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1
Petrochilos, Georgios C. „Procedural detachment in international commercial arbitration : the law applicable to arbitral procedure“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:41c82c4d-d708-4cfe-b853-d50e41ea0773.
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This thesis seeks to ascertain the rules of private international law determining the procedural law of international commercial arbitral proceedings. In an Introduction, the author outlines the fundamental notions, introduces the topic and the major doctrines and issues, and sets out his methodology and structure of the work. The thesis examine first, as a preliminary issue, the considerations influencing the assumption of jurisdiction over arbitral proceedings. Chapter 1 discusses the various theories on the lex arbitri (the law supplying the general legal framework of an arbitration) as relevant to the procedural law, and concludes that they are deductive and therefore unable to satisfactorily to determine the applicable procedural law. Chapter 2 analyses major national laws as case-studies of the technique and scope of application of international arbitration law, and suggests a model of legislative and court jurisdiction based on the legal concept of 'seat of the arbitration' and on considerations based on the most appropriate court to control an arbitration. Chapter 3 discusses the obligations of the state of the seat under the European Convention on Human Rights and confirms the findings in Chapter 2. In a second part, the thesis elaborates on the title and extent of permissible municipal law interference. Chapter 4 tests the validity of the propositions derived from Chapters 2 and 3 against arbitral practice and concludes that seldom will arbitrators derogate from the law of the seat. Chapter 5 examines the particular case of arbitrations with states and similar entities. The third part discusses the relevance of compliance with the law of the seat at the stage of enforcement of an award. Chapter 6 deals with the technical issue of whether annulment at the place of making precludes enforcement in other fora. That chapter gives the opportunity to discuss models of separation of international jurisdiction and co-operation between different jurisdictions from a practical perspective. It thus serves as a convenient introduction to Chapter 7, which discusses the more abstract question of the nexus required between an arbitral award and the municipal law of the state of rendition in order for the award to enter, in limine, the scope of application of the international instruments in the field. The thesis ends with Conclusions in the form of model provisions for municipal law and arbitration rules.
2
Chang, Mann-Long. „Harmonisation of procedural law in international commercial arbitration“. Thesis, University of Stirling, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/9931.
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The principle of party autonomy is widely accepted in the practice of international commercial arbitration. However, it still encounters certain limitations in its applications, especially for the fact that the demands of natural justice and the public good cannot be neglected by the parties. The various states in the international system have and operate peculiar systems of mandatory rules and public policies, which tend to impart significantly on the arbitral procedure, thereby creating a situation of discordance of outcomes of arbitration in different countries. For this reason, this writer intends to examine ways by which the various procedural laws can actually be harmonised. This thesis shall therefore focus on the discordances and confusion that often arise in the interacion of the various laws that may be applicable to the arbitral process in International commercial arbitration, as well as ways of achieving a harmonisation of these laws.
3
Choonagh, Satnam Singh. „Procedural fairness at the police station“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359645.
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4
Viera, Arévalo Rafael. „Amparo’s Procedural Aspects“. IUS ET VERITAS, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122901.
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In this article the author seeks to address the general amparoprocess under Peruvian law, according to their legislation, jurisprudence and doctrine. Also he analyzed the object of protection of amparo, and the current situation which is facing due to its denaturation by its indiscriminate use. that situation is consider by our current Constitutional Procedural Code, which states the exceptional nature of this resource to address violations of fundamental rights, so that evaluation of their origin must be on a case by case basis. Finally, the author analyzes the special status of the precautionary measures within an amparo process.En este artículo el autor busca abordar las generalidades del proceso de amparo en el ordenamiento peruano, atendiendo a su legislación, jurisprudencia y doctrina. Asimismo, se analiza el objeto de protección del instituto de amparo y la coyuntura que atraviesa, debido a su desnaturalización por su uso indiscriminado. Dicha coyuntura es atendida por nuestro actual Código Procesal Constitucional, que señala la naturaleza excepcional de este recurso para atender vulneraciones de derechos fundamentales, por lo que la evaluación de su procedencia debe hacerse caso por caso. Finalmente, el autor analiza la especial condición de las medidas cautelares dentro de un proceso de amparo.
5
Peters, Edward N. J. „Preliminary procedural considerations in the application of ecclesiastical penalties“. Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1988. http://www.tren.com.
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6
Hovell, Devika. „The value of procedure : formalist and substantive approaches to procedural fairness in Security Council sanctions decision-making“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711638.
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7
Peters, Edward N. „Preliminary procedural considerations in the application of ecclesiastical penalties“. Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 1988. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p029-0147.
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8
Jonas, Nina E. „The role of witnesses in the procedural law of Ḥudûd /“. Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64000.
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9
Nel, Werner. „Procedural fairness in unprotected strike dismissals“. Thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/314.
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The Labour Relations Act contains a definition of a strike which reads as follows: “’strike’ means the partial or complete concerted refusal to work, or the retardation or obstruction of work, by persons who are or have been employed by the same employer or by different employers, for the purpose of remedying a grievance or resolving a dispute in respect of any matter of mutual interest between employer and employee, and every reference to ‘work’ in this definition includes overtime work, whether it is voluntary or compulsory.” The Labour Relations Act offers strikers special protection against dismissal if they conform with the Act and its provisions. Hence the distinction between those strikes and protest action in compliance with the Act, namely ‘protected’ strikes and protest action, and those strikes and protest action in violation of the Act, namely, ‘unprotected’ strikes and protest action. Participation in an unprotected strike is one form of misbehaviour. The Labour Relations Act expressly prohibits the dismissal of employees engaged in a lawful strike. Employees engaged in strike action contrary to the provisions of the Labour Relations Act may be dismissed since their strike action is deemed to be a form of misconduct. The dismissal of striking employees must be both substantially and procedurally fair.
10
Howieson, Jillian Alice. „Family law dispute resolution : procedural justice and the lawyer-client interaction“. University of Western Australia. Law School, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0109.
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While several Australian and international studies have explored the family lawyer-client interaction, these studies have been limited to investigations of discrete areas of the lawyerclient relationship and have been necessarily limited in their methodologies. The present study employed a quantitative empirical methodology in an Australian wide field study of 230 family lawyers and 94 clients that investigated the family lawyer-client interaction from a procedural justice framework. Using multivariate analyses, the study establishes that the Tyler and Blader two-component model of procedural justice applies in the lawyer-client dyad and is influenced by the approach of the lawyer, the emotional response of the client, and the level of co-party conflict that the client is experiencing. Further, the study gives meaning to the terms 'conciliatory and constructive' and 'adversarial' as they apply to family law dispute resolution. The study establishes a construct to measure the conciliatory and adversarial approach of family lawyers and identifies that lawyers tend to incorporate a mixture of the two into their work. The results also identify four distinct behavioural factors that characterise the two approaches: the client-centred and interest-based factors characterise the conciliatory approach; and the lawyer-directed and court-focused factors characterise the adversarial. The study found that in terms of perceptions of fairness, and feelings of satisfaction, the clients preferred the lawyers who took a client-centred and interest-based approach, but in circumstances where the clients were experiencing high-levels of conflict, or fear for the safety of their children, they also appreciated the lawyer who was lawyer-directed and court-focused. Overall, the study shows that in order to create a fair and satisfying dispute resolution service for their clients, family lawyers need to maintain a fine balance of family lawyering behaviour. On a general level, the study provides a profile of Australian family lawyers in terms of their approach to dispute resolution, their attitude towards ADR processes and their favoured negotiation styles. It also profiles family law clients in terms of their emotional adjustment to the divorce and their perceptions of the family lawyers assisting them to resolve their disputes. The study substantially expands the procedural justice theory base and has significant implications for practical family law education, government policy, family lawyering, and the ADR and collaborative law movements. The study indicates where future research could benefit these communities.
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Garth, Bryant. „Franz Klein, Mauro Cappelletti, and the mission of comparative procedural scholars: opening lecture for lntemational Association of Procedural Law“. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/115414.
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Bylander, Eric. „Muntlighetsprincipen : En rättsvetenskaplig studie av processuella handläggningsformer i svensk rätt“. Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6920.
