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Djordjević, Saša, und Bojan Dobovšek. „Organised crime in Western Balkans Six at the onset of coronavirus“. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 40, Nr. 9/10 (30.09.2020): 807–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-06-2020-0229.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) into crime-fighting and present new criminal landscapes in the Western Balkans Six (WB6) (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia) at the beginning of the pandemic crisis.Design/methodology/approachThe paper builds on the content analysis of legal acts, strategic documents, academic articles, media reporting, official documents, four semi-structured interviews with civil society organisations, two consultations with police officers and two consultations with civil society organisations.FindingsIn the first nine weeks of the spread of COVID-19, the WB6 experienced a small rise in the price of marijuana. The same applied to stimulant drugs like ecstasy and amphetamines. However, very little heroin was available. Prices of protective face masks, disinfectants and medicinal alcohol skyrocketed due to attempts at price gouging. There were cases of scams using mobile and digital technologies, as well as burglaries of newspaper or cigarette kiosks, shops, pharmacies and exchange offices. It was difficult to determine whether the smuggling of and trafficking in human beings experienced a decline or increase. No cases of sexual exploitation for providing online services were noted, although the number of calls made to organisations that assist in the area of human trafficking increased. People with drug and alcohol problems, persons living with HIV, those susceptible to stress, citizens with mental health problems, pensioners, the poor, the homeless and recently released prisoners were the biggest potential victims of crime at the onset of the crisis brought by the pandemic.Research limitations/implicationsThe research findings are limited to specific forms of crime (illicit drug trade, economic crime, fraud, scams, theft, smuggling of and trafficking in human beings) in the WB6 and based on findings from four interviews and four consultations, together with available secondary data.Originality/valueThis is the first overview of criminal activities occurring in the WB6 during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis.
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Muraszkiewicz, Julia, Hayley Watson, Kush Wadhwa und Paul De Hert. „Trafficking in Human Beings as an Enterprise: Highlighting Key Questions About Data Shortage on the Business Side“. Slavery Today Journal 2, Nr. 1 (Januar 2015): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22150/stj/sufl6663.
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Researchers and policymakers face a shortage of data on the business side of human trafficking. This inevitably leads to problems when trying to combat this crime. Questions such as: who is involved in trafficking, how do they operate, what is their relationship with organised crime groups (or other traffickers and third parties) remain unanswered. The purpose of this article is to harvest the knowledge on what we know about trafficking as a criminal enterprise and, in turn, encourage further research. The article also aims to show that the challenges encountered by researchers.
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Twigt, Mirjam, und Dafni Mangalousi. „Editorial: Connecting (Forced) Migration and Media Studies“. for(e)dialogue 2, Nr. 1 (29.06.2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/for(e)dialogue.v2i1.2803.
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This Special Issue on (Forced) Migration and Media is the result of two workshops organised at the University of Leicester: a workshop on (Forced) Migration and Media-research that took place on the 13th of June 2016 and a Community Impact event that was organised on the 18th of July, 2016. These workshops were a response to the topical interest for refugees’ access to digital technology and the dehumanizing language used in, especially but not limited to British, media regarding migrants and/or refugees (Berry, Garcia-Blanco, & Moore, 2015). (Forced) was purposefully bracketed as the label ‘refugee’ has its own difficulties. The differentiation between economic and forced migrants for instance negates that reasons behind migration are often multi-causal and multi-layered. It reinforces thinking in dichotomies that homogenizes and tends to negate in-between complexities, as is often appropriated as a governing tool to victimize, exclude and curtail the rights of human beings (Crawley & Skleparis, 2017; Lindley, 2010; Zetter, 2007). In this editorial, we reflect upon the main outcomes of the workshop we and other PhD-colleagues organised on the 13th of June, 2016, and connect them to the articles within this Special Issue.
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Authors, All. „Volume 2, Issue 1: Special Issue (Forced) Immigration and Media“. for(e)dialogue 2, Nr. 1 (29.06.2018): 1–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/for(e)dialogue.v2i1.2804.
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This PDF includes the editorial and all the articles published in this Special Issue on (Forced) Migration and Media. This issue is the result of two workshops organised at the University of Leicester: a workshop on (Forced) Migration and Media-research that took place on the 13th of June 2016 and a Community Impact event that was organised on the 18th of July, 2016. These workshops were a response to the topical interest for refugees’ access to digital technology and the dehumanizing language used in, especially but not limited to British, media regarding migrants and/or refugees (Berry, Garcia-Blanco, & Moore, 2015). (Forced) was purposefully bracketed as the label ‘refugee’ has its own difficulties. The differentiation between economic and forced migrants for instance negates that reasons behind migration are often multi-causal and multi-layered. It reinforces thinking in dichotomies that homogenizes and tends to negate in-between complexities, as is often appropriated as a governing tool to victimize, exclude and curtail the rights of human beings (Crawley & Skleparis, 2017; Lindley, 2010; Zetter, 2007). In this editorial, we reflect upon the main outcomes of the workshop we and other PhD-colleagues organised on the 13th of June, 2016, and connect them to the articles within this Special Issue.
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Tabaku, Arben. „Ethnic Albanian rings of organised criminals and the trafficking and smuggling of human beings: an international, regional and local perspective“. SEER 11, Nr. 1 (2008): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2008-1-99.
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Black, Daniel. „Machines with Faces: Robot Bodies and the Problem of Cruelty“. Body & Society 25, Nr. 2 (03.04.2019): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357034x19839122.
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Even if it is never possible to create a sentient robot that might lay claim to the status of personhood, a convincingly realistic robotic simulation of the human body could alter how human beings act towards one another. This article argues that the human face exerts a powerful influence over interpersonal interaction, creating empathetic connections that limit our capacity to engage in acts of cruelty; an ability to convincingly simulate the human face would detach it from the attribution of human personhood and so encourage a dismissal of its affective charge. This possibility can be understood in the context of existing attempts to inoculate individuals against the appeal of the face so as to facilitate organised killing.
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Lundqvist, Åsa. „Parenting Support in Sweden: New Policies in Old Settings“. Social Policy and Society 14, Nr. 4 (03.06.2015): 657–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746415000238.
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This article sets out to investigate the political development and implementation of parenting support services in Sweden. The object of the analysis is on how parenting support has been organised and how it has been articulated in policy debates, and also key elements of parenting support in practice. The analysis shows that parenting support builds upon a century-long tradition of, for example, pre-emptive health care check-ups and services to parents, counselling and parenting education. There are, however, elements in parenting support policy which mark a clear deviation from this policy legacy. These include the introduction of structured parenting programmes, the growth of the idea of parents as autonomous beings, and the partial relocation of parenting support into new public health goals.
