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Burov, A. A., I. I. Kosenko und V. I. Nikonov. „Spacecraft with Periodic Mass Redistribution: Regular and Chaotic Behaviour“. Nelineinaya Dinamika 18, Nr. 4 (2022): 639–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20537/nd221222.
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The motion of a spacecraft containing a moving massive point in the central field of Newtonian attraction is considered. Within the framework of the so-called “satellite approximation”, the center of mass of the system is assumed to move in an unperturbed elliptical Keplerian orbit. The spacecraft’s dynamics about its center of mass is studied. Conditions under which the spacecraft rotates about a perpendicular to the plane of the orbit uniformly with respect to the true anomaly are found. Such uniform rotations are achieved using a specially selected rule for changing the position of a massive point with respect to the spacecraft. Necessary conditions for these uniform rotations are studied numerically. An analysis of the nonintegrability of a special class of spacecraft’s rotation is carried out using the method of separatrix splitting. Poincaré sections are constructed for certain parameter values. Several linearly stable periodic motions are pointed out and investigated.
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Sukhov, E. A. „Bifurcation Analysis of Periodic Motions Originating from Regular Precessions of a Dynamically Symmetric Satellite“. Nelineinaya Dinamika 15, Nr. 4 (2019): 593–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.20537/nd190419.
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Ming Chen, Ming Chen, Xiangdong Liu Xiangdong Liu, Yuehua Liu Yuehua Liu und Mingwen Zhao Mingwen Zhao. „Characterization of regular periodic surface structure by multi-pulse laser irradiation of a Zinc target“. Chinese Optics Letters 10, Nr. 5 (2012): 051402–51404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201210.051402.
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Wang, W. M., K. P. Rajurkar und K. Akamatsu. „Digital Gap Monitor and Adaptive Integral Control for Auto-Jumping in EDM“. Journal of Engineering for Industry 117, Nr. 2 (01.05.1995): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2803302.
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This paper reports a monitoring and adaptive integral control strategy for EDM to regulate the cycle time of the periodical retraction (jumping) of the tool electrode according to the gap condition. A digital EDM gap monitor has been developed to detect the time ratios of gap states with a resolution of 0.2 μs. The theoretical and experimental analysis of the effect of sensing parameter combinations on control aspects and performance of manual setting, integral control and adaptive integral control methods have been carried out. Experimental verification shows that the proposed system results in higher erosion rate, better machining stability, and complete avoidance of arc damage.
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Švitra, Donatas, und Renata Retkutė. „Dinamic of blood pluripotential stem cell formation processes“. Lietuvos matematikos rinkinys, Nr. II (14.12.1998): 326–33. https://doi.org/10.15388/lmd.1998.37926.
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It has been suspected that periodical haematological deases arise because of abnormalities in the feedback mechanism that regulate blood cell number. It is generally believed that there exist the self maintaiting pluripotential stem cell population (PPSC) capable of producing committed stem cells specialised for the erithroid, myleoid or thromboid cell lines. The production of PPSC is regulated by two types of feedback mechanisms: (1) long range humoral mechanisms; (2) local environmental mechanisms. The property of these feedback mechanisms is the presence of time delays which arise, for example, because of finite cell maturation time. With the help of difference-differential equations the processes of the PPSC production are modeled. The models, which use logistic and Mono lows are linear analised and simulated by computer.
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Bao, Yan Gang, und Xiao Dong Wang. „A Computational Model for Nanoscale Self-Assembly of Monolayer Surfaces“. Solid State Phenomena 121-123 (März 2007): 1033–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.121-123.1033.
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A computational model is proposed to analyze the nanoscale self-assembling phenomenon of monolayers on heterogeneous surfaces. Morse potential is used to describe the pairpotential between molecules or atoms. Minimization of free energy is used to regulate different phases and lattices to form optimized heterogeneous structures of different sizes with periodical patterns. A representative volume element (RVE) is first defined and an optimization algorithm is developed to adjust the positions of particles in it to reduce its potential until global equilibrium is reached. The pair-potential distribution in the monolayer and the substrate layers are studied. It is interesting to observe that the pair-potential distribution in the substrate layers resumes uniformity just a few layers away from the interfacial boundary.
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Ma, Yuchuan, Qiao Wang, Min Ye und Gaoqi Lian. „Robust Control for the Hybrid Energy System of an Electric Loader“. Machines 11, Nr. 4 (04.04.2023): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11040454.
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With the wide application of electric vehicles and the development of battery technology, pure electric construction machinery (PECM) has received more and more attention due to its high efficiency and no pollution. The working conditions of construction machinery are complex and accompanied by periodical working conditions and heavy load. For electric construction machinery, a heavy load represents an energy supply with a large current. To adapt to the working conditions of PECM, this paper proposes a robust controller to regulate the current of the hybrid energy system (HES) which include the battery and supercapacitor. The V-type operating conditions of a 5-ton pure electric loader are the research focus to analyze the working principles of the HES. The topology and energy flow patterns of the HES are proposed and analyzed. The model of the battery, supercapacitor, and DC/DC converter are depicted, and the robust control method is designed. An electric loader experiment platform is created to verify the effectiveness of the robust control method. Compared with the proportional integral control effect, the experiment results show that the proposed control method had good control performance and could better regulate the current. It can be used as a reference value for other dual energy source PECM.
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Yakymiv, Y. V., und O. M. Bortnyak. „ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF OPERATING MODES OF MAIN OIL PIPELINES WITH PERIODICAL PARTIAL OIL DUMPING“. PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Number, Nr. 2(46) (14.12.2018): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2304-7399-2018-2(46)-151-160.
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Modern oil transportation systems are characterized by a complex hydraulic structure and geometric configuration, and often require the need for a permanent or periodic pumping or dumping part of the oil flow. The implementation of such transportation technology necessarily leads to changes in the operating conditions of oil pipelines and in accordance with the need to regulate the operation of oil pumping stations. Consequently, determining the patterns of the impact of the process of dumping the part of the oil on the energy parameters of the operation of oil transportation systems is an extremely important task.The influence of periodic dumping the part of oil on the energy efficiency of the operation of main oil pipelines was studied. The impact of volume of discharges on the consumption of power on pumping oil in the system of the main oil pipeline was analyzed. It has been found that with the increase the volume of discharges, the specific consumption of electricity for oil pumping decreases.Based on the carried research, the recommendations on the selection of reliable, safe and optimal pumping modes in terms of cost of electricity for the operation of oil pipelines "Druzhba" in the direction of Mozyr - Brody - Tukholsky pass with periodical partial oil dumping on LPDS "Brody".
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MohanraoGarud, Aakanksha, und V. G. Bhamre. „A REVIEW PAPER ON STRUCTURAL DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION OF CANTILEVER BEAM BY USING VIBRATION TECHNIQUE, FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS & ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK“. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, Nr. 12 (31.12.2015): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i12.2015.2896.
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In this review paper structural damage identification work in cantilever beam is done by using the Artificial Neural Network as diagnostic parameter. The study is based on the concept that natural frequency is inversely proportional to the mass of the structure. Thus to regulate the proper condition of structure, periodical frequency measurement is necessary. But in dynamic conditions and in complicated structures frequency measurement is difficult, for the same we reviewed various papers to identify the structural damage using various methods. The factors which affects on the damage of structural parts like crack depth, crack location etc. is also discussed in this work. Natural frequency is measured with the help of fast fourier transform by various authors and artificial neural network is also used for identification of the damage in many papers. So in this review work we studied methods of structural damage identification such as vibrations, finite element analysis and artificial neural network.
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Jafroudi, Maryam. „Climate change and accommodation of water availability in transboundary rivers: lessons learned from the Guadiana basin“. Water Policy 20, Nr. 2 (05.01.2018): 203–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2018.178.