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This doctoral thesis examines the different forms of procedural communication available to the Swedish courts. The choice traditionally stood between oral and written procedure. Today the procedure in the general courts is dominated by the principle of orality, while in the administrative courts, procedure chiefly takes the written form. This being said, the types of communication procedures used in courts today are constantly changing, the reason being, in part, the advent and advancement of new communication tools such as telephone, video and the internet. The cardinal aspiration for this doctoral thesis has been to prepare a generous substructure that will allow an assessment of how the principles that constitute the foundation for the choice of a form of procedural communication stand up against the arrival of new conditions. In attaining this goal the thesis takes stock of, structure, and evaluate the current knowledge of the regulation of the forms of procedural communication and the arguments that have been put forward regarding its design and application. The chosen method is a rhetorical-topical audit of the arguments provided by the legislative community. In addition it examines the relationship between these arguments and the activities of the courts and includes a comparative analysis of the current and historic conditions of the procedural communication forms. In the thesis nine different principle topoi (argument sources) for the analysed argumentation are identified and discussed: The Purpose of the Proceedings, Security, Speed, Cost-effectiveness, the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the Decision-making, the Parties, Publicity and the Rules and Regulations.
13
Lamprecht, Adriaan Matthys. „The use of closed-circuit television in South African criminal courts“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/73091.
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In the last decade the use of closed-circuit television or similar electronic devices (CCTV) has started to play a significant role in courtrooms, both as a silent witness and as a device through which to receive testimony.
The benefits of optimising the use of CCTV for receiving testimony are numerous. This paper focusses on two, namely easier access to justice through criminal courts, and bridging the gap between the protective measures created by legislation with regard to vulnerable witnesses and the effective implementation of said measures.
The requirements for using CCTV to receive testimony, if interpreted in a reasonable way, does not limit the type of device or facility to be used. It merely stipulates that the facilities at a remote point be overseen by a designated official, and that the device to be used must allow all parties, both at the court point and at the remote point, to hear and see the other parties, and to be able to follow the proceedings.
In recent years technology has advanced to such an extent that audio-visual capable devices are readily available. It is proposed that if the above interpretation is followed, the facilities through which testimony can be given by means of CCTV need not be stationary, it can travel to where it is needed thereby making courts more accessible, and alleviating trauma with regards to vulnerable witnesses who can testify at a designated buildings and no longer needs to go to court, a place designed to be intimidating.Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Procedural Law
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Venter, RihandT. „Onpartydigheidenvooroordeelby voorsittnde beamptes in die Suid-Afrikaanse reg“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/73134.
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Die navorsingstuk ondersoek die interpretasie van die Grondwet deur regsprekende, met aandag op die Handves van Menseregte,2 asook ander wetgwing. Klem gaan veral geplaas word op die regsprekende gesag se algemene magte, verpligtinge en die rol wat hul speel in ‘n demokratiese staat. Verder in die navorsingstuk word die invloed wat hul oortuigings en beginsels het op hul uitsprake ondersoek om vas te stel tot watter mate onpartydigheid en onafhanklikheid gewaarborg kan word.Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Procedural Law
LLM
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15
Majozi, Nkosinathi Levion. „Plea bargaining in South Africa and England“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/73243.
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This dissertation is comparative study of plea bargaining in South Africa and England. It covers when plea bargaining was embraced in the South African criminal justice system. Plea bargaining defines the act of negotiating and concluding contracts in the context of criminal proceedings. Usually the prosecutor and the accused agree that, the accused will plead guilty to the charge brought against him in return for a concession from the prosecution. The agreement is not restricted to the subject matter submitted. Agreements can include charges that are not prosecuted or reduced, particular terms of penalty, probation requirements, and much more. The vast majority of criminal instances are resolved through negotiation in many nations. Plea bargaining infringes the notion of a standard trial and thus conflicts with well-known basic principles of criminal proceedings. In addition, negotiation before criminal trials heavily involves both the accused and the public interest's constitutionally guaranteed rights.Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Procedural Law
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16
Machitela, Malesela Abram. „Critical analysis of how the South African criminal law addresses cybercbullying“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/73398.
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The work deals with shortcomings in the South African Criminal Law in respect of how to addresses cyberbullying crime. The report focus on how American Legislation deals with cyberbullying as compared to South African Legal framework. The work critically analyses the the South African legislation dealing with cyberbulying as a criminal offence.Dissertation (LLM)--Universtity of Pretoria, 2019.
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Procedural Law
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17
Rodríguez, Hurtado Mario Pablo. „Constitutionalization of procedural law and its impact in standard legislation reform, CPP (Criminal Procedure Code) and in criminal justice system“. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116463.
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This article examines the close relationship between criminal procedure and constitutional law within a democratic State framework as well as the guarantees provided from a constitutional point of view in accordance with the current context of human rights globalization. Then, the author approaches us to criminal procedure main principles and guarantees, procedural models historically formed. Finally, it presents an interesting Criminal Procedural Code analysis describing guarantees, principles and procedural models recognized in our country.Este artículo reflexiona sobre la estrecha relación entre el proceso penal y el derecho constitucional en el marco de un Estado democrático, así como sobre las garantías que debe brindar desde la óptica constitucional y en el actual contexto de globalización de los derechos humanos. A continuación nos aproxima a los principales principios y garantías del proceso penal, y a los modelos procesales históricamente configurados. Finalmente, el artículo nos presenta un interesante análisis de Código Procesal Penal, describiendo las garantías, principios y modelo procesal reconocido de nuestro país.
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Japtha, Louisa Dihelena. „The procedural fairness requirement in suspensions“. Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/17603.
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The focal point of this treatise is the procedural requirements relating to suspensions. For a suspension to be fair it must be for a fair reason and in accordance with a fair procedure which is commonly referred to as substantive and procedural fairness. The Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 does not tell or provide guidance in terms of what these procedural requirements for a suspension are. The Act is completely silent on this matter. The Act only requires that any disciplinary measure instituted against an employee must be done in terms of a fair procedure. Suspensions have been described by our courts as the employment equivalent of arrest. It is normally used as a preventative measure pending internal disciplinary investigations or as a disciplinary sanction for an employee who repeatedly engages in misconduct. This treatise highlights the impact of arbitrary suspension of employees and suspensions of employees for inordinate periods of time. Suspensions are not intended for purposes of punishment. The Labour Court has on numerous decisions cautioned employers on issues of unfair suspension because of its detrimental impact on the employee’s reputation, advancement, job security and other grounds. Situations have often arisen where an employer suspends an employee without following any procedure. This practice was particularly prevalent under the common law and before the judgment in Mogothle v the Premier of the Northwest Province and Another when employers were suspending employees as they saw fit. Following the principles in this case, bearing in mind that each case is judged on its own merits and the detrimental effect of a suspension. A suspension should only be warranted in circumstances where: The employer has a justifiable reason to believe prima facie at least that the employee has engaged in serious misconduct; There is some objectively justifiable reason to deny the employee access to the workplace based on the integrity of any pending investigation into the alleged misconduct or some other relevant factor that would place the investigation or the interest of affected parties in jeopardy. The employee is given the opportunity to state a case or to be heard before any final decision to suspend is made. Although the right to be heard is not a formally defined process, case law has developed this concept to such an extent that it will be regarded as unfair labour practice if not adhered to. A suspension of an employee can therefore never be justified without adhering to the audi alteram partem principle. This does not mean that an employer cannot suspend an employee. Our courts accept that suspension is necessary especially for purposes of good administration and is justified, following the correct procedure and where the employer continues to pay the employee. Despite the fact that the courts are playing a more active role with regards to the issue of suspensions, suspensions are often open to abuse. In this regard the treatise focused on the notion of special leave versus suspensions. We note how in the last few years, employers especially those in the public service sector, misconstrued and misused their power for a purpose not authorised in law, and continue to do so despite applications to the courts alerting it to the illegality of this practice. Employers are resorting to special leave with the aim of side stepping the procedural requirements laid down by our courts in respect of section 182 (2) of the Labour Relations Act. In this regard the courts vehemently criticised this practice and ensured that employers who are acting maliciously without adhering to their own policies and procedures are held accountable. The court held that in the event where special leave is imposed on an employee for the purposes of discipline, that special leave is regarded as a suspension. Lastly, it is quite evident that the courts are playing a much more active role pertaining to the issue of suspensions. A number of court decisions discussed in this treatise show how the courts come down hard on employers who hastily resort to suspending an employee where there is no valid reason to do so or where the procedure was manifestly unfair.