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Giorda, Maria Chiara. „Diakonia et économes au service de l’économie monastique en Égypte (IV e-VIII e siècles)“. Augustinianum 58, Nr. 1 (2018): 205–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/agstm20185819.
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Despite the ideal of dispossession, absolute poverty and the total absence of links with possession and human beings which shaped the myth of the monastic desert, the monastic economy and its management were very similar to the secular economic system, in that both were organised by networks based on families.This article tackles how and where material assets were produced and administered in Egyptian monasteries between the fourth and eighth centuries (the diakonia), and who was responsible for this function (the oikonomos). The history of monasticism is materially related to the institutionalisation of the society’s cultural and material systems of production. Consequently the economy was also transformed by monastic practices: history is linked to the definition and the successful affirmation of the figure of the oikonomos, the steward in charge of everyday life in monasteries.
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Biesaga, Tadeusz. „Human subjectivity in the prenatal period“. Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 18, Nr. 5 (31.12.2020): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2020.18.5.12.
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The article rejects various attempts to negate the subjectivity of human embryo, formulated among others in the Polish debate entitled 'Stem cells - life for life?' and organised by the Ministry of Scientific Research and Information Technology in 2003 and 2004. The Author thinks that the proposal to treat a human embryo as a deceased donor of organs, is wrong both in the field of embryology and philosophical anthropology. It is also wrong to question the subjectivity of human embryo using various criteria of growth (developed nervous system, brain, consciousness, participation in the life of society and looking after one's own interests). For these criteria do not define humanity but describe human being in various phases of expressions of his/her human nature. That is why it is not acceptable to make the right to life conditional on the stage and degree of the actualization of humanity. Furthermore, one cannot justify the deprivation of the subjectivity of human embryo because of medical progress and the so-called good of humankind. The acceleration of progress cannot be done at the cost of life of some group of human beings.
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Karaca, Alp. „Innovative technologies and living spaces; Updated living standards according to the evolution of homo sapiens“. New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Advances in Pure and Applied Sciences, Nr. 12 (30.04.2020): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjpaas.v0i12.4990.
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Homosapiens is the common family name for contemporary human beings. There are different kinds of homo species but the most recent one with the most improved abilities are human beings of the present era, who have adapted themselves to the new technologies and life conditions by improving themselves. The substantial improvements in technology started with the French Revolution in 1799. Initially, technology helped human beings in the production and industry sectors. Thereafter, in the 1990s, technology penetrated living spaces, firstly helping with household duties and then impacting social life, first with the radio and later with the television. Living spaces started to change through the organisation of spaces, and most houses were organised according to location reserved for the television. This is the biggest change brought about by technology in living spaces. The expectations of human beings were on the rise simultaneously with economic welfare and consumption-based demands. In the 2000s, phyisical limitations occurred, while expectations increased even more. These were constraints over time, materials and economy, and the solution came from technology via virtual reality and generated cyber spaces, which were without limits, economical and surpassed the built environments. Due to the lack of physical conditions, built envionments ceded their place to virtual living spaces and virtual cities. In the present study, data collection was undertaken via a study of innovations within living spaces and also via an observation of social lives within living spaces. The present article aims to present what can be foreseen, on the basis of cause and effect, concerning the impacts of the current evolution on the one hand and massive outbreaks of viruses on the other hand, the impacts on the physical spaces of the homosapiens species that have succeeded in adapting to all the changes that they have come across from their beginnings until the present era, the impacts that both phenomena will have on the current living standards and living spaces of humans and what changes human living spaces will undergo in the ongoing process of evolution. Human beings will continue renewing themselves throughout the said phenomena before concluding their process of evolution.
Keywords: Innovative, technology, living spaces, living standards, homosapiens.
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Vilks, Andrejs, und Aldona Kipāne. „Cilvēku tirdzniecība: kriminoloģiskās problēmas“. SOCRATES. Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes Juridiskās fakultātes elektroniskais juridisko zinātnisko rakstu žurnāls / Rīga Stradiņš University Faculty of Law Electronic Scientific Journal of Law 1, Nr. 13 (2019): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/socr.13.2019.1.050-062.
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Rakstā tiek apskatītas ar cilvēku tirdzniecību saistītās kriminoloģiskās problēmas un ir sniegts ieskats par problēmjautājumiem, kas skar šī sociāli tiesiskā fenomena kriminoloģiskās izpētes aspektus. Cilvēku tirdzniecība ir dinamiska parādība, kas viegli pielāgojas mainīgiem apstākļiem. Tradicionāli cilvēku tirdzniecība ir organizētās noziedzības veids. Cilvēku tirdzniecību veicina daudzveidīgu cēloņu un apstākļu kopums. Viens no cilvēku tirdzniecības dzinējspēkiem ir sociālo un ekonomisko procesu globalizācija. Tādēļ cilvēku tirdzniecības prevencijas pasākumiem jāiedarbojas uz plašām sabiedrības dzīves jomām. Criminological problems of human trafficking have been considered in this article. The authors have provided insight into the problematic issues that pertain to the criminological aspects of this socio-legal phenomenon. Human trafficking is a dynamic phenomenon that easily adapts to changing conditions. Traditionally, human trafficking has the nature of organised crime. A variety of diverse causes and conditions lead to human trafficking. Globalisation of social and economic processes is one of the driving forces of human trafficking. Thus, measures to prevent trafficking in human beings must have an impact on broad segments of society.
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Minetti, Marta. „The Facilitators Package, penal populism and the Rule of Law: Lessons from Italy“. New Journal of European Criminal Law 11, Nr. 3 (10.08.2020): 335–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2032284420946837.
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The past 20 years have witnessed an increase in the attention that the international, national and European policy responses have devoted to irregular immigration and transnational organised crime, with the Facilitators Package being among the protagonists of the criminalising approach adopted by the European legislator. More specifically, provision was drafted and ratified with the aim to tackle irregular migration by strengthening the penal framework on the facilitation of unauthorised entry within the European Union (EU) external borders in ‘the strict sense, and for the purpose of sustaining networks which exploit human beings’. Nevertheless, although its effectiveness in achieving the stated goals has been confirmed in the EU regulatory fitness performance programme (REFIT) assessment by the EU commission released in 2017, the academic judgment has taken a completely different direction, labelling the provision as exemplary of the preventive role taken by EU criminal law. The aim of the article is to analyse the transposition of the Facilitators Package by the Italian legislators and to examine its application within the national legal framework, in order to scrutinise the consequences that the symbolic application of the criminal law provision is having on the Italian jurisdiction in terms of Rule of Law (particularly on the principle of legal certainty).
