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Tamang, Deepa. "Enhancement of seed vigour and viability of aromatic rice by using chemicals under climatic conditions of Darjeeling Hills." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2022. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/4810.
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Thyagarajan, Palaniappan. "Evaluation and optimization of cranberry seed oil extraction methods." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110762.
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Cranberry seed oil is a fine quality oil which can be marketed for its many beneficial functions to human health due to the presence of a unique combination of omega- 3, 6 and 9 fatty acids and the high concentration of antioxidants. Although there is no available clear data about the oil percentage of cranberry seeds in literature, an experiment was done to analyze the oil yields obtained through different processes such as heat reflux, microwave and ultrasound, both quantitatively and qualitatively. During preliminary experiments, better oil yields were obtained with ground seeds (10.11 ± 0.2%) in comparison with unground seeds (8.17 ± 0.3%) , and hence the seeds were made into a fine powder using a blender and the fine powders were separated by sieve (1mm). Hexane (10.2 ± 0.2%) was also found to be more efficient in oil extraction than Hexane: Ethanol (7:3) (6.45 ± 0.1%). The oil extraction process was based on four major operating factors namely the sample/solvent ratio, temperature, time and applied power for the heat reflux, microwave and ultrasound extraction. The results showed that the oil yield increased with an increase in sample/solvent ratio at 10g/100ml of hexane, temperature of 70⁰C in heat reflux which provided an oil yield about 11.19 ± 0.1% while in the case of microwave, best conditions were for a sample/solvent ratio of 5g/30ml of hexane, power at 125W, which gave an oil yield of 24.15 ± 0.3% maintaining the temperature at 66⁰C. In comparison, with ultrasound extraction at a sample/ solvent ratio of 5g/30ml of hexane, and a power at 150W, the oil yield was 32.35 ± 0.3%. The best yield results obtained for the tested methods for extracting oil from seeds were found and compared as: Heat reflux < Microwave <Ultrasound. The advantage of ultrasound was a relatively high yield over other methods with a short process time and lower process heat from the applied power. Analysis of quality in oil particularly the concentration of α - tocopherol was estimated by spectrophotometry at 520 nm and results found that α - tocopherol concentration was greatly affected by temperature at 70⁰C in case of heat reflux which retained around 0.266 ± 0.02 µg while in the case of microwave at power 125W and ratio 5g/30ml of hexane the tocopherol retained was around 0.346 ± 0.007 µg whereas in ultrasound the tocopherol was retained upto 0.428 ± 0.01 µg on applying power at 100W. The solvent extraction with hexane coupled with microwave or ultrasound energy released a greater amount of α - tocopherol from the plant matrix than for cold pressed method. For conventional cranberry seed oil extraction the cold pressed method was a better option than heat-reflux method in terms of oil quality, otherwise newer techniques such as MAE and UAE are highly recommended both in terms of increased oil yields and increased tocopherol content.<br>L'huile de graines de canneberges est une huile de qualité qui peut être mise en marché pour ses propriétés fonctionnelles "santé" issues de sa composition particulière en acides gras oméga 3, 6 et 9 et de sa forte concentration en antioxydants. Il existe peu ou pas d'information sur la teneur en huile de la graine de canneberge, cependant l'industrie alimentaire s'intéresse à l'extraction de cette huile, qu'elle effectue présentement par pressage à froid, malgré un faible rendement. Afin de palier à ce problème, une étude a débuté afin d'analyser les rendements en huile obtenus par différents procédés d'extraction dont l'ébullition à reflux, les microondes et les ultrasons. L'ébullition à reflux améliore l'extraction en améliorant la diffusion du solvant par la chaleur, tandis que dans le cas des microondes et des ultrasons, c'est plutôt la particularité des ondes qui influencent l'extraction. Les objectifs de cette recherche ont donc visé à obtenir de bons rendements en huile avec une forte teneur en α - tocophérol. Lors des essais préliminaires, de meilleurs rendements ont été obtenus avec des graines moulues (10.11 ± 0.2%) en comparaison avec des graines non moulues (8.17 ± 0.3%), ainsi tous les essais d'extraction ont par la suite été faits avec des graines finement moulues et tamisées (1mm). L'hexane (10.2 ± 0.2%) s' est avéré plus efficace pour l'extraction qu'un mélange d'hexane: éthanol (7:3) (6.45 ± 0.1%). L'étude de l'extraction de l'huile s'est concentrée sur quatre facteurs opérationnels soit le ratio d'échantillon/solvant, la température, le temps et la puissance appliquée pour l'ébullition à reflux, et l'extraction microonde et par ultrasons. Nos résultats ont démontré une augmentation du rendement en huile avec une augmentation du ratio échantillon/solvant à 10g/100 ml d'hexane, à une température de 70°C pour l' ébullition à reflux avec un rendement de 11.19 ± 0.1% tandis qu'avec l'extraction microonde, les meilleures conditions furent pour un ratio d'échantillon/solvant de 5g/30ml d'hexane, et une puissance de 125W, donnant une rendement en huile de 24.15 ± 0.3% à une température de 66⁰C. En comparaison, l'extraction ultrason, pour un ratio d'échantillon/solvant de 5g/30ml d'hexane, à une intensité de 150W, le rendement en huile a été de 32.35 ± 0.3%. Ainsi, les meilleurs résultats en terme de rendement en huile pour les différentes méthodes d'extraction sont classés comme suit: Ébullition par reflux < Microonde < Ultrason. L'avantage de l'extraction par ultrasons fut son haut rendement en huile, pour un procédé rapide, à température peu élevée. Le rendement maximal en huile a été obtenu par l'extraction ultrason avec 1.61 g. L'analyse de la qualité de l'huile, en particulier la teneur en α - tocophérol a été effectuée par spectrophotométrie à 520 nm et les résultats ont démontrés que la teneur en α - tocophérol était grandement affectée par la température, à 70⁰C dans le cas de l'ébullition par reflux avec 0.266 ± 0.02 µg, tandis qu'avec l'extraction microonde à la puissance de 125W au ratio de 5g/30ml d'hexane, la teneur en tocophérol était de 0.346 ± 0.007 µg, tandis que pour les ultrasons, la teneur en tocophérol était de 0.428 ± 0.01 µg pour une puissance de 100W. L'extraction par solvant, jumelée avec les microondes ou les ultrasons, libère une plus grande concentration en α - tocophérol des cellules de la plante en comparaison avec la pression à froid. En conclusion, l'extraction par pression à froid obtient une huile de meilleure qualité que l'huile obtenue par ébullition par reflux, tandis que l'extraction par microondes et par ultrasons est fortement recommandée pour un meilleur rendement en huile et une plus haute teneur en tocophérol.
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Clements, Megan Alexander. "Almond Seed Coat, Surface Area, and Kinetics of Removal via Blanching." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3565492.
