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Sarma, A. D. N. "A Generic Functional Architecture for Operational BI System." International Journal of Business Intelligence Research 9, no. 1 (January 2018): 64–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbir.2018010105.
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In recent years, Operational Business Intelligence has emerged as an important trend in the Business Intelligence (BI) market. Majority of BI application architectures are bespoke in nature which have several architectural limitations like tightly coupled, static, historic, subjective, no performance measurement of business processes, limited user access, limited analytical processing, querying and reporting features. In this article, a generic functional architecture for Operational BI systems based on software architecture principles is presented. All functional modules of the system are derived from the key features of the system and by using top down approach of software design principles. The similar functional modules are grouped into sub-systems and a set of these sub-systems constitutes overall functional architecture. The proposed architecture overcomes the limitations of traditional BI architectures.
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Researcher. "ADVANCEMENTS IN REAL-TIME STREAM PROCESSING: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF APACHE FLINK, SPARK STREAMING, AND KAFKA STREAMS." International Journal of Research In Computer Applications and Information Technology (IJRCAIT) 7, no. 2 (November 29, 2024): 1629–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14243208.
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This comprehensive article examines the evolution and implementation of Lambda Architecture in big data processing systems, focusing on its core components, implementation considerations, and relationship with the CAP theorem. The article analyzes how organizations have leveraged this architectural pattern to achieve significant improvements in data processing efficiency and system reliability. Through detailed examination of batch processing, speed layer operations, and serving layer integration, the article demonstrates the architecture's effectiveness in handling both historical and real-time data processing requirements. The article analysis encompasses critical implementation considerations, including technical challenges, system requirements, and operational constraints, while exploring the architecture's alignment with fundamental distributed system principles. Furthermore, the research investigates the emergence of modern alternatives such as Kappa Architecture and evaluates the impact of technological advancements on architectural evolution. By examining industry adoption patterns and future trends, this article provides valuable insights into the continuing transformation of data processing architectures and their role in meeting evolving business requirements.
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Carson, Ronald S. "Differentiating System Architectures: Applying Architecture Measures." INCOSE International Symposium 25, no. 1 (October 2015): 891–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2334-5837.2015.00103.x.
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Rodríguez, Daniel A., and Joseph M. Sussman. "Framework for Developing a Regional System Architecture for Intelligent Transportation Systems." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1588, no. 1 (January 1997): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1588-10.
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Defining an architecture for intelligent transportation systems (ITS) at the regional level, where most ITS deployment occurs, is constrained by jurisdictional, institutional, financial, political, and regulatory factors. These constraints provide opportunities for the architecture that go beyond its traditional role as a guiding tool for technology implementation to a newer role of reorienting institutional relationships. An architecture development approach is proposed that considers regional transportation needs and characteristics so as to increase the benefits from implementing ITS locally. It also provides a new way of thinking about the importance of the National ITS System Architecture in the context of regional ITS deployments. The development approach was tested by considering how regional architectures in New York, Boston, and Houston address regional needs. Findings and implications of the regional ITS architectures of the case study areas are presented.
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Zhang, Wenfeng, Zhendong Liu, Xiong Liu, Yili Jin, Qixiao Wang, and Rong Hong. "Model-Based Systems Engineering Approach for the First-Stage Separation System of Launch Vehicle." Actuators 11, no. 12 (December 7, 2022): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act11120366.
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This paper proposes a model-based systems engineering (MBSE) methodology to design a first-stage separation system for a launch vehicle. It focuses on the whole process of system modeling, such as modeling the requirements analysis, logical architecture design, physical architecture design, and system verification and validation. Finally, the component requirements are obtained as the baseline for the component design. Requirements analysis is carried out by identifying stakeholders with the cycle modeling for this system and the use of case modeling to ensure that the requirements are comprehensive and correct. Additionally, the standard system requirements are obtained and baselined. Based on system requirements, the trade-off analysis of hierarchical functional architecture and key indicators was mainly carried out to design the logical architecture. Once the logical architecture was decided, the logical architecture was allocated to the physical architecture to be implemented. Several physical architectures are analyzed hierarchically to seek the optimal architectures. Then, other CAE analysis tools were integrated to verify the physical architecture design. All these processes are modeled and integrated as the authority system model, which benefits the system engineer for managing the requirement changes easier and rapidly provides multi-views for different roles.
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Nefodov, Danyil A., Sergiy G. Udovenko, and Larysa E. Chala. "Microservice architecture of the big data stream processing system." Management Information System and Devises, no. 178 (December 23, 2022): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/0135-1710.2022.178.050.
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The issue of using microservice architecture in big data stream processing systems is considered. Advantages and disadvantages of existing big data analysis architectures are studied. A version of the microservice system for big data processing using the Kafka distributed event streaming platform, the Docker program development and launch platform, the Postgres object-relational database management system, and the FastAPI web platform for creating applications is proposed. Architectural patterns have been developed that can simplify the development of large data applications using microservices, and application concepts using the resulting patterns. Simulation results are presented, which show that a microservice architecture with distributed load on several replicas can provide better scalability and speed compared to a monolithic architecture.
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Neto, Dinarte Spadari. "Innovative Approaches to System Architecture in Modern Engineering Applications." Brazilian Journal of Technology 7, no. 4 (December 3, 2024): e75448. https://doi.org/10.38152/bjtv7n4-025.