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Wood, Charlotte. „Being organised“. Veterinary Nursing Journal 35, Nr. 6 (02.06.2020): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17415349.2020.1791473.
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Saudelli, Lucia. „Amour et santé dans le Banquet de Platon : la notion d’harmonie“. Elenchos 40, Nr. 1 (06.08.2019): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/elen-2019-0001.
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AbstractThe structure as well as the themes of the Symposium suggest that Eryximachus’ speech plays a fundamental role in the dialogue. The problem is that what he says in praise of love is far from clear and continues to be a subject of debate. The aim of our article is to re-examine this speech to clarify its meaning and determine its contribution to Plato’s theory of love. First, we will analyse the text of the Symposium, then we will investigate its medical back-ground, and finally we will evaluate its philosophical impact. We will argue that Eryximachus’ speech, which draws inspiration from the Hippocratic Collection and the Pre-Socratic thought, is based on the concept of ‘harmony’: a balanced and organised unity of opposites. According to Eryximachus, love – conceived of as harmony – is the key to the health and the virtue of human beings, as well as to the cosmic order and justice. Thereby the specificity of Eryximachus’ speech will become clear: Plato tries to combine science and morality by proposing, among other things, some considerations on bioethics.
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Nelumbu, Lucia. „Evaluation of the reflective practice programme“. International Journal of Medicine 3, Nr. 2 (06.10.2015): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijm.v3i2.5259.
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<p>It was obvious that the developed programme would be evaluated after the implementation process. The programme was evaluated after four months of implementation on the application of the content of the programme. The researcher organised a focus group discussion for the registered nurses in order to gain information regarding the implementation of the developed programme. The participants were invited on basis of their participation in the previous implementation and training workshop of the reflective practice programme. The participants concluded that this is an effective and fruitful approach for all health providers, which is helping them to identify their mistakes and to reflect on their daily practice in order to make improvements. This approach assists them on how to set priorities and assign tasks to other colleagues to work as a team. Moreover this programme helped the registered nurses to know how to assist the patients even when they did not call for help and also to realize the need to attend to the patients’ calls immediately. This programme also drew the attention of the registered nurses to the necessity of treating patients as human beings.</p>
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Harisunker, Nadene, und Carol du Plessis. „A journey towards meaning: An existential psychobiography of Maya Angelou“. Europe’s Journal of Psychology 17, Nr. 3 (31.08.2021): 210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ejop.5491.
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This psychobiography focuses on meaning making in the early life and young adulthood of acclaimed African American author Maya Angelou (1928-2014) through the lens of Frankl’s existential psychology with a specific focus on the tri-dimensional nature of human beings and the fundamental triad. The primary data source was Angelou’s own published autobiographies, which contain an in-depth narrative of her early life and young adulthood. Data was extracted, organised and analysed according to established qualitative research methods as well as through the identification of psychological saliences. The search for meaning within Angelou’s own narrative of her life was clearly apparent in the thematic analysis. Angelou’s narrative of her journey through the physical (childhood and adolescence), psychological (travelling and searching years) and spiritual (sensemaking years) dimensions was core to her meaning making. The three tiers of the fundamental triad (awareness of meaning, will to meaning, freedom of will) were present in various aspects of Angelou’s existential journey, manifesting as a focus on choice, responsibility, purpose, and acceptance. This study provides a more in-depth understanding of meaning making processes in the lives of extraordinary individuals, as well as contributing to the development of the research method of psychobiography, with a specific focus on meaning making.
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Oğuz, Gönül. „International Cooperation in Combating Human Trafficking in the EU: Evidence from Turkey“. Irish Journal of Sociology 20, Nr. 1 (Mai 2012): 39–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijs.20.1.3.
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Human trafficking lies at the heart of international organised crime. It is concerned with profits in terms of the exploitation of human beings. It is an abuse of basic rights. The enormous interest and concern for trafficking and human struggling is factual evidence. In the EU, policy on irregular migration is driven by the perception that the member states risk being overwhelmed by large numbers of irregular migrants thought to constitute a threat to national security. This has implications for policy measures designed to combat trafficking and human smuggling, which may not work without international cooperation. In most cases, victims are brought to the EU member states from abroad. This creates a demand for international obligations for cooperation and related instruments for combating human smuggling and trafficking. Therefore, the member states and their law enforcement agencies cannot tackle human trafficking alone. A question arises as to whether Turkey can be a vital partner, based on the facts that it is a transit country, with a strong border and assuming that it has a role to play, through its expertise and its commitment to dealing with the effects of trafficking. Unfortunately, these facts are still overlooked, while disproportionately intensive efforts are expended on dealing with questions of national security by the member states. Combating illegal immigration and reducing and controlling migration are frequently seen through the magnifying glass of the struggle against human trafficking. This article focuses on the international factors involved and how the wider international community might be able to play an effective role in helping to tackle human trafficking. It argues that continued coordination and collaboration across the countries is vital. The article reviews the empirical evidence from Turkey, as non-EU/candidate countries' cooperation and assistance in human trafficking may have an important dimension.
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Wade, Ros. „Pedagogy, Places And People“. Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability 14, Nr. 2 (01.12.2012): 147–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10099-012-0014-8.
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Abstract The paper will explore the potential of new technologies in helping educators to play an active role in creating and promoting the learning that is needed for local and global communities to live sustainably. In particular, it will examine the potential of the virtual world to develop local and global communities for transformative learning for sustainable development. It is organised into three sections: 1) the need for new ways of knowing, learning and understanding; 2) the challenges an opportunities of the virtual world; 3) the role of virtual learning communities in education for sustainable education; 4) regional centres of expertise as a mobilising mechanism. Faced with the major challenges of climate change, environmental degradation, poverty and social inequality, it is clear that learning to live sustainably has never been more urgent. The credit crunch has thrown these into sharp relief and provided an opportunity to take stock of our current ways of organising the world economy which have led us to this unsustainable impasse. We are faced with a critical moment in world history which offers the chance to make the changes needed to set human beings on a path to a more sustainable future. In order to address these immense challenges, new forms of learning are needed, and the paper will argue that all educators, as responsible members of local and global communities, need to play key roles as agents for change. Globalisation and new technologies have changed the way we think about the world and about what constitutes the global and the local. It is clear that both local and global solutions must be found to address the serious dilemmas of the 21st century. This paper will see to examine the opportunities and challenges of the virtual world in enabling and supporting the development of effective ESD communities of practice.