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Hill-Cawthorne, Lawrence Antony. „International law and the procedural regulation of internment in non-international armed conflict“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:50abc9c2-44fa-43f3-a7b2-bf660f8678fa.
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'International humanitarian law' (IHL) has long differentiated between international and non-international armed conflicts, regulating the latter, at least at the level of treaty law, far less than the former. One of the starkest examples of this is in the case of administrative detention on security grounds or 'internment'. Thus, IHL applicable in international armed conflicts establishes a seemingly robust regime regarding internment. As such, it specifies the limited grounds on which an individual may be interned, the procedural safeguards that must be provided to internees, and the point at which the internee must be released. In the conventional IHL provisions applicable in non-international armed conflicts, on the other hand, no equivalent rules are made explicit. In addition, the application in such situations of international human rights law (IHRL), which also contains procedural rules applicable to detention, is considered by many to be very controversial. This has led to considerable confusion over the current state of the law governing detention in non-international armed conflict, and it is here that some of the most controversial practices and intractable debates within IHL of the last decade have developed. The present thesis seeks to clarify the law here and does so through a comprehensive examination of both IHL and IHRL. It begins with a discussion of the general context in which the thesis falls, i.e. the distinction between international and non-international armed conflicts. This is considered from an historical perspective, considering the basis for the distinction as well as its appropriateness in contemporary international law. Having considered this general question, the thesis then moves on to an examination of the current lex lata with regard to internment in non-international armed conflicts, with a comprehensive examination of both IHL and IHRL. Regarding IHL, it is shown that, whilst there remains a dearth of conventional and customary rules here, one can discern a general prohibition of internment that is not necessary as a result of the conflict. The application of the IHRL rules on detention in non-international conflicts and their interaction with relevant rules of IHL are then explored, with substantial reference to the practice of both states and human rights treaty bodies. It is shown that, absent derogation, human rights treaty rules continue fully to regulate detentions by states in relation to non-international armed conflicts, alongside the minimal rules of IHL. However, it is also demonstrated that the current law remains inadequate in this area. First, there is significant disagreement between the human rights treaty bodies on the extent to which derogation from these rules is permitted. Second, persons detained in non-international conflicts by non-state armed groups or by states with no human rights treaty obligations are protected by the far more basic customary rules in this area. The thesis, therefore, concludes with a set of concrete proposals for developing the law here, in a manner that builds upon and clarifies the current obligations of all states and non-state armed groups.
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Hannett, Sarah. „Emphasising pragmatism over principle : substantive, procedural and remedial deficiencies in the Human Rights Act 1998“. Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30121.
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This thesis is an extended analysis and critique of the aims, substantive guarantees, and procedural framework of the Human Rights Act 1998. The Act purports to provide the United Kingdom with a bill of rights by incorporation of the European Convention for Protection of Rights and Freedoms. However, the substantive guarantees offered by the European Convention, and the Human Rights Act, are insufficient to effectively protect the wide variety of circumstances in which individual rights can be violated in a modern democracy. Further, the procedural and remedial framework created by the Human Rights Act cannot adequately enforce human rights protection. Accordingly, the Human Rights Act represents a good starting point in the British bill of rights debate, but an insufficient conclusion. Rather, a novel, uniquely British bill of rights would have been the most appropriate approach.
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Paim, Gustavo Bohrer. „Direito processual eleitoral? : por uma processualidade do direito eleitoral“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/127929.
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A insegurança jurídica é uma das grandes preocupações do Direito, especialmente do Direito Processual. O mesmo ocorre com o Direito Eleitoral e o Direito Processual Eleitoral, que estão, essencialmente, imbricados, em uma fase metodológica que não discrepa do arcaico sincretismo do Direito Processual. Para que tão relevante ramo do Direito evolua, faz-se necessário o estudo da segurança jurídica, das fases metodológicas do processo e da Teoria Geral do Processo. Assim, é possível demonstrar o estágio em que se encontra e a imprescindibilidade de desenvolvimento de um Direito Processual Eleitoral. A partir de tais premissas, é que se faz imperiosa a efetiva construção de um Direito Processual Eleitoral, o que fica ainda mais perceptível com o estudo de inúmeros exemplos de insegurança legislativa e jurisprudencial. Nesse contexto, o Direito Processual Eleitoral demanda uma construção legislativa, com a sistematização e consolidação normativa, bem como necessita de uma construção doutrinária, a ser elaborada a partir da ferramenta constitucional dos direitos fundamentais e da ferramenta conceitual da Teoria Geral do Processo, a permitir a mitigação da insegurança jurídica existente.The lack of legal certainty is one of the major concerns of Law, mainly of Procedural Law. The same happens with Electoral Law and Electoral Procedural Law, which are, essentially imbricated at a methodological phase that does not differ from the archaic syncretism of Procedural Law. In order to make such important area of Law develop, it becomes necessary to study the legal certainty, the methodological phases of the procedure and the General Theory of Procedure. This way, it is possible to identify the stage in which the indispensability of development of an Electoral Procedural Law is. On these grounds it is of foremost importance the effective construction of an Electoral Procedural Law. This becomes even more noticeable through the study of many examples of legislative and jurisprudential lack of security. In such context, the Electoral Procedural Law demands a legislative construction, with its normative systematization and consolidation, as well as the need of a doctrine construction, to be developed from a constitutional tool of fundamental rights and a conceptual tool of General Theory of Procedure, so as to allow the mitigation of the lack of legal certainty existent.
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林, 秀弥, und Shuya HAYASHI. „The 2013 Amendment to the Antimonopoly Act : Procedural Fairness under Japanese Competition Law“. 名古屋大学大学院法学研究科, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/21082.
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Martin, Timothy J. Carleton University Dissertation Law. „Critical theory, formal law, and the plea negotiation process; achieving substantive procedural discourse“. Ottawa, 1996.
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Martin, Christopher L. „Distribution and procedural justice : effects on satisfaction and commitment“. Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29169.
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25
Granlund, Gustav. „Bevisbördans placering i taxeringsprocessen“. Thesis, Örebro University, Örebro University, Örebro University, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-9576.
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Sammanfattning.
I uppsatsen berörs ämnet bevisbördans placering i taxeringsprocessen. Detta görs
genom användning av en rättsdogmatisk metod. Av frågestelningen utgörs syftet att
utreda vart bevisbördan är placerad på kostnadssidan när det gäller inkomstslaget
näringsverksamhet. Som framgår av uppsatsen är bevisbördan generellt placerad på
den skattskyldige när det gäller kostnadsavdrag. Att så är fallet framgår av den i
doktrinen förda diskussion att placeringen har blivit vedertagen. Vissa undantag
finns, ett är då lag stadgar att bevisbördan är placerad på annat vis. Andra fall är vid
eftertaxering och påförande av skattetillägg, i båda dessa fall anses det så
betungande för den enskilde att bära bevisbördan att den istället placerats på
myndigheten. En bevisbördepunkt placeras även ut på sannolikhetsskalan, denna
placering utgör det beviskrav som skall vara uppnått för att den bevisskyldige skall få
bifall för sitt yrkande. Beviskravet fastställs i de flesta fall av domstolarna då lagen
oftast inte ger utryck för vilket krav som ställs. Om bifall kan medges är beroende av
den bevisning som läggs fram inför rätten samt vilket värde bevisningen ges. En fri
bevisvärdering skall tillämpas där varje enskilt bevis skall bedömas utifrån sitt
specifika värde.
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Hwang, Karina T. „The Procedural Aspect of the Rule of Law: India as a Case Study for Distinguishing Concept from Conception“. Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1171.
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In this thesis, the concept of the procedural aspect of the Rule of Law will be distinguished from what I argue are conceptions that are falsely promulgated as concept. The different aspects of the Rule of Law—form, substance, and procedure— are helpful in making the distinction between concept and conception. Examining procedure within the Rule of Law is particularly important, and I define a broader set of requirements of the concept of the procedural aspect of the Rule of Law. This concept is applied to understand the Indian conception of the Rule of Law, a particularly interesting case that brings out questions about culture and economic capacity. Ultimately, I argue that this broader set of requirements is better suited to evaluate the realization of the Rule of Law in all contexts.
27
Petrucci, Carlo. „The harmonisation of the law of damages and its procedural rules for breach of European competition law : a critical analysis“. Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5015/.