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<p> This research aims to provide a more complete understanding of almond seed coats, including microscopic development and structure, the relationship of measurable properties to surface area, and the kinetics of seed coat separation from the underlying almond kernel in response to a range of temperatures. </p><p> Immature almond samples of Nonpareil and Padre varieties were microscopically examined in the 16th-20th weeks after flowering (13 through 7 weeks prior to commercial harvest). The highly vacuolate and thin-walled diploid maternal tissues and triploid support tissue that sustain the embryo during development begin to rupture and compress down above a base monolayer of distinctly intact cells to form the mature seed coat. Over the course of blanching, no substantial swelling or dissolution of microscopic tissue layers was visible, however the junction between the base layer of the seed coat and the underlying almond cotyledon moved apart until they were no longer in contact with one another. </p><p> Surface areas of Nonpareil, Monterey, and Butte-Padre almonds were measured by manually peeling rehydrated nuts and analyzing images of their seed coats. Ninety-five percent of the 1,545 almonds measured in this study had surface areas between 515.96 mm<sup>2</sup>-942.24 mm<sup>2</sup>. Surprisingly, individual dimensions (length, width, and thickness) did not increase with increasing surface area, nor they did scale in proportion to one other. An empirical model was created to predict surface area (r<sup>2</sup>=0.74), which depends on the almond variety, as well as length, width, and mass after rehydration. </p><p> The progression of blanching was examined by quantifying the degree of seed coat separation at dozens of intermediate time-points during the blanching process, using this empirical model. Experimental temperatures were 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, and 100°C; at each temperature, seed coat separation occurred in a sigmoidal logarithmic fashion. Rates of blanching were calculated using non-linear two-parametric regression. Rates of blanching at 100°C and 90°C were not significantly different, however, blanching rates decreased semi-logarithmically with decreasing blanching temperature between 70°C and 90°C. D-values representing 90% seed coat separation were calculated as 30 seconds at 100°C, 35 seconds at 90°C, 120 seconds at 80°C, and 443 seconds at 70°C. From these, a z value for decimal reduction times between 70°C and 90°C was calculated at 18.48C degrees. </p><p> The novel empirical model for surface area could be used to improve the accuracy of mass transfer and energetic transfer calculations in almond processing. Quantifying the rate of seed coat separation could be used to explore any aspect of almond physiology dependent on or resultant from seed coat integrity, such as germination, rehydration kinetics, processing damage, or blanching efficacy. It could also potentially be used to compare the relative blanching propensity of different almond varieties, as well as evaluating the impact on skin separation of various growing, harvesting, and processing conditions. D- and z values characterizing the almond blanching process may be useful in optimizing almond processing conditions to reduce the chances of accidental seed coat separation, or to more efficiently achieve it.</p>
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Thacker, Mitchell Grant. "Use of Flash Flaming Technology to Improve Seed Handling and Delivery of Winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata)." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8928.
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Ecological restoration of rangelands using wild-collected seeds can be challenging due to low seed quality, inconvenient seed anatomy, and poor plant establishment. In North America, the half-shrub winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata) is a valuable protein-rich forage for wildlife and livestock. Seeds of this species are contained in one-seeded fruits enclosed in four fluffy, silky bracts. While the seeds can be removed from the bracts, it is not recommended as the bracts are thought to help protect the seed and aid in germination and seedling growth. However, bracts of winterfat make it difficult to incorporate this species within a seed mix because it prevents the seed from flowing through mechanized seeders. The anatomy of winterfat fruit also makes it difficult to treat this species with external seed coating materials that may aid in direct seeding efforts. We tested the use of a recently developed flash flaming technique in combination with seed coating to improve the flowability of winterfat fruits. Our results indicate that flash flaming can reduce the appendages on winterfat fruits, which decreased fruit volume by up to 46% without impacting seed germination. Flash flaming also makes it possible to incorporate a polymer seed coating to the exterior of winterfat fruits. We found that flash flaming combined with seed coating improved the flowability of winterfat fruits, as measured with standard laboratory tests, and by delivering fruits through a broadcast seeder and a rangeland drill. These results indicate that flash flaming plus seed coating provides a new technology that will allow for the treating and planting of winterfat on degraded rangelands.
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Richardson, William Charles. "Improving Post-Wildfire Seeding Success using Germination Modeling and Seed Enhancement Technologies." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6783.
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Arid and semi-arid rangelands are important ecosystems that are consistently degraded through disturbances such as wildfires. After such disturbances, the invasion and dominance of annual grasses, like cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.), can lead to an overall loss of ecosystem productivity and an increase in fire frequency. To reduce weed dominance, native and introduced perennials species are typically be seeded in the fall. High mortality is seen from these seeded plant communities due to germinated seed being exposed to freezing, drought, fungal pathogens, and other biotic and abiotic stressors during winter months. We utilized wet-thermal accumulation models to first further validate the theory that germination from seeded plant populations occurs during periods of high environmental stress, and then to establish the practicality of abscisic acid seed coatings as a technology that could circumvent winter germination and mortality. In Chapter 1, we developed an excel workbook called Auto-Germ using Visual Basic for Applications, which allows users to estimate field germination timing based on wet-thermal accumulation models and field data. We then used Auto-Germ to model seed germination timing for 10 different species, across 6 years, and 10 Artemisia-steppe sites in the Great Basin of North America. We estimated that for the majority of the species analyzed, a mid to late-winter planting was required on average for the majority of the population to germinate in the spring. This planting time would be logistically difficult for many land managers, due to freezing and/or saturated soil conditions. In Chapter 2, we utilized wet-thermal accumulation models to evaluate the use of abscisic acid (ABA) to delay germination of Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) Á. Löve (perennial native bunchgrass) across 4 years and 6 Artemisia-steppe sites. Germination models estimated that ABA seed treatments typically would delay germination of fall sown seed to late winter or early spring when conditions may be more favorable for plant establishment. Based on these results, we recommend both the use of wetthermal accumulation models as a tool in educating researchers and land managers in knowing when seeding practices should occur, and the further study of ABA seed coatings as a technology that may improve plant establishment of fall sown seeds.
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Anderson, Ishmael Kwesi. "The relevance of science education: as seen by pupils in Ghanaian junior secondary schools." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9863_1182745156.
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<p>This thesis was based on a larger international comparative study called the ROSE (Relevance of Science Education) project. The study investigated the affective factors pupils perceive might be of relevance for the learning of science and technology using the ROSE survey questionnaire, and was aimed at providing data that might form part of an empirical basis for local adaptation of the science curriculum.</p>
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Chang, Yu-Wei. "Isolation and characterization of protein fractions from chickpea («Cicer arietinum» L.) and oat («Avena sativa» L.) seeds using proteomic techniques." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95049.
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Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and oat (Avena sativa L.) seeds are important sources of protein ingredients with potential nutritional, functional and bioactive properties. Protein fractions were prepared from chickpea and oat using sequential extractions with distilled water (albumins), NaCl solution (globulins) and NaOH solution (glutelins), respectively. Molecular characteristics of individual protein fractions were investigated using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Native- and SDS-PAGE, and 2-DGE) in combination with reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Tryptic peptide sequences were identified using proteomic techniques including 1D trypsin in-gel digestion, liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis and Mascot MS/MS ion search. Sequence similarity and potential bioactivity of proteins were examined using BLAST and BIOPEP analysis, respectively. Native-PAGE results showed chickpea and oat globulin fractions (C-Gb and O-Gb) contained proteins corresponding to legumin (11S) and avenalin (12S), respectively. SDS-PAGE revealed that chickpea albumin and globulin fractions (C-Ab and C-Gb) showed protein bands with MWs related to legumin (11S) and pea vicilin (7S) while chickpea glutelin fraction (C-Gt) showed protein bands with MWs related to rice glutelin; oat protein fractions (O-Ab, O-Gb and O-Gt) showed protein bands with MWs related to oat 12S globulin (avenalin). α- and β-subunits of globulin and glutelin fractions from chickpea and oat were identified with estimated MWs ranging from 31 to 45 kDa and from 21 to 31 kDa, respectively. In vitro chickpea albumin, globulin and glutelin hydrolysates showed DH of 22.8%, 28.6% and 28.8%, respectively; SDS-PAGE revealed that legumin α- and β-subunits from chickpea globulin fraction (C-Gb) were hydrolyzed. The identified tryptic peptides from chickpea and oat protein fractions showed sequence homology that corresponded to chickpea l<br>Les semences du pois chiche (Cicer arietinum L.) et de l'avoine (Avena sativa L.) sont d'importantes sources d'ingrédients protéiques dont les propriétés nutritionnelles, fonctionnelles et bioactives démontrent un grand potentiel. Les fractions protéiques ont été préparées à partir du pois chiche et de l'avoine par extraction séquentielle avec de l'eau distillée (albumine), une solution de NaCl (globuline) et une solution de NaOH (glutelines), respectivement. Les caractéristiques moléculaires des fractions de protéines individuelles ont été examinées par électrophorèse en gel de polyacrylamide (non dénaturante et SDS-PAGE, et 2-DGE) en combinaison avec la chromatographie en phase liquide à haute performance en phase inversée. Les séquences de peptides tryptiques ont été identifiées par des techniques protéomiques telles que la digestion de trypsine en gel unidimensionnelle, l'analyse chromatographique en phase liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse en tandem avec ionisation de type électrospray (LC-ESI-MS/MS), et la recherche d'ions MS/MS (Mascot). Les similarités séquentielles et la bioactivité potentielle des protéines ont été examinées sous analyse par BLAST et BIOPEP, respectivement. Les résultats de l'électrophorèse non dénaturante en gel de polyacrylamide démontrent que les fractions de globulines du pois chiche et d'avoine (C-Gb et O-Gb) contiennent des protéines correspondant aux légumines (11S) et avenaline (12S), respectivement. La SDS-PAGE révèle que les fractions d'albumine et de globuline de pois chiche (C-Ab et C-Gb) montrent des bandes protéiques ayant des poids moléculaires reliés à la légumine (11S) et le viciline de pois (7S) alors que la fraction de glutéline de pois chiche (C-Gt) montre des bandes protéiques avec des poids moléculaires reliés à la glutéline de riz; les fractions protéiques d'avoine (O-Ab, O-Gb et O-Gt) montrent de bandes protéiques avec des poids moléculaire
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Spada, Roberta. "The second quantum revolution: designing a teaching-learning activity on the quantum manifesto to futurize science education." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/18360/.