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Abstract Historically, states have found it useful to regulate their relationship over their shared water resources via treaties. While treaties provide some element of predictability and certainty with regard to the future supplies of water to the riparian states, they also need to incorporate mechanisms that allow flexibility to respond to changes in the quantity of water available for allocation amongst the parties. This requirement is especially relevant when global climate change is causing freshwater resources to shrink. The legal regime of the Guadiana, as an example of a modern legal regime of a transboundary river, includes some provisions that permit the riparian states to accommodate the variability of the Guadiana's streamflow in response to climate change within the water allocation arrangements. The lessons learned from these provisions, which include periodical update of the historical mean precipitation values, updating the flow regime of the rivers and cancelling minimum flow requirements under special circumstances, may contribute to climate-proofing international transboundary agreements within the catchments where climate-change induced water scarcity poses a major threat.
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Liu, Chao, Chao Zou, Dong Ju Wang und Zai Lin Ge. „Non-Repair Dynamically Balanced Device of Wheel Set in Vehicles“. Advanced Materials Research 510 (April 2012): 431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.510.431.
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In order to make the mass distribution of the wheel set symmetrical about the axis of the wheel axle, which is able to remove the periodical exciter source and many consequences coming from it, including having negative effect on the stationarity and stability during the running of the train, shortening the lifetime of the wheels, bearings and many other parts of the train, design a set of balanced device to regulate the mass center of the wheel set. The set of device collects data by relevant detection devices in order to find the mass distribution condition, and then regulate the circumferential positions of the objects with a certain mass in the tapered groove which can make the mass distribution of the wheel set symmetrical about the axis of the wheel axle. The device has many advantages, such as simplicity, high precision, excellent regulating effects, and, at the same time, conquers the disadvantages of many other ways. For the time being, the means to solve the problem are mainly Adding Weight Method and Removing Weight Method, which both cause physical damage to the wheel. Furthermore, these two methods have a lot of disadvantages, such as low stability, limited effect, limited repairing numbers and high labor strength. The device not only conquers these disadvantages of the two methods, but also has many advantages, and in the future, it can be automatically controlled by microcomputers. Wheel sets are very essential to the running of the train, whose quality has outstanding effect on the safety and quality of the running of the train, especially in the condition that trains run faster and faster, which requires wheel sets to meet higher standards on dynamic balance, especially for new high-speed bogie. Thus, the device has a large economy benefit and society benefit.
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Neroda, Inna. „The Struggle for the Convocation of the Local Council of the Autocephalous Orthodox Church in Poland in the Second Half of the 20–30s of the 20th Century“. Scientific Papers of the Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University. Series: History, Nr. 41 (2022): 96–196. http://dx.doi.org/10.31652/2411-2143-2022-41-96-106.
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The purpose of the article is to observe the peculiarities of the process of the struggle for the convocation of the Local Council of the Autocephalous Orthodox Church in Poland (AOCP) in the second half of the 20−30s of the 20th century, the purpose of which was to regulate its legal and property status. The author analyzed archival documents, materials of the periodical press and publications of that time in which the problems related to the convening of the Local Council of the Autocephalous Orthodox Church in Poland are highlighted. Research methodology. The principles of historicism, objectivity, systematicity and interdisciplinary approach were the methodological basis of the article. General scientific, special-historical and interdisciplinary methods were applied. Each of them was effective in a specific situation and made it possible to reconstruct the processes of the convening of the Local Council of the Autocephalous Orthodox Church in Poland objectively. The scientific novelty of the work is based on the fact that the author found out the peculiarities of struggle for the convening of the Local Council of the Autocephalous Orthodox Church in Poland in the process of analysis of archival documents and periodical press materials of the studied period. The research is based on new source material, which is being introduced into scientific use for the first time. In contrast to previous works, devoted to this topic, the dynamics of changes in the religious policy of both the Polish state and the Roman Catholic Church in relation to the Orthodox Church are more clearly revealed in the article. Conclusions. After the proclamation of autocephaly, the Orthodox Church in Poland needed regulation of its legal status and internal reorganization. Solving these problems was very important to ensure the church and religious needs of the Orthodox community. A number of problems were faced before Orthodoxy. Their solution was depended on the Polish government, the Orthodox hierarchy and religious followers. The interweaving of the interests of these three main factors directed the process of organizational and legal formation of the Autocephalous Orthodox Church in Poland. Ukrainian ambassadors and senators became active in protecting the interests of the Orthodox Church in Poland at the end of the 20−30s of the XX century. They demand to satisfy the needs of the Ukrainian Orthodox people from the stands of the Diet and the Senate in front of church and secular authorities. Created in 1931, the Volyn Ukrainian Union (VUU) and the Association named after Metropolitan Peter Mohyla sought the convening of the Local Council of the Orthodox Church in Poland, which was supposed to regulate its legal and property status. However, on the way to the convocation of the Council, there were obstacles from the Orthodox hierarchy and the Polish government. It never happened but constant pre-conciliar preparations became an impact for the activation of Orthodox followers who asserted the rights of their Church.
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Wu, Xinxing, und Yun Lu. „MENTAL HEALTH STATUS AND EMOTIONAL BEHAVIOR REGULATIONOF SCI-TECH JOURNAL EDITORS AND ITS IMPACT ON JOURNAL QUALITY“. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 25, Supplement_1 (01.07.2022): A110—A111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyac032.148.
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Abstract Background Psychological fatigue is a common psychological phenomenon among college journal editors. Emotion regulation is a process in which individuals use various factors and means to regulate and control their own emotions. Emotion regulation is an activity that serves personal purposes and is conducive to their own survival and development. Emotion regulation is the strategy and means that individuals use to regulate emotions when facing positive and negative emotions. It includes conscious strategies and unconscious emotion regulation mechanisms commonly used by individuals. Emotion regulation plays an important role in mental health. By studying the current situation and causes of psychological fatigue of college journal editors, we can formulate corresponding management countermeasures. This paper analyzes the various psychological pressures existing in the editors of scientific and technological journals, and discusses how to adjust their own psychology. This can reduce the editor's mental illness, promote mental health, and invest in the editor's work with a better mood and abundant energy. Emotion regulation can prevent and eliminate the adverse factors causing psychological fatigue, so as to improve the enthusiasm and creativity of editors and improve the quality of university journals. Subjects and methods On the basis of consulting a large number of relevant literature, this study compiled a questionnaire of emotion regulation style of scientific and technological editors with certain reliability and validity by using open-ended questionnaire. The emotion regulation mode of editors was measured by questionnaire, and the emotion regulation mode of sci-tech journal editors was understood. On this basis, this paper studies the relationship between emotion regulation and the editing quality of scientific and technological journals. 85 editors of sci-tech journals were tested with the symptom Checklist-90 and compared with the Chinese youth norm. After the intervention of emotion regulation, 37 people were randomly selected from the above 85 people, and the editors of scientific and technological journals were investigated by 90 symptom checklist and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Results The incidence of psychological problems of sci-tech journal editors was 15.79%. The incidence of psychological problems of responsible editors was significantly higher than that of General Editors (P <0.05). The five factor scores of somatization, compulsion, interpersonal relationship, depression and anxiety of sci-tech journal editors were significantly higher than the National Youth norm (P < 0.01). The editors of sci-tech periodicals have certain psychological problems, especially the psychological problems of responsible editors, which should be paid attention to by relevant departments and leaders. After the intervention of emotion regulation, the results show that the editor's mental health is good, and the stability of emotion is an important factor affecting his mental health. Therefore, editors of sci-tech journals should be good at controlling their emotions and maintaining their psychological integrity when facing various pressures. In the face of positive emotions, the emotional regulation methods used by journal editors from more to less are: emotional sharing, emotional disclosure, emotional maintenance, motivation, restraint and sublimation. The frequency of emotion used by editors is shifted from less emotional experience and less emotional stress to more emotional stress. Journal Editors mainly regulate positive emotions by means of emotional sharing and emotional disclosure, and regulate negative emotions by means of cognitive reappraisal and venting. There are professional, work intensity and gender differences in the emotional regulation of journal editors. There is a positive correlation between emotional sharing, motivation, restraint, emotional maintenance, emotional disclosure, distraction and cognitive reappraisal in positive emotion regulation and life satisfaction. However, there is a negative correlation between the ways of regulating the sublimation of positive emotions, the venting of negative emotions, depression, experiencing pain and relaxation and life satisfaction. Among the twelve emotion regulation factors that predict life satisfaction, the factors of positive emotion regulation and negative emotion regulation, such as venting, depression and experiencing pain, have significant predictive power on life satisfaction. Conclusion The psychological health and emotional stability of sci-tech journal editors are related to the quality of journal editors. Correct emotion regulation and guidance can dispel the editor's psychological fatigue and promote his emotional stability. The emotional stability of sci-tech periodical editors can improve the editing quality of sci-tech periodicals. Therefore, the competent department of sci-tech periodicals should pay attention to the mental health status of periodical editors, eliminate psychological fatigue and stabilize their emotions through psychological intervention.