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Xhevdet, Halili. „Smuggling of human beings and connection with organized crime“. Academicus International Scientific Journal 11 (Januar 2015): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2015.11.15.
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Dilqem Hajizade, Fidan. „COMBATING TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS: APPROACH OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE“. SCIENTIFIC WORK 65, Nr. 04 (23.04.2021): 234–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/65/234-236.
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The 2005 Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings is open for signature not only by Member States of the Council of Europe, but also non-members of the Council of Europe. This Convention is comprehensive treaty mainly focused on the protection of victims of trafficking in human beings and ensure of their rights. It also aims at preventing human trafficking as well as prosecuting perpetrators. The provisions of this Convention are applied to all forms of trafficking: both national and international trafficking and whether or not it is related to organized crime. The Convention protects the rights of women, men and children who have been subjected to any form of exploitation (sexual exploitation, forced labor, services, etc.). Moreover, the Convention provides an independent monitoring mechanism to control the implementation of the provisions of the Convention. Key words: Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings, Council of Europe, GRETA, exploitation, implementation, victims of human trafficking
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Radović, Nenad, Zoran Đurđević und Velibor Lalić. „Trafficking in human beings as criminal activity of organized criminal groups“. Defendology 9, Nr. 29-30 (2011): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5570/dfnd.201101031.
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Korpela, M. „Two Decades of HELINA Conferences: A Historical Review of Health Informatics in Africa“. Yearbook of Medical Informatics 22, Nr. 01 (August 2013): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638856.
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Summary Objective: Review the history of health informatics in Africa as projected by the HELINA conferences, to draw inferences for the next phase. Methods and materials: Summarising from the proceedings of HELINA 93, unpublished programmes and reports of later conferences, abstracts and presentations on the web sites of the most recent conferences, and personal recollections of all but one of the conferences. Analysing the e-health situation in Africa in 1993, 2007 and 2011 by mapping software applications presented in the respective conferences on a simplified model of potential spots for e-health use. Results: The following phases were identified: Pre-phase from 1979; individual scientific papers. Phase 1, the 1993-1999 conferences; carried by the momentum of HELINA 93. Phase 2, interregnum; difficulty to find conference organisers. Phase 3, the 2007-2011 conferences; carried by the HELINA association as IMIA Africa Region. Currently most of the important spots for e-health use are being populated by appropriate software applications, mostly by collaborative open source projects. Phase 4 starting, characterised by the expansion of e-health practice on the continent, the HELINA association as a key organiser, and annual HELINA conferences becoming scientifically stronger and more visible. Conclusions: Key issues in making health informatics blossom in Africa include local development capacity, community orientation, collaborative design, international collaboration, government support, champions and organised continent-wide collaboration.
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DeLay, Steven. „Being True“. Religions 12, Nr. 4 (09.04.2021): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12040262.
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Turning to Karl Jaspers’s 1937 lectures, later published as Philosophy of Existence, this paper examines what might be meant by the colloquial expression “spiritual but not religious”. In doing so, it is argued that while Jaspers’s critique of organized religion mostly hits the mark, critiques of religion—as represented here by Jaspers’s Existenzphilosophie—fail to undermine a form of genuine spirituality grounded in a faith in the revealed Christ.
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Pirages, Dennis. „Microsecurity: Disease organisms and human well‐being“. Washington Quarterly 18, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1995): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01636609509550167.
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Munjal, Manish, Porshia Rishi, Nitika Tuli, Harjinder Singh, Shivam Talwar, Salony Sharma und Shubham Munjal. „Spectrum of otorhinolaryngologic ailments in the North Indian state of Punjab: a seven year retrospective study of peripheral health camps“. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, Nr. 5 (24.04.2020): 1946. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20202011.
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Background: Community otorhinolaryngology services have a role to play in the early diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of the individuals with low socioeconomic status.Methods: A retrospective study of 52 ear, nose, throat and head neck, peripheral camps held during a 7-year period, i.e. 2012-2019 was undertaken. The camps were organised by Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana. The epidemiological and gender profile of the patients with otorhinolaryngologic complaints was studied and statistically analysed.Results: A total of 52 camps were organized over a period of 7 years (2012 to 2019). Maximum number of camps were organized in Malwa belt (49) with 65% being organized in Ludhiana city followed by Barnala and Sangrur. Maximum number of camps were organized at the religious places (44%) followed by non-governmental organizations (33%) and schools (23%). Male patients (55.7%) outnumbered the female at the camps. Out of 576 patients with nasal complaints 56.7% were male while 43.3% were female. Out of 538 patients with throat complaints 56.8% were male while 43.2% were female.Conclusions: Maximum camps were held in the Malwa belt of Punjab. Otological ailments are of concern for the public. Relief and awareness from the camps of previous years brought about more attendance and request to hold more camps.
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O'Neill, Maria. „International Business Encounters Organized Crime: The Case of Trafficking in Human Beings“. German Law Journal 19, Nr. 5 (01.10.2018): 1125–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200022975.
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AbstractWith increasing globalization, transnational crime in general, and human trafficking in particular, a design of new legal framework is required in order to effectively operationalize interstate law enforcement operations and prosecutions. The development of a transnational criminal legal framework—or frameworks—can build on pre-existing transnational economic frameworks. There is also the need to extend the application of domestic law beyond national borders to influence transnational corporate behavior. Regulations based on reflexive law are one possible approach. Teubner's idea of reflexive law has been informing developments in this area. This approach uses traditional national law to inform corporate governance strategies in order to achieve effects on the market. A few jurisdictions have already adopted measures modeled on this approach to tackle human trafficking and slavery-like conditions in global supply chains. Weaknesses in the approaches adopted by the UK and the State of California have already been identified. If strengthened, this approach could be adopted in more jurisdictions—including the EU—and also to combat more areas of transnational crime—such as money laundering. This paper will examine the resulting challenges using human trafficking as a case study.
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Bjøntegaard, Bjørg Julsrud. „A combination of one-to-one teaching and small group teaching in higher music education in Norway – a good model for teaching?“ British Journal of Music Education 32, Nr. 1 (20.06.2014): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026505171400014x.
