Thematische Bibliographien / Relativ tendens

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Relativ tendens“

Autor: Grafiati
Veröffentlicht am 30. Juni 2021
Zuletzt aktualisiert am 18. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Relativ tendens"

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Mailand, Mikkel. "Partsinddragelsen i beskæftigelsespolitiske reformer under VK-regeringen — kontinuitet eller forandring?" Tidsskrift for Arbejdsliv 10, no. 3 (2008): 039–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/tfa.v10i3.108710.

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I artiklen analyseres partsinddragelsen i Flere i arbejde og den beskæftigelsespolitiske del af Strukturreformen. Både den politisk-administrative og den korporatistiske arena har været anvendt i beslutningsprocesserne, om end i varierende omfang. Parternes indflydelse er alt i alt ikke væsentligt reduceret i forhold til situationen i 1990'erne. Der er snarere tale om en fortsættelse af en tendens hen imod svagere partsindflydelse i politikformuleringen, men fortsat stærk påvirkning i dagsorden- og politikfastsættelsen. Beskæftigelsesministeriet følger i stigende grad en strategi, hvor indledende øvelser og analysearbejde forberedes af embedsmænd i en relativ lukket proces og parterne først bliver involveret (enkeltvis og overvejende uformelt), når ministeriet har sine prioriteringer vedrørende overordnede mål og midler klarlagt. Indfl ydelse på reformer er derfor ikke i samme omfang som tidligere noget parterne får, men noget de i stigende grad må forsøge at ta'.
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Berjoza, Antons, and Juris Paiders. "Relatīvā biežuma vērtēšanas metodes izmantošana Latvijas primāro eksporta nozaru attīstības tendenču pētīšanā." Folia Geographica 15 (2016): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/fg.15.29.

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Oh, Tae-Kon. "Cybersquatting-related Precedent Tendency." Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information 18, no. 11 (2013): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.9708/jksci.2013.18.11.221.

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Cuyler, Christine, and Nils A. Øritsland. "Rain more important than windchill for insulation loss in Svalbard reindeer fur." Rangifer 24, no. 1 (2004): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.24.1.262.

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Heat transfer through dry and wet Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) summer and winter midback fur samples was studied in a wind tunnel. A light wetting water spray simulated heavy fog, mist or light rain, while heavy soaking simulated heavy rain. Wind velocities ranged from 0 to 10 m.s-1. Calf fur samples were from June, August and March. Adult fur samples were females from August and March. There was no evidence for increased heat loss from lightly wet fur relative to dry fur. Calm air conductance decreased for calf fur (P’s < 0.05). Adult fur also decreased, however, the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). Further, wind coefficients and regressions for lightly wet fur were similar or below those for dry fur. A thin water film forming on the fur surface may have caused this. It is unlikely that a light rain, fog or mist would cause increased heat loss for Svalbard reindeer, and no increase of metabolic heat production would be needed to maintain thermoregulation. Only the simulated heavy rain dramatically raised heat loss from the fur samples examined regardless of age or season, e.g., heavy soaking increased calm air conductance for all furs (P’s < 0.05). This was likely due to the addition of evaporative heat loss from the fur surface and a reduction in the amount of trapped air within the fur. Windchill was of minor importance, since wind coefficients were generally close to zero, meaning increasing wind velocity only marginally raised heat loss even with the added effect of evaporative heat loss. Rain would cause greater insulation loss than increasing wind velocity in Svalbard reindeer of all ages, with the exception of calves under one month old, which could experience dramatic insulation loss from a combination of heavy rain and windchill. Dry or wet, Svalbard reindeer fur appears to provide better insulation than fur of others of their species.Abstract in Danish / Abstrakt: Varmetab fra tørre og våde Svalbard rensdyr (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) blev studeret fra midtrygs pelsprøver fra henholdsvis sommer og vinter. Pelsprøverne målte 30 cm x 30 cm og blev undersøgt i en vindtunnel. En simuleret tæt tåge eller støvregn blev dannet ved at fugte pelsprøverne med vandsprøjtning, mens gennemblødning simulerede kraftig regnvejr. Vindhastighed varierede fra 0 til 10 m.s-1. Pelsprøver fra kalve blev indsamlet i juni, august og marts, og fra voksne simler i august og marts. Der var ingen tegn på øget varmetab fra let fugtige pelsprøve relativ til de tørre pelsprøve. Vindstillekonduktansen var reducerede i kalvepelsprøve (P’s < 0.05). Samme tendens blev ligeledes observeret i pelsprøverne fra de voksne dyr, men ingen signifikant forskel (P’s > 0.05). Desuden var vindkoefficienter og regressionslinjer fra let fugtige pelsprøve meget lig de tørre pelsprøve, eller mindre. Dette kan være forårsaget af en tynd vandhinde på pelsprøvens overflade. Formodentlig vil der ikke forekomme øget varmetab hos Svalbard rensdyr ved tæt tåge eller støvregn, hvilket betyder at stofskiftet ikke øges for at bibeholde termobalancen. Kun kraftig regn, øgede varmetabet fra samtlige prøver uanset dyrets alder eller årstid. Dette blev påvist ved at vindstillekonduktansen var steget (P’s < 0.05), antageligt forårsaget af det tilføjet fordampningsvarmetab fra pelsens overflade, samt en reduktion af indfanget stilleluft i selve pelsen. Vindchill var af meget lille betydning idet vindkoefficienter generelt var lig nul. Dette medfører at øget vindhastighed kun øger varmetabet meget lidt i våde pelsprøve. Kraftig regnvejr giver større tab af isolation end en øgning i vindhastighed for Svalbard rensdyr, undtagen kalve under en måneden gamle, som bliver udsat for et dramatiske isolationstab som følge af en kombination af kraftig regnvejr og vindfaktor. I både tør eller våd tilstand har Svalbard rensdyr tilsyneladende en bedre isolation end andre underarter af rensdyr.
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Tromans, Desmond. "Corrosion-Related Failure of Post Stressed Tendons." ECS Transactions 3, no. 13 (2019): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2721436.