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Questa tesi è la conclusione di un lavoro all’interno di I SEE (Inclusive STEM Education to Enhance the capacity to aspire and imagine future careers), un progetto europeo Erasmus+ coordinato dall’Università di Bologna e che coinvolge altri sei partner (http://iseeproject.eu). Il mio lavoro ha portato allo sviluppo di un’attività didattica intitolata “Applicazioni e implicazioni dei computer quantistici nella società” che è parte di un modulo I SEE sui computer quantistici.
Progetto e attività mirano a contribuite a due dibattiti nella ricerca sull’educazione scientifica: quello sulla didattica STEM e sulla sua posizione in contesti di ricerca, istituzionali e didattici; quello sulla percezione del futuro da parte dei giovani in questo mondo in accelerazione.
Il primo capitolo riguarda lo stato dell’arte del dibattito sulla didattica STEM, da un punto di vista sia di ricerca che istituzionale, come modo di affrontare temi chiave che riguardano il rapporto problematico tra scienza e società.
Nel secondo capitolo, viene presentato il progetto I SEE e collocato all’interno della ricerca nella didattica STEM. È fornita una descrizione di come tale progetto contribuisce a promuovere lo sviluppo delle cosiddette future-scaffolding skills e a disegnare un approccio STEM integrato, con una descrizione dei moduli finlandese e italiano sulle tecnologie quantistiche.
Il terzo capitolo include la descrizione dell’attività che ho contribuito a sviluppare. Essa è stata costruita per raggiungere diversi obiettivi tra cui guidare gli studenti di scuola secondaria a familiarizzare con la terminologia, le prospettive e i contenuti di documenti istituzionali come il Quantum Manifesto, e rendersi conto delle tante dimensioni coinvolte, riconoscendo dove e come le tecnologie quantistiche potranno essere d’impatto nella vita del singolo.
Infine, si discutono i risultati dell’implementazione dell’attività avvenuta a Bologna nel febbraio 2019 con 25 studenti di scuola secondaria.
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Li, Yingzhu. "Development of immersive and interactive virtual reality environment for two-player table tennis." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2012. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/5316/.
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Although the history of Virtual Reality (VR) is only about half a century old, all kinds of technologies in the VR field are developing rapidly. VR is a computer generated simulation that replaces or augments the real world by various media. In a VR environment, participants have a perception of “presence”, which can be described by the sense of immersion and intuitive interaction. One of the major VR applications is in the field of sports, in which a life-like sports environment is simulated, and the body actions of players can be tracked and represented by using VR tracking and visualisation technology. In the entertainment field, exergaming that merges video game with physical exercise activities by employing tracking or even 3D display technology can be considered as a small scale VR. For the research presented in this thesis, a novel realistic real-time table tennis game combining immersive, interactive and competitive features is developed. The implemented system integrates the InterSense tracking system, SwissRanger 3D camera and a three-wall rear projection stereoscopic screen. The Intersense tracking system is based on ultrasonic and inertia sensing techniques which provide fast and accurate 6-DOF (i.e. six degrees of freedom) tracking information of four trackers. Two trackers are placed on the two players’ heads to provide the players’ viewing positions. The other two trackers are held by players as the racquets. The SwissRanger 3D camera is mounted on top of the screen to capture the player’s
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Benzel, Katie Rebecca. "Defoliation effects on Spotted Knapweed seed production and viability." Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/benzel/BenzelK0508.pdf.
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Spotted knapweed (Centaurea stoebe L.) is a deeply taprooted perennial forb infesting millions of hectares of rangeland in western North America. Spotted knapweed forms large monocultures, which lowers plant diversity, reduces livestock and wildlife forage, and increases surface water runoff and sediment yield. It can produce 5,000-40,000 seeds m-2 year-1, and often produces new flowers after prescribed sheep grazing or mowing defoliates spotted knapweed plants during the bolting or flowering stage. Research has yet to determine if new flowers produced following spring/summer defoliation produce viable seeds by the end of the growing season. The purpose of this 2-year study was to determine the appropriate timing(s) or combination(s) of timings of defoliation on spotted knapweed to reduce viable seed production. Ten spotted knapweed plants, located on spotted knapweed-infested rangeland in west-central Montana, were hand-clipped for each of the following treatments: 1) 35-40% relative utilization of above-ground biomass when plants were in the bolting stage; 2) 100% of buds removed at late-bud/early-flowering stage; 3) 100% of flowers removed at full-flowering stage; 4) Treatment 1+Treatment 2; 5) Treatment 1+Treatment 3; 6) Treatment 2+Treatment 3; 7) Treatment 1+Treatment 2+Treatment 3; and 8) unclipped control. The number of buds/flowerheads per plant, number of seeds per plant, percent viability of seeds, and number of viable seeds per plant were determined when seeds were in the well-developed stage, but seedhead bracts were still tightly closed (mid-August through September). Clipping at any timing or combination of timings reduced the number of buds/flowerheads per plant (P < 0.01), number of seeds per plant (P < 0.01), percent viability of seeds (P < 0.01), and number of viable seeds per plant (P < 0.01) both years compared with the unclipped control. Clipping during the bolting stage reduced the number of viable seeds by nearly 90% compared with no clipping. Clipping during the late-bud/early-flower or full-flower stage reduced the number of viable seeds by nearly 100% compared with no clipping. Defoliation of spotted knapweed via prescribed sheep grazing or mowing in summer should effectively suppress viable seed production of spotted knapweed.
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Jorge, Marcal Henrique Amici. "GERMINATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GUAYULE (Parthenium argentatum GRAY) SEED." Diss., Tucson, Arizona : University of Arizona, 2005. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1247%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.
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Kuhn, Elza. "Seed germination of pineapple lily (Eucomis autumnalis subspecies) and effect of fertigation frequency and growing medium on plant growth and anti-inflammatory activity." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02192007-183326.
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Rojas, Jose Santos. "Production and post-harvest technology for hybrid true potato seed (TPS)." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363810.
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Lalas, Stavros. "Quality and stability characterisation of Moringa oleifera seed oil." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263963.
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Martin, Anna. "Mathematical modeling of seed bank dynamics in population genetics." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-321191.
