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1

Nellipudi, Jessy, John Brealey, Sonja Klebe, and David Lance. "Atypical Nodular Pulmonary Kappa Light-Chain Deposition." Case Reports in Pathology 2021 (March 10, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5578885.

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We report a case of an incidental positron emission tomography avid right middle lobe lesion which was increasing in size. Due to concerns regarding malignancy, the patient underwent right middle lobectomy. Microscopic examination showed a 12 × 10 × 10 mm poorly circumscribed lesion composed of eosinophilic material. The material labelled strongly for kappa light chains; however, Congo red stain was only weakly positive and without “apple-green” positive birefringence under polarised light. Electron microscopy revealed fibrillar amyloid-like material. The features were those of kappa light-cha
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Vilde, Vladimir, Marc Fourneau, Catherine Charles, et al. "Use of Polarised Light Microscopy to Improve Conservation of Parchment." Studies in Conservation 64, no. 5 (2019): 284–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2019.1579951.

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3

Yavuz, Aykut Evren. "Macroscopic and microscopic order parameters of lyotropic nematic liquid crystals by polarised light microscopy." Phase Transitions 94, no. 3-4 (2021): 236–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01411594.2021.1928666.

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4

Folaranmi, Olaleke Oluwasegun, Kehinde Muibat Ibiyeye, Israel Olayinka Fodeke, Ehigie Joshua Ighodalo, Oladunni Ismail Olayiwola, and Abdulquadri Balogun. "Improvised polarising light microscopy using low-cost linear polarised film sheets: An experience in a low-resource pathology laboratory setting in Nigeria." Journal of Diagnostic and Academic Pathology 1, no. 1 (2024): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jdap.jdap_6_24.

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ABSTRACT Background: Polarizing microscopy is widely used in pathology to demonstrate the deposition of endogenous materials, the presence of anisotropic exogenous in tissue samples and to evaluate materials that demonstrate optical birefringence. Polarizing microscopes are costly and can cost up to several thousands in dollars; a cheaper alternative includes using a regular light microscope with polarizer kits but this may also be out of reach in low-resourced pathology practice. Aims/Objectives The aim is to share our experience with the use of improvised polarizing film to demonstrate biref
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Singhal, Rajnish K., and Balwant Rai. "Remineralization Potential of Three Tooth Pastes on Enamel Caries." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 5 (2017): 664–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2017.090.

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BACKGROUND: Different formulations of dentifrices exist in the market. Usually, single toothpaste is used by all family members including children. There is a big concern of fluoride ingestion with the toothpaste containing high fluoride content in children. Recently, new toothpaste (including toothpaste) with remineralization potential without fluoride content has been formulated.AIM: There is an urgent need to compare remineralization potential of this new formulation with the exiting dentifrices. Therefore, the present study has been undertaken to assess and compare the remineralization pot
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Wilcox, W. Wayne. "Comparison of Scanning Electron Microscopy and Light Microscopy for the Diagnosis of Early Stages of Brown Rot Wood Decay." IAWA Journal 14, no. 3 (1993): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001320.

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As part of a larger study of the microscopical characteristics useful in diagnosing early stages of decay, an opportunity was created to compare the ability of light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to image these features. Although most features could be imaged by both technologies, imaging was much easier in the SEM because it was being used at the low end of its resolution and magnification capability while the LM was near the high end of its limitations. One important feature which could not be imaged in SEM was the earliest attack on the cell walls, a feature which w
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CANHAM, P. B., H. M. FINLAY, J. G. DIXON, D. R. BOUGHNER, and A. CHEN. "Measurements from light and polarised light microscopy of human coronary arteries fixed at distending pressure." Cardiovascular Research 23, no. 11 (1989): 973–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cvr/23.11.973.

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8

Täffner, Ulrike. "Durchlicht-Polarisationsmikroskopie an Hochleistungskeramiken / Transmission Polarised Light Microscopy of High Performance Ceramics." Practical Metallography 38, no. 7 (2001): 346–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pm-2001-380703.