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This paper investigates innovative approaches to system architecture in modern engineering applications, focusing on the evaluation and implementation of various architectural frameworks. Through qualitative analysis, including case studies and comparative analysis, the research highlights the effectiveness of hybrid architectures, which combine elements of traditional models such as microservices and layered frameworks. The study also examines the role of emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), in enhancing system performance, scalability, and flexibility. Key findings reveal that hybrid architectures and AI integrations significantly improve system scalability by up to 30%, while IoT and edge computing enhance real-time data processing. The implications of these findings suggest a paradigm shift in architectural strategies for future engineering applications, emphasizing adaptability and the integration of emerging technologies.
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Su, Hong Zhi. "Systems Scientific Analysis of Architecture Adaptability Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 2165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.2165.
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Architecture is the arena on which man's life unfolds, due to the constant changes taking place in life, deformability is demanded to increase the adaptability of modern Architecture. Thus, to achieve such deformability, research on the systematic hierarchy of architectures is carried out; indicating that the hierarchies are the intermediary of the inner transformation of the architecture and the formation process of architecture system is a process of gradual differentiation. With the development of the gradual differentiation process, the flexibility of architecture begins to fail while increasing its determinacy. The key point determining the adaptability of architectures lies in the inter-transformation between the various levels of sub-hierarchy systems. According to the complexity and hierarchy of the transformation, categorization and analysis with future study on the performance manifestation of architectural adaptability design are implemented.
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Rasul, Hoshyar Qadir. "Architecture as system: A study of housing systems evolution." Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24017/science.2016.1.1.1.
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Understanding architecture via the concept of system came after numerous, rapid and different developments upon all aspects of architecture, especially since the last third of past century till the present day.Some theories characterized architecture as the complex whole that based on the different relationships and interrelationships with different sciences, besides of the multiplicity and independency of internal components, it should be assigned into the world of integrated system.This study attempts to explain the phenomenon of architecture through the concept of (system), in order to include both its cognitive (the subject) - which is potential, and realistic presence (the object) -which is explicit. This study tries to explore both sides of the concept, in order to understand the architectural system -in one hand and determining its components -in the other hand.To find out how these systems which have been developed via some housing projects, as an integrated system; comprised by secondary sub-systems with clear limits, within the total system of the housing project. This study follows the inductive and descriptive approach as a methodology, depending on the related literatures and applied available theories in residential projects during different periods of time.The study aims to identify the systems and levels, set to reach a comprehensive understanding of the architectural system in general, and the evolutions of housing systems, in particular, benefiting from the rapid developments of this architectural style (Housing), which have been seen in many various levels too.
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Matta, A., T. Tolio, F. Karaesmen, and Y. Dallery. "A new system architecture compared with conventional production system architectures." International Journal of Production Research 38, no. 17 (November 2000): 4159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207540050204993.
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Abuseta, Yousef. "Towards a Generic Software Architecture for IoT Systems." International Journal of Software Engineering & Applications 15, no. 6 (November 28, 2024): 01–16. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijsea.2024.15601.
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The complexity of IoT, owing to the inherent distributed and dynamic nature of such systems, brings more challenges to the software development process. A vast number of devices with different communication protocols and data formats is involved and needs to be connected and exchange data with each other in a seamless manner. Traditional software architectures fall short of addressing the requirements of IoT systems and, therefore, a new approach to software architecture is required. This paper presents an attempt to lay out the foundation for a quality attribute driven software architecture for the development of IoT systems. This architecture accommodates the appropriate architectural styles and design patterns necessary for the development of a robust IoT system. These include edge computing, microservices and event driven architectures. The proposed architecture treats IoT systems as autonomic systems which require a closed control loop to regulate and orchestrate the operational aspect of the IoT system.
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Absor, M. Ulil, and Sutedi Sutedi. "Strategic Planning of Information Technology Architecture in Schools Using The Open Group Architect Framework (TOGAF) Case Study: SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung." Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains 5, no. 08 (September 1, 2024): 2120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.59141/jiss.v5i08.1208.
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This research aims to design an enterprise architecture at SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung using the TOGAF ADM framework. This research involves several phases: Preliminary Phase, Architecture Vision, Business Architecture, Information System Architecture, and Opportunities and Solutions. In the Preliminary phase, the objectives and benefits of architectural development are determined to meet the needs of the school, including the new student enrollment system and network structure. The Architecture Vision phase describes the organization's profile, vision and mission, as well as the current state of architecture. Business Architecture analyzes key business processes using the value chain, including student admission, teaching and learning activities, and student release. Information System Architecture develops data and application architectures to support business vision and architecture. The Opportunities and Solutions phase identifies opportunities for information technology development to improve school operational efficiency. The results show that the implementation of TOGAF ADM can provide systematic and comprehensive guidance in designing enterprise architecture that suits the needs of schools.
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Khumaidi, Ahmad, and Eka Ridhawati. "DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION SYSTEM STRATEGIES AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AT PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN PRINGSEWU BY USING METHODOLOGY ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE PLANNING (EAP)." IJISCS (International Journal of Information System and Computer Science) 1, no. 2 (August 15, 2017): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.56327/ijiscs.v1i2.503.
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The development of information systems and information technology requires planning to complement the direction of the college strategy. Planning is constructed by defining data, application and technology architectures in the use of information to support business processes and then architectural design to identify needs and create architectural schemes and make plans for their implementation. Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) is a method of data quality planning approach oriented to business needs and how the implementation of the architecture is done in such a way in an effort to support business turnover and achievement of Vision and Mission and the goal of strategic development of SI and IT at college private high. The result of this research is to get the blueprint resulting from Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) methodology which will be used as a guide for making blueprint in the form of data architecture, application architecture and technology architecture in strategy development Information system and information technology as a whole on High private sector especially in Pringsewu
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Samoylenko, H. T., and A. V. Selivanova. "Microservice architecture of the e-commerce system." Mathematical machines and systems 1 (2024): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.34121/1028-9763-2024-1-70-76.