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Instrumental teachers in higher music education in Norway and elsewhere traditionally organise their teaching as individual lessons with one teacher and one student. This paper takes a closer look at how a horn teacher at the Norwegian Academy of Music has organised her weekly teaching in individual, small group and master class lessons with all her students. The project being described in the paper has since been extended to other instruments, but this paper concentrates on the horn model. The main focus is on small group lessons where the students themselves play and comment on fellow students’ performances. The evidence suggests that a combination of teaching in individual, small group and master class lessons is the best way of educating students as responsible, reflective and professional musicians.
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Podvorica, Armend. „Distinct Matters between the Phenomenon of Smuggling of Migrants and Trafficking in Human Beings as Types of Organized Crime in Kosovo“. European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 1, Nr. 3 (30.12.2015): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v1i3.p215-220.
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Generally speaking, the organized crime is a very complex phenomenon and quite heterogenic that adapts to the various requirements of economy and political and social institutions of the countries where it emerges and operates. Subject to the criteria that are taken as basis for its classification, the criminal phenomena emerge and operate in various types of organized crime. Hence, the Republic of Kosovo has introduced punishments against the organized criminal groups and major types of crime that emerge and expand in the shape of organized crime, including smuggling of migrants and trafficking in human beings. The criminal phenomena in the form of organized crime in the modern world which appears to be very concerning and quite threatening for the whole society, is trafficking in human beings and smuggling of migrants. Therefore, it is very important to study and identify all matters which bring together and separate these two criminal phenomena, which have emerged and continue to be present in various places and countries throughout continents and that have caused fundamental political, social, economic, cultural changes, etc. The key matters to be treated are as follows: Legal Framework of Republic of Kosovo which treats and punishes the organized crime, smuggling of migrants and trafficking in human beings, including the distinct points between these two criminal offences.
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Podvorica, Armend. „Distinct Matters between the Phenomenon of Smuggling of Migrants and Trafficking in Human Beings as Types of Organized Crime in Kosovo“. European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 3, Nr. 1 (30.12.2015): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v3i1.p215-220.
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Generally speaking, the organized crime is a very complex phenomenon and quite heterogenic that adapts to the various requirements of economy and political and social institutions of the countries where it emerges and operates. Subject to the criteria that are taken as basis for its classification, the criminal phenomena emerge and operate in various types of organized crime. Hence, the Republic of Kosovo has introduced punishments against the organized criminal groups and major types of crime that emerge and expand in the shape of organized crime, including smuggling of migrants and trafficking in human beings. The criminal phenomena in the form of organized crime in the modern world which appears to be very concerning and quite threatening for the whole society, is trafficking in human beings and smuggling of migrants. Therefore, it is very important to study and identify all matters which bring together and separate these two criminal phenomena, which have emerged and continue to be present in various places and countries throughout continents and that have caused fundamental political, social, economic, cultural changes, etc. The key matters to be treated are as follows: Legal Framework of Republic of Kosovo which treats and punishes the organized crime, smuggling of migrants and trafficking in human beings, including the distinct points between these two criminal offences.
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Šlekienė, Violeta, und Loreta Ragulienė. „DIDACTICAL PRINCIPLES OF CONCEPT FORMATION IN PHYSICS“. GAMTAMOKSLINIS UGDYMAS / NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION 7, Nr. 2 (05.09.2010): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/gu-nse/10.7.35a.
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Formation of concepts and their correlation with mental activity has been an object of con-cern for philosophers, psychologists and educators. Selecting the most efficient way of con-cept formation, knowledge of various methods, their advantages and disadvantages, condi-tions of their successful application, peculiarities of the comprehension process is necessary. This article deals with the didactical principles of concept formation in physics. The main stages of formation and development concepts of physics have been analysed: a definite sensual perception, distinction of basic general features of the observed objects of a class, abstraction of a concept, specification and consolidation of basic features of concept, defini-tion of relations with other concepts, application of a concept, generalisation and specifica-tion. It has been stated in this article, that the quality of concept formation depends on the ways how the basic features of a concept are detailed and consolidated, relations with other concepts are revealed, how the concept is applied solving tasks of various types, i.e., how the process of concept expansion has been organised. Concept comprehension is not a single act of the definition memorisation but a long-term process. Aiming at pupils’ conscious compre-hension of scientific concepts, their ability to apply them in definite situations it is essential to organise the process of their formation in the right way and to manage it. Teachers should realise, that definition memorising does not mean concept formation, quality of concept comprehension mainly depends on the ways its basic features are being detailed and consoli-dated, correlation with other concepts is being disclosed, the concept is being applied solving the tasks of various character, i.e. how the process of concept expansion is being organised. Key words: physics teaching, concepts formation, didactical principles.
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Agamuthu, P., SB Mehran, A. Norkhairah und A. Norkhairiyah. „Marine debris: A review of impacts and global initiatives“. Waste Management & Research 37, Nr. 10 (14.05.2019): 987–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x19845041.
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Marine debris, defined as any persistent manufactured or processed solid material discarded, disposed of or abandoned in the marine and coastal environment, has been highlighted as a contaminant of global environmental and economic concern. The five main categories of marine debris comprise of plastic, paper, metal, textile, glass and rubber. Plastics is recognised as the major constituent of marine debris, representing between 50% and 90% of the total marine debris found globally. Between 4.8 and 12.7 million metric tonnes of consumer plastics end up in the world oceans annually, resulting in the presence of more than 100 million particles of macroplastics in only 12 regional seas worldwide, and with 51 trillion particles of microplastic floating on the ocean surface globally. The impacts of marine debris can be branched out into three categories; injury to or death of marine organisms, harm to marine environment and effects on human health and economy. Marine mammals often accidentally ingest marine debris because of its appearance that can easily be mistaken as food. Moreover, floating plastics may act as vehicles for chemicals and/or environmental contaminants, which may be absorbed on to their surface during their use and permanence into the environment. Additionally, floating plastics is a potential vector for the introduction of invasive species that get attached to it, into the marine environment. In addition, human beings are not excluded from the impact of marine debris as they become exposed to microplastics through seafood consumption. Moreover, landscape degradation owing to debris accumulation is an eyesore and aesthetically unpleasant, thus resulting in decreased tourism and subsequent income loss. There are a wide range of initiatives that have been taken to tackle the issue of marine debris. They may involve manual removal of marine debris from coastal and aquatic environment in form of programmes and projects organised, such as beach clean-ups by scientific communities, non-governmental organizations and the removal of marine litter from Europe’s four regional seas, respectively. Other initiatives focus on assessment, reduction, prevention and management of marine debris under the umbrella of international (the United Nations Environment Programme/Mediterranean Action Plan, the Oslo/Paris Convention) and regional organisations – that is, the Helsinki Commission. There are also a number of international conventions and national regulations that encourage mitigation and management of marine debris. However, it is argued that these initiatives are short-term unsustainable solutions and the long-term sustainable solution would be adoption of circular economy. Similarly, four of the sustainable developmental goals have targets that promote mitigation of marine debris by efficient waste management and practice of 3R. As evident by the Ad Hoc Expert Group on Marine Litter and Microplastics meeting, tackling the marine debris crisis is not a straightforward, one-size-fits-all solution, but rather an integrated and continuous effort required at local, regional and global level.
