Thematische Bibliographien / Third-party affiliation

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Third-party affiliation“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 29. Juni 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Third-party affiliation"

Ikkatai, Yuko, Shigeru Watanabe, and Ei-Ichi Izawa. "Reconciliation and third-party affiliation in pair-bond budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)." Behaviour 153, no. 9-11 (2016): 1173–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003388.

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Some group-living animals show conciliatory tendencies towards specific group members after conflicts, referred to as post-conflict affiliation (PC-affiliation). PC-affiliation with a former opponent and a third-party bystander is classified as ‘reconciliation’ and ‘third-party affiliation’, respectively. PC-affiliation is assumed to be mediated by high-quality social relationships between individuals. Recently, studies assessing lifelong monogamous birds, such as corvids, have found PC-affiliation as a case of convergent evolution with regard to primates. Nevertheless, PC-affiliation divergence in birds is still poorly understood. Here, we report that pair-bonds of budgerigars, a lifelong-monogamous small parrot, engage in both reconciliation and third-party affiliation. We also found that males initiated both types of PC-affiliation more often than females. However, during reconciliation, this skewed affiliation pattern was unlikely specific to the PC-context but could also stem from sex differences in basic social-behavioural features (i.e., female dominance over males and males’ primary role in initiating affiliation with females), which are common outside the PC-context. Conversely, the third-party PC-affiliation pattern was significantly different from the basic affiliation pattern: affiliations were initiated more often by combatant winners, by bystander males toward defeated females, and less often by defeated males. These results suggest specific signal and stress reduction functions related to PC-affiliation among budgerigar pair-bonds. The present study supports the view that PC-affiliations, based on high-quality relationships, did not only evolve in mammals but also in birds, with species-specific forms associated with social behavioural tendencies.

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Call, Josep, Filippo Aureli, and Frans B. M. de Waal. "Postconflict third-party affiliation in stumptailed macaques." Animal Behaviour 63, no. 2 (2002): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.2001.1908.

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Koski, Sonja E., and Elisabeth H. M. Sterck. "Post-conflict third-party affiliation in chimpanzees: what's in it for the third party?" American Journal of Primatology 71, no. 5 (2009): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajp.20668.

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Romero, Teresa, and Frans B. M. de Waal. "Third-party postconflict affiliation of aggressors in chimpanzees." American Journal of Primatology 73, no. 4 (2010): 397–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajp.20912.

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Seed, Amanda M., Nicola S. Clayton, and Nathan J. Emery. "Postconflict Third-Party Affiliation in Rooks, Corvus frugilegus." Current Biology 17, no. 2 (2007): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.11.025.

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Sima, Miriam Jennifer, Theresa Matzinger, Thomas Bugnyar, and Simone Pika. "Reconciliation and third-party affiliation in carrion crows." Ethology 124, no. 1 (2017): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eth.12699.

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Powell, Lindsey J., and Elizabeth S. Spelke. "Third-Party Preferences for Imitators in Preverbal Infants." Open Mind 2, no. 2 (2018): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/opmi_a_00018.

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Participants in social interactions often imitate one another, thereby enhancing their affiliation. Here we probe the nature and early development of imitation-based affiliation through studies of infants’ preferences for animated characters who imitate, or are imitated by, other characters. Four experiments provide evidence that preverbal infants preferentially attend to and approach individuals who imitate others. This preferential engagement is elicited by the elements of mimicry in simple acts of helping. It does not, however, extend to the targets of imitation in these interactions. This set of findings suggests infants’ imitation-based preferences are not well explained by homophily, prestige, or familiarity. We propose instead that infants perceive imitation as an indicator of valuable attributes in a potential social partner, including the capacity and motivation for social attention and coordinated action.

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Feo, Rebecca, and Amanda LeCouteur. "Dealing with third-party complaints on a men’s relationship-counselling helpline." Discourse Studies 19, no. 2 (2017): 131–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461445617691701.

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This article examines how third-party complaints were responded to by counsellors on a men’s relationship-counselling helpline. Much prior conversation analytic research has shown that third-party complaints in institutional settings are embedded in other activities and treated as secondary to the main interactional business. As such, complaints are routinely responded to with a shift to a new, institutionally relevant activity (e.g. the reason for the call/visit). In the context examined here, however, the third-party complaints constituted callers’ reasons for call. We show that, as in many other institutional contexts, counsellors do not, commonly, affiliate with callers’ complaints in the sense of displaying a similar stance towards a described third party. However, unlike in other settings that have been examined, counsellors’ responses did not result in an immediate shift away from callers’ complaints. This was primarily because, following counsellors’ non-affiliative responses, callers regularly engaged in work to pursue affiliation.