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9

Nitin, Sharma, Bhargava Neha, Agrawal Milind, Yadav Rajendra, Rajshree Dutta Annanya, and Naqvi Sadef. "Comparison of Dentinal Tubule in Primary and Permanent Molar under Transmitted Light, Polarised Light and Scanning Electron Microscope: An in-Vitro Study." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 4 (2022): 536–44. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13838502.

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<strong>Background:</strong>&nbsp;Dentin is considered as a fundamental substrate of restorative dentistry and its physical, chemical &amp; histological properties and characteristics are key determinants of nearly all restorative, preventive and disease processes of the teeth. It is dentinal tubules intrinsic permeability that is responsible for permitting bacterial or chemical substances to diffuse across the dentin and irritate the pulpal and periradicular tissues in both primary &amp; permanent tooth dentin. There is a need for improved understanding of the dentin structure and nature whic
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Jiju, V.S., Mappalakayil Tomy, and K.S. Sasikala. "Medico-Legal Aspects of Microscopic Findings in Drowning." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 11 (2022): 421–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13872096.

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<strong>Background:&nbsp;</strong>In this study we wanted to find out the relevance of microscopic evidence of foreign bodies in lungs in case of drowning and determine the proportion of cases in which diatoms in bone marrow and those in the drowning medium were identical.&nbsp;<strong>Materials and Methods:&nbsp;</strong>This was a descriptive study conducted among 100 cases in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Govt. Medical College, Kottayam.&nbsp;<strong>Results:&nbsp;</strong>Striking feature which was brought out from this study was that when light microscopy found foreign bodies in di
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Mirzaie, Masoud, Guliyev Zaur, Schultz Michael, Schwartz Peter, Addicks Johann Philipp, and Fatehpur Sheila. "Evidence of woven bone formation in carotid artery plaques." Journal of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine 6, no. 1 (2021): 001–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.jccm.1001108.

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Objective: Plaque morphology plays an important prognostic role in the occurrence of cerebrovascular events. Echolucent and heterogeneous plaques, in particular, carry an increased risk of subsequent stroke. Depending on the quality of the plaque echogenicity based on B-mode ultrasound examination, carotid plaques divide into a soft lipid-rich plaque and a hard plaque with calcification. The aim of this study was to investigate structural changes in the basement membrane of different carotid artery plaque types. Patients and methods: Biopsies were taken from 10 male patients (average age; 75 +
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Cluzel, C., L. Blond, P. Fontaine, J. Olive, and S. Laverty. "Foetal and postnatal equine articular cartilage development: magnetic resonance imaging and polarised light microscopy." European Cells and Materials 26 (August 9, 2013): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22203/ecm.v026a03.

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13

Smith, Catherine, and Bronwyn Lowe. "Plants and People: How Plant Collections can Connect Artefacts and Culture." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (July 17, 2018): e28278. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.28278.

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The identification of plant materials used to make artefacts is often problematic due to the changes made to them during processing into textiles, such as retting, dying and stripping. However, the ability to identify these plant materials can provide essential provenance information, as well as information about the lifeways and inter-relationships (such as trade and plant procurement methods) among groups of people. In a New Zealand context, the ability to identify plants used to make Māori textiles reveals the diversity of plants used, the importance of plants in pre-European society, and t
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Dusoulier, L., S. Denis, N. Nutal та ін. "Texturation of YBa2Cu3O7-δ Thick Films by Electrophoretic Deposition under Magnetic Field". Key Engineering Materials 314 (липень 2006): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.314.153.

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YBa2Cu3O7-δ coatings were deposited by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) onto Ni substrates. Particles of different sizes and shapes were used in order to study the influence of the powder microstructure on the film density. Texturation of the thick films was induced by application of a magnetic field during the electrophoretic deposition. X-ray diffraction analysis has clearly shown preferred c-axis alignment of the YBa2Cu3O7-δ films along the direction normal to the substrate surface. Scanning electron microscopy and optical polarised light microscopy were used to characterise the microstruct
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Karannagoda, Nadeeshani, Antanas Spokevicius, Steven Hussey, and Gerd Bossinger. "Microanalytical techniques for phenotyping secondary xylem." IAWA Journal 41, no. 3 (2020): 356–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-bja10034.

