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Håkansson, Linus. „Visualizing cadastral parcels for surveyors using handheld Augmented Reality“. Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20906.
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The purpose of this study consists of gaining an understanding about Augmented Reality (AR) and if this technology can help land-surveyors to visualize cadastral parcels using an iOS app. In addition, the app is also used to get insights of what it takes for an AR system to replace 2D paper maps completely. In land-surveyors daily work, they usually bring annotated 2D paper maps to locate their assets when they do field work. However, the 2D paper map can be cumbersome to use because the map visualizes assets in 2D while the working environment for land-surveyors is in 3D. Therefore, this study presents an AR app that can visualize cadastral parcels in 3D in collaboration with a company called InfoTrader. This dissertation utilizes a qualitative methodology with a design and creation strategy as well as semi-structured interviews. To get feedback and evaluate the proposed app it was tested with professionals with experience in the land-surveying business. The findings from testing the app indicated that the app could be very useful in different scenarios. Nevertheless, to completely replace the 2D paper map, the AR system should integrate all the layers of information that the 2D map provides.
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Long, Catherine M. „Comparing rural land parcels transferred with all rural land parcels using local real property tax records: a case study in three Virginia counties“. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91137.
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Increasingly, information on rural land is needed by land owners, realtors, investors, appraisers, government officials, and researchers to make effective economic and policy decisions involving land. One source of information that could meet this demand is local real property tax records. These records continuously provide parcel data relating to value, use, ownership, location, size, and taxes.
These records also provide data on transfers of rural land, such as sales price, previous ownership, date of transfer, and type of transfer. Transfer data, in particular, may be useful at meeting data needs because sales prices are generated strictly from market interaction and because rural transfers represent only two to four percent of all rural parcels, thus providing a small, efficient sample to rely upon. Transfer data have often been used in land market analyses, particularly for local land markets. However, questions have arisen as to the representativeness of parcels sold of all parcels.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether transfers of rural land are representative of all rural land parcels in terms of value and several value-producing characteristics. To accomplish this, an economic model is developed to explain the variations in the assessed per acre value of rural land in three Virginia counties. This model is then transformed into a statistical model that examines a data set composed of all rural land parcels and a data set composed of bona fide transfers occurring in 1983. The regression results of the two data sets are statistically compared. In addition, comparisons of the two data sets are also made on the basis of mean assessed land value per acre, per acre assessed land value distribution, and parcel size distribution. The results of these comparisons indicate that bona fide transfers of rural land are not representative of all rural parcels in terms of value and value-producing characteristics.M.S.
3
Urganci, Ilksen. „Positional Uncertainty Analysis Using Data Uncertainy Engine A Case Study On Agricultural Land Parcels“. Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611409/index.pdf.
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Most of spatial data extraction and updating procedures require digitization of geographical entities from satellite imagery. During digitization, errors are introduced by factors like instrument deficiencies or user errors. In this study positional uncertainty of geographical objects, digitized from high resolution Quickbird satellite imagery, is assessed using Data Uncertainty Engine (DUE). It is a software tool for assessing uncertainties in environmental dataand generating realisations of uncertain data for use in uncertainty propagation analyses. A case study area in Kocaeli, Turkey that mostly includes agricultural land parcels is selected in order to evaluate positional uncertainty and obtain uncertainty boundaries for manually digitized fields. Geostatistical evaluation of discrepancy between reference data and digitized polygons are undertaken to analyse auto and cross correlation structures of errors. This process is utilized in order to estimate error model parameters which are employed in defining an uncertainty model within DUE. Error model parameters obtained from training data, are used to generate simulations for test data. Realisations of data derived via Monte Carlo Simulation using DUE, are evaluated to generate uncertainty boundaries for each object guiding user for further analyses with pre-defined information related to the accuracy of spatial entities. It is also aimed to assess area uncertainties affected by the position of spatial entities. For all different correlation structures and object models, weighted average positional error for this study is between 2.66 to 2.91 meters. At the end of uncertainty analysis, deformable object model produced the smallest uncertainty bandwidth by modelling cross correlation.
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Wu, Xiaolan. „Quantification and optimization of spatial contiguity in land use planning“. Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1124216715.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 2-9, 9-126, 131-145 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes bibliographical references (p. 135-145). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Horwood, Steven J. „The use of upper mantle derived ilmenite to predict preservation of diamond parcels in Kimerlite“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4203.
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Souza, Luana Elayne Cunha de. „Medindo Valores Com Parcelas De Itens: Contribuições à Teoria Funcionalista dos Valores“. Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2012. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6904.
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Previous issue date: 2012-02-27Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
ABSTRACT - The current thesis aimed to create a new instrument for measurement of human values, based on the functionalist theory of human values, for diagnosis and screening. To this end, it took out three studies. Study 1 aimed to build up a database of items that would meet an essential criterion: to represent the subfunctions recommended by the functionalist theory. Initially, this scale was comprised by 180 items, 30 items representing each of the six subfunctions proposed. The study included 10 judges, who with a minimum of 70% agreement between them, judged the relevance of 127 items, 53 items were eliminated. Study 2 aimed to build an instrument, resulting from the items in the previous study and gather evidence of its psychometric properties. Participants were 210 students with ages ranging from 14 to 28 years (m = 18.28; sd = 2.94), mostly female (61,4%). They answered the set of 127 items on a 7-point scale ranging from 1 (totally unimportant) to 7 (extremely important), and demographic questions. Initially, there was a semantic validation of the instrument with the participation of 12 students the first year of high school. Found that there were no questions, remained the proposed version. Confirmatory factor analysis were performed considering the covariance matrix and adopting the maximum likelihood estimator for the set of items in each subfunction separately. Through the factor loadings, we selected the top three items in each human value, resulting in a structure of nine items per subfunction of values. The rates of Cronbach s alpha ranged from 0.44 (maturity) to a 0.94 (religion), the homogeneity s indices ranged from 0.21 (maturity) to 0.60 (sexuality), and composite reliability was 0.61 (pleasure) to 0.92 (religiosity). These indices gather evidence of the reliability of the instrument. The average variance extracted, which was 0.46 (maturity) to 0.91 (religiosity) and comparison of the square root of the average variance extracted with the correlations among the factors, in this case the subfunctions values, demonstrating evidence of validity convergent and discriminant, respectively, of the measure. Study 3 aimed to confirm the factor structure using item parcels technique and, again, present their psychometric parameters. Participants were 231 students with ages ranging from 16 to 34 years (m = 19.98; sd = 2.77), mostly female (61.9%). They answered the set of items resulting from the second study in the same response scale as well as demographic questions. By comparing the rates of adjusting the model item parcels from the model built with the original items, was observed that the first best fits the data. The alpha values for the factor structure proposed ranged from 0.61 (normative) to 0.80 (interactive), regarding to homogeneity s index, composite reliability and average variance extracted, all the subfunctions above the recommended values presented in the literature. Finally, all subfunctions showed discriminant validity, except the relationship between existence and achievement and between existence and suprapersonal. In conclusion, trust that the goals proposed in this thesis have been achieved, this time presenting a contribution to a field of the measurement of human values.
RESUMO - A presente dissertação objetivou construir um instrumento novo para mensuração dos valores humanos, tomando como base a teoria funcionalista dos valores humanos, para fins de diagnóstico e triagem. Para tanto, levaram-se a cabo três estudos. O Estudo 1 objetivou construir um banco de itens, que atendesse a um critério essencial: representar as seis subfunções preconizadas pela teoria funcionalista. Partiu-se de um conjunto de 180 itens, 30 itens representando cada uma das seis subfunções valorativas. Participaram deste estudo 10 juízes, que com um mínimo de 70% de concordância entre eles, julgaram a pertinência de 127 itens, tendo sido eliminados 53 itens. O Estudo 2 objetivou construir um instrumento, a partir dos itens resultantes do estudo anterior, e reunir evidências de suas propriedades psicométricas. Participaram 210 estudantes com idades variando de 14 a 28 anos (m = 18,28; dp = 2,94), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (61,4%). Estes responderam o conjunto de 127 itens em uma escala de 7 pontos que varia de 1 (Totalmente não importante) a 7 (Extremamente importante), além de perguntas de caráter demográfico. Inicialmente, realizou-se a validação semântica do instrumento com a participação de 12 estudantes do primeiro ano do ensino médio. Verificado que não ocorreram questionamentos, manteve-se a versão proposta. Foram realizadas análises fatoriais confirmatórias, considerando a matriz de covariância e adotando o estimador de máxima verossimilhança, para o conjunto de itens de cada subfunção, separadamente. Por meio das cargas fatoriais, foram selecionados os três melhores itens de cada valor humano, resultando em uma estrutura de nove itens por subfunção valorativa. Os índices de alfa de Cronbach variaram de 0,44 (maturidade) a 0,94 (religiosidade), os índices de homogeneidade variaram de 0,21 (maturidade) a 0,60 (sexualidade), e a confiabilidade composta foi de 0,61 (prazer) a 0,92 (religiosidade). Estes índices reúnem evidências de precisão do instrumento. Já a variância média extraída, que se situou de 0,46 (maturidade) a 0,91(religiosidade) e a comparação da raiz quadrada da variância média extraída com as correlações entre os fatores, no caso, as subfunções valorativas, demonstram evidências de validade convergente e discriminante, respectivamente, da medida. O Estudo 3 objetivou confirmar a estrutura fatorial por meio da técnica de parcela de itens e, novamente, apresentar seus parâmetros psicométricos. Participaram 231 estudantes com idades variando de 16 a 34 anos (m = 19,98; dp = 2,77), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (61,9%). Estes responderam ao conjunto de itens resultante do estudo 2 na mesma escala de resposta, assim como perguntas de caráter demográfico. Ao comparar os índices de ajuste do modelo com parcela de itens em relação ao modelo construído com os itens originais, pode-se observar que o primeiro se ajustou melhor aos dados. Os valores de alfa para a estrutura fatorial proposta variaram de 0,61 (normativa) a 0,80 (interativa), quanto aos índices de homogeneidade, confiabilidade composta e variância média extraída, todas as subfunções apresentaram valores acima do recomendado pela literatura. Finalmente, todas as subfunções apresentaram validade discriminante, exceto as relações entre existência e realização e entre existência e suprapessoal. Concluindo, confia-se que os objetivos propostos nesta dissertação tenham sido alcançados, apresentando-se nesta oportunidade uma contribuição para o campo da mensuração dos valores humanos.
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Baerveldt, Albert-Jan. „Contribution to the bin-picking problem : robust singulation of parcels with a robot system using multiple sensors /“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1993. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=10348.
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Porcheddu, Antonio. „The Ager valley historic landscape: new tools and quantitative analysis. Architecture and agrarian parcels in the medieval settlement dynamics“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/436891.