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MEMDUHOĞLU, Hasan Basri, and Elif KELEŞ. "Evaluation of the Relation between Critical-Thinking Tendency and Problem-Solving Skills of Pre-Service Teachers." Journal of Educational Sciences Research 6, no. 2 (2016): 75–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.12973/jesr.2016.62.5.

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Borg, Alexander N., Chris Miller, and Matthias Schmitt. "Localised myocardial scar related to left ventricular false tendons." European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging 13, no. 9 (2012): 795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jes062.

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Sánchez, Dani, David Bastida, Jordi Burés, Carles Isart, Oriol Pineda, and Jaume Vilarrasa. "Relative Tendency of Carbonyl Compounds To Form Enamines." Organic Letters 14, no. 2 (2012): 536–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol203157s.

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Ferrill, David A., Kevin J. Smart, and Alan P. Morris. "Fault failure modes, deformation mechanisms, dilation tendency, slip tendency, and conduits v. seals." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 496, no. 1 (2019): 75–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp496-2019-7.

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AbstractFaults have complicated shapes. Non-planarity of faults can be caused by variations in failure modes, which in turn are dictated by mechanical stratigraphy interacting with the ambient stress field, as well as by linkage of fault segments. Different portions of a fault or fault zone may experience volume gain, volume conservation and volume loss simultaneously depending on the position along a fault's surface, the stresses resolved on the fault and the associated deformation mechanisms. This variation in deformation style and associated volume change has a profound effect on the ability of a fault to transmit (or impede) fluid both along and across the fault. In this paper we explore interrelated concepts of failure mode and resolved stress analysis, and provide examples of fault geometry in normal faulting and reverse faulting stress regimes that illustrate the effects of fault geometry on failure behaviour and related importance to fluid transmission. In particular, we emphasize the utility of using relative dilation tendency v. slip tendency on fault patches as a predictor of deformation behaviour, and suggest this parameter space as a new tool for evaluating conduit v. seal behaviour of faults.
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Joyce, David. "The Cancer Related Thrombotic Tendency in Sepsis." Current Drug Targets 8, no. 4 (2007): 543–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945007780362773.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Relativ tendens"

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Karlsson, Rolf Johan Alexander. "”en kamp på liv og død” : -Ett metaperspektiv på läroböcker, och hur de uttrycker historiekultur." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och kulturvetenskap (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-85089.

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This study is based on the fact that different groups have different historical frames of references, that are based on a group's unique historical cultural structure, within which the individual operates. Research shows, among other things, that people who are perceived to have had a positive significance for their own nation are sometimes highlighted for political reasons. Research also shows that students perceive their textbooks as the only historical truth, which contributes to internalization of a certain history culture. The purpose of the study is to compare different textbooks from Sweden and Norway and in the light of the countries' different experiences compare how the Second World War is presented. The method used is comparison of relative tendency based on two main themes. The theory in the study is based on Jörn Rüsen's description of history culture as divided into three dimensions, which has not been done in a similar way before. History culture has rather been a support concept for, for example, gender. The results show that there are aspects that are portrayed unanimously positive, such as Winston Churchill, while Sweden is described to varying degrees as submissive and weak, which is a contrast to Norway, that is described as fighting and steadfast. Finland is described both positively and negatively in the source material. Furthermore, the results show that analysis of textbooks based on the concept of history culture is feasible even if it has certain problems, and that an approach using history culture can be applied to remedy some problems that previous research has described in relation to history culture in schools.<br>Denna studie tar sin utgångspunkt i faktumet att olika grupper har olika historisk referensram, vilket grundar sig i en för gruppen unik historiekulturell struktur, inom vilken individen verkar. Forskning visar bland annat att personer som uppfattas ha haft en positiv betydelse för den egna nationen ibland lyfts fram av politiska orsaker. Forskning visar också att elever uppfattar sina läroböcker som den enda historiska sanningen, vilket leder till att de internaliserar en viss historiekultur. Syftet med studien är att jämföra olika läroböcker från Sverige och Norge och mot bakgrund av ländernas olika erfarenheter jämföra hur andra världskriget framställs. Metoden som använts är komparation av relativ tendens utifrån två huvudsakliga teman. Teorin i studien utgår från Jörn Rüsens beskrivning av historiekultur som delad i tre dimensioner vilket inte gjorts på liknade sätt tidigare, historiekultur har snarare varit stödbegrepp till exempelvis genus. Resultatet visar att det finns företeelser som lyfts från enhälligt positivt som exempelvis Winston Churchill, medan Sverige i olika grad beskrivs som undfallande och svagt vilket är en kontrast mot Norge som beskrivs som kämpande och ståndaktigt. Finland beskrivs både positivt och negativt i källmaterialet. Resultatet visar också på att en analys av läroböcker utifrån en teori om historiekultur är görbar även om den har vissa problem. Det visar också att en historiekulturell ansats kan tillämpas för att råda bot på problem som tidigare forskning beskrivit i förhållande till historiekulturen i skolan.
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Geremia, Jeam Marcel. "Ruptura total do tendão de Aquiles : propriedades mecânicas tendíneas em indivíduos submetidos a diferentes protocolos de reabilitação." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/40435.