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This dissertation examines the case for harmonising some national rules, relating to the law of damages and civil procedure, which are applied to national proceedings for compensation of losses resulting from breach of Articles 101 and/or 102 TFEU. Before answering whether such rules should be harmonised, the dissertation examines the broad policy rationale behind private enforcement of competition law, its goals and limits. The findings are that private enforcement plays a positive role both to compensate antitrust victims and deter undertakings from breaching competition law. This provides a sound policy for harmonisation of private enforcement rules. Subsequently, the dissertation examines the main arguments against and for harmonisation. It is argued that the case for harmonisation is more convincing than the case against. Then, the arguments for harmonisation are tested in respect of some national rules that play a pivotal role in national competition law proceedings. Although few antitrust actions are brought, it is suggested that some national rules might not comply with the EU principle of effectiveness. In addition, even if such national rules did comply with this principle, the risk of forum shopping and the problem of excessive disparity of the level playing field are likely to materialise. Thus,harmonisation of private enforcement rules is desirable.
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Schardt, William B. „Procedural capacity in marriage nullity cases developments in the revised Code of canon law /“. Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.
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Cavani, Renzo. „What is a judicial decision? A brief analytic study for Peruvian civil procedural law“. IUS ET VERITAS, 2018. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123369.
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In this essay two basic legal concepts, judicial decision and adjudication, are explored in the light of the discipline of Peruvian Civil Procedure Code of 1993 (CPC). This analysis is made from an analyticdogmatic perspective, aiming to show that an adequate use of those concepts is decisive to solve practical problems, foremost in the field of the appeal.En el presente trabajo se exploran dos conceptos jurídicos básicos, resolución judicial y decisión, a la luz de la regulación del Código Procesal Civil peruano de 1993 (CPC). Este análisis se realiza a partir de un enfoque analítico-dogmático, buscando demostrar que un adecuado trabajo con dichos conceptos es decisivo para resolver problemas prácticos, sobre todo en el ámbito de la impugnación.
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Khachatryan, Davit. „What are the Procedural Requirements of the ‘Denial of Benefits’ provision of the ECT?“ Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-352253.
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Ljungman, Gustafsson Clara. „Polismyndighetens föreläggandebeslut om bristande tillsyn av hund och rättssäkerhetsaspekter“. Thesis, Örebro universitet, Akademin för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-15757.
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Under handläggning av ett ärende i form av myndighetsutövning kan beslut komma att fattas vilka den enskilde måste rätta sig efter. Avgöranden och beslutsprocessen inom förvaltningsrätten ska präglas av ett rättssäkerhetsperspektiv för att skapa legitimitet. Det är också något som domstolen ska beakta vid en granskning av beslut från myndigheter. Polismyndigheten utreder ärenden, med stöd av till innehållet skiftande förvaltningsrättslig lagstiftning, som till exempel lagen om tillsyn över hund och katt. Lagen syftar till att skydda allmänheten mot hundar som är under bristande tillsyn. Uppsatsen fokuserar på att redogöra för rättssäkerhet och kartlägga polismyndighetens beslutsprocess med stöd av FL. Tillsynslagen utrönas för att klargöra vad ett föreläggande enligt lagen innebär. Rättsfall och myndighetspraxis gällande föreläggandebeslut framställs med syftet att analysera dem utifrån ett rättssäkerhetsperspektiv. Den rättsvetenskapliga metoden används för att i ett tydligt juridiskt perspektiv besvara uppsatsens frågeställningar och metoden tillåter en granskning av olika material för att utvidga vetenskapen om rättstillämpningen. Rättssäkerhet innehåller både formella och materiella aspekter som fungerar som ett skydd mot godtycke. Legalitet, proportionalitet och förutsägbarhet är principer som skapar en förutsättning för rättssäkerheten. Vid myndighetsutövning ska till exempel det minst ingripande medel som krävs för att åtgärda ett problem väljas och en myndighets handläggning ska genomsyras av EU:s princip om rätten till god förvaltning. Polismyndighetens beslutsprocess vid ärenden om förelägganden enligt tillsynslagen innebär enligt FL ett iakttagande av serviceskyldighet, kommuniceringskrav och beslutsmotivering. Förutom FL är det många aspekter som ska beaktas när ett föreläggandebeslut tas, framför allt hur stor risken är att ägaren brister i tillsynen i framtiden. Genom myndighetspraxis kan konstateras att ett föreläggande ska syfta till att komma tillrätta med bristande tillsyn över hundar som riskerar att skapa olägenheter, vilket kan innehålla ålägganden om koppeltvång eller munkorg. En förutsättning för att uppfylla rättssäkerhetens krav vid föreläggandebeslut och i domslut är att de rättsliga principerna iakttas. Kammarrätten kritiserar polismyndighetens beslut om föreläggande i ett fall där avsaknaden av ett tydligt motiverat beslut inte uppfyllde rättssäkerhetskravet. Effektiviteten vid polismyndighetens beslutsprocess måste vara i balans med korrekt avvägda beslut enligt de rättsliga principerna för att uppfylla rättssäkerhetens krav på handläggningen. Detsamma gäller även vid domstolens resonemang om bristande tillsyn av hund. Tillämpningen i praxis av FL, tillsynslagen och art. 41 i EU:s stadga om de grundläggande rättigheterna präglas i huvudsak av rättssäkerhet. Däremot kan rättssäkerheten ifrågasättas i praxis varvid otydliga beslut fattats av polismyndigheten och domstolen tenderar att förbise förutsägbarheten av tillsynslagens tillämpning.
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Rylander, Lisa. „Effective private enforcement of EU competition law : A justification for legislative harmonization of national procedural rules?“ Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-196484.
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In the strive towards a highly competitive market, the European Commission has long promoted an extensive use of so-called private enforcement, where individuals claim their rights, as guaranteed by the acquis communautaire, before national courts. The incentive to litigate is, mostly, the right to receive damages for loss suffered due to another private party’s violation of the EU antitrust rules, established by the CJEU in its famous ruling in Courage, in 2001. Lately, the Commission seems to believe that the aim of a more effective private enforcement of antitrust law justifies rather extensive intrusions into the internal legal systems of the Member States. In a White Paper of 2008, the Commission proposed several measures aimed at enhancing the possibilities for individuals to be awarded with compensation for having suffered from a breach of the antitrust rules. These measures include the harmonization of certain national procedural laws, to facilitate inter alia damages claims at a national level. One year later, in 2009, an internal document with a draft for a directive was leaked out from the Commission, which suggests that there are advanced plans for issuing a harmonizing legislation. Extensive critique has been aimed at the Commission’s proposal, mainly on the basis that procedural rules should be left unaltered by the European Union. Procedural rules are often considered to be the result of careful considerations of specific domestic characteristics and problems, which over time have resulted in a well-balanced internal system based on legal traditions and culture. Even though national rules would still apply in purely domestic situations, it is said that the internal balance of the national procedural systems would be undermined if certain procedural rules were to be harmonized throughout the Union. This thesis aims at analysing whether the aim of an effective private enforcement of Union competition law does justify a harmonization of procedural rules that could facilitate inter alia private damage claims before national courts. In the case of a confirmative answer, the work also aims at answering to the question of what form such a harmonization should take: should the Commission initiate a legislative process or should it be left to the CJEU to continue developing the state of law through sporadic rulings on the matter? Recourse is made throughout the work to several important general principles of Union law, such as the principles of national procedural autonomy, subsidiarity, and equality.I sin strävan efter att åstadkomma en marknad med hög konkurrenskraft har Europeiska kommissionen länge förespråkat ett mer extensivt nyttjande av så kallad private enforcement (ung. privat genomförande) där individer åberopar sina rättigheter, som följer av acquis communataire, inför nationella domstolar. Incitamentet för att driva processer består i dessa fall mestadels av rätten att erhålla skadestånd för den skada som klaganden lidit på grund av en annan privat aktörs brott mot konkurrensreglerna, grundad av EU-domstolen (EUD) i målet Courage, 2001. På senare tid tycks kommissionen anse att målet med en mer effektiv private enforcement rättfärdigar relativt djupa intrång i medlemsstaternas interna rättssystem. I en Vitbok från 2008 föreslog kommissionen flera medel för att förbättra möjligheterna för individer att erhålla kompensation för skada orsakad av konkurrensöverträdelser. Förslagen skulle innebära en harmonisering av vissa processuella regler för att underlätta bland annat skadeståndstalan på nationell nivå. Ett år efter Vitbokens publicering läckte ett annat dokument ut från kommissionen, innehållande ett utkast på ett direktiv som föreslår liknande regler som Vitboken. Detta tyder på att det finns långt skridna planer för att skapa en harmoniserande lagstiftning på EU-nivå. Omfattande kritik har riktats mot kommissionens förslag, mestadels på grunden att processuella regler bör undanhållas från Europeiska Unionens inflytande. Processuella regler anses ofta vara en produkt av noggranna överväganden av nationella särdrag och problem, som under tidens gång lett till ett välbalanserat internt system baserat på gamla rättstraditioner och rättskultur. Trots att nationella regler skulle fortsätta att gälla för rent interna situationer, påstås det att den interna balansen inom de nationella processuella systemen skulle undergrävas vid en harmonisering. Denna magisteruppsats syftar till att analysera huruvida målet med en effektiv private enforcement av Unionens konkurrensregler rättfärdigar en harmonisering av processuella regler, för att underlätta bland annat privata skadeståndstalan i nationella domstolar. Om så visar sig vara fallet skall arbetet även undersöka vilken form en sådan harmonisering borde ta: skall kommissionen initiera en lagstiftningsprocess eller skall det vara upp till EUD att fortsätta utveckla det relevanta rättsläget? Under arbetet används genomgående några viktiga generella EU-rättsliga principer som referensramar. Dessa är bland annat principen om nationell processautonomi, subsidiaritet och likabehandling.