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Aquest treball exposa els resultats de la investigació doctoral sobre el paisatge històric de la Vall d’Àger amb l’aplicació de la metodologia de l’Arqueologia del Paisatge. S'han utilitzar diferents mètodes científics per obtenir informació heteogènia: des de la teledetecció (lidar i radar), els documents escrits, la prospecció i l’excavació arqueològica, fins a la anàlisis de l’arquitectura i l’aplicació dels models de l’arqueologia predictiva (least cost path, site catchment analysis, viewshed analysis etc.). Els objectius consisteixen en la clarificació de les dinàmiques dels assentaments rurals en l'Edat Mitjana, des de el segle V fins al XIII, a través de l'anàlisi dels assentaments, de les vies de comunicació, del paisatge agrari i dels sistemes defensius i de l'estructura eclesiàstica. Aquest estudi ha demostrat que l’estructura del paisatge de la Vall d’Àger es genera amb un primer impuls entre els segles V i VII, i posteriorment experimenta un profund canvi a partir de finals del segle X.Este trabajo trata de analizar el paisaje histórico del Valle de Àger (España) a través de múltiples fuentes, como las fuentes escritas, la teledetección, las fuentes arqueológicas, las arquitecturas históricas y los análisis del parcelario agrario, de la viabilidad y de la toponímica. El objetivo principal es el de analizar la periodización del asentamiento medieval de forma general y detallada a través del estudio del paisaje fortificado y del paisaje sagrado en una ventana cronológica que va desde el siglo 5 hasta el siglo 13. También se analizaron los elementos principales de las arquitecturas históricas disponibles mediante los métodos de la arqueología de la arquitectura. Otra aplicación metodológica fue la de la Archéogéographie Francesca a través de la cual es posible estudiar las estructuras del parcelario agrario y de la viabilidad. Todos los datos han sido sintetizados para obtener el cuadro general del asentamiento medieval en el valle.
This work deals with the analysis of the Ager Valley historic landscape through the methodologies of Landscape Archaeology. It uses several multidisciplinary sources as written documents, remote sensing images (mainly lidar and radar), parcels analysis, archaeological prospections and archaeological excavations. The main target has been obtaining the periodisation of the medieval settlement in the valley from the 5th to the 13th centuries. It analyses the structure of the agrarian parcel systems through the methodology developed in the Archaeogeographic studies and predictive archaeology (least cost path, viewshed analysis, site catchment analysis). It also uses the application of the Archaeology of Architecture in order to study the material evidences of the churches and the defensive towers of the valley. After the analysis of the different sources, it tries to develop a synthesis of the data following the chronological windows allowed by the sources. All the data have been used also to analyse the Landscape of Power and the Sacred Landscape in the valley during the Middle Ages.
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Willoughby, Jo-Anne. „Acceptability of collectors of medicine parcels for noncommunicable disease patients from a primary health care facility in the Western Cape“. University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7631.
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Doctor EducationisBackground: Since 2005 the Chronic Dispensing Unit (CDU) has been part of the Western Cape Government’s strategy to address increasing demand for chronic medication for patients with non-communicable diseases. However, some patients are unable to collect their pre-packed chronic medication parcels from health care facilities on the due date. Recent research reported that some patients utilise collectors or medicine agents to collect their prepacked chronic medication parcels. Currently little is known about this phenomenon of collectors. Aim and Objectives: This study explored the acceptability of collectors of CDU chronic medication parcels to improve access to medicines for patients with non-communicable diseases at Lotus River Community Day Centre (LRCDC). Methodology: An exploratory descriptive qualitative study using semi-structured interviews in English and Afrikaans was conducted with six purposively selected collectors, three patients who use collectors and three key informants who have intimate knowledge of the collectors and system at the health facility. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, translated into English (where applicable) and thematically coded to derive themes from the data. Ethical approval was provided by the University of the Western Cape Bio-Medical Research Ethics Committee and informed consent was obtained from all study participants. Results: Patients reported that their collectors exhibited positive characteristics such as trust, patience and reliability, as well as, a passion for helping the community and organisational skills. All patients acknowledged the benefits of utilising a collector and found them to be highly acceptable. Key informants, however, had some reservations about the characteristics of collectors and their role in medication distribution and were sceptical as to whether collectors were suitably equipped to perform this function. Patients were grateful when their collector had some knowledge about their condition and were able to converse with them regarding their medication. Key informants suggested that with sufficient training and skills development, collectors could potentially improve access to chronic medication parcels and impart basic knowledge about chronic medication adherence to patients. iv Conclusion: The collector system that has emerged at LRCDC is highly acceptable to patients, but health facility staff were more measured in their assessments. Health facility staff, however, acknowledged the potential of collectors to improve access to chronic medication parcels for patients with chronic conditions and the benefit of upskilling collectors to perform this function. Recommendations: As a short-term measure, collectors should be formally accepted at facilities as medicine agents. They should receive basic education about safe medication distribution practices. Patients should screen collectors to ensure that they have the desired positive attributes. Furthermore, future research is necessary to comprehensively understand the current scope of practice of collectors within communities
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Schoen, Quentin. „Piloter le transport de colis intelligents : proposition d’une approche décentralisée Application aux colis contenant des produits sensibles L’indispensable évolution des ”transport management system” pour le pilotage des flux de produits sensibles Improving parcels transportation performance by introducing a hitchhiker parcel model“. Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EMAC0008.
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L’environnement logistique s’appuie sur des systèmes de pilotage centralisés qui atteignent aujourd’hui leurs limites face à un réseau logistique et des envois de plus en plus complexes et fragmentés. Des initiatives de rupture comme l’Internet Physique orientent les développements futurs vers un pilotage décentralisé, ouvert et collaboratif. Nous inscrivant pleinement dans cette dynamique, le travail de recherche présenté dans ce manuscrit a pour but de questionner la pertinence d’un pilotage décentralisé de colis intelligents et opportunistes. Nous définissons un ensemble d’indicateurs de pilotage permettant à chaque colis de prendre ses propres décisions pour se router sur le réseau logistique. Ils peuvent alors évaluer la performance d’opportunités de transport qui se présentent. Puis, nous confrontons cette approche avec différents types de transport afin d’évaluer sa pertinence. Un plan d’expériences, déployé sur un moteur de simulation à événements discrets, nous permet alors de tester plusieurs scénarios. Enfin, dans une quatrième partie, nous étendons notre étude sur une proportion du réseau logistique de l’Établissement Français du Sang pour comparer une organisation actuelle avec une organisation cible et conclure sur la pertinence de notre modèleCentralised transport logistics systems reach their limits, facing with fragmented shipments and complex logistics networks. Breakthrough innovations, as the Physical Internet initiative, steer research works to decentralised, open and collaborative monitoring approaches. The research work in this thesis aims to query the relevance of decentralised monitoring applied on intelligent and opportunistic parcels. Thus, we define key performance indicators allowing each parcel to make its own decisions and direct itself on the logistics network. These indicators allow parcels to evaluate each transportation opportunity. In the third part, we evaluate the relevance of our model, testing these indicators with different transportation types. We use a design of experiments with Discrete-Event Simulation models to test several transportation scenarios. Finally, in the fourth part, we applied our experiments on a French Blood Establishment Supply Chain part. It aims to compare the current organisation with the expected one and conclude on the relevance of our proposition
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Strnad, Jakub. „Příprava a vstup nového produktu České pošty na náš trh“. Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-125182.
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The aim of this thesis is to propose a design and implementation of a new product in the field of parcel services in the Czech Post and propose its communication strategy. The basis for correct and efficient product design theme consists of description of the main postal market aspects and principles in the Czech Republic and detailed monitoring and analysis of domestic and global competition and customer environment. This, together with a summary of the basic theoretical approaches to the field of marketing and commercial communication forms the basis for designing a communication strategy. Results of this work confirmed that the proposed new product "Předplacené balíkové obaly" is a promising service that could help the Czech Post in the growing competitiveness in the field of express parcel delivery. Succes of its implementation will largely depend on the ability of the Czech Post effectively inform customers. Communication campaign, however, must reflex and develop the previous link of the "Great Parcel Revolution ".
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Barreto, Tiago Egydio 1979. „Dinamica de 10,24 ha de um trecho de floresta estacional semidecidual, Galia, Alvilandia, SP, Brasil“. [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315667.
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Orientadores: Ricardo Ribeiro Rodrigues, Maria Teresa Zugliani ToniatoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Poucas mudanças são esperadas na dinâmica de florestas em um curto período de tempo. No entanto, padrões climáticos atípicos estão sendo observados, gerando alterações nos regimes de precipitação e formação de tomados ou fortes ventos, possivelmente em conseqüências das mudanças climáticas globais. Estes eventos podem gerar mudanças imediatas na dinâmica de florestas. Neste trabalho, avaliamos a dinâmica de uma comunidade florestal em um intervalo de 2 anos, em uma parcela permanente de 10,24 ha, atingida por fortes ventos no ano de 2002, anteriormente ao primeiro censo. Os levantamentos foram realizados nos anos de 2002/2003 e 2004/2005, amostrando todos os indivíduos com diâmetro na altura do peito (DAP) >= 4,78cm. Os resultados mostraram que neste curto intervalo, a taxa de mortalidade foi de 2,33%ano-1 e a taxa de recrutamento foi de 3,68% ano-I. Houve incremento significativo em área basal (Z = 2,60; P < 0,01) e em densidade (Z = 2,60; P < 0,01) para os indivíduos do estrato inferior. Também, detectou-se aumento significativo em densidade para as espécies típicas de sub-bosque (Z = 1,99; P = 0,025), pioneiras (Z =2,29; P = 0,01) e secundárias tardias (Z =1,71; P = 0,045). Houve redução significativa nos valores de densidade para os indivíduos do estrato superior (Z = 2,60, P < 0,01). Conclui-se, portanto, que este trecho de floresta teve altos valores em seus descritores de dinâmica em comparação com outros estudos realizados em outras florestas tropicais. Possivelmente esses valores encontrados estejam relacionados com os fortes ventos que atingiram a parcela permanente
Abstract: Short-term changes in the dynamics of forests are IO~. Atypical weather patterns, however, have been causing changes in precipitation regimes and generating hurricanes or strong winds. These events are possible consequences of global climate change and could cause short-term changes in the dynamics of forests. In this study, we evaluated the dynamics of a forest community during two 2-years period census (from 2002 to 2003 and from 2004 to 2005) in a permanent plot of 10.24 ha, affected by strong winds in 2002 before (the first census).We measured individuals with diameter breast height (DBH) >= 4.78 cm. The mortality rate was 2.33%.year-1 and the recruitment rate was 3.68%.year-l. There was significant increase in basal area (Z = 2,60; P < 0,01) and in density (Z = 2,60; P < 0,01) for the individuals ofthe low stratum. Moreover, significant increase in density was found for species typical of understory (Z = 1 ,99; P = 0,025), pioneers (Z =2,29; P = 0,01) and late colonizing (Z = 1,71; P = 0,045). Significant decrease in density was found for the individuaIs of the high stratum (Z = 2,60, P < 0,01). We conc1ude that this section of forest has high values in their dynamic descriptors, when compared to other studies in other tropical forests. These results are possibly re1ated to the strong winds that occurred in the permanent plot. Key words: mortality, recruitment, mortality model, ecological groups, c1imate change
Mestrado
Mestre em Biologia Vegetal
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Hitchcock, Henriette. „Factors that influence the collection of chronic medication parcels by patients with Type 2 diabetes from a primary health care facility in the Western Cape Province“. University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5589.