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Introdução. Rupturas agudas do tendão de Aquiles afetam as propriedades mecânicas tendíneas. Estudos vêm preconizando o uso de mobilização precoce (tratamento acelerado) para evitar grandes prejuízos tendíneos. Entretanto, estudos que avaliem as propriedades mecânicas do tendão de Aquiles de humanos após ruptura total, submetidos à mobilização precoce, não foram encontrados na literatura específica da área. Objetivo: comparar as propriedades mecânicas e morfológicas do tendão de Aquiles entre pacientes submetidos a tratamento conservador e pacientes submetidos a tratamento acelerado (mobilização precoce) após a sutura do tendão de Aquiles. Materiais e Métodos: A amostra foi dividida intencionalmente em três grupos: controle (CTR; n=9), grupo conservador (CON; n=9; Pós-Cirúrgico: 28,3±3,6 meses) e grupo acelerado (ACE; n=9; Pós-Cirúrgico: 29,8±4,8 meses). Um dinamômetro isocinético foi utilizado para avaliação do torque dos grupos musculares flexores plantares e flexores dorsais do tornozelo. Foram obtidos os valores de área de secção transversa (AST) e comprimento do tendão (CT) de Aquiles. Para a avaliação da relação stress-strain os sujeitos realizaram duas contrações voluntárias máximas em rampa para flexão plantar no ângulo de 0º com duração de 10 segundos cada. Durante as duas contrações voluntárias máximas o deslocamento da JMT do músculo gastrocnêmio medial com o tendão de Aquiles foi verificado por meio de ultrassonografia utilizando uma sonda com arranjo linear. Simultaneamente a este procedimento, foi adquirido o sinal eletromiográfico do músculo tibial anterior, utilizado para a correção da força do tendão de Aquiles. As imagens necessárias para o cálculo do strain, bem como os sinais EMG e de torque foram sincronizados. Os valores máximos de stress, strain, força, deformação, módulo de Young, CT e AST foram comparados. Resultados: Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas propriedades mecânicas e morfológicas entre membros do grupo CTR. Não houve diferença significativa entre os membros saudáveis dos grupos CON e ACE e os do grupo CTR. Dessa forma, os membros saudáveis dos grupos CON e ACE foram utilizados como controle do membro lesão em ambos os grupos. Tanto no grupo CON, quanto no grupo ACE, o stress, a força e o módulo de Young apresentaram menores valores no membro lesionado, enquanto que o strain obtido em 10MPa e a AST foram maiores neste membro comparado ao contralateral saudável. Não houve diferença significativa no CT entre os membros, independente do grupo. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas propriedades mecânicas, bem como na morfologia do tendão de Aquiles na comparação entre os membros lesionados dos grupos CON e ACE. Discussão: Esta maior complacência tendínea encontrada nos tendões lesados, independente do grupo, pode estar associada tanto as adaptações decorrentes da lesão que não recuperaram a níveis de normalidade, bem como a mudança nos hábitos de vida após a lesão. Além disso, o protocolo acelerado de reabilitação não foi capaz de reduzir as perdas advindas da ruptura tendínea. Tal resultado pode estar associado à especificidade do protocolo utilizado, que foi desenhado para ganho de flexibilidade no tornozelo e não para força muscular. Conclusão: Em um período mínimo de 21 meses de pós-operatório o tendão de Aquiles ainda apresenta efeitos deletérios da ruptura total nas propriedades estruturais e mecânicas do tendão. O protocolo de reabilitação utilizado não foi eficaz para a redução de tais efeitos.<br>Introduction. Acute Achilles tendon rupture affects the mechanical properties of the tendon. Despite the tendinous adaptations generated by decreased use, few studies have used early weight bearing (accelerated treatment) to avoid the large losses in the musculoskeletal tissues. In addition, studies that evaluated the mechanical properties of human Achilles tendon after acute rupture, subjected to early weight bearing were not found. Purpose: to compare the mechanical and morphological properties of the Achilles tendon between patients undergoing conservative and accelerated treatment, after Achilles tendon suture. Materials and Methods: subjects were intentionally allocated into three groups: control (CTR; n=9), conservative treatment (CON; n=9; Postsurgical time: 28.3±3.6 months) and accelerated treatment (ACC; n=9; Postsurgical time: 29.8±4.8 months). An isokinetic dynamometer was used to evaluate the torque production of ankle dorsi- and plantar-flexor muscles. The values of Achilles tendon cross sectional area (CSA) and length were obtained. To evaluate the stress-strain relation, patients were asked to produce two isometric maximal voluntary contractions during a ramp protocol (angle: neutral position; duration: 10 seconds) of the plantar flexor muscles. During the maximal contractions the displacement of the myotendinous junction of the gastrocnemius medialis muscle was evaluated by ultrasound with a linear array probe. Simultaneously, the electromyography (EMG) signal of the tibialis anterior was recorded, and used to correct the Achilles tendon force. The ultrasound images, EMG signals and torque were synchronized. The maximal values of stress, strain, force, displacement, Young’s modulus, tendon length and CSA were compared. Results: there were no significant differences in the morphological and mechanical properties between limbs in the CTR group. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the morphological and mechanical properties between healthy limbs amongst groups. Thus, the healthy limbs of the CON and ACC groups were used as control of the injured limb. In CON and ACC groups the stress, force and Young’s modulus had lower values in the injured limb compared to the contralateral healthy limb, while the strain obtained at 10MPa and the CSA were higher in the injured limb. There were no significant differences in the tendon length between groups and limbs. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the morphological and mechanical properties between injured limbs (CON and ACC). Discussion: The highest tendinous compliance found on the injured tendons, independent of the group might be associated to both the adaptations due to injury that did not return to normal healthy levels and to possible changes in the daily life activities after injury. In addition, the accelerated treatment was unable to reduce the losses due to tendon rupture. These results might be associated to the specificity of the rehabilitation protocol used that was designed for the gain of flexibility and not for strength gains. Conclusion: Twenty-one months post-surgery were unable to recover the deleterious effects of acute Achilles tendon rupture on the structural and mechanical tendon properties. The accelerated rehabilitation protocol was ineffective to reduce these deleterious effects.
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Avella, Charlotte Sinclair. "Strain related differential regulation of tendon extracellular matrix proteins." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558956.

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Bologna, Daniele. "Investigating the Relation between Maximizing Tendency and Performance." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier151126874445227.

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Stanley, Rachael Louise. "Age- and exercise-related changes in tenocyte subpopulations of energy-storing and positional tendons." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428153.

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Lejtnar, Petr Bc. "Tendence ve vývoji objemu a struktury veřejného dluhu zemí EU." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-1219.

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Práce se zabývá základními tendencemi ve vývoji objemu a struktury veřejného dluhu v zemích EU. Upozorňuje na nejvíce charakteristické trendy identifikované v zemích EU v posledním desetiletí a ukazuje, do jaké míry se vývoj veřejného zadlužení ČR podobá tomu evropskému. Práce se věnuje i možným příčinám, které vedou ke vzniku veřejného dluhu, důsledkům jeho existence i potenciálním možnostem řešení tohoto problému.
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Spang, Christoph. "The plantaris tendon in relation to the Achilles tendon in midportion Achilles tendinopathy : studies on morphology, innervation and signalling substances." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för integrativ medicinsk biologi (IMB), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-103292.

