Thematische Bibliographien / PiRNA clusters

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „PiRNA clusters“

Autor: Grafiati
Veröffentlicht am 25. Mai 2024
Zuletzt aktualisiert am 25. Juli 2025

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "PiRNA clusters"

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Komarov, Pavel A., Olesya Sokolova, Natalia Akulenko, Emilie Brasset, Silke Jensen, and Alla Kalmykova. "Epigenetic Requirements for Triggering Heterochromatinization and Piwi-Interacting RNA Production from Transgenes in the Drosophila Germline." Cells 9, no. 4 (2020): 922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9040922.

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Transgenes containing a fragment of the I retrotransposon represent a powerful model of piRNA cluster de novo formation in the Drosophila germline. We revealed that the same transgenes located at different genomic loci form piRNA clusters with various capacity of small RNA production. Transgenic piRNA clusters are not established in piRNA pathway mutants. However, in the wild-type context, the endogenous ancestral I-related piRNAs heterochromatinize and convert the I-containing transgenes into piRNA-producing loci. Here, we address how the quantitative level of piRNAs influences the heterochro
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Radion, Elizaveta, Olesya Sokolova, Sergei Ryazansky, Pavel Komarov, Yuri Abramov, and Alla Kalmykova. "The Integrity of piRNA Clusters is Abolished by Insulators in the Drosophila Germline." Genes 10, no. 3 (2019): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10030209.

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Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) control transposable element (TE) activity in the germline. piRNAs are produced from single-stranded precursors transcribed from distinct genomic loci, enriched by TE fragments and termed piRNA clusters. The specific chromatin organization and transcriptional regulation of Drosophila germline-specific piRNA clusters ensure transcription and processing of piRNA precursors. TEs harbour various regulatory elements that could affect piRNA cluster integrity. One of such elements is the suppressor-of-hairy-wing (Su(Hw))-mediated insulator, which is harboured in the ret
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Bespalova, Alina V., Dina A. Kulikova, Elena S. Zelentsova, et al. "Paramutation-Like Behavior of Genic piRNA-Producing Loci in Drosophila virilis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 9 (2025): 4243. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26094243.

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Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) play a crucial role in silencing transposable elements (TEs) in the germ cells of Metazoa by acting as sequence-specific guides. Originating from distinct genomic loci, called piRNA clusters, piRNA can trigger an epigenetic conversion of TE insertions into piRNA clusters by means of a paramutation-like process. However, the variability in piRNA clusters’ capacity to induce such conversions remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated two Drosophila virilis strains with differing capacities to produce piRNAs from the subtelomeric RhoGEF3 and Adar gene loci. We
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Chen, Peiwei, Yicheng Luo, and Alexei A. Aravin. "RDC complex executes a dynamic piRNA program during Drosophila spermatogenesis to safeguard male fertility." PLOS Genetics 17, no. 9 (2021): e1009591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009591.

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piRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that guide the silencing of transposons and other targets in animal gonads. In Drosophila female germline, many piRNA source loci dubbed “piRNA clusters” lack hallmarks of active genes and exploit an alternative path for transcription, which relies on the Rhino-Deadlock-Cutoff (RDC) complex. RDC was thought to be absent in testis, so it remains to date unknown how piRNA cluster transcription is regulated in the male germline. We found that components of RDC complex are expressed in male germ cells during early spermatogenesis, from germline stem cells (GSCs) to
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Assis, Raquel, and Alexey S. Kondrashov. "Rapid repetitive element-mediated expansion of piRNA clusters in mammalian evolution." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106, no. 17 (2009): 7079–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0900523106.

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Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are ≈30 nucleotide noncoding RNAs that may be involved in transposon silencing in mammalian germline cells. Most piRNA sequences are found in a small number of genomic regions referred to as clusters, which range from 1 to hundreds of kilobases. We studied the evolution of 140 rodent piRNA clusters, 103 of which do not overlap protein-coding genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 14 clusters were acquired after rat–mouse divergence and another 44 after rodent–primate divergence. Most clusters originated in a process analogous to the duplication of protein-cod
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Story, Benjamin, Xing Ma, Kazue Ishihara, et al. "Defining the expression of piRNA and transposable elements in Drosophila ovarian germline stem cells and somatic support cells." Life Science Alliance 2, no. 5 (2019): e201800211. http://dx.doi.org/10.26508/lsa.201800211.