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Gershenson, Carl E. "The Emergence of Class Politics in Nineteenth-Century Massachusetts." Social Science History 44, no. 4 (2020): 697–723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2020.26.

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AbstractHow do economic and social position structure partisan affiliation? While neo-Durkheimian treatments of class and political behavior suggest the potential for extreme variability in the social bases of partisan affiliation, data limitations have largely restricted quantitative studies of this relationship to the postwar era. This temporal limitation restricts variation in observable social structure, thus limiting the ability of analysts to assess theoretical explanations. To address this gap, I introduce novel data on occupation and ethnicity for more than 20,000 Massachusetts state legislators in the nineteenth century. This allows me to find the “best fit” model for the social bases of party affiliation in four distinct periods in Massachusetts’ political history. I show that the Massachusetts political system transitioned from a system of occupational cleavages to proto-class cleavages between the First Party System (1795–1826) and Second Party System (1835–54). The Civil War and Reconstruction Era (1855–77) was characterized by the emergence of an ethnic cleavage, but near-modern class divisions emerged as the strongest predictors of legislators’ party affiliations for the remainder of the Third Party System (1878–93). Combined with historiographical accounts of the nineteenth century, these analyses suggest that the emergence of class politics requires intermediary organizations such as unions and professional associations, the liberalization of economic laws and regulation, and the increasingly unequal distribution of productive property.

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Bryant, Gregory A., Christine S. Wang, and Riccardo Fusaroli. "Recognizing affiliation in colaughter and cospeech." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 10 (2020): 201092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201092.

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Theories of vocal signalling in humans typically only consider communication within the interactive group and ignore intergroup dynamics. Recent work has found that colaughter generated between pairs of people in conversation can afford accurate judgements of affiliation across widely disparate cultures, and the acoustic features that listeners use to make these judgements are linked to speaker arousal. But to what extent does colaughter inform third party listeners beyond other dynamic information between interlocutors such as overlapping talk? We presented listeners with short segments (1–3 s) of colaughter and simultaneous speech (i.e. cospeech) taken from natural conversations between established friends and newly acquainted strangers. Participants judged whether the pairs of interactants in the segments were friends or strangers. Colaughter afforded more accurate judgements of affiliation than did cospeech, despite cospeech being over twice in duration relative to colaughter on average. Sped-up versions of colaughter and cospeech (proxies of speaker arousal) did not improve accuracy for either identifying friends or strangers, but faster versions of both modes increased the likelihood of tokens being judged as being between friends. Overall, results are consistent with research showing that laughter is well suited to transmit rich information about social relationships to third party overhearers—a signal that works between, and not just within conversational groups.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Third-party affiliation"

Mohamed, Benkada Aïcha. "Coopérer pour faire face à la compétition : importance des liens sociaux chez une espèce coloniale monogame, le corbeau freux (Corvus frugilegus)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAJ117.

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La vie en groupe social apporte des avantages considérables mais augmente aussi la compétition, qui peut parfois être surmontée par la coopération. L’objectif de ma thèse a été de déterminer l’influence des liens sociaux sur l’expression de la coopération en situation de compétition chez les corbeaux freux, une espèce coloniale monogame. Deux formes de coopération ont été étudiées : l’affiliation suite à un conflit (réconciliation et affiliation avec un tiers) et la formation de coalitions. Pris dans leur ensemble, mes résultats montrent que les corbeaux freux recourent à la coopération surtout quand cela s’avère nécessaire et que, lorsqu’ils coopèrent, ils le font quasi-exclusivement avec leur apparié. Mes résultats suggèrent que les patterns de coopération des corbeaux freux sont largement conditionnés par leur organisation sociale : l’imprévisibilité de leur environnement social a pu conduire à la flexibilité dont ils font preuve dans le recourt à la coopération et, le lien de couple, fort et durable, détermine le choix du partenaire de coopération<br>Living in a social group brings considerable advantages but also increases competition, which can sometimes be overcome by cooperation. The objective of my thesis was to determine the influence of social bonds on the expression of cooperation in competitive situations among rooks, a colonial monogamous species. Two kinds of cooperation were studied: post-conflict affiliation (reconciliation and third-party affiliation) and coalition formation. Overall, my results show that rooks use cooperation especially when it is necessary and when they cooperate, they do so almost exclusively with their mate. My results suggest that the patterns of cooperation of rooks are largely determined by their social organization: the unpredictability of their social environment may have led to the flexibility they show in the use of cooperation and the strong and long-term pair bond determines the choice of the cooperation partner

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Bücher zum Thema "Third-party affiliation"

service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Not Invited to the Party: How the Demopublicans Have Rigged the System and Left Independents Out in the Cold. Springer-Verlag New York, 2009.