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Magister Public Health - MPHBackground: Optimal management of Type 2 diabetes requires that patients have a convenient method of collecting chronic medication. In the Western Cape Province, Type 2 diabetes patients can collect chronic medication from primary health care facilities including community health centres. The Chronic Dispensing Unit (CDU) was established to facilitate the dispensing of chronic medication by making medication collection more convenient for patients and was expected to improve medication collection. However, it has been observed that some Type 2 diabetes patients fail to collect pre-packed CDU parcels on the prescribed date and time which could result in poor treatment outcomes and secondary complications. This study therefore aims to explore the factors that influence collection of CDU chronic medication parcels by Type 2 diabetes patients from the Elsies River Community Health Centre (CHC), a primary health care facility in the Western Cape Province. Methodology: An exploratory qualitative research design was used to explore the personal-, social-, health system-related factors that affect collection of pre-packed CDU parcels. Semistructured interviews were conducted in English or Afrikaans with 18 purposefully selected Type 2 diabetes patients who are registered to collect pre-packed CDU parcels from the Elsies River CHC, and three key-informants from the Elsies River CHC. Data was recorded using a digital recorder. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using inductive content analysis. Results: The main factors that facilitate collection of pre-packed CDU parcels were support from family and social support. On the other hand, social factors that were reported as barriers to collection were the safety of the patients and collectors failing to collect on behalf of the patient. Patients' recognition of the value of their treatment and value of the service were the main personal factors which facilitated collection. Personal factors that were reported as a barrier to collection included forgetfulness, laziness and tiredness. Other personal factors that were reported by participants as barriers to collection were illness, transport problems, financial constraints and anticipating non-collection. Health service related factors reported as facilitating factors were reduced waiting time and mistrust of the off-site collection system. In addition, participation in the diabetes chronic club and pharmacy support were also reported as facilitating factors. Negative staff attitude and a limited collection time for pre-packed CDU parcels were reported as barriers to collection by Conclusion: Various personal-, social and health service related factors affect the collection of pre-packed CDU parcels by Type 2 diabetes patients from the Elsies River CHC. To improve collection among patients who fail to collect on their appointment date, the factors that have been found to facilitate collection should be extended to more patients. Recommendations: It is recommended that patients surround themselves with support structures including family, friends and community organisations to assist and motivate them in displaying adherent behaviour. Patients who make use of independent collectors should ensure that these individuals are reliable to avoid an undersupply of medication. Counselling and health promotion should be provided to patients by health service staff as a means of encouragement and empowerment. The diabetes club which serves as a source of information and support should be accessed by more patients. Open communications channels between health service staff and patients should be constructed to ensure that staff are aware of the barriers patients face.
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Croissant, Cynthia. „Uses and landscape patterns a study of relationships between human activities and spatial patterns of land use and land cover on private parcels in Monroe County, Indiana /“. [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3162230.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, 2004.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-01, Section: A, page: 0292. Chair: Charles Greer. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Oct. 12, 2006).
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Prokešová, Eva. „Posouzení možnosti zřízení vodní nádrže“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-402596.
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The aim of the thesis is to assess the possibility of establishing a water reservoir in s selected location witch regard to its possible water management activities including geological conditions. The thesis also defines basic terms related to water reservoir and their parts. This work was elaborated with the help of available literature and valid laws of the Czech Republic concerning the given issue. At the end of the work will be valued land meeting the conditions for the construction of a small water tank. The award will take place in two ways according to the decree and direct comparison.
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Santoro, Paula Freire. „Planejar a expansão urbana : dilemas e perpectivas“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16137/tde-06062012-143119/.
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A tese mostra que políticas territoriais municipais paulistas têm interferido pouco no processo de urbanização das áreas de transição rural-urbanas de forma a controlar o crescimento urbano horizontal e planejá-lo com qualidade urbana. Pretende-se superar a ideia de que expandir o urbano é sempre indesejável e admitir que é um processo recorrente e, quando necessário, deve ser planejado para que aconteça sem prejuízos urbano-ambientais e sociais, distribuindo de forma justa os ônus e benefícios da urbanização e evitando processos especulativos tão tradicionais na mudança de uso rural para urbano. A transição de uma economia agrícola para a industrial viu na expansão urbana metropolitana uma estratégia relevante para o desenvolvimento econômico industrial, através de uma política habitacional e constantes anistias aos loteamentos clandestinos. Crescer em extensão física parececia ter sido uma resposta adequada face ao crescimento populacional vivido no período pós 2ª Guerra Mundial, desde que tivesse sido planejada. Se o crescimento fosse bem planejado e estruturado, não daria conta de ter sido feito tão velozmente. Formava-se a periferia metropolitana. Em uma reação populista, o governo militar (1964-1985) aprovou a Lei Federal de Parcelamento do Solo e deixou aos munípios o controle do crescimento urbano, sem exigir seu planejamento. Os financiamentos habitacionais impulsionaram esta expansão urbana com urbanização incompleta, mantendo a produção do urbano pautada pela dependência de recursos federais; intervenções setoriais descompassadas; e por relações clientelistas em torno da urbanização progressiva. A regulação do território torna-se um instrumento flexível que se adapta às possibilidades de desenvolvimento urbano, pautadas estas pelo financiamento. O período de redemocratização nos anos 1980 foi acompanhado por processos de alteração demográfica e de reversão do processo de concentração nas grandes cidades associados à desconcentração e alterações no processo produtivo industrial e ao surgimento de novas formas condominiais de urbanização. A expansão urbana nas cidades paulistas explica-se face à (1) pouca resistência à mudança de uso rural para urbano, nos momentos de oscilação da produção e dos preços rurais associada à (2) inovação promovida por novas tipologias residenciais sobre o rural loteamento fechado, ranchos, etc., e (3) por investimentos no sistema rodoviário e o estímulo ao uso de veículos individuais. A análise das normas territoriais sobre 100 municípios paulistas mostrou que estas tipologias para se implantarem, necessitam flexibilizar não apenas normas urbanas, mas rurais, apontando para a necessidade de se planejar o rural. Já os estudos de caso analisados apresentam diferentes graus de controle do crescimento urbano e de planejamento do mesmo das áreas de expansão e debatem com a experiência colombiana que articula financiamento, gestão e planejamento de áreas de expansão. Com isso, admite a recorrência do processo de expansão urbana, e aponta para a necessidade de planejá-la de forma a evitar que aconteçam prejuízos urbanoambientais e sociais, distribuindo de forma justa os ônus e benefícios da urbanização, evitando processos especulativos tão tradicionais na mudança de uso rural para urbano, e construindo ex-ante projetos urbanos que sejam pedaços de cidade, com uma urbanização completa.The research shows that spatial policies in São Paulo practically have not controlled or planned urban growth in order to guarantee urban quality. This thesis intends to overcome the idea that urban growth is always undesirable and view it as a recurrent situation that, when necessary, should be planned to avoid urban-environmental and social problems, by fairly distributing urbanization costs and benefits and preventing speculative processes that are usual in ruralurban changes. In the transition from an agricultural to an industrial economy in Brasil, urban expansion was strategic for industrial economic development, through a federal housing policy and regularization of irregular parcels. Growing by physical extension seemed appropriate in a period of fast population growth after 2nd World War, if it had been planned. If growth were well planned and structured, it would not have been possible to do it so quickly. The result was a space known as metropolitan periphery. In a populist reaction, the military government (1964-1985) enacted the Urban Parcels Federal Land Law but left to municipalities the control of urban growth, without requiring planning. A huge housing financing program drove this expansion into incomplete urbanization; maintained municipalities dependent on federal funds to make urban developments; made sectorial interventions, most of the time disconnected from one another (ex. with water and without sewage); and maintened clientelist relationships between politicians and locals around the progressive urbanization. Land regulation becomes a flexible tool that adapts to the possibilities of urban development, guided by these fundings or private interests. The democratization period in the late 1980s was accompanied by demographic change and by a polarization reverse process associated with policy decentralization, changes in industrial production processes and the emergence of new forms of urbanization closed urban developments, shoppings, thematic parks, and others. In this context, urban sprawl in São Paulo\'s cities can be explained by (1) low resistance to change from rural to urban uses, influenced by rural production and price variations; (2) urban innovations like new types of developments closed residential developtments, little farms, etc., and (3) high investments in road systems and in encouraging the use of individual vehicles. Analysis of the 100 municipalities\'land laws not only showed that these kinds of urban development require, in order to happen, more flexible urbanization permits, but also pointed the need to plan the countryside. The three case studies herein showed different degrees of urban growth control and planning urban expansion. The Brazilian cases debate with the Colombian urban planning experience that combines financing, management and planning areas of expansion. In summary, the research admits the recurrence of urban growth, and points the need for planning (so as to avoid urban-environmental and social losses that can occur), for fair distribution of urbanization costs and benefits (so as to prevent speculative processes often present in rural-urban change processes) and for exante development, thus preventing irregular urban development process and making urban growth with a complete urbanization.
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Miranda, Ludmila Pires. „Efeito de borda no invent?rio pr?-corte de um povoamento Eucalyptus sp“. UFVJM, 2016. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1092.
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Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)
O estudo analisou a influ?ncia de alocar parcelas em diferentes pontos do talh?o com a finalidade de um invent?rio pr?-corte, utilizando dois arranjos de intensidade amostral e tamanho de parcela, diferentes m?todos de amostragem (Casual Simples ? ACS ou Sistem?tica ? AS), forma de parcela (retangular ou circular) e localiza??o da parcela no talh?o (borda, borda e centro e apenas no centro). Foi realizado um censo no talh?o, onde foram mensuradas todas as circunfer?ncias ? 1,30 metros de altura. A estimativa da altura foi obtida por meio de modelo hipsom?trico. O ajuste do modelo foi feito com duas bases de dados para detectar a influ?ncia do efeito de borda na altura das ?rvores: a primeira composta por dados provenientes da ?ltima medi??o do invent?rio florestal cont?nuo (IFC) realizado no talh?o; a segunda proveniente de cinquenta ?rvores localizadas na borda do talh?o. Com as equa??es ajustadas, utilizou-se o teste de identidade de modelo para verificar o efeito de borda na altura. Para definir o efeito de borda sobre o di?metro ajustou-se a fun??o Weibull de duas formas: 1) para cada uma das 10 primeiras linhas de borda do talh?o; e 2) fez-se o ajuste das linhas de forma acumulativa, come?ando pela linha 1 at? a d?cima linha. Conhecendo-se as estimativas dos par?metros, as distribui??es diam?tricas foram estimadas, tomando como base a frequ?ncia observada da primeira linha de borda. Para verificar se a distribui??o diam?trica estimada variava conforme adentrava no talh?o utilizou-se o teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, a 95% de probabilidade. Para o ajuste dos modelos volum?tricos foram usados dados de cubagem de ?rvores-amostra localizadas no centro do talh?o. Combinando a localiza??o da parcela, m?todo de amostragem, formato da parcela e arranjo de intensidade amostral e tamanho da parcela, foram simulados 28 cen?rios de amostragem. A compara??o entre os procedimentos foi utilizando a precis?o e exatid?o. O resultado do teste de identidade de modelo indicou que h? influ?ncia da borda sobre a altura das ?rvores. Os testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov demonstraram n?o haver diferen?a diam?trica entre as 10 primeiras linhas de borda do talh?o. O modelo volum?trico de Schumacher e Hall foi o que resultou nas melhores estimativas. Nos procedimentos de amostragem simulados, a ACS foi mais precisa e eficiente para um arranjo com intensidade amostral maior e parcelas de tamanho menores, j? a AS foi melhor com intensidade amostral menor e parcelas maiores; quanto ao formato, tanto circular, quanto retangular obtiveram bons resultados. Em rela??o ? localiza??o das parcelas no talh?o, os resultados foram mais exatos e precisos quando as parcelas foram alocadas no centro do talh?o, seguidos das parcelas alocadas na borda e centro e por fim aquelas alocadas na borda do talh?o.
Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016.
