Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Rheum ribes L“

Bu çalışmanın amacı Rheum ribes L. ‘nin farklı olgunlaşma dönemlerinin kimyasal bileşiminine, kondanse tanen (KT) içeriğine, gaz ve metan üretimine, metabolik enerji (ME) ve organik madde sindirim derecesine (OMSD) etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Olgunlaşma dönemi kimyasal bileşimi, KT içeriğini, gaz ve metan üretimini, ME ve OMSD önemli derecede etkilemiştir (P<0.05). Rheum ribes L.’nin kuru madde (KM), ham kül (HK), ham protein (HP), ham yağ (HY), KT, asit çözücülerde çözünmeyen lifli bileşikler (ADF), nötr çözücülerde çözünmeyen lifli bileşikleri (NDF) sırasıyla 92.73-98.64%, 6.11-14.15%, 8.81-19.12%, 1.94-3.04%, 10.47-14.72%, 36.99-53.98% and 24.88-37.63% aralıklarında belirlenmiştir. Rheum ribes L.’nin 24 saatlik gaz üretimi, metan üretimi 29.73-40.60 ml ve 2.63-5.50 ml aralığında belirlenmiştir. ME ve OMSD 6.97-9.87 MJ kg-1 KM ve 45.68-60.02% aralığında belirlenmiştir. Özet olarak olgunlaşma dönemi Rheum ribes L.’nin besleme değerini önemli ölçide etkilemiştir. Rheum ribes L. ‘nin özellikle HP, ME, OMSD olgunlaşma dönemi ilerledikçe azalmıştır. Rheum ribes L.’nin gaz üretimi, ME ve OMSD, ADF ve NDF içeriği ile önemli ve negatif korelasyon göstermiş, ham protein içeriği ile pozitif korelasyon sergilemiştir. Ek olarak Rheum ribes L.’nin ruminant hayvanların performansı ve besleme değerinin belirlenebilmesi için in vivo çalışmalara da ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Introduction: Using antibiotics to control pathogenic bacteria is associated with certain side effects in addition to emergence of drug resistance. Nowadays, researchers are considering using plants as suitable alternatives to antibiotics. The aim of study was to compare in vitro antimicrobial activities of aqueous and hydroalcoholic Bunium persicum and Rheum ribes L. extracts on Acinetobacter baumanii. Materials and methods: Different concentrations of R. ribes and B. persicum were prepared to determine microbial sensitivity of A. baumanii using disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results: The highest MIC (256 µg/ml) against A. baumanii was derived for aqueous R. ribes and B. persicum extracts and the lowest MIC (128 µg/ml) for their hydroalcoholic extracts. The highest MBC (512 µg/ml) was derived for aqueous R. ribes extract and the lowest MBC (256 µg/ml) for aqueous and hydroalcoholic R. ribes and B. persicum and hydroalcoholic R. ribes extracts. The extracts exhibited great inhibitory effects against the studied bacteria in disk diffusion; and with increasing the extracts’ concentrations, the inhibitory effect was exhibited more markedly as increased diameter of inhibition zone. Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic R. ribes and B. persicum extracts can be used as nature-based compounds to control A. baumanii.

Rheum ribes L. is a perennial wild species. Young shoots and flower bunches are freshly consumed, and root and rhizomes are generally used for medicinal purposes. The aim of the present study was to improve the callus proliferation protocol for R. ribes L. under in vitro conditions. For callus induction, hypocotyl explants taken from 14-day old plantlets germinated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media were cultured in MS media with 9 plant growth regulator (PGR) combinations containing 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (2, 3, and 4 mg/L) + naphthylacetic acid (NAA) (0.1, 0.5, and 1 mg/L). Then, for callus proliferation, 4 PGR combinations containing NAA (0.2 mg/L) + thidiazuron (TDZ) (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mg) were used in the first set of experiments, and 36 PGR combinations containing BAP (1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/L) + indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (0.2, 0.5, and 1 mg/L), BAP (1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/L) + NAA (0.2, 0.5, and 1 mg/L), and TDZ (1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/L) + NAA (0.2, 0.5, and 1 mg/L) were used in the second set of experiments. At the end of the second set of experiments, the greatest callus regeneration ratios were obtained due to the combinations including BAP and IBA as well as the low-dose TDZ- (especially 1 mg/L) and NAA- (0.2, 0.5, 1 mg/L) combinations. Regarding callus fresh weights, TDZ + NAA combinations were found to be more successful. The greatest callus fresh weight (12.7 ±0.4 g) was obtained from MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L TDZ and 0.2 mg/L NAA.

