Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „TECHNOLOGICAL MUTUAL FUND“

The transformations in internet technology and financial innovation have led to the prevalence of direct finance, causing indirect finance to contract and concerns among traditional banks and insurance channel operators to seek transformation to innovate traditional services with advanced technology applications. The research compares the sales revenue flows of traditional banks, insurance companies, and mutual fund institutions, using quantile regression methods with five mutual fund factors: Jensen’s indexes, expenses, risks, sizes, and turnover rates. The sample statistics from 2001 to 2016 were evident, showing the results that sales revenue flows of bank and insurance companies did not decrease when compared to institutional fund investors, but instead, grew substantially, owing to the significant relationship of better technological services and financial innovation by banks and insurance companies. The research contribution is to point out that financial industry should focus, review and strengthen its most competitive core services inside, which are less challenged by outside competitors. By adhering to financial innovation and internet technology, it is still possible for traditional banks and insurance channels to gain substantial market shares with concentration on their core competitive services.

The paper focuses on the performance appraisal of Philippine mutual fund industry from 1999-2003 using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) – Malmquist productivity index. It calculates efficiency and productivity growths in a sample of bond and stock funds, balanced funds, and in the industry. DEA is a mathematical programming technique to evaluate the relative efficiency of production units and can accommodate multiple inputs and outputs. Malmquist productivity index has decomposed total factor productivity (TFP) into two components: technological change and technical efficiency change. Results show that bond and stock funds have the highest TFP growth, owing much to technical efficiency change. Bond and stock funds are technically efficient units in the production frontier as compared with balanced funds. Our findings reveal that the Philippine mutual funds industry is technologically and technically efficient. These findings have an important policy implication. Despite that the Philippine mutual funds are found to be technologically and technically efficient, they are still underdeveloped due to poor public perception, lack of information about investment funds, and the absence of proper legislative framework.

Capital market companies are currently developing, one of which is the spread of Islamic mutual funds which is facilitated by technological advances, namely the availability of platforms to make it easier for the users. PT. Takjub Teknologi Indonesia is an agent selling mutual fund securities, which carries the Ajaib application for mutual fund transactions. Companies that act as intermediaries for investors and investment managers. The formulation of the research problem is: What is the role and perspective of the sharia application of Ajaib as an agent selling mutual fund securities? This study aims to determine the role of the Ajaib application and review it in Sharia studies. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach. This research resulted in several points as follows: 1). The role of the Ajaib application has the main task of marketing the securities of Islamic mutual funds to investment managers. Supported by the function of investor complaints and operating standards in writing, 2). Based on the Sharia review of the role of the Ajaib application, it fulfills the pillars and requirements of the samsarah contract, is following the sharia maqashid, and meets the existing fikhiyah rules, and in its application, this application meets muamalah etiquette.

The significant growth of retail investors in Indonesia between 2020 and 2022 is partly attributable to technological advancements that have made it easier to access investments through a variety of applications. Previous studies in developing nations like Indonesia, India, and Pakistan suggested that perception biases have influence on retail investor decision making. However, given the capabilities of current investing applications like the display of historical stock/mutual fund price data, retail investors should ideally be able to make more rational investment decisions. This study employs partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine the role of overconfidence, representativeness, and loss aversion biases that affect rational investment decision making. As an application feature, historical price data serves as the moderating variable of the interaction between them. The result of this study indicates that overconfidence influences rational investment decision making in a positive and significant manner, while representativeness and loss aversion do not have a significant effect. Price historical data as application feature also does not have significant effect in moderating the relationship between them.

There is a model of agriculture being implemented in regions of the European Union, which comes close to the global strategy of sustainable intensification of agriculture. The aim of this paper is to identify problems connected with realization of this strategy in family-run agricultural holdings based in Opole Province. The primary source material was collected in 2014 by means of a questionnaire survey conducted in 100 agricultural holdings selected on purpose. Their size exceeds 10 hectares of arable land and they are situated in sub-regions that are representative of the agriculture in Opole Province. On the basis of the research it was concluded that the farmers most often choose a trajectory of development, which consists in enlarging the area of land in their possession. This is realized together with simultaneous provision of additional services for the local environment. In the opinion of the examined farmers, the intensification of production, which is regulated by environmental norms, gives rise to the need of constant learning, as well as optimization of technological potential of specialization. The research confirmed also the farmers’ readiness to participate in institutions of risk management, chiefly in the fund of mutual insurance, in case of natural calamities occur.