This study examined the influence of allocating plots at different points of the stand, using two arrays of sampling intensity and plot size, different methods of sampling (Simple Casual ? ACS or Systematic Sampling ? AS), plot format (rectangular or circular) and plot location in the compartment (border, border and center, and only in the center). We performed a census in the stand, where all circumferences at 1.3 meters above the ground were measured. Height estimation was through the Hypsometric model. The model fitting was conducted with two databases to detect the influence of the border effect at different tree heights: the first model fitting consisted of data from the last measurement of IFC (Continuous Forest Inventory ? IFC) conducted in the stand; the second one consisted of fifty trees located on the border of the stand. For the adjusted model, the researcher used a model identity test to determine the effect of the border on the height. To define the effect of the border on the diameter, the Weibull function was fitted in two ways: 1) for each one of the first 10 borders in the stand; and 2) for the adjustment of the lines cumulatively, beginning from the first line to the tenth line. Knowing the parameters, we estimated diameter distributions, based on the observed frequency of the first border. To verify if the estimated diameter distribution varied according to the plot, we used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test at 95% probability. For the fitting of the volumetric models, we used cubing data of trees located in the center of the stand. So, combining the location of the plot, the sampling method, the inventory type and the plot format, we simulated 28 sampling scenarios. Comparison between procedures was through precision and accuracy. The result of the model identity test indicated that the border influences tree heights. The Kolmogorov- Smirnov tests showed no diametric difference between the first 10 border lines of the stand. The Schumacher and Hall volumetric model was the one that got the best estimates. In the simulated sampling procedures, ACS was more precise and efficient or an arrangement with greater sampling intensity and smaller size plots, while AS was better with lower sampling intensity and larger plots; as the format, either circular, or rectangular achieved good results. Regarding the location of the plots in the stand, the results were more accurate and precise when the plots were allocated in the center of the stand, followed by plots allocated on the border and center and finally those allocated in the stand border.
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Hum, Tarry. „Parcel to parcel linkage : who benefits from the redistribution of wealth?“ Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74789.
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Řádek, Lukáš. „Hodnota stavebního pozemku zastavěného stavbami určenými k demolici“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225388.
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This engineering thesis deals with quantification of the value of a development land built buildings that are destined to be demolished. This thesis outlines the aspects of demolition procedures with subsequent usage of the building rubble for recyclation. The goal of this thesis is to illustrate issues of demolitions of bulindings situated on a development land and of determinativ of the total price of such land.
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Ptáčková, Michaela. „Optimalizace tras při rozvozu zásilek“. Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264544.
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This thesis deals with optimization problems of the parcels distribution. This issue can be solved on the ground of traveling salesman problem whose mathematical and economic model, including their modifications, are presented in the theoretical part of the thesis. We can solve these problems by using exact methods, heuristic and metaheuristic algorithms. In the theoretical part are described traveling salesman problem, traveling salesman problem with time windows, traveling salesman problem with multiple time windows and dynamic traveling salesman problem including possible ways of solution. In the practical part we can find application of problems on the real example, when we are finding the shortest possible route for the PPL's employee under different assumptions. The solution is obtained by using solver Gurobi within the modelling system MPL for Windows. In conclusion of the thesis the results are summarized and models are compared with each other.
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Duarte, Junior Jayme Muzzi. „Código identificador de parcela urbana“. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2018. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/21978.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
No contexto do Cadastro Territorial Multifinalitário, duas condições são básicas para que o mesmo cumpra o seu objetivo: a adoção de uma unidade territorial única e de um código identificador único e inequívoco. O objetivo deste estudo é definir um formato de código identificador que atenda seis critérios, propostos pela Associação Internacional de Avaliadores de Imóveis (IAAO) e pela Comissão Tributária do Estado de Utah, nos Estados Unidos: singularidade, permanência, simplicidade, facilidade de manutenção, flexibilidade, referência para a localização. Além disso, propõe-se um sétimo critério a ser cumprido: a referência histórica. Caracterizaram-se dois formatos de códigos identificadores. O primeiro é estruturado na divisão administrativa da jurisdição. O segundo é estruturado nas coordenadas do ponto médio da testada. Além disso, foram analisados outros dois formatos de códigos: um adotado no Brasil, fundamentado no Sistema Hierárquico, e o outro estruturado nas coordenadas do centroide da parcela, confeccionado pela Geolocalização Absoluta. Os quatro formatos de códigos foram avaliados quanto ao atendimento aos critérios necessários para o código perante à dinâmica territorial ao longo do tempo e da integração das bases cadastrais em âmbito nacional, conforme propõe o Decreto 8764/2016 instituindo o SINTER no Brasil. O código adotado no Brasil e o código da Geolocalização Absoluta não atendem ao critério da singularidade e falham em relação aos demais critérios. Um dos problemas de ambos os formatos é a desconsideração de um elemento temporal no código, ignorando completamente a dinâmica territorial. Outro problema, é que os códigos não incorporam um elemento capaz de singularizá-los em âmbito nacional. Portanto, o código adotado no Brasil e o código da Geolocalização Absoluta não são apropriados para identificarem as parcelas urbanas do Cadastro Territorial. Por outro lado, os dois formatos propostos são adequados para codificar as parcelas urbanas do Cadastro Territorial, pois concordam com os critérios necessários, garantindo que as informações cadastrais das parcelas sejam gerenciadas, organizadas, atualizadas, compartilhadas com os usuários do sistema cadastral e integradas com bases de dados territoriais proveniente de diferentes fontes.
In the context of the Multifinal Cadastre, two conditions are basic for it to fulfill its objective: the adoption of a single territorial unit and a unique and unambiguous identification code. The purpose of this study is to define an identifier code format that meets six criteria, proposed by the International Association of Assessing Officers (IAAO) and the State Tax Commission of Utah in the United States: uniqueness, permanence, simplicity, ease of maintenance, flexibility, reference to the location. In addition, I propose the fulfillment of a seventh criterion: historical reference. I have characterized two formats of identifier codes. I have characterized two formats of identifier codes. The administrative division of the jurisdiction structures the first format. The coordinates of the midpoint of the tested structure the second code format. In addition, I considered two other code formats: one adopted in Brazil, based on the Hierarchical System, and the other structured in the coordinates of the centroid of the plot, made by the Absolute Geolocation. I evaluated the four codes formats in terms of meeting the criteria required for the code in relation of territorial dynamics over time and the integration of the cadastral bases at the national level, as proposed by Decree 8764/2016 establishing SINTER in Brazil. The code adopted in Brazil and the Absolute Geolocation code reject the singularity and fail in relation to the other criteria. One of the problems of both formats is the disregard of a temporal element in the code, completely ignoring the territorial dynamics. Another problem is that the codes do not incorporate an element capable of singling them out at the national level. Therefore, the code adopted in Brazil and the Absolute Geolocation code are not appropriate to identify the urban parcels of the Cadastre. On the other hand, the two formats proposed are adequate to codify the urban parcels of the Cadastre, since they agree with the necessary criteria, guaranteeing the management, organization, updating and sharing of cadastral information with the users of the cadastral system. It also allows the integration of cadastral information with territorial databases from different sources.
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Chlebová, Kateřina. „Srovnání přepravních podmínek poskytovatelů expresních a kurýrních služeb v ČR“. Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-17090.
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The aim of this master thesis is to analyse the market of courier, express and parcels services. It focuses on the issue of relevant national and international legal framework, with a particular interest in the principles of liability. Furthermore, it provides information on activities of the major courier, express and parcels suppliers: TNT Express Worldwide and DHL Express. These two companies and their Terms and conditions of carriage are subjects for a case study which deals with logistics provider's liability for destruction or loss of or damage to cargo and liability for damage caused by delay.
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Riggs, Spence. „Parcel-Level Green Stormwater Management Policy: What New Orleans Can Learn from Philadelphia’s Parcel-Based Utility Fee“. ScholarWorks@UNO, 2014. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1939.
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The Greater New Orleans Urban Water Plan promotes the ideology of integrating green infrastructure into the City’s water management strategy to cultivate resiliency. In order to develop enough green infrastructure to have a significant impact on the hydrological functioning of the area, New Orleans officials are investigating different options for encouraging property owners to manage their stormwater on-site. Philadelphia Water Department’s parcel-based stormwater utility fee has been offered as a model for working within the constraints of the municipal government’s regulatory authority to increase the water retention capacity of individual properties. This thesis provides an analysis of Philadelphia Water Department’s stormwater utility policy and offers recommendations to other cities, like New Orleans, that are considering adopting a similar policy in their jurisdiction.
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Sousa, Roberto Pequeno de. „Tamanho de parcela para experimentação com girassol“. Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2013. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/79.
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Previous issue date: 2013-11-29This study aims to determine the appropriate size of field plots for field experimentation with sunflower. An experiment was conducted in randomized complete blocks design with 14 cultivars of sunflower and 10 replications. The field plots consisted of four rows of six-meter long rows, spaced 0.7 m and 0.3 m between plants, with a total area of 16.8 m2. The useful area of the plot (7.56 m2), consisting of the two central rows, was divided into 12 basic units, each one consisting of three plants in the row (0.63 m2). The production of sunflower grains obtained in basic units was grouped in order to form portions of seven kinds of five different predefined sizes. The appropriate size of the experimental plot was estimated by the following methods: a) Intraclass correlation coefficient b) Maximum modified curvature c) Segmented linear model with plateau and d) Hatheway (1961). Were also estimated the soil heterogeneity coefficient (b) and the detectable difference among treatments (d). There was a reduction in the coefficient of variation with increasing the size of the plot. The soil of the experiment showed high heterogeneity ( = 1.0585). They were estimated by the methods of the intraclass correlation coefficient, maximum modified curvature and segmented linear model with plateau, respectively, the optimal plot sizes corresponding to 2.52, 3.74 and 2.48 m2. The maximum modified curvature method presented estimate of the optimum plot size more appropriate, together with the detectable difference between means of cultivars to accurately assess the yield of sunflower grain. The plot of 3.74 m2 of useful area was considered appropriate to assess the yield of sunflower grains and it was smaller than the size generally used in researches with sunflower. Though the Hatheway method (1961), they were estimated several very aplicable plot sizes. Considering all the cultivars for the same difference to be detected among means of cultivars, the use of a portion of smaller size with the largest number of replicates required less experimental area than the larger plots with a fewer number of replications
O objetivo desse trabalho foi determinar o tamanho adequado de parcela para experimentação de campo com girassol. Foi realizado um experimento no delineamento em blocos completos casualizados com 14 cultivares de girassol e 10 repetições. As parcelas foram constituídas de quatro fileiras de seis metros de comprimento, espaçadas de 0,7 m e entre plantas de 0,3 m, com área total de 16,8 m2. A área útil da parcela (7,56 m2), composta das duas fileiras centrais, foi dividida em 12 unidades básicas, cada uma constituída de três plantas na fileira (0,63 m2). A produção de grãos do girassol obtida nas unidades básicas foi agrupada de modo a formar sete tipos de parcelas de cinco tamanhos diferentes pré-estabelecidos. O tamanho adequado da parcela experimental foi estimado por meio dos seguintes métodos: a) Coeficiente de correlação intraclasse; b) Máxima curvatura modificado; c) Modelo linear segmentado com platô e d) Hatheway (1961). Estimaram-se também o coeficiente de heterogeneidade do solo (b) e a diferença detectável entre tratamentos (d). Ocorreu redução do coeficiente de variação com o aumento do tamanho da parcela. O solo do experimento apresentou alta heterogeneidade ( = 1,0585). Foram estimados pelos métodos do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse, máxima curvatura modificado e modelo linear segmentado com platô, respectivamente, os tamanhos ótimos de parcela correspondentes a 2,52, 3,74 e 2,48 m2. O método da máxima curvatura modificado apresentou estimativa do tamanho ótimo da parcela mais adequado, aliado à diferença detectável entre médias de cultivares para avaliar com precisão o rendimento de grãos do girassol. Parcela 3,74 m2 de área útil foi considerada adequada para avaliação do rendimento de grãos do girassol e foi menor que o tamanho geralmente usado nas pesquisas com o girassol. Pelo método de Hatheway (1961) estimaram-se diversos tamanhos de parcelas, muitos aplicáveis. Considerando todas as cultivares, para uma mesma diferença a ser detectada entre médias de cultivares, a utilização de parcela de menor tamanho com maior número de repetições requereu menos área experimental do que parcelas maiores com menor número de repetições
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Araujo, Alex Sandro Alves de. „Efeitos de poluição urbana na higroscopicidade dos aerossóis e na ativação de gotas em nuvens quentes na Amazônia no âmbito do experimento GoAmazon 2014/5“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-07062017-155108/.