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Xu, Ying, Wuyin Jin und Jun Ma. „Emergence and robustness of target waves in a neuronal network“. International Journal of Modern Physics B 29, Nr. 23 (17.09.2015): 1550164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979215501647.
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Target waves in excitable media such as neuronal network can regulate the spatial distribution and orderliness as a continuous pacemaker. Three different schemes are used to develop stable target wave in the network, and the potential mechanism for emergence of target waves in the excitable media is investigated. For example, a local pacing driven by external periodical forcing can generate stable target wave in the excitable media, furthermore, heterogeneity and local feedback under self-feedback coupling are also effective to generate continuous target wave as well. To discern the difference of these target waves, a statistical synchronization factor is defined by using mean field theory and artificial defects are introduced into the network to block the target wave, thus the robustness of these target waves could be detected. However, these target waves developed from the above mentioned schemes show different robustness to the blocking from artificial defects. A regular network of Hindmarsh–Rose neurons is designed in a two-dimensional square array, target waves are induced by using three different ways, and then some artificial defects, which are associated with anatomical defects, are set in the network to detect the effect of defects blocking on the travelling waves. It confirms that the robustness of target waves to defects blocking depends on the intrinsic properties (ways to generate target wave) of target waves.
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Kemarskaya, Irina N. „TV Show Dramaturgy as an Analogue of the Audiovisual Syntax“. RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 26, Nr. 1 (15.12.2021): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2021-26-1-99-106.
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The dramaturgy of a television work as structure-forming for the format basis of a television periodical is examined. The purpose of the study is to explain the fundamental features of a TV program as an integral artistic phenomenon, embodied in many variations based on a single format model. The task is to clarify the problem of the effective functioning of syntactic rules in the absence of basic linguistic units, which is characteristic of the audiovisual language of screen shows, that has been actualized by domestic and Western media researchers. A general thesis is put forward about the polymodality of an audiovisual work as a single text, the unfolding of which occurs according to pre-established schemes that regulate the effect of individual elements on the viewer's perception. The dramatic approach is considered in the discourse of the global iconic turn from the verbal culture to the visual culture, there are multi-branch attempts to identify possible basic units of the new combinatorial sign system. Syntactic constructions, defined as a chain of episodes, show signs of fragmentation, mosaicism, intertextuality, and other criteria of postmodern aesthetics. The dualism of screen attractions as aggressively influencing instruments and verbal narrative, their mutual influence and dramatic significance are emphasized. The concepts of syntactic uniformity, the constancy of the syntactic structure chosen for a given format, without the possibility of breaking it in variations of editions are considered.
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Lyakhevich, G. D., V. A. Grechukhin, A. G. Lyakhevich und S. Yu Rozhantsev. „Theoretical Aspects, Experimental Investigations and Efficiency in Concrete Reinforcement by Organic Fibres“. Science & Technique 19, Nr. 3 (05.06.2020): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2020-19-3-215-223.
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Fibre concrete is a composite material reinforced by fibres. Construction of facilities while using concrete reinforced by organic fibres has rather long history. An analytical review of national and international investigations have shown that application of fibre concrete for bridge and tunnel structures significantly improves their physical and mechanical indices and, firstly, their service life. 3D strengthening of fibre concrete fundamentally changes properties of cement stone while ensuring high crack resistance of structures, increasing their resistance to impact and dynamic loads. Changes in volume ratio of various fibres in concrete make it possible to regulate material properties. It permits to increase its tensile strength, corrosion resistance, weather resistance and resistance to periodical moistening-drying and freezing-defrosting processes, and other indices are improved as well. The paper presents the developed technologies and fibre concrete compositions and contains description of manufactured and tested experimental specimens of non-pressure pipes reinforced by polypropylene fibres. The executed investigations have shown that the polypropylene fibres reduce probability of crack initiation and prevent their enlargement and when they are operated they depress growth of cracks and concentration of stresses in the field of macrodefects. Due to introduction of the fibre re-distribution of stresses caused by the process of structure formation has occurred from places of their concentration for the whole concrete volume. The fibre increases concrete resistance to compression and also improves service life of concrete at low temperatures and aggressive reagent action. The polypropylene fibres is expediently to apply for disperse reinforcement of structures working in bending, for example, being used for tunnel liner, bridge structures, concrete non-pressure pipes etc.
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Kulikovskaya, Olha, Alexandr Isayev und Volodymyr Katushkov. „EXPERIENCE IN INFORMATION SUPPORT OF THE STATE ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM OF THE REAL ESTATE CADASTRE IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC“. Urban development and spatial planning, Nr. 80 (30.05.2022): 235–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2022.80.235-247.
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Due to the emergence of modern requirements for providing the necessary information to state authorities and local self-government bodies, interested enterprises, institutions and organizations, as well as citizens in order to regulate land and other relations, determine the amount of land fees and the value of land as part of natural resources, control over the use and protection of land, economic, environmental justification business plans and economic projects there was a need to analyze the practice of organizing geodetic, cartographic and cadastral works abroad on the example of consideration of the history and current state of cartographic and geodetic support, cadastral works on the territory of the Czech Republic. The formulated purpose and objectives of the study led to the use of general scientific approaches, logical laws of drawing conclusions, special methods of cognition. In carrying out the tasks, the research was based on the world experience of using the descriptive method, the historical and typological method based on complex and systematic approaches. The information base of the research was collections of scientific papers, periodical professional publications, Internet resources, regulatory documents. The article describes the choice of effective methods of organizing geodetic, cartographic and cadastral works abroad by the example of considering the history, current state and experience of cadastral works on the territory of the Czech Republic. The practical significance is noted by the target direction of this study for the needs of specialists in the geodetic industry, for land surveyors, for specialists in organizing effective work on methods and methods of collecting spatial data that can provide operational automated receipt of cartographic information with a given accuracy and the necessary amount of information for both the needs of the country and interested users of various industries. The implementation of the geospatial data infrastructure in the republic, which is accessible to everyone on the Internet, is investigated.
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Loskutova, T. A. „Employing “Issue” and “Number” in the enumeration of scientific journal releases: A brief analysis of foreign practice“. Science Editor and Publisher 8, Nr. 2 (25.02.2024): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.24069/sep-23-11.