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Mbagwa, Awamu Ahmada. „The role of procedural laws in asset recovery: a roadmap for Tanzania research“. University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4406.
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Magister Legum - LLMCorruption is rampant in Tanzania. It is one of the major obstacles to the economic growth and sustainability of the country. The country loses a huge amount of money through corrupt practices. It is estimated that 20% of the national budget is lost to corruption annually. In recent years, Tanzania experienced grand corruption scandals which involved senior public officials and high political leaders. Between 2005 and 2006, 22 companies stole 133 billion Tanzanian shillings, the equivalent of$96 million, from the External Payment Arrears Account facility at the Central Bank of Tanzania. The discovery of this theft led to the investigation and prosecution of a number of perpetrators, including big businessmen and senior officers of the Central Bank of Tanzania. However, hitherto no assets have been traced and recovered from the offenders, save a handful of money which was paid back by a few perpetrators on condition that they would not be prosecuted. Furthermore, in 2008 a government minister by the name of Andrew Chenge was forced to resign after he allegedly was implicated in taking a bribe of $1 million from the British company, BAE Systems, in relation to a $40 million radar deal. Sources disclosed that Chenge deposited the alleged bribe money in one of his offshore accounts, but this money has not been recovered by the state. In response to the corruption problem, Tanzania enacted various anti-corruption laws. These laws include the Anti-Money Laundering Act (2006), the Prevention and Combating of Corruption Act (2007), the Proceeds of Crime Act (1991) and the National Prosecutions Service Act (2007). These laws contain provisions for the confiscation of proceeds of crime as one means of combating economic crimes. However, grand corruption persists in the country and only a few stolen assets have been confiscated to date. It is on this account that this study is exploring confiscation procedures in Tanzania.
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Liwski, Mateusz, Матеуш Ливски und Матеуш Лівски. „Economic procedural law: a comparison of the experience of Ukraine and Poland in the context of court proceedings“. Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/48743.
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The development of Ukraine as a democratic socially oriented state, the
reform of the market economy necessitates the introduction of new socioeconomic mechanisms for regulating and protecting the economic sphere. The
problem of development economic procedure law is quite relevant at this stage
of development of the country, because the legislation in the field of economic
sphere is characterized by the presence of contradictions, imperfections of the
law, as well as difficulties in resolving disputes over economic and business.Розвиток України як демократичної соціально орієнтованої держави, реформа ринкової економіки зумовлює необхідність запровадження нових соціально-економічних механізмів регулювання та захисту економічної сфери. Проблема розвитку економічного процесуального права є досить актуальною на цьому етапі розвитку країни, оскільки законодавство у галузі економіки сфера характеризується наявністю суперечностей, недосконалості законодавство, а також труднощі у вирішенні суперечок щодо економіки та бізнесу
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Hernandez, Eduardo Arturo Vantini [UNESP]. „Inovações do Código de Processo Civil e seus reflexos no Direito Processual do Trabalho: uma análise crítica das leis n.10352/01, n.10358/01, n.10444/02, n.11187/05, 11232/05, n.11276/06, n.11277/06, n.11280/06 e n.11382/06“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89879.
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O Direito é uma ciência em constante evolução e adaptação aos anseios sociais em determinado local em certo momento histórico, por isso podemos dizer que estamos falando de uma ciência em construção. Nesse sentido, o Direito não se encontra pronto e acabado, especialmente em países de tradição legiferante como o Brasil, mas se faz renovado a cada dia, com a implementação de novas normas nos mais variados assuntos. No presente trabalho veremos um estudo das recentes alterações legislativas ocorridas no Direito Processual Civil e seus principais reflexos no Direito Processual do Trabalho, através da análise crítica das Leis n.º 10.352/01, n.º 10.358/01, n.º 10.444/02, n.º 11.187/05, n.º 11.232/05, n.º 11.276/06, n.º 11.277/06, n.º 11.280/06 e n.º 11.382/06. No primeiro capítulo, deste estudo, tem-se uma abordagem sobre os princípios e fontes do direito do trabalho como premissas hermenêuticas a nortear e fundamentar os demais capítulos da pesquisa. Na seqüência, encontra-se um capítulo que trata do ordenamento jurídico de maneira genérica, sua autonomia, a noção de sistema e a relação existente entre as disciplinas estudadas; de forma especifica verifica-se a abordagem de questões hermenêuticas, para fundamentação e aplicação das normas do processo civil ao processo do trabalho. Superados as questões propedêuticas dos primeiros capítulos, passa-se a explorar especificamente as alterações efetuadas no Direito Processual Civil, procurando de forma prática e conclusiva demonstrar sua co-relação e eventual utilização no Direito Processual do Trabalho. O estudo nesse capítulo é complementado com referências jurisprudenciais a fim de confrontar o entendimento empossado com a tendência do judiciário ao decidir o caso concreto. O desenvolvimento da presente pesquisa, não procura atender a um único objetivo, mas de maneira geral...
The Law is a science in a constant evolution and adaptation to the social cravings in a certain place and in a certain historic moment, because of that we can say we are talking about a science under construction. With that meaning, the Law is not ready and done, especially in countries of legislative tradition like Brazil, but it is renewed at every single day with implementation of new norms about the most varied subjects. This paper shows a study of the recent legislative alterations occurred in the Civil Procedural Law and its main reflexes in the Work Procedure Law through the critical analysis of the Laws nº 10.352/01, nº 10.358/01, nº 10.444/02, nº 11.187/05, nº 11.232/05, nº 11.276/06, nº 11.277/06, nº 11.280/06 and nº 11.382/06. In the study performed in the first chapter, there is an approach about the principles and sources of the labor law as hermeneutic premises to lead and ground the other chapters of the research. In the sequence, there is a chapter about the legal system in a generic way, its autonomy, the notion of system and the relation found in the studied disciplines; in a specific way, an approach of hermeneutic matters is checked to foundation and implementation of the norms of the civil procedure to the labor procedure. Solved the propaedeutic matters of the first chapters, an exploration, specifically in the alterations performed in the Civil Procedural Law, starts to be done; trying to show, in a practical and conclusive way, its correlation and possible use in the Work Procedural Law. The study in this chapter is concluded with jurisprudential references in order to confront the understanding installed with the tendency of the judiciary when deciding the concrete case. The development of the present research does not try to serve an only objective, but in a general way, to show the complexity and the incompleteness of the legal system, in a way... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
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Machado, Marcelo Pacheco. „Incerteza e processo: um estudo direcionado às técnicas recursais e à ação rescisória“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-02062011-165806/.