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We study the genealogical structure of samples from a population for which any givengeneration is made up of direct descendants from one randomly chosen previousgeneration. These occur in nature when there are seed banks or egg banks allowingan individual to leave offspring several generations in the future. Kaj et al. studied in2001 the case where any given generation is made up of descendants from severalprevious generations and showed how this temporal structure in the reproductionmechanism causes a decrease in the coalescence rate. In this project we will showthat having all samples pick their parents in one randomly chosen generation will leadto a coalescent process which is equivalent to a time shifted version of Kingman’scoalescent, time shifted with the age distribution of the seed bank.
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Sornay, Emily. "Analysis of targeted CYCD7;1 expression in seed development." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/53782/.
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D-type cyclins in plants are represented by seven conserved subgroups and play a major role in controlling cell division. Relatively little is understood of their role during seed development, although their expression pattern has been characterized and ectopic expression of CYCD3;1 has previously been shown to disrupt normal embryo development. Here the consequences of ectopic expression of CYCD7;1 using the early endosperm-specific promoter FWA in developing Arabidopsis seeds were investigated. Ectopic CYCD7;1 expression in the maternal central cell prior to fertilization, and in the endosperm from fertilization until cellularization resulted in seeds up to 45% larger. Seed enlargement was accompanied seed lethality, shown to be due to a defect of development during early and mid stages of seed development. As expected from the maternal specific expression of the imprinted FWA promoter, seed size and lethality was dependent on maternal origin of the transgene. Larger seed size was correlated to mature embryo and seed coat outgrowth, and was due to cell proliferation rather than cell elongation. In particular, embryo development was accelerated during the early stages, suggesting these may be dependent on cell division rate, whereas later stages progressed at the same rate as WT seeds. Seed-targeted CYCD7;1 expression phenocopies (1) the nucleus proliferation in the endosperm prior to fertilization observed in rbr and fis-class mutants and (2) the seed enlargement observed in paternal genome excess interploidy crosses. These suggest that CYCD7;1 may act through the RBR pathway to promote cell proliferation and modify imprinting in the endosperm, thereby influencing the parental genome balance. Mechanistically, CYCD7;1 did not interact directly with CDKA;1 but the interaction was promoted in presence of the inhibitor of CDK, ICK1/KRP1 or ICK2/KRP2 in a yeast-three-hybrid assay. However, loss of either KRP1 or KRP2 in respective mutant backgrounds did not prevent the seed enlargement phenotype.
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Hoffmaster, Andrew L. "An Automated System for Seed Vigor Testing Three-Day-Old Soybean Seedlings." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1377872760.
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Wiese, Jessica Linsay. "Establishment and seed production of native forbs used in restoration." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/wiese/WieseJ0809.pdf.
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The importance of incorporating native wildflowers into seed mixtures for disturbed land revegetation projects is widely known and accepted. However, further assessment of weed management approaches is a necessary step to successfully establish and produce native wildflower seed. We examined the impact of pre and post-emergence herbicides alone and in combination with hand weeding on 5 wildflower species [slender white prairie clover (Dalea candida(Michx). ex Willd), blanketflower (Gaillardia aristata Pursh), fuzzy tongue penstemon (Penstemon eriantherus Pursh var. eriantherus), silverleaf phacelia (Phacelia hastata Douglas ex Lehm.), and prairie coneflower (Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl)] under greenhouse and field conditions. Herbicides evaluated included Treflan (trifluralin) 189 l/ha, Lorox (linuron) 1.121 kg/ha., Permit (halsulfuron) 91 g/ha., Plateau (imazapic) 560 g/ha, and Prowl (pendimethalin) 4.2 l/ha. The objectives of this study were to 1) determine wildflower seedling tolerance to post-emergence herbicides, 2) evaluate the effect of pre-and post-emergence herbicides on native wildflower seedling establishment, weed control, and wildflower seed production. For objective 1 a randomized block design was used and repeated twice. A Monte Carlo resampling assessed herbicide damage and a randomized block design analysis of variance (ANOVA) assessed herbicide impact on fresh and dry biomass. Results indicated that the D. candida and R. columnifera were minimally affected by herbicide treatments, while G. aristata and P. hastata were strongly affected, the first by linuron and halosulfuron and the last by halosulfuron and imazapic. Objective 2 assessed hand weeding and pre and postemergence herbicide effects on native wildflowers. A randomized block design was used to assess wildflower establishment, percentage cover, yield, and seed germination and viability, along with weed community composition and cover as a function of weed management approach. Data were analyzed with a randomized block design analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test for differences in wildflowers seedling emergence, percent cover of wildflowers, and seed yield. Wildflower species responded uniquely to weed management, indicating caution should be used when applying herbicides to the tested species. Specifically, emergence of P. eriantherus, D. candida and P. hastata were negatively affected by trifluralin, indicating this herbicide may not be suited for the tested wildflowers.
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Sipari, Joonas, and Victor Mundbjerg. "Pre-seed funding for technology start-ups : The process of acquiring funding." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324927.
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This thesis investigates the pre-seed funding process for technology start-ups. Furthermore, it aims to investigate, how the process of acquiring pre-seed funding is, and which challenges entrepreneurs are facing during this process. The data of this thesis were collected through semi-structured interviews with tech start-ups that recently have gone through the funding process and where therefore able to contribute with perspectives of the pre-seed funding process. After analysing the data from the interviews, we investigated how entrepreneurs experience the process of acquiring early-stage funding. We found that the pre-seed funding process for tech start-ups first of all is time consuming. The applications to funding-organisations takes up valuable time for the start-up. Furthermore, entrepreneurs should consider the framing and pitching of the business when applying for funding. The entrepreneurs face several challenges during the process, including limitations on how the money can be spent. Many of the funding programme applications are very bureaucratic and demanding, and some startups require external assistance just to fill out these applications. The lack of network for early-stage entrepreneurs is a challenge, when applying for funding for the company. For entrepreneurs, credibility is also an important part when applying for early-stage funding. These are the areas this thesis will touch upon, as they are central aspects to processes and challenges that entrepreneurs are facing during the pre-seed funding phase. Since this thesis comprises a small group of tech start-ups from Uppsala and Stockholm in Sweden, it is not able to say anything about the possible differences in the pre-seed funding processes in other countries. However, this study gives an initial view about the process of acquiring pre-seed funding in these cities and should stimulate for further research addressing this subject in Sweden and abroad.
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Bentivegna, Diego Javier. "Biology and management of cut-leaved Teasel (Dipsacus laciniatus L.) in central Missouri." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4613.
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Thesis (M.S.) University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (May 18, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Troesser, Steven J. "Interplanting of a deficient soybean stand." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5729.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on September 18, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.
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Madanayake, Buddhike Neminda. "Characterization and pre-treatment of Jatropha curcas seed cake for co-firing with coal." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37438/.
