substance. Among the larger sample, 90% endorsed lifetime use of tobacco/nicotine, 23% endorsed lifetime use of cannabis, and 21% endorsed any lifetime co-use of both substances. These participants also endorsed past 30 day use of tobacco/nicotine (77%), cannabis (10%), and co-use (7%). Among the past 30-day cannabis users, 66% reported also using tobacco/nicotine, while 9% of past 30-day tobacco/nicotine users also reported cannabis use. When comparing cannabis-only users to co-users of cannabis and tobacco/nicotine, anxiety symptoms were reported as significantly higher among co-users. Tobacco/nicotine-only users endorsed higher past 30-day frequency of cigarettes and e-cigarettes compared to co-users; however, co-users endorsed significantly higher levels of stress and symptoms of PTSD, depression, and anxiety compared to tobacco/nicotine-only users. Results suggest that the addition of cannabis use in conjunction with tobacco/nicotine use may be associated with greater mental health symptoms among veterans. Findings have implications for future veteran mental health care and substance use treatment among tobacco/nicotine and cannabis co-users.
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Zobena, Aija. „Student Tobacco Use Behaviours: A Qualitative Study of Alternative Tobacco and Nicotine Product Use in Young Adulthood“. In 14th International Scientific Conference "Rural Environment. Education. Personality. (REEP)". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Engineering. Institute of Education and Home Economics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/reep.2021.14.043.

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Non-combustible alternative tobacco products such as tobacco-free nicotine pouches, heated tobacco, and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) marketed as less harmful alternatives to cigarettes as smoking cessation aids are becoming increasingly popular among adolescents and young adults. This age group includes individuals still experimenting with and establishing tobacco use. The aim of the study is to investigate student tobacco use behaviours, particularly novel devices, and alternative products to understand how to decrease tobacco initiation and use among adolescents and young adults. In August 2020, two focus group discussions were organized to obtain information on young people's experience of alternative tobacco and nicotine product use. In each of them, high school students (aged over 18) and students took part. The participants of the focus group discussion were chosen by the “snowball” method. Cessation of smoking and replacing cigarettes with alternative tobacco and nicotine products reduce some of the harmful effects but are not harmless and nicotine addiction remains. By replacing cigarette smoking with the use of tobacco-free nicotine pouches, heated tobacco, or e-cigarettes, one form of nicotine use is being replaced by another. According to the study, young people have no understanding of nicotine addiction and the health risks of using alternative tobacco products. Today's adolescents and young adults often see consumption of tobacco and nicotine products as a mean to construct and project their unique identity.
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10

Girdhar, Gaurav, Sulan Xu, Jolyon Jesty und Danny Bluestein. „E-Selectin Expression on Endothelial Cells in the Presence of Platelets and Cigarette Smoke Extract“. In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192154.

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Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for development of cardiovascular (CV) disease [1], with increased platelet activation due to cigarette smoke involving a major part of this risk.[2] We have shown that this smoke-induced platelet activation is largely due to the non-nicotine smoke components and their effects can be effectively modulated in the presence of nicotine.[3] However, the effects of nicotine and non-nicotine cigarette smoke components need to be confirmed more physiologically in the presence of endothelial cells (ECs). Prior in-vitro studies have shown that high concentrations of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) increase adhesion molecule expression on ECs.[4] These studies however preclude the involvement of physiological shear stresses and are performed on ECs alone. To overcome these limitations and investigate ECs-platelets together in one system under shear stress, we use a hemodynamic shear device (HSD) that combines features of the cone and plate, and the annular Couette viscometer (to facilitate platelet sampling). We test the following hypotheses — (1) smoke-activated platelets and the nicotine-free extract would confer a synergistic E-selectin expression on ECs, and (2) in contrast to conventional cigarette extracts, nicotine-free smoke extracts would increase platelet activation more significantly, and that this effect may be independent of the presence of ECs.
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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Nicotinate"

1

Lillard, Dean. The Economics of Nicotine Consumption. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, März 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26912.

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2

Tauras, John, und Frank Chaloupka. The Demand for Nicotine Replacement Therapies. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, Juni 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8332.

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3

Carlezon, Jr, und William A. Nicotine Effects on the Impact of Stress. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada612315.

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4

Carlezon, Jr, und William A. Nicotine effects on the impact of stress. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada591378.

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5

Carlezon, Jr, und William A. Nicotine Effects on the Impact of Stress. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada624296.

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6

Roman, Jesse. Prenatal Exposure to Nicotine and Childhood Asthma: Role of Nicotine Acetylcholine Receptors, Neuropeptides, and Fibronectin Expression in Lung. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Dezember 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada452269.

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7

Roman, Jesse. Prenatal Exposure to Nicotine and Childhood Asthma: Role of Nicotine Acetylcholine Receptors, Neuropeptides and Fibronectin Expression in Lung. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Dezember 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada508588.

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8

Apatov, Nathaniel M. Nicotine-Induced Antinociception in Male and Female Sprague-Dawley Rats. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Juni 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1012097.

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9

Saffer, Henry, Melanie Wakefield und Yvonne Terry-McElrath. The Effect of Nicotine Replacement Therapy Advertising on Youth Smoking. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, März 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w12964.

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10

Ellerbeck, Edward, Kimber Richter, Nicole Nollen und Milind Phadnis. Smoking Cessation Versus Long-Term Nicotine Replacement among High-Risk Smokers. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), Dezember 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/12.2018.ad.130603104.

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