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O trabalho trata das situações de incerteza na técnica processual civil, analisando causas, efeitos e, principalmente, meios adequados para o tratamento dessas situações. Defende a idéia de que os litigantes não podem ter seus direitos processuais cerceados pela falta de objetividade na técnica processual, circunstância na qual deverá ser privilegiada a eficácia dos atos das partes. Nos três primeiros capítulos, é estudada a função do processo perante o direito material (aspecto positivo da instrumentalidade do processo), seu formalismo e sua flexibilidade, acentuando-se a aplicação da instrumentalidade das formas e do dever de saneamento das irregularidades processuais (aspecto negativo da instrumentalidade do processo). No capítulo quarto, são identificadas as crises de certeza no direito processual, suas fontes e os melhores meios de se evitá-las. No capítulo quinto, é justificada, à luz do direito processual vigente, a necessidade de manutenção da eficácia dos atos processuais realizados em zonas de incerteza. Por fim, nos capítulos seis e sete, o trabalho trata da fungibilidade recursal e da incerteza relativa aos pressupostos formais da ação rescisória, propondo meios de se permitir que os atos processuais realizados em zonas de incerteza produzam todos os seus efeitos, ainda que a opção dos litigantes divirja daquela adotada pelo juiz.The present dissertation deals with the uncertainty about Brazilian civil procedure techniques, analyzing causes, effects and, chiefly, adequate means of treatment of such issues. It argues that the litigants may not have their procedural rights suppressed by the lack of objectivity on procedural law, situation in which the efficacy of their acts must be privileged. In the first three chapters, it studies the function of the procedural Law considering the substantive Law (positive aspect of procedural instrumentality), its formalism and its flexibility, enhancing the applicability of the norm of instrumentality of the forms and the judges obligation of remedying procedural irregularities (negative aspect of procedural instrumentality). In chapter four, crises of uncertainty of procedural law are identified, its sources as well as the best ways to avoid them. In chapter five, the needs of maintaining the efficacy of the parties acts in situations of uncertainty are justified considering the current procedural Law. At last, in chapters six and seven, the study addresses the rule of commingling remedies and the matter of uncertainty related to the procedural requisites of the termination action, proposing that the procedural acts performed in zones of uncertainty will produce all their effects, even if the option made by the litigants be different from that made by the judge.
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Champon, Benoit. „How to regulate embryo research? : a procedural approach“. Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80913.
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Over the past few years, embryo research has been a widely discussed topic. New techniques such as embryo stem cell research or therapeutic cloning are considered by scientists to be very promising. Nevertheless, opponents of these experimentations warn against the commodification of human life forms and argue that the moral status of embryos should protect them from being destroyed purely for research.Legislations on this topic have been enacted in most Western countries, though they are still much criticised. Is there an adequate way of regulating embryo research? Our argument suggests that consensus can only be procedurally obtained. That is, we believe that only legislative assemblies should have authority to take a position on this controversial topic, which is subject to moral disagreement, and as such, judges should only have a minor role.
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Niord, Fredrik. „Intervention RB 14:9“. Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2678.
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Filho, Roberto Pinheiro Campos Gouveia. „A capacidade postulatória como uma situação jurídica processual simples: ensaio em defesa de uma teoria das capacidades em direito“. Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2008. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=373.
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A Teoria Geral Direito é uma ciência jurídica universal, que estuda os conceitos jurídicos fundamentais. É nela que encontramos a premissa magna desta dissertação: o conceito de situação jurídica. Como gênero que é, situação jurídica admite divisões. Uma nos interessa: as situações jurídicas simples. A mais importante delas a capacidade jurídica
é a aptidão genérica conferida pelo ordenamento jurídico para que um ente fático possa titularizar alguma situação jurídica e, desse modo, ser sujeito de direito. Todas as outras
capacidades existentes no mundo jurídico são decorrências da capacidade matriz (jurídica) e servem para o exercício válido de direitos. Dada essa noção, pode-se erigir uma teoria das capacidades em direito: eis a segunda premissa maior do trabalho. O direito processual, como ramo jurídico que é, não poderia ficar fora do alcance da Teoria Geral do Direito. Logo, toda a fundamentação supra é-lhe aplicável: eis a premissa menor do trabalho. No bojo da relação processual estão algumas situações jurídicas simples, dentre elas: a capacidade postulatória (aptidão para que os sujeitos processuais exerçam
validamente alguns atos do processo). Pois bem, depois de feita esta breve resenha, podese afirmar que o objeto da presente dissertação é estudar os aspectos formais e
conceituais da capacidade postulacional, enquadrando-a numa teoria das capacidades em direito, utilizando, antes de tudo, a noção de situação jurídica fornecida pela Teoria Geral
do DireitoThe general theory of Law is an universal legal science, which studies the fundamental legal concepts. This theory helps to find the main premise of this dissertation: the concept of legal situation. This legal situation permits divisions. One of those is relevant to us: the simple legal situations. The most important of it the legal capacity is the generic suitability given by the legal planning for a fact person to name some legal situation and, this way, be character of Law. All the existing capacities in the legal scenario, comes from a matrix capacity (legal) and are useful to the Laws valid practice. Given this notion, its possible to make a theory of the Laws capacities: this is the second main premise of this essay. The procedural Law, like a legal extension, could not be out of the reach of the general theory of Law. So, all that was reasoned before is applicable: this is the minor premise of this essay. In the procedural relation, some simple legal situation, for example: the postulator capacity (ability to the procedural characters to practice validly some acts of the lawsuit). After writing this brief, it is possible to affirm that the objective of the essay is to study the formals aspects and concepts of the postulator capacity, characterizing in a theory of Laws capacity, using the notion of the legal situation given by the general theory of Law
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Rejanovinschi, Talledo Moisés. „Dilemmas to consume justice: some scopes of procedural protection of the consumer administrative procedure and consumer arbitration“. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116133.
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This paper argues that the consumer should choose the procedural mechanism that satisfies their need to resolve a dispute and being compensated. Also, the administration, in order to defend rights of consumers, must have the authority to prefer the Constitution through diffuse constitutional control.El presente documento plantea que el consumidor debe escoger el mecanismo procesal que pueda satisfacer de mejor manera su necesidad de resolver una controversia y de ser indemnizado. Asimismo, la administración, en defensa de los derechos de los consumidores, debe contar con facultades para preferir la Constitución mediante el control difuso.
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Poland, Donald. „The legal powers of zoning boards of appeals : procedural processes for variance applications and hardship claims /“. View abstract, 1999. http://library.ctstateu.edu/ccsu%5Ftheses/1573.html.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Central Connecticut State University, 1999.Thesis advisor: Brian Sommers. " ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Geography." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 116-118).
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Chen, Nicholas Edward. „Procedural fairness in judicial review of migration decisions: The evolution of a fundamental common law principle“. Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13743.
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Procedural fairness has undergone significant evolution from a moral limit on the exercise of power to a fundamental principle of the common law. The thesis explains and reconciles this evolution of procedural fairness in Australia in the context of judicial review of decisions made under the Migration Act 1958 (Cth). By historical analysis of the origins and development of the principles of procedural fairness, the thesis identifies values and concepts underlying those principles. The High Court’s current conception of fairness, as protecting individual rights and interests in the exercise of power, evolved from the idea that there is a morally correct and just way to decide things. The thesis explains how by judicial development the implication of the obligation to observe procedural fairness in Australia, in the context of migration decisions, was shaped and informed, expressly and implicitly, by these values and concepts. The thesis explains the basis for the current restatement of procedural fairness as a fundamental principle of the common law, the relationship between procedural fairness and the principle of legality, and the positioning of procedural fairness as a principle or presumption of statutory construction. The thesis suggests that the explanation rests in legal coherence, in particular defining the obligation to observe procedural fairness in terms of an implied limit on the exercise of statutory power. The thesis also suggests that the dual presumptions created by recognising procedural fairness as a fundamental principle buttressed by the principle of legality, practically deny the exclusion of the principles in all but a limited number of cases.
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Hewitt, Brett Alan. „PROSECUTING PIRATES: PROCEDURAL INCONSISTENCIES IN ENGLISH PIRACY TRIALS, 1701-1726“. Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1496931879080006.
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Södergren, Patrik. „Vem dömer i gråzonen? : Domstolsprövning i gränslandet mellan offentlig rätt och privaträtt“. Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-26521.
