Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Signifying induction“

The effects of four different pre-operative feeding regimens were studied in 123 children below the age of one year presenting for surgery. Plasma glucose concentrations, blood acid-base values, gastric volume and gastric pH were measured before and after induction of anaesthesia. No patient was found to be hypoglycaemic and there were no significant differences in plasma glucose concentration and acid-base values between the groups. No correlation was demonstrated between the age and weight of the patients and the duration of fasting and the plasma glucose concentration. There was a significant elevation of plasma glucose concentration in all four groups after induction of anaesthesia (P<001) compared with the pre-induction level which is a reflection of the stress of blood sampling and induction of anaesthesia. Infants less than three months of age in the milk-feed group had a significantly higher gastric volume with low pH (P< 0.05) signifying a potentially greater risk of pulmonary acid aspiration. The practice of timing the last pre-operative feed in infancy according to the infant's normal feeding pattern does not appear to increase the risk factors for pulmonary aspiration, if milk is avoided.

Abstract I will argue that the underlying rationale for the talmudic list of trades disqualified from legal testimony is aesthetic. These trades involved professional mimicry, which as such incapacitated what R. Neis has termed “homovisuality” or self-referential witnessing in the Talmud. Reading talmudic laws of conjoined testimony and the induction of witnesses in light of Deleuze’s and Blanchot’s philosophy, I will argue that homovisuality entailed the witness’s reincarnation as the subject of the event, thus re-signifying rather than reporting the event. The judge, transformed into a witness, could capture the truth of the event at a glance, in a manner both prior to and irreducible to trial procedures.

Background: Objective of the study was to compare the efficacy, safety, acceptability, fetomaternal outcomes of combination of mifepristone and Foley’s catheter with Foley’s catheter alone in induction of labor in term pregnancies with previous Lower segment caesarean section (LSCS).Methods: This was a prospective study of 36 women induced with mifepristone and foley’s catheter and 36 women induced with foley’s catheter alone at 37 weeks to 41+6 weeks with previous LSCS.Results: Mean bishop score on admission in combined group (2.44) was comparable with that of foley’s alone group (2.91, p=0.888). Mean Bishop score (BS) after foley’s expulsion in group A and group B was 7.46 and 6.33 respectively, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). In group A 69.5% of women delivered vaginally compared to 52.2% in group B which was comparable (p=0.230). Mean induction to delivery interval was significantly short in combination group (15.5±1.3 hours versus 20.8±1.07 hours, p=0.003). 50% women in group A required oxytocin for induction/ augmentation of labour as compared to 77.8% in group B (p=0.02). Failed induction was statistically higher in group B (p<0.05). No difference was found with regards scar dehiscence, scar rupture, Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), wound infection, puerperal pyrexia, Meconium stained liquor (MSL), fetal distress, mean birth weight, 1 and 5 minutes Appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration (APGAR) score, neonatal outcome, hospital stay.Conclusions: Priming with mifepristone before insertion of foley’s catheter results in significant change in BS signifying that combination promotes early cervical ripening as compared to foley’s catheter alone. Mifepristone plays significant role in cervical ripening, reduces induction to delivery interval, oxytocin requirement and failed induction.

Abstract The aim of the this study was to evaluate the effects of fresh, dried and freeze-dried Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (Asteraceae) on the oxidant and antioxidant status of the model organism D. melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) experimentally. The study was carried out from 2016 to 2019, and plant leaf extracts (0-50 mg/l) were added to insect standard artificial diets. The total protein, protein carbonyl content and glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were quantified at the insect’s third larval stage. Our data showed that protein carbonyl content varied from 2.70 nmol/mg protein in the control group to 59.11 nmol/mg protein in the group fed with fresh leaf extract signifying induction of oxidative stress. All extracts increased the levels of all antioxidant enzymes and decreased the amounts of total protein. Meanwhile, the group fed with the freeze-dried extract showed no significant difference in the levels of total protein and protein carbonyl content except at the 50 mg/l concentration of the extract. Moreover, this group had superoxide dismutase and catalase activities 4 to 5 times higher than in the control group. In conclusion, induction of oxidative stress indicates that the fresh form of C. depressa leaves may have potential as a natural pesticide, whereas induction of endogenous antioxidant enzymes by the freeze-dried extract suggest its potential as an antioxidant.