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Midportion Achilles tendinopathy (tendinosis) is a troublesome painful condition, often characterised by pain, local swelling, tenderness and functional disability. Despite extensive research, the pathogenesis is poorly understood and treatment remains challenging. Features related to the peritendinous connective tissue can be of importance. Recently it has been suggested that the plantaris tendon might be involved in this condition. Furthermore, it has been hypothesised that tendon pain and the tendinosis-related tissue changes in tendinopathy might be mediated by signalling substances such as glutamate and acetylcholine. A clinical observation, not scientifically evaluated, has been that unilateral treatment for bilateral Achilles tendinosis can lead to an effect on the contralateral side.      The aim of this work was to examine the morphology and innervation patterns in the plantaris tendon and the peritendinous connective tissue in between the Achillles and plantaris tendons in midportion Achilles tendinopathy, and to evaluate if plantaris tendon removal has an effect on Achilles tendon structure. Another aim was to determine if unilateral treatment for Achilles tendinopathy targeting the peritendinous connective tissue can result in bilateral recovery. Furthermore the presence of non-neuronal cholinergic and glutamate systems was examined.      Sections of plantaris tendons with adjacent peritendinous connective tissue from patients with midportion Achilles tendinopathy were stained for morphology (H&amp;E), and innervation patterns were evaluated using antibodies against general nerve marker (PGP9.5), sensory (CGRP) and sympathetic (TH) nerve fibres and Schwann cells (S-100β). Furthermore immunostainings against non-neuronal aceylcholine (ChAT) and glutamate signalling components (glutamate, VGluT2, NMDAR1) were performed. Plantaris tendon cells were cultured and also stained for glutamate signalling components, and were stimulated with glutamate and glutamate receptor agonist NMDA. Furthermore, Ultrasound Tissue Characterisation (UTC) was used to monitor the integrity of the Achilles tendon collagen structure after plantaris tendon removal.      Plantaris tendons exhibited tendinosis-like tissue patterns such as hypercellularity, collagen disorganisation and large numbers of blood vessels. The peritendinous connective tissue between the plantaris and Achilles tendons contained large numbers of fibroblasts and blood vessels and to some extent macrophages and mast cells. A marked innervation was found in the peritendinous connective tissue and there were also nerve fibres in the loose connective tissue spaces within the tendon tissue proper. Most nerve fibres were identified as sensory fibres. Some nerve fascicles in the peritendinous connective tissue showed absence of axons but homogenous reactions for Schwann cell marker. Tenocytes and cells in the peritendinous connective tissue expressed ChAT, glutamate, VGluT2 and NMDAR1. Tendon cells in vitro expressed VGluT2, NMDAR1 and glutamate. UTC showed significant improvement of Achilles tendon integrity 6 months after surgical plantaris tendon removal and scraping procedure. Eleven out of thirteen patients reported of a bilateral recovery after unilateral surgical treatment.      The results of this work show that plantaris tendons exhibit tendinosis-like tissue changes, internal innervation and features that suggest occurrence of glutamate and acetylcholine production and signalling. Plantaris removal improves Achilles tendon structure suggesting possible compressive/shearing interference between the Achilles and plantaris tendons in tendinopathy. The peritendinous connective tissue shows marked innervation, which thus might transmit pain when being compressed. The partial absence of axons indicates a possible nerve degeneration. On the whole, the study gives new evidence favouring that the plantaris tendon and the peritendinous connective tissue might be of importance for pain and the tendinopathy process in midportion Achilles tendinopathy.
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Dressler, Matthew R. "Age-related changes and cell-based repair of the patellar tendon." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1092080591.

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Bragante, Tatiana. "Medidas relativas das estruturas que compõem a articulação metacarpofalangeana em eqüinos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-04042007-182911/.

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Visou-se neste estudo criar uma forma de qualidade preditiva, buscando uma padronização das estruturas que compõem a articulação metacarpofalangeana, através do método de corte pós-congelamento e mensuração das estruturas nas medidas de espessura e largura. Então através da análise estatística foi possível gerar esse padrão para as seguintes estruturas: tendão flexor digital superficial, tendão flexor digital profundo, cápsula articular, ligamento extensor, ligamento intersesamoideo e ainda correlacionar os valores obtidos, visando agora à interligação de estruturas em seu estado de normalidade, para que pudesse ser aplicado em situações de injúrias. Dentro das estruturas analisadas a que mais apresentou variações foi a cápsula articular, talvez pela falta de padronização no momento da coleta (idade, função, histórico clínico). No caso da correlação não foi possível chegar a valores significativos, uma vez que a correlação apresentou-se baixa para a maioria das estruturas.<br>This study, try to create a predicative quality, looking for a pattern for the structures that compose the metacarpophalangeal joint, using the method of cutting after freezing and making the measures of the structures in denseness and largeness. Then through the statistics analysis it was possible to create the pattern to the following structures: superficial digital flexor tendon, deep digital flexor tendon, articular capsule, extensor ligaments, intersesamoids ligaments and still make the correlation with the numbers that was found, trying to get the interconnect of the structures in the normal position, to be used in injuries situations. The articular capsule was the structure that shows the highest variation, maybe because there was not a pattern at the moment of collecting (age, function, clinical historical). In the correlation it was not possible to find significant values, once the correlation was low to the majority of structures.
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Snowden, Jessica L. "Explicit and implicit bias measures : their relation and utility as predictors of criminal verdict tendency /." Electronic version (PDF), 2005. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2005/snowdenj/jessicasnowden.pdf.

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Bücher zum Thema "Relativ tendens"

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Patry, Louis. Guide to the diagnosis of work-related musculoskeletal disorders: Shoulder tendinitis. Éditions MultiMondes, 1998.

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McKenna, Justin. Irish takeover legislation: Legislation relating to takeovers of public companies in Ireland. Tottel, 2009.