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In the light of growing concern over greenhouse gas emissions and limited fossil fuels, the use of renewable energy sources such as biomass is becoming more vital. Jatropha curcas seed cake, which is a waste product of biodiesel production, has been identified as a potential candidate to be co-fired with coal in existing boilers. There is a dearth of information on the effective utilisation of Jatropha curcas seed cake in this manner, and this research work contributes to bridging this knowledge gap. The seed cake received was divided into two distinct classes based on appearance and texture, identified as type A (harder and lower oil content) and type B (the more abundant class). As an initial step, the fundamental fuel properties of the seed cake were determined; these include the proximate and ultimate analyses, higher heating value (HHV) and inorganic content. The HHV of type A and type B was 20.76 MJ/kg and 24.06 MJ/kg, respectively; their dry ash content was 5.9% and 4.4%, respectively. K was the most abundant inorganic element present. The main hindrances to co-firing of a typical biomass with coal arise due to the difference in properties of biomass and coal. Torrefaction and leaching were carried out with the aim of bringing the thermochemical (primarily the HHV) and chemical (inorganic content) properties, respectively, of the seed cake closer to those of coal. An envelope of torrefaction conditions was recommended –~250°C for 45-60 min for the type A, and < 5 min at > 280°C to > 45 min at 220°C-250°C for the type B. These conditions ensured that the HHV of the type A and type B were enhanced to > 24.5 MJ/kg and > 27 MJ/kg, respectively, while not compromising excessively on the energy yield. Leaching at 20°C for < 24 h was considered adequate in the case of the untorrefied seed cake, and this result ed in a reduction of the potassium content (the most abundant and critical inorganic element in the seed cake) by 85%. Leachability of the torrefied biomass was markedly reduced, and leaching at least at 50°C was deemed necessary. Combustion modelling using Ansys Fluent 14.0 was carried out to assess the combustion and co-firing characteristics of untorrefied and torrefied Jatropha curcas seed cake. The effect of torrefaction on the devolatilisation characteristics, flame properties and consequently NOx pollutant formation was established. Compared to the torrefied biomass, the untorrefied seed cake devolatilised earlier, had a more dispersed flame and higher NO formation. The higher reactivity of the biomass was shown to have a positive effect on the devolatilisation rate of the less reactive coal under co-firing simulations.
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Chancy, Carl Henri. "Application of Fluidic Lens Technology to an Adaptive Holographic Optical Element See-Through Auto-Phoropter." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347085.
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A device for performing an objective eye exam has been developed to automatically determine ophthalmic prescriptions. The closed loop fluidic auto-phoropter has been designed, modeled, fabricated and tested for the automatic measurement and correction of a patient's prescriptions. The adaptive phoropter is designed through the combination of a spherical-powered fluidic lens and two cylindrical fluidic lenses that are orientated 45° relative to each other. In addition, the system incorporates Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing technology to identify the eye's wavefront error and corresponding prescription. Using the wavefront error information, the fluidic auto-phoropter nulls the eye's lower order wavefront error by applying the appropriate volumes to the fluidic lenses. The combination of the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor the fluidic auto-phoropter allows for the identification and control of spherical refractive error, as well as cylinder error and axis; thus, creating a truly automated refractometer and corrective system. The fluidic auto-phoropter is capable of correcting defocus error ranging from −20D to 20D and astigmatism from −10D to 10D. The transmissive see-through design allows for the observation of natural scenes through the system at varying object planes with no additional imaging optics in the patient's line of sight. In this research, two generations of the fluidic auto-phoropter are designed and tested; the first generation uses traditional glass optics for the measurement channel. The second generation of the fluidic auto-phoropter takes advantage of the progress in the development of holographic optical elements (HOEs) to replace all the traditional glass optics. The addition of the HOEs has enabled the development of a more compact, inexpensive and easily reproducible system without compromising its performance. Additionally, the fluidic lenses were tested during a National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) parabolic flight campaign, to determine the effect of varying gravitational acceleration on the performance and image quality of the fluidic lenses. Wavefront analysis has indicated that flight turbulence and the varying levels of gravitational acceleration ranging from zero-G (microgravity) to 2G (hypergravity) had minimal effect on the performance of the fluidic lenses, except for small changes in defocus; making them suitable for potential use in a portable space-based fluidic auto-phoropter.
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Basu, Saikat Kumar, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Seed production technology for fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) in the Canadian prairies." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2006, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/242.
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Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is an annual legume mainly used as a spice crop in many parts of the world. "Tristar" is a new forage cultivar that requires - 120 days to produce mature seed in western Canada where only - 100 frost-free days are available. The goal for this study was to reduce maturity duration for the crop through a series of studies on the genetics and agronomic aspects of fenugreek. This two year study suggests that: 1)mutation breeding using Tristar seed as a base population could be successfull; 2)multi-location trials using world accessions exhibited genotype X environment interaction; 3)swathing of plants before freezing temperatures set in; 4)application of phosphate fertilizer increased seed yield and; 5)foliar sprays of chemicals can be used for production of high quality seed. In this study some short duration, high yielding and determine lines of fenugreek were produced improving the potential for use of fenugreek and the economics of beef production in western Canada.<br>xix, 184 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 29 cm.
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Asbury, Donald James. "Integrating science and technology." Montana State University, 2012. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2012/asbury/AsburyD0812.pdf.
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Science plays an important role in students' education, even when time is limited by restrictions from other subject areas such as reading and mathematics. In this study, students' computer classes were integrated with a current and relevant science topic (alternative energy resources) to gauge 1) whether students were able to better understand the content presented and 2) how their attitudes towards science were affected by the science instruction. Students completed nine lessons that focused on the use, benefits, and drawbacks of two types of alternative energy: wind energy and algae biofuel. Each lesson was integrated with technology-based activities to enhance student understanding. Student interviews, unit pretests and posttests, journals entries, and attitude surveys were used to monitor student learning and progress throughout the project. The data collection indicated that students came into the project with little science background knowledge and an average interest in science. As the study progressed, students developed a deeper understanding of alternative energy resources. Student attitudes towards the science learning process improved a small amount as well. At the conclusion of the study, all of the students had increased scores on the content tests and most students had small increases on the attitude measures.
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Samusenko, Ihor, and Kseniia Kuhai. "Science and technology development." Thesis, СПД "Охотнік", 2020. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/15979.
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The work deals with the issue of science and technology development. The main purpose of science and technology is to free a person from performing physically difficult or routine work in order to improve the efficiency and productivity of work, the rational use of natural resources, as well as reducing chance of human error when performing complex operations.
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Settle, Thomas A. "Tall fescue seed production alley cropped in a hardwood tree plantation." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5088.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on April 3, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.
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Burgess, Tyler Lynne. "Seed Germination Studies of Southern Seaoats (Uniola paniculata)." NCSU, 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/etd/public/etd-138080102270/etd.pdf.
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Scott, Elizabeth. "The secret nature of seeds : science & seed improvement c.1520-1700." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2016. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/59258/.
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The seed is an extraordinary time capsule that can travel across socially constructed and humanly defined borders and boundaries. While certain characteristics of the seed have been captured in botanical, agricultural, economic and garden history, what the seed also carries is a social history. The human relationship with the seed is complex, with the seed itself invested with different social and cultural meaning over time, place and periods in history. For the purposes of this research, a history of the seed is constructed in the early modern period in England, using as its narrative, the development of scientific knowledge. To understand how knowledge was accumulated and transmitted, the research argues that the ‘social’ everyday lives of men and women were formative in the creation of a scientific ‘culture’, that permeated this period in history. The thesis argues that the outcome of the scientific endeavours described in the treatises written by horticulturalists and husbandmen, led ultimately, to the social construction by the Puritan improvers, of a ‘model’ seed and the advent of the nurseryman.
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Kim, Elizabeth S. (Elizabeth Seon-wha) 1979. "Improved seed-based MR and CT image registration for prostate brachytherapy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28690.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-76).<br>Prostate cancer's high incidence and high survivability motivate its treatment using tightly focused radiation therapy. Brachytherapy treatment, the implantation of radioactive seeds into the prostate, is increasing in popularity, spurred by advances in medical imaging techniques for prostate visualization. Successful brachytherapy requires precise positioning of implant seeds within the pelvic anatomy. Following implantation, precise localization of individual seeds is required to evaluate treatment, but this remains an open challenge. This thesis addresses the seed localization problem with contributions for improving seed-based registration of MR and CT post-implant images. A model for non-rigid, affine prostate motion is presented and demonstrated to improve on current techniques of rigid registration. Also, an evaluation of the benefit of using multiple, rather than a few, seeds is presented, along with a scheme for validating registrations using manually detected seeds in MR and CT volumes. Finally, a scheme for automatic seed-based MR and CT registration by aligning all seeds is suggested, with supporting algorithms for CT seed-finding and unmatched feature registration. A call for an MR seed-finder is issued, for this is the final component needed to achieve automatic and complete seed-based MR and CT registration.<br>by Elizabeth S. Kim.<br>M.Eng.