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The article explores the fundamental requirements for microservice architecture in information systems and justifies its suitability for e-commerce information systems. The concept of micro-service architecture is based on developing software applications as a collection of independent modular services aligned with business capabilities and priorities. The characteristics of service interaction and factors influencing architectural decisions are discussed. Microservice architec-ture's flexibility to employ different technologies and platforms for individual services is high-lighted, allowing the adaptation of technical solutions to the unique needs of each service. Func-tional, non-functional, and business requirements for e-commerce systems are defined, and an architectural approach for web services is proposed. This approach is based on a client-server and microservice architecture, enabling both horizontal and vertical scaling of the server-side components. The architecture involves creating separate services to correspond to distinct busi-ness functions, facilitating further scalability and expansion since each microservice can be de-ployed independently. A list of business requirements for microservices in an e-commerce in-formation system, along with the specifications for their implementation, has been formed. An app architecture for the e-commerce system is presented, comprising a collection of micro-services that collectively constitute a comprehensive e-commerce system, and the tools for practical implementation are justified. This architecture effectively embodies the advantages of the microservices development approach, allowing the system to dynamically adapt to changing business needs. It provides scalability and simplifies system maintenance, rendering it more agile and prepared to meet the challenges of modern business and technology.
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Chen, Hualong, Yuanqiao Wen, Man Zhu, Yamin Huang, Changshi Xiao, Tao Wei, and Axel Hahn. "From Automation System to Autonomous System: An Architecture Perspective." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 6 (June 10, 2021): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9060645.
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Autonomy is the core capability of future systems, and architecture design is one of the critical issues in system development and implementation. To discuss the architecture of autonomous systems in the future, this paper reviews the developing progress of architectures from automation systems to autonomous systems. Firstly, the autonomy and autonomous systems in different fields are summarized. The article classifies and summarizes the architecture of typical automated systems and infer three suggestions for building an autonomous system architecture: extensibility, evolvability, and collaborability. Accordingly, this paper builds an autonomous waterborne transportation system, and the architecture is composed of the object layer, cyberspace layer, cognition layer, and application layer, the proposed suggestions made in the construction of the architecture are reflected in the inter-relationships at all layers. Through the cooperation of four layers, the autonomous waterborne transportation system can autonomously complete the system functions, such as system control and transportation service. In the end, the characteristics of autonomous systems are concluded, from which the future primary research directions and the challenges of autonomous systems are provided.
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Samoylenko, H. T., and A. V. Selivanova. "Features of microservices architecture in e-commerce systems." Mathematical machines and systems 3 (2023): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.34121/1028-9763-2023-3-51-58.
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The development of information system architectures for e-commerce is a crucial task for busi-nesses in today's digital environment. This article presents a comparative analysis of different types of information system architectures used in e-commerce. The paper examines the specific characteristics of e-commerce and the requirements of web applications that support electronic business operations. Traditional monolithic architecture, microservices architecture, and server-less architecture have been characterized, and their advantages and disadvantages have been identified. Technological solutions in the field of e-commerce development have been studied to create an efficient and user-friendly platform. The article highlights such key architectural aspects as scalability, flexibility, deployment speed and management, reliability, and develop-ment and operational costs. The impact of each architecture type on performance and alignment with e-commerce business needs has been analyzed. This analysis will assist in the creation or modernization of information systems for e-commerce, enabling an informed choice of archi-tectural approach. The article specifically examines the advantages and disadvantages of micro-services architecture for developing e-commerce web applications, particularly using the Spring Boot framework. It explores how microservices can provide modularity and facilitate the devel-opment, deployment, and maintenance of e-commerce web applications. Such challenges of mi-croservices architecture as managing and coordinating services, as well as addressing data con-sistency and transaction management in distributed environments have been discussed. Some possible approaches and technical tools to overcome these challenges in the context of e-commerce web applications based on Spring Boot have been considered.
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Uchitel, Sebastian, Robert Chatley, Jeff Kramer, and Jeff Magee. "System architecture." ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes 29, no. 6 (November 2004): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1041685.1029903.
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Liu, Hao, Ke Zhang, Xiaojing Wang, Tongyan Qi, and Chunyan Wang. "Effective and Sustainable Development of Chinese National Intelligent Transportation System Architecture." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1910, no. 1 (January 2005): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105191000106.
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The development of an intelligent transportation system (ITS) architecture has attracted increasing attention across the world because such an architecture provides a common reference for the ITS community. Standardization of procedures in the development of an ITS architecture is necessary and urgent because of the architecture's inherent complexity, which requires the involvement of several development teams. Although a computer-aided systems engineering model is widely adopted to accomplish parts of the development task, so far no countries define a strict, clear, and applicable procedure to aid the development teams. This paper first briefly introduces the general methodology for the development of ITS architectures. Then it describes the reasons why a new development tool is needed and examines the components of this development tool. This tool provides developers with support by simplifying and standardizing the entire procedure of ITS architecture development. It reduces developers’ workload significantly, improves efficiency, and ensures completeness and consistency of the ITS architecture. It is the first attempt to integrate every step of ITS architecture development procedure into a single package, which has proved to be of great help for Chinese development teams in accomplishing this task effectively and easily in a sustainable way.
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Maisaroh and Ziki Abdul Ghofar. "ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE DESIGN USING TOGAF ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT METHOD AT PT. TRAKINDO BANDAR LAMPUNG." PROCEEDING AL GHAZALI International Conference 2 (January 21, 2025): 555–65. https://doi.org/10.52802/aicp.v1i1.1367.