Parietin is one of the well-known anthraquinone compounds that can be extracted from Rheum ribes L. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of parietin isolated from Rheum ribes L on an in vitro wound model using human dermal fibroblast cells and compare its effectiveness against zinc. The antioxidant effect of parietin was determined by using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine (DPPH) method. Human dermal fibroblast cells were cultured in proculture medium and were kept until 100% confluence was achieved. The wound model was created by using a pipette tip. After that, different concentrations of parietin and zinc (final concentrations in the well to be 5-250 µM and 25-200 µM, respectively) were added into the medium. The proliferation-inducing effect on cell viability was determined by using MTT assay. Images of cells were taken at 0, 12, and 24 hours. According to the DPPH method, parietin exhibited have antioxidant activity. According to the MTT results, parietin exhibited significant proliferation-inducing effect on cell viability in a dose range of 5 to 10 M, and zinc showed significant proliferation-inducing effect on cell viability at dose 50 µM ( P < .05). In addition, the image of cell proliferation was also shown at the same doses at 24 hours. In this study, we claim that parietin induces cell proliferation at low doses in cases of dermal fibroblast loss. In conclusion, parietin as an alternative to zinc in wound healing could be used by clinicians in the future with more extensive studies.

Abstract Rheum ribes is one of the most important medicinal plants spread wildly in Iraqi Kurdistan, and its roots are used traditionally in the treatment of Obesity and obesity-related disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and hypercholesterolemia which are considered the major cause of mortality worldwide and since the therapeutic medication failed to prevent their progression. Here comes the importance of medical plants as rich sources of natural bioactive substances that are used to treat many disorders. The current study intended to examine the phytochemical contents of roots (rhizome), leaves, and flowering stems of R. ribes L. that have been collected from five locations: Qandil, Kanitoo, Sharbazher, Penjwen, and Hawraman and to analyze the active compounds by HPLC technique, and also to study the potential of ethanolic extract of R. ribes root in the hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic points of view by using diet-induced obese and diabetic rats. The results showed that roots collected from Qandil had a higher concentration of total phenol and flavonoids and HPLC analysis results found that active compounds found in the plant root were: Gallic acid, Ellagic acid, Quercetin, Catechin, Rutin, Cinnamic acid, Tannic acid, Emodin, Aloe-emodin, and Physcion. Leaves and flowering stems contained all the mentioned compounds except Cinnamic acid and Tannic acid. The ethanolic extract of the roots significantly lowered the level of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides(TG), and low-density lipoprotein(LDL)level (p<0.05) in the blood of rats and also had a positive effect on the body weight loss in rats, especially at a dose of (60 mg/kg).