We consider a new biannual liquefied natural gas (LNG) ship routing and scheduling problem and a stochastic extension under boil-off gas (BOG) uncertainty while serving geographically dispersed multiple customers using a fleet of heterogeneous vessels. We are motivated not only by contract trend changes to shorter ones but also by technological advancesin LNG vessel design. The mutual coincidence of both transitions enables developing a new LNG shipping strategy to keep up with emerging market trend. We fi rst propose a deterministic LNG scheduling model formulated as a multiple vehicle routing problem (VRP). The model is then extended to consider BOG using a two-stage stochastic modeling approach in which BOG is a random variable. Since the VRP is typically a combinatorial optimization problem, its stochastic extension is much harder to solve. In order to overcome this computational burden, a Monte Carlo sampling optimization is used to reduce the number of scenarios in the stochastic model while ensuring ggood quality of solutions. The solutions are evaluated using expected value of perfect information (EVPI) and value of stochastic solution (VSS). The result shows that our proposed model yields more stable solutions than the deterministic model. The study was made possible by the NPRP award [NPRP 4-1249-2-492] from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of the Qatar Foundation).

The article analyzes the systematic strategy of transition of rural territories to the ecologically friendly way of development and production of organic agricultural products, which will solve a number of acute socio-economic and environmental problems and is one of the most difficult stages of reforms in Ukraine. The essence of the ecological mechanism, which is a set of tools, the ultimate goal of which is the achievement of positive results in the environmental sphere, is disclosed. Attention is drawn to the fact that in some regions about 250 kinds of various wastes are produced. It is determined that the presence of different types of productions in the region causes the diversity of qualitative composition of wastes. It is stressed that at the expense of the regional fund of environmental protection in the region a number of environmental protection measures are being implemented, for which the regional budget is planning to allocate 115.2 million UAH. According to the data of the Main Directorate of Statistics in Vinnytsia region, it was investigated that in 2017 Trostyanets district is showed the largest indicator of waste generation, which was 26651.0 tons, Orativ district ranked second, with the total amount of wastes 14313.8 tons, the third – Khmilnyk district, the amount of waste in which equals to 10386.5 tons. A detailed analysis of waste management in Vinnytsia region in 2017 shows that the largest amount of waste utilization was carried out in Kryzhopil district, the total amount of which was 156613.5 tons. It is emphasized that the funds of the Environmental Fund are aimed at implementing the following 69 measures, among which: - treatment of solid household and chemical wastes – 28 projects worth 36.6 mln; - preservation of nature reserve fund (parks) – 4 projects in the amount of UAH 1.0 million; - preservation of water reservoirs and rivers – 12 projects in the amount of UAH 9.7 million; - completion of re-stocking and storage of unsuitable pesticides – 1 measure in the amount of 0.1 million UAH; - measures related to the technogenic situation in the regions (sewage treatment facilities and sewage networks) – 14 projects worth 42.4 mln; - wildlife preservation – 3 projects for UAH 1.0 million; - other – 7 projects worth 24.4 mln. SWOT analysis was carried out – the establishment of key interconnections between the strengths and weaknesses of the parties with potential and threats of further development of the Vinnytsia region. Strategic objectives of environmental safety of Vinnytsia region are determined depending on the mutual influence of individual factors of the external and internal environment. Conclusions are made that it is necessary to raise the level of ecological awareness of the society; to carry out measures on ensuring environmental safety and reducing the technogenic load on the environment. It is determined that the strong sides of the region are the presence of significant reserves of mineral raw materials, fertile agricultural land, the absence of powerful environmental pollutants and ecological districts. The weak side of Vinnytsia region is the insufficient dynamics of growth of small and medium business. On the base of the SWOT analysis, it was determined that among the key problems in the development of Vinnytsia region that impede the harmonious development of the region is the lack of development of innovation policy and, as a result, the lack of innovation infrastructure, the insufficient use of scientific, technological and production potential available in the region.