Bacterial phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is used in various industrial fields because it can catalyze the hydrolysis, esterification, and transesterification of phospholipids to their functional derivatives. It also has a role in the degumming process of crude plant oils. However, bacterial expression of the foreign PLA1-encoding gene was generally hampered because intracellularly expressed PLA1 is inherently toxic and damages the phospholipid membrane. In this study, we report that secretion-based production of recombinant PlaA, a bacterial PLA1 gene, or co-expression of PlaS, an accessory gene, minimizes this harmful effect. We were able to achieve high-level PlaA production via secretion-based protein production. Here, TliD/TliE/TliF, an ABC transporter complex of Pseudomonas fluorescens SIK-W1, was used to secrete recombinant proteins to the extracellular medium. In order to control the protein expression with induction, a new strain of P. fluorescens, which had the lac operon repressor gene lacI, was constructed and named ZYAI strain. The bacteriotoxic PlaA protein was successfully produced in a bacterial host, with help from ABC transporter-mediated secretion, induction-controlled protein expression, and fermentation. The final protein product is capable of degumming oil efficiently, signifying its application potential.

Zinc finger-homeodomain (ZHD) proteins constitute a plant-specific transcription factor family that play important roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. In this study, we investigated a total of 10, 17, and 31 ZHD gene members in the peach, Arabidopsis, and apple genome, respectively. The phylogenetic tree divided the identified ZHD genes into 4 subfamilies based on their domain organization, gene structure, and motif distribution with minor variations. The ZHD gene family members were unevenly distributed throughout in apple, peach, and Arabidopsis genomes. Segmental duplication was observed for 14 pairs of genes in apple. Transcript analysis found that ZHD genes mostly expressed in various tissues, particularly in leaves and flowers. Moreover, the transcript of most ZHD genes was significantly affected at different time points in response to various flowering-related exogenous hormones (sugar, gibberellin [GA], and 6-benzylaminopurine [6-BA]), signifying their possible role in the flowering induction in apple. Furthermore, the transcripts of CaZHD6, CaZHD7, CaZHD3, and CaZHD8 have induced in response to abiotic stresses including heat, drought, salt, and cold, indicating their possible involvement in response to abiotic stresses. Our research work systemically presents the different roles of ZHD genes. We believe that this study will provide a platform for future functional characterization of ZHD genes and to deeply unfold their roles in the regulation of flowering induction in plants.

Abstract Adherence of monocytes to endothelial cells or extracellular matrices is likely to play a critical role in triggering monocyte activation in extravascular sites of infection, chronic inflammatory disorders, tissue damage and neoplastic growth. We have constructed a cDNA library from monocytes adhered for 30 min on plastic and have screened it by differential hybridization for mRNA rapidly induced by adherence. Two of the cDNA isolated have been identified as IL-1 beta and superoxide dismutase. Sequence data from three other adherence specific clones demonstrates the presence of ATTTA mRNA instability sequences in their 3' untranslated regions signifying inflammation-associated genes. The deduced amino acid sequences indicate the presence of open reading frames with sequence homologies to a family of host defense cytokines, one of them being identified as IL-8. Of the 14 clones initially identified, 4 have been analyzed for induction of mRNA expression. Although 3 of the 4 clones were equally induced by PMA and LPS under nonadherent conditions, all 4 cDNA showed distinct patterns of induction with adherence to extracellular matrix components or endothelial cells. The deduced amino acid sequence homologies indicate that we have isolated cDNA that code for three unique gene products. These cDNA belong to a gene family of early host defense cytokines involved in inflammation and cell growth, but which are differentially regulated by adherence to different surfaces.

The Toe-to-Heel Air Injection (THAI) combined with catalytic upgrading process in situ (CAPRI) has demonstrated it can simultaneously extract and upgrade heavy oil in situ. This paper reports the investigation of augmenting temperature deficit and suppressing coke formation in the CAPRI section through the incorporation of induction heating and H-donor solvents. An induction-heated catalytic reactor was designed and developed, heated with steel balls in a mixed bed of NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst (66% v/v) to 425 °C temperature, 15 bar pressure and 0.75 h−1 LHSV (Liquid Hourly Space Velocity). The catalyst surface area, pore volume and pore size distribution were determined by using nitrogen adsorption–desorption, while the location of coke deposits within the microstructure of the pelleted spent catalyst was analyzed with X-ray nano-Computed Tomography (X-ray nano-CT). Findings showed that induction heating improved the catalyst performance, resulting in a 2.2° American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity increase of the upgraded oil over that achieved with the conventional heating method. The increment in API gravity and viscosity reduction in the upgraded oils with nitrogen gas only, N2 and H-donor solvents, and hydrogen gas environments can be summarized as follows: decalin > H2 gas >= tetralin > N2 gas. Meanwhile, the improvement in naphtha fraction, middle distillate fractions and suppression of coke formation are as follows: decalin > H2 gas > tetralin > N2 gas. The X-ray nano-CT of the spent catalyst revealed that the pellet suffers deactivation due to coke deposit at the external surface and pore-mouth blockage, signifying underutilization of the catalyst interior surface area.