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Abstract The products of secondary xylem are of significant biological and commercial importance, and as a result, the biology of secondary growth and how intrinsic and extrinsic factors influence this process have been the subject of intense investigation. Studies into secondary xylem range in scale from the cellular to the forest stand level, with phenotypic analyses often involving the assessment of traits relating to cell morphology and cell wall chemical composition. While numerous techniques are currently available for phenotypic analyses of samples containing abundant amounts of seconda
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Alhadlaq, H. A. "Detecting structural changes in early experimental osteoarthritis of tibial cartilage by microscopic magnetic resonance imaging and polarised light microscopy." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 63, no. 6 (2004): 709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2003.011783.

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17

MacFaul, P. A., A. J. Ratcliffe, M. Támara, and S. Vernon. "On the utility of coupling polarised light microscopy to a solubility assay in drug discovery." MedChemComm 7, no. 6 (2016): 1123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6md00138f.

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18

Rask Møller Frøkiær, Heidi, and Terence E. Warner. "A morphological study of the sulfurisation of digenite to covellite using reflected polarised light microscopy." Solid State Sciences 70 (August 2017): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2017.06.005.

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19

Leitão, M. "Phase transitions of 1,2-cyclohexanediol isomers studied by polarised light microscopy and differential thermal analysis." Thermochimica Acta 378, no. 1-2 (2001): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6031(01)00590-1.

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20

Acevedo Zamora, Marco Andres, and Balz S. Kamber. "Petrographic Microscopy with Ray Tracing and Segmentation from Multi-Angle Polarisation Whole-Slide Images." Minerals 13, no. 2 (2023): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13020156.

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‘Slide scanners’ are rapid optical microscopes equipped with automated and accurate x-y travel stages with virtual z-motion that cannot be rotated. In biomedical microscopic imaging, they are widely deployed to generate whole-slide images (WSI) of tissue samples in various modes of illumination. The availability of WSI has motivated the development of instrument-agnostic advanced image analysis software, helping drug development, pathology, and many other areas of research. Slide scanners are now being modified to enable polarised petrographic microscopy by simulating stage rotation with the a
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21

HAMMES, D. M., and M. PETERNELL. "Reconstruction of 3D grain boundaries from rock thin sections, using an advanced polarised-light microscopy method." Journal of Microscopy 269, no. 1 (2017): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmi.12605.

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22

Galvez, J. "Delayed examination of synovial fluid by ordinary and polarised light microscopy to detect and identify crystals." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 61, no. 5 (2002): 444–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.61.5.444.

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23

Peura, Marko, Martin Müller, Ritva Serimaa, et al. "Structural studies of single wood cell walls by synchrotron X-ray microdiffraction and polarised light microscopy." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 238, no. 1-4 (2005): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2005.06.011.

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24

VECCHIONE, A., M. GOMBOS, P. TEDESCO, and S. PACE. "Fabrication of Neodymium-Based Superconducting Bulk Materials." International Journal of Modern Physics B 14, no. 25n27 (2000): 2670–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979200002752.

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We report on Nd123 bulk samples directionally solidified in air prepared with Ba-rich Nd422 doping brown phase by top seeding growth (TSG). By using this technique, we have fabricated single domain pellets up to 3.5 cm of diameter and 1 cm of thickness. The crystallographic alignment and the texture of samples have been investigated by means of polarised light optical microscopy, scanning electron microscope, supplemented by energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The resulting microstructures have shown Nd 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O 6+d domains, and Nd 4 Ba 2 Cu 2 O 10-d particles'
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Lacarrubba, Francesco, Anna Elisa Verzì, Sebastiano Barresi, and Giuseppe Micali. "Multiple xanthogranulomas in an adult patient: clinical, dermoscopic, reflectance confocal microscopy and histopathological features." BMJ Case Reports 12, no. 7 (2019): e229772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-229772.