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Introduction. Publishers of scientific journals use the terms “Issue” and “Number” to denote individual issues of their publications. There are discussions within the professional community of scientific editors about the legitimacy of using one term over the other.Purpose. To analyse the practice of foreign journals regarding the marking of their issues with the terms Issue (Iss.) and Number (No.) to justify a strategy for the correct use of these terms in Russian scientific journals that have English-language or parallel bilingual titles.Materials and Methods. Policies of 130 foreign scientific journals indexed in the international scientometric database Scopus were analysed. All journals are distributed as open-access, are published in different countries, and cover various subject fields. An examination was carried out on the Archive section found on the official websites of the chosen journals, along with their covers and layouts available on these sites, to monitor the practices used in marking the issues.Results and Discussion. It has been found that there is no unification of issue numbering in the global scientific periodical press. The term Issue is frequently used on the websites of scientific journals, while the term Number, or no letter designation at all, is more often used on covers and other layout elements. This trend is characteristic both for the entire sample and for groups of journals grouped by individual features of belonging: to one country, to one language group of countries, to one scientific specialty. The exception is publications of major publishing houses, which use one publishing platform and / or uniform requirements for the journal format (House Style Guide) for all their journals, and thus regulate the numbering of issues.Conclusion. The accumulated international experience can contribute to the development of a unified approach to the presentation of issue numbering in Russian scientific journals and, as a result, to changes in normative documents and methodological recommendations.
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Poks, Małgorzata. „Captive Minds. Norms, Normativities and the Forms of Tragic Protest in Literature and Cultural Practice“. Review of International American Studies 13, Nr. 1 (16.08.2020): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/rias.9623.
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As a foundation and product of grand narratives, norms apply to any and every aspect of individual, communal, and social life. They regulate our behaviors, determine directions in the evolution of arts and philosophies, condition intra- and cross cultural understanding, organize hierarchies. Yet – when transformed into laws – norms become appropriated by dominant discourses and become “truths.” Those in control of language always construe them as “universal” and, as such, “transparent.” The usefulness of norms stems from the fact that they facilitate our orientation in the world. In the long run, however, they are bound to block our imaginative access to alternative ways of living and thinking about reality, thus enslaving our minds in a construction of reality believed to be natural. In a world so determined, dissenting perspectives and pluralities of views threaten to disrupt norms and normativities, along with the order (patriarchal, racist, sexist, ableist, speciesist, etc.) build into them. Benefactors of a normative worldview and average individuals busily trying to fit in police the perimeters of the accepted, disciplining nonconformists, rebels, and nonnormative individualists of every stripe. “Assent — and you are sane,” quipped Emily Dickinson in her well-known poem, “Demur — you’re straightway dangerous — And handled with a Chain —” (209). Notorious for their inimical attitude to repressive majorities, artists, philosophers, academics, and other “marginal” persons have always challenged deified norms. Opening up liberatory perspectives, they have tried to escape mental captivities and imagine the world otherwise: as a place where difference is cherished and where justice reigns. Polish writer Olga Tokarczuk, winner of the 2018 Nobel Prize in literature, imagines an alternative reality whose inhabitants, Heterotopians, constantly suspend commonly held beliefs in order to examine their validity. Passive perception, argues Tokarczuk, “has moral significance. It allows evil to take root” (43). Without a periodical suspension of belief in truths so deeply naturalized that they look like Truth Itself, we become perpetrators of the evil glossed over by narratives whose veracity we take for granted.
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Grechishkina, S. A. „Mechanisms for limiting migration flows in the controversy of members of the US Congress (1920–1921)“. Гуманитарные и юридические исследования 11, Nr. 1 (2024): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37493/2409-1030.2024.1.6.
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Introduction. In the first third of the XX century, the United States continued to experience a strain on domestic political life due to the continued volume of external migration. During this period, the concerned politicians and public figures actively developed measures to regulate migration processes. Since any change in the law is being discussed within the walls of the highest legislative body of the country, an insight into the history of the work of the US Congress is an indispensable condition to analyze an important migration problem. Materials and Methods. Reference to the documents of the US Congress, legislative acts, as well as the periodical press made it possible to analyze the process of developing measures to limit the immigration flow to the United States in the period 1920–1921. The principle of objectivity and the comparative historical method used in the work made it possible to trace differences in the positions of government representatives, analyze arguments in favor of adjusting migration legislation or preserving existing measures. Analysis. The study has specified that the process of discussion and decision-making was influenced by the party affiliation of members of the Congress. At first, Republicans and Democrats from southern states supported the restrictive measures under discussion. However, by 1921, against the background of the economic recession, the opinions of Democrats changed in favor of open support for restrictionism or tacit consent. Results. The reason for the changes in the positions of the Democrats was the reassessment of the electorate of the party since the restrictive vector of policy was set in 1917 and the delayed effect of the electoral process was no longer feasible. In addition, the outspoken lobbying by large entrepreneurs of their interests on the migration issue, including through representatives of the Democratic Party, was openly criticized by society. Consequently, to maintain political weight, the party was forced to reconsider its attitude to the migration issue. The main mechanism of restriction was the quantitative indicator stipulating a quota for each country.
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Memon, Aadil Ahmed, Xiang Fu, Xiao-Yong Fan, Lingyun Xu, Jihua Xiao, Mueed Ur Rahman, Xiaoqi Yang, Yu-Feng Yao, Zixin Deng und Wei Ma. „Substrate DNA Promoting Binding of Mycobacterium tuberculosis MtrA by Facilitating Dimerization and Interpretation of Affinity by Minor Groove Width“. Microorganisms 11, Nr. 10 (07.10.2023): 2505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11102505.
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In order to deepen the understanding of the role and regulation mechanisms of prokaryotic global transcription regulators in complex processes, including virulence, the associations between the affinity and binding sequences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis MtrA have been explored extensively. Analysis of MtrA 294 diversified 26 bp binding sequences revealed that the sequence similarity of fragments was not simply associated with affinity. The unique variation patterns of GC content and periodical and sequential fluctuation of affinity contribution curves were observed along the sequence in this study. Furthermore, docking analysis demonstrated that the structure of the dimer MtrA-DNA (high affinity) was generally consistent with other OmpR family members, while Arg 219 and Gly 220 of the wing domain interacted with the minor groove. The results of the binding box replacement experiment proved that box 2 was essential for binding, which implied the differential roles of the two boxes in the binding process. Furthermore, the results of the substitution of the nucleotide at the 20th and/or 21st positions indicated that the affinity was negatively associated with the value of minor groove width precisely at the 21st position. The dimerization of the unphosphorylated MtrA facilitated by a low-affinity DNA fragment was observed for the first time. However, the proportion of the dimer was associated with the affinity of substrate DNA, which further suggested that the affinity was actually one characteristic of the stability of dimers. Based on the finding of 17 inter-molecule hydrogen bonds identified in the interface of the MtrA dimer, including 8 symmetric complementary ones in the conserved α4-β5-α5 face, we propose that hydrogen bonds should be considered just as important as salt bridges and the hydrophobic patch in the dimerization. Our comprehensive study on a large number of binding fragments with quantitative affinity values provided new insight into the molecular mechanism of dimerization, binding specificity and affinity determination of MtrA and clues for solving the puzzle of how global transcription factors regulate a large quantity of target genes.
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Rukavishnikov, Alexander A. „Solving the Problem of Excess Money Supply During the Post-War Reform of 1947 in the USSR: Methods and Effectiveness“. Economic History 18, Nr. 3 (30.09.2022): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2409-630x.058.018.202203.201-210.