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Irish takeover legislation: Legislation relating to takeovers of public companies in Ireland. Tottel, 2009.

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McKenna, Justin. Irish takeover legislation: Legislation relating to takeovers of public companies in Ireland. Tottel, 2009.

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Vanuatu. Office of the Ombudsman. Public report on the breaches of the Government Contracts and Tenders Act, the Leadership Code Act and financil regulations in relation to Vanuatu Holdings limited. Office of the Ombudsman, Republic of Vanuatu, 2008.

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Vanuatu. Office of the Ombudsman. Public report on the breaches of the Government Contracts and Tenders Act, the Leadership Code Act and financil regulations in relation to Vanuatu Holdings limited. Office of the Ombudsman, Republic of Vanuatu, 2008.

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Devinder, Gupta, and Kumar P. N, eds. Sanjiva Row's commentary on law relating to Contract Act, 1872 and Tenders (Act no. IX of 1872): Special emphasis on law of indemnity and guarantee, bailment, agency, and tenders alongwith definition of commonly used terms in tenders, judicial interpretation of terms used in surveys, valuation etc., arbitration agreement and model forms on various important agreements and relevant extracts of certain allied acts. Delhi Law House, 2011.

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Cunningham, H. S. Cunningham's commentaries on Contract Act, 1872 (Act No. IX of 1872): Alongwith law relating to tenders, building, and engineering contracts, contracts in general and judicial remedies. Law Publishers (India), 2008.

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Conseil économique, social et culturel de Polynésie française. Avis relatif au projet de loi du pays tendant à instaurer la gratuité de la restauration scolaire dans l'enseignement du premier degré: Saisine du gouvernement. Conseil économique, social et culturel, 2005.

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Consiglio nazionale dell'economia e del lavoro (Italy). Osservazioni e proposte concernenti "Previsioni, tendenze ed evoluzione relative all'impiego del fattore umano e del reddito in agricoltura con particolare riguardo all'occupazione giovanile": (assemblea, 5 febbraio 1985, n. 203/150). Consiglio nazionale dell'economia e del lavoro, 1985.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Relativ tendens"

1

Bera, Sagir, Stephen R. Paul, and David Millward. "Tendons." In Sports-related Fractures, Dislocations and Trauma. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36790-9_34.

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Weise, Kuno. "Tendon Injuries." In General Trauma Care and Related Aspects. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88124-7_16.

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Celli, Andrea, Roger P. van Riet, Felix H. Savoie, Michael J. O’Brien, and Gregory Bain. "Triceps Tendon Repair: Open Techniques." In Surgical Techniques for Trauma and Sports Related Injuries of the Elbow. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58931-1_70.

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Pederzini, L. A., and F. Di Palma. "UCL Reconstruction with Gracilis Tendon Graft." In Surgical Techniques for Trauma and Sports Related Injuries of the Elbow. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58931-1_31.

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Qin, Ting Wu, Shujiang Zhang, Zhi Ming Yang, Xiang Tao Mo, and Xiu Qun Li. "Mechanical Properties and Related Histological Alterations of Engineered Tendons In Vivo." In Advanced Biomaterials VI. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-967-9.11.

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Ackermann, Paul W., and David A. Hart. "General Overview and Summary of Concepts Regarding Tendon Disease Topics Addressed Related to Metabolic Disorders." In Metabolic Influences on Risk for Tendon Disorders. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33943-6_28.

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Bhatia, Deepak N., and Gregory Bain. "Surgical Anatomy of the Distal Biceps Tendon." In Surgical Techniques for Trauma and Sports Related Injuries of the Elbow. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58931-1_55.

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van Riet, Roger P. "Triceps Reconstruction with an Achilles Tendon Allograft." In Surgical Techniques for Trauma and Sports Related Injuries of the Elbow. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58931-1_73.

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Guoping, Zhang, Sheng Jiatian, Yang Minglun, et al. "Tending to Saturated Gain of Soft X-Ray Laser at 23.2 and 23.6Nm." In Laser Interaction and Related Plasma Phenomena. Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3324-5_9.

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Caekebeke, Pieter, Gregory Bain, and Roger P. van Riet. "Distal Biceps Tendon Repair with the Endobutton Technique." In Surgical Techniques for Trauma and Sports Related Injuries of the Elbow. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58931-1_63.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Relativ tendens"

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Reese, Shawn P., and Eric N. Kubiak. "A Novel Flexor Tendon Repair Device: Biomechanical Testing in Cadaver Tendon and In-Vivo Verification Using a Rabbit Model." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14511.

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The digital flexor tendons of the hand, including the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP), are responsible for enabling finger flexion and gripping. Injuries involving a partial or complete laceration to the digital flexor tendons are common and associated with a high incidence of morbidity [1]. The current state of the art for flexor tendon repair is the use of two or more core sutures in combination with an epitendinous circumferential suture. There are inherent limitations to suture based methods, including a high level of skill required to perform the suture repair, increased surgical time and the tendency for sutures to strangulate the tissue (creating local tissue ischemia). Suture based repairs often result in sub-optimal clinical outcomes, with reported failure rates ranging from 4%–10% [2]. In order to address these limitations, a novel non-suture based repair device has been developed. The objectives of this study were twofold. The first objective was to determine the gapping strength of the device in cadaver FDP tendons so that comparisons could be made to values reported in the literature for suture based repairs. The second objective was to determine the in-vivo capability of the device to facilitate tendon repair, relative to a suture control, in a rabbit model at a five week time point.
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Wang, James H.-C. "Tendon Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma for Repair of Injured Tendons." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53204.