Technological developments can present a financial system that is increasingly developing, effective, practical and transparent. From these developments, crowdfunding was born from a social aspect, namely helping each other and mutual cooperation that develops following technological developments. Crowdfunding is not a new concept but has been around for a long time. This article wants to study how relevant equity crowdfunding is used as a funding instrument in sharia Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This study uses library research with secondary data obtained from several books, journals, news articles, and other publications with similar research topics. Equity crowdfunding is considered relevant to be a funding system for sharia MSMEs. It is because the equity crowdfunding system does not charge interest on the part of the user of the fund, in line with sharia MSMEs that require a sharia-based funding system. This study reveals that from an Islamic perspective, equity crowdfunding is following the principles of Islamic sharia, namely avoiding MAGHRIB (maysir, gharar, haram, riba and batil); it is relevant as a funding instrument for MSMEs that produce halal products. Even so, the implementation of equity crowdfunding as a sharia MSME funding system still needs supervision from the Sharia Supervisory Board so that activities in it are monitored and do not go out of sharia principles. Keywords: Equity Crowdfunding; MSMEs; Sharia MSMEs; Funding. Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi mampu menghadirkan sistem keuangan yang semakin berkembang, efektif, praktis dan transparansi. Dari perkembangan tersebut menjadikan crowdfunding yang lahir dari aspek sosial yaitu tolong menolong dan gotong royong ikut berkembang mengikuti arus perkembangan teknologi. Crowdfunding sebenarnya bukanlah konsep baru tetapi telah ada sejak dulu. Artikel ini ingin mengkaji bagaimana equity crowdfunding relevan digunakan sebagai instrument pendanaan dalam Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) syariah. Kajian ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research) dengan data skunder yang diperoleh dari beberapa buku, jurnal, artikel berita serta publikasi lainnya yang memiliki kesamaan dengan topik penelitian. Equity crowdfunding dianggap relevan menjadi sebuah sistem pendanaan bagi UMKM syariah. Hal itu disebabkan karena pada sistem equity crowdfunding tidak mengenakan bunga pada pihak pengguna dana. Senada dengan UMKM syariah yang membutuhkan sistem pendanaan berbasis syariah. Kajian ini mengungkap bahwa dari perspektif Islam, equity crowdfunding sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah Islam yaitu terhindar dari MAGHRIB (maysir, gharar, haram, riba dan batil), ia relevan sebagai instrument pendanaan UMKM yang memproduksi produk halal. Meskipun demikian, penerapan equity crowdfunding sebagai sistem pendanaan UMKM syariah tetap perlu pengawasan dari Dewan Pengawas Syariah agar aktivitas di dalamnya tetap terpantau dan tidak keluar dari prinsip-prinsip syariah. Kata Kunci: Equity Crowdfunding; UMKM; UMKM Syariah; Pendanaan.

This study aims to evaluate the effect of rapid changes in financial technologies and their impact on the financial services industry of India. A descriptive study has been made on the implementation of financial technologies in modern-day financial services Industries. An intensive literature review has been done from the existing most recent available journals, newspaper articles, government websites, and magazines. We have discussed the effects of the financial technologies on the existing financial system of India, the threats and challenges faced by the regulators in regulating the novel disruptive technologies. We have also discussed potential threats, challenges and future prospects of upcoming technologies in the mutual funds industry in India. Based on the literature review, it is found that financial technologies (FinTech) have a positive and important effect on the financial services industry of India. The AUM (Asset Under Management) has seen a tremendous jump in the recent past. It has also increased the customer experience with better access to the back office, even from remote places. In addition, the paper has also discussed the challenges faced by the regulators, who are yet to fully understand the implication of the fast-changing technological environment around us. Finally, this article contributes to the knowledge building and understanding of financial technologies and its impact on the financial industry, challenges, and future prospects.