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Introduction. The article identifies and summarizes ways to solve the problem of excess money supply on the eve and during the monetary reform. Evaluation of the effectiveness of solving this problem was carried out using a wide range of criteria (economic, social, propaganda-psychological, international and military-political). In general, in this aspect, the topic has not been previously studied enough. Materials and Methods. The study has been carried out on the materials of the central archives, collections of published documents and statistics, as well as on the data of the central periodical press, works and memoirs of the top Soviet leadership. Taking into account the interdisciplinarity of the topic, a set of methods has been involved: general scientific and special scientific. The main methodological principles of this study are historicism, scientific objectivity, consistency, principles of dialectics. Results. In the course of the study, the issue of the post-war reduction in the money supply and putting money circulation in order has been characterized. When considering the implementation of the monetary reform, the desire of the state to be able to strengthen control over the movement of cash in new money has been traced. The solvent demand of the population was limited, which in turn allowed the state to more easily ensure the saturation of the consumer market. Carrying out the exchange of money, together with the abolition of the card system and the reduction in retail prices, mitigated the negative social effect from the loss of part of the savings by the population. Discussion and Conclusion. Before the monetary reform, measures were taken to withdraw money from circulation. As a result of the reform, the cash supply decreased by more than three times. It can be seen from the survey data that, having carried out exchange measures, the state was in no hurry to immediately issue a sufficient amount of new money into circulation, leaving room for maneuver to regulate the volume of money supply. Despite the obvious confiscatory and contradictory nature of the monetary reform, it can be stated that its main financial and economic goal was achieved – it was possible to successfully solve the problem of post-war stabilization of monetary circulation and ensure the transition to a stable peaceful economy.
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Benkunskas, Valdas. „PSICHIKOS SUTRIKIMŲ TURINČIŲ ASMENŲ PRIVERSTINIO HOSPITALIZAVIMO TEISINIO REGULIAVIMO YPATUMAI“. Sveikatos mokslai 23, Nr. 6 (21.12.2013): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5200/sm-hs.2013.127.
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The article analyzes peculiarities of legal regulation of involuntary hospitalization of people with mental disorders in the context of Lithuania and other states. The analysis is based on jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights and, especially, the criteria of legal involuntary hospitalization framed in the case Winterwerp v. Netherlands in 1979. Article 5 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms anchors that no one can be deprived of freedom, unless (among other cases) in case when “mentally ill” persons are detained. The judgement in the case Winterwerp v. Netherlands was the first to frame the three criteria, based on which it is stated that a person can be legally hospitalized by force under the Section (e) Part 1 Article 5 of the Convention. The first criterion is identification of the objective medical information on the impairment of mental health of a person. The criterion requires duly averment of that the person is “mentally ill” (has a mental disorder). If the event of mental disorder is confirmed, there is a formal possibility (in case of the aggregate of all preconditions) to hospitalize such person by force thus restricting his/her freedom and personal immunity and if, on the contrary, the fact of mental disorder is not confirmed, the person cannot formally be considered “mentally ill” or be hospitalized by force. The second criterion is gravity of a mental disorder, which means exacerbation of mental health of a person to the extent justifying the necessity to isolate the person by force. The precedent law of the ECHR directly relates gravity of a mental disorder to signs of hazard at self and others. Legal acts usually do not regulate the signs, based on which one could assess hazard of actions of a person. The duty to prove gravity of exacerbation of mental condition of a person, i.e. hazard of his/her actions, falls on psychiatrists. The third criterion guarantees restoration of the personal right for freedom in case restriction of such freedom becomes disproportionate to gravity of exacerbation of mental health of the person. A person hospitalized by force can be kept in a medical institution by force as long as his/her mental disorder and gravity of the mental disorder necessarily requires doing so. The requirement establishes the right for the person hospitalized by force to undergo periodical revisions of legality of such restriction of his/her freedom.
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Polyanina, Olga Anatolyevna. „"One-story" Zemstvo: K. N. Paskhalov's project on the abolition of provincial zemstvo institutions“. Genesis: исторические исследования, Nr. 1 (Januar 2025): 55–64. https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2025.1.73113.
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The subject of the study is the project of one of the leaders of the right-wing movement of pre-revolutionary Russia, K. N. Paskhalov, on the abolition of provincial zemstvo institutions. The main purpose of the work is to evaluate Paskhalov's reforms that took place in the zemstvo —local government system. Based on this goal, the author faced two tasks: 1) to analyze the mechanism of transition to a "one-story" zemstvo developed by Paskhalov; 2) to study the results of the discussion of these ideas in zemstvos and on the pages of the periodical press. Special attention is paid to the legal prerequisites for the formation of the Paskhalov concept. The emphasis is placed on the relevance of this topic, since the arguments of Paskhalov's supporters and opponents may be in demand during the discussion on the territorial organization of local self-government in modern Russia. The methods used in this study include historical and legal ones. Methodological foundations also include the principle of objectivity, the principle of historicism, and the principle of consistency. The scientific novelty of the work consists in comparing Paskhalov's project with the responses to his proposals from the zemstvo authorities and individual municipal figures. According to Paskhalov, the Zemstvo Regulations should have clearly delineated the powers and functions of the two levels of zemstvo self-government. The absence of such standards led to an increase in unproductive expenditures of the provincial zemstvo and to the depletion of county budgets. Paskhalov argued that the county should remain the only territorial unit of local government. The procedure for the transition to a single-level model provided for the gradual transfer of the provincial zemstvo's property and capital into the hands of the counties. In the course of the study, it was found that Paskhalov's project caused quite a large public outcry. In 1909-1910, this topic was discussed at county zemstvo meetings in different regions. Many zemstvo leaders agreed with Paskhalov's theses on the need to reform medical institutions, road and insurance business. Several county zemstvos decided on the need to abolish provincial local government bodies. In 1911, the topic was repeatedly discussed on the pages of the specialized magazine Zemstvo Business. Objecting to the complete transition to a "one-story" zemstvo, the authors of the magazine, at the same time, proposed a number of specific measures to regulate the relationship between provincial and county zemstvos.
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Snipe, Arta. „Prasījuma tiesību noilgums zemes likumiskajā (piespiedu) nomā“. SOCRATES. Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes Juridiskās fakultātes elektroniskais juridisko zinātnisko rakstu žurnāls / Rīga Stradiņš University Faculty of Law Electronic Scientific Journal of Law 1, Nr. 13 (2019): 76–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/socr.13.2019.1.076-095.
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Pēc Latvijas valsts neatkarības atjaunošanas uzsāktajā zemes reformā, atjaunojot bijušajiem īpašniekiem vai viņu mantiniekiem īpašuma tiesības uz zemi, uz kuras padomju varas gados bija uzceltas daudzdzīvokļu dzīvojamās ēkas, likumdevējs radīja pamatu tā saukto dalīto īpašumu pastāvēšanai, pieņemot lēmumu zemes un ēkas īpašnieku starpā esošās attiecības regulēt atbilstoši nomas līguma noteikumiem. Šo tiesisko attiecību nodibināšanas pamats ir likums – normas, kas iekļautas likumā “Par zemes reformu Latvijas Republikas pilsētās” un likumā “Par valsts un pašvaldību dzīvojamo māju privatizāciju”. Šā pētījuma mērķis ir izvērtēt dažādo tiesu praksi un dažādos juridiskajā periodikā paustos viedokļus, interpretējot spēkā esošās tiesību normas un judikatūras atziņas, lai identificētu prasījuma tiesību rašanās brīdi, kas ir prasījuma tiesību noilguma tecējuma sākuma brīža noteikšanas priekšnoteikums. Pētījumā ir secināts, ka jānošķir prasījuma tiesības par zemes nomas tiesisko attiecību konstatāciju vai līguma noslēgšanu un prasījuma tiesības par nomas līguma izpildi – nomas maksas samaksu. Pēdējās rodas vien pēc līguma noslēgšanas vai tiesas sprieduma spēkā stāšanās. Šajā brīdī arī sāk tecēt noilgums prasījuma tiesībām, kas izriet no noslēgtā nomas līguma. Tiesību normu interpretācijas un tiesību doktrīnas un judikatūras analīzes rezultātā pētījumā secināts, ka prasījuma tiesības par zemes nomas tiesisko attiecību konstatāciju vai nomas līguma noslēgšanu pret personu, kas veic daudzdzīvokļu ēkas pārvaldīšanu un apsaimniekošanu, zemes īpašniekam rodas no brīža, kad apsaimniekotājs ir pārņēmis konkrētās ēkas pārvaldīšanu, vai no zemes īpašuma tiesību iegūšanas brīža – atkarībā no tā, kas iestājies pēdējais, savukārt prasījuma tiesības par zemes nomas tiesisko attiecību konstatāciju un nomas maksas piedziņu pret atsevišķiem dzīvokļu īpašniekiem zemes īpašniekam ir radušās vien pēc 2015. gada 1. oktobra, kopš likums pieļauj tiešo maksājumu pieprasīšanu par ēkas uzturēšanai nepieciešamajiem pakalpojumiem. After the restoration of the independence of the Republic of Latvia, within the framework of the initiated land reform, the legislature restored property rights of former owners or their heirs to the land which apartment houses were built on during the Soviet times, thus creating the basis for the so-called divided ownership. Legislator made a decision to regulate relationships between landowners and building owners as lease agreement. Although the legal relationship of compulsory land lease is established by law – the norms included in the law “On Land Reform in the Cities of the Republic of Latvia” and the law “On Privatisation of State and Local Government Residential Houses”, there are different opinions as to whether legal relations between the parties could be classified as a legal transaction, or furthermore – as a commercial transaction, and, consequently, whether claims arising from compulsory land lease relations arise from the law or from a transaction. The aim of the research is to identify the moment when the right to claim has been established, which is a prerequisite for establishing the moment when the limitation period of the claim begins. It has been concluded in the research that it is necessary to distinguish between two claims a landowner can have: a claim to establish a legal relationship of land lease (conclude an agreement) and the claim in respect to execution of a concluded lease agreement – payment of the lease fee. The latter arises only after the conclusion of the agreement – either voluntarily or through the court; the limitation period for the claim arising from the concluded lease agreement begins at that moment. The interpretation of legal norms and analysis of legal doctrine and judicature in the research resulted in the conclusion that the claim to bring an action to conclude a land lease contract against the manager of the apartment house rises for the landowner at the moment the manager has taken over the management of the respective house, or at the moment the land property rights were acquired, whichever comes last, while the claim to conclude a land lease contract against individual apartment owners for the landowner arose only after October 1, 2015, when the law allowed to request direct payments from apartment owners for the services required for maintenance of the building.