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This research employs The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) alongside the Architecture Development Method (ADM), which encompasses several phases: Preliminary Phase, Requirements Management, Architecture Vision, Business Architecture, Information System Architecture, Technology Architecture, Opportunities and Solutions, Migration Planning, Implementation Governance, and Architecture Change Management. The outcome of this methodology will include a comprehensive business architecture blueprint, data architecture, application architecture, technology architecture, gap analysis matrices for each architectural component, and a roadmap for application implementation tailored for PT. Trakindo. The design of the enterprise architecture aims to optimize the utilization of IS/IT to facilitate the automation of systems, particularly through the integration of procurement and sales application architectures across all departments. This initiative is anticipated to enhance the company's service delivery.
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Anusha Reddy Guntakandla. "Modular architecture: A scalable and efficient system design approach for enterprise applications." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 26, no. 1 (April 30, 2025): 3114–26. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.26.1.1340.
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Modular architecture offers organizations a structured approach to developing robust and scalable software systems by dividing complex applications into self-contained, interchangeable components. This architectural paradigm addresses the challenges of traditional monolithic systems, which often consume significant IT budgets in maintenance costs and struggle with complexity as they evolve. Through clear separation of concerns, standardized interfaces, inherent scalability, component reusability, and enhanced fault isolation, modular architecture enables enterprises to achieve greater agility without sacrificing stability. Various implementation strategies—microservices, modular monoliths, and plugin architectures—provide flexible options for adoption based on organizational context and technical requirements. While implementation requires careful planning to address initial complexity, performance considerations, and organizational alignment, the transformative benefits for development speed, resource optimization, simplified maintenance, and technological flexibility make modular architecture a compelling solution for modern enterprise applications.
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Ananthavijayan, Ramesh, Prabhakar Karthikeyan Shanmugam, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Jens Holm-Nielsen, Frede Blaabjerg, and Viliam Fedak. "Software Architectures for Smart Grid System—A Bibliographical Survey." Energies 12, no. 6 (March 26, 2019): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12061183.
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Smart grid software interconnects multiple Engineering disciplines (power systems, communication, software and hardware technology, instrumentation, big data, etc.). The software architecture is an evolving concept in smart grid systems, in which system architecture development is a challenging process. The architecture has to realize the complex legacy power grid systems and cope with current Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The distributed generation in a smart grid environment expects the software architecture to be distributed and to enable local control. Smart grid architecture should also be modular, flexible, and adaptable to technology upgrades. In this paper, the authors have made a comprehensive review of architectures for smart grids. An in depth analysis of layered and agent-based architectures based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) conceptual model is presented. Also presented is a set of smart grid Reference Architectures dealing with cross domain technology.
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Amelia Wulan Sari Sapitri. "Perancangan Enterprise Architecture HMI Sampit Menggunakan TOGAF." Kompak :Jurnal Ilmiah Komputerisasi Akuntansi 16, no. 1 (July 1, 2023): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51903/kompak.v16i1.1080.
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The Islamic Student Association (HMI) is an umbrella organization with a clear model of being Indonesian and Islamic, providing a platform to train and develop leaders with honesty and quality determination, faith and responsibility. The factors that provide direction within the organization to adopt an Enterprise Architecture (EA) system are aimed at enhancing what the organization needs. Enterprise architecture or what can be called Enterprise Architecture (EA) is a description of the task in question consisting of knowledge, actions, direction from the organization and architectural performance parameters in the description of the design or plan and development of an integrated system. TOGAF (The Open Group Architecture Framework) is a framework that is widely used in creating enterprise or organizational architectures. TOGAF offers methods and tools for creating, running, implementing, and maintaining enterprise architectures in existing systems. The results of this study are in the form of a blueprint that is expected to be useful for organizations as material to assist IT development in HMI.
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Zhang, Meng, Lingzhi Wang, and Qingwen Zhang. "Research on Subjective-Cultural Ecological Design System of Vernacular Architecture." Sustainability 14, no. 20 (October 20, 2022): 13564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013564.
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With the impact of urbanization and other factors, the vernacular architectural heritage faces the problem of how to carry on and innovate for sustainable development with originality and authenticity in the process of redesigning and planning. Therefore, this study uses the visualization method of quantitative analysis to analyze the research trends and hot spots of domestic vernacular architecture and explore new ways of coexistence between vernacular architecture, subject perception and cultural ecology. The critical challenge of this study is to analyze the theoretical coupling action rule between the socio-cultural structure of emotions and the cultural ecosystem of vernacular architecture, drawing on the concept of cultural ecology and the reasoning method of transmission relations in logical deduction. The main contribution of this study is to propose the concept of a subjective-cultural ecological design system for the sustainable development of vernacular architecture, to establish a three-dimensional structural analysis design paradigm and an evaluation analysis matrix, and to make vernacular architecture present the self-renewal ability of continuous exchange and revision in the dynamic cycle of this design system. This study aims to provide a standardized and flexible design research framework for contemporary vernacular architecture’s innovation and sustainable development.
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Anyanhun, Awele, Clarissa Fleming, and Whit Matteson. "A Systematic and Traceable MOSA Evaluation Process for Systems Architectures: A Digital Engineering Tool." INCOSE International Symposium 33, no. 1 (July 2023): 1075–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iis2.13071.