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A case of multiple xanthogranulomas located bilaterally on arms, armpits, legs, trunk, abdomen, scalp, neck and plantar surfaces in a 25-year-old man is reported. The patient was evaluated by polarised light dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) that showed peculiar aspects. In particular, dermoscopy showed a homogeneous orange-yellowish hue that is related to the histopathological presence of foamy histiocytes and Touton giant cells; the last typically appeared at RCM as peculiar giant cells surrounded by highly refractive ring due to the cytoplasm rich of lipids. Laboratory in
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Clark, H. W., and W. Jacobson. "Polarised Light Microscopy of Amniotic Fluid: A Rapid Method to Assess Fetal Lung Maturity—a Pilot Study." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 11, no. 5 (1991): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01443619109007766.

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27

Chowdhary, N., and SubbaV V. Reddy. "Dentin comparison in primary and permanent molars under transmitted and polarised light microscopy: An in vitro study." Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 28, no. 3 (2010): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-4388.73793.

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Castellanos-Guzmán, A. G., and O. Jiménez. "Polarised-Light and Electron Microscopy of the Static Domain Structure of Ferroic Mn3B7O13Br Boracite at Room Temperature." Ferroelectrics 482, no. 1 (2015): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00150193.2015.1056700.

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Spiesz, Ewa M., Chavaunne T. Thorpe, Philipp J. Thurner, and Hazel R. C. Screen. "Structure and collagen crimp patterns of functionally distinct equine tendons, revealed by quantitative polarised light microscopy (qPLM)." Acta Biomaterialia 70 (April 2018): 281–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2018.01.034.

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Schuster, Tobias, Subin Damodaran, Karsten Rode, et al. "Quantification of highly oriented nucleating agent in PP-R by IR-microscopy, polarised light microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy." Polymer 55, no. 7 (2014): 1724–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2014.02.031.

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31

Abduh, Setya B. M., Sze Ying Leong, Dominic Agyei, and Indrawati Oey. "Understanding the Properties of Starch in Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum var. Agria) after Being Treated with Pulsed Electric Field Processing." Foods 8, no. 5 (2019): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8050159.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the properties of starch in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum cv. Agria) after being treated with pulsed electric fields (PEF). Potatoes were treated at 50 and 150 kJ/kg specific energies with various electric field strengths of 0, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.1 kV/cm. Distilled water was used as the processing medium. Starches were isolated from potato tissue and from the PEF processing medium. To assess the starch properties, various methods were used, i.e., the birefringence capability using a polarised light microscopy, gelatinisation behaviour using hot-stage
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Vilhalva, Divina A. A., Angelo L. Cortelazzo, A. L. Maria Angela M. Carvalho, and Rita de Cássia L. Figueiredo-Ribeiro. "Histochemistry and ultrastructure of Campuloclinium chlorolepis (Asteraceae) tuberous roots accumulating fructan: evidences of functions other than reserve carbohydrate." Australian Journal of Botany 59, no. 1 (2011): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt10126.

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Campuloclinium chlorolepis (Baker), an herbaceous species of the Cerrado, accumulates inulin-type fructans in the tuberous roots. Plants were collected in the Cerrado and the roots analysed using light and scanning electron microscopy. The presence of fructans was assessed by specific stain reactions and by high performance anion exchange chromatography. Here, we report the localisation of protein, phenols and neutral polysaccharides in the tuberous roots after staining with different dyes generally used in cytochemical analyses. Results showed the presence of fructans inside and outside cells
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Cerri, Emanuela. "An Investigation of Hardness and Microstructure Evolution of Heat Treatable Aluminum Alloys during and after Equal-Channel Angular Pressing." Materials Science Forum 633-634 (November 2009): 333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.633-634.333.

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The influence of severe plastic deformation induced by ECAP on microstructure modification and aging effect was studied in two modified Al-Mg-Si aluminium alloys. The microstructure of both alloys in different heat treated and deformed state was characterised by X-Rays diffraction and polarised light microscopy. The effect of artificial aging was investigated after ECAP performed on samples in the as extruded condition. The aging effect was followed by hardness and electrical conductivity measurements. At higher aging temperature (170°C) the alloys showed an increasing softening with time due
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Macnish, Andrew J., Donald E. Irving, Daryl C. Joyce, et al. "Identification of intracellular calcium oxalate crystals in Chamelaucium uncinatum (Myrtaceae)." Australian Journal of Botany 51, no. 5 (2003): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt03035.