Evidence from UK universities’ Postgraduate Taught Experience Survey (PTES) concluded that whilst confident and experienced in their area of practice, some find the prospect of returning to study in an on-line environment and making the transition to Master’s Level daunting. In recognition of this, a small group created an online resource ‘Preparation for study at Master’s Level’ which students have access to as part of the induction process for the taught postgraduate programme, MSc in Advanced Practice in the School of Health and Social Care at Edinburgh Napier University. This paper reports on findings of an evaluation of the on-line induction resource using NOVI survey to explore student’s views. 73% of respondents (n=25) felt that the online resource was helpful in increasing confidence about online learning and studying at Master’s level. Qualitative comments reflect other research signifying the importance of social interaction and ongoing support to co-create understanding and development of skills. The lessons learned from students’ lived experience informed amendments to programme online and face to face content and had an impact on the programme team by rekindling a programme focus. Though particular to one programme within one university, the findings mirror themes highlighted elsewhere; that transition to Master’s level is complex, involving change and exploration of identity, anxiety about what Master’s level entails, all of which make for an emotionally challenging experience. Others who support postgraduate students studying at Master’s level, can learn from this experience.

Abstract BACKGROUND Head Start 4 is a randomized clinical trial to determine whether dose-intensive tandem consolidation, compared with a single cycle, with autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell rescue provides a survival benefit in pediatric patients with medulloblastoma or other embryonal tumors. The trial incorporates upfront molecular subgrouping and non-mandatory, prospective blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection. This pilot study aimed to identify exosomal non-coding RNAs (exo-ncRNAs) that might serve as novel diagnostic and/or treatment response biomarkers. METHODS CSF(1-2mLs) from 11 controls (non-tumor) and 27 medulloblastoma participants including 23 obtained at baseline, 22 at the end of induction, 3 post-consolidation, and 4 relapse time points, were profiled. Exosome isolation and small RNA-sequencing were performed by System Biosciences. Differential gene expression (DGE) was performed in R (DESeq2). Variations in gene expression profiles between samples were visualized using principal component analysis. RESULTS After limiting to ncRNAs with expression of 2 counts per million in 50% or more of the samples in each comparison, ~9,500 ncRNAs were detected. DGE analyses revealed 118 ncRNAs with log2 fold change(FC) &gt;2 and 1 ncRNA with log2FC&lt; -2 in baseline CSF samples compared to controls. In contrast, 11 ncRNAs(log2FC &gt;2) and 1 ncRNA(log2FC&lt; -2) were detected in end of induction CSF samples compared to controls. Comparing end of induction to baseline CSF samples accounting for paired samples, 0 ncRNAs(log2FC &gt;2) and 52 ncRNAs(log2FC&lt; -2) were detected. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our data indicate that exosomal small RNA-sequencing of limited CSF volumes is feasible. Differential expression and distinct clustering between tumor baseline samples compared to non-tumor controls was observed. CSF-derived exo-ncRNAs at end of induction also demonstrated “normalization” of ncRNA profiles, signifying CSF biomarkers may serve a role in diagnosis and molecular response assessment. A comprehensive analysis including multi-marker predictive model development and molecular subgrouping will be undertaken at completion of study enrollment.