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Tendon injuries, including acute tendon injuries and tendinopathy, are common in both occupational and athletic settings. However, current treatments for tendon injury are largely ineffective, as they cannot restore normal structure and function to injured tendons. This challenge mainly stems from our incomplete understanding of tendon cell properties and responses to biomechanical and biochemical environments surrounding the cells. In recent years, however, significant progress has been made on two fronts. First, tendon stem cells (TSCs) have been recently identified. The tendon-specific stem cells can self-renew and posses multi-differentiation potential and as such, may be used to repair injured tendons more effectively. Second, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has now been widely used in orthopaedics and sports medicine to treat injured tendons. In this presentation, I will present data on TSCs, in terms of their differential properties with respect to tenocytes and their differential mechano-responses when subjected to small and large mechanical loading conditions. I will also discuss the basic scientific studies on PRP regarding its effects on TSCs, particularly on their differentiation, which is a critical issue related to the safety and efficacy of PRP treatment in clinics (Fig. 1).
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U., Man Chon, and Khaled Rasheed. "A Relative Tendency Based Stock Market Prediction System." In 2010 Ninth International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmla.2010.151.

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Xu, Ning, and Jun Zhang. "Pitch/Roll Static Stability of Tension Leg Platforms." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20625.

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Severe hurricanes in recent years have raised concerns about the safety and the robustness of the Tension Leg Platform (TLP) concept in the deep water Gulf of Mexico. This study investigates the static stability of different types of TLPs representing those deployed in the Gulf of Mexico, under three different scenarios. That is, a TLP with an intact tendon system, a partially damaged tendon system, and a completely damaged tendon system. The two types of TLP chosen for this study are the conventional four-leg TLP (C-TLP) and the Mono-column TLP. To avoid buckling and yielding occurring in a tendon, the maximum righting moment provided by an intact or partially damaged tendon system is reached when the tension in one or more tendons on the down tension leg becomes zero or when the tension in one or more tendons on the up tension leg reach the yielding strength. This definition leads us to identify the most sensitive directions of met-ocean conditions to a TLP with an intact or partially damaged tendon system. Hence, our finding may also be used in the study on the dynamic simulations of a TLP. The righting moments of each TLP in the three different scenarios are respectively computed and compared with related wind-induce static upsetting moment at certain velocities. By comparing their ratios, the static stability of a TLP and the redundancy of its tendon system may be revealed, which has important implication to its design.
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Adams, Corinne R., Mark A. Baldwin, Peter J. Laz, Paul J. Rullkoetter, and Joseph E. Langenderfer. "Development of a Computational Model to Study Effects of Rotator Cuff Tear Size and Location on Muscle Moment Arms." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176401.

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Rotator cuff tendon tear causes alterations to cuff muscle architecture and tendons including muscle fascicle contracture and increased tendon length, fatty infiltration of the muscle fibers, muscle fiber pennation angle changes, asymmetric muscle atrophy, and altered muscle fiber type composition, e.g. [1]. These changes ultimately result in a reduction in muscle force, and frequently lead to a reduction of shoulder strength and a loss of functionality. Recently, division of the cuff tendons in a manner related to cuff tear has been shown to alter tendon excursions and cause muscle moment arms reductions in a cadaver experiment [2] and a computational study [3]. Evaluations of the effects of cuff tear size and location on cuff muscle moment arms have not been conducted. Consequently, the mechanisms by which the muscle force and moment arm changes affect joint strength are not well understood. An improved understanding of these relationships would increase potential for rehabilitation of joint strength following cuff repair. Models for evaluating rotator cuff tear are non-existent since subject-specific models have focused on healthy normal shoulders. Consequently, models have not been used to quantify the effects of clinically observed changes in muscle and tendon architecture on muscle moment arm and force generating capacity.
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Szeberenyi, Andras, and Arpad Papp-Vary. "Research of microregion-related renewable energy tenders for local governments." In 20th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf280.

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Wu, Guangyu, Hyunchul Jang, Jang Whan Kim, Wei Ma, Muo-Chung Wu, and Jim O’Sullivan. "Benchmark of CFD Modeling of TLP Free Motion in Extreme Wave Event." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24658.

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In this study, a numerical wave tank was set up to simulate the free motion of a Tension Leg Platform (TLP) in extreme wave event. For better computational efficiency, a nonlinear potential flow solver is coupled with a CFD software, with the former to simulate the far-field wave domain and the latter to simulate the near-field wave domain and platform motion. In order to benchmark against model test, a five-minute time window of interest was selected from the extreme sea state in model test. The incoming irregular wave was firstly reconstructed from the measured wave time history using the nonlinear potential flow solver and then applied as input to CFD simulations for two different headings to the platform. Static offset tests and free decay tests were simulated in CFD initially to confirm that the platform and tendon properties were properly modeled. The 6-DOF platform motions were then obtained from the CFD simulations and the time histories of motion, air gap, and tendon tension were compared with model test measurements. Good agreements were achieved except for the initial transient period and low-frequency motions. In particular, the air gap or relative wave elevation compared well for all the locations around the platform. The high frequency response in tendon tension and the different tension characteristics of weather side tendons and leeside tendons were also well captured.
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Kim, Jeong-Du, and Beom-Seon Jang. "Application of the Global Optimization Method to the Preliminary Design of Tension Leg Platforms." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54567.

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The TLP requires a complicated and time-consuming design process. Principal dimension of hull form and tendons should be carefully determined with the consideration of many design requirements which dominantly affect the safety of the platform. In this paper, a global optimization system for both the hull-form and tendon system is developed. The maximum heave response and total weight of hull and tendons are formulated as an objective function with the several constraints related to the safety of platform. In order to find a technically and economically feasible design, a modelling and assessment processes are fully automated, which enables the algorithm can controls the modelling and analysis process while varying a set of design parameters until it figures out an optimum design. Major design requirements related to the safety of platform is assessed by ultimate limit state (ULS) and fatigue limit state (FLS) approach to ensure the accuracy of analysis. In the ULS approaches, every safety requirement is checked on the basis of the most unfavorable environments. FLS approach is conducted for all tendons since they suffer cyclic deformation for their service life, which results in collapse of mooring system with the relatively small wave loads. In the optimization module, a better set of design parameters is investigated by using a simulated annealing (SA) algorithm. Throughout the optimization system, both the heave responses and total weight of hull and tendons are improved while satisfying the all constraints related to the design requirements.
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Nadan, Paul M., and Christopher L. Lee. "Computational Design of a Bird-Inspired Perching Landing Gear Mechanism." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86615.