The author looks at how universities and industry are collaborating within the European Union. National governments have only restricted resources to support pure academic research and universities have learned to attract outside funds through working with industry and other partners on joint projects of mutual interest. Academic staff also apply to the European Commission (EC) for research funds. The aim of the EC's Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development has been to strengthen the scientific and technological bases of European industry, enabling it to become more competitive at an international level — this explains in part the thematic and transnational requirements of the Programme. Such constraints may deter or exclude some potential applicants. However, for others, EC funding has provided an additional source of financial support through which, as well as achieving their research and development objectives, they have expanded their working relationship with partners in other countries.

The monograph examines the features of legal relations in the field of information security in the global information space. The concept of "cybersecurity" is investigated, the institutional independence of the norms of law on ensuring security in the cyber environment is substantiated from the point of view of the subject and method of legal regulation. Considerable attention is paid to the characteristics of the sources of law on ensuring information security on the Internet. Substantial proposals have been made to improve legal regulation in this area both at the national (primarily Russian) and international levels. A technological approach has been applied to the consideration of security issues in the global information space, within the framework of which the organizational, technical and legal principles of ensuring information security in cyberspace, as well as ways and means of ensuring security in the global information space have been studied. It is given not only an assessment of the level of use of funds, their interrelation and mutual complement, but also the legal characteristics of security tools in the global information space, for example cryptographic. The resources allocated for the implementation of the type of legal technology under study that were not previously allocated in the legal literature, for example, scientific and economic. The features of the protection of personal information on the Internet are considered, as well as modern problems of legal security in the global information environment, including cybersecurity in banking, healthcare, and biometric data security. The problems of international cooperation in the field of information security are highlighted. For a wide range of readers interested in information security issues. It can be useful for students, postgraduates and teachers of law schools and faculties.

Today, in addition to teaching and research roles, universities are one of major drivers of economic development and technological progress in society. To propagate technological innovation and industrial development, to implement output of academic research in practice universities should be in close cooperation with industry. University-industry collaborations have various benefits both for universities and industry. Universities gain additional funds for academic research, apply academic knowledge to industry; industry benefits from skilled human resources, new applications, and technological advances. Since university-industry collaborations have great mutual benefits for all partners, it is important to administer these operations effectively. Therefore, it is central to develop some efficiency indicators and efficiency measurement methods so that productive projects can be selected and funded more. This study aims to outline a framework on determinants of university-industry collaboration efficiency and construct a benchmark model to evaluate it using data envelopment analysis.

Science and technology have been developing at a great pace. There are numerous breakthrough innovations and groundbreaking improvements in almost every aspect of life. Undoubtedly, another field experiencing such a fast development is communication. Communication has been following and adapting related technological developments not only in terms of software and hardware but also in terms of targeting the right audience and creating the audience interaction. While developments in science and technology feed communication, communication disseminates the outcomes of innovative studies to the defined target groups. Science communication becomes a part of this mutual relation. This study is focused on research funds, opportunities, and international networks in the field of science communication. Within this context, challenges in research activities and expected impact of research outcomes will be examined in terms of science communication. Also, the role and importance of networks in science communication will be examined in line with research funds and support provided for this field.

The chapter first looks at the Great Inflation that wreaked havoc on the American economy and especially the working and middle classes. The economy shifted away from consumer goods manufacturing to services, dominated by jobs in government, healthcare, recreation and leisure, education, and the professions. Workers, for example, were more likely to drive cabs than to build them. All the same, American consumers continued their spendthrift ways in the 1980s, despite their lower purchasing power. They adjusted their consumer habits in three significant ways: where they shopped, how they paid for goods and services, and what they bought. The first section thus looks at the rise of the “big-box” stores, led by Wal-Mart and Sam Walton, that traded amenities for low prices and in that way extended purchasing power. A number of financial instruments—credit cards, ATMs, mutual money funds—allowed consumers easier access to consumer loans and savings. Finally, technological innovation transformed home and personal entertainment in the form of cable television, tape cassette players, the VCR, and other electronics that also empowered grassroots styles such as punk, rap, and independent films to go mainstream. That cultural upheaval triggered a moral backlash led by evangelical Christians and televangelists such as Oral Roberts, Pat Robertson, and Jerry Falwell. Ironically, they employed the same media technologies to reach mass audiences in order to spread the word that included the ultimate consumer faith: prosperity theology.