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Martinussen, Maree, Margaret Wetherell und Virginia Braun. „Just being and being bad: Female friendship as a refuge in neoliberal times“. Feminism & Psychology 30, Nr. 1 (26.07.2019): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959353519857752.
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Those investigating neoliberal and postfeminist subjectivities have argued that continuous self-improvement and self-surveillance have become everyday life strategies for many women. It has been suggested that these strategies have also re-organised women’s friendships, so that this is now a significant field of practice for women to support each other in the anxiety provoking work of self-perfection. Using talk-data from a sample of women in Aotearoa New Zealand we explore these claims, and report on how our sample of women describe their friendships, not so much as a site for developing and perfecting the neoliberal self, but as a place of reprieve from conventions of relentless productivity – a site of ease, escape and refuge. We are not suggesting that accounts of postfeminist, neoliberal subjectivities are inaccurate or that these modes of self-making are not relevant to our participants, but that the discursive environment of women’s close friendships is plural, combining neoliberal emphases with potentially subversive counter-narratives.
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Glückler, Johannes, und Martina Ries. „Why being there is not enough: organized proximity in place-based philanthropy“. Service Industries Journal 32, Nr. 4 (März 2012): 515–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2011.596534.
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Guzmán-Rocha, Maria D., Dorothy L. McLeod und Amy M. Bohnert. „Dimensions of organized activity involvement among Latino youth: Impact on well-being“. Journal of Adolescence 60 (Oktober 2017): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.07.001.
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Bowden, L., und R. Walsh. „The challenge of attracting and retaining sponsorship in eventing“. BSAP Occasional Publication 32 (2004): 143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00041331.
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AbstractEventing is a very expensive sport to organise and run and relies heavily upon sponsorship funding to enable it to remain financially viable. This research is concerned with the challenges that events face in attracting and retaining sponsorship and what can be done to address these problems, resulting in a clearer understanding of what makes a successful sponsorship. Fourteen interviews were conducted with both event organisers and sponsoring companies, as well four people who are considered to be knowledgeable about sponsorship within the equine industry, to ensure that a balanced view of the issues was gained. The research found that the industry suffers from a culture of patronage with some companies sponsoring eventing for altruistic reasons. They see sponsorship as a way of raising public awareness and of building goodwill with their customers by being seen to put something back into a sport that their customers care about. Sponsors commented that sponsorship impresses people and gives them an idea about the values of the company and where it is positioned within the industry. They saw the sponsored event as an opportunity for them to entertain clients, customers, press and other business professionals, often in very beautiful surroundings. As eventing attracts more AB and C1 competitors and spectators than any other sport, it can offer sponsors an opportunity for highly targeted marketing to a sector of the population who are acknowledged to be difficult to reach via traditional advertising. Sponsors are interested in getting value for money from their sponsorship, and they expect to be dealt with in a professional manner. Event organisers need to demonstrate clearly how the sponsorship will benefit the company and ensure that they meet all of the sponsors’ business objectives. Sponsors expect to have name and brand awareness delivered to their target audience at the event, thus organisers must ensure that this happens by providing good branding opportunities. In order to gain the maximum benefit from the sponsorship, the sponsoring company needs to promote and publicise the sponsorship as much as possible by integrating it across their whole marketing strategy. This can be a great advantage to the event organiser as it raises the profile of the event. Events at the top end of the sport were found to have good sponsorship deals in place and the organisers said that they did not need sponsorship to make their events viable. However, the smaller events at grassroots level are only viable if sufficient sponsorship can be found. One interviewee suggested that these small events need to target smaller local companies who could benefit from raising their public profile in the local area. The event organisers interviewed feel undervalued by British Eventing, the sport’s governing body, and think that British Eventing could do more to support event organisers in attracting and retaining sponsorship. This is particularly crucial at grassroots level, because without sponsorship these events are not financially viable.
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Pisignano, Giuseppina, Ioanna Pavlaki und Adele Murrell. „Being in a loop: how long non-coding RNAs organise genome architecture“. Essays in Biochemistry 63, Nr. 1 (April 2019): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/ebc20180057.
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Abstract Chromatin architecture has a significant impact on gene expression. Evidence in the last two decades support RNA as an important component of chromatin structure [Genes Dev. (2005) 19, 1635–1655; PLoS ONE (2007) 2, e1182; Nat. Genet. (2002) 30, 329–334]. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are able to control chromatin structure through nucleosome positioning, interaction with chromatin re-modellers and chromosome looping. These functions are carried out in cis at the site of lncRNAs transcription or in trans at distant loci. While the evidence for a role in lncRNAs in regulating gene expression through chromatin interactions is increasing, there is still very little conclusive evidence for a potential role in looping organisation. Here, we review models for the involvement of lncRNAs in genome architecture and the experimental evidence to support them.
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Napier, Stephen. „Identifying Organisms“. Linacre Quarterly 84, Nr. 2 (Mai 2017): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00243639.2017.1306678.
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Defenders of human, embryonic, destructive stem-cell research and early abortion typically argue for their position by showing that you and I do not come into existence at conception but rather at some point after. Eugene Mills has provided an ingenious argument that you and I could not have come into existence at conception. I argue against Mills's argument on two counts: first, his argument depends upon a cursory limning of human conception, and when fuller details are considered, a premise in his argument is undercut. Second, Mills's argument invites us to ask questions about how to identify individual organisms. Given a fuller description of human conception and some plausible metaphysical principles, I argue that Mills should hold instead that you and I do in fact come into being at conception. Summary One way to argue that early abortions are permissible is to argue against the view that you and I come into existence at conception. Most abortion rights defenders argue for this conclusion by noting that in order for you and I to exist, there must be developed psychological capacities. Eugene Mills takes a different route and argues that you and I could not come into existence at conception because that would mean being identical to an egg – which he rightly notes we cannot be. I argue against Mills in this article.