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As medidas do experimento Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon 2014/5 ) foram realiza- das nos arredores de Manaus, na região central da Amazônia, durante dois anos, com o objetivo de entender como o ciclo de vida dos aerossóis e das nuvens em condições naturais é influenciado pelas emissões urbanas. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho procurou estudar a higroscopicidade dos aerossóis em condições poluídas pela pluma de Manaus e discuti-la à luz do que era esperado em condições prístinas. A partir desses resultados experimentais, usamos um modelo adiabático de parcela de nuvem para estudar o impacto da poluição de Manaus na formação de nuvens quentes. Observamos altas concentrações de aerossóis vindos de Manaus, com média de Ncn = 2.425 cm 3 e percentis de 25 % e de 75 % respectivamente dados por 937 cm 3 e 3.259 cm 3 . Para a Amazônia prístina, os valores tipicamente encontrados são da ordem de Ncn 400 cm 3 . A higroscopicidade das partículas da poluição urbana é notavelmente baixa, com média de t = (0, 09 ± 0, 01) para todos os diâmetros investigados. Além disso, são altamente heterogêneas quanto à higroscopicidade. As partículas naturais da Amazônia têm higroscopicidade média da ordem de t 0, 14, não sendo tão heterogêneas quanto as partículas de Manaus. Aperfeiçoamos e utilizamos um modelo adiabático de parcela de nuvem para investigar de forma sistemática o impacto da pluma de Manaus nos primeiros estágios de formação das nuvens quentes. O modelo foi validado através da comparação com quatro casos exemplificados na literatura, vindos de modelos conceitualmente semelhantes, mas de implementações numéricas diferentes. Em nossas simulações, consideramos que o formato da distribuição de tamanho das partículas de aerossol poderia variar com a concentração total de partículas, ao irmos da situação limpa para a poluída. Além disso, consideramos também que a higroscopicidade variava com a concentração total e com o tamanho das partículas de aerossol. Isto foi feito em etapas, permitindo representar as partículas de aerossol com crescente grau de detalhamento. Observamos que o número de gotículas na base da nuvem é determinado principalmente pela concentração de partículas e pela velocidade vertical. Em segundo lugar, vem o formato da distribuição de tamanho, e, depois, a higroscopicidade. Mostramos que simulações que não consideram estes outros fatores irão, necessariamente, superestimar o efeito dos aerossóis nas nuvens quentes. Da condição limpa para a condição poluída pela pluma, observamos o aumento da concentração gotículas e a correspondente diminuição do raio efetivo dessa população de gotículas. Observamos, também, a diminuição da fração de aerossóis ativados. Os resultados sugerem que, na condição poluída, as nuvens acumulam água líquida mais rapidamente em seus primeiros 200 m, em relação à condição limpa.The measurements of the Green Ocean Amazon 2014/5 experiment were carried out on the outskirts of Manaus, in the central Amazon region, for two years, with the objective of understanding how the natural aerosol and cloud life cycles would be perturbed by urban emissions. In this context, the present work aimed at studying the aerosol hygroscopicity under polluted condition, comparing it with the pristine environment. Based on these results, we used an adiabatic cloud parcel model to study the impact of Manaus pollution on the first stages warm clouds formation. We observed high concentrations of aerosols coming from Manaus, with average Ncn = 2.425 cm 3 and percentiles 25 % and 75 % of 937 cm 3 and 3.259 cm 3 res- pectively. For the pristine Amazon, typical values would be about Ncn 400 cm 3 . The hygroscopicity of urban pollution particles were notable low, with average t = (0, 09±0, 01) for all diameters investigated, and a high level of heterogeneity was found. On the other hand, natural particles in the Amazon have a hygroscopicity of about t 0,14 and are not as much heterogeneous. We improved and used an adiabatic cloud parcel model to systematically investigate the impact of the Manaus pollution plume on the first stages of warm cloud develop- ment. The model was validated by comparison with four exemplary cases found in the literature, from conceptually similar models, but with different numerical imple- mentations. In our simulations, we considered that the shape of the size distribution could vary with increasing number concentration, as we moved from the clean to the polluted conditions. We also allowed the hygroscopicity to vary with the concentration and the diameter of the aerosol particles. These were done in stages, hence allowing an increasing level of complexity in the representation of the aerosol particles. We observed that the number of activated cloud droplets is as function primarily of the concentration and the vertical velocity. In second place comes the dependence with the shape of the size distribution and, after that, with the hygroscopicity. We showed that simulations that do not consider these other factors will, necessarily, over predict the effect of aerosols on shallow warm clouds. As expected, when we simulated clean conditions changing towards a polluted one, we found an increase in the number of activated droplets and corresponding decrease of effective radius of those droplets, and of the activated fraction. Our results suggest that, under polluted conditions, clouds accumulate liquid water more rapidly during the first stages of its development than under clean conditions.
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Coloma, Benedicto Librado. „Analysis of NAVADS small parcel shipping policy“. Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23533.
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Faghin, Nicole R. „Small parcel zoning changes and mediated negotiation“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73273.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1986.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH
Bibliography: leaves 105-117.
by Nicole R. Faghin.
M.C.P.
28
Podrová, Petra. „Vliv výstavby silniční komunikace na cenu pozemků“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232582.
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The thesis is focused on the assessment and comparison of land prices which are connected to the construction of roads, before and during the redemption. Based on gained results was made the average evaluation of land. The price difference stems from the fact that before the redemption was a mostly agricultural land and during the redemption was already building land. This is due the construction which to be built on it and also the costs of readiness of the land
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Sánchez, Ulloa Diego. „Contrapropuesta de radicación Parcela 11, Viña del Mar“. Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/114743.
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ArquitectoEl tema es la vivienda en un contexto de políticas habitacionales que han respondido a la inexistencia de una política de desarrollo urbano. La problemática es como en esta desregulación, las ciudades han crecido en extensión, donde quienes poseen menos recursos económicos han quedado relegados a la periferia, ya sea en tomas de terreno o en viviendas sociales, y por ende se han visto expuestos a los riesgos que conlleva. En este contexto, la ciudad de Viña del Mar ha consolidado este crecimiento urbano y consecuente expulsión de los más pobres a la periferia de los cerros. Sin embargo, este modelo ha significado también el desarrollo de una capacidad de adaptarse a la pendiente y construirse como comunidad como ha sucedido con la toma Parcela 11 en el cerro Forestal.
30
Solzhenitsyn, Stephan. „Parcel-by-parcel urban design : a strategy toward clarifying rights and restrictions in the redevelopment of center-city Moscow“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70294.
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Krejsová, Věra. „Vyhodnocení vývoje cen stavebních pozemků dle cenových předpisů“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232885.
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The aim of this work is to identify trends in prices building plots over the years, the price set by the price regulations is determined according to the legislation in force for the years, this legislation is detailed and chronologically sorted in the theoretical part of this thesis. The actual valuation of building plots is carried out since 1939 to the present in the practical part of this work. The award is made over the years to the identical construction site located in the town of Olomouc.
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Dittrichová, Zuzana. „Vlivy působící na cenu stavebních pozemků“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318581.
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The aim of the diploma thesis is to find out and evaluate the influences affecting the price of building lands in the given region. Furthermore, the results are confronted with the valuation decree. In the theoretical part are given the definitions of building lands according to different legal regulations. In the practical part, thirty parcels are valued, divided into two localities and subsequently compared with the purchase price of the individual lands.
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Stevenson, Matthew Daniel. „Skeletal route formation for an express parcel company“. Thesis, Lancaster University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387446.
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Dennison, Fraser. „Analysis of PSC Formation using Parcel Temperature Histories“. Thesis, University of Canterbury. Physics and Astronomy, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7872.
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Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCs) are composed of H₂SO₄/HNO₃/H₂O aerosols called supercooled ternary solution (STS), solid nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) particles and ice particles. These clouds require the low temperatures found in the polar regions of the lower stratosphere to occur. PSCs are important due to the critical role they play in the destruction of ozone over the poles. The role of PSCs in ozone destruction has been understood since the 1980’s however the mechanisms involved in PSC formation, particularly NAT formation, is still not well understood. Typically formation of PSCs in climate models is handled by using a temperature threshold as a proxy. A commonly used threshold is the equilibrium temperature for the existence of NAT, TNAT ; however when the area with temperatures below TNAT are compared with observations of PSC it is found that this measure significantly over-estimates the abundance of PSC.
This research uses back trajectories stemming from the site of PSC observations to investigate the effect that the temperature history has on PSC formation. The trajectories are calculated using a simple Lagrangian model on an isentropic surface. The observational PSC data is obtained from the CALIOP (Cloud Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization) instrument, which is from the CALIPSO (Cloud Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations) mission launched in 2006. The CALIOP data used in this research is taken from the June to September period from the years 2007-10 and for latitudes between -55° and -82°S, and totals in excess of 7 million individual measurement profiles, a four day back trajectory is calculated for each observation along the 450 K isentropic level. Temperature and wind data is from the MERRA (Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications) reanalysis and H₂O and HNO₃ concentrations (required for calculating equilibrium temperatures) are from Earth
Observing System (EOS) Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) version 3.3.
It was found that different PSC types had different characteristics in their temperature histories. The mean temperature history associated with ice observations cooled by
around 3 K over the previous 24 hours to slightly below the water ice frost point at the time of observation. However, in trajectories associated with the presence of NAT the temperature has on average stayed 4-5 K below TNAT for the entire four days of the trajectory. Based on these findings and theories of PSC formation, a system for predicting PSC occurrence based on the temperature histories is proposed. This system provides a better approximation for the total extent of PSC occurrence than the TNAT threshold. The average area covered by PSC on the 450 K level over the period examined
as observed by CALIOP was 7.6 million km² while the area predicted by the temperature histories was 8.6 million km² as compared to 20.4 million km² with temperatures below TNAT. The average geographical coverage of the different PSC types is reasonably well replicated by the temperature history classification; however, the ability to discriminate between different PSC types based on individual temperature histories is somewhat limited.
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Smith, Austin Wade. „Fulfill me now : developments of the urban parcel“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103436.
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Thesis: M. Arch., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2016.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 108-109).