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Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are important for repressing transposable elements (TEs) and modulating gene expression in germ cells, thereby maintaining genome stability and germ cell function. Although they are also important for maintaining germline stem cells (GSCs) in the Drosophila ovary by repressing TEs and preventing DNA damage, piRNA expression has not been investigated in GSCs or their early progeny. Here, we show that the canonical piRNA clusters are more active in GSCs and their early progeny than late germ cells and also identify more than 3,000 new piRNA clusters from deep seque
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Iyer, Shantanu S., Yidan Sun, Janine Seyfferth, et al. "The NSL complex is required for piRNA production from telomeric clusters." Life Science Alliance 6, no. 9 (2023): e202302194. http://dx.doi.org/10.26508/lsa.202302194.

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The NSL complex is a transcriptional activator. Germline-specific knockdown of NSL complex subunits NSL1, NSL2, and NSL3 results in reduced piRNA production from a subset of bidirectional piRNA clusters, accompanied by widespread transposon derepression. The piRNAs most transcriptionally affected by NSL2 and NSL1 RNAi map to telomeric piRNA clusters. At the chromatin level, these piRNA clusters also show decreased levels of H3K9me3, HP1a, and Rhino after NSL2 depletion. Using NSL2 ChIP-seq in ovaries, we found that this protein specifically binds promoters of telomeric transposonsHeT-A,TAHRE,
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Wang, Sheng, Xiaohua Lu, Ding Qiu, and Yang Yu. "To export, or not to export: how nuclear export factor variants resolve Piwi's dilemma." Biochemical Society Transactions 49, no. 5 (2021): 2073–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20201171.

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Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) defend animal gonads by guiding PIWI-clade Argonaute proteins to silence transposons. The nuclear Piwi/piRNA complexes confer transcriptional repression of transposons, which is accompanied with heterochromatin formation at target loci. On the other hand, piRNA clusters, genomic loci that transcribe piRNA precursors composed of transposon fragments, are often recognized by piRNAs to define their heterochromatic identity. Therefore, Piwi/piRNA complexes must resolve this conundrum of silencing transposons while allowing the expression of piRNA precursors, at least
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Wang, Jiajia, Yirong Shi, Honghong Zhou, et al. "piRBase: integrating piRNA annotation in all aspects." Nucleic Acids Research 50, no. D1 (2021): D265—D272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab1012.

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Abstract Piwi-interacting RNAs are a type of small noncoding RNA that have various functions. piRBase is a manually curated resource focused on assisting piRNA functional analysis. piRBase release v3.0 is committed to providing more comprehensive piRNA related information. The latest release covers >181 million unique piRNA sequences, including 440 datasets from 44 species. More disease-related piRNAs and piRNA targets have been collected and displayed. The regulatory relationships between piRNAs and targets have been visualized. In addition to the reuse and expansion of the content in
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Kofler, Robert. "piRNA Clusters Need a Minimum Size to Control Transposable Element Invasions." Genome Biology and Evolution 12, no. 5 (2020): 736–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evaa064.

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Abstract piRNA clusters are thought to repress transposable element (TE) activity in mammals and invertebrates. Here, we show that a simple population genetics model reveals a constraint on the size of piRNA clusters: The total size of the piRNA clusters of an organism must exceed 0.2% of a genome to repress TE invasions. Moreover, larger piRNA clusters accounting for up to 3% of the genome may be necessary when populations are small, transposition rates are high, and TE insertions are recessive. If piRNA clusters are too small, the load of deleterious TE insertions that accumulate during a TE
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Dissertationen zum Thema "PiRNA clusters"

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Mouniée, Nolwenn. "Etude de la biologie des clusters de piRNAs chez Drosophila melanogaster en utilisant comme modèle le locus flamenco." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne‎ (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC029/document.

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Les éléments transposables (ETs) sont des séquences d'ADN mobiles retrouvées dans les génomes de toutes les espèces où ils ont été recherchés. Moteurs de l'évolution, ces éléments mobiles, présents en de nombreuses copies dans les génomes, ont joué un rôle majeur dans la dynamique des génomes en engendrant des mutations et des réarrangements chromosomiques.Néanmoins, étant des constituants majeurs des génomes, ils doivent être finement régulés dans le but de préserver l'intégrité génomique, et ainsi de conserver l'équilibre entre variabilité et stabilité des génomes. Afin de protéger l'informa
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Autaa, Julie. "The role of the histone demethylase Kdm3 complex in defining the boundaries of piRNA clusters." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2024SORUS234.pdf.