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Parra, Federico. „The Struggle of Waste Pickers in Colombia: From being considered trash, to being recognised as workers“. Anti-Trafficking Review, Nr. 15 (28.09.2020): 122–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14197/atr.201220157.
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Organised waste pickers in Colombia are formally recognised as subjects of special protection and as providers of the public service of recycling. As a consequence, they now receive remuneration for their work, but this was not always the case. This article highlights the strategies waste pickers used to successfully demand their rights while exploring the tensions and contradictions surrounding the formalisation of waste pickers as public service providers of recycling. These include a lack of sufficient guarantees from the government, attempts by private companies to appropriate waste pickers’ benefits, and a lack of respect by both the state and private businesses for the recognition of their rights in law. It concludes that there is an inherent tension between the main objectives of the waste pickers—to improve their working conditions and overcome poverty and vulnerability—and that of the state, which promotes free market competition in the provision of public services.
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KANOVICH, MAX, STEPAN KUZNETSOV, VIVEK NIGAM und ANDRE SCEDROV. „Subexponentials in non-commutative linear logic“. Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 29, Nr. 8 (02.05.2018): 1217–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960129518000117.
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Linear logical frameworks with subexponentials have been used for the specification of, among other systems, proof systems, concurrent programming languages and linear authorisation logics. In these frameworks, subexponentials can be configured to allow or not for the application of the contraction and weakening rules while the exchange rule can always be applied. This means that formulae in such frameworks can only be organised as sets and multisets of formulae not being possible to organise formulae as lists of formulae. This paper investigates the proof theory of linear logic proof systems in the non-commutative variant. These systems can disallow the application of exchange rule on some subexponentials. We investigate conditions for when cut elimination is admissible in the presence of non-commutative subexponentials, investigating the interaction of the exchange rule with the local and non-local contraction rules. We also obtain some new undecidability and decidability results on non-commutative linear logic with subexponentials.
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Hvidt, Niels Christian, Kristina Tomra Nielsen, Alex K. Kørup, Christina Prinds, Dorte Gilså Hansen, Dorte Toudal Viftrup, Elisabeth Assing Hvidt et al. „What is spiritual care? Professional perspectives on the concept of spiritual care identified through group concept mapping“. BMJ Open 10, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2020): e042142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042142.
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ObjectivesThe overall study aim was to synthesise understandings and experiences regarding the concept of spiritual care (SC). More specifically, to identify, organise and prioritise experiences with the way SC is conceived and practised by professionals in research and the clinic.DesignGroup concept mapping (GCM).SettingThe study was conducted within a university setting in Denmark.ParticipantsResearchers, students and clinicians working with SC on a daily basis in the clinic and/or through research participated in brainstorming (n=15), sorting (n=15), rating and validation (n=13).ResultsApplying GCM, ideas were identified, organised and prioritised online. A total of 192 unique ideas of SC were identified and organised into six clusters. The results were discussed and interpreted at a validation meeting. Based on input from the validation meeting a conceptual model was developed. The model highlights three overall themes: (1) ‘SC as an integral but overlooked aspect of healthcare’ containing the two clusters SC as a part of healthcare and perceived significance; (2) ‘delivering SC’ containing the three clusters quality in attitude and action, relationship and help and support, and finally (3) ‘the role of spirituality’ containing a single cluster.ConclusionBecause spirituality is predominantly seen as a fundamental aspect of each individual human being, particularly important during suffering, SC should be an integral aspect of healthcare, although it is challenging to handle. SC involves paying attention to patients’ values and beliefs, requires adequate skills and is realised in a relationship between healthcare professional and patient founded on trust and confidence.
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Obokata, Tom. „SHORTER ARTICLES, COMMENTS, AND NOTES: TRAFFICKING OF HUMAN BEINGS AS A CRIME AGAINST HUMANITY: SOME IMPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEM“. International and Comparative Law Quarterly 54, Nr. 2 (April 2005): 445–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/lei005.
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Trafficking of human beings is a widespread practice in the modern world. It has been estimated that up to 800,000 people, especially women and children, are trafficked all around the world each year.1Virtually all States are affected,2and traffickers are believed to make between $7 and $10 billion annually from the trafficking business.3In order to combat trafficking, the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children (Trafficking Protocol) was adopted in December 2000, within the framework of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (Organized Crime Convention).4
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Wong, Alfred, und Roxanne Gomes. „Societal and Economic Elements of Trafficking in Human Beings into the European Union“. Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology 7, Nr. 3 (01.03.2016): 831–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/eap.v7i3.11.
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The European Union (EU) is an early signatory of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. During the past decade, the EU has been undertaking various measures to conform to the "Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons". The mitigating strategy has been largely based on the enforcement of existing and new laws, inside as well as outside of the EU. To date, the results have been largely ineffective. Addressing the societal and economic elements of home and host countries could be a more enduring means to alleviate the problem of trafficking in human beings.
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Heiskanen, Maria. „Is it all about money? A qualitative analysis of problem gamblers’ conceptualisations of money“. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 34, Nr. 5 (21.08.2017): 362–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1455072517718455.
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Aim: Money is an essential element in gambling but gambling disorders are more often discussed from the perspective of individual and psychological experiences than in the context of financial practices. Losing money is often among the first signs of problem gambling as well as being a motive for treatment-seeking. This article asks: what kinds of practices and meanings do problem gamblers assign to money in their everyday lives? Design: The data consist of 17 individual interviews with problem gamblers in Finland. The participants form a heterogeneous group of people with different financial backgrounds. Their discourses on money are systematically organised into a structured qualitative content analysis. Results: The results reveal four main conceptual traits of money as an everyday gambling-related problem: (1) a compelling need for money; (2) disposable money defining the tempo of gambling; (3) the balance between using money for gambling and spending it on other matters of everyday life; and (4) gradual spiral of increased money-related problems. Conclusions: Problem gambling re-organises the uses and sources of money in everyday life, and changes the meanings of money. Nevertheless, gambling spending does not seem to be utterly out of control, rather, on one hand, disposable income organises spending episodically, and on the other hand, problem gamblers exercise a certain degree of control over their household expenses. This observation could promote problem gamblers’ sense of control when recovering.this page for more information about identifying these."-->
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Torriani, Iris, Nivaldo Speziali und José Sabino. „IYCr2014: Special Events Organized in Brazil - ABCr“. Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (05.08.2014): C1318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314086811.