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Independents rising: How a movement of outsiders, third parties and anti-parties is changing American politics in the 21st century. Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.

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Declaring Independence: The Beginning of the End of the Two-Party System. Random House, 2008.

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White, Ismail K., and Chryl N. Laird. Steadfast Democrats. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691199511.001.0001.

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Black Americans are by far the most unified racial group in American electoral politics, with 80 to 90 percent identifying as Democrats—a surprising figure given that nearly a third now also identify as ideologically conservative, up from less than 10 percent in the 1970s. Why has ideological change failed to push more black Americans into the Republican Party? This book answers this question with a pathbreaking new theory that foregrounds the specificity of the black American experience and illuminates social pressure as the key element of black Americans' unwavering support for the Democratic Party. The book argues that the roots of black political unity were established through the adversities of slavery and segregation, when black Americans forged uniquely strong social bonds for survival and resistance. It explains how these tight communities have continued to produce and enforce political norms—including Democratic Party identification in the post-Civil Rights era. The social experience of race for black Americans is thus fundamental to their political choices. Black voters are uniquely influenced by the social expectations of other black Americans to prioritize the group's ongoing struggle for freedom and equality. When navigating the choice of supporting a political party, this social expectation translates into affiliation with the Democratic Party. The book explores where and how black political norms are enforced, what this means for the future of black politics, and how this framework can be used to understand the electoral behavior of other communities.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Third-party affiliation"

"Third-Party Affiliation." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_302315.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Third-party affiliation"

Burr, Alexa S., Colin M. Frazier, and S. David Toth. "API Pipeline Safety Management System PSMS Third-Party Assessment Program: A Valuable Tool to Help Industry Implement PSMS." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207544-ms.

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Abstract The American Petroleum Institute (API) represents all segments of the natural gas and oil industry, aiming to accelerate safety and environmental progress across operations while meeting global demand for affordable, reliable, and cleaner energy. Through API and in partnership with the U.S. Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), state pipeline regulators, and other interested stakeholders, pipeline operators developed API Recommended Practice (RP) 1173: Pipeline Safety Management Systems. API RP 1173 users understand how to systematically manage pipeline safety and continuously measure progress to improve overall pipeline safety performance. The core principle of API RP 1173 is the "Plan-Do-Check-Act" cycle. It requires the operator to determine the goals, objectives, and targets needed to be undertaken, complete those initiatives, and periodically review the Pipeline Safety Management System (PSMS) on an operator's determined cycle or at a minimum of a three-year cycle. API RP 1173 and the Pipeline SMS Maturity Model and Tools are primary resources to support API Energy Excellence® implementation. API Energy Excellence (launched in 2021) is another critical API program in which all API members commit to enhance the integrity of operations across the industry by applying standards, implementing workforce training programs, and participating in performance initiatives. Ultimately, these conditions drive the industry towards its zero-incident goal by ensuring that the PSMS's various components are regularly reviewed and continually evolving. To that point and as part of the industry's ongoing commitment to continuous pipeline safety improvements, API, in collaboration with industry partners, developed a not-for-profit Pipeline SMS Assessment Program in 2019 and fully launched the offering in January 2020. Unlike most Pipeline Safety or SMS assessments, the API Third-Party Assessment Program utilizes a diverse set of assessors with multiple affiliations, ranging from traditional SMS firms to retired industry executives who wish to give back to the industry by sharing their experience with others. API has conducted many assessments to date, and the benchmarking from these assessments helps operators gauge how their implementation is relative to their peers. Also, because API is the custodian of RP 1173, learnings from these assessments can naturally be fed back into the standards development process to ensure the next version of RP 1173 is an even better Plan-Do-Check-Act Process. The API Pipeline SMS Assessment (PSMS Assessment) program gives the operator access to the most experienced and knowledgeable assessors. It provides the operator with the opportunity to learn notable practices utilized across the pipeline industry. In 2021 and beyond, API looks forward to taking the assessment program worldwide, increasing industry lessons learned, cataloging good practices, looking for opportunities to increase effectiveness, and giving industry valuable benchmarking, all aimed at our shared goal of zero incidents

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