The experience of the urban inhabitant in the NOW, is a persistent crisis of time management. In the era of accelerated ecommerce, NOWness fulfills and entangles us further with every synaptic push of an Amazon dash button. Our desire increasingly relies upon a vast, networked engine of tightly coupled information management and material handling, promising to move physical stuff through congested cities with the speed and fluidity of data and capital. Once consolidated and remote, this infrastructure must increasingly make contact with our daily lives, and the frictions therein, to ensure customer satisfaction NOW. Our patience contracts. Time intervals diminish. All mail becomes media mail, and the city is further rationalized into a dynamic field of moving parcels / packets. At work, is a fundamental redefinition of the basic spatial units of urban life within the space-time rubric of NOW; one predicated on a smoothness of mobility and logistics. New hybrid typologies of temporal infrastructure will mediate material culture, and operate as social condensers to a public which lives, works, and consumes everywhere, and in the NOW. In the process, the egosphere is disaggregated into the urban; segmented into the functional voxels of our mobile life. These Parcels, the components of our urban time / life-support, the requisite volumes of storage, pickup, sharing, consumption and hygiene, proliferate and coalesce at the intersections of distribution networks all for the sake of efficiency. Here, we are enacting a strange form of commons, building cities at scale, NOW.
by Austin Wade Smith.
M. Arch.
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Scott, Martin John James. „Parcel : feature subset selection in variable cost domains“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624205.
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Vialle, Stéphane. „Parcel-1 : un langage parallele d'acteurs autonomes synchrones“. Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA112206.
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Les machines paralleles mimd sont potentiellement tres puissantes, mais restent souvent difficiles a programmer efficacement. Les langages paralleles disponibles sur ces machines sont souvent des extensions de langages sequentiels classiques, qui laissent la gestion du parallelisme au programmeur. Parcel-1 est un langage parallele destine aux architectures mimd, qui suit un modele de calcul de type acteur. Il masque l'architecture reelle, prend en charge une partie des problemes de synchronisation et de communication, et fournit un formalisme adapte a l'implantation de problemes d'intelligence artificielle (ia) et de connexionnisme. A ce jour parcel-1 est implante sur trois architectures paralleles: reseaux de transputers, paragon, et cray-t3d, ainsi que sur des architectures sequentielles. Parcel-1 a ete teste et optimise sur un ensemble de programmes de calculs intensifs et d'exploration d'arbre, representant les noyaux de futures applications. De bonnes performances ont ete mesurees sur differentes architectures paralleles, dont un cray-t3d a 256 processeurs. Enfin, de petites applications ont ete implantees pour eprouver la semantique de parcel-1
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Bakke, Olaf Andreas. „Tamanho e forma ótimos de parcelas em delineamentos experimentais“. Universidade de São Paulo, 1988. http://teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11134/tde-20181127-160559/.
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Há situações onde se constata que os artigos e publicações sobre determinado assunto apresentam embasamento teórico tão resumido que não permite, à primeira vista, uma decisão segura a respeito dos seus méritos teóricos. No caso específico da bibliografia sobre métodos de determinação de tamanho e forma ótimos de parcelas experimentais, este problema é bastante comum. Seis dentre os métodos mais usados foram abo dados com o objetivo de esclarecer e tornar mais acessível à teoria na qual se baseiam. A abordagem de cada método consistiu numa descrição geral, ressaltando as vantagens e desvantagens, explicando os seus aspectos teóricos, seguida da resolução de exemplo ilustrativo, finalizando com comentários adicionais a seu respeito e comparação com os demais métodos. O método da máxima curvatura, de origem mais remota, necessita de um ensaio em branco, sendo indicado para os casos em que a unidade básica do ensaio é algo natural, não convencionada arbitrariamente (FEDERER, 1955), servindo mais como auxiliar aos outros métodos. O método de SMITH (1938), o mais usado, se baseia na relação empírica da variância (Vx ) entre parcelas de tamanho x reduzida à área unitária e o tamanho (x) de parcela, através da formula: Vx=V1/,sup>b, onde: V1 é Vx para x=1 b = coeficiente de heterogeneidade do solo. O estimador original para b foi melhorado, sendo preterido por aquele da metodologia proposta por HATREWAY e WILLIAMS (1958). Este método aproveita dados provenientes de ensaios em branco e de experimentos em parcelas subdivididas ou em reticulado quadrado (KOCH & RIGNEY, 1951). o tamanho ótimo de parcela é obtido através da formula: xótimo= b/1-b . K1/K2 , onde K1 e K2 , se originam de custos do tipo: C= K1 + K2 X. O método da máxima curvatura modificado se baseia na função: CVx = a/xb, onde CVx = coeficiente de variação a parcelas de tamanho x. a e b são constantes a serem determinados pelo método dos mínimos quadrados ponderado (pelos graus de liberdade a cada CVx). O ponto de máxima curvatura dessa função é determinado e dado por: xcrítico = [a2b2(2b + 1)/(b + 2]1/(2b + 2). O x crítico assim obtido indica o tamanho de parcela que corresponde à maior taxa de variação direcional do coeficiente de variação, servindo de informação auxiliar aos diversos outros métodos de determinação de tamanho e forma ótimos de parcelas experimentais. O método de HATHEWAY (1961) conjuga a fórmula de COCHRAN & COR (1957), de determinação do número de repetições, e a fórmula de SMITH (1938), resultando numa terceira fórmula, de fácil uso, relacionando tamanho de parcela, numero de repetições e precisão desejada, permitindo a escolha da combinação destes três fatores mais conveniente à pesquisa. O método de PIMENTEL GOMES (1984) relaciona o coeficiente de correlação intra-classe (ρ) e a variância da média de cada tratamento determinando a forma da parcela que a minimiza, em função do- numero de linhas e observações por parcela. Fica claro que um método complementa o outro, que a informação de cada um deles se baseia ora em custos, ora na minimização da variância da média de tratamento etc., de modo que a aplicação simultânea de mais de um método, se couber, na determinação do tamanho ótimo da parcela experimental, é altamente recomendável, a fim de que o tamanho realmente adotado atenda, na medida do possível, aos diversos requisitos presentes nos métodos empregados.Six among the most used methods of determination of size and shape of experimental plots were discussed with the intention to make clear the theory the methods is based on, pointing out their advantages and disadvantages, followed by a step-by-step resolution of one or more exercises for each method, finishing with comments about and comparison among them. The maximum curvature method (simple and modified) serves only as a subsidy tothe other methods. SMITH's (1938) method, the most employed of them, considers the costs involved in the research, utilizing data from uniformity trials and split-plot and lattice designs. HATHEWAY's (1961) method combines SMITH's and COCHRAN & COX's formmulas, permiting stablish the most convenient combination of these three factors: plot size, number of repetition and desired precision. PIMENTEL GOMES' (1984) method determines the plot size and shape that minimize the variance of the treatments mean in terms of number of lines and observations per plot associated to the intra-class correlation coefficient. The application of more than one method of determination of plot size and shape, if possible, is recomendable, for the reason that the plot size actually used attend the requirements of the various methods simultaneously
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Borges, Paulo Roberto. „Estudos da parcela de resistência lateral em estacas escavadas“. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2004. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/9671.
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Esta dissertação de mestrado estudou o comportamento da parcela referente à resistência lateral, medido ao longo do fuste em 4 estacas escavadas com trado mecani- zado e sem o uso de lama bentonítica. O ensaio foi realizado em solo residual maduro com 64% de argila, 33% areia e 3% de silte em média. O campo experimental II se lo- caliza próximo à fábrica de manilhas da Universidade Federal de Viçosa no campus da instituição. Foram realizadas provas de carga com carregamento lento, em 4 estacas escavadas com instrumentação, verificando-se a parcela de carga absorvida pela resis- tência lateral de cada estaca. São apresentados também o perfil geológico-geotécnico, resultante de investigação realizada através dos ensaios: SPT, SPT-T, PMT, DMT e ensaios de laboratório, tais como: granulometria conjunta, limites de Atterberg, massa específica dos sólidos e ensaios triaxiais. E os dados obtidos foram comparados com os métodos de cálculo de capacidade de carga utilizados correntemente.
This work studied the behavior of the parcel of lateral strength, measured on 4 mecchanically excavated piles without the usage of Bentonite mud. The tests were carried out in a mature residual soil composed by 64% of clay, 33% of sand and 3% silt. The study took place at the Experimental Field II, located at the campus of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Load tests, with slow loading, verifying the parcel of load absorbed by the lateral strength of each four piles were realized. Also a number of field tests (PMT, DMT, SPT and SPT-T) and laboratory tests (triaxial compression, particle size analysis, consistency limits, density of soil particles) are reported. The results were compared with current load capacity calculation methods.
Não foi loocalizado o cpf do autor.
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Cagnard, Paul-Jean. „ParCel-2 : un modèle de programmation parallèle, cellulaire, hiérarchique /“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=2329.
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Lavezo, André. „Tamanho de parcela e número de repetições em aveia branca“. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11629.
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The study aimed to determine the optimum plot size (Xo) and the number of repetitions to evaluate fresh mass (FM), dry matter (DM) and grain yield (PROD) of oat and check the variability of Xo between cultivars and sowing dates. For this, were evaluated four cultivars (URS Charrua, URS Taura, URS Estampa and URS Corona) in three sowing times (time 1 – 04/28/2014, time 2 – 5/28/2014 and then 3 – 07/14/2014) in 96 trials uniformity of 3 × 3 m for the determination of Xo in FM and DM variables. The determination of Xo for PROD was necessary 32 uniformity of 3m × 3m tests, eight with each cultivar (URS Charrua, URS Taura, URS Estampa and URS Corona). At flowering were collected plants of tests to obtain FM and DM and heavy, obtaining FM, which were later submitted in air circulation oven forced 65 ± 3°C for 48 hours, after obtained by weighing the DM. At the end of oat crop cycle (the grain ripening stage) grains were collected for determination of PROD (kg ha-1). The optimum plot size (Xo) was determined by the method of maximum curvature of the model coefficient of variation and mean comparison between the evaluation periods and cultivars for the measurement of FM and DM, and among cultivars for measurement of PROD, were compared by the Scott Knott test by bootstrap analysis. In oat, there is variability of Xo among cultivars and sowing dates. For the four cultivars in the three sowing dates, Xo 1.66 m2 and 1.73 m2 they are suitable to assess FM and DM, respectively. Four replications to evaluate up to 50 treatments in a completely randomized designs and random blocks are sufficient for differences between average of 44.75% of the average experiment treatments are significant, by Tukey test (p = 0.05) the variables FM and DM. The Xo of 1,57m2 is sufficient to assess PROD in oat these four cultivars. To assess PROD with up to 50 treatments, the DIC and DBA, four replications are sufficient for differences between average of 40.53% of the average experiment treatments are significant, by Tukey test at 5% probability.O trabalho teve como objetivo determinar o tamanho ótimo de parcela (Xo) e o número de repetições para avaliar massa fresca (MF), massa seca (MS) e produtividade de grãos (PROD) de aveia branca e verificar a variabilidade de Xo entre cultivares e épocas de semeadura. Para isto, foram avaliadas quatro cultivares (URS Charrua, URS Taura, URS Estampa e URS Corona), em três épocas de semeadura (época 1 - 28/04/2014, época 2 - 28/05/2014 e época 3 - 14/07/2014), em 96 ensaios de uniformidade de 3×3 m para a determinação do Xo nas variáveis MF e MS. Para a determinação do Xo para PROD foram necessários 32 ensaios de uniformidade de 3m×3m, sendo oito com cada cultivar (URS Charrua, URS Taura, URS Estampa e URS Corona). No florescimento foram coletadas as plantas dos ensaios destinados a obtenção de MF e MS e pesadas, obtendo a MF, sendo posteriormente submetidas a estufa de circulação de ar forçado 65±3°C, durante 48 horas, para obtenção da MS. Ao final do ciclo de cultivo da aveia (estádio de maturação dos grãos) foram colhidos os grãos para a determinação da PROD (kg ha-1). O tamanho ótimo de parcela (Xo) foi determinado por meio do método da curvatura máxima do modelo do coeficiente de variação e as comparações de médias, entre as épocas de avaliação e cultivares para a mensuração da MV e MS, e entre as cultivares para a mensuração da PROD, foram comparadas pelo teste de Scott Knott via análise de bootstrap. Em aveia branca, há variabilidade de Xo entre as cultivares e as épocas de semeadura. Para as quatro cultivares nas três épocas de semeadura, Xo de 1,66 m2 e 1,73 m2 são adequados para avaliar MF e MS, respectivamente. Quatro repetições, para avaliar até 50 tratamentos, nos delineamentos inteiramente casualizado e blocos ao acaso, são suficientes para que diferenças entre médias de tratamentos de 44,75% da média do experimento sejam significativas, pelo teste de Tukey (p=0,05) nas variáveis MF e MS. O Xo de 1,57m2 é suficiente para avaliar a PROD em aveia branca nessas quatro cultivares. Para avaliar a PROD com até 50 tratamentos, no DIC e DBA, quatro repetições são suficientes para que diferenças entre médias de tratamentos de 40,53% da média do experimento sejam significativas, pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade.