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AbstractA process for evaluating the degree to which an architecture embraces Modular Open Systems Approaches (MOSA) is germane to ensuring that MOSA principles are actually used in the development of defense systems architectures. Furthermore, such a process provides artifacts that can be used by program offices to justify their key architectural decisions and prove they embrace MOSA as required. Therefore, an approach which facilitates the assessment of architecture requirements for MOSA compliance—rather than system designs or products—provides the added benefit of ensuring applicable MOSA quality attributes are incorporated into architectures during the requirements development phase. To this end, a systematic and traceable MOSA evaluation process which uses derived sets of evaluable criteria to evaluate architecture requirements is developed. The process utilizes a digital engineering approach to establish, within the authoritative source of truth (model), traceability relationships that can be queried, analyzed, and used to validate whether the architecture and resultant system will exhibit modularity and openness characteristics.
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Tsybulnyk, Serhii, Viktoriia Nakoryk, and Diana Pivtorak. "DESIGN OF THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR CREATING THE ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS." Bulletin of Kyiv Polytechnic Institute. Series Instrument Making, no. 67(1) (June 30, 2024): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/1970.67(1).2024.306737.
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Background. The architecture of the automated system is the main source of quality of software and software-hardware systems. It determines how quickly and efficiently a developer is able to analyze, understand, test, extend, and maintain an automated system. Changes in the system architecture have a high cost due to its complexity and the possibility of destruction during expansion. At present, most of the knowledge and information about the design decisions on which the architecture is based are implicitly embedded in it, which leads to problems during the development process, in particular, during the programmatic implementation of its structural elements. It is determined that, despite the long way that the evolution of systems architecture has passed, today there are very few objective, repeatable and empirically based methodologies and tools for the design and analysis of architecture. As a rule, software architects are programmers who have decades of experience in software development practice. Given their experience, they clearly understand that errors in the architecture design are the root causes of lower-level problems that manifest in the software code. Most often, a programmer feels when the architecture of his project is of low quality, because there are a large number of technical flaws, the number of which only increases with time. But most projects continue to be implemented, which leads to a decrease in the quality of the finished automated system. Objective. The purpose of this work is to design and document the software architecture of the automated system for creating the accompanying documentation of the educational process in order to take the first step towards understanding the relationships and the impact of the adopted project decisions on the code base. Conclusions. To achieve the goal, a class of multi-level architectures was chosen, among which the three-level architecture is the most common. Features of implementation of open and closed three-level architectures are considered. On the basis of the MVC architectural template, an architectural project of an automated system for creating accompanying documentation of the educational process has been developed. The main subsystems and data elements are documented.
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Al-Qaysi, Qoutaiba, Said M. Easa, and Nouman Ali. "Proposed Canadian automated highway system architecture: object-oriented approach." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 30, no. 6 (December 1, 2003): 955–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l03-043.
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Recent advances in the fields of data communication and automated controls make the implementation of automated highway systems (AHSs) more possible. Currently, substantial research effort is being made on the design of intelligent transportation system (ITS) architectures in Europe, Japan, the United States, and Canada. These architectures, however, have major limitations inherit in the design methodology used. Most ITS developers use a process-oriented approach for the design of the architecture that reduces its quality attributes (stability and flexibility) to future changes. This paper presents an approach to implement object-oriented design methodology in the Canadian intelligent transportation system (C-ITS) architecture for AHS. It was also shown that the C-ITS architecture needs a backup communication system to be integrated within the C-ITS architecture. Such a backup system would aid the reliability of future transportation systems to be developed based on this architecture. The proposed C-ITS architecture promotes flexibility, stability, and communication and, as such, should be of interest to ITS developers and researchers.Key words: intelligent transportation systems, architecture, automated highways, object-oriented approach, backup communication.
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LaSorda, Michael, John M. Borky, and Ronald M. Sega. "Model-based architecture and programmatic optimization for satellite system-of-systems architectures." Systems Engineering 21, no. 4 (May 14, 2018): 372–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sys.21444.
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Jakaria Rahmanto, Reza. "Design Of Strategic Information System Blueprint With Enterprise Architecture Planning Method." Interdiciplinary Journal and Hummanity (INJURITY) 2, no. 6 (June 14, 2023): 519–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.58631/injurity.v2i6.88.
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The rapid and dynamic development of information technology in today's digital era has a significant impact on organizations in managing information and data. This also applies to universities that need to optimize data and information management in order to improve service quality and organizational performance. Therefore, it is necessary to design an appropriate and integrated strategic information system, which is able to support the decision-making process effectively and efficiently, as well as integrate various functions and processes in various organizational units on campus. Enterprise is a set of organizations that have several general goals / principles and / or a baseline. Higher education is one of the enterprises engaged in education. The increasing need for data and information in business functions carried out by a university is one of the drivers of the use of information systems in universities. Therefore, in this study will be designed on 3 (three) architectural models, namely data architecture, architecture, applications and technology architectures using the Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) method.
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Sobti, Ar Shaheen, and Ar Parth Arora. "INDIAN KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM IN ARCHITECTURE." GENESIS 12, no. 1 (March 15, 2025): 31–40. https://doi.org/10.47211/tg.2025.v12i01.007.
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The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) in architecture encompasses a rich tapestry of ancient wisdom, integrating scientific, spiritual, cultural, and environmental considerations into the built environment. Rooted in texts like Vastu Shastra and principles of sacred geometry, IKS emphasizes spatial harmony, sustainability, and human well being. This paper explores the guiding principles of IKS, focusing on the holistic approach it advocates for the design and construction of spaces. It examines how these traditional systems have influenced the development of architectural practices in India, shaping everything from urban planning to sacred structures. Despite its profound relevance, especially in the context of contemporary global concerns like sustainability and energy efficiency, the application of IKS in modern architecture faces challenges. Issues such as the lack of formal education in traditional systems, resistance to integrating ancient wisdom with contemporary design, and urbanization pressures complicate the widespread implementation of these principles. The paper also discusses potential solutions, including interdisciplinary collaboration, technological integration, and policy support, to bridge the gap between traditional knowledge and modern architectural practices. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of reviving and adapting IKS to address current architectural and environmental challenges while respecting cultural heritage.