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To support the design of a mechanism with two opposing, underactuated, multi-segmented feet that enables a small UAV to grasp and perch upon a branch or similar structure, a hybrid empirical-computational model has been developed that can be used to predict whether the mechanism can kinematically grasp structures with a range of cross-section shapes and sizes in various orientations and to quantify the forces exerted by the grasp. The model, based on experimentally-determined parameters, relates the curvature of the feet to the displacement and tension of the cable tendon which is related in turn to the weight of the UAV. The working principle of the landing gear follows the anatomy of birds that grasp and perch as tendons in their legs and feet are tensioned. Results demonstrate how the model can be used to simulate and evaluate grasping in order to determine the size and weight of a UAV for landing and perching upon a range of target structures.
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Woo, Savio L. Y., Matthew B. Fisher, and Alejandro J. Almarza. "Regeneration of Ligaments and Tendons With ECM Bioscaffolds." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68870.

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Ligaments and tendons of the knee are subjected to large loads during sports and work related activities, and thus, are frequently injured. For the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL), there are over 100,000 and 50,000 annual tears, respectively, in the United States alone. As a torn ACL has limited healing potential, surgical reconstruction using autograft replacements, such as the bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) as well as the quadrupled semitendinosus and gracilis tendons, are performed in a large number of patients to restore knee stability. In spite of the over 25 years of experience, knee extension deficits and many long term complications associated with the BPTB autograft, including the progression of osteoarthritis, are serious post-surgical problems. Additionally, there are complications associated with donor site morbidity, anterior knee pain, arthrofibrosis, and inferior biomechanical properties of the patellar tendon (PT). In the case of MCL injuries, functional treatment is sufficient for rapid tissue healing; however, the neo-MCL is known to have significantly inferior tissue quality compared to the intact MCL, and the remodeling process can take years. Thus, it presents an increased chance for reinjury.
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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Relativ tendens"

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Witte, Joel, Svend Monson, Thomas Washington, Kris Cowart, and Rich Salasovich. An Investigation Relating Longitudinal Pilot-Induced Oscillation Tendency Ratings to Describing Function Predictions for Rate-Limited Actuators (Project MAX GAP). Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada421043.

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S. Abdellatif, Omar. Localizing Human Rights SDGs: Ghana in context. Raisina House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52008/gh2021sdg.

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In September 2015, Ghana along all UN member states endorsed the Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as the cardinal agenda towards achieving a prosperous global future. The SDGs are strongly interdependent, making progress in all goals essential for a country’s achievement of sustainable development. While Ghana and other West African nations have exhibited significant economic and democratic development post-independence. The judiciary system and related legal frameworks, as well as the lack of rule law and political will for safeguarding the human rights of its citizens, falls short of considering violations against minorities. Will Ghana be able to localize human rights related SDGs, given that West African governments historically tended to promote internal security and stability at the expense of universal human rights? This paper focuses on evaluating the commitments made by Ghana towards achieving Agenda 2030, with a particular focus on the SDGs 10 and 16 relating to the promotion of reduced inequalities, peace, justice and accountable institutions. Moreover, this paper also analyzes legal instruments and state laws put in place post Ghana’s democratization in 1992 for the purpose of preventing discrimination and human rights violations in the nation. The article aims to highlight how Ghana’s post-independence political experience, the lack of rule of law, flaws in the judiciary system, and the weak public access to justice are obstacles to its effective localization of human rights SGDs. Those obstacles to Ghana’s compliance with SDGs 10 and 16 are outlined in this paper through a consideration of human rights violations faced by the Ghanaian Muslim and HIV minorities, poor prison conditions, limited public access to justice and the country’s failure to commit to international treaties on human rights. Keywords: Ghana, human rights, rule of law, security, Agenda 2030
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Hutchinson, M. L., J. E. L. Corry, and R. H. Madden. A review of the impact of food processing on antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in secondary processed meats and meat products. Food Standards Agency, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.bxn990.

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For meat and meat products, secondary processes are those that relate to the downstream of the primary chilling of carcasses. Secondary processes include maturation chilling, deboning, portioning, mincing and other operations such as thermal processing (cooking) that create fresh meat, meat preparations and ready-to-eat meat products. This review systematically identified and summarised information relating to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) during the manufacture of secondary processed meatand meat products (SPMMP). Systematic searching of eight literature databases was undertaken and the resultantpapers were appraised for relevance to AMR and SPMMP. Consideration was made that the appraisal scores, undertaken by different reviewers, were consistent. Appraisal reduced the 11,000 initially identified documents to 74, which indicated that literature relating to AMR and SPMMP was not plentiful. A wide range of laboratory methods and breakpoint values (i.e. the concentration of antimicrobial used to assess sensitivity, tolerance or resistance) were used for the isolation of AMR bacteria.The identified papers provided evidence that AMR bacteria could be routinely isolated from SPMMP. There was no evidence that either confirmed or refuted that genetic materials capable of increasing AMR in non-AMR bacteria were present unprotected (i.e. outside of a cell or a capsid) in SPMMP. Statistical analyses were not straightforward because different authors used different laboratory methodologies.However, analyses using antibiotic organised into broadly-related groups indicated that Enterobacteriaceaeresistant to third generation cephalosporins might be an area of upcoming concern in SPMMP. The effective treatment of patients infected with Enterobacteriaceaeresistant to cephalosporins are a known clinical issue. No AMR associations with geography were observed and most of the publications identified tended to be from Europe and the far east.AMR Listeria monocytogenes and lactic acid bacteria could be tolerant to cleaning and disinfection in secondary processing environments. The basis of the tolerance could be genetic (e.g. efflux pumps) or environmental (e.g. biofilm growth). Persistent, plant resident, AMR L. monocytogenes were shown by one study to be the source of final product contamination. 4 AMR genes can be present in bacterial cultures used for the manufacture of fermented SPMMP. Furthermore, there was broad evidence that AMR loci could be transferred during meat fermentation, with refrigeration temperatures curtailing transfer rates. Given the potential for AMR transfer, it may be prudent to advise food business operators (FBOs) to use fermentation starter cultures that are AMR-free or not contained within easily mobilisable genetic elements. Thermal processing was seen to be the only secondary processing stage that served as a critical control point for numbers of AMR bacteria. There were significant linkages between some AMR genes in Salmonella. Quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) resistance genes were associated with copper, tetracycline and sulphonamide resistance by virtue of co-location on the same plasmid. No evidence was found that either supported or refuted that there was any association between AMR genes and genes that encoded an altered stress response or enhanced the survival of AMR bacteria exposed to harmful environmental conditions.
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National reports 2009-2019 - Rural NEET across Europe (14 countries reports). OST Action CA 18213: Rural NEET Youth Network: Modeling the risks underlying rural NEETs social exclusion, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/cisrnyn.nr14.2020.12.