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Shahidi, Seyed-kazem. "The effects of narrow seeding points on soil structure, seed placement and crop growth in direct drilling systems." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs5255.pdf.
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Bibliography: p. 182-197. The objectives of this study are: selection and construction of four narrow sowing points, evaluation of these points in terms of draught requirements and wear rates, comparison of the points in direct drilling systems and their effects on soil physical properties.
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Chilver, Alwyn Stewart. "Innovation paths in developing country agriculture : true potato seed in India, Egypt and Indonesia." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389359.
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The role of farmers in technology generation and diffusion has long been identified as a key dimension in publicly funded international agricultural research. This thesis uses a case study approach to document actual research and diffusion practices andlheir outcomes, and from these it draws conclusions for research policy. The thesis compares the effects of new technology, the research processes that generated it, and the diffusion processes that promoted and disseminated it, in three countries. Particular attention is given to farmer participation and related issues deemed critical to effective research and diffusion. The technology in question is True Potato Seed, a radical alternative means for potato propagation to tuber seed, researched and promoted by the International Potato Centre in collaboration with national research institutes since 1978. The case study countries are India, Egypt, and Indonesia. Extensive quantitative and qualitative farmer surveys provide the first detailed assessment of TPS benefits, their distribntion, and likely TPS adoption. Secondary data, documentation, and in-depth interviews with key actors permit an analysis of the significant activities, decisions, and players that shaped TPS research and diffusion processes. The farmer survey evidence indicates that TPS outcomes are problematic in each country. It also reveals cases of inadequately justified TPS research and promotion largely due to a poor awareness by scientists and research managers of farmers' conditions. This thesis demonstrates that a powerful countervailing force to the pursuit of unproductive research lies in the early and effective involvement of farmers in the research process. This allows for critical weaknesses to come to light after experimentation by farmers under their own conditions of production. The inevitable geographical and institutional decentralisation that this entails, fosters a greater level of research responsiveness and an environment in which alternatives to formal extension, including farmer dissemination networks, may be stimulated and encouraged where appropriate. However, regardless of the rhetoric regarding farmer participatory approaches at an organisational level, the extent to which these are borne out in practice depends largely upon the philosophies of the key individuals who shape and direct research and promotion processes.
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Harding, Kourtney T. "Sclerocactus wetlandicus: Habitat Characterization, Seed Germination and Mycorrhizal Analysis." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6497.
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The Uinta Basin hookless cactus (Sclerocactus wetlandicus) is a threatened species native to Eastern Utah. The cactus is found in a landscape highly disturbed by non-renewable energy production. To understand the environmental conditions that support natural growth of this cactus, we asked whether plant communities differed in the undisturbed areas where the cactus is and is not found. We then compared undisturbed communities to those found on disturbed areas such as reclaimed well pads. Plant community characterization was accomplished with the line-point intercept method, and data were analyzed using Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling. There was no significant difference in occupied and unoccupied undisturbed plant communities; S. wetlandicus associates with the common vegetation found in the study area. In contract, plant communities on the well pads were significantly different from those present in undisturbed locations. The disturbed areas were dominated by non-native weedy species and bare soil, thus differing from undisturbed habitats that contained higher relative vegetation cover and a mix of species from all functional groups both native and non-native.
To help restore this threatened cactus in disturbed habitats as well as prevent future extinction, we developed and tested a protocol for cactus seed germination in the greenhouse and successfully produced seedlings with a ~75% germination rate. Additionally, an important factor contributing to the successful growth of this threatened cactus is the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). By extracting the DNA from root samples of wild cacti we were able to identify the presence of AMF from the families Glomeraceae and Claroideoglomeraceae representing three genera: Rhizophagus, Glomus, and Claroideoglomus. Sequences closest to Rhizophagus irregularis were identified from multiple root samples. Cactus seedlings may be inoculated with the fungi to promote their growth and ultimately their survival in the wild. Our study indicates that because S. wetlandicus is part of the common plant community of the study area and the well pads are vastly different from the common plant community, disturbed areas should be reclaimed in a way that better resembles undisturbed habitats to increase the likelihood that the newly planted cacti can thrive.
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McClain, William Edward. "Phosphorus nutrition in tall fescue from stockpiling to seed production /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4870.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on September 28, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Van, Tonder Nicolaas Christiaan Petrus. "Seed treatment of maize, sorghum and sunflower with effective micro- organisms." Thesis, [Bloemfontein?] : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/141.
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Thesis (M. Tech. Agriculture) -- Central University of Technology, Free state, 2012<br>A series of incubation studies and greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the use of EM seed treatments, at different application levels, handling techniques and soil conditions on germination and seedling vigour of selected cultivars of maize, sorghum and sunflower.
Two incubation studies were conducted to evaluate the germination and seedling vigour of maize, sorghum and sunflower seeds treated with M-EM from three different suppliers, multiplied at two different ratios (1% and 3%) and diluted at three different levels (0.01%, 0.1% and 1.0%) compared to a control treated with pure water. Results revealed no significant differences under optimum germination conditions, while seedlings under cold stress indicated that M-EM treatments positively affected germination and seedling vigour compared to the control treatments.
Two incubation studies were also conducted to evaluate the germination and seedling vigour of maize, sorghum and sunflower seeds treated with M-EM from three different suppliers, multiplied at two different ratios (1% and 3%) and exposed to the influences of irradiation and temperature fluctuation. From the results became clear that the correct storage and handling is essential in optimizing the effect of M-EM on seeds. Even though M-EM was exposed to irradiation and temperature fluctuation, M-EM still had positive effects on germination and seedling vigour.
Pot experiments were conducted to determine the effect of EM as seed treatment, at different dilutions, on germination, seedling vigour and dry mass of maize, sorghum and sunflower at different planted depths. Germination were not affected by the M-EM treatment, while shoot length results indicated that seed treated with M-EM could have significant effect on seedling survival. A greater effect was visible on the shoot length of shallow planted seeds, than on deeper planted seeds. From the results no single company, ratio or dilution could be prescribed as paramount.
To further investigate the effect of M-EM subjected to the influences of irradiation and temperature fluctuation; maize, sorghum and sunflower seeds were treated with M-EM from three different suppliers, multiplied at two different ratios (1% and 3%) and exposed to the influences of irradiation and temperature fluctuation and planted in soil. M-EM treatments only benefited the germination of deeper planted sorghum seeds compared to the control treatments. The shoot lengths of deeper planted maize and sunflower seed were positively increased by the M-EM treatments while also resulting in significant results for the overall shoot length of sorghum.
The third pot study was conducted to determine the influence of EM as a seed treatment on maize, sorghum and sunflower planted in three different soils, namely: sterilized soil, soil treated with M-EM and Fusarium containing soil. Germination and seedling vigour results of the sterilized and M-EM treated soil revealed to be superior to that of the Fusarium containing soil. From the results was concluded that M-EM treatments will probably improve early seedling growth of maize, sorghum and sunflower compared to untreated seed and that M-EM seed treatment and a pre-plant EM soil treatment might assist seeds in unfavourable germination and growth conditions.
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Magnier, de Maisonneuve Alexandre. "The economics of regulatory standards : the case of GM thresholds in seed production /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1418049.
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Neadeau, Joseph Francis. "Comparing Genetic Modification and Genetic Editing Technolgies: Minimal Required Acreage." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29878.