The POERUP project This paper presents research, analysis and policy recommendations from the POERUP (Policies for OER Up Take) project. The overall aim is to develop policies to promote the uptake of OER, especially across the EU, in all main educational sectors. The project has already created an inventory of more than 400 OER initiatives worldwide, documented on the project wiki. POERUP has produced 11 country reports and 19 mini-reports and is finalising seven case studies of notable OER initiatives. Outcomes of our research In the schools sector, it appears that there are very large numbers of European OERs which are potentially appropriate for K-12 education, a significant proportion of which emanate from museums, galleries, archives and national broadcasters. Although there appears to be some uncertainty concerning the availability of K-12 OER, they form potentially a valuable element in policy responses to austerity and to improve the learner experience in the school sector. However our research reports a range of barriers and disincentives to using OER. Although the development of vocational training has been a subject of enhanced political cooperation at the European level during the past decade, only one of the notable OER initiatives we have catalogued is targeted towards the VET sector and there is little evidence of any national or regional policies on OER for VET. In Universities the various schemes for quality in OER are so far ignored by national HE quality agencies or governments - not surprising when they mostly ignore similar schemes for quality in e-learning, even though e-learning (on- or off-campus) has far greater penetration than OER. Types of policy interventions Our research leads us to recommend three strands of policy interventions: o Linking OER to open access to research and to standards. o Fostering the phenomena that OER is said to facilitate. o Reducing the barriers to creation of innovative institutions and innovative practices. POERUP has produced three draft EU-level policy documents for universities, VET and schools. This paper integrates recommendations from the three sectors. POERUP is also producing policy documents for 5 Member States. Policy recommendations for the Commission and Member States OER is part of the broader fields of e-learning and distance learning and many of our recommendations are applicable in these broader contexts. They are grouped under seven headings and all are mapped against Opening Up Education; recommendations to Member States are specified. Communication and awareness raising: o Continue to promote the OER related initiatives currently being funded. o Facilitate exchange of experiences from national programmes between Member States. o Mount a campaign to educate university and school staff on IPR issues. Funding mechanisms and licensing issues o Ensure that any public outputs from EU programmes are available as open resources. o Continue to promote the availability and accessibility of open resources created through its cultural sector programmes. o Create an innovation fund for the development of online learning resources and assembling/ creating pathways to credentials. o Use Erasmus+ and Horizon 2020 to encourage partnerships between creators of educational content to increase the supply of quality OER and other digital educational materials in different languages, to develop new business models and to develop technical solutions. o Establish a European Hub of Digitally Innovative Education institutions, complemented by a specific European Award of Digital Excellence. o Authorities developing the EHEA should reduce the regulatory barriers against new non-study-time-based modes of provision. o Encourage Member States to increase their scrutiny of the cost basis for university teaching and consider the benefits of output-based funding for qualifications. o Support the development of technological methods to provide more and standardised information on IPR to the users of digital educational content. o Member States should ensure that budgets for digital educational resources are flexible enough to support the development (and maintenance) of openly licensed materials. Quality issues o Require OER to meet (disability) accessibility standards and should ensure that accessibility is a central tenet of all OER programmes and initiatives. o Establish a European quality assurance standard for OER content produced in Europe. o Member States should ensure that OER are allowed to be included on approved instructional materials lists. o Member States should consider establishing and funding an OER evaluation and adoption panel. Teacher training and continuous professional development o Encourage Member States to establish incentive and award schemes for teachers engaged in online professional development of their pedagogic skills, including online learning. o Member States should establish a professional development programme to support CPD on the creation, use and re-use of OER, with coverage of distance learning, MOOCs and IPR issues. Certification and accreditation o Drive forward the development of EQF and encourage Europe-wide validation of learning acquired online. o Foster the development of transnational accrediting agencies and mutual recognition of accreditations across the EU. o Explore and test digital competence frameworks and self-assessment tools for learners, teachers and organisations, including the tailoring of 'open badges' to the needs of learners. Infrastructure issues o Continue its focus on improving the ICT in education infrastructure in Members States to enable them to exploit potential pedagogical and financial advantages of OER. Further research o Develop its understanding of new modes of learning (including online, distance, OER and MOOCs) and how they impact quality assurance and recognition. o Support research into the benefits of OER & sustainable business models. o Launch a platform open to all stakeholders to record and benchmark the digital state of educational institutions.