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IYCr2014 activities of the Brazilian Crystallographic Association started last year, with its members actively participating in the First Latin American Congress of Crystallography (Oct.29-Nov.2, 2013) in Córdoba, Argentina. This meeting was a milestone to integrate the Latin American Crystallographic community, originating the Founding Act of the Latin American Crystallographic Association. After this event, groups from different parts of Brazil started planning activities for the celebration of IYCr2014. Some of the main events are: The EMBL sponsored the Structural and Biophysical Methods for Macromolecules in Solution course (Jan.19-26), that took place at the Univ. of Sao Paulo, within the Global Exchange Lecture Course Program. At IFSC-USP, a Macromolecular Crystallography School "from data processing to structure refinement and beyond" will be held on April 8-16, organized by CCCP4 and local researchers. At the annual meeting of the Braz. Chem. Soc. the symposium Past, Present and Future of Protein Crystallography in Brazil (26-29 May) is being organized. A Latin American Summit Meeting on Biological Crystallography and Complementary Methods will take place at the Brazilian Synchrotron Laboratory (22-24 Sept), with the presence of Nobel Prize laureate Ada Yonath. In the state of Minas Gerais, a Symposium on Evolution of Crystallography and a two month exhibition entitled Symmetry and diffraction: from the art to crystal structure in our daily lives will take place in October. Other exhibitions are also being planned with panels from the "100 Years of Crystallography" Grenoble team. An International Symposium on Crystallography will take place in Fortaleza/CE (UFC, 12-15 Oct.). Workshops and Lecture Courses on Appl. Crystallography (UFES, Vitoria- 23-25 May) and Rietveld methods (USP-SP, 1-5 Sep.) are also being announced. Two Open Lab activities are being planned with commercial sponsorship: Bruker-Axs (in Goiás–Oct.), Rigaku and Panalytical (SP, Aug. 20-21).
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Wiium, Nora, und Reidar Säfvenbom. „Participation in Organized Sports and Self-Organized Physical Activity: Associations with Developmental Factors“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, Nr. 4 (18.02.2019): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040585.
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Engagement in organized sports is associated with developmental factors, such as, healthy growth, cognitive abilities, psychological well-being and lower substance use. Research also suggest that the spontaneous free play that characterises self-organized physical activity (PA) provides young people with opportunities to learn social skills, such as self-regulation and conflict-resolution skills. We assessed associations between participation in the two activity types and several demographics along with developmental factors (e.g., body mass index (BMI)). Data was from a representative sample of 2060 students attending 38 schools in Norway (mean age (Mage) = 15.29, standard deviation (SD) = 1.51; 52% females). Results indicated that while engagement in organized sports was more related to developmental factors, relative to self-organized PA, engaging concurrently in both activities for at least an hour a week was more developmentally beneficial than engaging only in one for the same amount of time. Thus, PA programmes for students will enhance their effectiveness if they focus on structured activities but also self-organized activities where students can coordinate themselves.
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Crocker, Ruth, Michael Skidmore, Sarah Webb, Sarah Garner, Martin Gill und John Graham. „Uncovering Organized Shoplifting and Theft Networks“. Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice 13, Nr. 4 (31.08.2017): 377–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/police/pax048.
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Abstract This article explores the role of organized crime groups in persistent theft and shop theft. It is based on an analysis of police data using exploratory analytical techniques assessing the extent of connectivity between acquisitive offenders. The research also draws on qualitative data collected from interviews. The findings suggest that shop theft was predominantly committed by UK nationals; although foreign nationals were proportionately more likely to be involved in organized crime, there is some evidence that they may themselves be being exploited. The findings are discussed and suggestions for further research are made.
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HAYASHIDA, Kojyun. „The Process of Being Organized that Nembutsu is Superior to Other Practicies by Honen“. Journal of Research Society of Buddhism and Cultural Heritage, Nr. 8 (1999): 30–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5845/bukkyobunka.1999.30.
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Girdwood, R. H. „On Being a Medical Student in the 1930s“. Scottish Medical Journal 43, Nr. 1 (Februar 1998): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003693309804300109.
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From a Minute Book which has survived the years, an account is given of matters discussed by the Clinical Medicine Board of the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh in the 1930s. This Board consisted of the senior physicians in the hospital and the records give an indication of the excessively large number of students who were all having their clinical experience in the wards of the one hospital. In addition to the University students there were others studying for the Triple Qualification of the Royal Colleges. The pressure of this teaching on staff and patients was considerable. It was decided to transfer some of the tuition to Craigleith Hospital which became the Western General. In 1939 the male house doctors were awaiting their call-up. The administrators had to consider arrangements for the continuation of teaching if bombing took place. In March 1941 the Polish Medical School was organised in Edinburgh
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BERESTYCKI, H., und J. P. NADAL. „Self-organised critical hot spots of criminal activity“. European Journal of Applied Mathematics 21, Nr. 4-5 (07.07.2010): 371–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956792510000185.
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In this paper1 we introduce a family of models to describe the spatio-temporal dynamics of criminal activity. It is argued here that with a minimal set of mechanisms corresponding to elements that are basic in the study of crime, one can observe the formation of hot spots. By analysing the simplest versions of our model, we exhibit a self-organised critical state of illegal activities that we propose to call a warm spot or a tepid milieu2 depending on the context. It is characterised by a positive level of illegal or uncivil activity that maintains itself without exploding, in contrast with genuine hot spots where localised high level or peaks are being formed. Within our framework, we further investigate optimal policy issues under the constraint of limited resources in law enforcement and deterrence. We also introduce extensions of our model that take into account repeated victimisation effects, local and long range interactions, and briefly discuss some of the resulting effects such as hysteresis phenomena.
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PR, Shankar, und Alshakka MAM. „Book review: Deadly medicines and organized crime“. Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences 2, Nr. 2 (15.05.2016): 138–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32463/rphs.2016.v02i02.26.
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Clinical trials have attracted negative attention recently. The degree of control of the pharmaceutical industry over the design, conduct and analysis of clinical trials has been criticized. Healthcare professionals increasingly rely on data obtained from clinical trials and from meta-analysis and systematic reviews. The process of publishing clinical trials and framing clinical practice guidelines is being increasingly influenced by the pharmaceutical industry.