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Anusha Reddy Guntakandla. "Microservices and Modular Architecture: Revolutionizing E-Commerce Scalability." Journal of Computer Science and Technology Studies 7, no. 4 (May 10, 2025): 133–37. https://doi.org/10.32996/jcsts.2025.7.4.15.
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This article examines the transformative impact of microservices and modular architecture on e-commerce platforms, highlighting the shift from traditional monolithic systems to more scalable and efficient architectures. The article analyzes the limitations of monolithic systems in handling increased transaction volumes and explores how microservices architecture revolutionizes e-commerce platform performance, scalability, and innovation capabilities. Through a comprehensive analysis of the current article and a detailed case study of architectural evolution, this article demonstrates the significant improvements in system efficiency, deployment capabilities, and resource utilization achieved through microservices adoption. The article emphasizes how API-first integration and event-driven architecture enhance system reliability, enable better third-party service integration, and support rapid innovation in the e-commerce sector.
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Kucherenko, Olena. "Functioning of Ukrainian Terminological System of Architecture." Terminological Bulletin, no. 4 (2017): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37919/2221-8807-2017-4-149-154.
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The Ukrainian terminological system of architecture is a definitely organised, historically caused, communicative system of elements which functions, constantly changing internal and external communication at different levels of consistency. The terminological fund of representation of architecture knowledge demands settlement, therefore its research gets a special relevance. The national terminological system of architecture changes and updates constantly, because there are new concepts which are necessary to name, and there are new terms accordingly. Despite it, there is no clearness in formulation of definitions even for key concepts in this area of human activity, the choice of use and systematization of certain terminological units is not always successful, and synonymy of terms is actively used for base standard documents, the scientific special literature, lexicographic editions on architecture. Architecture terminology is a considerable layer of the Ukrainian terminological system with inherent common features for a system (presence of system elements, system signs, the criteria which are inherent for a system) and original Characteristics (specificity of concepts and terms’ relations, the special thematic and structural organisation which is the basis for allocation of architecture terminological system and allocates features of the language system organisation of(word-formation, grammatical, lexical). Elements of architectural terminological system form systems of objective realities, systems of terms, systems of corresponding concepts, systems of definitions of these concepts. When these systems function, they limit architectural terminology. It is very important to understand architectural terminology not simply as the mechanical sum of corresponding terminological units, terms and terminological word combinations, and accurate terminological system which has certain logic communications between its elements, structural components. There is a direct or indirect communication between terms which limits terminological system of architecture. Constant development and increase in quantity of terminological units, quantitative and qualitative changes of terms which unite in terminological system, define limitlessness of modern Ukrainian architecture terminological system. Exploring the practical problems of education terms and problems of architectural terms’ standardization the professional norm is fixed in the special literature (educational, methodical, statutory acts, state standards, scientific articles). Not always dictionaries in standard terminology consider professional terminological norm. The modern Ukrainian terminological fund of architecture makes specific, quantitatively big and qualitatively various layer of terminological lexicon in the typological characteristic of system. Architecture terminology is a component of Ukrainian terminological system with characteristic common features for system both the especial thematic and structural organisation which has differences in the language organisation of system.
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Liang, Chen, Zhenwu Chen, Liang Yang, Zihan Guo, Xianglong Feng, Zhijun Huang, Xiang Liu, et al. "Physical Architecture Simulation Based on System Dynamics Modelling for an Autonomous Transportation System Scenario." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2023 (May 9, 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9390468.
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With the rapid growth of traffic demand and the development of intelligent technology, autonomous transportation system (ATS) has been considered as future transportation system. The evaluation of a designed physical architecture of ATS is necessary for understanding whether and how ATS operates and evolves automatically without manual works, and architecture simulation is a method for solving such research problem. Therefore, in this study, architecture simulation based on system dynamics modelling has been employed for physical architecture research. Under this methodology, a simulation case for scenario “Autonomous Vehicle on a Crossing in an Autonomous Transportation System” has been studied for understanding the information flow in ATS to evaluate and optimise its physical architecture of ATS. In conclusion, the system dynamic model could help researchers understand and evaluate the physical architecture’s operation of ATS by scenario analysis.
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Wong, Leong Yee, and Chen-Cheng Chen. "Research of Digital Generative Islamic Tessellation Patterning Structure System." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 131, no. 1 (December 30, 2024): 197–211. https://doi.org/10.37934/aram.131.1.197211.
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According to Gottfried Semper, who coined the term ‘Architextile’ to describe the use of textiles and other malleable materials in architectural design, textiles were the first materials used to construct human dwellings. In Islamic architecture and building design, tessellation patterning is thought to represent the early days of textile and lightweight structures, reflecting the nomadic lifestyle of early Islamic society. Bedouins made portable structures covered with woven textiles for temporary dwellings, showcasing the early use of architextile. Tessellation patterning and Islamic architecture have a significant relationship in terms of identity representation. Establishing the decorative shell (tessellation) creates a virtual atmosphere that transcends 'Physical Reality,' where structural elements like columns and beams lie beneath decorative facades. Over time, Islamic architecture's decorative shell has often remained purely ornamental, lacking structural significance. This study explores human settlement and building design by examining the tectonic characteristics of Islamic patterns. The research aims to bridge the gap between the decorative and practical aspects of Islamic architecture by studying geometric tessellation grid systems and their parametric alterations. The goal is to transform two-dimensional tessellation patterns into three-dimensional articulated structures. By manipulating pattern lines, the subdivided surface can be articulated into a structural system, forming a lattice structure. Additionally, human settlement and cultural heritage are preserved through the study of these architectural patterns. This showcases how historical building designs reflect and maintain cultural identity. Understanding the interplay between tessellation patterns and Islamic architecture enhances our appreciation of the cultural heritage embedded within human settlements.