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Intracellular inclusions in the pedicel and calyx-tube tissues of Chamelaucium uncinatum Schauer (Myrtaceae) flowers are irregular in shape. They were shown, by polarised light and scanning electron microscopy, to be birefringent 8.9–29.5 μm druse (i.e. aggregate) crystals. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed that these crystals were predominantly composed of calcium. Histochemical and acid-solubility tests indicated that the crystals were calcium oxalate. Raman microprobe spectroscopy was used to confirm this chemical identity. The calcium oxalate crystals were located in xylem-vessel
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Lizun, Damian, and Teresa Kurkiewicz. "A Characterisation of the Protrusions on Liu Kang’s Boat scene (1974) from the National Gallery Singapore." Heritage 7, no. 6 (2024): 2811–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage7060133.

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This paper investigates the oil on canvas painting Boat scene (1974) by Liu Kang (1911–2004), belonging to the National Gallery Singapore (NGS). The focus is on disfiguring paint protrusions in a specific area and colour in the composition. Moreover, in search of the possible factors responsible for the creation of the protrusions, the structure and composition of the paint layers were determined. Three possible reasons were put forward to explain this phenomenon: deliberate textural effects, the expansion of metal soaps and unintentional paint contamination during the artistic process. Invest
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Matos, L., António Santos Silva, D. Soares, Manuela M. Salta, José Mirão, and António Estevao Candeias. "The Application of Fluorescence Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy in the Detection of Delayed Ettringite Formation in Concrete." Materials Science Forum 636-637 (January 2010): 1266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.636-637.1266.

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The degradation of concrete structures caused by delayed ettringite formation (DEF) is a problem that nowadays affects many concrete structures worldwide. This pathology is due to the formation of an expansive compound – ettringite - inside the material. This is a hydrated calcium sulphoaluminate produced by the chemical reaction between sulphate ions, calcium hydroxide and alumina present in the Portland cement paste. This product, normally formed during the hydration of cement, presents an acicular morphology (needles) that can be observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). However, DEF
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Sirotti, S., M. Gutierrez, C. Pineda, et al. "Accuracy of synovial fluid analysis compared to histology for the identification of calcium pyrophosphate crystals: an ancillary study of the OMERACT US Working Group - CPPD subgroup." Reumatismo 73, no. 2 (2021): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/reumatismo.2021.1403.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of synovial fluid analysis in the identification of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals compared to microscopic analysis of joint tissues as the reference standard. This is an ancillary study of an international, multicentre cross-sectional study performed by the calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) subgroup of the OMERACT Ultrasound working group. Consecutive patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) waiting for total knee replacement surgery were enrolled in the study from 2 participating centres in Mexico and Romania. During th
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Osticioli, Iacopo, Laura Capozzoli, Barbara Salvadori, et al. "The “oro di metà” Gilding in the Fifteenth-Century: A Multi-Analytical Investigation." Heritage 2, no. 2 (2019): 1166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage2020076.

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Few and fragmentary is the information regarding the “oro di metà” (halfway gold) gilding due to the low probability of finding it in paintings as well as its short durability because of tarnishing. However, the very rare, excellent state of conservation of the gilding found in the fifteenth-century wood panel painting of the Master of St. Ivo studied in this work along with a multi-analytical approach allowed shedding light on the structure, the composition and the conservation state of this type of gilding. An Ultra-High Resolution Scanning Electron Microscope (UHR-SEM) along with Energy Dis
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Ji, Min-Ki, Min-Su Lee, Yong-Taek Hyun, and Tea-Sung Jun. "Effects of strain rate on tensile deformation behaviour in Ti-6Al-4V at cryogenic temperature." MATEC Web of Conferences 321 (2020): 06010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032106010.