La recherche clinique et bibliographique présente s’articule sur trois points et constitue l’entreprise tripartite de cette thèse doctorale. Le premier concerne l’étude proche de la théorie freudienne et de l'enseignement lacanien et du concept de phénomène psychosomatique, afin d’aborder la maladie organique auto-immune et idiopathique, la Sclérose par Plaques et la maladie de Crohn, sur deux sujets souffrants au sein d'une cure analytique. Le deuxième concerne l’investigation des objets de construction dans leur discours et de leur place occasionnée, et le troisième l’investigation de savoir s’il y a eu pause du symptôme et ratage de l’induction signifiante, c’est-à-dire échec de la métaphore subjective, ainsi que de savoir si la maladie des sujets souffrants remplit les critères du phénomène psychosomatique et si la métaphore subjective est prise en charge par l’organisme. L’analyse qualitative de l’énoncé et de l’énonciation des sujets à travers les séances se réalise avec une analyse de discours structurelle critique et une analyse de leur parole durant une période de cure dépassant les quatre ans, en faisant une comparaison avec des recherches antérieures. Nous en concluons que la maladie remplit les critères du phénomène psychosomatique et que la prise en charge de la métaphore subjective a fonctionné, confirmant ainsi nos hypothèses. Nous aboutissons également à des conclusions qui sont principalement en accord avec des recherches préalables. Enfin, nous notons l'amélioration de l'état de la santé des sujets et la stabilisation ou la disparition des récidives durant leur analyse, en parallèle avec leur traitement médical, ce qui n’avait pas été le cas auparavant, et l'appropriation ses points de la douleur et la souffrance de leur histoire de façon qu'il ne conduise pas à la voie des pathologiques pulsionnelles actes et à la décharge par l’organisme
The present clinical and bibliographical research is articulated on three points and constitutes the tripartite undertaking of this doctoral thesis. The first relates to the study closely the Freudian theory and the Lacanian teaching and the concept of phenomenon psychosomatic, in order to approach the auto-immune and idiopathic organic disease, the Multiple Sclerosis and the disease of Crohn, on two suffering subjects within an analytical cure. The second relates to the investigation of the objects of construction in their discourses and their caused positions, and the third the investigation of knowing if exists pause of symptom and failure of signifying induction, i. E. Failure of the subjective metaphor, as to know if the disease of the suffering subjects fills the criteria of the phenomenon psychosomatic and if is held assumption of subjective metaphor by the organism. The qualitative analysis of the enunciate and the enunciation of the subjects through the sessions is carried out with an analysis of discourses structural criticism and an analysis of their speech during one period of cure exceeding the four years, by making a comparison with former research. We conclude that the disease fills the criteria of the phenomenon psychosomatic and that the assumption of the subjective metaphor it is held by the organism, thus confirming our hypothesis. We also arrive at conclusions which are mainly in agreement with preliminary research. Finally, we note the improvement of the health of the subjects and the stabilization or the disappearance of the repetitions during their analysis, in parallel with their medical care, which that had not been observed before, and the appropriation of the points of the pain and the suffering of their history so that it does not lead to the way of pathological pulsing’s acts and the discharge by the organism

Semiotics is considered here as a relational and ontogenetic approach to describing cognition and communication in signifying systems. Implementing a semiotic approach to computing thus would require a computable and scalable signifying space where signs can be arbitrarily created, related, interpreted and deliberated. The author argues that although signs are representations, a signifying space cannot be realized under the current representational paradigm of recording and processing static data in a hierarchical data space. A ‘semiotic machine’ instead must implement a genetic epistemology of cognition based on assimilation and pure relations. The ‘Pile’ system introduced in this essay is supposed to meet these requirements and is described as a ‘semiotic computation’ system structurally enabling deductive as well as inductive and abductive processes of self-reflection, deliberation and interpretation, commonly associated with ‘thinking’.

“Actual” and “actually” are fundamental terms of ontology. “Actually p” is logically equivalent to “p” and to “It is true that p”; that is, “p if and only if actually p” is a necessary truth. That is a position taken in this book. During the “modal metaphysics” boom of the 1970s and 1980s, however, it was argued by David Lewis, in ways that commanded great respect, though much less agreement, that the force of “actually p” is not only ontological but more specifically indexical, signifying that p is the case in this world or universe in which we think and speak, but may be false in other worlds that are just as real, but are accessible to us only in imagination. It is argued here, however, that what Lewis offers us is not so much explanations of possibility and actuality, as replacements for them onto which things we commonly say about possibility and actuality can be elegantly mapped. Serious problems for ethics and for inductive reasoning can be raised about such replacements. However, the thesis that everything possible is real, somewhere in the total scheme of things, has a long and honorable history—in Spinoza’s Ethics, for example. Such ideas will be with us in several chapters of this book, and have a major part in the concluding Chapter 11.