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The starting point of this thesis is the assertion that the interaction between individuals and public authorities sometimes produces claims which cannot easily be categorized as public or private law claims – “claims in the twilight zone”. The aims of the thesis are to examine to what extent such claims can be determined by a court of law and to establish to which kind of court such a claim is properly to be submitted. Moreover, assuming that there is a division of competence between the general courts and the administrative courts that purport to “cut through” claims in the twilight zone, the thesis examines three specific interests: 1) the interest of effective adjudication of claims in the twilight zone; 2) the interest of upholding the division of competence between the general courts and the administrative courts; and 3) the interest of avoiding parallel decisions on the same subject matter. There is much to support the conclusion that claims in the twilight zone have hitherto, with a couple of important exceptions, been adjudicated in the general courts. However, certain ambiguities relating to the proper role of the administrative courts make it uncertain whether this can still be said to be the case. It may perhaps be that the Supreme Court and the Supreme Administrative Court have divergent conceptions of the meaning and effect of a decision made by an administrative court. The present uncertainty makes it difficult to establish to which kind of court a claim in the twilight zone is properly to be submitted, and there is a certain risk that such a claim will not be possible to pursue through a judicial process at all. There is also a certain risk that new boundary lines between public law and private law will be created as a result of procedural ambiguities and not as a result of clear standpoints in matters of substantial law. It is suggested that the situation should be remedied by clarifying the proper role of the administrative courts – or by an amalgamation of the general courts and the administrative courts to one single court system.
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Akinlabi, Oluwagbenga Michael. „Policing in a Lawless Society: A Study of Police Legitimacy and Procedural Justice in Nigeria“. Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/368175.
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This thesis makes a number of contributions to the literature on procedural justice and police legitimacy. It does so using a sample of respondents from Nigeria. It explores whether public perceptions of procedural justice are more or less influential than perceptions of police effectiveness in determining whether police will be perceived as legitimate, and by extension, foster people’s self-reported willingness to voluntary comply with the law and cooperate with police.
Studies mostly from US, UK, and Australia strongly suggest police legitimacy as a mediating factor between perceptions of procedural justice and self-reported law-abiding behaviour (such as compliance with the law and willingness to cooperate with police). However, this perspective contradicts findings from Africa; here, studies show that police are most likely to engender legitimacy or motivate compliance related behaviour when the police are perceived to be effective in crime control, use sanction, and threats of force. The findings of the current thesis support both perspectives.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
Arts, Education and Law
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Al-Own, Gasem M. S. „The UN Security Council's assets-freezing against suspected terrorists : legality and procedural fairness in the UN, EU and UK and lessons for Jordan“. Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6758/.
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The ultimate aim of this thesis is to examine the legitimacy and procedural fairness of the asset-freezing legal systems1 as a counter-terrorism measure, in order to offer recommendations on how to reform the law in Jordan. To that end, it is argued that counter-terrorism measures generally undermine procedural fairness and relevant human rights. This thesis explores how sophisticated legal orders deal with the adverse effects of lack of legitimacy and procedural fairness in the asset-freezing counter-terrorism, in order to form a model that can resolve the defects in the application of the asset-freezing systems. To achieve this end, the thesis is divided into seven chapters. It starts with a brief introduction. Chapter 1, seeks to explore the development of the asset-freezing in the United Nations (hereinafter ‘UN’), the changes in its nature, and determines if the United Nations Security Council (hereinafter ‘UNSC’) is empowered to impose such asset-freezing obligations. Chapter 2, inspects the decision-making procedures involved in the asset-freezing against designated persons such as UNSCR.1267, and its descendants, and the observation of procedural fairness in the UN legal order. Chapter 3, examines the application of the UNSC asset-freezing systems by the European Union (hereinafter ‘EU’) and its procedures, and the observation of procedural fairness in order to explore its inconsistencies and flaws. Chapter 4, looks at the legal challenge to the UN and EU legal orders, the lack of judicial protection in the UN, and the possibility of compensating for this lack by the EU Judiciary based on the autonomy of the EU legal order to see if the EU courts have the capability to provide effective judicial protection and the extent of such judicial protection . Chapter 5 deals with the approaches followed in applying the UN, EU and national asset-freezing systems and their procedure in the UK legal order, also the observance of procedural fairness in these contexts. Chapter 6 examines the right to effective judicial protection and the approach followed to accommodate the security considerations in proceedings before the UK court. Chapter 7 explores the application of the asset-freezing systems in Jordan, the lack of procedural fairness and the limited judicial protection offered. Finally, the thesis presents concluding remarks and recommendations for law reform in Jordan.
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Higa, García Alfonso. „The Arbitration Clauses and the New Labor Procedure Law“. Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119111.
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The following article offers a point of view about the arbitraje as an alternate resolution method for workplace conflicts, in this way, a more critical point of view can be developed about the possibility of the arbitraje usage regulated in the “Ley Procesal del Trabajo” which once again has been regulated in the “Nueva Ley Procesal del Trabajo”. For that purpose, the author analyzes the different points of view existing in the doctrine as well as the ones in the jurisprudence about the labour arbitration situation in the “Ley General de Arbitraje”, followed by this, it will be analyzed the regulation contained in the “Nueva Ley Procesal del Trabajo”.El presente artículo nos brinda una visión acerca del uso del arbitraje como método de resolución de conflictos alterno en el ámbito de los conflictos laborales, así, se desarrolla una mirada crítica sobre la posibilidad del uso del arbitraje que se encontraba regulada en la Ley Procesal del Trabajo y que, nuevamente, ha sido regulada en la Nueva Ley Procesal del Trabajo. Para ello, el autor analiza las posiciones existentes tanto en la doctrina como en la jurisprudencia sobre la situación del arbitraje laboral en la Ley General de Arbitraje, luego de lo cual se analizará la regulación contenida en la Nueva Ley Procesal del Trabajo.
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Möller, Elinor. „Tillämplig lag för arv och testamente“. Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Commercial Law, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12212.
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Abstract
Sweden applies two different private international statutes to establish which country´s domestic law that is applicable in a certain situation regarding succession and will with connection to two or more states. The first private international law is the one used in relations between Sweden and the other Nordic states. The other private international law is the one used between Sweden and all other states than the Nordic ones. A proposal for a Regulation that regulate jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and authentic instruments in matters of succession and the creation of a European Certificate of Succession has been prepared by the Commission and was published in October 2009. This regulation will, if it enters into force, modify the situation in Sweden for applicable law on a situation regarding succession and will. A comparison between Swedish private international law regarding applicable law and the rules regarding applicable law according to the Regulation is performed in this thesis.
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Hernandez, Eduardo Arturo Vantini. „Inovações do Código de Processo Civil e seus reflexos no Direito Processual do Trabalho : uma análise crítica das leis n.10352/01, n.10358/01, n.10444/02, n.11187/05, 11232/05, n.11276/06, n.11277/06, n.11280/06 e n.11382/06 /“. Franca : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89879.