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In this study, we investigated the effects of strain rate on tensile deformation behaviour in Ti-6Al-4V sheet at cryogenic temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify the crystallographic orientation of rolled Ti-6Al-4V. A series of tensile tests were performed by constant strain rate method (CRS) with variable strain rates (i.e., on the order of 1x10-2 to 10-4•s-1). Liquid nitrogen (LN2) was used to mimic cryogenic environment, and for the thermal equilibrium the specimens were immersed in the vessel containing liquid nitrogen for ~10 minutes before tensile testing, and the temp
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de Visser, S. K., J. C. Bowden, E. Wentrup-Byrne, et al. "Anisotropy of collagen fibre alignment in bovine cartilage: comparison of polarised light microscopy and spatially resolved diffusion-tensor measurements." Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 16, no. 6 (2008): 689–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2007.09.015.

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Beatty, Paula Evelyn, Lisa Killion, Johnny Mc Hugh, and Ann-Marie Tobin. "Spontaneous bilateral peri-orbital purpura: an important clinical sign of primary systemic amyloidosis." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 4 (2021): e239478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-239478.

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A 69-year-old woman presented with an 18-month history of recurrent bruising of the eyelids. She was otherwise asymptomatic and systems review was unremarkable. On examination, she had peri-orbital purpura and waxy papules at the inner canthus of both eyes. Macroglossia was also noted. Subcutaneous abdominal biopsy identified amorphous material in the dermis that stained positive for Congo red, with apple-green birefringence seen under polarised microscopy. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated antibodies against lambda light chains. Bone marrow biopsy identified further deposits of immunoglobulin
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McWilliam, Amy, Claire Marie Cisowski, Robert Bennett, and Sonja Franke-Arnold. "Angular momentum redirection phase of vector beams in a non-planar geometry." Nanophotonics 11, no. 4 (2021): 727–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0528.

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Abstract An electric field propagating along a non-planar path can acquire geometric phases. Previously, geometric phases have been linked to spin redirection and independently to spatial mode transformation, resulting in the rotation of polarisation and intensity profiles, respectively. We investigate the non-planar propagation of scalar and vector light fields and demonstrate that polarisation and intensity profiles rotate by the same angle. The geometric phase acquired is proportional to j = ℓ + σ, where ℓ is the topological charge and σ is the helicity. Radial and azimuthally polarised bea
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Goutianos, S., and T. Peijs. "Fatigue Damage Mechanisms in Carbon-Epoxy Multi-Fibre Model Composites." Advanced Composites Letters 10, no. 1 (2001): 096369350101000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369350101000103.

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Polarised-light microscopy was used to investigate the influence of stress level and fibre/matrix adhesion on the fatigue failure process in carbon-epoxy multi-fibre model composites. It was shown that the fatigue stress has a strong influence on the damage accumulation process in such model composites. Increasing levels of tension-tension fatigue stress resulted in an increase in total number of fibre breaks, stronger fibre-fibre interaction, i.e. fibre failure due to stress concentrations caused by a fractured adjacent fibre, and more interfacial damage. An increase in fibre-matrix adhesion
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Neha, Mittal, and Kumar Anshul. "A Polarised Microscopy Investigation using Two Unique Stains for Collagen Fibres in Oral Submucous Fibrosis." International Journal of Toxicological and Pharmacological Research 12, no. 1 (2022): 142–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12571076.

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<strong>Introduction:&nbsp;</strong>According to research, the main etiological cause of oral submucous fibrosis is areca nut. Epidemiology studies currently being conducted (OSF). Submucosal fibrosis, which affects the majority of the oral cavity, pharynx, and upper third of the oesophagus, is the disease&rsquo;s hallmark. Detecting collagen fibres in tissues has traditionally relied on stains like Van Gieson and various forms of trichromes, which rely on differential binding by tissue. These stains can distinguish between thick and thin fibres under polarisation microscopy and can be utilise
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Foulkes, Andrew, Irina Bolat, Chris Dodds, and David Cook. "Impacts of starch breakdown during germination and stewing on aroma formation in crystal malts." Journal of the Institute of Brewing 130, no. 4 (2024): 221–37. https://doi.org/10.58430/jib.v130i4.60.