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This report outlines in detail the situation of rural Youths Neither in Employment, nor in Education or Training (NEET) aged between 15 and 34 years old, over the last decade (2009-2019) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. To do this, the report utilised indicators of: you-th population; youth employment and unemployment; education; and, NEETs distribution. The characterisation of all indicators adopted the degree of urbanisation as a central cri-terion, enabling proportional comparisons between rural areas, towns and suburbs, cities and the whole country. These analyses are further divided into age subgroups and, where possible, into sex groups for greater detail. The statistical procedures adopted across the different selected dimensions involve: des-criptive longitudinal analysis; using graphical displays (e.g., overlay line charts); and, the calculation of proportional absolute and relative changes between 2009 and 2013, 2013 and 2019, and finally 2009 and 2019. These time ranges were chosen to capture the in-dicators evolution before and after the economic crisis which hit European countries. All data was extracted from ILOSTAT explorer public datasets.The analyses show that between 2009 and 2019 youth population in both rural and urban areas decreased. In general, a strong decline in youth population was observed within all categories, with the most significant decrease within the age group 25-29 (21.57%) and 15-19 (20.35%). Youth employment has tended to decrease overall, and the decrease is stron-ger within rural regions. Interestingly, youth unemployment has also tended to decrease, and a significantly higher share of unemployed youth is from rural regions. A somewhat similar trend is observed in the field of education where the number of those enrolled significantly decreased during the observed period for all education levels in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The ESLET rate tended to decrease, while the proportion of the female po-pulation tends to have higher ESLET levels compared to the male population. However, the ESLET rate is still below the 10% target defined by the Europe 2020 strategy. Finally, the proportion of NEETs in Bosnia and Herzegovina is higher in rural areas, while in general the tendency has been for it to decrease during the observed period.
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National report 2009-2019 - Rural NEET in Bosnia-Herzegovina. OST Action CA 18213: Rural NEET Youth Network: Modeling the risks underlying rural NEETs social exclusion, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/cisrnyn.nrba.2020.12.

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This report outlines in detail the situation of rural Youths Neither in Employment, nor in Education or Training (NEET) aged between 15 and 34 years old, over the last decade (2009-2019) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. To do this, the report utilised indicators of: you-th population; youth employment and unemployment; education; and, NEETs distribution. The characterisation of all indicators adopted the degree of urbanisation as a central cri-terion, enabling proportional comparisons between rural areas, towns and suburbs, cities and the whole country. These analyses are further divided into age subgroups and, where possible, into sex groups for greater detail. The statistical procedures adopted across the different selected dimensions involve: des-criptive longitudinal analysis; using graphical displays (e.g., overlay line charts); and, the calculation of proportional absolute and relative changes between 2009 and 2013, 2013 and 2019, and finally 2009 and 2019. These time ranges were chosen to capture the in-dicators evolution before and after the economic crisis which hit European countries. All data was extracted from ILOSTAT explorer public datasets.The analyses show that between 2009 and 2019 youth population in both rural and urban areas decreased. In general, a strong decline in youth population was observed within all categories, with the most significant decrease within the age group 25-29 (21.57%) and 15-19 (20.35%). Youth employment has tended to decrease overall, and the decrease is stron-ger within rural regions. Interestingly, youth unemployment has also tended to decrease, and a significantly higher share of unemployed youth is from rural regions. A somewhat similar trend is observed in the field of education where the number of those enrolled significantly decreased during the observed period for all education levels in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The ESLET rate tended to decrease, while the proportion of the female po-pulation tends to have higher ESLET levels compared to the male population. However, the ESLET rate is still below the 10% target defined by the Europe 2020 strategy. Finally, the proportion of NEETs in Bosnia and Herzegovina is higher in rural areas, while in general the tendency has been for it to decrease during the observed period.
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National report 2009-2019 - Rural NEET in Serbia. OST Action CA 18213: Rural NEET Youth Network: Modeling the risks underlying rural NEETs social exclusion, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/cisrnyn.nrrs.2020.12.

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The situation of rural Youths Neither in Employment nor in Education or Training (NEET) aged between 15 and 34 years old, over the last decade (2010-2019) in Serbia is presen-ted in this report. The main criterion for analysis was the degree of urbanisation, where the comparison was done between rural areas, towns and suburbs, cities, and the whole country. The data available on EUROSTAT and the national Statistical office of Serbia were used as main resources for statistical interpretation. The statistical procedures used in the report rely on descriptive longitudinal analysis, using graphical displays (e.g. overlay line charts) as well as the calculation of proportional abso-lute and relative changes between observed years. The analysis of the youth population in Serbia aged 15-24 years in total as well as the youth population for different degrees of urbaisation, for the period 2010-2019, showed a de-creasing trend. In the period 2014-2019 (which is with available data for the case of Serbia) it can be ob-served that the youth employment rate is increasing in all areas of urbanisation. In contrast to the employment, the level of unemployment in Serbia is constantly decreasing in the period 2014-2019. This trend is similar for all three areas of urbanisation.The decrease in the number of early school leavers is registered in the case of entire Serbia, cities, and rural areas. The only trend of increasing of early school leavers’ rate is recorded for the towns and suburbs, for the observed period 2014-2019.In the period 2010-2019, the NEET rate is declining in Serbia for all three degrees of ur-banisation. In comparison to EU countries, Serbia is still significantly above the European average, but with a tendency of reducing the gap.
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