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Győrig, Előd, Sándor Tatai und Attila Pellinger. „Fészkelő madárfajok az Osli-hanyban 2013-2022 között“. Magyar Vízivad Közlemények, Nr. 37 (01.12.2023): 107–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17242/mvvk_37.07.
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Nesting bird species in Osli-Hany between 2013-2022. Before the drainage of the entire area, Hanság – based on the descriptions of travellers – was a huge swampland with a rich avifauna (FATIO, 1891). Before the habitat reconstruction, the area was predominantly covered with grassland mainly cultivated by mowing, and to a lesser extent with woodland patches. Before the flooding of the area, surface water coverage was absent except for the transitional period following the melting of the winter precipitation, therefore unsuitable for the nesting water birds (SIPOS, 2007). Habitat reconstruction resulted in the colonization by many species, and Osli-Hany became a very important habitat, especially for water birds. As previously shown, fewer species with higher numbers nested in the first years after reconstruction, compared to later years (ARADI & GŐRI, 1997; KOVÁCS, 2010). In ten years, 108 species have been documented to breed, another 15 species potentially breed in Osli-Hany, which is a very high number in such a small area. Presumably, the primary source populations of the inhabitant water bird species are located at Fertő Lake, a Nyirkai-Hany, and lakes of Tóköz, data from the recapture and tracking of marked individuals, as well as the temporal population decrease on these lakes support this hypothesis (PELLINGER & FERENCZI, 2012). Several rare endangered species nest in the area, such as the strictly protected eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca), White-tailed Eagle (Haliaetus albicilla) and Pygmy Cormorant (Microcarbo pygmeus). Black-necked Grebe (Podiceps nigricollis), Garganey (Spatula querquedula) and Avocet (Recurvirostra avosetta) only nested in the first few years after wetland restoration, and a significant decrease in the number of individuals was observed in case of the Black-winged Stilt (Himantopus himantopus) and the Eurasian Coot (Fulica atra). The initial aim of the monitoring started in 2013 was faunistic data collection without a specific focus on gathering information about population trends. However, for some species, data on the size of the breeding population has been published as additional data, and systematic survey focusing on population trends has started from 2022. At the point counting surveys, the highest density and diversity were observed in forest habitat patches (GYŐRIG, 2022). In the spring of 2022, sedge dominated habitats were covered by 50-60 cm deep standing water, providing suitable nesting sites for more generalist species i. e. the Sedge Warbler (Acrocephalus schoenobaenus), Savi’s Warbler (Locustella luscinioides), Reed Bunting (Emberiza schoeniclus) and the Water Rail (Rallus aquaticus), reaching their highest density in that year. Despite the lower relative diversity of sedgelands, nesting water birds prefer such habitats over other grassland habitats, indicating the importance of the provision of water to these areas. Semi-open marshes with sparse emergent vegetation are also ideal breeding habitats for these 4 species that nested with slightly lower but similar density in those habitats. Consequently, flooded areas became an essential habitat not only for water birds, but some passerine species also prefer them as nesting sites. The Eurasian Coot (Fulica atra), a species that also likes flooded areas, reached its highest density here. The goal of habitat reconstructions is to induce the highest biodiversity possible, but due to the species’ different habitat needs, habitat management plans must be optimized especially regarding water conditions. Managing such an area is not an easy task, many factors can make it difficult to operate properly such as climatic changes, invasive species, and in the case of wetlands, water supply and water quality. In the case of Osli-Hany, the water level is affected by the level of Rábca river. The area consists of one big waterbody, making it impossible to regulate parts of the area separately (as in case of Nyirkai-Hany, which is divided into three “cassettes”). However, the northwestern corner of the area could be separated as the water flows to the east through a culvert. If a sluice were placed on this culvert, an 18.5-hectare big area could be managed separately from the rest. A part of the area which is a pasture grazed by domestic Water Buffalo could be flooded several times a year. Periodical drainage of this pasture area would be also necessary to maintain the optimal vegetation length by grazing and mowing. After reducing vegetation, the area could be flooded again for only a three-year period, therefore avoiding the stagnant areas of the wetland could be possible. In this way, species that prefer the first year’s post flooding would also have a regular nesting opportunity. There is no need for such an intervention in most of the area, as many occurrent species prefer stagnant areas. Nevertheless, water level fluctuations may be necessary to maintain adequate water quality and the lower organism community. Osli-Hany has good water quality (LUDÁNYI et al. 2020), for the maintenance it is advisable to adjust water levels according to the seasonal/climatic conditions. Due to the extra water supply at the end of winter, a higher water level would develop in accordance with the climate of the Hanság, which would continuously decrease from the end of May and remain at a lower level until winter or the following spring. A treatment proposal has been formulated to imitate these natural processes (KISS et al., 2020), which can result in the creation of more diverse vegetation structure due to the different water levels kept in balance (TIMMERMANN et al., 2006, TAKÁCS et al., 2007), which is also beneficial for bird fauna (GÁTI et al., 2000, FERENCZI et al., 2009). Our study may serve as a foundation for future monitoring of breeding passerine bird populations in the area as well as model for future wetland restoration plans. In the first 10 years, wetland restoration of the Osli-Hany resulted in breeding of 105 species including many strictly protected and endangered species. Systematic water management of the area with proper timing would be crucial to help the vegetation development of the area. Our future aim is to create even more diverse habitats which may increase the variety of breeding bird community.
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Ducournau, Claire. „Portraits de boxeurs noirs dans des magazines africains illustrés“. Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo 10, Nr. 2 (19.12.2021): 120–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25200/slj.v10.n2.2021.439.