Rheum ribes L. (la rhubarbe) est l'une des plantes médicinales méditerranéennes les plus importantes. La préparation des décoctions aqueuses des rhizomes de cette plante est devenue une pratique courante chez les patients souffrant de diverses maladies. La Détente Instantanée Contrôlée (DIC) est un traitement à haute température et à courte durée (HTST high-temperature/short-time) suivi d'une chute brutale de pression vers le vide (Pression absolue de 5 kPa environ). Le traitement DIC induit l’expansion et réduit la tortuosité de la matrice traitée, et assure ainsi une meilleure diffusivité des solvants d’extraction et par la suite une plus grande disponibilité des molécules actives. D’une part, nos travaux de recherche ont visé l’identification de l’impact du traitement par DIC des rhizomes d’une espèce libanaise de R. ribes L. Les évaluations ont été basées sur les teneurs en polyphénols totaux (TPC) et en flavonoïdes (TFC) ainsi que sur les pouvoirs antioxydants des extraits aqueux de rhizomes traités. Les résultats ont montré qu’une corrélation négative existe entre la pression de vapeur saturée appliquée et les valeurs de TPC, TFC et les activités antioxydantes des échantillons traités. Cependant, il n'y avait pas d'influence significative du temps de traitement par DIC sur les variables réponses. A ces deux facteurs opératoires de la DIC, pression et temps de traitement, s’ajoute la teneur en eau (W) des rhizomes. Les résultats ont montré qu’une augmentation ne provoque pas des meilleurs rendements en composés phénoliques. D’autre part, ce travail inclut également l’étude de l’impact du traitement par DIC sur les activités biologiques (effets antibactériens et antiprolifératifs) des extraits de rhizomes. Les résultats ont mis en évidence que les extraits aqueux de rhizomes traités par DIC présentent, aux concentrations testées, de très faibles pouvoirs antibactériens sur E. coli et S. aureus, avec des résultats légèrement supérieurs au niveau de l’inhibition de la croissance de S. aureus. En ce qui concerne le test de viabilité des cellules cancéreuses du mélanome, les résultats ont montré que le traitement par DIC a un impact positif sur le pouvoir antiprolifératif des échantillons traités en comparaison avec une matrice non-traitée par DIC et extraite par voie aqueuse. En particulier, deux échantillons parmi ceux testés, ont enregistré un pouvoir antiprolifératif de 60%. Les dosages par HPLC et UHPLC ont révélé la présence de trois anthraquinones (l’émodine, le chrysophanol et le physcion) dans les extraits de rhizomes ainsi qu’une vingtaine de composés de la famille des flavonoïdes. Cependant, les quantités d’anthraquinones détectés ne sont pas significativement plus élevées dans les extraits traités par DIC que dans ceux non-traités. Finalement, il a été constaté que la teneur phénolique totale d'un échantillon aqueux traité avec les paramètres optimaux de la DIC est égale à celle d'un point hydroalcoolique non traité. Des expérimentations supplémentaires seront nécessaires pour la validation de ce résultat
Rheum ribes L. (rhubarb) is one of the most important Mediterranean medicinal plants. Preparing its rhizomes’ aqueous decoctions has become common among patients suffering from various diseases. Instant Controlled Pressure Drop (DIC) is a High-Temperature Short-Time treatment (HTST) followed by an abrupt pressure drop towards the vacuum (approximately 5 kPa). This technology increases the expansion and reduces the tortuosity of the treated matrix to ensure better diffusivity of the extraction solvents and greater availability of the active molecules. On the one hand, our research aimed at the impact of DIC treatment on the rhizomes of a Lebanese species of R. ribes L. The evaluations were based on the contents of total phenolics (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) as well as the antioxidant capacities of aqueous extracts of the treated rhizomes. The results showed a negative correlation between the saturated steam pressure applied and the values of TPC, TFC, and the antioxidant activities of the samples. However, DIC treatment time had no significant influence on the response variables. In addition to these two DIC operating factors (pressure and treatment time), the effect of the rhizomes water content (W) was also studied. The results showed that the increase of “W” does not lead to better yields of phenolic compounds. On the other hand, this study presents the impact of DIC treatment on the biological activities (antibacterial and antiproliferative effects) of rhizome extracts. The results revealed that the aqueous extracts of DIC-treated rhizomes show weak antibacterial powers on E. coli and S. aureus, with slightly superior results in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus. Regarding the viability test of melanoma cancer cells, the results showed that the DIC treatment positively impacts the antiproliferative power of the treated samples compared with the untreated point (aqueous MP). In particular, two samples among those tested recorded an antiproliferative power of 60%. The HPLC and UHPLC assays revealed the presence of three anthraquinones (emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion) in the rhizome extracts and about twenty compounds from the flavonoid family. However, the amounts of anthraquinones detected are not significantly higher in the extracts treated with DIC than in the untreated ones. Finally, it was found that the total phenolic content of an aqueous sample treated with the optimal DIC parameters is equal to that of an untreated hydroalcoholic sample. Further experiments will be necessary to validate this result