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Souza, Guilherme Henrique Barros de [UNESP]. „Método de modelagem da parcela espacial para o cadastro tridimensional“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100792.
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Os processos de aquisição, armazenamento, processamento e representação dos dados espaciais passaram por grandes mudanças nas ultimas décadas, o que ocasionou novas possibilidades no uso da informação espacial, principalmente com a geração de modelos de objetos tridimensionais. A partir desses modelos é possível entender a dinâmica de alguns fenômenos, possibilitando a definição de estratégias de ação para possíveis intervenções. Nesse sentido, as informações do Cadastro também foram influenciadas por esse processo, o que tem motivado vários pesquisadores verificarem as demandas e impactos sobre o sistema cadastral do chamado Cadastro 3D. Há projetos iniciados na Holanda, Suécia, Noruega, Israel, China e Grécia, cada qual estudando propostas e modelos para adequar as estruturas dos seus sistemas cadastrais para incorporação do dado tridimensional. O objetivo deste trabalho é contribuir com procedimentos adequados para a incorporação da informação 3D ao Cadastro urbano, verificando a estrutura cadastral existente, sobretudo em locais onde não existe um modelo cadastral definido. É proposto um modelo de uso para a parcela espacial utilizando um cilindro e uma nuvem de pontos com atributos. Os experimentos realizados com o uso de dados obtidos a partir de sensores de varredura à LASER em plataforma aérea e terrestre para auxiliar na incorporação da informação tridimensional ao Cadastro mostraram-se satisfatórios, não apenas para uso da nuvem de pontos de atributos para o Cadastro, como da integração das nuvens de pontos de LASER aéreo e terrestre. Para viabilizar os estudos, foram escolhidas áreas teste em São Paulo e Curitiba. No desenvolvimento da tese...
The processes of acquisition, storage, processing and representation of spatial data had a lot of changes in recent decades, which led to new possibilities in the use of spatial information, especially with 3D models generation of objects. From these models is possible to understand the dynamics of some phenomena and to define action strategies for interventions. In this way, the cadastral information also was influenced by this process, which has led many researchers to verify the demands and impacts on the cadastral system of so-called 3D Cadastre. There are projects started in Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, Israel, China and Greece, each studying proposals and models for match the structures of their cadastral systems to incorporating the 3D data. This work aims to contribute to proper procedures for the incorporation of 3D information to the Urban Cadastre from the existing structure, especially in where there isn’t a cadastral model. It is proposed to use a model for the spatial parcel using a square cylinder of revolution and a cloud points with attributes. The experiments with data obtained from LASER scanning sensors (aerial and ground platforms) to assist in the incorporation of 3D information to Cadastre were satisfactory, not only for the use of cloud points... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Souza, Guilherme Henrique Barros de. „Método de modelagem da parcela espacial para o cadastro tridimensional /“. Presidente Prudente : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100792.
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Orientador: Amilton AmorimBanca: João Fernando Custódio da Silva
Banca: Maurício Galo
Banca: Jürgen Philips
Banca: Diogenes Cortijo Costa
Resumo: Os processos de aquisição, armazenamento, processamento e representação dos dados espaciais passaram por grandes mudanças nas ultimas décadas, o que ocasionou novas possibilidades no uso da informação espacial, principalmente com a geração de modelos de objetos tridimensionais. A partir desses modelos é possível entender a dinâmica de alguns fenômenos, possibilitando a definição de estratégias de ação para possíveis intervenções. Nesse sentido, as informações do Cadastro também foram influenciadas por esse processo, o que tem motivado vários pesquisadores verificarem as demandas e impactos sobre o sistema cadastral do chamado Cadastro 3D. Há projetos iniciados na Holanda, Suécia, Noruega, Israel, China e Grécia, cada qual estudando propostas e modelos para adequar as estruturas dos seus sistemas cadastrais para incorporação do dado tridimensional. O objetivo deste trabalho é contribuir com procedimentos adequados para a incorporação da informação 3D ao Cadastro urbano, verificando a estrutura cadastral existente, sobretudo em locais onde não existe um modelo cadastral definido. É proposto um modelo de uso para a parcela espacial utilizando um cilindro e uma nuvem de pontos com atributos. Os experimentos realizados com o uso de dados obtidos a partir de sensores de varredura à LASER em plataforma aérea e terrestre para auxiliar na incorporação da informação tridimensional ao Cadastro mostraram-se satisfatórios, não apenas para uso da nuvem de pontos de atributos para o Cadastro, como da integração das nuvens de pontos de LASER aéreo e terrestre. Para viabilizar os estudos, foram escolhidas áreas teste em São Paulo e Curitiba. No desenvolvimento da tese... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The processes of acquisition, storage, processing and representation of spatial data had a lot of changes in recent decades, which led to new possibilities in the use of spatial information, especially with 3D models generation of objects. From these models is possible to understand the dynamics of some phenomena and to define action strategies for interventions. In this way, the cadastral information also was influenced by this process, which has led many researchers to verify the demands and impacts on the cadastral system of so-called 3D Cadastre. There are projects started in Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, Israel, China and Greece, each studying proposals and models for match the structures of their cadastral systems to incorporating the 3D data. This work aims to contribute to proper procedures for the incorporation of 3D information to the Urban Cadastre from the existing structure, especially in where there isn't a cadastral model. It is proposed to use a model for the spatial parcel using a square cylinder of revolution and a cloud points with attributes. The experiments with data obtained from LASER scanning sensors (aerial and ground platforms) to assist in the incorporation of 3D information to Cadastre were satisfactory, not only for the use of cloud points... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Tufan, Emrah. „Developing A Parcel-based Information System By Object-oriented Approach“. Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1053263/index.pdf.
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The cadastre contains parcel related data which must be up-to-date. The cadastral data in any country constitute a very big dataset. Therefore parcel related data should be carefully managed.
Today, using a database is an effective way of data management. The relational database management system can be a good one for parcel related data. However when the information system concept is considered, just relational database management system is not enough. Some tools are needed in order to manipulate the data in the relational database management system. Object oriented analysis and design is a good choice to develop these tools.
In this study, a parcel-based information system is developed and it is implemented for Çankaya Municipality. During the development relational database management system is used for attribute data management, and object-oriented analysis and design is used for development of application to manipulate the data in the relational database management system. The cadastral data are separated into two parts and each part is handled separately. The first part is the geographic or spatial data. These data are handled by the help of the MapInfo Professional Version 6.5. The other part is the attributes of these spatial data. For this part, relational database is designed and implemented on Microsoft SQL Server Version 2000. During the development of the relational database, conceptual database design is performed by enhanced entity-relationship (EER) model. Then in the logical design, the conceptual model is mapped into the relational model. After data storage area is created, the application is developed on that data by using principles of object-oriented design and analysis and unified modeling language. By the help of the software developed, the data management can be carried out easily. By this study, a solution is proposed for the cadastral data management problem of the municipalities, and this study is one of the first studies developed for parcel related data using object-oriented approach for municipalities.
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Wurm, Kurt B. „The Integration of Cadastral Base Mapping with Cadastral Parcel Attribution“. Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/WurmKB2003.pdf.
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Curran, Jamie K. „Shipping exchange analysis of outsourced parcel shipping to LTL carriers“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68831.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-32).
There is a large and intricate network of trucks, warehouses, stores, and companies that support the transportation and logistics industries in the United States. Different categories of carriers transport shipments of all sizes by utilizing complex tracking systems. Further, there is a network of brokers, consultants, third-party and fourth party logistics providers who organize and integrate these resources and services to provide transportation solutions for any shipment challenge. Solutions are created by integrating the capabilities of several carriers and other transportation service providers. Based on this integration, this thesis proposes a business model that will leverage the existing transportation network in US to provide a low-cost shipping option for residential shippers. It is concluded that the business model is possible with strong industry expertise and powerful database development.
by Jamie K. Curran.
S.B.
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Pietz, Franz 1983. „Criptografia visual : método de alinhamento automático de parcelas utilizando dispositivos móveis“. [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275550.
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Orientador: Julio Cesar López HernándezDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação
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Resumo: A criptografia visual é um método de compartilhamento de segredos proposto por Naor em Shamir no artigo ''Criptografia Visual'' de 1994. Nele, uma imagem secreta é dividida em um conjunto de parcelas, sendo necessário sobrepor um número mínimo de parcelas para decodificarmos o segredo visualmente, sem nenhum tipo de dispositivo ou cálculo criptográfico; e analisando as parcelas isoladamente, não é possível recuperar nenhuma informação sobre a imagem secreta original. O esquema é considerado seguro e pode ser comparado com as cifras de one-time-pad, também chamadas de cifras perfeitas, devido à dificuldade do atacante obter o segredo ou parte dele. Existem propostas para a utilização de criptografia visual em protocolos de autenticação, como autenticação de transações bancárias e verificação de legitimidade de produtos. Entretanto, esse método possui problemas como definição do segredo recuperado, baixo contraste e desvios de alinhamento, que é o problema mais sensível. Nossa proposta mostra como utilizar um dispositivo móvel, como smartphone ou tablet, para realizar o alinhamento automático de parcelas e auxiliar o usuário no processo de recuperação de segredos encriptados utilizando criptografia visual. Para isso, utilizamos a câmera do dispositivo móvel para torná-lo uma ''transparência'' e técnicas de análise de imagens para localizar uma parcela exibida em um monitor ou impressa na embalagem de um produto, e sobrepô-la com uma parcela presente no dispositivo móvel, permitindo a visualização do segredo recuperado na tela do dispositivo. A utilização de um dispositivo móvel traz vantagens imediatas, como facilidade para a entrega de parcelas no momento da transação, sem necessidade de guardar informação previamente
Abstract: Visual cryptography is a secret sharing method proposed by Naor and Shamir in the paper ''Visual Cryptography'', in 1994. It split a secret image into a set of shares, so that we need to stack a minimum number of shares to visually decode the secret image without the help of hardware or computation, and analyzing the shares alone is not possible to obtain any information about the secret image. The scheme is considered safe and can be compared to the one-time-pad cyphers, also called perfect cyphers, due to the difficulty of an attacker to obtain the secret or part of it. There are proposals to use visual cryptography in authentication protocols, such as in bank transactions and product's legitimacy verification. But these methods have problems with recovered secret's definition, low contrast and misalignment of the shares, which is the most sensitive. Our proposal shows how to use a mobile device, such as smartphone or tablet, to perform automatic alignment of the shares and to assist a user to recover a secret encrypted using visual cryptography. For this, we use the device camera to turn it into a ''transparency'' and image analysis techniques to locate a share that can be displayed on a monitor or printed on the packaging of a product, and overlay it with a second share present on the mobile device, allowing the visualization of the recovered secret on the device's display. Using a mobile device brings immediate advantages, such as easy delivery of shares at the transaction's time, without having to store information in advance
Mestrado
Ciência da Computação
Mestre em Ciência da Computação
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Silva, Tatiele Lacerda da. „Efeitos da parcela salarial sobre a produtividade do trabalho : 1970-2014“. Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2017. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7682.