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FR. Cet article propose une analyse transversale de portraits de boxeurs noirs publiés dans des magazines africains de langue française entre 1953 et 1975. En suivant les représentations discursives et visuelles données de ce type de sportif dans deux périodiques illustrés diffusés en Afrique, Bingo (1953-1991) et La Vie africaine (1959-1965), comparées à celles qu’en a proposées au même moment Paris Match, il cherche à montrer, dans une perspective foucaldienne, comment ces dernières sont traversées par des dynamiques de pouvoir plus générales articulant des rapports sociaux de sexe, de race et de classe dans un contexte d’effritement de l’empire colonial français. Examinant les formes et la plasticité des textes et des images mettant en scène des boxeurs américains et africains d’un magazine à l’autre, l’article défend l’hypothèse d’une spécificité et d’une intensité du portrait de boxeur dans ce segment de la presse autour de 1960, avec ses topoï et ses référentiels. Après avoir décrit cet espace de publication périodique diversifié et concurrentiel, il propose une typologie des articles sur la boxe dans lesquels on retrouve, en dépit de leur variété et de leur mélange, des traits réguliers propres au portrait, forme de métagenre situé entre et au-delà des genres journalistiques usuels. La mise en scène médiatique des biographies de ces athlètes subalternisés, débordant la rubrique sportive, permet de donner un sens à des luttes tant pugilistiques que sociopolitiques, dans un contexte d’autonomisation du champ sportif français. Quoiqu’apparaissant comme des symboles de résistance, leurs corps y sont traversés par des dominations de race (sous la plume de bien des journalistes français, le Noir reste l’autre), de genre (quoique ne validant pas toutes les normes de masculinité hégémonique, ces portraits ne bousculent pas l’ordre genré), et de classe (les parcours de ces sportifs issus de milieux sociaux plutôt favorisés n’excluent pas des mécanismes (néo)coloniaux donnent la part belle à leurs entourages blancs).
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EN. This article offers a cross-sectional analysis of portraits of black boxers in African magazines written in French and published between 1953 and 1975. The analysis is based on the study of the discursive and visual representations of the figure of the athlete in two illustrated periodicals distributed in Africa, Bingo (1953-1991) and La Vie africaine (1959-1965). By comparing them with those offered by French magazine Paris Match on the same period of time, the article seeks to demonstrate, from a Foucauldian perspective, how the latter are imbued by more generic power dynamics articulating social relations of gender, race and class, in the context of a crumbling French colonial empire. Examining the forms and the plasticity of texts and images featuring American and African boxers in each magazine, this research argues that portraits of boxers in this segment of the press in the 1960’s formed a specific genre, with its own characteristics, levels of intensity, specific topoi and references. After describing the diverse and competitive market of periodical publishing, we suggest a typology of articles on boxing, which identifies, despite their variety, common strokes specific to the portrait genre. Thus, it constitutes a form of metagenre situated between and beyond the standard journalistic genres. The staging in the media of the lives of these objectified athletes goes beyond the sports section, and heightens both pugilistic and socio-political struggles in the context of the growing importance of the French sports scene internationally. Though appearing as symbols of resistance, their bodies bear the marks of subjection through race (under the pen of many French journalists, the Black man remains “the other”), gender (although not validating all the norms of hegemonic masculinity, these portraits do not challenge the gender order), and class (the fact that most athletes are from well-off families does not exclude the (neo)colonial mechanism which consists in giving more attention than required to their white entourage).
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PT. Este artigo oferece uma análise transversal de retratos de boxeadores negros publicados em revistas africanas de língua francesa entre 1953 e 1975. Seguindo as representações discursivas e visuais desse tipo de atleta em dois periódicos ilustrados distribuídos na África, Bingo (1953-1991) ) e La Vie africaine (1959-1965), em comparação com as propostas ao mesmo tempo por Paris Match, o trabalho procura mostrar, a partir de uma perspectiva foucaultiana, como estas últimas são atravessadas por dinâmicas de poder mais gerais que articulam as relações gênero, raça e classe em um contexto de desmoronamento do império colonial francês. Examinando as formas e a plasticidade de textos e imagens de boxeadores estadunidenses e africanos de uma revista para outra, o artigo defende a hipótese de uma especificidade e de uma intensidade do retrato de um boxeador neste segmento da imprensa por volta de 1960, com seus topoï e suas referências. Depois de ter descrito este espaço diversificado e competitivo de publicação de periódicos, propõe uma tipologia de artigos sobre boxe em que encontramos, apesar da sua variedade e da sua mistura, traços regulares próprios do retrato, uma forma de metagênero situada entre e para além de gêneros jornalísticos habituais. A encenação midiática das biografias desses atletas subalternos, extrapolando a seção de esportes, permite dar sentido às lutas pugilísticas e sociopolíticas, em um contexto de empoderamento do campo esportivo francês. Embora apareçam como símbolos de resistência, seus corpos são atravessados pela dominação racial (para muitos jornalistas franceses, o negro continua sendo o outro), gênero (embora não validem todas as normas da masculinidade hegemônica, esses retratos não perturbam a ordem de gênero), e de classe (os percursos desses atletas de origens sociais bastante privilegiadas não excluem os mecanismos (neo) coloniais que dão lugar de destaque às suas comitivas brancas).
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Stefanenko, Mariia, Mykhailo Fedoriuk, Mykola Mamenko, Marharyta Semenikhina, Tamara K. Nowling, Joshua H. Lipschutz, Oleksandr Maximyuk, Alexander Staruschenko und Oleg Palygin. „PAR1-mediated Non-periodical Synchronized Calcium Oscillations in human Mesangial Cells“. Function, 10.06.2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/function/zqae030.
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Abstract Mesangial cells offer structural support to the glomerular tuft and regulate glomerular capillary flow through their contractile capabilities. These cells undergo phenotypic changes, such as proliferation and mesangial expansion, resulting in abnormal glomerular tuft formation and reduced capillary loops. Such adaptation to the changing environment is commonly associated with various glomerular diseases, including diabetic nephropathy and glomerulonephritis. Thrombin-induced mesangial remodeling was found in diabetic patients, and expression of the corresponding protease-activated receptors (PARs) in the renal mesangium was reported. However, the functional PAR-mediated signaling in mesangial cells was not examined. This study investigated protease-activated mechanisms regulating mesangial cell calcium waves that may play an essential role in the mesangial proliferation or constriction of the arteriolar cells. Our results indicate that coagulation proteases like thrombin induce synchronized oscillations in cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration of mesangial cells. The oscillations required PAR1 GPCRs-related activation, but not a PAR4, and were further mediated presumably through store-operated calcium entry and TRPC3 channel activity. Understanding thrombin signaling pathways and their relation to mesangial cells' contractile or synthetic (proliferative) phenotype may play a role in the development of chronic kidney disease and requires further investigation.
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Zhang, Xing, Hansi Li, Siyuan Feng und Songpeng Su. „The effect of velocity-based training variables on muscle strength: dose-response meta-analysis“. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 17.05.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2095-8254.
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Velocity-based training is an advanced auto-regulation method that uses objective indices to dynamically regulate training loads. However, how to maximize muscle strength with appropriate velocity-based training settings is yet unclear. To fill this gap, we conducted a series of dose-response and subgroup meta-analyses to check the effects of training variables/parameters (including intensity, velocity loss, set, inter-set rest intervals, frequency, period, and program) on muscle strength in velocity-based training. A systematic literature search was performed to identify studies via PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, EBSCO, and Cochrane. One repetition maximum was selected as the outcome to indicate muscle strength. Eventually, twenty-seven studies with 693 trained individuals were included in the analysis. We found that the velocity loss of 15 to 30%, the intensity of 70 to 80%1RM, the set of 3 to 5 per session, the inter-set rest interval of 2 to 4 min, and the period of 7 to 12 weeks could be appropriate settings for developing muscle strength. Three periodical programming models in velocity-based training, including linear programming, undulating programming, and constant programming, were effective for developing muscle strength. Besides, changing periodical programming models around every 9 weeks may help to avoid a training plateau in strength adaption.