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There are many technologies being developed for crop breeding. Two interesting technologies are genetic modification and genetic editing. Competitive pressures and changing consumer preferences are forcing organizations to invest heavily in these two technologies. Organizations must decide which traits they want to target and must commit significant time a money to the project. Traditionally, firms would decide which project to embark on if the project is net present value positive. Throughout the research and development process managers have flexibility to abandon the project once new information is received. That flexibility has value and real option analysis must be performed to value that flexibility. Once the value of a GM and GE project is determined, how might an organization decide which project to do? The concept of minimum required acreage (MRA) is developed in this study, allowing organizations to compare GM and GE technologies and decide which project to invest it.
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Chanyenga, Tembo Faera. "Effect of population size on viable seed output, seed rand and natural regeneration pattern of a tropical conifer Widdringtonia whytei-Rendle in Malawi." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85589.
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Thesis (PhD(For))--Stellenbosch University, 2013.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Widdringtonia whytei is a tropical endemic, fire-adapted pioneer coniferous tree species
within natural fire-fragmented Afromontane forest patches in a confined area on Mulanje
Mountain in Malawi. Natural and anthropogenic fires within the surrounding fire-prone
landscape, insect attacks, and uncontrolled harvesting of mature trees for timber
threaten the survival of W. whytei. This study investigated the effects of population
fragmentation on the reproductive biology of W. whytei, through four specific studies:
effects of population size, tree size and crown position on viable seed output; seed rain
variation among population sizes; effects of temperature and light on viability and
germination of W. whytei seeds; and the influence of population size on natural
regeneration patterns.
The study was conducted during 2008 and 2009 on three sites using three W. whytei
population sizes: small (≤10 reproductively mature cone-bearing W. whytei trees),
medium (11-20 cone-bearing trees) and large (>20 cone-bearing trees). Data were
collected using field and laboratory experiments and a review of secondary information.
The effect of fragment size and crown position on viable seed output and seed rain
pattern was tested with a nested linear mixed model. The influence of stem diameter
(dbh) on viable seed output was tested using a separate data set. The variation in seed
rain was explored with a generalised linear model (GLM) with a negative binomial link
function. Variations in seed germination was analysed with a Weibull regression model.
The influence of fragment size on seedling regeneration was tested with a GLM (binary
logistic regression).
Viable seed output from W. whytei cones was very low (23%) and was not affected by
population size, tree diameter or crown position. W. whytei population size influenced
seed rain with large fragments having higher seed rain densities. Number of dispersed
seeds was generally very low and poorly dispersed. W. whytei cones are semiserotinous
and depends on moderate to severe fires for heavy seedfall and wider
dispersal. Such fires did not occur during the study period. Temperature is a critical
factor for seed germination. Seeds germinate between 15 and 25°C with the optimum at
~ 20°C either under light or dark conditions. Regeneration density followed the seed
rain pattern indicating that seed availability is a critical factor for regeneration. Regular
cool fires outside the forest patches and along the edges during the hot dry season, and
the thick litter layer and shady conditions inside forest patches, caused most of the
seedling mortality.
This study highlighted the difficulties W. whytei experiences with low output of viable
seed, limited seed dispersal and low seedling regeneration in and around forest
patches, i.e. factors important for conservation management of this species. It is
recommended that gaps with diameter equal to canopy height and occasional spot fires
would promote seed dispersal onto exposed mineral soil for rapid seedling
establishment and subsequent population growth. Such natural fire disturbance events
may show the true seed rain and seedling establishment patterns in this species.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Widdringtonia whytei is ‘n tropiese endemiese, vuuraangepaste pionier naaldhoutagtige
boomsoort binne die natuurlike vuurgefragmenteerde Afromontane woudkolle binne ‘n
beperkte area op Mulanje berg in Malawi. Natuurlike en menslike vure binne die
omringende vuurgeneigde landskap, insekaanvalle, en onbeheerde kap van volwasse
bome vir hout bedreig die voortbestaan van W. whytei. Hierdie studie het die effek van
populasiefragmentasie op die voortplantingsbiologie van W. whytei ondersoek, deur vier
spesifieke studies: die effek van populasiegrootte, boomgrootte en kroonposisie op
produksie van lewenskragtige saad; saadreënvariasie tussen populasiegroottes; die
effek van temperatuur en lig op lewenskragtigheid en ontkieming van W. whytei saad;
en die invloed van populasiegrootte op natuurlike verjongingspatrone.
Die studie is gedurende 2008 en 2009 uitgevoer op drie groeiplekke met drie W. whytei
populasiegroottes: klein (≤10 keëldraende (volwasse) W. whytei bome), medium (11-20
keëldraende bome) en groot (>20 keëldraende bome). Data is versamel in veld- en
laboratorium eksperimente asook 'n oorsig van sekondêre inligting. Die invloed van
populasie fragmentgrootte en kroonposisie van bome op saadproduksie en die
saadreënpatroon is getoets met ‘n geneste liniêre gemengde model. Die invloed van
boomstamdeursnee op die produksie van kiemkragtige saad is met ‘n aparte datastel
getoets. Die variasie in saadreënpatroon is met 'n algemene liniêre model (GLM) met 'n
negatiewe binomiese skakelfunksie getoets. Variasies in ontkiemingspersentasie van
sade is met 'n Weibull regressiemodel ontleed. Die invloed van fragmentgrootte op
saailingverjonging is met 'n algemene linêre model (binêre logistiese regressie) getoets.
Produksie van lewenskragtige saad in W. whytei keëls was baie lag (23%) en was nie
deur populasiegrootte, boomstamdeursnee of kroonposisie beïnvloed nie. W. whytei
populasiegrootte het saadreën beïnvloed en groot fragmente het groter
saadreëndigthede gehad. Die aantal verspreide sade was in die algemeen baie laag en
swak versprei. W. whytei keëls is semi-saadhoudend (serotinous) en is afhanklik van
matige tot intense vure vir massiewe saadvrystelling en wyer saadverspreiding. Sulke
vure het nie gedurende die studieperiode voorgekom nie. Temperatuur is ‘n kritiese
factor vir saadontkieming. Sade ontkiem goed tussen 15 en 25°C met die optimum
rondom ~ 20°C onder beide lig en donker toestande. Fragmentgrootte het nie die
saailingverjonging in W. whytei beïnvloed nie. Verjongingsdigtheid het die
saadreënpatroon gevolg, wat daarop dui dat saadbeskikbaarheid ‘n kritiese factor is vir
saailingverjonging. Gereelde koel vure buite die woudkolle en langs die woudrand
gedurende die droë warm seisoen, en die dik lae blaarval (litter) en skadutoestande
binne ‘n woud, het meeste van die saailingmortaliteit veroorsaak.
Hierdie studie het die probleme beklemtoon wat W. whytei ondervind met die lae
produksie van kiemkragtige saad, saadverspreiding en saailingverjonging binne en
rondom die woudkolle, m.a.w. faktore wat belangrik is vir bewaringsbestuur van hierdie
boomsoort. Die aanbeveling word gemaak dat kroonopeninge met ‘n deursnee gelyk aan minstens die kroonhoogte, en sporadiese kolbrande binne die woudkolle kan
saadverspreiding op blootgestelde minerale grond vir vinnige saailingvestiging en
gevolglike populasiegroei bevorder. Sodanige vuurversteuringsgeleenthede mag die
werklike patrone in saadreën en saailingvestiging in hierdie species toon.
39
Woodard, Carl Andrew. "Poison hemlock (conium Maculatum L.) biology, implications for pastures and response to herbicides /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5674.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on September 19, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.
40
Bartone, Stephen M. "Amaranth Grain Seed Cleaner Development and Testing." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1481038808801139.
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Cheung, Chi-wai. "Museum of Chinese Science and Technology." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25951609.
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Thesis (M. Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996.<br>Includes special report study entitled: Relationship between man and nature in Chinese traditional architecture. Includes bibliographical references.
42
Horaist, David W. "Estimating Seed Bank Responses to Changing Environmental Conditions in the Louisiana Coastal Zone." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10002484.