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The present thesis analyzes the theory of induced technical progress. This theory indicates that in capitalist economies, technical change follows a biased form, saving on the input that is relatively more expensive. The theory is investigated looking at the Granger causal relationship between wage share and labor productivity for 99 countries in the 1980-2014 period. In addition to the total sample, the tests were performed for developed economies and developing economies. The database was organized from the Penn Word Table 9.0. The causality tests indicated that there was a causal relation from the wage share to labor productivity in all groups analyzed. In some cases, a causal relationship from labor productivity to the wage share was also observed. The research shows the relevance of the theory of induced technical progress.
A presente tese analisa a teoria do progresso t?cnico induzido. Essa aponta que nas economias capitalistas, a mudan?a t?cnica segue uma forma viesada, economizando no insumo que ? relativamente mais caro. Com esse objetivo investiga a rela??o de causalidade no sentindo de Granger entre a parcela salarial e a produtividade do trabalho para 99 pa?ses entre 1980 e 2014. Al?m do total da amostra, os testes foram realizados para as economias desenvolvidas e as economias em desenvolvimento. A base de dados foi constitu?da pelas informa??es da Penn Word Table 9.0. Foi utilizado o teste de causalidade de Hurlin para dados em painel. Os testes de causalidade indicaram que houve uma rela??o causal da parcela salarial para a produtividade do trabalho em todos os grupos analisados. Em alguns casos, tamb?m se observou uma rela??o de causalidade da produtividade do trabalho para a parcela salarial. A pesquisa mostra a relev?ncia da teoria do progresso t?cnico induzido.
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Santos, Daniel. „Variabilidade espacial e tamanho de parcela em experimentos com culturas olerícolas“. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5095.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoThe study aimed to test the efficiency of the method Papadakis on increasing the quality of experiments with snap beans, zucchini, peppers and lettuce, and having efficiency, determine how to estimate the covariate and plot size for use in experiments where apply the method. The definition of the form of estimated covariate that provides greater efficiency and calculation method Papadakis plot size adjusted for use in this method were made from the following blank experiments: two experiments with zucchini, lettuce with eight, five-bean pod and two peppers. In experiments with zucchini, pole beans and peppers, the variable was the weight of fruits and lettuce in experiments with variable mass was fresh shoot. The effectiveness of the use of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with the covariate estimated by Papadakis was tested from treatment experiments: one with the bell pepper crop, where the variable was the weight of fruit and one with lettuce crop where the variable was the fresh weight of shoots. The use of ANCOVA with the covariate estimated by Papadakis increases the quality of experiments with vegetable crops. The covariate that provides the highest efficiency ANCOVA is that which is determined considering a portion neighboring each side of the reference portion towards the row of plants. The plot size in the crop row, adjusted for method, is 10 plants (2.0 m) for snap beans, five plants (4.5 m) to zucchini, five plants (1.5 m ) for chili, and four plants (1.2 m) for lettuce.
O trabalho teve por objetivo testar a eficiência do método Papadakis no aumento da qualidade de experimentos com feijão-vagem, abobrinha italiana, pimentão e alface e, havendo eficiência, determinar a forma de estimativa da covariável e o tamanho de parcela para uso em experimentos onde se aplicará o método. A definição da forma de estimativa da covariável que proporciona maior eficiência do método Papadakis e o cálculo do tamanho de parcela ajustado para uso no mesmo foram realizados a partir dos seguintes experimentos em branco: dois experimentos com abobrinha italiana, oito com alface, cinco com feijão-vagem e dois com pimentão. Nos experimentos com abobrinha italiana, feijão-vagem e pimentão, a variável foi o peso de frutos e nos experimentos com alface a variável foi massa fresca da parte aérea. A eficácia do uso da análise de covariância (ANCOVA) com a covariável estimada pelo método Papadakis foi testada a partir de experimentos com tratamentos: um com a cultura do pimentão, onde a variável foi o peso de frutos e, um com a cultura da alface, onde a variável foi a massa fresca da parte aérea. O uso de ANCOVA com a covariável estimada pelo método Papadakis aumenta a qualidade de experimentos com culturas olerícolas. A covariável que proporciona a maior eficiência da ANCOVA é aquela que é estimada considerando uma parcela vizinha de cada lado da parcela de referência no sentido da linha de cultivo. O tamanho de parcela na linha de cultivo, ajustado para uso do método, é de 10 plantas (2,0 m) para feijão-vagem, de cinco plantas (4,5 m) para abobrinha italiana, cinco plantas (1,5 m) para pimentão, e de quatro plantas (1,2 m) para alface.
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Ebling, Ângelo Augusto. „Estudo simulativo para amostragem de parcelas permanentes em floresta com araucária“. reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/44272.
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Orientador : Prof. Dr. Sylvio Péllico NettoCoorientador : Drª. Ana Paula Dalla Corte
Coorientador : Drª. Sebastião do Amaral Machado
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal. Defesa: Curitiba, 23/02/2016
Inclui referências: f. 29-32;85-88;118-119;149-150;185-186
Área de concentração
Resumo: Os recursos florestais são fontes de inúmeros benefícios, que podem ser classificados como bens diretos e indiretos. Como bens indiretos, assume-se a regulação ambiental em termos de disponibilidade e quantidade de água, manutenção climática, fixação de carbono, repositório de biodiversidade, além de benefícios culturais e religiosos. Os bens diretos compreendem os recursos madeireiros e não madeireiros. Nesse sentido, são essenciais estudos que possibilitem uma adequada avaliação e quantificação desses bens, entendidos no presente estudo como variáveis quantitativas e fitossociológicas, representadas pelos cálculos e estimativas que envolvem respectivamente: área basal, número de indivíduos arbóreos, volume de madeira, índices de Diversidade Shannon, Equabilidade Pielou, Dominância Simpson além de análises relacionados aos aspectos florísticos e estruturais da floresta. Devido os inventários florestais constituir a melhor alternativa para elucidar as informações quali-quantitativas da floresta, foram realizadas análises diferenciadas para favorecer o entendimento do comportamento das variáveis em relação à área amostrada. Para isso, foram realizadas aplicações de análises referentes ao comportamento de médias, variâncias, correlações de Pearson e Spearman, aplicação de modelos não lineares e de experimentação, considerando um delineamento quadrado latino. Os dados que possibilitaram o desenvolvimento das análises foram oriundos de um inventário florestal contínuo, realizado por um período de 10 anos, com repetição total, na Floresta Nacional (FLONA) de São Francisco de Paula, RS. Foram considerados como indivíduos amostrados, as árvores com diâmetro à altura do peito igual ou superior a 9,5 cm, sendo as alturas juntamente mensuradas e as espécies identificadas botanicamente. A estrutura amostral consistiu de 10 unidades amostrais quadradas com 1 ha cada. Cada unidade é composta de 100 subunidades quadradas, de 100 m², que compuseram a estrutura para as avaliações do comportamento amostral. Como principais resultados, pode-se citar o comportamento diferenciado que cada unidade amostral apresenta para as diferentes varáveis. No entanto, pela análise de variâncias e correlações, observa-se que essas variações são mais evidentes entre unidades amostrais, com maior homogeneidade dentro dessas unidades. Por meio das análises do comportamento de variâncias e da intensidade amostral, observa-se que as variáveis quantitativas demandam maiores áreas para atingir a suficiência amostral, quando comparadas com as variáveis fitossociológicas. Conclui-se que as unidades de 1 ha de área, tradicionalmente usadas no Bioma Mata Atlântica para inventários contínuos, contemplam a representatividade amostral. No entanto, com o objetivo de redução do trabalho despendido nas medições e remedições, um sistema amostral com repetição em rodízio (amostragem com repetição parcial), dividido em dois momentos para coleta de dados amostrais, é sugerido. Como o sistema proposto possibilitou resultados satisfatórios e sem perdas na detecção de espécies para estudos florísticos, quando comparado ao inventário com repetição total, seu emprego pode ser recomendado. Palavras chave: amostragem florestal; inventário florestal; Floresta Ombrófila Mista; manejo florestal; floresta nativa
Abstract: Forest resources are sources of numerous benefits that can be classified as direct and indirect goods. As indirect goods, it is assumed environmental regulation in terms of availability and amount of water, climate maintenance, carbon sequestration, biodiversity repository, as well as cultural and religious benefits. Direct goods include timber and non-timber resources. In this sense, additional studies are essential to enable a proper assessment and quantification of these goods, defined in this study as quantitative and phytosociological variables and represented by the calculations and estimates that involve respectively: basal area, number of individual trees, timber volume, Index of Shannon, Pielou Evenness, Simpson Dominance as well as analyzes related to floristic and structural aspects of the forest. Because forest inventories constitute the best alternative to elucidate the quantitative and phytosociological information of the forest, differentiated analysis to further the understanding of the behavior of variables with respect to sampling area were made. For this, analyzes of applications were made for the average behavior, variance, Pearson and Spearman correlation, application of nonlinear models and experimentation considering a Latin square design. The data that enabled the development of the analysis come from a continuous forest inventory held for a period of 10 years, with full repetition, the National Forest (FLONA) of São Francisco de Paula, RS, Brazil. Sampled individuals were considered, the trees with diameter at breast height less than 9.5 cm, with the heights measured along and the species identified botanically. The sample structure consisted of 10 square sample plots with area 1 ha each. Each unit consists of 100 square subunits, of 100 m², which consisted of the basis for evaluations of the sample behavior. As main results, we can mention the differentiated features of each sample unit for the behavior of the different variables. However, by results of the analysis of variances and correlations, it is observed that these variations are more evident among sampling units, and introducing greater uniformity within those units. Through the analysis of variance of behavior and sampling intensity, it is observed that the quantitative variables require larger areas to achieve the sample sufficiency when compared to phytosociological variables. We conclude that the area of 1 ha units traditionally used in the Atlantic Forest biome for continuous inventories include the sample representativeness. However, in order to reduce the labor demanded for measurements and remeasurements of sample units, a trundle sampling system - TSS (sampling with partial replacement), divided into two moments to collect sample data is suggested. As the proposed system enabled satisfactory results and no loss of species for floristic studies when compared to inventory at full repetition, its use can be recommended. Keywords: forest sampling, forest inventory; Araucaria Forest; forest management; native forest