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Salminen, Antero. „Aryl hydrocarbon receptor impairs circadian regulation in Alzheimer's disease: Potential impact on glymphatic system dysfunction“. European Journal of Neuroscience, 25.06.2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejn.16450.
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AbstractCircadian clocks maintain diurnal rhythms of sleep–wake cycle of 24 h that regulate not only the metabolism of an organism but also many other periodical processes. There is substantial evidence that circadian regulation is impaired in Alzheimer's disease. Circadian clocks regulate many properties known to be disturbed in Alzheimer's patients, such as the integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) as well as the diurnal glymphatic flow that controls waste clearance from the brain. Interestingly, an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor, that is, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), impairs the function of the core clock proteins and thus could disturb diurnal rhythmicity in the BBB. There is abundant evidence that the activation of AhR signalling inhibits the expression of the major core clock proteins, such as the brain and muscle arnt‐like 1 (BMAL1), clock circadian regulator (CLOCK) and period circadian regulator 1 (PER1) in different experimental models. The expression of AhR is robustly increased in the brains of Alzheimer's patients, and protein level is enriched in astrocytes of the BBB. It seems that AhR signalling inhibits glymphatic flow since it is known that (i) activation of AhR impairs the function of the BBB, which is cooperatively interconnected with the glymphatic system in the brain, and (ii) neuroinflammation and dysbiosis of gut microbiota generate potent activators of AhR, which are able to impair glymphatic flow. I will examine current evidence indicating that activation of AhR signalling could disturb circadian functions of the BBB and impair glymphatic flow and thus be involved in the development of Alzheimer's pathology.
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Vilar Oliveira, Adriano, und Fernando Campos Barbosa. „O ÁLCOOL COMO SINTOMA: UM ESTUDO SOBRE ALCOOLISMO E PSICANÁLISE“. COGNITIONIS Scientific Journal 5, Nr. 2 (10.10.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.38087/2595.8801.168.
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Este artigo tem como objetivo a análise do alcoolismo, tomando como referência o viés psicanalítico de abordagem clínica. Compreende desta forma, a patologia enquanto multifatorial, cujas nuances psico-socio-culturais, sob esse viés, são valorizadas através daquilo que é subjetivo no adicto, protagonizando-o em detrimento de consensos. Na tentativa do indivíduo de preencher vazios existenciais decorrentes da carência primitiva de cuidados maternos ou paternos o álcool se faz agente de homeostase neste processo, cuja subseqüente compulsão se dá como um transtorno de regulagem de tensão interna. A respectiva abordagem desta relação objeto-sujeito no aspecto motriz da patologia é feita a partir de pressupostos teóricos propostos pela psicanálise. A metodologia aplicada neste estudo é a Revisão bibliográfica, aplicando a metodologia da UniLogos: Estudo, Reflexão e Produção. O aporte teorico teve como base consultas a Scielo, Qualis Periodicos e livros que abordam a temática.
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Laroche, Julien, Alice Tomassini, Gualtiero Volpe, Antonio Camurri, Luciano Fadiga und Alessandro D’Ausilio. „Interpersonal sensorimotor communication shapes intrapersonal coordination in a musical ensemble“. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 16 (29.09.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2022.899676.
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Social behaviors rely on the coordination of multiple effectors within one’s own body as well as between the interacting bodies. However, little is known about how coupling at the interpersonal level impacts coordination among body parts at the intrapersonal level, especially in ecological, complex, situations. Here, we perturbed interpersonal sensorimotor communication in violin players of an orchestra and investigated how this impacted musicians’ intrapersonal movements coordination. More precisely, first section violinists were asked to turn their back to the conductor and to face the second section of violinists, who still faced the conductor. Motion capture of head and bow kinematics showed that altering the usual interpersonal coupling scheme increased intrapersonal coordination. Our perturbation also induced smaller yet more complex head movements, which spanned multiple, faster timescales that closely matched the metrical levels of the musical score. Importantly, perturbation differentially increased intrapersonal coordination across these timescales. We interpret this behavioral shift as a sensorimotor strategy that exploits periodical movements to effectively tune sensory processing in time and allows coping with the disruption in the interpersonal coupling scheme. As such, head movements, which are usually deemed to fulfill communicative functions, may possibly be adapted to help regulate own performance in time.
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Tomei, Alexander, Gordana Petrovic und Olivier Simon. „Offline and Online Gambling in a Swiss Emerging-Adult Male Population“. Journal of Gambling Studies, 08.02.2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10899-022-10106-w.
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AbstractFaced with the rapid expansion of the online gambling offer, a growing number of jurisdictions around the world are developing legislation to regulate online gambling. The new Swiss Act on gambling extends legalization of online gambling from already authorized lottery-type to casino-type gambling. In this context, the present study examines offline and online gambling behaviors in emerging-adult males as a particularly at-risk population for gambling addiction. A sample of 1,869 young males completed a questionnaire assessing offline and online gambling behaviors as well as severity of problem gambling. Results show that 62.1% of the respondents were lifetime gamblers while 46.7% were past-year gamblers. Among the latter, 76.4% had gambled only within offline venues, 21.4% had gambled at both offline and online sites, and 2.2% had gambled online only. Furthermore, 17.6% of past-year gamblers were at moderate-risk of developing problem gambling whilst 3.6% were problem gamblers. Association analysis showed that, compared to non-problem gamblers, at-risk and problem gamblers played online at higher rates. These findings contribute to the growing literature on youth gambling behaviors and on offline-online transitions. In the context of the growing online gambling supply, the evolution of youth gambling behaviors should be monitored through periodical assessments.
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Ferreira Pucci, Beatriz Ribeiro, und Leila Janice Maxwell. „EAD: A ESCRITA DE ROTEIROS E ENCONTROS PRESENCIAIS - WRITING GUIDELINE TEXTS FOR DISTANCE LEARNING AND PERIODICAL MEETINGS WITH THE STUDENTS“. Revista Triângulo 3, Nr. 2 (25.02.2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.18554/rt.v3i2.154.
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Nosso objetivo principal é compartilhar nossa experiência ao escrever roteiros de Língua Inglesa, Metodologia do Ensino de Línguas Estrangeiras e Literatura para EAD no Curso de Letras Português-Inglês bem como nossas impressões dos encontros presenciais. Após pesquisas e, com base em nossa própria experiência docente, procuramos desenvolver formas de trabalho que se aproximassem das utilizadas em sala de aula, tanto na escrita dos roteiros, quanto nos encontros presenciais. Acompanhamos a primeira turma de EAD da Universidade de Uberaba (UNIUBE) de 2006 a 2008. A desconfiança inicial sobre a possibilidade de formação de educadores comprometidos com a própria capacitação e formação de seus futuros alunos, deu lugar à esperança de que é possível, sim, crer nessa modalidade de ensino. Vivenciamos resultados semelhantes aos de grupos da modalidade presencial que já nos eram bastante familiares: alunos excelentes com fluência linguística e ótima formação didática, outros regulares com desejo de melhorar seu desempenho e, ainda aqueles com deficiências básicas , não engajados no processo, com falta de comprometimento com sua própria aprendizagem. Tentamos trabalhar na conscientização dos futuros educadores de seu importante papel de participação no processo, focando o desenvolvimento de uma autonomia cada vez mais ampla. A partir de ajustes constantes, acreditamos em melhorias para o futuro dessa modalidade. A aceitação, conhecimento e prática das inúmeras possibilidades existentes no mundo diversificado de hoje, contribuem para nos tornar profissionais mais eficientes, sempre em busca da completude. O enfrentamento de desafios como este é capaz de fazer de nós educadores mais conscientes, mais reflexivos e com um maior grau de criticidade, livres de pré-julgamentos , capazes de inovar, renovar, enfim, de acompanhar a evolução do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, que muito tem ainda a ser desvendado.