E-learning has been spreading more and more in the Romanian schools in order to support the traditional teaching process. Computer-assisted instruction has many advantages, such as active learning strategies, students' involvement in learning, and development of more complex technical skills in tune with greater demands for social and societal insertion. However, there are still many controversies related to the phenomenon of human alienation, reduction of basic interpersonal relations, therefore having negative effects upon the emotional-affective dimension of personal and interpersonal relationships. Referring to persons with disabilities, it is commonly agreed that technology is not just their ally, but often the only chance to compensate their natural induced impairments. People with disabilities use technology to communicate, move, fulfill their basic needs, and self-care, overcoming the 'assisted-person' status and gaining more independence and greater control upon the quality of their lives. Still, questions remain: can or will technology ever help them decisively to overcome social barriers, those last challenges to social progress and the emergence of societies showing an inclusive frame of mind? Those 'walls of discrimination' created between ignorance and tolerance can actually be torn down, at some point, so that disability may be addressed as a sample of human diversity and not as a disadvantage? How can we use technology to get a positive answer to this issue sooner? Using these questions for starters, a project dedicated to the training of inclusive mindsets through play and teamwork from the early age has begun in Bucharest at the Special Kindergarten for the Hard of Hearing no. 65 in March 2014. Fun Lab is a project that combines latest learning technologies through sensory stimulation using cutting-edge equipment with problem-solving strategy based on mutual interaction and support in order to solve amusing tasks, which brings persons with sensory disabilities and regular people of all ages together. We wish to reform the way of looking at disability within the community, to prevent indifference or intolerance, discrimination (even the positive one). We wish to reform the way of thinking of persons with disabilities, both with or without sensory impairments, but having "ignoring or indifference disabilities", in the way of a common effort to real equal opportunities and rights to life and education of all those involved. And because communication between these dramatically different communities is often difficult or impossible, we chose a universal way, so to speak, to communicate, at local, international or even intergalactic level... what else could unite us more tightly and make us interact to each other than technology? We bet on technology, this gigantic destroyer of humanity, as it was often described, to reverse it against its long standing meaning, that is to maim and extinct human relationships and human in generally in the favor of the machine. We plan to reverse the poles and use technological systems to close different communities, to make them interact and know each other, to accept each other and to support each other, completing to one each other in order to achieve a common goal - progress. Project Goal Our goal is a kind of "domino" relationship between the progress of approach and education strategies for rehabilitation of preschoolers with sensory and associated multi-sensory disabilities and the social progress of the community within they will find their place. Non-acceptance and indifference come from ignorance and lack of relationship; by offering a common "toy", we hope to improve not only the life of persons with deficiencies, but the personal progress desire of those from the greater community, referring to attitude toward deficiency in general, toward impairment and limits, even physical ones, toward knowledge or relationship. Activities and results What we plan for ourselves through this project is offering work techniques and abilities for teachers, students and parents, as education partners, by organizing of interactive workshops "Sensory-lab"-like, in which we blend fun, relaxation and out of daily routines with a subtle and positive learning process through play and fun. We use multi-touch technologies and sensory responsive equipments, such as: multi-touch 27" monitor computer charged with hundreds of apps and games from the mains AppStores (sensory training, speech therapy apps, deaf signs apps, sport and motric coordination games, music, team play games, memory and attention games, cognitive and communication development games using virtual realities), 3D archive library and also sound, light and movement responsive equipments. Through participation at "sensory-lab" workshops, the life of the school community will improve and the mutual interactions between the two categories of persons: those who can hear and those who cannot, even if we talk about preschoolers or their parents. As a result of "sensory-lab" activities we expect an increase of the interest in common events and an increased involvement in education and extra-curricular activities of parents and local community.