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Pour préserver l'intégrité du génome de la lignée germinale animale, l'activité des éléments transposables (TE) est régulée par de petits ARN non codants appelés ARN piwi-interacting (piRNAs). Dans les ovaires de Drosophila melanogaster, les piRNAs proviennent de régions hétérochromatiques appelées piRNA clusters. Ces régions présentent un enrichissement en séquences incomplètes de TE et des marques de di- ou tri-méthylation de la lysine 9 sur l'histone 3 (H3K9me2/3), caractéristiques de l'hétérochromatine. Malgré une chromatine condensée, la transcription se produit dans ces régions, facilité
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Chang, Timothy H. "Maelstrom Represses Canonical RNA Polymerase II Transcription in Drosophila Dual-Strand piRNA Clusters." eScholarship@UMMS, 2018. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/978.

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Transposons constitute much of the animal genome. While many transposons are ancient and inactivated, numerous others are intact and must be actively repressed. Uncontrolled transposons can cause genomic instability through DNA damage or mutations and must be carefully silenced in the germline or risk sterility or mutations that are passed on to offspring. In Drosophila melanogaster, 23–30 nt long piRNAs direct transposon silencing by serving as guides for Aubergine, Argonaute3, and Piwi, the three fly PIWI proteins. piRNAs derive from piRNA clusters—large heterochromatic DNA loci comprising t
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Casier, Karine. "Mécanismes d’activation d’un piRNA cluster par des facteurs environnementaux et génétiques chez Drosophila melanogaster." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS282.

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Les éléments transposables (ET) sont des séquences d’ADN mobiles dont l’activité peut être délétère pour l’intégrité du génome. Dans la lignée germinale, l’activité des ET est régulée par les PIWI-Interacting RNA (piRNA), des petits ARN non-codants produits par des séquences spécifiques appelées piRNA clusters. Pour étudier la biologie de ces piRNA clusters, nous utilisons une construction transgénique capable de mimer un piRNA cluster : le cluster BX2. Le laboratoire a montré que BX2 pouvait être activé à chaque génération pour la production de piRNA grâce à l’héritage de piRNA maternels homo
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Le, Thomas Adrien. "Piwi function and piRNA cluster regulation : Drosophila melanogaster." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066688/document.

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Les piRNAs sont une population de petit ARNs très diverse, que l'on retrouve dqns la lignée germinales des animaux pour réprimer les éléments génétiques mobiles : agissant de pair avec les protéines Piwi, ils guident le clivage des transposons actif. Chez la Drosophile, 3 protéines Piwi sont présentes, dont deux d'entre elles, AUB et AGO3, sont cytoplasmique et la dernière, PIWI, est nucléaire cependant son mécanisme d'action reste inconnu. La source principale de piRNAs sont des régions du génome bien particulière, appelé cluster de piRNAs. Cependant, il n'est pas encore connu a ce jour qu'es
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Le, Thomas Adrien. "Piwi function and piRNA cluster regulation : Drosophila melanogaster." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2014PA066688.pdf.

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Les piRNAs sont une population de petit ARNs très diverse, que l'on retrouve dqns la lignée germinales des animaux pour réprimer les éléments génétiques mobiles : agissant de pair avec les protéines Piwi, ils guident le clivage des transposons actif. Chez la Drosophile, 3 protéines Piwi sont présentes, dont deux d'entre elles, AUB et AGO3, sont cytoplasmique et la dernière, PIWI, est nucléaire cependant son mécanisme d'action reste inconnu. La source principale de piRNAs sont des régions du génome bien particulière, appelé cluster de piRNAs. Cependant, il n'est pas encore connu a ce jour qu'es
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Buchteile zum Thema "PiRNA clusters"

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Olovnikov, Ivan, Adrien Le Thomas, and Alexei A. Aravin. "A Framework for piRNA Cluster Manipulation." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Humana Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-694-8_5.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "PiRNA clusters"

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Dennis, Cynthia. "Regulatory properties of piRNA clusters from Drosophila melanogaster." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.89533.

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"The role of the rhino gene in the transcriptional regulation of different piRNA clusters." In Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure/Systems Biology (BGRS/SB-2022) :. Institute of Cytology and Genetics, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/sbb-2022-402.

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