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Amalia, Nadia, and Djarot Hindarto. "Enterprise Architecture for Efficient Integration of IoT Lighting System in Smart City Framework." sinkron 8, no. 2 (April 15, 2024): 1091–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33395/sinkron.v8i2.13591.
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This research investigates the influence of enterprise architecture design in integrating Internet of Things (IoT)-based street lighting systems into an innovative city framework, emphasizing the importance of efficient lighting infrastructure as a fundamental component of a creative urban ecosystem. With a focus on building an architectural model that supports the integration of IoT street lighting with other components of a smart city, this research addresses the knowledge gap in optimizing enterprise architecture design for integration efficiency, considering technological complexity and interoperability needs between systems. The methodology applied involved an in-depth analysis of the architectural components essential to facilitate the integration of IoT-based street lighting within the more extensive intelligent city infrastructure. The findings of this study show that a well-structured enterprise architecture model can significantly improve operational efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide a rich source of data for strategic decision-making regarding the management and maintenance of city infrastructure. Furthermore, these results emphasize the importance of an adaptive and unified architecture design, which not only improves the functionality of the lighting system but also strengthens the synergy between IoT technologies and innovative city operations. These discoveries have a wide range of repercussions and implications, offering new insights into designing enterprise architectures that can support the transition to more efficient and sustainable smart cities, thereby improving the quality of service for citizens.
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Tummers, J., A. Kassahun, and B. Tekinerdogan. "Reference architecture design for farm management information systems: a multi-case study approach." Precision Agriculture 22, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 22–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11119-020-09728-0.
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AbstractOne of the key elements of precision agriculture is the farm management information system (FMIS) that is responsible for data management, analytics and subsequent decision support. Various FMISs have been developed to support the management of farm businesses. A key artefact in the development of FMISs is the software architecture that defines the gross level structure of the system. The software architecture is important for understanding the system, analysing the design decisions and guiding the further development of the system based on the architecture. To assist in the design of the FMIS architecture, several reference architectures have been provided in the literature. Unfortunately, in practice, it is less trivial to derive the application architecture from these reference architectures. Two underlying reasons for this were identified. First of all, it appears that the proposed reference architectures do not specifically focus on FMIS but have a rather broad scope of the agricultural domain in general. Secondly, the proposed reference architectures do not seem to have followed the proper architecture documentation guidelines as defined in the software architecture community, lack precision, and thus impeding the design of the required application architectures. Presented in this article is a novel reference architecture that is dedicated to the specific FMIS domain, and which is documented using the software architecture documentation guidelines. In addition, the systematic approach for deriving application architectures from the proposed reference architecture is provided. To illustrate the approach, the results of multi-case study research are shown in which the presented reference architecture is used for deriving different FMIS application architectures.
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Sitton, Miri, Rozi Alon, and Yoram Reich. "Generic Architecture for Self-Organized Adaptive Platform System of Systems." Systems 13, no. 5 (May 12, 2025): 368. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13050368.
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Future systems of systems (SoSs) must adapt rapidly to evolving environments and stakeholder needs, yet conventional system engineering approaches often lack the flexibility to accommodate such change without costly re-engineering. Addressing this gap, this study proposes a novel, generic architecture model for self-organized adaptive platform SoSs, emphasizing a modular, layered structure that enables dynamic integration and reconfiguration of sub-units for diverse missions. The research is grounded in a comprehensive review of complex SoS theory and platform system design, focusing on physical platforms with central management. Methodologically, this study develops a logical architecture for electronics and software, detailing the roles and interactions of each architectural layer and component. The model’s efficacy is demonstrated through its application to the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, where it identified opportunities to enhance the aircraft’s adaptability and self-organization. Results indicate that early adoption of this generic architecture can significantly reduce design and redesign costs, prevent over-specification, and promote lifecycle adaptability across various platform types—including land, air, and sea systems. The proposed architecture thus offers a robust foundation for future adaptive SoSs, supporting efficient evolution in response to unpredictable operational demands.
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Gradel, Simon, Benedikt Aigner, and Eike Stumpf. "Model-based safety assessment for conceptual aircraft systems design." CEAS Aeronautical Journal 13, no. 1 (November 23, 2021): 281–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13272-021-00562-2.
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AbstractTraditional system technology modeling in conceptual aircraft design mainly relies on empirical knowledge and methods derived from conventional systems, for which valid system architecture designs are known. Since these systems have been proven valid especially from a safety perspective, detailed system safety analyses are usually not necessary. For unconventional systems and innovative technologies, on contrary, new architectures have to be designed and system safety has, therefore, to be taken into account. Therefore, the application of model-based safety assessment (MBSA) for designing system architectures in conceptual aircraft design studies is proposed. A MBSA approach based on a Simulink architecture model is presented which is tailored for use in conceptual design studies. It is applied to the cryocooling system of a hybrid-electric powertrain architecture from an already-published study. The original architecture as well as possible architecture alternatives are investigated. As a result, a safer architecture version with lower number of components can be proposed. The application example indicates that using MBSA in conceptual design benefits the latter by providing insights into safety properties of the system and by pointing out architecture safety weaknesses. This could result in safer, thus more realistic system architectures.