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<p> The coastal zone of Louisiana is changing due to multiple pressures associated with sea-level rise, subsidence, and the inability of sediment or organic accretion to keep pace. The expected increases in sea level and salinity may affect the distribution of the existing plant communities. In addition, these changes in the environment could lead to shifts in plant community composition. During the summer of 2014, I researched how changes in salinity and water levels may change the establishment of vegetation in Louisiana marshes. Randomly selected Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) sites were used to collect vegetation data and soil samples. The collected soil samples from fresh, intermediate, brackish, and saline marsh sites were used in a seed bank study. The seed bank study evaluated the effects of different levels of salinity and flooding on seed germination and species richness. Seed germination was highest in soil samples collected from fresh and intermediate sites when these samples were exposed to low salinity (0.0 ppt) and non-flooded conditions. My study only found 43 seedlings in the 10 ppt treatment of 336 total seed germinations, and only 2 seedlings were found in the 20 ppt salinity treatment. Salinity was the dominant factor governing seed germinations and species richness. I also determined that the parent plants for the species found in my seed bank study were more likely to be found within the study site. However, the species data showed at least one species or genus was not present in either the historical or the field collected data. Therefore, the dispersal distance of some seeds from their parental seed provider could have been several hundred meters.</p>
43
Antalffy, Nikó. "Antimonies of science studies towards a critical theory of science and technology /." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/27367.
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Tesinsky, Milan. "Science and Technology for Americium Transmutation." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Reaktorfysik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-100186.
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Americium could be seen as the most troublesome element that is presentin nuclear fuel. This thesis offers different points of view on the possibility ofamericium transmutation. The first point of view elaborates simulations ofamericium-bearing facilities, namely nuclear data, a popular computationalcode and modeling techniques. The second point of view is focused on practicalusage of the simulations to examine upper limit of americium in a specificreactor.<br>Americium är ett av det mest besvärande elementen i använt kärnbränsle.Denna avhandling behandlar olika aspekter av möjligheten att transmuteraamericium i snabba reaktorsystem. I den första varianten utarbetas simuleringaroch beräkningsmodeller för neutrondatamätningar av betydelse föracceleratordrivna system avsedda att transmutera americium. I den senareundersöks mer praktiska tillämpningar, i synnerhet beräknas gränser för hurmycket americium som kan laddas i bränslet för kritiska bykylda reaktorer.<br>QC 20120806
45
Cheney, David W. "Information technology, science, and public policy." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/2959.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--George Mason University, 2007.<br>Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Jan. 17, 2008). Thesis director: Don E. Kash Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Public Policy. Vita: p. 330. Includes bibliographical references (p. 289-329). Also available in print.
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Cheung, Chi-wai, and 張志偉. "Museum of Chinese Science and Technology." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31982712.
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Forje, J. W. "Science and technology policy in Cameroon." Thesis, University of Salford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356195.
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Marchenko, T. "Tianjin University of science and technology." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/65671.
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I have been studying Economics of Enterprise for 4 years. It fascinates me from year to year more and more. And now I am the student of two universities: Sumy State University and Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST) (Tianjin, China). I have never been to China before so I have known nothing about this country. My first impression was good both about the country and about people with their traditions and customs.
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Du, Plessis Pierre. "Tracking knowledge : science, tracking and technology." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14263.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-79).<br>Knowledges are not distinct entities. They cannot be held in isolation as if bounded, discrete, or systematic. They are far too dynamic and complex to be thought of in this way. 'Scientific' and 'Indigenous' knowledge, however, are often discussed polemically and held in dialogical tension against one another. They are part of a set of dualisms that work under certain universal assumptions critical to Western epistemology. These dualisms include modernity/tradition; nature/culture; and subject/object. This study examines the multiple perspectives, including both scientists and local trackers, involved in the Western Kgalagadi Conservation Corridor Project (WKCC) in an attempt to resolve some of these dualisms. It focuses on the dimensions of tracking animals and data collection with a GPS technology known as 'Cybertracker'. Involving both scientists and people from the Kalahari with knowledge of tracking animals, the dynamics of knowledge production and the movement of knowledge are explored. Their work together demonstrates ways that movement and embodiment are central to the production of knowledge. Knowledge production and the relationship between diverse knowledges and approaches in the WKCC project are investigated without reducing them to the same epistemological foundation or holding them in dualistic opposition. Knowledges become part of networks and engage with one another through their movement, embodiment, and interaction with various non-human subject-objects. The use of the Cybertracker databasing technology shows that an engagement of multiple perspectives, the significance of movement, performance, historical connections, and subject-object relations in a variety of contexts are key to understanding the production of knowledge. The movement, agency, and relatedness demonstrated in various 'knowledge objects', including data, shows that the complexities involve a continual exchange of influence in which knowledges are always changing. The presence of diverse knowledges, expressed in both their relatedness and their tensions, are evident in their very movement in these networks as actors and the interwoven trails they leave behind. In the process, the boundaries between the dualisms become blurred, if not irrelevant.
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Horrocks, Sally Margaret. "Consuming science : science, technology and food in Britain, 1870-1939." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492324.
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Drawing on material from economic, business and social history as well as history of science and technology, this study considers the relationship between science, technology and daily life by looking at food in Britain between 1870 and 1939. Food offers an interesting case study for a variety of reasons, not least its centrality to daily life. Neither the food industry itself, nor the scientific investigation of food has been studied in much detail, ensuring that this study covers new ground in both economic history and the history of science and technology. It stresses the need to draw on a variety of approaches which have been developed by historians working on a diverse range of problems in order to establish a more comprehensive understanding of the ways in which science and technology have changed daily life. This includes incorporating the insights gained from studies of British industrial research, and research in industrial laboratories more generally, with work on the relationships between science, technology and society, and with discussions of the activities of scientists and engineers themselves. While each of these different bodies of literature offers important insights which can be used in the study of science, technology and daily life, none of them seeks to address this area directly. The literature on British food history, which concentrates on dietary change is discussed and explanations for these changes analysed. Such explanations, it emerges, are rarely comprehensive, and several possible agents of change seem to have received little attention in the literature. Among these are the development of the food manufacturing industry, which produced many of the convenience foods which became a standard part of the British diet after 1870, and the role of science and scientists. This is surprising given the rapid growth of the food manufacturing industry from the mid-19th century, and the tendency of firms to employ scientists to assist in production operations. The examination of the growth and development of the food industry and the large firms which came to dominate it reveals the striking degree of similarity in their business strategies as they grew from small family owned operations to businesses employing thousands of people. The increasing use of scientists by these firms can be attributed to their need to gain control over as many aspects of their operations as possible, and the prompting of legislation, which meant that lack of attention could lead to prosecution. In the years up to 1939 most of the large food firms began to employ their own scientists, and their activities within the firm, as well as the services offered by outside consultants are given detail consideration. The foundation, growth and development of the Chemists' department at the firm of Cadburys is examined closely in an effort to explore the full range of functions of industrial scientists and their role within the firm. This includes consideration not just of research and development, but of routine work as well, and attention to the effects of the activities of scientists on other workers within the firm, and on its advertising strategy. Scientific research on food which eventually had an impact on the national diet was also funded by the government, and here the focus is on those organisations which undertook research which was aimed at that part of the food chain between primary producer and consumer. This is placed in the context of government funded food research in general, which also included agricultural and medical research. The main focus is on the Food Investigation Board of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, and the food research associations which were also under the auspices of the same body. Government funded food research of this type was much smaller in scale than that undertaken by industry itself, and involved a very different scientific approach. This study ends by considering the scientists themselves and explores the nature of the different groups which made up the British food science community, and how they interacted. It reveals the very divided nature of the British science community, and the importance of including industrial scientists in any examination of the social structure of British science during this period. At the same time it shows how these different groups were able to meet and share information, a process which benefitted industrial scientists in particular, and ensured that new scientific findings were incorporated into commercial practice.