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Orientador: Enoque Ribeiro dos SantosBanca: Ronaldo Lima dos Santos
Banca: Elisabete Maniglia
Resumo: O Direito é uma ciência em constante evolução e adaptação aos anseios sociais em determinado local em certo momento histórico, por isso podemos dizer que estamos falando de uma ciência em construção. Nesse sentido, o Direito não se encontra pronto e acabado, especialmente em países de tradição legiferante como o Brasil, mas se faz renovado a cada dia, com a implementação de novas normas nos mais variados assuntos. No presente trabalho veremos um estudo das recentes alterações legislativas ocorridas no Direito Processual Civil e seus principais reflexos no Direito Processual do Trabalho, através da análise crítica das Leis n.º 10.352/01, n.º 10.358/01, n.º 10.444/02, n.º 11.187/05, n.º 11.232/05, n.º 11.276/06, n.º 11.277/06, n.º 11.280/06 e n.º 11.382/06. No primeiro capítulo, deste estudo, tem-se uma abordagem sobre os princípios e fontes do direito do trabalho como premissas hermenêuticas a nortear e fundamentar os demais capítulos da pesquisa. Na seqüência, encontra-se um capítulo que trata do ordenamento jurídico de maneira genérica, sua autonomia, a noção de sistema e a relação existente entre as disciplinas estudadas; de forma especifica verifica-se a abordagem de questões hermenêuticas, para fundamentação e aplicação das normas do processo civil ao processo do trabalho. Superados as questões propedêuticas dos primeiros capítulos, passa-se a explorar especificamente as alterações efetuadas no Direito Processual Civil, procurando de forma prática e conclusiva demonstrar sua co-relação e eventual utilização no Direito Processual do Trabalho. O estudo nesse capítulo é complementado com referências jurisprudenciais a fim de confrontar o entendimento empossado com a tendência do judiciário ao decidir o caso concreto. O desenvolvimento da presente pesquisa, não procura atender a um único objetivo, mas de maneira geral... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Law is a science in a constant evolution and adaptation to the social cravings in a certain place and in a certain historic moment, because of that we can say we are talking about a science under construction. With that meaning, the Law is not ready and done, especially in countries of legislative tradition like Brazil, but it is renewed at every single day with implementation of new norms about the most varied subjects. This paper shows a study of the recent legislative alterations occurred in the Civil Procedural Law and its main reflexes in the Work Procedure Law through the critical analysis of the Laws nº 10.352/01, nº 10.358/01, nº 10.444/02, nº 11.187/05, nº 11.232/05, nº 11.276/06, nº 11.277/06, nº 11.280/06 and nº 11.382/06. In the study performed in the first chapter, there is an approach about the principles and sources of the labor law as hermeneutic premises to lead and ground the other chapters of the research. In the sequence, there is a chapter about the legal system in a generic way, its autonomy, the notion of system and the relation found in the studied disciplines; in a specific way, an approach of hermeneutic matters is checked to foundation and implementation of the norms of the civil procedure to the labor procedure. Solved the propaedeutic matters of the first chapters, an exploration, specifically in the alterations performed in the Civil Procedural Law, starts to be done; trying to show, in a practical and conclusive way, its correlation and possible use in the Work Procedural Law. The study in this chapter is concluded with jurisprudential references in order to confront the understanding installed with the tendency of the judiciary when deciding the concrete case. The development of the present research does not try to serve an only objective, but in a general way, to show the complexity and the incompleteness of the legal system, in a way... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Leite, Henrique de Andrade. „Reclamação constitucional : natureza jurídica, algumas hipóteses polêmicas de cabimento e necessidade da medida excepcional“. Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2010. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1023.
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A reclamação constitucional é medida processual, expressamente prevista na Constituição Federal para preservação da competência e garantia da autoridade das decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal e do Superior Tribunal de Justiça. O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar o referido instituto processual, especificamente no que se refere às questões mais polêmicas e importantes que o envolvem. A construção
histórica da reclamação, através de suas sucessivas fases, dá mostras de que seu surgimento derivou da constatação da necessidade, pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, de dispor de um instrumento que o permitisse preservar sua competência e garantir que suas decisões fossem efetivamente cumpridas, o que aponta para uma relutância
existente entre os juízes e tribunais que se submetiam à sua jurisdição. Desde a gênese da reclamação discute-se a sua natureza jurídica, que passou de exercício de direito de petição aos Poderes Públicos, inicialmente, para ação autônoma, constitucional, quando
da entrada em vigor da atual Constituição. Apesar do impasse ainda existente, sobretudo em razão do recente entendimento adotado pelo STF de que a reclamação configura-se como exercício de direito de petição, a melhor conclusão é a de que ela se reveste das características inerentes à ação, sendo esta a sua natureza. Considerada como ação, a reclamação, diferente do que decidiu o STF, não poderia ser estendida às Constituições Estaduais, uma vez que a União detém a competência privativa para legislar sobre direito processual. Além disso, os Tribunais de Justiça já dispõem de
suficientes mecanismos no direito processual para preservação de sua competência e garantia da autoridade de suas decisões, razão que torna a reclamação nos Estados, além de inconstitucional, desnecessária. Ao contrário, é constitucional e necessária a
reclamação para o STJ, contra decisões dos juizados especiais estaduais que desrespeitam a sua orientação jurisprudencial relativa à interpretação da lei federal. Também é cabível a reclamação em face de decisão que nega trânsito ao agravo de instrumento interposto contra o indevido sobrestamento e contra a declaração de prejuízo do recurso extraordinário pelo Tribunal de origem, a partir do exame da
repercussão geral e do mérito do recurso considerado como paradigma. A reclamação só é constitucional quando ajuizada ao STF e STJ. No STM, perante o qual é cabível vez que determinada em lei federal, é apenas reclamação, apesar de ter idênticos objetivos. No que tange aos demais tribunais, a saber, TST, TSE e TRFs, a reclamação, ainda que prevista em regimentos internos ou resoluções, é inconstitucional, ante a ausência de disciplina constitucional e de lei federal que a institua. A reclamação poderia ser substituída pelos existentes mecanismos de preservação de competência, para tal função específica. Impressiona a necessidade de medida que objetiva garantir o cumprimento de decisões para as quais não se deveria cogitar o descumprimento, tanto mais quando se trata do STF e do STJ, de tanta relevância no modelo constitucional adotado. Atualmente surge um risco à prestação jurisdicional do STF, que necessita ser
avaliado: a probabilidade de um significativo incremento em sua já expressiva carga de trabalho, em face da possibilidade de reclamação constitucional contra ato de autoridade judicial ou administrativa que desrespeite súmula vinculante. A saída deve ser rapidamente pensada e implementada sob pena da Corte ser transformada em tribunal de primeiro grau de jurisdição. Mas não se pode responsabilizar o instituto processual em si pelas mazelas que carrega. A reclamação constitucional existe porque foi tida como necessária e continua sendo até hoje. Digno de maior reflexão é o desrespeito às decisões judiciais no Brasil, que demonstra o quadro de afronta aos princípios e normas estabelecidos pela Constituição.The constitutional complaint is a procedural measure provided for in the Federal Constitution. Its purpose is to preserve the competence and guarantee of authority of the decisions of the Supreme Federal Court (STF) and Superior Court of Justice (STJ). The objective of this work is to analyze this procedural institute, specifically in terms of the more polemic and important issues surrounding it. The history of the constitutional complaint, through its successive phases, shows signs that it emerged out of a need perceived, by the Federal Supreme Court, for an instrument that would preserve its competence and ensure effective compliance with its decisions, which indicates reluctance among the judges and the courts that submit to its jurisdiction. From the origins of the complaint, it discusses its legal nature, which went from being an exercise of the right to petition the Public Authorities, at its outset, to an autonomous, constitutional action, when the current Constitution came into force. Despite the stalemate that still exists, particularly in regard to the recent understanding adopted by the STF that the complaint is an exercise of the right to petition, the best conclusion is that it assumes characteristics inherent to the action, this being its nature. Considered as an action, the complaint, contrary to the decision of the STF, cannot be extended to the State Constitutions, as the Union holds the private competence to legislate a procedural law. Furthermore, the courts already have sufficient mechanisms in procedural law to preserve the competence and guarantee of authority of their decisions, therefore the complaint, at State level, besides being unconstitutional, is also unnecessary. On the contrary, the complaint is both constitutional and necessary for the STJ, against decisions of the special state courts that fail to respect its jurisprudential guidance relative to the interpretation of the federal law. The complaint is also appropriate in the case of the decision that prevents the interlocutory appeal filed against undue dismissal and against the declaration of damage to the extraordinary appeal by the Court of origin from becoming final and unappealable, based on the examination of general repercussions and of the merit of the appeal held as a paradigm. The complaint is only constitutional when judged in the STF and STJ. In the Superior Military Court (STM), before which it is appropriate since it is determined by federal law, it is only a complaint, despite having identical objectives. In relation to the other courts, i.e. the Superior Labor Court (TST), Superior Electoral Court (TSE) and Regional Federal court (TRF), the complaint, although regulated by internal regimens or resolutions, is unconstitutional, since there is no constitutional discipline or a federal law that institutes it. The complaint may be replaced by the existing mechanisms for the preservation of competence, for this specific function. The need is emphasized for a measure that seeks to guarantee the fulfillment of decisions for which non-compliance should not be considered, even more so in relation to the STF and STJ, which are of such importance in the constitutional model adopted. Currently, a risk to the jurisdictional provision of the STF is emerging, which needs to be evaluated, namely, the likelihood of a further increase in its already significant workload, due to the possibility of constitutional complaint against the act of judicial or administrative authority that disrespects the binding precedent. A solution needs to be found quickly, and put into practice, before the court is transformed into a court of first instance. But one cannot hold the procedural institute responsible, in itself, for the evils it carries. The constitutional complaint exists because it was deemed necessary, and continues to be necessary today. Worthy of deeper reflection, it is the disrespect of the legal decisions in Brazil that demonstrates an affront to the principles and regulations established by the Constitution.