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Faddillah, Umi, Nurfia Oktaviani Syamsiah, and Indah Purwandani. "Pemodelan Enterprise Arsitektur Sistem Informasi Penjualan Obat Menggunakan Kerangka TOGAF ADM." Indonesian Journal on Software Engineering (IJSE) 5, no. 1 (June 28, 2019): 114–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31294/ijse.v5i1.5871.
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Abstract: Enterprise information system architecture has covered various fields, one of which is the pharmaceutical industry which has also changed significantly. Pharmaceutical companies and all business lines around the world are forced to reconsider their business priorities and strategies to deal with uncertainty, volatility and complexity. Where it will be handled in the presence of an integrated system. In this research the implementation of information system technology is carried out by implementing the TOGAF ADM framework that will help companies in architectural modeling starting from designing system architecture, business process architecture, drug sales information system architecture, technology architecture, several proposed architectural designs for business opportunities, and proposals system changes running. The result is that the enterprise modeling information system sales architecture to produce architectural blueprints can be done in six stages in the TOGAF ADM framework.
 
 Keywords: TOGAF, Sales, Pharmaceutical
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Agerwala, T., J. L. Martin, J. H. Mirza, D. C. Sadler, D. M. Dias, and M. Snir. "SP2 system architecture." IBM Systems Journal 34, no. 2 (1995): 414–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1147/sj.342.0152.
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Agerwala, T., J. L. Martin, J. H. Mirza, D. C. Sadler, D. M. Dias, and M. Snir. "SP2 system architecture." IBM Systems Journal 38, no. 2.3 (1999): 414–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1147/sj.382.0414.
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Eckert, Claudia, and Marija Jankovic. "System architecture design." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 30, no. 3 (July 14, 2016): 214–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060416000202.
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Theophilopoulos, Nick, Stelios G. Efstathiadis, and Yannis Petropoulos. "TravelInfo System Architecture." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 30, no. 8 (June 1997): 943–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)43942-5.
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Charuba, Jacek. "PCI system architecture." Control Engineering Practice 4, no. 10 (October 1996): 1486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0967-0661(96)85107-0.
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Coffield, David. "Network system architecture." Computer Communications 14, no. 1 (January 1991): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-3664(91)90085-f.
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Stojev, M. "ARM System Architecture." Microelectronics Journal 29, no. 7 (July 1998): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-2692(98)80011-6.
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Boot, Arnoud W. A., and Anjan V. Thakor. "Financial System Architecture." Review of Financial Studies 10, no. 3 (July 1997): 693–733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/10.3.693.
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Basso, Richard J., Hugh J. Beuscher, Iris S. Dowden, Richard J. Piereth, and Samuel M. Salchenberger. "OSPS System Architecture." AT&T Technical Journal 68, no. 6 (November 12, 1989): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1989.tb00091.x.
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Westermann, William Evan, and Murat M. Tanik. "VALIDATION OF INTERFACE SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE." Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science: Transactions of the SDPS, Official Journal of the Society for Design and Process Science 11, no. 4 (January 2007): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jid-2007-11401.
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In this research, an interface-driven system architecture is validated and then decomposed into interface subsystems. The system is modeled and simulated in order to validate the system architecture prior to design and implementation. In addition to its emphasis on interfaces between components and its partitioning ability, the method presented has the following advantages over other design and analysis techniques: (1) It lays the foundation of interfaces as the primary emphasis of requirements; thus, categorizing the objects to be developed for any design. (2) The method validates an interface-based system architecture by modeling and simulating it, providing feedback at the architectural and requirements levels. (3) It permits the development of subsystems separated by a minimum number of edges and minimum capacity utilization across the cuts. The flows on the edges are based on bits per second as specified in the system requirements.
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Shan, Guangbao, Yanwen Zheng, Chaoyang Xing, Dongdong Chen, Guoliang Li, and Yintang Yang. "Architecture of Computing System based on Chiplet." Micromachines 13, no. 2 (January 28, 2022): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13020205.
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Computing systems are widely used in medical diagnosis, climate prediction, autonomous vehicles, etc. As the key part of electronics, the performance of computing systems is crucial in the intellectualization of the equipment. The conflict between performance, efficiency, and cost can be solved by choosing an appropriate computing system architecture. In order to provide useful advice and instructions for the designers to fabricate high-performance computing systems, this paper reviews the Chiplet-based computing system architectures, including computing architecture and memory architecture. Firstly, the computing architecture used for high-performance computing, mobile, and PC is presented and summarized. Secondly, the memory architecture based on mainstream memory and emerging non-volatile memory used for data storing and processing are introduced, and the key parameters of memory are compared and discussed. Finally, this paper is concluded, and the future perspectives of computing system architecture based on Chiplet are presented.
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Papapostolu, A., and D. Birov. "Architecture Evolution through Dynamic Reconfiguration in jADL." Information Technologies and Control 15, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/itc-2017-0019.
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Abstract In software architecture the dynamic structure of a software system can be described in terms of components and connectors and expressed through the use of Architectural Description Languages (ADLs). We present jADL, a new ADL, designed for the creation and validation of dynamic and mobile architectures. It, also, aims to help towards the process of “unifying” the definition and implementation of an architecture in a way that the final result is consistent with the architecture in terms of both functional requirements and quality attributes. In this paper, we examine into details the definition and expression of jADL’s architectural elements; components, connectors, ports, roles and behaviour describing statements – attach, detach, config, bind. The attributes of synchronicity and multiplicity concerning the connections between architectural elements are presented. A special case of connections is presented – the bind statement and the construction of composite architectural elements. Also, a case study of the client-server dynamic model in jADL is presented and the possibilities of jADL for dynamic reconfiguration are explored.