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Why was the work done: Crystal malts are used in brewing to add colour, flavour and mouthfeel to beers. In their manufacture, aroma compounds are formed through thermal flavour generation during roasting of stewed green malt. As part of a wider project to generate novel flavour extracts from roasted products, strategies to maximise aroma compounds in crystal malt were investigated. How was the work done: Crystal malts were prepared at laboratory/micro-malting scale using a Box-Behnken experimental design where three parameters were varied: (i) germination time (4-6 days), (ii) stewing time at
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Poulin, Jennifer, Chris Paulocik, and Margaret-Ashley Veall. "Found in the Folds: A Rediscovery of Ancient Egyptian Pleated Textiles and the Analysis of Carbohydrate Coatings." Molecules 27, no. 13 (2022): 4103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27134103.

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Charles T. Currelly, first director of the Royal Ontario Museum, participated in excavations of the tomb of King Nebhepetre, now known as Mentuhotep II, (Dynasty XI) in Deir el-Bahri, Egypt in 1906. He brought to Canada many objects from the excavations, and objects that he purchased while in Egypt; these formed the initial collection of the museum. Among the objects were seven fragments of fine linen cloth with intricate pleat patterns. Recently, the cloths became the subject of a study to learn how they had retained their pleats for 4000 years. Samples were examined and analysed using polari
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Chouhan, Deepak, Vivek Shankar, and Mohammed Tahir Ansari. "Bilateral Kienböck’s disease concomitant with gouty arthritis." BMJ Case Reports 13, no. 3 (2020): e233725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-233725.

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A 38-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of pain and stiffness in the bilateral wrist. The pain in right wrist was disabling and severe enough to restrict the daily life activities. After the evaluation of clinical and radiological features, the patient was diagnosed with Kienböck’s disease Lichtman stage IIIB in the right wrist and stage IIIA in the left wrist. Routine laboratory investigations revealed a serum uric acid 9.27 mg/dL. Lunate excision and scaphocapitate fusion were done in the right wrist after discussing with the patient. The histopathological examinations of tophi in
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Amadori, Maria Letizia, Valeria Mengacci, Mauro Sebastianelli, et al. "New Insight on Medieval Painting in Sicily: The Virgin Hodegetria Panel in Monreale Cathedral (Palermo, Italy)." Heritage 6, no. 6 (2023): 4692–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage6060249.

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The Virgin Hodegetria, located in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Nuova in Monreale, near Palermo (Italy), probably dating the first half of the 13th century, is one of the earliest examples of medieval panel painting in Sicily. A diagnostic campaign was carried out on the panel aiming to identify the constituting materials and the executive technique, as well as to assess the state of conservation for supporting the methodological choice of the restoration intervention. Both non-invasive (X-ray radiography, digital microscope, multispectral imaging, ED-X-ray fluorescence) and micro-invasive (pol
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Amadori, Maria Letizia, Valeria Mengacci, Pierfrancesco Callieri, et al. "Integrated Investigations of Painting Materials in the Sasanian City of Ardaxšīr Khwarrah, near Firuzabad (Southern Iran)." Heritage 7, no. 3 (2024): 1202–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage7030058.

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Ancient Ardaxšīr Khwarrah, today known as Shahr-e Gur, situated near the modern town of Firuzabad in Fars, Iran, holds historical significance as the inaugural capital city of the Sasanian Empire. During archaeological excavations conducted in 2005 by an Iranian–German team directed by Mas‘oud Azarnoush and Dietrich Huff, a mud-brick complex was uncovered, revealing a remarkably well-preserved stretch of wall painting and a polychrome painted floor. The discovery prompted the hypothesis of a potential funerary context dating back to the Sasanian period. Both the wall painting and painted floor
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Adinolfi, A., S. Sirotti, M. Gutierrez, et al. "AB0629 ACCURACY OF SYNOVIAL FLUID ANALYSIS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE CRYSTALS: AN ANCILLARY STUDY OF OMERACT CRITERION VALIDITY STUDY FOR ULTRASOUND IN CPPD." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (2021): 1348.1–1348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.601.

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Background:Synovial fluid analysis (SFA) via compensated polarized light microscopy is still considered the gold standard for the identification and diagnosis of Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition disease (CPPD)-related arthropathies[1], but very few studies have been published about its diagnostic accuracy.Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of SFA in the identification of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPP) crystals compared to microscopic analysis of joint tissues as the reference standard.Methods:This is an ancillary study of an international, multicentre cross-se
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